Public Transport is a key part for green mobility Success components of the Public Transport System in Dresden Hannes Lieberoth, Julia Keller Traffic planning and management Welcome
public transport Infrastructure operation rolling stock management construction and incl. driving school maintenance and service + marketing operation
market traffic and shift communi- PT planning sales research product planning planning cation
2 Agenda
1) Short Introduction to the Public-Transport-System in Dresden 2) How we ensure a high quality . On behalf of our customers – market research and product planning . Reliability and speedlevel of PT 3) New modes of public transport
3 The Dresden Public Transport Network and Modal Split
160 m passengers/year
Bus 34%
66% Tram
Pedestrian Public transport 27% 22%
Modal Suburban Train Split Tram Operated by 12% Bike Bus DVB AG 39% Car
4 1) Introduction 85 % of our customers use Tram or Premiumbuses
Tram 10‘-intervall 24h operation Premiumbus 10‘-intervall 20-/24h operation Local Bus 20‘-/30‘-intervall 16-/20h operation
5 1) Introduction Which Criteria are Important to Ensure Customer Satisfaction?
0,00 0,28 0,56
Kundenorientierungcustomer focus 0,47 Pünktlichkeitpunctuality und Zuverlässigkeitand reliability 0,44 connectionAnschlüsse/Umsteigenand transfer 0,43 Taktfrequenzintervals 0,41 Linien- und Streckennetznetwork 0,39 price system Tarifsystem 0,36 price-performance ratio Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnis 0,36 Schnelligkeit der Beförderungspeed 0,35 Abendverkehrsangebotevening timetable 0,34 Nachtverkehrsangebotnight timetabel 0,33 Komfort und Bequemlichkeitcomfort - Fahrzeug(vehicle) 0,33 Freundlichkeitkindliness Fahrpersonal(drivers) 0,31 Fahrkarten-Verkaufsstellenticketshops 0,31 Freundlichkeitkindliness (other Personalstaff) 0,31 Platzangebotspace - Fahrzeug(vehicle) 0,30 Aktivitätenenviromental zur Umweltschonungactivitess 0,30 informationInformationenabout bei buildingBaumaßnahmenactivities 0,28 Fahrkartensortimentticket types 0,28 Sauberkeit und Gepflegtheitcleanness - Fahrzeug(vehicle) 0,28
6 2) How we ensure high quality // market research Key Objectives for Improving Customer Satisfaction
Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnisprice-performance ratio 13,6
priceTarifsystemsystem 9,5
informationInformationenabout bei Störungendisturbances - Haltestellen(stops) 8,0
connection andAnschlüssetransfer 7,7
Komfort und Ausstattungcomfort - Haltestellen(stops) 7,3
Kundenorientierungcustomer focus 7,2
Taktfrequenzintervals 7,1
informationInformationenabout beibuilding Baumaßnahmenactivities 6,8
Pünktlichkeitpunctuality und andZuverlässigkeitreliabelity 6,6
informationInformationenabout disturbancesbei Störungen (-vehicles Fahrzeug) 6,5
Index considering customers satisfaction, importance and number of affected customers.
7 2) How we ensure high quality // market research We just change our network if there is a benefit for our customers
Necessary requirements for development of the network and timetable
Financial Political Technical Customers value feasibility consensus feasibility
Number of Revenue Municipality Infrastructure passengers
Subsidy
Customer Citizens Rolling stock satisfaction Costs
8 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning With our traffic model we can forecast the effect of changes in our public transport network
Statistics Behavioral data Network data inhabitants, Number of ways per Streets, junctions, employed persons, inhabitent, students… Input PT-lines, PT-stops, jobs, hydrograps, timetables, travel time sales area, … impacts for traffic mode choice… etc.
