2376 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10 Rerum Novarum, which has been mak· Two private schools, Heredia, now op this small, energetic, and respected ing slow but steady · progress, the erating with 70 students equally divided neighbor and friend in Central CGTC has lost ground steadily during between carpentry, bench mechanics, Americar-Costa. Rica.. the past several years. electrical shop, and sheet metal and Third and least important is the Na• welding, and Desamparados, with 130 tional Workers Confederation-CNT students in 9 trades, have been converted formerly affiliated with the Argentine to national schools and are being ex Lamar, Colo., an AU-America City Atlas labor group. Its importance, ex panded with new buildings and equip· cept in two or three·unions in San Jose, ment. A new school at Golfito with 80 EXTENSION OF REMARKS is minimal. students has just been opened. A 7· OJ' Vocational education was started in year planned program includes combina October 1955 with a survey of the oper tion vocational-trades-and vocational HON. J. EDGAR CHENOWETH ating vocational institutions which con agriculture schools at San Isidro del OF COLORADO sisted of three private vocational schools General, Liberia, Limon, Puntarenas, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but no national vocational schools except and.Alajuela. a few small woodworking shops in high Fourteen teachers have been trained Tuesday, February 9, 1960 schools. . at the Vocational Normal School at Mr. CHENOWETH. Mr. Speaker, I A study of 7,444 industrial workers in Chosica, Peru, and are now teaching at was very pleased that the city of Lamar, the central plateau area revealed 55 per Heredia, Desamparados, and Golfito. Colo., was selected as an All-America. cent untrai~ed. 37 percent semitrained, Twelve additional teachers have been re City, and will receive one of the annual and only 8 percent trained, 119 had some cruited and trained here. The directors awards presented under the joint spon secondary education, 20 percent of those of all these schools have each had 1 sorship of the National Municipal graduating fro~ grade school did not year of training in the United States. League and Look magazine. enter .high school, and 80 percent of I want to congratulate Mayor Bow those entering high school did not All buildings and all but a minimum of man, the members of the city council, finish. demonstration equipment have been pro the officers and members of the cham A Department of Vocational Educa vided by the Costa Rican Government. ber of commerce, and all of the civic and tion was established in the Ministry of Space does not permit a more detailed community leaders in Lamar who made Education and at the present time two analysis and report, however, I recom it possible for Lamar to receive this rec U.S. technicians, a chief vocational ed mend as a. beginner in learning more ognition, which is so richly deserved. ucation adviser and a. teacher trainer, about our Latin neighbors a more ex I am sure that Lamar will continue to are providing U.S. consultation in this haustive reading of the political, tech grow and prosper, and I extend best department. nical, agricultural, and civic activities of wishes for the years ahead.
the Senate had passed without amend- The SPEAKER. Without objectio~. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment a bill and concurrent resolutions the resignation is accepted. of the House of the following titles: There was no objection. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1960 H.R. 8171. An act amending the act of Feb- The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ruary 20, 1931, as amended, with respect to a "rail transit crossing across the bay of San APPOINTMENT. OF MEMBERS TO The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, Francisco; STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE D.D., offered the ·following prayer: H. Con. Res. 449. Concurrent resolution to HOUSE print as a House document the publication I Kings 8: 57: The Lord our God be Mr. MILLS. Mr. Speaker, I offer with us, as He was with our fathers. "Facts on Communism-Volume 1, The Com a munist Ideology" and to provide for the privileged resolution
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2378 CONGRESSIONAL /RECORD-· HOUSE February 10
When the Congress appropriates fu~ds for One of the greatest services to the strength· However, it goes much further. It re~ specific military purposes, the COngress in· ening of o¢' Nation, would be to stop tinker quires the balancing of production with tends that those funds be expended for that Ing with the statutory organization of our purpose. · Defense Department. demand; it provides that the Secretary But for more than a decade, I a.m sorry to Ever since we won World War II, we have shall approve no program that would say, we have seen appropriated inilitary been constantly urged to junk our war involve a cost in excess of 5 percent of funds withhelc:l by Executive order. . proven Joint Chiefs of Staff system, and re the estimated value of the cost. This is If the executive can withhold the military place it with the superhigh command which far less than the amounts now being · funds provided in an appropriation act our enemies used, and which, because of its spent on most crops, but it would put all passed by the Congress and signed by the inflexibility, actually contributed to their of the money spent by the Government President, then he has in fact the power of own defeat. into the hands of producers rather than an item veto. · Every additional step that we take toward to pay export subsidies to foreign pur Neither the Constitution nor Congress has a single general staff is a move closer to m111- given the power of an item veto to the execu tary and political disaster. chasers or to pay storage bills to do tive branch of the Government. Yet it is, Commander Feldmann, I am always mestic warehouses. The bill recognizes in effect, being exercised by the withholding heartened to know that the Veterans of For the desirability of withdrawing seme of of funds earmarked for specific military· eign Wars stand for a strong Army, Navy, our cultivated land from production at purposes. Air Force, and Marine Corps. this time but rather than extending a In fact, during the past decade there has You veterans stand for unrelenting resist soil bank program which has admi-ttedly been an increasing disregard of the desires ance to communism at home and abroad. been subject to much abuse and which of the people, as expressed oy their Repre You veterans stand for those things that would :Probably be still further abused in sentatives in Congress, in. certain appro will keep America strong, and thus keep priated items for national defense. America free. an election year, it requires cooperators If this trend is not reversed now, then I · And so, Commander, in accepting this to contribute 10 percent of thelr tilled say to you that the time will have arrived award from you this eveniing, I do so with a acres to -a reserve as a condition to recei:v,. when the Congress must insist upon exer deep sense of hum1lity and sincere appre• ing the benefi.ts of the program. It allows cising its constitutional rights by establish ciation. a further contribution up to a total of ing manpower :floors on the size of the Armed But I also accept it with some regret. 40 percent with payment in kind for the Forces; enacting into law the composition I regret that our Nation has no award of &ufHciently great magnitude to bestow upon additional acres. The President haS of those forces; and insisting, by appropriate commended the payment-in-kind pro language, on the maintenance of those the ·veterans of ·Foreign Wars for the great forces. · and continuing service which your organiza gram although he vetoed it when it was Following World War n: drastic cuts tion has rendered to the cause of keeping submitted to him last year and the De· plunged our military manpower to 1,460,000 America strong and keeping America free. partment opposed it when it was first ~~. ' presented by our committee in the corn Thus our decreasing milltary strength en .and feed grain bill. I hope the President couraged Communist aggression in Korea. INTERPARLIAMENTARY UNION and the Department will now support Under the laSh of necessity we laboriously MEETING this effort to enable farmers to work out and expensively rebuilt our forces to a Mr. POAGE. Mr. Speaker, I ask a constructive program for each com.;. strength ·of 3,635,000 men. . unanimous consent to address the House modity which needs it. Following Korea, we have once again-in On Thursday the 18th, 1 week from. spite. of continuing Communist aggression for 1 minute. · followed a policy of manpower redUction. The SPEAKER. Is there ·objection tomorrow, the Secretary of Agriculture Since the end of World War II, we have to the request of the gentleman . from is again scheduled to appear before the followed every will-o'-the-wisp that seemed Texas? Committee on Agriculture. · It is the in.: to offer a more painless and bloodless means There was no objection. tention of many Members to discuss those of defending ourselves. Mr. POAGE. Mr. Speaker, I take this programs on this floor immediately after The atomic bombs were to replace divisions time to make two announcements: First, his appearance in extensions of remarks and eliminate the so-called old-fashioned the Interparliamentary Union will meet and during the special order program fighting man with a rifle. in the old Supreme Court Chamber on that afternooJL We invite all Members And then came Korea. next Tuesday at 9 a.m. All Members.are to be on the floor at that time. · When those battles ended, our casualties were high in ri:fiemen on whom fell the main invited. burden of the conflict. THE FARMERS' Bn.L OF RIGHTS FAMILY FARM INCOME Acr OF 1960 And then our policy was dominated by the Secondly, Mr. Speaker, I wish to. an slogan of massive retaliation. · nounce that a number of Members of the Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker I ask Again our manpower was reduced. We House have this afternoon introduced unanimous consent to ·extend ~Y re· were told that our ability to totally destroy what we might call a .farmers' bill of marks at this point in the RECORD. a large portion of the world eliminated, or The SPEAKER. Is there objection drastically reduced, the need for conventional rights to provide a farm program which will achieve all of the goals the President to the request of the gentleman ·from forces. South Dakota? But I trust that the actions in the For outlined in his message of yesterday, and mosa Straits arid Lebanon have written a achieve them at a minimum of .expense There was no objection. permanent obituary to the .unilateral doc to the taxpayers and with the maximum Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I am trine of massive retaliation. benefit to the farmers and consumers of today introducing comprehensive legis I am firmly convinced that 1! we are to this Nation. This bill allows farmers to lation designed to raise family farm in stand fast, from now and in the long years work with the Department of Agricul come while at the same time drastically of the East-West confl.ict that may lie ahead, ture in shaping new farm programs for reducing the cost to taxpayers of the ex we must have a stab111zed mil1ta.ry manpower policy. each commodity where the Secretary isting ineffective farm program. This We must get our military forces oft' the foresees a surplus. It requires such pro legislation, designated as the ·Family roller coaster which has taken them from grams to adjust production to the needed Farm Income Act of 1960, is being in necessity's peak to the budgeteer's valley. volume. It allows the use of any tools troduced by a number of Congressmen We must have stab111ty in the strength of except Government acquisition, by either from agricultural States, including the our m111tary establishment. lQan or purchase, of the commodities. distinguished vice chairman of the Com We must maintain our Armed Forces, In this way the bill brings a stop to fur mittee on Agriculture.. the gentleman throughout the Y,ears ahead, at a strength ther accumulation of surplus commodi from Texas [Mr. PoAGE]. that doesn't vary from year to year. ties in the hands of the Government. As Yesterday, the President challenged And just as we need stab111ty in our mill· I see it this accumulation of surpluses the Congress to move promptly to solve tary manpower, we also need sta.b111ty 1n the Defense Establishment itself. is the most inexcusable portion of our the mounting crisis in American agricul· We created the Department of Defense in present farm program. Today the stor ture. The administration offers no solu· 1947, and reorganized it 1n 1949. we re age of these surpluses is costing the Gov. tion to the problems of farmers and, in reorganized tlle Department of Defense in ernment more in 20 months than the en fact,· constructive action by the Congress 1953, and again in 1958. And now the atmo tire farm program cost during its first in the past to stabilize the agricultural sphere is full of rumors and the legislative 20 years. This bill would merit public econo·my has met with Presidential hopper is full of plans to again reorganize support if it did nothing other than yetoes. A recent case in point was the the Department of Defense. eliminate the surplus evil. White House veto last year of a co_mmon 1960 CONGRESSIONAL, RECOR1J- HOUSE 2379 sense wheat blll passed by the Congress merous instances the soil bank has ham feed the hungry both at home and which would have halted the buildup of pered l'llr'al communities in maintaining abroad, will reverse the depressed condi surplus wheat stocks, cut farm program their economic and social life. tion of American agriculture. The farm costs half a billion dollars; and protected Certainly the taxpayers have not bene problem is not insoluble. A nation that wheat farmers from ruinous prices. The fited from the Benson policies. During can devise complicated weapons of the measure also contained a provision for the past 7 years the public's investment space age can also devise formulas that reimbursing farmers by means of pay in surpluses held by the Commodity will enable young Americans to enter ments in the form of surplus Govern Credit Corporation has climbed from family farming as a way of life. ment wheat rather than cash. It was a $2.4 billion on January 1, 1953, to $9.5 There follows a brief analysis of the good piece of legislation designed with billion today. The present Secretary·has Family Farm Income Act of 1960. · the public interest in mind, but it was spent more money in his department in Title I, a general enabling act provid vetoed at the insistence of Secretary of 7 years than was spent in 90 years by the ing comprehensive farm price and