Vinod Kumar PhD Scholar Dept. of FMPE, COAE&T, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar Why-Integrated Land and Water Information System?
• Over-Exploitation of available land and water resources to meet the increasing demand for food, fuel, and fiber for an ever-growing population has led to degradation of these resources by a wide range of processes, namely – accelerated erosion, soil salinization and alkalization, waterlogging, decline in soil organic matter, content and biodiversity, compaction and acidification, and environmental pollution.
• In India alone, out of a 328 million ha geographical area, 150 million ha is affected by wind and water erosion. – 69 million ha is critically eroded. – An estimated 3.975 million ha of land are highly dissected and have mostly an intricate network of gullies. – An estimated 6,000 million tons of soil is lost through soil erosion by water. 2 Why-Integrated Land and Water Information System ....
• Apart from this, shifting cultivation, waterlogging, and salinization and alkalization have affected an estimated 4.36 million ha, 6 million ha, and 7.16 m ha, respectively. Frequent floods and drought further compound the problem.
• For taking any reclamative and preventative measure for degraded lands, the information on nature, extent, and magnitude of the problem is a prerequisite.
• Since all the natural resources co-exist and overexploitation of one for any developmental activity may affect the other. Therefore, for optimal utilization of natural resources, all the components of natural resources need to be looked at holistically.
• Using Integrated Land and Water Information System, we can develop sustainable land and water management practices. 3 What is Integrated Land and Water Information System?
• The integrated land and water information system integrates image, vector and thematic data in one unique and powerful source for desktop.
• It includes a set of image processing, spatial analysis and digital cartography.
• Designed to store, retrieve, manage, display, and analyze all types of geographic and spatial data.
• These lets you produce maps and other graphic displays of geographic information for analysis and presentation.
4 What is Integrated Land and Water Information System?
• All these has a comprehensive online help, comprehensive tutorials that can be used directly in the classroom, and case studies of various disciplines that make learning and using simple.
5 Tools for Integrated Land and Water Information System
Free and open source 1. QGIS – Formerly Quantum GIS – Automate map production, process geospatial data, and generate drool-worthy cartographic figures – QGIS Plugins boost this mapping software into a state of epicness.
2. gVSIG – the best 3D visualization available in open source GIS – gvSIG Mobile brings GIS to your mobile phone.
3. Whitebox GAT – Whitebox GAT is the swiss-army knife of LiDAR data.
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4. SAGA GIS – primarily for terrain analysis such as hillshading, watershed extraction and visibility analysis.
5. GRASS GIS – 350 rock-solid vector and raster manipulation tools – excels primarily as option for analysis, image processing, digital terrain manipulation and statistics.
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6. ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System) package – Good at the basics – digitizing, editing, displaying geographic data. – Also used for remote sensing with tools for image classification, enhancements and spectral band manipulation. – Initially developed as a paid package but since 1 July, 2017 it is available as free software. Tools for Integrated Land and Water Information System...
Notable commercial or proprietary software 1. Autodesk – Products that interface with its flagship AutoCAD software package include Map 3D, Topobase, and MapGuide
2. Bentley Systems – Products that interface with its flagship MicroStation software package include Bentley Map and Bentley Map View.
3. Esri – Products include ArcMap, ArcGIS, ArcSDE, ArcIMS, ArcWeb services and ArcGIS Server.
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4. Global mapper – Work best with elevation data, 3D rendering, watershed delineation and LiDAR handling.
– Complicated volume calculation and terrain modification at your fingertip. Tools for Integrated Land and Water Information System...
5. Golden Software
– Surfer for gridding and contouring, – MapViewer for thematic mapping and spatial analysis, – Strater for well or borehole logging and cross sections, – Voxler for true 3D well and component mapping, – Didger for digitizing and coordinate conversion, and – Grapher for 2D and 3D graphing.
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GIS as a service SaaS – ArcGIS Online – CartoDB – Mapbox
PaaS – ArcGIS Online – Google Maps Javascript API version – Microsoft Bing Geocode Dataflow API
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DaaS • ArcGIS Online • Apple Maps • Google Maps • OpenStreetMap • Microsoft Bing
13 BHUVAN?
– Bhuvan allows users to view 2D and 3D images, along with information on soil, wasteland and water resources on the Indian subcontinent. – English, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu
14 BHUVAN.... BHUVAN.... BHUVAN.... Tools for Integrated Land and Water Information System...
GIS Live DVD – GIS Live DVD is a type of the thematic Live CD containing GIS/RS applications and related tutorials, and sample data sets.
– The general sense of a GIS Live DVD is to demonstrate the power of FOSS GIS and encourage users to start on FOSS GIS.
– A disc usually includes some selected Linux-based Windows applications for GIS and Remote Sensing use.
– Using this disc the end users can execute GIS functions to get experience in free and open source software solutions or solve some simple business operations.
18 Generalised Procedure to use geographic information system
1. Download and install or Web access the any geographic information system (GIS). Generalised Procedure to use geographic information system
2. Download of GIS Database from any reliable source:
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3. Import Database to the information software
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3. Process the Database to get useful information
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Main Functionalities:
For vectors- digitizing with mouse and/or digitizer, interpolation from isolines or points, calculation of segment and point density, pattern analysis.
For rasters- Distance calculation, creation of digital elevation model (DEM), calculation of slope/aspect, deriving attribute maps, classifying maps, manipulating maps with if statements, with Boolean logic, crossing maps.
For satellite imagery- creation of histograms, color composites, sampling and classification, filtering and multi band statistics
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24 Generalised Procedure to use any GIS.... Generalised Procedure to use any GIS.... SYMBOL OF TRUST Tools for Integrated Land and Water Information System...
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