library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 1. Analysis of Strategies Examples of Single Strategy : In translating implicature expression in the subtitle of Game of Thrones Season 1-2, there are four types of analysis of strategies; single strategy analysis, double strategy analysis, triple strategy analysis, quadruple strategy of analysis. The first type is single strategy analysis. There are two single strategies which are used in translating the expression containing implicature in the subtitle. a. Transfer In translating implicature expression in the subtitle of Game of Thrones Season 1-2, transfer is one of two single strategies applied by the translator. There are 54 applications of this strategy in the subtitle. Transfer strategy is used to translate the source text to the target text with maintaining the structure of the source text. Example 01 : Situation : In the Eastern of Westeros, one of the Targaryan children is betrothed to a powerful tribe leader, Khal Drogo. The ceremony is taking place in the Targaryan’s palace at noon. The Targaryan children, Daenerys and Viserys and their followers are waiting for Khal Drogo. After waiting for some times, Khal 45 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id Drogo comes with his guards. He has seen his future wife for a while, and then going back to where he comes from without saying a word. After that, Viserys and his advisor are having a conversation. SL/012/GOT/S.01/Eps.01/M.0,0:37:42.41,0:37:44.08: Prince Viserys : Where is he going?! Advisor : The ceremony is over. Prince Viserys : But he didn't say anything. TL/012/ GOT/S.01/Eps.01/M. 0,0:37:43.41,0:37:45.08: Prince Viserys : Pergi kemana dia?! Advisor : Upacara selesai. Prince Viserys : Tapi dia tak mengatakan apa-apa. The implicature expression in the conversation above is shown in the Advisor’s answer toward Prince Viserys’ question. Advisor knows about where Khal Drogo is going after meeting Daenerys, but he does not tell the Prince directly. He chooses to give the Prince an answer with “The ceremony is over.” In doing so, Advisor can deliver two messages in one sentence. First, Advisor wants to tell the Prince about the matchmaking ceremony, which is already over. Second, he wants to express the answer from the Prince Viserys’ question if Khal Drogo will return to where he wants to. In this case, the Advisor’s answer is flouting the maxim of relevance, the speakers to say something relevant to the topic that has been talked about before. The topic in the Advisor’s answer does not have a relation to the Prince Viserys’s question. Prince Viserys asks about the 46 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id place where Khal Drogo will go, and Advisor’s answer about the ceremony which is already over. In the example above, there is a strategy which is found; Transfer. The answer given by the Advisor, “The ceremony is over.”, was translated into “Upacara selesai.”. It shows that the translator still maintains the structure of the source text in the target text. There is no addition and deletion are found in that expression. In the example 01, the Advisor’s answer in the source text is an expression of implicature. It is because the Advisor’s answer is flouting the maxim of relevance, the speakers to say something relevant to the topic that has been talked about before. After it is translated into Bahasa, the implicature in the Advisor’s answer does not change. The answer given by the Advisor, “The ceremony is over.”, was translated into “Upacara selesai.”. It shows that the answer is flouting the maxim of relevance. Example 02 : Situation : Since Lord Stark is chosen as the Right Hand of the King, Starks House has a conflict with the Queen and her son. One clash to another happens between the two Houses. Those clashes makes the relationship between two Houses worse. In Lord Stark situation, he has to protect his old friend, the King, from the Queen’s bad desires, and also he has to protect the downfall of the Kingdom. In the other hand, the Queen wants to dominate the Kingdom, gets rid the King, and makes her son to be a King. One day, the Queen and Joffrey are 47 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id having a private conversation in a room. They are talking about Starks and who their enemies are. SL/024/GOT/S.01/Eps.03/M.0,0:10:37.61,0:10:40.34: Joffrey Barateon : So you agree... The Starks are enemies? Cersei Lannister : Everyone who isn't