in· Agriculture Benson. combined total of all other Secretaries of come stabilization and market sup If one reads between the lines of the Agriculture. ply adjustment. · ';['obacco, sugar beets, President's farm message yesterday, he It is not enough, however, for us to rec sugarcane, and wool, which now have must conclude that the administration ognize the disastrous failure of the ad workable programs, are exempt from the is admitting the failure of its own farm ministration farm policies. Congress bill. Part I of title I extends the mar policies in recent years. That failure is must continue to legislate strong farm keting order provisions of the Agricul painfully highlighted by the following programs regardless of the veto threat. tural Marketing Act of 1937 to additional developments during the 7-year period This is the spirit in which a group of marketing functions and commodities. covered by Mr. Benson's administration Democratic Members of Congress have Part II of title I provides for, first, each of our farm programs: been meeting since the opening of Con commodity group to vote for quotas or Net farm income has dropped from gress. We have worked long hours on a adjustment measures on production and $15.3 billion in 1952 to $10.3 billion in comprehensive agricultural program marketing of their commodity provided: 1959. ' which we believe will restore family the national quota shall not be inore Even in 1952, farm per capita income farming as a satisfying and profitable than neded to supply domestic and for was only half that of city residents, but way of life. We believe that the program eign consumption and leave a reasonable during the past 7 years, the income gap we introduce today will strongly appeal carryover, This was a study made by Charles A. Cool THE UNOFFICIAL~ PARLIAME:r,lTAicr-LEvEL EAST• Italy: R. Lombardi (PSI), Chairman of the idge, a Boston. lawyer, whom President Eisen WEST ROUNDTABLE MEETING FROM F'EBRU• Co.mmlttee for International Relations of the hower appointed last July 29 to head a study ARY 2 TO 4, INCLUSIVE, AT WESTMINS'l'EKPAL• PSI: P. Vittorelll, Secretary of the Commit of "comprehensive and partial measures of ACE, IN ONE OJ' THE COMMITTEE RooMS o:r tee for International Relations of the PSI; arms control and ~:edu(:tlon which, 1! inter THE HOUSE OF ·COMMONS U. Bartesaght, a leftwing Catholic independ nationally agreed, would contribl,lte to the This East-West roundtable meeting, .or ent deputy; 1n addition, two Christian Demo achievement of U.S. national securlty objec":' "foothills conference~" is the third of a crats. one a Senator and the other the mayor tives." series. The first, which was exploratory and of a large city, have been 1nvited. ' Completed early ln January, the report, experimental, was held in Brussels last April; German Federal· RepubUc: Social DemO.:. which has not been published, suggested gen the second, .also in the Palace of Westminster, . crats: Philip WehT, deputy; two other depu eral lines of approach and principles but no last July. . . ties, high up in the party. have been In fully worked out program. . The initiative in convening these meetings vited. Free Democrats and CDU: One depu ty According to reliable informants, the re was taken by two veteran Soclal Democrats~ each from these parties has been invited. port suggested that the United States base Senator G. Branting, of Sweden; and Sen Independents: Pastor Heinz Kloppenburg its approach on reduction of conventional ator H. Rolin, of Belgium. But their initia and Pastor Mochalski, two Evangelical clergy forces-where the Soviet Union has the tive coincided with a similar initiative taken men, active and courageous and natlonal!ly lead-and on prevention of surprise attack. by :a group of British Labour Members of known in the fight ag~lnst miUtarlsm, na This stirred immediate misgivings in the Parliament culminating in the visit to Brit zism, and the cold war, a:nd for peace and Defense Department on the ground that the ain and ]oint discussions with · their hosts international understanding. Count ot United States has already made all the .man of a group of Soviet Members of Parliament Westphalia ·and Manfred Pahl-Rugenstein, power reductions that are possible. headed by A. M. Suslov. respectively publisher and editor of the Ub In the State Department lt was felt that eral foreign affairs review Blaetter fuer the surprise attack approach had already PURPOSE Deutsche und lnternationale Polltik. been tried with poor results, 1n a Geneva The purpose of these gatherings is to bring German Democratic Republic: Adolf De conference, together, on .an unofficial but responsible ter, deputy; Mrs. Ml.Uy Haahl, deputy; Prof. level, public personalities, mostly members Joseph Schllefstein, deputy, and deputy dean ZONE WE~ HELD REVIVED or ex-members of the legislatures of their of Leipz:g University. According to some informants, the report countries~ from NATO, uncommitted, and Belgium: Senator Henri Rolin; at least also recommended con·slderation of a zone Warsaw Alliance states, including the Soviet two others. of contralled disarmament ln Europe. Union, the United states. and Britain, but Bulgaria: George Karaslavo1f, member of Revival of· this idea has aroused concern predominantly from the European Continent, the Presidium of National Assembly, secre among both French and West German diplo.. to discuss the burning topics of disarma tary of Writers' Union. mats. They fear that a small 'Zone of this ment and the organization of pea<:e, with the Czechoslovakia: Dr. Plojhar. deputy. Min kind centered :on Germany woUld revive related issues of polltical ·settlements and ister of Health; .Mr. Hoffmeister, deputy, neutralist sentiment there. A larger zone ex economic cooperation. Everyone present, writer. tending !r!Qm the Atlanttc to the Urals would however, will be coming in a personal capac Denmark: We are boping for .a well.,known never be accepted by the Soviet Union, they Ity and uttering his personal oplntons, with Danish Liberal deputy. bellev.e. no claim to represent anything or anyone Greece~ Ex-Minister Leon Maccas (retired State and Defense Department officials, else. · Venezelist) . therefore, have started from scratch in work- The last r-oundtable meeting was of opln· Hungary: Laszlo Guy, Director of the Eco Ing out a new program. · ton th·at "it w0uld be highly desirable to nomlc Institute at th.e Academy a{ Science A highly placed State Department official hold a further meeting with a wider, more in Budapest. said today that the program was almost politically representative participation to Norway: Mr.. Finn Moe, Chairman of the r-e.ady to be submitted to Presid.ent Eisen continue the discussion on East-W-est rela Foreign Affairs Commission of the Norwegian hower for .approval. Meanwhile, he asserted, tions." . Parliament (Norwegian Labor Party). Mr. Eaton would have '"plenty to talk about" ATTENDANCE Rumania: Mr. J. Pass, president of Radio to the disarmament conference. The :following list will show how far the Committee, member of Nation.al Council of The · official predicted a "'fresh approach'" preparatory committee has been able to give Peace: Mr.. George Ivascu, university profes that would retaiD th.e central principles of sor, chief editor of Contemporandul, vice past Western programs--balanced reduction effect to this desire for more widely based participation. It is not yet complete and president of Union of .Journalists. of conventional and 'llUclear armaments .and final. But all those whose names are on it Poland: Prof. Oska.r. Lange, deputy 1nternational control. have either confirmed that they are coming, • chairman of the council of .state of the '!'he British program remains as. IOUtllned or have been invited because we were in Polish People's Republic; Prof. Dr. Sta.nislaY by Fol'eign Secretary Selwyn Lloyd at the formed they would accept an invitation, but Kulczynski, deputy chairman of the :councll United Nations last September. He offered a of state of tb.e P.olish People's Republic. three-stage plan beginning with · a ban on have not yet replied. · United States: Mr. Stewart Meach-am, Sweden: Senator Georg Branting (SD)~ nuclear tests and a technical conference .on Senator Bengtsson .(Agrarian Party). the feasibility 'Of controlling a ban on the use Director of the International Affairs Bureau of the American Friends' Service Committee; Yugoslavia: Mladen Ivekovic, president of of fissionable material to make weapons. the federal :assembly; .Milan Vltorovic, secre These steps would .be combined with an effort· U.S. Congressman, the Honorable Charles 0. Porter, Representative at large of the tary of the League for Peace, Freedom, and to . 'Set limits to conventional armaments. National Independence; .Janez Stanovnik, The French are meanwhile emphasizing the State of Oregon; p,rof. J; Orear, head of the importance of controlling pr.oductlon and the Laboratory of Nuclear 'Studies, Cornell Uni deputy director of the Yugosla-v Institute for versity; Mr. George Kirstein, publisher of World Economy and Foreign Policy. "means of delivery" of nuclear weapons. As their experts see it, no amount of interna The Nation:; Mrs. .Janet Ktrstein, ·social ORGANIZA'l'ION tional control w11l ·ever suffice to keep tabs on worker and writer; "and Miss Betty Royon, director of the PugWash Secretariat. (a) Expenses: The expenses of the con stockpiles of nuclear weapons because they ference .are being shared 50-50 between the can be too easily hidden. But missile U.S.S.R.: Dr. A. Ar.rumanian, director of Western .and Eastern organizers of the meet launching platforms cannot be so ea.Slly hid the Institute for World Economy and Inter ing.. Most .of the· Western money is being den, nor can factories making fl:ssionable ma national Relations, member of the Supreme raised 1n Britain, BOme of it tn the States, terials and weapons, ·the French believe. Soviet, and of the 'Central Comm1ttee of the and some of 1t by those attending, in the Efforts to reduce conventional armaments party; Mr. nya Ehrenburg, memb-er of the sense that they undertake to pay their own are less urgent, as the French see it, because Supreme Soviet; Mr. Alexander Komeichuk, ti:ckets and/or hotel expenses. both Eastern and Western powers are ln fact playwright and member of the Supreme Soviet; Dr. Modest Rubenstein, economist. In exceptional 'Cases the invitation may making such reductions. . cover only the latter and not fares. But Canada~ Right Hon. Milton P. Gregg, VC, except where otherwtse specified an invita GENEVA TALK STILL SNAGGED CBE, Liberal ex-Cabinet Minister. tion to the «:onferen-ce .<: By Mr. RUTHERFORD: By Mr. HOGAN: ume and co~ts of ..maintaining Commodity H.R. 10352. A bill authorizing the estab H.R. 10360. A blll to reduce the cost to the Credit Corporation stocks, to provide for dis lishment of a national historic site at Old U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta.;. tribution to needy people and public insti Fort Davis, near the town of Fort Davis, Jeff biltzation programs, to provide means by tutions of additional needed high protein Davis County, Tex.; to the Committee on which producers may balance supply with foods, to preserve and improve the status Interior and Insular Affairs. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume of the family farm through gieater bargain By Mr. TELLER: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit ing power, and for other purposes; to the H.R. 10353. A bill to adjust the rates of Corporation stoCks, to provide for distribu Committee on Agrfculture. basic compensation of certain officers and tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. ULLMAN: employees of the Federal Government, and of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10367. A b111 to reduce the cost to the for other purposes; to the Committee on Post preserve and improve the status of the family U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta Office and Civil Service. farm through greater bargaining power, and bilization programs, to provide means by By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: for other purposes; to the Committee on Agri- which producers may balance supply with H.R.10354. A bill to amend the Interstate culture. · . demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume Commerce Act, as amended, so as to By Mr. JOHNSON of Wisconsin: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit strengthen and improve the national trans H.R. 10361. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu portation system, insure the protection of U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions the public interest, and for other purposes; bilization, programs, to provide· means by of additional needed high protein foods, to to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family Commerce. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and By Mr. POAGE: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 10355. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. U.S. Treasury of farm price and income tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado: stabilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10368. A bill to reduce the cost to which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family the U.S. Treasury of farm price and income demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and stabilization programs, to provide means and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on Agri by which producers may balance supply with Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu culture. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume tion to needy people. and public institutions By Mr. LEVERING: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10362. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu preserve and improve the status of the family U.s. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions farm through greater bargaining power, and bilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to for other purposes; to the Committee on which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family Agriculture. · demand as a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and By Mr. ALBERT: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 10356. A bill to reduce the cost to Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agricui.ture. the U.S. Treasury of farm price and income tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. CLEM MILLER: stabilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10369. A b111 to reduce the cost to which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family the U.S. Treasury of farm price and income demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and stabilization programs, to provide means by and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on which producers may balance supply with Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. McGOVERN: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R 10363. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu preserve and improve the status of the family U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions farm through greater bargaining power, and bilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to for other purposes; to the Committee on which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family Agriculture. demand as a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and By Mr. ANDERSON of Montana: . and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 10357. A bill to reduce the· cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. WOLF: bilization programs, to provide · means by of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10370. A bill to reduce the cost to the which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the fam U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume ily farm through greater bargaining power, bilization programs, to provide means by and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit and for other purposes; to the Committee which producers may balance supply with Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu on Agriculture. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume tion to needy people and public institutions By Mrs. PFOST: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10364. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu preserve and improve the status of the family U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions farm through greater bargaining power, and bilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to for other purposes; to the Committee on Agri which producers may balance supply with de preserve and improve the status of the family culture. mand at a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and By Mr. BURDICK: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 10358. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. TEAGUE of California: bilization programs, to provide means by of additional needed high protein foods, to H. Con. Res. 588. Concurrent resolution which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the fam expressing the sense o! Congress in regard demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume ily farm through greater bargaining power, to United Nations Charter revision, and for and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit and for other purposes; to the Co:tnmittee on other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. Affairs. tion to needy people and public institutions ByMr.SISK: By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: of additiona-l needed high protein foods, to H.R.l0365. A bill to reduce the cost to the preserve and improve the status of the family U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta H. Con. Res. 589. Concurrent resolution ex farm through greater bargaining power, and bilization programs, to provide means by pressing the sense of the Congress. that the for other purposes; to the Committee on Agri which producers may balance supply with U.S. moratorium on the testing of nuclear culture. demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume weapons shall be continued; to the Commit ByMr.COAD: and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit tee on Foreign Affairs. H.R. 10359. A bill to reduce the cost to the Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu U.S. Treasury of farm price and fucome sta tion to needy people and public institutions bilization programs, to provide means by of additiona-l needed high protein foods, to PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS which producers may balance supply with preserve and improve the status of the family Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private demand at a fair price, to reduce the volume farm through greater bargaining power, and bills and resolutions we_re introduced and and costs of maintaining Commodity Credit for other . purposes; to the Committee on severally referred as· follows: Corporation stocks, to provide for distribu Agriculture. tion to needy people and public institutions By Mr. SMITH of Iowa: By Mr. BATES: of additional needed high protein foods, to H.R. 10366. A bill to reduce the cost to the H.R. 10371. A b111 for the relief of Helena preserve and improve the status of the family U.S. Treasury of farm price and income sta Burzec; to the Committee on the Judiciary. farm through greater bargaining power, and b111zation programs, to provide means by By Mr. FRIEDEL: for o1iher purposes: to the Committee on Agri which producers may balance supply with H.R. 10372. A bill for the rellef of David culture• .. demand at a fair price, to reduce the vol-. Kletter; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· · .HOUSE 2393 . By, Mrs. GRANAHAN: . . By Mr. LINDSAY: - ByMr.METCALF: · -H.R. 10873. A bill providing for the award H.R. 10375. A blll for the relief of Wing H.R. ~0377. A b111 directing the Secretary of the Congressional Medal of Honor to Dr. Sien Fong; to the Committee on the J'ud.ici-. of the Army to convey to the Western Mon Thomas Dooley; to the Committee on Armed ary. tana Youth Guidance Center, Inc., Missoula, Services. Mont., certain property comprising a part of By Mr. LIBONATI: H.R. 10376. A blll for the relief of Adolf .B. Fort Missoula, Missoula, Mont.; to the Com H.R. 10374. A bill for the relief of Zblg.nlew Jochnlck; to the Committee. on the Judici mittee on Armed services. Bujno; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ary. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Boy Scouts of America Since that time the Boy Scouts' usual mously passed, by a vote of 392 to 0, a cooperation with public authorities in resolution expressing the profound EXTENSION OF' REMARKS :flood, earthquake, hurricane, and other sense of indignation and shock felt by disaster relief has been widely reported Congress at the recent acts of desecra .011' and acclaimed. tion of synagogues and other places of HON. DANTE B. FASCELL Among other noteworthy Boy Scout worship. OF FLORIDA efforts was their get-out-the-vote cam I am proud to have joined with a num IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES paign in 1952 . . That year the .Scouts dis ber of my colleagues in the introduction tributed more than 1 million posters and of this resolution. On February 1, 1960, Wednesday, February 10, 1960 30 million Liberty Bell doorknob posters. I expressed the .reasons for my strong Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker. as we It is interestirig to observe that there was support of action by Congress to condemn all know, this is Boy Scout Week. It also a Tecordbreaking 60 million turnout of these ugly acts of desecration. marks the 50th anniversary of the Boy votes that November. We in America must demonstrate to Scouts of America. It is therefore fitting As evidence of the widespread accept the peoples of the world by word and that we Americans join in paying tribute ance of the Boy Scout organization as an deed our prOfound belief in religious lib· to Boy Scouts everywhere, and to the integral part of our community is the fact erty and our profound hostility to reli· men -and women who have so selflessly that over '70,000 of America's greatest in gious. bigotry. · dedicated themselves toward the ad- stitutions activ..ely support it. Churches, vancement and betterment of America's civic, and veterans groups, management youth by serving as scoutmasters, den and labor, and educational and fraternal mothers, unit leaders, and committee o.rg.anizations contribute ·to the spiritual Birthday of Thaddeus Kosciusko members. and cultural growth of the organization. The Boy Scout organization has come Equally attesting to the influence and EXTENSI-ON OF REMARKS a long way since its inception 50 years the high esteem in which the Boy Scouts OF ago when it was incqrporated February are held is their tremendous growth dur a, 1910, under the laws .of the District ing the past half century. In 1920 for HON. DANIEL D. ROSTENKOWSKI of Columbia. · To mark the immediate instance, only 10 years after its concep- · OJ' ILLINOIS recognition of the importance of this bold tion, the Boy Scouts already had a mem . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES concept, that same year President Taft bership of 478,528. By 1958 there was a Wednesday, Februar1110, 1960 accepted the office {)f honorary president, total of 4,950,885 active adult leaders and and Theodore Roosevelt honorary vice Boy Scout members. Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, · president. During the following year the The goals and achie-vements of the Boy Qn Friday, Februa.ry 12, we observe the membership grew to 61,495 Scouts and Scouts are unquestionably of invaluable anniversary of the birth ()f Thaddeus Scouters. worth to the future welfare of America. Kosciusko, an outstanding hero whose The Scouts can well look back in pride Of utmost importance to all of us is the belief of liberty and justice for all man on its work in behalf of our country dur- Boy' scouts' goal aimed at furthering in kind carried him to two continents to ing· times of stress. In 1917 the Scouts ternational friendships. Certainly, in fight for these rights. He played an im rendered nationwide first aid service in ternational cooperation is uppermost in portant part. in creating our right to the influenza epidemic. Exceptional all our minds in our relations with other stand in these Chambers and express the service was rendered by the Boy Scouts countries. It is therefore gratifying to will of the people of our great country in in 1927 in the Mississippi and Vermont know that these youngsters, at ages from deciding our own fate and future. flood disasters and the St. Louis tornado. eight through their-teens, are actively Our c.ountry is made up of people of· In 1934, during the worst depression the working toward this .goal. every conceivable nationality who have world has ever known, in response to the The Boy Scouts' overall basic prin united for one purpose-life, liberty and request of President Roosevelt in a radio ciples, their motto ''For God and My the pursuit of happiness. We, of Polish address, Boy S~ou~s perfon:ned a national Country," are indeed commendable. May descent, are proud of Kosciusko for he good. tll!n, collectmg dothmg, hou.sehold their ranks continue to grow and may played an important part in our war of furm~hmgs, foodstuffs, and supplies for · they continue in their successful devel- independence. He borrowed money to the distressed and needy. opment of America's future leaders. come to America to offer his services to In 1941 the Government requested Boy the struggling Colonies. As a student of Scout service in such ways as distribu.. . engineering and artillery, his choice of · tion of defense bonds and stamp posters; battlefields and erection of fortifications collection of aluminum, wastepaper col- - Acts .of De~ecration ·of Synagogues and contributed greatly to the brilliant vic- . lection, defen8·e housing surveys; victory tory of our forces at Saratoga. He was gardens; distribution of air-raid posters; Other Places of Worship · among, the first of the- Continentals to cooperation with the Red Cross; and by enter Charleston after its evacuation by joint agreement with·the Office of Civil EXTENSION ·OF REMARKS the British. His success as a leader of ian Defense, Scouts served as messengers, OF men earned him the rank of brigadier assisted emergency medical units,. and general in 1783. - acted as fire watchers. HON. JOHN BRADEMAS Having· .served our country brilliant_ly The following . year the Scouts con- 011' INDIANA in gaining o-ur independence, he was not tinued in their war service. At the re- IN THE ~OUSE o~ ~~SENTATIVES content to relax and enjoy the fruits of quest of the Government, the Boy Scouts w ~ ~ F b 10 1960 victory. This . burning desire for free collected 30 : mJllion. ·pounds of . rubber-· ·- eu-nesu-ay, e ruaT'/1 • dom of all men carried him back to his . salvage in a 2-week whirlwind-drive. The ~. .~R:ADEM.As : Mr. SPeak~r. I am native Poland to :CatTY on the fight for Scouts' service continued throughout. the deeJ>lY gratified that on February 2, 1960, freedom there; - For·more than 20 years· · remainder of the war. · ·. the House of Representatives unani- · he continued his valiant but unsuccessful 2394 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10 efforts for the independence of Poland. washington, I have·cooperated and done farm will disappear, a victim of indus He died in exile in Switzerland in 1817. everything possible to be of assistance. trial-controlled vertical integration, His name will live forever and will It is my true feeling that t_his .should be factory farming or some other form of remain a symbol for the oppressed people a nonpartisan project for it will benefit rationalized or collectivized agricultural of Poland today. It is fitting that today, all the people in Buffalo and the sur production. Americans of all rank and creed sol rounding area. Yesterday, the Congress received a emnly observe the anniversary of his One of our principal postal facilities in farm message from the executive branch. birth and do homage to his memory. Buffalo is being rented at a high rental This message was in two parts: Part 1 cost. The landlord will not renovate or was a reiteration of the recommenda repair the building. If the health in tions made by Secretary Benson, which spectors made a thorough inspection, experience has proven to be wrong, and The Buffalo Post Office Project they would find· it should be condemned. which repeated hearings before our Com The amount spent here for rent could be mittee on Agriculture have shown to be EXTENSION OF REMARKS saved and used for new equipment. completely devoid of any constructive OF In a letter to me, dated as late as solution of the major aspects of the farm December 21, 1959, the Deputy Assistant income problem. The proposals which HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI Postmaster General, Mr. Rollin D. Bar were yesterday reiterated have already OF NEW YORK nard, wrote as follows: been found in practice to have adverse IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We appreciate your expressions concerning results and the reports prepared for the the need for improved facilities in that city Senate Committee on Agriculture and Wednesday, February 10, 1960. [Buffalo]. The Department has been aware Forestry by the Department of Agricul Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I want to of this need for some time. ture in Senate Document No. 77 say these call to the attention of the House the In several letters to the Postmaster would be the results of future applica high-handed procedure