VisEVA VISUM Effort Matrix Traffic generation Effort for every transport Network model mode to get from A to B Traffic distribution Calculation VISUM Allocation to transport Origin-Destination Matrix modes Number of Persons from A to Allocation to streets, lines B for every mode of transport
Output Number of cars on streets Number of passengers
9 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning Our traffic model represents the whole region of Dresden
red = Car green = PT Hoyerswerda Data: Riesa 2017 (analysis) Großenhain 2030 (forecast) Kamenz
Update every five Meißen years Bischofswerda
Pirna Freiberg
10 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning With our traffic model we can analyse traffic flows
Albertbrücke Waldschlößchenbrücke Blaues Wunder Blue PT Red Car
Modal Split PT = 52%
Modal Split PT = 15% Modal Split PT = 28%
11 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning The traffic model shows how passenger numbers develope with the implemantion of a new busline
green = increase of passengers red = decrease of passengers
12 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning Solutions for public transport in a growing city
New tram tracks Longer vehicles (replacement of New buslines buslines)
University Line 65
Line 5 Johannstadt – Line 67 Plauen
13 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning New tram and bus lines shall improve the PT-modal-split-share
Suburban Train Tram Operated by DVB AG Bus
14 2) How we ensure high quality // product planning Key Objectives for Improving Customer Satisfaction
Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnisprice-performance ratio 13,6
priceTarifsystemsystem 9,5
informationInformationenabout bei Störungendisturbances - Haltestellen(stops) 8,0
connection andAnschlüssetransfer 7,7
Komfort und Ausstattungcomfort - Haltestellen(stops) 7,3
Kundenorientierungcustomer focus 7,2
Taktfrequenzintervals 7,1
informationInformationenabout beibuilding Baumaßnahmenactivities 6,8
Pünktlichkeitpunctuality und andZuverlässigkeitreliabelity 6,6
informationInformationenabout disturbancesbei Störungen (-vehicles Fahrzeug) 6,5
Index considering customers satisfaction, importance and number of affected customers.
15 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level The average travel speed level of cars is much higher than tram and bus
29
27
25 in km/h in
23 speed 21
19 Average Average
17
15
Tram Bus Car Objective of the city: relation between public transport and cars should be developing in favor of the public transport
16 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level How can we assure a higher reliability for our customers and a higher speed level?
Infra- structure planning
Acceleration at traffic lights
17 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level 44 % of all tram tracks are separated from car traffic
Separated tracks for trams Separated tracks for trams and buses Tram tracks within the street
18 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level Separated Tracks Example St. Petersburger Straße
+ Less disruption + High safety level for changing passengers + Higher speed level − Space consuming (very difficult in densely populated parts of the city) − Usually higher costs than combined infrastructure
19 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level Solution for fast trams in streets without separated tracks: Leading position for the vehicle
Separated tracks for trams Separated tracks for trams and buses Tram tracks within the street
23 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level Leipziger Straße was built in a space efficient way with the aim of accelerated tram traffic
+ Less space consuming − Complex plannig process + Decreasing the speed of motorised individual transport
24 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level The leading position of trams is realized by holding back the cars at converging points
Cars are held until tram passes by traffic light
No possibilities to overtake the tram
25 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level The Service Level shows that trams can also be accelerated without separated tracks
Travel speed Car: 25,0 km/h Tram: 24,4 km/h
27 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level How our Trams and Busses communicated with traffic lights in the 1990‘s
traffic light controller
connection to connection to traffic controllcenter light
28 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level Our public transport network is a challenge for reliability 100 transfer points, Legend Line interactions , Transfer point with dynamic connections … Transfer point with planned connections Transfer point without planned connections Intersections to filter in Project „Reliable PT“ first route (realized) Project „Reliable PT“ second route (till 2021) Other traffic light 29 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level The integrated traffic management system improves the performance of public transport
traffic management system (city of situation of indivudual Dresden) „VAMOS“ motor car traffic VAMOS-PT traffic information Project „Reliable PT“ Monitoring
