From render to tender Designing holistic envelopes for contemporary buildings

Silvia Prandelli, Werner Sobek New York A4113 ENVELOPES IN ARCHITECTURE - FALL 2016 The Course

Performances

• Structural Design Analysis and • Environmental Requirements and Weather Performance Construction

• Lighting Design

• Geometry Modeling and • Constructability Innovation Constructability • Thermal insulation • Supply Chain and Budget • Modularity and material sizing Costing

• Industry representatives • Acoustics • Integrated technologies

• Durability • Support strategies

• Ventilation

2 The Instructor

Façade Director-COO Werner Sobek New York April 2014 - Present

Associate Buro Happold Facade Engineering September 2008 – February 2014

Adjunct Faculty Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning & Preservation

3 The schedule

Week Date Module 1 8-Sep Introduction and Course Overview

2 15-Sep Supply chain and budget

3 22-Sep Environmental requirements

4 29-Sep Geometry modelling

5 6-Oct Structural Design

6 13-Oct Material Durability / Project reviews

7 20-Oct Lighting and acoustics design / External presenter 1

8 27-Oct DD Reviews

9 3-Nov Fire and Glazing Safety /Project reviews

9 10-Nov No Class

10 17-Nov External presenter 2 / Project reviews

12 24-Nov No Class

13 1-Dec External presenter 3 / Project reviews

14 8-Dec CD reviews

4 What do Façade Engineers do?

Regulations and performances

Client Architect

Manufacturing

5 Façade design techniques

Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation

Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Materials Sustainability Weather Performance

Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability

Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

Adaptive Integrated Media Project Best Diagnostics Shading Lighting Facades Precedent Practice

6 Contemporary facades

Ravesbourne College, FOA, Optical glass façade, Hiroshi Nakamura, Hiroshima

7 Ravesbourne College, FOA, London

8 Contemporary facades

The Shard, Renzo Piano, London 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London

9 The Shard, Renzo Piano, London narrow cavity (200mm) Internally accessed externally ventilated (25mm) Ipasol Bright on Low Iron laminated out 55.2 Cavity blinds: Hexcel screen roller blinds grey- blue, BMS controlled internal DGU with low-e coating #3

10 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London

11 10 Hills Place, Amanda Levete, London

12 Contemporary facades

Ratp Bus Center, ECDM, Paris Museum of Contemporary Art, SANAA, New York

13 Ratp Bus Center, ECDM, Paris

14 Any more projects we can think of?

15 Design Process

Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation

Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Materials Sustainability Weather Performance

Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability

Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

Adaptive Integrated Media Project Best Diagnostics Shading Lighting Facades Precedent Practice

16 Design Process

Large Materials Solar Gain Thermal Palette Ventilation Glare Control Daylighting Control Insulation

Manufacturing Structural Process Limits Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Materials Sustainability Weather Performance

Contractors OUTPUTS Drawings Specifications Durability

Budget Cladding Costing Systems Integrated Glazing Technologies Systems Safety Interfaces Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

Adaptive Integrated Media Shading Lighting Facades

17 Materials

Acrylic Concrete/GRC/UHPFRC Plastic/GRP

Aluminum ETFE Steel/Stainless/Titaniu m

Bronze Copper Brass Fabric Stone

Brick/Terracotta/Ceramic Glass Wood

18 Acrylic

Reiss Store, London, UK

19 Acrylic

Production phase

20 Museum of Trajan's Market - Rome

21 Acrylic

22 Acrylic

23 Acrylic - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

24 Acrylic - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

25 Concrete based materials-GFRC

26 Concrete based materials-GFRC

27 Concrete based materials-GFRC

28 Concrete based materials - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

29 Concrete based materials - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

30 Plastic based materials-Corian

31 Plastic based materials - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

32 Plastic based materials - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

33 Aluminum Ravensbourne College (FOA)

34 Aluminum

35 Aluminium - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

36 Aluminum - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

37 ETFE

ARTIC (HOK)

38 ETFE - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

39 ETFE - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

40 Steel Barclays Arena (SHoP Architects)

41 Steel - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

42 Titanium Guggenheim Bilbao – Gehry & Partners

43 Titanium - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

44 Bronze Copper Brass 626 First Ave (SHoP Architects)

45 Bronze Brass Copper - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

46 Fabric

London 2012 – temporary basketball arena

47 Fabric - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

48 Stone Museum of Liverpool (3XN)

49 Stone - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

50 Terracotta Brick Ceramic

Tozzer Library (Kennedy Violich)

51 Terracotta Brick Ceramic

52 Terracotta Brick Ceramics - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

53 Glass

Apple Cube (Bohlin Cywinski Jackson)

54 Glass

55 Glass - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

56 Wood Hangil Book House (SHoP Architects)

57 Wood

58 Wood - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

59 Break 1

60 Systems

Door systems Media Facades Rainscreen facades

Dynamic facades Mesh System Structural glass/Cable

Glass floors Multiple skins Shading systems

Green facades Panelized systems Stick/Unitized systems

61 Stick/Unitized systems

Stick Curtain Wall Unitised Curtain Wall

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES + Flexibility - Labour intensive + Factory Quality - More Expensive + Lower Cost - Site Workmanship + Fast Construction - Greater lead times - Outside Access + No outside access - Specialised supply Req’d Req’d chain

62 Unitized systems

63 Unitized- Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

64 Stick systems

65 Stick - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

66 Structural glass/Cables

67 Structural glass/Cables

68 69 70 71 Maritime Museum Lingang

72 73 Form-finding Form-finding starting geometry resulting shape

74 75 76 77 Stick - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

78 Glass floors

79 The Ledge ,

80 81 Multiple skins

Box-window Facade

MOOR HOUSE - London Shaft-box Facade

ARAG 2000 TOWER - Dusseldorf

82 Multiple skins

Corridor Facade

DEBIS TOWER -

Multistorey Facade

GSW HEADQUARTERS - Berlin

83 kFW,, Sauerbruch Hutton

84 Prevailing wind direction

85 86 87 88 89 Multiple Facade - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

90 Door systems

Opening mechanisms

91 Key components

92 93 Panelized systems Horten Headquarters, Copenhaghen, 3xn

94 95 Panelized systems - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

96 Horizontal/Roof systems Rainscreen systems

Vertical systems

97 Large variety of materials

98 Rainscreen systems - Design Process

Structural Acoustic Building Design Physics Design Fire Safety Architectural Design

Sustainability

Weather Performance Challenges/ opportunities Durability

Budget Costing

Integrated Glazing Technologies Safety Security Supply Chain Maintenance Buildability Issues Strategy

99 Shading systems

Brie Soleil Coatings and fritting Solar Panel Shading

Electrochromic glass Light Shelves

100 Dynamic facades

101 Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris, Jean Nouvel

102 Al Bahar Towers, Aedas, Abu Dhabi

103 104 One Ocean, Thematic Pavilion EXPO 2012, Yeosu-si, Korea, soma

105 The butterfly mechanism

106 Media Facades

107 Department Store, Seoul, Korea, UN Studio

• Cost: high resolution 400x400;530 euro/m2 (led)

• medium resolution: 400x800; 265 euro/m2

• low resolution 400x400; 132 euro/m2

108 Mesh systems

109 Maison Folie, Paris

110 Green facades

111 112 Moving on…

113