that a member General, I pointed out to him the dilapi tion of such policies: continued increase of the President's Cabinet is following in dated condition of the present facilities in farm production; continued piling up attempting to railroad through this Con- and the outmoded and antiquated equip of surpluses in Government ownership; gress his request for funds in the 1961 ment. I repeat that if Benjamin Frank continued fall in farmers' income, and a budget. I refer to the Post Office De- lin could return and take a walk through contin\led increase in the middleman's partment's request for $80 million for our post office, he would see some of his share of the consumers' food dollar. post office modernization in fiscal 1961. very own inventions. The second part of the farm message Here is a little background: About 3 Congressman PILLION, who is highly from the executive branch was more years ago the Post Office Department de- regarded among his colleagues on the reasonable. The second part of the mes cided to proceed promptly with plans for Appropriations Committee, has been out sage indicated a willingness on the part a new working post office at Buffalo, spoken in his efforts to obtain economy of the Executive to work with Congress N.Y. There were two false starts, but in government, and I am sure the Post to bring about an acceptable solution to finally the Department acquired an ac- master General is well aware of this fact. these problems. The message said that ceptable site near Central Terminal. With this in mind, the Postmaster Gen- the timeworn recommendations were The next step is to obtain architec- eral is playing the game of cat and preferred, but that alternative courses tural and engineering plans. Despite re- mouse, and is saying, in effect, if you would be considered and not turned peated inquiries, the Department gives want to see a post office constructed in down out of hand. little satisfaction as to the schedule for Buffalo, then do not cut any of our ap In the spirit of this second and more this Buffalo project. propriation requests for post office equip- reasonable part of the farm message, I Now, we are learning why the Depart- ment and modernization. am today, in company with a large num ment has been so indefinite, Indeed, I wish to state now that if funds are ber of colleagues, on and off the Com Buffalo stands to suffer a great disa.p- not included in the Department's appro mittee on Agriculture, proposing for con pointment in a few days-the revelation priation bill for our post office, as ap sideration, an alternative course, that that there will be no funds in the 1961 pears inevitable, I will ask the coopera will in our opinion raise not lower farm budget for equipping the proposed tion of the committee for an amendment income, reduce not increase the Govern ~uffalo post ?ffi~e. . ~nd i~ there is . no to the bill which would earmark at least ment cost of the farm program, .and re money to eqmp 1t, 1t lS logical to expect $3 million for equipping the new post duce not increase the quantity of farm that the const;uction schedule will be _ omce in Buffalo. commodities in Commodity Credit Cor delayed accordmgly. poration inventories. Two weeks ago, I publicly stated that The bill we are introducing today the Postmaster General was playing poli meets the President halfway on his pro tics with the Buffalo Post Office project. Family Farm Income Act of 1960 posed alternative course. It provides Now the proof is out. means whereby farmers can make real In submitting his budget to the House EXTENSION OF REM~KS istic choices commodity by commodity Appropriations Committee, the Post OF whether they wish to adopt the no-con master General has juggled the positions trols-low-supports approach favored by of projects in each section of the coun HON. EARL HOGAN the executive branch or whether they try in the hope of insuring that not one OF INDIANA wish somewhat more nearly adequate penny will be cut from his request for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES income stabilization levels and are will equipment and modernization funds. ing to accept the self -discipline required Whereas recently Buffalo was ranked Wednesday, F~bruary 10, 1960 to balance supply with demand at such fifth in priority, now the Postmaster has Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, the begin stabilization levels. placed Buffalo second from the bottom ning and foundation of free enterprise Title I of the bill, ''Balancing Supply of the list-17th among 19 projects. in this country, and indeed of the whole With Demand at a Fair Price" gives pro By juggling the positions and knowing concept of democratic representative ducers of each different commodity a that one of the Congressmen from our government in America, was the family choice, first whether they wish to solve area is a member of the powerful Sub farm system of agriculture. Family the problems of their commodity by committee on Post omce Appropriations, farming has continued throughout our means of nationwide marketing orders the Postmaster General has placed Buf history to be one of the major bulwarks similar to the orders in successful use falo in the lowest priority category to of democratic government. and our now for many commodities, or alterna accomplish his deal. This maneuvering American way of life. The· basic ideals tively they want to make use of some on his part has led me to the opinion of freedom, liberty, and self-reliance other type of commodity market stabili that Mr. Summerfield is blackmailing the that characterize the warp and woof zation procedure for their commodity. committee. of our social values and our competitive Part I, "Nationwide Marketing Or No one has done more than Congress free enterprise system had their roots ders," amends, as did the bill I intro man PILLION in getting the ball rolling in the American family tarm system. duced last spring, the Agricultural Mar for .the eventual construction of a new Many observers ·feel that if the trends keting Act of 1937 in several ways to in post office in our city. Since coming to of the past 7 years continue, the family crease the commodity coverage of the 1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE 2395 act and to improve its authorizations in However, if two-thirds of the pro and needy people. · For each approxi other ways. Eligibility to make use of ducers who vote favor the proposed new mately $2 value -of such high protein marketing orders would be_extended to program, it shall be placed into operation foods so distributed, the Secretary would the producers of all commodities and by the Secretary, except that if it calls be authorized to sell $1 in value of Com thus they would take this load com for expenditures from the Federal Treas modity Credit Corporation stocks of feed pletely off the Government and carry ury of more than $20 million per year, the grains. out the complete program for their com program must be submitted, through the Title III of the bill, and again, this is modity on a self-help basis through an President, to Congress for review. The substantially the same proposal which administrative board elected by produc proposed program would be submitted to I submitted to the Congress last May 18, ers to operate the order. This part of the Vice President, who would refer it to would carry out the recommendation in the bill would authorize national, as well the Committee on Agriculture and the farm message of the executive as regional, marketing orders. Forestry of the Senate, and to the branch to take out of surplus commercial Part II of the bill, "National Commodi Speaker of the House of Representatives, production up to 60 million acres of ty Stabilization Program" provides for who would refer it to the Committee on farmland and devote it to soil building the orderly termination of all of the price Agriculture. practices. The provisions of this title support and acreage allotment legisla If either such committee rejected the would allow the discredited Soil Bank tion now on the books, except for tobac proposed program by resolution within Act to remain expired, as it did on De co, sugar beets, sugarcane, and wool. 90 days, it would not be placed into effect. cember 31, 1959, and would not bring it In the place of existing programs, the Sections 155 and 156 established the to life or extend it. Secretary of Agriculture would be di standards or yardsticks by which the pro Instead, the bill that is being intro rected to work with producer-elected ducer commodity committees, the Secre duced today would expand and imple committees of producers of the different tary of Agriculture, and the Agriculture ment the soil conservation program commodities to develop workable pro Committees of Congress must be guided established under the Soil Conservation grams at considerably less cost to the in the development and approval of pro and Domestic Allotment Act of 1937: Government than existing programs. posed programs. The new program would be a part of, Section 151 of the bill directs the Sec The standards or yardsticks are: and an expansion of, the time proven retary to initiate the use of a fair-price First. Each such program must pro ACP program approved and utilized by concept based upon the definition in the vide for a means to balance market sup almost every farmer in the land over the Agricultural 4dustment Act of 1938. ply with demand at a fair price, while past 23 years. Section 152 requires the Secretary of bringing about a reduction of at least 10 Under the program proposed in the Agriculture to establish a farm com percent of the Government inventory of bill, each participating farmer would modity program development committee the commodity each year. The needs of contribute, without rental payments, not for each commodity of importance where each commodity for special domestic wel less than 10 percent of his tillable acres the supply exceeds the demand at a fair fare food utilization programs and spe to a "producers' contributed acreage" of price, if the commodity is not already cial exports would be included, as well as the national soil building base. serviced by a nationwide marketing or regular commercial dollar demand re In addition to the producers contrib der under part I of the bill. This com quirements; uted acreage, each producer could place mittee would be made up only of pro Second. Establish means for adjusting an additional acreage up to not more ducers of the particular commodity and such quotas or goals among States, than 30 percent of his tillable land into would be elected by secret ballot by the counties, and individual farms; the soil building base and receive pay producers of that commodity. . _ Third. Utilize as necessary a diversi ments in kind equal to two-thirds of the The bill requires that the commit fied kit of income stabilization tools in annual production as rental. tee be set up in a manner that will give workable combinations to meet the fair This proposal would meet the major appropriate regional representation to price objective. However, no method of recommendations in the farm message all production areas ·of the commodity, income stabilization could be used that but would avoid some of the major de with one commodity committee member would result in the acquisition or storage fectS that have shown up in the soil from each production area of equal size by Government of any agricultural com bank program. With producers making in terms of production and sales of the modities. Each such program must :be ·a partial contribution to the program in commodity. designed to operate at an annual net acres. the cost should be greatly reduced; Section 153 provides that each such cost to the Government of not more by not' allowing any farmer to put more commodity committee shall, with such than 5 percent of the gross sales of the than a total of 40 percent of his land into help as the Secretary shall provide, de commodity. This would place a very/ the soil building base, the adverse situa velop a workable income and supply strict limit upon Government costs, tions developing from the so-called stabilization program fQr that com much lower than has been expended on whole farm approach would be avoided. modity in accordance with the stand many commodities in each of the past Title IV of the bill outlines the legis ards specified in the following sections 7 years: Moreover, any payments or lative findings that orderly nationwi_de of the bill. When the committee has de benefits under the act would be limited market stabilization and supply control to not more than $5,000 to any one farm veloped a program for the commodity in measures are ~equired to maintain volved, they are required to recommend family in any one year. orderly conditions of interstate com · it for adoption to the Secretary of Section 157 of the bill requires that merce in agricultural commodities. Agriculture. groups of closely related commodities, Whenever one of the commodity com such as feed grains, be combined into a mittees recommend such a program to single program and considered as an in· the Secretary he is authorized and di dividual commodity. · Cancer: Ene~y on the Run rected to study it carefully to determine The Commodity Credit Corporation if the recommended program is consist resale price wouid be set at the equiva EXTENSION OF REMARKS ent with the standards and yardsticks set lent of the fair price rather than at 5 up in the bill and if it is a feasible appli percent above the support price as pro OF cation of such standards and yardsticks. vided in existing law. HON. HERMAN TOLL If he determines that these requirements All provisions of the bill, if enacted, OF PENNSYLVANIA are met, the Secretary shall then submit would terminate on December 31, 1965. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the proposed program to a referendum of Title II of the bill would institute a the producers of the . commodity. All new welfare type food distribution pro Wednesday, February 10, 1960 commercial producers of the commodity gram, aimed specifically at the high pro Mr. TOLL. Mr. Speaker, it was my with annual sales above $500 would be tein foods such as meat, milk, and eggs. privilege to speak before the Cancer eligible to vote in the referendum. · The Secretary would be directed to take League of Philadelphia last Thursday If two-thirds of the producers voting from.stocks of Comodity Credit Corpora evening, February 4, 1960, in the Phillip in the referendum do not favor-the pro tion or to buy on the open market $500 Scherr Auditorium of the Albert Ein posed program, the existing program million per year of such foods for distri~ stein Medical Center, northern division. under existing law stays in effect. bution to schools, public institutions, The Cancer League iS doing a tremendou~ 2396 (:Olt{GRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10 job in fighting cancer in the city of cer 1n the 14-storyelinical center. Studies in our efforts still further. We still spend more Philadelphia. The work which it has .biochemistry, - chemic.al pharmacology, en- . on cigarettes, liquor, radio and television re docrino1ogy, pathology. environmental, can pairs, and even chewing gum, than we do on done in supplying Philadelphia hospita.ls cer.