punctuality and PT-quality manager intelligent traffic light order of trams
connections ITCS traffic (DVB AG) computer change of driver (city of Dresden) car park guidance system assistance system for drivers
traffic light qualitymanagement (urbic) dynamic routing system
? traffic light preemption 30 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level traffic regulation on motorways Project „Reliable Public Transport“: How to fullfill our customers most important requirements
traffic light preemption according to punctuality punctual
traffic light preemption considering the order of vehicles at interchange stops secured traffic light preemption considering service connections stops (e. g. connections, driver change) and transfers
assistance system for driver interference- free and quick ride ensuring pedestrian access
31 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level Intelligent traffic lights can help to deplete delays
180
140 140
100 80
20 20 20 10 -20
Bf. Neustadt (BFN) Pirnaischer Platz (PIP) Nürnberger Platz (NUP)
32 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level With the project „Reliable Public Transport“ we improved punctuality and other key objectives
85%
80%
75% tram 3
70% tram 7 project start project start tram 8
65% part II part III share of punctual departures punctualofshare 60% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Indicator 2006 2015 customers satisfaction (connections) 2.94 2.67 + 10 % Number of passengers (tram 3, 7, 8) 93,000 per 106,000 per + 14 % day day Average speed (tram 3, 7, 8) 16.4 km/h 18.4 km/h + 10 %
33 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level With our Qualitymanagementtool urbic® we can controll the success of acceleration
34 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level A succesful acceleration of public transport is a teamplay
Character of the Planners expertise Political parameter intersection Collaboration of Space municipality and pt operator
Mode of traffic light Hardware- Traffic congestion preemption technology
Competing traffic flows
Quality management system Controlling of the quality of pt acceleration
35 2) How we ensure high quality // reliability and speed level The mobility market is changing rapidly with new business modells and technologies.
Public Transport more individual Individual Mobility more public
36 Our aims are to support multimodal and intermodal services and to increase their use.
Multimodal Mobility: Intermodal Mobility:
37Bildquellen: http://www.velo-blaubeuren.de/, www.teilauto.de, www.nextbike.de, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Sinnbild_Fu%C3%9Fg%C3%A4nger.svg#file 64% of the inhabitants of Dresden change at least weekly between different modes of transport
10 4 21 35
21 16 64
9 19
only car mmultimodalultimodal Wechselchange between alle Verkehrsmittel all modes nur Auto only bike mmonomodalonomodal (no variety) Wechselchange car Auto – public - ÖV transport only publicnur transportÖV Wechselchange bike Rad - public - ÖV transport Wechselchange bike Rad - car - Auto
38 TNS Infratest/Sinus 2015; Nutzung, Image, Milieus; Dresdner ab 16 Jahre, n=1.500 The interest in multimodal mobility services is going to increase as young people are attracted by those offers.
Potential for bikesharing und carsharing - by age
50% WerdeWill probably vsl. nichtnot nutzen use it // 40% kennedon´t know nichtit
30% Unentschlossen,Undecided to use mind.at least einesone service zu nutzen 20% Willing to use at least one Absicht mind. eines zu 10% nutzenservice
0% Already using at least one
Nutzeservice mind. eines
16-25 26-35 36-45 46-55 56-65 66-75 76-99
39 Who is interested in the concept „Mobility as a Service“?
We are … • self-determined • connected • multilingual
We would like to... We appreciate... • have the fitting mode of • independence transport when we need it • flexibility • use all services from one • sustainability provider • innovation 40 • have a flexible tariff
http://www.forum-csr.net/global/images/cms/Pressemeldungen/rock_your_life_melanie_denisa_copyr_moussa_hakal.png In Dresden the variety of mobility providers is going to increase in the follwing years.
• Public Transport • Stationary Carsharing Current services • Bikesharing System
• CleverShuttle Medium- • Services from VW Mobility Incubator term
• Free-floating Carsharing • On-Demand Services, Ridepooling Long-term • eScooter, …
41 We want to meet all the mobility needs with our multimodal mobility strategy.
„Mobility Sales hub“
Services
42 The current bikesharing system is showing a high potential by comparison to other cities.
Customers of local newspaper and public transport company; students: free use of the bikes for 30 minutes 600 bikes mostly located on fixed stations
MVG-meinRad KVB Rad in sz-bike in sz-bike in in Mainz 2016 Köln 2016 Dresden 2016 Dresden 2017 Habitants 200,000 1 Mio. 550,000 Journeys 480,000 660,000 35,472 82,158 Journeys/ 2.4 0.66 0.06 0.15 Habitants
43 We are sure that the number of journeys of the bikesharing system is going to increase. Further improvements: More bikes? Extension of flexible zone?