us is an enemy. TL/024/GOT/S.01/Eps.03/M. 0,0:10:38.35,0:10:41.08: Joffrey Barateon : Jadi kau sependapat... Para Starks adalah musuh? Cersei Lannister : Setiap orang yang bukan kita adalah musuh. In the example number 02, the implicature expression is shown in the Cersei’s answer toward Joffrey question. Joffrey asks about agreement if the Starks family is an enemy to Cersei, the Queen. Cersei answers the Joffrey’s question not with “Yes. I agree” or “No, I disagree”. She chooses to answer the question with an expression containing an implicature. She says, “Everyone who isn't us is an enemy.” to reply Joffrey’s question. From the Cersei’s words, it can be seen that; First, Cersei wants to tell Joffrey that they are in the same fraction. Second, any person outside their faction will be considered as an enemy, no matter who they are and what House or family they belong to. In the Cersei’s sentence, it is considered as an implicature because it is flouting maxims. The maxim which is flouted in that sentence is maxim of quantity and maxim of relation. It is flouting maxim of quantity because Cersei is saying something which is more informative than it should be. Cersei also says something that the 48 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id topic is not related to the Jofrey question. Jofrey is asking about Starks family, but Cersei is talking about all the persons beside them. In example 02, there is strategy contained in it, that is Transfer strategy. Cersei’s answer, “Everyone who isn't us is an enemy.”, was translated into “Setiap orang yang bukan kita adalah musuh.” It can be seen that there is no changes in the sentence. There is not deletion and addition either. The structure in the source text is still maintained in target text by the translator. In the source text, Cersei’s answer is considered as an implicature because it is flouting maxims. After it is translated into Bahasa, the implicature expression inside Cersei’s answer does not change. It still contains the implicature because it is flouting maxims. The maxims flouted in the translation are maxim of quantity and maxim of relevance. b. Paraphrase The second single strategy in translating the subtitle of Game of Thrones Season 1-2 by the translator is paraphrase. There are 11 applications of this strategy in the subtitle. Paraphrase strategy is used when the subtitler does not use the same syntactical rules in subtitling the dialogue. It means that the structure of the subtitle of the source text changes in the target text in order to make it more understandable to the audience. 49 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id Example 01 : Situation : Jon is a new recruit in the Night Watch. Night Watch is a group of men who are guarding the north side of King Landing’s from the threats beyond the Wall. Night Watch has five persons in charge. One of them is Ser Alliser. Ser Alliser hates Jon Snow because Jon Snow does not obey what Ser Alliser is ordered, unlike the most new recruits. In one occassion, when there is a practice match between new recruits, Jon Snow is ordered to fight three of Ser Alliser’s men. Jon can win the match, but some hits are landing on him. After the match, one of new recruits with fat body, Tarly, is approaching Jon Snow. Tarly asks about Jon’s condition. SL/034/GOT/S.01/Eps.04/M. 0,0:09:06.19,0:09:07.92: Tarly : Did he hurt you? Jon Snow : I've had worse. TL/034/GOT/S.01/Eps.04/M.0,0:09:07.19,0:09:08.92: Tarly : Apa dia menyakitimu? Jon Snow : Aku baik-baik saja. In the example number 01, an implicature is contained in Jon Snow’s words. Jon Snow gives an answer to Tarly’s question about his condition. Tarly asks the question because he saw Jon Snow fought three of Ser Alliser men. Even though he can win the match, some of Ser Alliser’s men were landing on Jon Snow’s body. Tarly asks him with ”Did he hurt you?”, then Jon Snow replies with answer “I've had worse.”. The question from Tarly, actually can be answered with 50 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id only saying “Yes” or “No”. However, Jon Snow chooses to answer it using sentence contained with an implicature. From the Jon Snow’s answer, it can be seen that; First, Ser Alliser and his men did hurt Jon, but Jon is still alright. Second, it can be seen that Jon Snow did experience something which was more painful than what the men of Ser Alliser did. In the Jon Snow’s answer, there are two maxims which are flouted.