- radiation therapy. clinical cancer, and cancer. with · equipment for the detection and biostatistics are being carried on simultane Senator NEUBERGER's description of his re treatment of cancer has been a signifi ously-all with one aim: to vanquish this actions to his disease are moving indeed. He cant contribution in the fight ~ainst disease enemy. states: "I can tell you that the cancer victim this enemy. :rvzy remarks before the Perhaps you wm be as interested as I .is frequently the loneliest person in the .league were as follows: was to learn that more than twice as much world. He feels that nothing can help him. money is spent on grants to scientists in Friends, family, doctors. associates, all seem CANCER: ENEMY ON THE RuN non-Federal institutions, with no direction, without power to check the malignant "Progress in Fight on Cancer Is Reported supervision. or interference on the part of growth that perils hls life. He wishes, des by .Institute Here,.. "'Researcher Suggests the Institute, as is spent on National Cancer perately and profoundly, for some miracu Anticancer Tactics," "Significant Changes Institute research. Surely this is in keeping lous cure Which Will bring a reprieve." in Cells Detected 1n Cancer Patients.'' with our bellef in the importance of the in· He continues with words which can serve Nea:rly every day reports like these, appear tellectual freedom of the scientist. It is also as a campaign cry for all of us: "As a cancer ing in newspapers, magazines, and medical an incentive for institutions throughout the patient, I want to help others who have suf journals, revitalize our efforts in the fight country to expand their research activities, fered or who· may suffer this disease. I want against cancer. We sense we are on the and to look into hidden cor~ers previously to encourage them and their famil1es as I brink of a wonderful discovery, and that neglected by research sleuths. was encouraged and supported by cancer with a little time, a little more money, and One of the most impressive crash programs progress. 'I want more: I want to see us a little more hard work, we will achieve being carried out at the Institute is tlie lick this disease the way we've licked the in success. cancer chemotherapy program. This re fectious diseases. I sincerely believe the I feel this challenge deeply, as I know you search and development program is a coop world would be more electrified by a break do, and it is for this reason that I am de erative enterprise of national scope. It is through in cancer than it was by a rocket lighted to be here today. I believe that the jointly sponsored by the National Cancer In landing on the moon. As a U.S. Senator, I'm annual campaign fund rally of the Cancer stitute, the American Cancer Society. the more convinced than ever that we should League of Phfiadelphia, Is a major event on Damon Runyon Memorial Fund for Cancer economize in any other sphere of govern the cancer calendar. It 1s this type of com Research, the Veterans' Administration; the ment than funds for the research program munity effort which makes the hope of find Atomic Energy Commission, and the Food 'Of the National Cancer Institute, because Ing a cure for cancer a .real one. and Drug Administration. The program in econom'Y at the expense of human life 1s the I need not tell you that the vital statistics volves three phaSes: The initlal testing of worst extravagance of a:U." on this disease are grim. Each year in the chemicals, hormonal substances, and other Dr. Dooley has recently returned, as you United States, cancer takes the lives of about materials on mice with cancer; t~e testing know, deep from the jungles of Indochina to a quarter .of a m1llion persons. Since 1900 of materials which appear to have promise on be operated on for cancer. He returned from lt has overtaken tuberculosis, pneumonia. larger animals to determine those safe for his work in Medico, a nonprofit nonsectarian, diarrhea and enteritis. nepllritis, and acci human.use; and finally the conduct of ex organization .founded by him to gather dents to become. since 1938, second leading tensive clinical studies with patients in co money, equipment, and pereonnel for hos eause of death 1n this country. One can operating hospitals. No final answers have pitals ln Asia, Africa, and South America. point to the cost of hospital care for cancer been arrived at. But lives have been pro Tom Dooley has been described as a patients which· runs to approximately $300 longed, the course of the disease has been "splendid American" who can combat the m11lion a year, or to the loss in goods and checked, and pain has been alleviated with recent talk about the "ugly American." Be services due to this disease. which has been certain chemi-cal agents. Supporters believe fore entering the operating room he sent a estimated conservatively at $12 bUlion each that this may be the road to the develop message to many leaders ln Congress which year. But these figures are meaningle.ss sym ment of drugs effective against many differ Included the following remarks: "I am being bols in comparison to the personal tragedy ent types of cancer. operated on tomorrow for cancer. As soon as experienced by fammes for whom cancer is In add~tion to the program I have men I recover, I intend to go back to Laos to con tioned, the Institute makes grants for pro. tinue this fight against communism with the not a number but a desperate reality. tools of health." The monster .1s powerful, but fortunately fessional training, cooperates with vol\:.ntary his adversaries grow 1n strength each year. groups in cancer education programs, carries These two cancer victims have made an The blossoming of the research effort against on field projects, makes grants to State agen impassioned case for more cancer research. this disease has been one of the medical won cies for their programs, and even lends Dr. Howard Rusk, the medical editor of the ders of this decade. You are all aware, I am radium to qualified persons and institutions New York Times, takes up their plea: "When sure, of the very exciting projects being car for radium therapy. will the scientific breakthrough come to solve ried on at the National Cancer Institute, the The rationale , for all this activity ls the riddle of cancer? No one knows. What oldest of the National Institutes of Health in summed up in the words of the Surgeon we know, however, is that the more scientists Bethesda, Md. I know of no better example General Burney, who stated: "We do not who are at work on the problem in labora of the diftlcult, determined, sometimes dis know from what corner of the research fir tories all over the world, the greater are the couraging medical research being carried on mament will come the next burst of light odds for solution and the quicker that solu today. You may be interested in some of the that will guide us closer to our goal-the tion will come." work currently being carried on in their conquest of cancer. But we can be sure that These words stir our souls and reinforce laboratories or being supported through their light will come and the goal will be reached. our desires to do something about this enemy. research grant funds. You must be proud to know that you par 'I have little to add to their plea. May I ticipate in this giant effort. We are all close with a word of congratulation for the One striking example of the growth in the aware that the work of a scientist ln his Federal effort aga.lnst cancer is the increase fine work you have done in the past and with laboratory must be financed, that hiS discov a hope that 'this campaign w111 be better 1n the annual appropriations for the Na eries must be communicated to the public. tional Cancer Institute. The figure has _than ever before. Your efforts will one day that the publ1c must be kept aware of the be rewarded in the conquest of cancer. climbed from $18,900,000 ln fiscal 1950, to precautions against cancer. Voluntary $21,737,000 in fiscal 1955, to a staggering groups like yours have performed an in $91,257,000 in fiscal 1960. These sums are valuable task in cooperating with the Fed· an indication of the importance attached eral Government in the support of research by Congress to research against cancer. The and in waging effective public education Farm Program House Committee on Appropriations in its campaigns. As we seem to approach the report on labor, health, education, and wel· goal, the need for this kind of activity be- fare appropriations stated ln 1958, and re EXTENSION OF REMARKS comes more urgent. · o:r peated again last year: Recently two public figures have brought "Considering the rate at which medical home to all o! -u,s the immediacy of the dan - science has advanced over the past 10 years, ger. I spea-k of Senator NEUBERGER and Dr. HON. J. FLOYD BREEDING it is plausible to believe that in the decade Tom Dooie# who have both recently under OP KANSAS ahead simple, accurate tests for cancer, such gone bouts- with cancer. Both of these men IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as a blood test, may make the ·early detection have been operated on for cancer. Both are of cancer simple and be USJLble as a routine determined to see that the effort to conquer Wednesday, February 10, 1960 tool of the physician and public health this and other dread diseases is increased. Mr. BREEDING. Mr. Speaker. there worker." Both men have led useful public lives. and were two significant aspects to the Presi The National Cancer Institute is an active their incapacitation even for a time, was a dent's special farm message which the outfit. Approximately 600 scientists, teCh sev-ere public loss. Congress received yesterday: nicians~ and laboratory assistants have abou" Senator NEUBERGER's lllness has convinced .325 research projects under way at an times. him that 'Our Nation must build a crash pro First. For the first time in several Scientists work in the laboratory with ex gram to· beat cancer-perhaps ·something years the President indicated a willing perimental animals and these· studies are like the Manhattan project of 1940. He be ness· to compromise on this issue with coordinated with the studies of human can· lteves~ as do most of us, that we can increase Congress. 1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- HOUSE 2397 Second. Apparently SecretarY Ben the House Committee on Agriculture to In his native country he was to know son's domination of farm policy in the hold hearings in the immediate future. few successes in his mission to see Poland administration has been ended, if only We need action on wheat legislation. throw off foreign domination; Once, for temporarily, . This is an economic, not a political prob but a moment, he sat at. the head of a These two factors present this House lem. free Poland and instituted the guarantees with an opportul:nty to pass urgently But we have to make sure that the of constitutional government for which needed wheat legislation. wheat producers' income is maintained. he had worked with such dedication. Al The present situation is serious. Pro It would be better to retain the present though Poland's freedom was then to be ducers realize this. They are not happy system, imperfect as it is, than to give shortlived, Kosciusko had ignited the with a program that piles .UP a tre in to pressures and pass legislation that spark of liberty in the hearts of his fellow mendous surplus in warehouses at a cost would bankrupt wheat producers. countrymen. Never again, though their 'of almost a billion dollars a year. We also have to remember that a pros nation was to be conquered by forces Consumers are certainly fed up. They perous agriculture is the key to a sound from the East and the West, was that are demanding a change. economic situation for many business flame to be snuffed out. As long as the President followed Mr. men in the farm areas. The merchants SPIRIT OF KOSCIUSKO ALIVE TODAY IN POLAND Benson, there was no hope for achieving along Main Street of our small towns Mr. Speaker, the s.pirit of Kosciusko is any constructive wheat legislation. Mr. depend upon the farmer. When the alive today in Poland. It is as enduring Benson has made it crystal clear. on farmer is hard pressed, the sales of mer as the spirit of Washington and Lincoln many occasions that the only wheat leg chants suffer and the entire economy which is so much a part of the American islation he will approve would bring suffers. about ruinously low prices for producers. people that it can never be separated This new proposal would maintain the from l:lS. This common spirit, in Poland In his message, the President outlined income of the farmer and farm areas. and in America, will live forever and it guidelines and said he would sign any lt would reduce the surpl~ of wheat and will, in time, triumph over all tyranny. wheat legislation which fell within the it would materially reduce the cost of It is natural that most Americans framework of this broad policy. the program to the taxpayers. think of February 12 primarily as the For several weeks representatives of a Inasmuch as it meets the requirements birthday of Abraham Lincoln. Yet there number of farm organizations have been set forth by the President, I cannot see are more similarities than their date of working on new wheat legislation. The any reason why we cannot pass an ac birth between Kosciusko and Lincoln. only task remaining is to translate the ceptable bill at this session. Both were men of peace, yet compelled to program into legislative language. I am going to dedicate my efforts to employ the tools of war. Both dedicated The National Association of Wheat this end in the coming weeks. most of their lives to the unity of their Growers, the National Grange, and the respective nations, yet their example has National Farmers Union are among the had great impact among peoples all over great farm organizations which have the world. Both were vigorous partici worked together in coming up with a Abraham Lincoln and Thaddeus plan which, I am firmly convinced, meets pants in the events of their own day, yet Kosciusko they will have an enduring influence the criteria spelled out by the President. upon the histories of their respective This new program is supported by the countries. National Farmers Organizatlon, Mis EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF Mr. Speaker, it is fitting that on the souri Farmers Association,.National Corn anniversary of the birth of Lincoln and Growers Association, American ·soybean Kosciusko, the citizens of Poland and the Association, · the Grain Sorghums Pro HON. JOHN BRADEMAS OF INDIANA United States, now so sorely tried by ducers Associa,tion, and several State IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES despotism, should rededicate themselves wheat producing groups. to their heritage of freedom. This spirit While I am not in any position to Wednesday, February 10, 1960 of freedom, so integrally a part of the present the proposed wheat marketing Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, on traditions of both Poland and America, is program in detail at this time, I can say February 12 we commemorate not only a bond between our peoples that can it will materially reduce the wheat sur the 151st anniversary of the birth of never be broken. plus and the cost of the program. Abraham Lincoln, but we also mark the It would stabilize the price of wheat 214th anniversary of the birth of Thad near the parity level by requiring the deus Kosciusko,. the great Polish states Secretary to set an annual marketing man, military engineer, patriot of two Kosciuszko: A.Tribute quota to meet total domestic and export continents. requirements, then subtracting 150 mil r should like to indicate in what ways lion bushels before breaking down the EXTENSION OF REMARKS these two leaders have much in com OJ' quota to an individual farm basis. mon, but before making such a com This provision would force the grain parison, let me speak briefly of the life HON. CORNEL.IUS E. GALLAGHER trade to go to the Commodity Credit of Kosciusko. OF NEW JERSEY Corporation for 150 million bushels of His birthright was Polish. The nat IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wheat each year. Inasmuch as CCC ural splendors of the New World were Wednesday, February 10, 1960 would be barred from selling wheat be unseen by his young eyes and the demo low parity, this would resul in a price cratic culture of the American Colonies Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, ev to the farmer at or near full pari~y. was alien to his noble background. Yet ery year we pay tribute to the life and No wheat could be sold for milling or from halfway around the world he came works of Tadeusz Kosciuszko, the Polish other primary uses without a certificate to share his own vision of liberty and nobleman and American revolutionary based on individual marketing quotas justice with the Founding Fathers of our hero. It is fitting that we do so, for were expressed in bushels rather than acres. country. A true son of Poland, he gave it not for the services of men with such To be eligible, a producer would have to of himself, wholly and freely, to the distinguished qualities in leadership as retire at least 20 . percent of his wheat cause of the American Revolution, dis Kosciuszko, we would have been hard base a,creage to noncommercial use. tinguishing himself both in com-bat and pressed in our war for independence . . I wish to emphasize that this proposal in the erection of military fortifications. The career of Kosciuszko can be in has the enthusiastic support of a large A grateful Congress bestowed upon him structive for Americans today. The majority of wheat producers. They see the rank of brigadier general, and. the ideas that motivated this great leader this proposal as -an opportunity to appreciative people of his adopted land were twofold: Love of freedom and an achieve positive results and make a start offered him honors and citizenship. But appreciation for the role of power in on clearing up what has developed into the success of the American Revolution winning and maintaining freedom once a serious situation. had intensified his fervent desire to see it has been won. In Kosciuszko one I plan to introduce this bill as soon his own homeland ·free and he returned finds a classic example of the excellent as a draft iS completed. I will request toPoland. · compinat.ion of idealism and realism 2398 coNGRESSIONAl; ;RECORD ·:....:. ·HotisE- February 10 that ·assures the ·greatest political. ·effec doni, Abraham Llnco!D.; ahd bow lie has optniori, Mr. SpeaK.er, that. any objective tiveness. inspired men of good will everywhere. analysis of the principal points which he Kosciuszko proclaimed his devotion to Gemiral Kosciusko is the hero of -two made as to our military deficiencies will the abstract principle of Uberty and -continents. ' He fought for freedom in support, in detail, the conclusion that we democracy. He was inspired by the our American Revolution and then re are, and will continue to ·be,. unless we theories of Locke and Rousseau, theories turned to Poland where he 1ed a revolt snap ourselves out of our current com that provided the ideological basis for to bring freedom to his own people. He placency, in a most vulnerable position the American and French revolutions. was the first foreign patriot who did not of defense. · To this extent Kosciuszko was among the hesltate to cross the ocean to fight for It is unfortunate that this running greatest of idealists. the principles -in which he firmly be argument concerning our defense posture But Kosciuszko's devotion to democ lieved. He was a great military leader comes during a political year. It is also, racy was not a passive one, not at all an and his engineering genius. contributed unfortunate and even partakes of the attitude of detached emotionalism. a great deal to the American cause. · vicious -that those of us, who criticize Kosciuszko wedded his idealism to real . Kosciusko .dedicated his lif~ to the constructively what we consider to be the ity. He had the inner compulsion to univ.ersal struggle for freedom, and his deficiencies in our Military Establish translate theory into practical action. courage, bravery, and sacrifice should be ment, are being labeled as partisan This explains his enormous contribution an inspiration to us all. This struggle politicians, by those with whom we are to the American revolutionary effort. continues, never ceasing, and while in disagreement. Certainly, if we did Yet there is another aspect of Kos Poland 15 oppressed today under com not try to alert our people, to the inade eiuszko's activism and realism. It was munism the; love of liberty has not di quacies as we understand them to exist, his ability to see the unequivocally clear minished. As long as the spirit of Thad we would be derelict in our responsibili and unambiguous relationship between deus Kosciusko lives in the hearts of the ties, and, in a sense, even un-American. the need for power and strength if free Polish people, their outlook for the At this point, Mr. Speaker, I include dom is to be won and maintained. In sacred cause is bright. in these remarks a letter of constructive brief:. Kosciuszko would argue that a we all join together in paying tribute criticism recently sent by me to Secre patriot may have an abstract notion of to the memory of these two great men. tary of the Army Brucker, which speaks liberty, but to achieve this liberty he fo_r itself: must fight, and to maintain his liberty. JAN17ARY 30, 1960~ he must be strong. Hon. WILBER M. BRUCKER, We Americans could well apply Kos America's Critical Challenge Evaluated by Secretary, . Department of the Army. Washington, D.C. eiuszko's concepts in our conduct of for Hon. Carl Vinson, National Defense's eign relations today. . It is well for a DEAR M:a. SECRETARY: As a citizen, 8B the Foremost E.xpon~nt father of an officer in the· Regular Army, and nation to proclaim to the world the vir as a Merilber of Congress with official respon tues of democracy. It is also a heart sibilities, I am deeply disturbed because of warming experience to feel the inner EXTENSION OF REMARKS what seems to me to be a dangerous down emotional upsurge that .comes with an OF . grading of the Army, both ;through 1nsu!· outward appeal to the highest idealistic ) ' fic1ent funding for modernized combat equip ihstincts of man. But it would be dis HON. JAMES C. OLIVER ment, as well as througb inadequate funding astr0us were we as a .People to fail to OF MAINE for the manpower which our worldwide com IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mitments reqUire, even for limited wars. support our idealism with a hard cal The recently ·published book, "The Uncer culated apraisal of the role of power and Wednesday, February 10. 1960 tain Trumpet," written by Gen. Maxwell D. strength in international politics. We Mr. .OLIVER. Mr. Speaker, it was my Taylor (Retired) persuade.& me, further~ that as a people must be strong. We must the Army has been, and 1s being, critically maintain our strength and power, today prlvilege last night to attend, along with yourself and other Members of Congress, cripplecJ in . its e.ffectlveness to do the job more than ever before as we face the upon which it may be, and pr~bably will be, Soviet challenge. We dare not conimit the annual dinner of the Vete,rans of called upon to do. ourselves to a life of luxury and .repose" Foreign Wars, here in Washington. . Your publlc .statements which indicate a for here lay the seeds of .national,Pecline. These assemblies of veteranS are always posture ..o.! the Army's readiness to meet any As we pay tribute to Kosciuszko, let most pleasing and inspiring. But, this challenge, requiring quick response do not 1960 dinner was the most outstanding reassure me. F~r example, in .December.. in us, therefore, rededieate ourselves to the an issue of the Christian Science Monitor. principles of idealism which he pro of any that I have attended because of tbe alert to the critical challenge to our you were . quoted to the effect tbat· the claimed, but let us also rededicate our BTRAC units of the Army are ~quipped, selves to the .realistic principle of physical survival which was sounded. trained, and ready to go, presumably to any strength and power and national resolve Certainly, no group of American citizens spot in the world. "When.. as and Jf called as Kosciuszko had done in his figbt for is any more conscious of this urgent and upon. Yet, ~ere ls no information available American liberty .and the freedom of his emergent challenge than the veterans of to me which points toward immediate avail., native POland. the several armed conflicts 1n which abllit_y .of air transport for the .necessary America has been involved. · lift to get there. Then again if .such a de~ It was entirely appropriate and timely, mand shoUld be made .for emergent actio~ by B'I'RAC units durin~ the May-August therefore, that our able and distin training period for Reserve and National VINSON Birth ..y A'lmiYerlarJ of Two Great Men guished colleague, Han. CARL Guard un1tSc, w.hen S~AC personnel and should be the principal speaker. There equipment ~ committed to such training EXTENSION OF' REMARKS is no citizen of this Nation, in my opinion. programs, dangerous delay ln getting to tbe 01' wbo has had the close relationship with ar.ea ,of action, even if the airlift were ava.n our defen.Se problems, over these many able and ready to go. could. result in failure HON. THADDEifS J:DULSKI years of our military emergencies, -as has of tbe mission. . OJ' NEW YORK this great chairman ot the House Armed It. has.. also, been called to my. attention that vebieles for :mob111ty are sadly lacking. IN THE .HOUSE OF· REPRESENTATIVES Forces Committee. The people of America know him and eontinue to have Certainly, motor vehicles whleh have had Wedne3da1/. Februaey 10.1960 over 100,000. miles of usage and w'hlch, be lmplicit confidence in his ability;. his cause of budgetary llmitatlons, are being :Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Spe~~er.. to~orrow~ integrity, his knowledge and his, judg- patched up at a repair cost of $200 ·or more Pebruary 12, is the 'anniversary of the ment regarding the overwhelming prob per vehlCl~ do not sugges'l; eombat readiness. birth of two great men -who have played lems of adequate defense for this Nation No businessmb.n woUld conduetb1s own busi important roles in the history of our Na not only in the emergencies ot the past. ness on th,1s pennywlse, pound-foolish b -asis.. tion-Abraham Lincoln -and Gen. Thad but as well 'RS in th"e ireateSt''Of all emer..; General Taylor ca!ls.:for a modernized, reta- deus Kosciusko. .Altbough they lived ln ,gencies, this one of the })resent and the 1:1vely sm:an, but well-pl'dtected balanced re tallatory !force .as b.18 concept bf a Us. Army dl1rerent periods, they sbared the same neaT future~ · · , · ready for limited wars 01' 1Dclden111 Jn &nJ' resPect for m.a.n·s·dignity -and tbey both Therefore, his statement of· 1ast night &r,ea of ~e . world. . loved HbertY. . . commands the attention of all thinklng In this co-nnection, 2s · there any present Every school boy and girl in America men and women of America"; and, ln indication· that the Army IS to get, iri the learns about the great champion of free.: · fact, of the entire free world. It is my reasonably near future. the volume of pro- 1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- HOUSE 2399 curement in planes, tanks, gurus, rlfles, and po881ble to say. Whether or not he does w111 and will not, do the job which so obvi other combat equipment on a modernized be Important not only to international re ously must be done unless and until we basis which is so obviously and urgen"tly re lations but also to the presidential campaign quired to do the kind of a combat Job, en here at. home. evaluate basic military and economic visioned by General Taylor and otber dedi• The candidates on both sldee are nervous. needs in terms of those needs rather ca.ted, experienced, and able Army oftlcers? naturally enougb, lest some Khrushchev than in restrictive dollar terms which Certainly, the t137 millions of dollars ot. move put one or another of them in a bad inhibit us on the basis that we cannot the $300 m1llion appropriated for moderntza. ltght tor having been too receptive or too afford to take the steps necessary tG tion of the Army in the 1960 budget, which I hostile to the Soviet peace offensive. meet these needs. Our approach neces enthusiastically supported, and which 18 What has. recently been occurring-In sarily must be that we cannot afford now, according to my understanding, im Washington, in Geneva, in Berlin, and in pounded by the Bureau of the Budget does Moscow;_at a mimimum demonstrate that this continuing failure of ours to meet nothing for the reassurance of those of us Khrushchev is preparing for some hard bar the challenging needs of this, the last who question the present combat readiness gaining. This much, of course, Is not un half of the 20th century. of an Army, composed of enlisted men and expected. No one in his right mind on the Mr. Speaker, leaders in the Soviet officers who personally and collectively are Western side could expect anything else. Kremlin are moving relentlessly, step by ready to go, but who are, in too many in In