500.000 More stations, change of habits
200 new bikes,
400.000 more stations
year per per 300.000 Higher publicity, better recognizability
490.000 430.000 Easier access, Journeys 200.000 better availability, students 325.000
100.000 200.000 2017: 82.158 assumption: 1,48 journeys/bike like Mainz assumption 2,09 jouneys/bike like journeys 600 bikes 800 bikes Köln with 800 bikes 36.000 - sz-bike 2016 1. Betriebsjahr2018 DVB 2. Betriebsjahr2019 DVB 3. Betriebsjahr2020 DVB 4. Betriebsjahrfollowing years DVB 44 Rad Rad Rad Rad teilAuto provides an established stationary carsharing with almost 300 vehicles and more than 100 stations in Dresden
A
B
Specific parking space at teilAuto station source: teilAuto.net
financial benefits for customers with monthly public transport ticket no legal basis for mandating carsharing parking spaces in urban public space yet
45 Mobility should feel „yellow“ in Dresden!
„Mobility Sales hub“
Services
46 The concept of mobility hubs has been approved by the city council in March 2017.
47 We want to combine different mobility services physically at “Mobility Hubs“ in the city.
Wifi Bikesharing
Public Information Charging +Access for eVehicles
Carsharing
48 The sucess of the mobility hub is guaranteed by a corporate design concept.
49 We want to combine different mobility services digitally at our multimodal mobility plattform.
Integrated services User Routing planner for public transport
Ticketing System for public transport DVB Mobility App Public Bikesharing System Multimodal Booking of Single Routing Services Sign-On Carsharing
Taxis
Ticket for car parking One bill for Sales Various bills of Management Charging for electrical all services System service providers cars
50 Backend systems Free-floating carsharing companies did not receive the authorization for universal city-wide parking ticket yet.
A
B
Any parking lot Any parking lot in public space in public space
51 Dresden does not have a free-floating carsharing system due to unpredictable urban effects.
Risks Chances for the city for the city
Substitution of journeys with green modes of transport Decline of private car ownership
More pollution
Element in multimodal mobility strategy Induced traffic
52 ? It is unpredictable how technologies like On-Demand Services and Autonomous Driving are going to change public transport.
Risks Chances
Substitution of journeys with green modes of Decline of private car transport ownership
Less PT less revenue More efficient Public problem of financing Transport with a higher public service quality for the customers
Induced traffic Element in multimodal mobility strategy More Space Consuming 53 ? The regular public transport is optimized and customer oriented with economical boundaries.
Supply oriented public Regular demand oriented transport public transport
Trams and premium bus lines Local bus lines, evening and 24/7 night public tranport service, Sunday
Competition and less revenue for PT with consequences for other areas of the city? On-Demand-Mobility Services might be a new premium product in addition to PT The irregular demand oriented public transport is a task of public service.
Dial-a-bus services / Alita On Demand Service with flexible route Service along existing lines in the night e.g., called by Less populated areas or at phone 20 minutes in advance times with low demand
On-Demand-Mobility could increase the efficiency and the qualitity of PT with higher customer satisfaction. UberPop is forbidden in Germany as it violates German Transport Law (PBefG)
Taxi drivers need to have a public transport authorization UberPop drivers didn´t have one
How could other mobility service providers implement new services to the market? Approval of service for a few years if the revenue doesn´t extent the costs of the drive (experimentation clause)
56
https://thenypost.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/uber-germany_injunction.jpg Germany and the US choose a very different approach regarding new mobility services.
How do you evaluate the effects of ridepooling like Uber or Via in the US?
What do you think about the German, more cautious way of dealing with those services?
Which experiences from the US could be helpful for our work here?
57