From render to tender Designing holistic envelopes for contemporary buildings
Silvia Prandelli, Werner Sobek New York A4113 ENVELOPES IN ARCHITECTURE - FALL 2016 The Course
Performances
• Structural Design Analysis and • Environmental Requirements and Weather Performance Construction
• Lighting Design
• Geometry Modeling and • Constructability Innovation Constructability • Thermal insulation • Supply Chain and Budget • Modularity and material sizing Costing
• Industry representatives • Acoustics • Integrated technologies
• Durability • Support strategies
• Ventilation
2 The Instructor
Façade Director-COO Werner Sobek New York April 2014 - Present
Associate Buro Happold Facade Engineering September 2008 – February 2014
Adjunct Faculty Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning & Preservation
3 The schedule
Week Date Module 1 8-Sep Introduction and Course Overview
2 15-Sep Supply chain and budget
3 22-Sep Environmental requirements
4 29-Sep Geometry modelling
5 6-Oct Structural Design
6 13-Oct Material Durability / Project reviews
7 20-Oct Lighting and acoustics design / External presenter 1
8 27-Oct DD Reviews
9 3-Nov Fire and Glazing Safety /Project reviews
9 10-Nov No Class
10 17-Nov External presenter 2 / Project reviews
12 24-Nov No Class
13 1-Dec External presenter 3 / Project reviews
14 8-Dec CD reviews
4 What do Façade Engineers do?
Regulations and performances
Client Architect
Manufacturing
5 Façade design techniques
Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation
Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Materials Sustainability Weather Performance
Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability
Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
Adaptive Integrated Media Project Best Diagnostics Shading Lighting Facades Precedent Practice
6 Contemporary facades
Ravesbourne College, FOA, London Optical glass façade, Hiroshi Nakamura, Hiroshima
7 Ravesbourne College, FOA, London
8 Contemporary facades
The Shard, Renzo Piano, London 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London
9 The Shard, Renzo Piano, London narrow cavity (200mm) Internally accessed externally ventilated (25mm) Ipasol Bright on Low Iron laminated out 55.2 Cavity blinds: Hexcel screen roller blinds grey- blue, BMS controlled internal DGU with low-e coating #3
10 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London
11 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London
12 Contemporary facades
Ratp Bus Center, ECDM, Paris Museum of Contemporary Art, SANAA, New York
13 Ratp Bus Center, ECDM, Paris
14 Any more projects we can think of?
15 Design Process
Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation
Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Materials Sustainability Weather Performance
Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability
Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
Adaptive Integrated Media Project Best Diagnostics Shading Lighting Facades Precedent Practice
16 Design Process
Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation
Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Materials Sustainability Weather Performance
Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability
Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
Adaptive Integrated Media Shading Lighting Facades
17 Materials
Acrylic Concrete/GRC/UHPFRC Plastic/GRP
Aluminum ETFE Steel/Stainless/Titaniu m
Bronze Copper Brass Fabric Stone
Brick/Terracotta/Ceramic Glass Wood
18 Acrylic
Reiss Store, London, UK
19 Acrylic
Production phase
20 Museum of Trajan's Market - Rome
21 Acrylic
22 Acrylic
23 Acrylic - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
24 Acrylic - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
25 Concrete based materials-GFRC
26 Concrete based materials-GFRC
27 Concrete based materials-GFRC
28 Concrete based materials - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
29 Concrete based materials - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
30 Plastic based materials-Corian
31 Plastic based materials - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
32 Plastic based materials - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
33 Aluminum Ravensbourne College (FOA)
34 Aluminum
35 Aluminium - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
36 Aluminum - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
37 ETFE
ARTIC (HOK)
38 ETFE - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
39 ETFE - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
40 Steel Barclays Arena (SHoP Architects)
41 Steel - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
42 Titanium Guggenheim Bilbao – Gehry & Partners
43 Titanium - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
44 Bronze Copper Brass 626 First Ave (SHoP Architects)
45 Bronze Brass Copper - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
46 Fabric
London 2012 – temporary basketball arena
47 Fabric - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
48 Stone Museum of Liverpool (3XN)
49 Stone - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
50 Terracotta Brick Ceramic
Tozzer Library (Kennedy Violich)
51 Terracotta Brick Ceramic
52 Terracotta Brick Ceramics - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
53 Glass
Apple Cube (Bohlin Cywinski Jackson)
54 Glass
55 Glass - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
56 Wood Hangil Book House (SHoP Architects)
57 Wood
58 Wood - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
59 Break 1
60 Systems
Door systems Media Facades Rainscreen facades
Dynamic facades Mesh System Structural glass/Cable
Glass floors Multiple skins Shading systems
Green facades Panelized systems Stick/Unitized systems
61 Stick/Unitized systems
Stick Curtain Wall Unitised Curtain Wall
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES + Flexibility - Labour intensive + Factory Quality - More Expensive + Lower Cost - Site Workmanship + Fast Construction - Greater lead times - Outside Access + No outside access - Specialised supply Req’d Req’d chain
62 Unitized systems
63 Unitized- Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
64 Stick systems
65 Stick - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
66 Structural glass/Cables
67 Structural glass/Cables
68 69 70 71 Maritime Museum Lingang
72 73 Form-finding Form-finding starting geometry resulting shape
74 75 76 77 Stick - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
78 Glass floors
79 The Ledge ,Chicago
80 81 Multiple skins
Box-window Facade
MOOR HOUSE - London Shaft-box Facade
ARAG 2000 TOWER - Dusseldorf
82 Multiple skins
Corridor Facade
DEBIS TOWER - Berlin
Multistorey Facade
GSW HEADQUARTERS - Berlin
83 kFW,Frankfurt, Sauerbruch Hutton
84 Prevailing wind direction
85 86 87 88 89 Multiple Facade - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
90 Door systems
Opening mechanisms
91 Key components
92 93 Panelized systems Horten Headquarters, Copenhaghen, 3xn
94 95 Panelized systems - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
96 Horizontal/Roof systems Rainscreen systems
Vertical systems
97 Large variety of materials
98 Rainscreen systems - Design Process
Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design
Sustainability
Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability
Budget Costing
Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy
99 Shading systems
Brie Soleil Coatings and fritting Solar Panel Shading
Electrochromic glass Light Shelves
100 Dynamic facades
101 Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris, Jean Nouvel
102 Al Bahar Towers, Aedas, Abu Dhabi
103 104 One Ocean, Thematic Pavilion EXPO 2012, Yeosu-si, Korea, soma
105 The butterfly mechanism
106 Media Facades
107 Department Store, Seoul, Korea, UN Studio
• Cost: high resolution 400x400;530 euro/m2 (led)
• medium resolution: 400x800; 265 euro/m2
• low resolution 400x400; 132 euro/m2
108 Mesh systems
109 Maison Folie, Paris
110 Green facades
111 112 Moving on…
113