Washington the Russians have refused step, toward their objective. We must stances, inadequately equipped to do the to settle the lend-lease account without de not think for one minute that their pres combat Job" which will be expected of them. riving some form of dollar credits at the I know that you will agree with me that same time. In Geneva they have argued sures will not increase. This is already any overstress of budgetary requirements at long and bargained hard on the nuclear test clearly evidenced. We must act, and the expense of modernized arms and equip ban. In Berlin-in Communist East Berlin, act fast, to meet these pressures. ment to carry out the missions of the Army that is-the Communist puppets of East Ger The words of dedicated responsibility in this nt~.clear age, is 111 advised, to say the many have begun a new pressure campaign. of CARL VINSON, whom Veterans of For leru;;t, in the kind of a world in which we against West Germany. In Moscow Khru eign Wars have honored with the VFW live today. You, apparently, do not agree shchev has been talking tougher publicly Citizenship Gold Medal award and cita that budgetary limitations have been over and rattling his missiles privately to Amer stressed and have become the prevailing Ican Ambassador Thompson. tion, have been of the utmost significance guideline of our defense expenditures at the But Khrushchev st111 talks of the "Spirit of to the future survival of America. expense of effective readiness so far as the Camp David." His recent speech to the We must heed them, Mr. Speaker, and Army is concerned. Supreme Soviet condemned American efforts act upon them now. If you can find the time to advise me if I to negotiate from strength, as President am unfair in this evaluation of the present Eisenhower put it Wednesday night, while combat posture of the Army, I shall appre making it clear he, Khrushchev, intends to ciate and value your contribution most. do just that at the summit. Annual Recognition Dinner, Blair-Bedford highly. It will be especially encouraging for Berlin remains the focus of the East-West me to learn that these impounded appropri problem. The great question is whether Council, Boy Scouts of America, Al· ated funds will become available in the near Khrushchev wm agree at the summit and future for a greater volume of modernized later when he talks with the President this toona Pa., February 4, 1960 weapons and equipment for the AI:my. June in Moscow to let the present situation Thanking yeu for your courtesies of the. continue, whatever the formula, or whether EXTENSION OF REMARKS past and any pertinent information in order he wm force a change. or that I may reassure my constituents, I am, In the 14 months since Khrushchev first Sincerely yours, raised the Berlin issue nothing has altered HON. JAMES E. VANZANDT the basic facts: West Berlin is still a thinly JAMES C. OLIVER, OF PENNSYLVANIA Member oj Congress. defended free world island in the Commu nist sea. Khrushchev has postponed his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, I am not a military ex threat to sign a separate _peace treaty with Wednesday, February 10, 1960 pert, but I respect the judgment of those his East German puppets but the threat with whom I have discussed this issue of remains and he constantly ·repeats it. . Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, on · our military preparedness. It is my firm Against this backdrop of troubles ahead February 4 at the Juniata Pavilion, Al the Eisenhower administration is living out conviction that we are not prepared Its final months in a defensive fashion. toona, Pa., the Blair-Bedford Council, for any eventuality and that we are Under attack both politically and nonpolit Boy Scouts of America, staged its annual even losing ground because of our com ically for its m111tary preparedness posture, recognition dinner with some 300 leaders· placency and our obsession that dollars the administration has bogged down in a of Scouting present for the occasion. are more important than the threat to semantic argument over what is a missile Numerous awards were given for out our physical survival. gap or a deterrent gap. All the Cabinet standing leadership in the field of Scout I respect, as does every American citi members save Secretary of State Herter are j.ng. sent to the political rostrums to defend the It was my privilege to deliver the prin zen, the President of the United States; record In one way or another. who is the commander in chief of our. At the State Department there Is no sign cipal address which follows: military forces. He has had a lifetime of new thinking or of imaginative measures SPEECH BY JAMES E. VAN ZANDT, MEMBEJt OF of military service and a most distin ta cope with the coming diplomatic negotia CONGRESS, 20TH DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, guished career. But, I do not agree with· tions. The Berlin argument will begin where AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, BLAIR-BEDFORD him that all is well and that we can it left off at last summer's Geneva Confer COUNCIL OF BoY SCOUTS, JUNIATA PAVILION, leave these terribly hard decisions to his ence of Foreign Ministers. ALTOONA, PA., ON FEBRUARY 4, 1960 The Coolidge report on disarmament has It is a pleasure to participate in the pro judgment, alone, regardless of our evalu disappointed many inside the administra gram of this annual Scout recognition din ation of conditions as we may individual tion. Some effort is being made, it appears, ner for the Blair-Bedford Couucil, Boy Scouts ly, or collectively a.S a majority of the to pump some new short-term ideas into the of America. Congress, see them. Others in this great arms control field beyond the limited and It is fitting and proper that the fine lead country of ours feel, similarly, as witness mostly long-term proposals by Coolidge and ership and the time and effort donated by this comment of Chalmers M. Roberts·, a his staff. But even here there 1s as yet no ecout leaders should be publicly acclaimed. respected and competent news analyst indication of any success. It is common knowledge that the history On every hand one hears the remark that of Scouting had its beginning in England. and columnist, · in a recent issue of the the next President wlll face the :flock of Washington Post: Its first impression on Americans was dur-· chickens come home to roost, in both mili 1ng the year 1909 when a courteous unidenti A BLEAJt FORECAST OF STORMS AHEAD tary and diplomatic terms. Some of the fied boy offered his hand to guide William D. (By Chalmers M. Roberts) candidates themselves are saying this out Boyce, Chicago publisher, to his destination loud; the others all seem to acknowledge it · In the midst of the agony of France and.· through London's fog. 1inpl1citly. The lad had thus performed his "good the confusion of Cuba It Is dangerous to take . A gloss Is being applied by ·the President's one's eyes off the main show. The East-West turn" for the day and refused a tip from the trips., the recent. one to three continents, the grateful American. summit conference ol>ens 16 weeks from next one io Soutb America., the following one Monday In Paris, assuming that De Gaulle to the Soviet Union and .Japan.. All indeed. · He was a British Boy Scout. will survive his great. moment of testing. have a value. But they cannot cover up the So impressed was publisher Boyce by this Already there are signS, new signs, of t'htJ underlying situation to which only the word kindly deed that he acquired all available troubles ahead. · · "deteriorating'' can be applied. information on the British Boy Scouts As· Whether or not Nlklta Khrushchev Intends sociation and returned to the United States to alter the game of peaceful coexistence he' We can, Mr. Speaker, meet the chat with a firm conviction that America needed has been playing these past months 1s lm- lege of these times. But we cannot, a similar youth program. 2400 CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD-· HOUSE February 10 Oft FebruaTy 8, 1910, the Boy Scouts of in the world-has successfully resisted pow_. · The project resulted in the· formation of America were officially incorporated in Wash erful efforts to make it a military or semi 50 Scout troops and cub packs in the area, ington, D.C., and today "Scouting" is a fa mllltary activity. and ·recruited 1,000 boys. · miliar word in American homes throughout However, no one would deny that whatever Since the establishment of these troops and the length and breadth of our land. tends to increase in the youth of our coun packs and the organization of Scout activi From its humble beginning in 1910, the try, the ' love of country and the value of ties,· conditions in the second precinct have Scout alumni in the United States now ex physical and mental fitness, tends to make improved, and the crime rate has been con ceed 30 million. of our youth a formidable defense force in siderably reduced. During Boy Scout Week· this year-Feb war, as well as a stabilizing force in peace. As always, Scout leaders undertook this ruary 7 to February 13-more than 5 mil The love of our country, under God, is the project in cooperation with police and other lion boys and leaders of the Boy Scouts of greatest quality any activity could aim to· municipal authorities and welfare agencies, America will begin the observance of the develop in our young people, and the 4-year and no claim is made that scouting alone 50th anniversary of scouting in the United program emphasizing this ideal is a splendid accomplished these happy results. States. service to the country by the Boy Scouts of But Scout leaders are convinced that the In addition to the observance of the 50th America. success ·of the Scout program in ·the area is anniversary, the year 1960 marks the As we swing intO this fourth and final at once a cause and an evidence of a major triumphant conclusion of the 4-year pro year of the great, nationwide program, "On contribution to the improvement of the gram of the Boy Scouts of America, "On ward for God and Country," let us all con neighborhood conditions. ward for God and my country/' tinue to work together, Scouts and adults These are emergency measures, and cer Like each of the successive special pro alike, to make the year a memorable one in tainly constitute working under difficulties. grams· of the Boy Scouts in the past, this the history of scouting, and in the lives of The ideal situation is more like what we program has had a close relatlonshi p to the every one of us. have here in Blair and Bedford Counties continuing ideals and constant ·effort of We must work to realize this ideal in our where many adults-such as you-have al scouting, expressed in the motto, "Be Pre own lives, as well as to develop it in the lives ready been through the discipline, learned pared." of the boys in whose interest we are serving. the skills, and absorbed the ideals of scout In this special program, the emphasis has Each of us, as well as each of them, must ing. been on the spiritual aspect of scouting be: "Prepared in body; prepared in skill; Here--instead of an enormous effort to on the strengthening of religious faith prepared in spirit; prepared in will; prepared achieve a barely measurable result-you have and the increasing of religious activities in as a member of a team." - seized the opportunity and by a sincere effort each individual Scout and in each troop This is a suitable occasion for reviewing have achieved.enormous good. sponsored by a religious organization. the past achievements of scouting in Amer What is needed for continued BU.Ccess is a By this program, which owes its success ica, rejoicing over successes, resolving to re community devoted to the Scout ideals-a to cubmasters, scoutmasters, post advisers, pair shortcomings, and determining to drive community in which the children grow up and den mothers, the Boy Scout has been forward with renewed vigor toward our goals. in scouting and in which boys too old to be inspired to be prepared to do his duty to . Much is being said currently of the preva Boy Scouts join the Explorer Scouts . God, as revealed to him through his own lence of juvenile delinquency. There is also the compelllng need that religion. Though scouting is not generally' a reme those who have gained this experience and Ministers, priests, and rabbis have in this dial measure directed at reclaiming the de earned this prestige continue to use their program been aided in the spiritual direc linquent--who often expresses his scorn of knowledge and their influence, gained tion and teaching of the youth of their con the ideals of scouting-! should like to em through scouting, for the benefit of younger gregations, by the support this program has phasize -on this occasion that scouting is boys. given to their endeavors. much more and better than a cure for de This can be done effectively by giving all Scout troops have been inspired to new linquency. possible time and effort to the assistance of ambition and vigor by chaplains and other It is a preventive of delinquency in the cub packs and Scout troops in their neighbor religious leaders cooperating with the Scout individual boy and in the group of boys, and hoods. officials in this program. it is a valuable aid for a neighborhood and In return, the community as a whole has It has been brought home to the boys for neighborhood organizations in combating its obligation to scouting. emphatically and in many ways throughout the conditions that foster delinquency. We need public and frequent recognition these 4 years-that service to God is the New York's chief magistrate, John M. of the glories, as well as of the fun, of scout ·chief purpose in life of every man-and the Murtagh, a man in a position to know the ing. ultimate aim of every worthwhile activity. While the individual Scout needs no thanks The joining of "God and my country" in facts about juvenile delinquency and a man or recognition for his good deeds-neverthe one slogan reflects the religious development whose nature and experience alike would pre less, the cub pack or the Scout troop should in the United States--demonstrated by many vent his indulging in easy optimism or polite be given public praise and recognition for its factors-that have been particularly strong compliments on such a subject, has publicly ideals, as well as for each specific contribu during the past decade. expressed his opinion that an increase in tion it may make to the well-being of the Our people have become more strongly Boy Scouts means a decrease in delinquency: neighborhood. religious, as is plain from statistics of. church "I can't think of better insurance against In this way we shall both encourage the membership, church attendance, and church boys appearing· in youth court than scout Scouts to live up to the high ideals their or giving. ing," said Mr. Murtagh. ganization has placed before them, and by The result is that as they have become He continued: "Boys who have really such good examples encourage other boys to more strongly religious, they have become healthy homes never will be delinquent, and take part in their activities and adopt their more sure that our country itself must be I believe scouting brings boys closer to their ideals. dedicated to the service of God, subjected families and communities as well as pro With the aid of such incentives, we shall to his will, and placed under his protection. viding leadership training." bulld scouting and in so doing lead our peo It is signi:flcan.t that during this past · Mayor Wagner enthusiastically seconded ple onward for God and my country. decade the Congress has established a prayer this opinion and added that he be~ieved if I would like to mention another aspect room, where Members may retire for private the 500,000 boys of New York City who are of scouting and that is: The high caliber of prayer and meditation. eligible for membership were absorbed into you men and women who have dedicated In addition, legislative action has been the Scout movement, New York City would your lives to the scouting movement for it taken to add the phrase "under God" to the make great strides toward overcoming. is through your skllls; your deep understand pledge of allegiance, to establish "In God we juvenile delinquency. ing of a boy's needs; and your inspired lead trust" ·as our official national motto, and to But though the primary purpose of scout ership that boys are attracted to scouting. place those four words on all our future ing is to take good, healthy, well-intentioned You volunteers, who now number well over issues of currency. boys and help them mold themselves into 500,000, are well trained in courses arranged The relation of religious belief to ethics strong, able, virtuous men, scouting can be by the national council. However, it ts not and particularly to political morality has and has been used with spectacular success simply technical ability, it is your patience been frequently and earnestly discussed in in the rehab111tation of crime-ridden areas and your wlllingness to give so generously Congress and in the newspapers and maga and the restoration to good conduct of re of your time and energy that makes invalu zines. bellious and stubborn boys. able leaders in the Boy Scout movement. This concern of our people generally, with The Boy Scout movement in Washington, Then, too, by the example you set in your the relation between God and our country D.C., for example, is now engaged in the sec personal lives you create enthusiasm for the is suitably reflected in the Boy Scout pro ond of two major efforts to establish scout ideals of scouting in the young man. gram, "Onward for God and my country.'' ing in an area of maximum delinquency. We are fortunate here in the Bedford and Patriotism and the preparation of our Back around 1954, Rudy Carson-known as· Blair council in having men who recognize youth for the service of the country have "trouble shooter" for the National Capital the vital importance of lnstllling in our been given prime emphasis by scouting from area councll-directed concentrated Boy_ youngsters the ideal of (a) honesty, (b) pa the beginning. Scout efforts toward organizing the boys in· triotism, (c) service, and (d) Godliness. You leaders in the Scout movement know the second precinct, then considered the To you leaders I offer my gratitude for the that scouting-in this country as elsewhere ".wlckedestprecinct" in the city. wonderful work you are doing with the youth· ., 1960 CONGRESSIONAl. RECORO - >- HOUSE 2401 of our conununity. I ~alute you and the Senate Special ~tee on Unemployment employed. Only briefly, and that was during Boy Scouts of Am~rica on the celebration Problems, an!i Dl': Clal"ence Long. professor o( the Kor~ war, has it gone below 4 percent. of the golden Jubilee of scouting and extend economica at Johns. Hopklns ~niv~ty . .- That means somewhere around 3 million un best wishes for continued success. - J SenatQr ~ let'a begin by dlacuss1ng employed, and I think we have to ask our• The strength of America depends on tlie the causes of unemployment. - . . selves what Is the nature of our unemploy strength of the rising generation, and in Now Dr. Long has testlfted b~fore- your ment problem, is it a. recession unemploy this connection the Boy Scouts of America. committee that unemployment Is caused by ment problem or is it a typical or normal are in the forefront of organizations de excessive labor _turnover, poor bU&iness man peacetime unemployment problem? voted to preparing our youth to _meet the agement, lack of community orga.niza-tiona And when you examine the total contribu challenge of tomorrow with stout hearts and in depressed areas, and stubborn and short tion of recession unemployment to the total sound principles. · sighted labor leadership. Do you agree with unemployment problem we have had over Dr. Long? those years, you will find that five-sixths of Senator HAR-TKE. Well, those are some all of our unemployment has been the kind pretty general terms. We have to come back of unemployment that persists even during Senator Vance Hartke Discusses the Un to some specifics. I think possibly we have what we think of as prosperity. to take this in the context in which Dr. Long Sena tor HARTKE. I think that ts rtght, Dr. employment Problem on "The American was talking about. Long, and this is the problem because now The important thing to me about unem Forum of the Air" we are talking about so-called increased ployment is that this is something which prosperity in the event that the steel strike deals ·with human beings. It is something is settled, and we don't know about that. EXTENSION OF REMARKS that cannot be dealt with in statistics alone ... If it isn't, of course, this 1s going to be multi· or When you have a man out of work and he plied and be upon us much quicker than has a family to support it is a problem, and before. Many economists, as you well know · HON. JOHN BRADEMAS when we have this situation multiplied bet predict a recession in 1961, and this ts noth: ter than 3 million times in the United States, OF INDIANA ing new, but the point that worries me 1s it is more than a problem. And the impor when you add to this normal drop of 3· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tant thing to the public is that they have m1llion-plus, these people in recession times, Wednesday, February 10. 1960 to pay in one way or another for these we have something which could be a poten• people. They have to pay for them either tial threat not alone to our economic future Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, dur In unemployment compensation checks, but to our political future as well. The point Ing the first week of December 1959, they have to pay for them in welfare assist that really worries me, .and I find in many ance or they will have to pay for them in of these cases we talk about are our educa.:. the U.S. Senate Special Committee on local relief or in charitable donation or Unemployment Problems conducted tiona! facilities-you come· from an educa otherwise they pay for them in the way tional institution-! find people who are not hearings in four Indiana cities. One of which is most inhuman of all, and that is educated to do a job. these was the city of La Porte in my own suffering, and this to me is why we must I was in the hearings with West Virginia. congressional district. The La Porte seek the solutions to some of these problems. and an old man 33 years of age told me, he community has suffered substantial and Mr. SNYDER. Well, what about the causes of said, "I'm too old to get a Job, but I am too persistent unemployment in recent years. unemployment? young to claim my old age pension and all The chairman of the Senate commit Senator HARTKE. There are a number of I know is coal mining and I don't know causes, of course, but the biggest thing is anything else." tee hearings in Indiana was the distin.. that you must have an economy which is guished junior Senator from our state, capable of absorbing a number of potential Dr. LoNG. Well, I agree with you. If you HARmE; lndividual situations. One of them is the take a look at the unemployed you will find the Honorable R. VANCE who has they have certain characteristics. One, they himself shown a deep interest in attack supply of labor which 1s available. This. means that it must be qualified and capable. are apt to be rather young. There 1s an ing the problem of unemployment. Sen awful lot of unemployment among the ator HARTKE's able and informed ques of doing the jobs which are required. It doesn't do any good to have a. typist apply young people. There is an awful lot of un· tioning of the many witnesses who testi for a Job doing welding. The typist can't employment among colored people. There fied at this grassroots hearing in La. weld. Nor can the welder type, and this is a lot of unemployment among the older Porte made the visit of the Senate com presents one problem. The other situation, people. Actually the older people tend to mittee to La Porte County unusually another one of the situations is the case be unemployed for longer periods. There 1s where you have people at work in factory a good deal of unemployment among people valuable and productive. · in certain localities and in the case of your I am. pleased, Mr. Speaker, to include levels,' or in the production of goods, and this number of people is not increasing in unskllled labor, your manual worker, the in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the trans people in manufacturing and mining and cript of "The American Forum of the the Nation's overall economy. It is really construction, in these industries, you hava at about the same level numerically as it heavy concentrations of unemployment. Air" broadcast of December 1, 1959, on was in about 1919, so we have to find another the topic, "How Serious Is the Unemploy .. area where people can go to work. And following 'Senator HARTKE's statement. ment Problem?" So to find an answer to this means really you have your greatest problem of unem• Both Senator HARTXE and Dr. Clarence finding an answer to our overall economic ployment among the uneducated people. problem. Involved in. this is the one big one Mr. SNYDER. Where does your charge of Long. professor of economics at Johns shortsighted labor leadership apply to these in which is coming to the front now. and is Hopkins University, participated the nothing more than what we have had before, problems? discussion. The proceedings follow: what we call automation. This is the Dr. LoNG. Well, tha.t is only one factor in· How SERIOUS Is THE UNEMPLOYMENT increased productivity of a human being as volved here. I wouldn't think that short· PROBLEM? a result of using intelligent machines or sighted labor leadership was the principal (Senator VANCE HARTKE, Democrat, of Indi intelligent methods of doing things. factor involyed here. I only mention it as· ana, and Dr. Clarence Long, professor of Mr. SNYDER. Dr. Long, do you agree wi-th one. I think certainly the type of leader econon;Ucs, Johns Hopkins University; Jim the Senator on this or do you still feel as you ship that overprices labor, insists on getting did before you testified before his · commit a. wage which is greater than what the mar· Snyder, moderator) ket can absorb at any particular time, the. Mr. SNYDER. This Ia the "American Forum tee? Dr. LoNG. Well, I certainly agree with a type of leadership which insists on inflicting of the Air," produced by the Westinghouse outmoded methods of production in the Broadcasting co. 1n association With Theo great many things that the Senator has said. I think that one of the interesting things shortsighted effort to preserve a job for 8,. dore Granik. certain period, this raises the costs of labor Our guests a:re Senator VANCE HARTKB, about the behavior of our- employment and Democrat, of Indiana, and Dr. Clarence Long, unemployment problem over the last 13 years so high that in many cases people can't afford professor of economics at Johns Hopkins is that it presents us with something of a to buy it, and th~ workers stay unemployed~ University. paradox. On the one hand the economy has Senator BAa~. Dr. Long, let me inter They will discuss "The Unemployment shown that it has amazing ab1lity to create rupt you for a moment. I don't want to Problem." jobs .for enormous numbers of people. We disagree with you,_but I would like to pose When Labor Secretary James Mitchell "at& have actually no}V employed about 8 million a question to you in this regal"d: We ta.Jk his hat" a few weeks ago lt was one more· more people than about 13 years ago, and about . shortsighted labor leaders in th~se indication that despite the booming Amer all during that time there have been enor regards. Now primarily their responsibllitf. ican economy over 3 million people are mous releases of people because of increases 1s to their membership as I understand the unemployed. . Opinions vary widely on the In efficiency, so we have absorbed a great -in concept of American economics, and their seriousness of the problem and how it can crease ~ the la~or force and offse~ ~his -grea.t: Job is to provide two things for them as far be solved. · ~crea:se in , te~~olog~cal technol SENATE THE JOURNAL House had passed the following bills, in On request of Mr. MANSFIELD, and by which it requested the concurrence of THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1960 unanimous consent, the reading of the the Senate: Journal of the proceedings of Tuesday, H.R. 9664. An act to stabilize support levels The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, February 9, 1960, was dispensed with. for tobacco against disruptive fluctuations and to provide for adjustment in such levels and was called to order by the Vice in relation to farm cost; and . . President. MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT H.R. 10234. An act making appropriations Rev. Robert G. Balnicky, pastor, Mc for the Department of Commerce and related CUtchen Memorial Presbyterian Church, Messages in writing from the President . agencies for the fiscal year ending June 30, Union, S.C., offered the following prayer: of the United States were communicated 1961, and for other purposes. to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his 0 Lord, our Heavenly Father, high and secretaries. mighty. king of kings and lord of lords, HOUSE BILLS REFERREID OR PLACED who dost from Thy throne behold all the ON THE CALENDAR dwellers on earth, and reignest with REPORT OF INTERAGENCY COM power supreme and uncontrolled over MITTEE ON AGRICULTURAL SUR- The following bills were each read all the kingdoms, empires, and g{)vern PLUS DISPOSAL-MESSAGE FROM twice by their titles and referred or ments: We would thank Thee for Thy THE PRESIDENT