DOCSLIB.ORG

Estonian Embassy in Stockholm (2019)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Estonian Embassy in Stockholm (2019) ESTONIAN EMBASSY IN STOCKHOLM Tyrgatan 3/3a, 11427, Stockholm +46 8 5451 2280, [email protected] stockholm.mfa.ee, FB: estembstockholm Swedish King Gustaf V on a visit to Estonia (June 1929). Planting of oaks in Kadriorg Palace park. The king is pictured in the central part of the photo wearing an admiral’s uniform. Photo by National Archive Swedish Crown Princess Victoria and Swedish Crown Princess Victoria President of the Republic of Estonia and Prince Daniel during their visit to Kersti Kaljulaid with their spouses Estonia, planting an oak in Kadriorg by the oak planted by King Gustaf V Park (August 2018). Photo by Annika (August 2018). Photo by Annika Haas – Estonian Ministry of Foreign Haas – Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1 Affairs ESTONIAN EMBASSY IN STOCKHOLM Tyrgatan 3/3a, 11427, Stockholm +46 8 5451 2280, [email protected] stockholm.mfa.ee, FB: estembstockholm Swedish King Gustaf V on a visit to Estonia (June 1929). Planting of oaks in Kadriorg Palace park. The king is pictured in the central part of the photo wearing an admiral’s uniform. Photo by National Archive Swedish Crown Princess Victoria and Swedish Crown Princess Victoria President of the Republic of Estonia and Prince Daniel during their visit to Kersti Kaljulaid with their spouses Estonia, planting an oak in Kadriorg by the oak planted by King Gustaf V Park (August 2018). Photo by Annika (August 2018). Photo by Annika Haas – Estonian Ministry of Foreign Haas – Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Affairs 1 July 1923 visiting Tallinn and Tartu, the in Narva for an event on June 2018 SELECTED CHRONOLOGY The Estonian-Swedish trade Crown Prince also visits Narva, 18 October to mark the victory RESTORATION OF Visit of the Estonian Navy’s agreement comes into force Haapsalu and coastal areas of King Karl XII over the forces minesweeper Sakala to OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IN where the Swedish minority of Peter I of Russia in 1700 DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Stockholm January 1925 mostly lives ESTONIA-SWEDEN RELATIONS The Swedish-Estonian Society June 1937 August 2018 is founded by 29 prominent May 1935 Swedish Foreign Minister Crown Princess Victoria and people from the Swedish Estonian Foreign Minister Julius Rickard Sandler visits Estonia Prince Daniel visit Estonia for government and society. Crown Seljamaa visits Stockholm national centenary celebra- September 1939 September 1917 January 1919 March 1920 Prince Gustaf Adolf becomes In the spring of 1990, September 1995 November 2006 tions. They also take part in the June and July 1935 The Bank of Estonia decides to Jaan Tõnisson proposes the idea The Estonian Provisional The Estonian government its first honorary member a popular movement is founded State visit of Estonian President Visit of President Toomas re-consecration of St Mary’s The official visit of the Swedish peg Estonian currency to the of a Baltic-Nordic Federation as Government appoints Arnold appoints Karl Menning as the to support the restoration of Lennart Meri to Sweden Hendrik Ilves to Sweden Church on the island of May 1928 Royal Navy to Estonia (visiting currency of Sweden as a neutral the aim of independent Estonian Posti as the Estonian Consul in Estonian diplomatic representa- Baltic independence. Naissaar Friedrich Karl Akel becomes Tallinn, Haapsalu, Pärnu, Ruhnu) country in the war at a rate of April 1996 September 2007 foreign policy to the Estonian Stockholm tive to the Scandinavian the first Estonian Envoy 1 Estonian kroon to 1 Swedish At noon on 79 Mondays from Swedish Prime Minister Göran Estonia was the focus of the Provincial Assembly countries, effective until March July 1935 January 1919 Extraordinary and Minister krona March 1990 to September Persson’s first foreign visit as 23rd Gothenburg Book Fair 1921 (based in Stockholm) Karl Robert Pusta is appointed 26 January 1918 Carl Axel Mothander signs Plenipotentiary to Sweden, 1991, well-attended meetings prime minister is to Estonia Visit of President Toomas as the new Estonian Envoy August 1940 Jaan Tõnisson arrives in a contract with the Estonian 5 February 1921 Norway and Denmark (based are held in 20-30 Swedish cities. Hendrik Ilves to Stockholm Extraordinary and Minister Diplomatic representations 1 May 1997 Stockholm as a member of the Temporary Government, Sweden recognises the Republic in Stockholm) At the heart of the movement Plenipotentiary to Sweden located in Tallinn receive an or- The Visa Abolition Agreement January 2011 first Estonian Foreign Delegation promising to recruit a contin- of Estonia de jure are large public assemblies on June 1928 (until December 1935) der from the Soviet occupation between Estonia and Sweden Visit of President Toomas gent of 300 Swedish troops to Norrmalmstorg, a square in May 1918 April 1921 A memorial to Swedish King forces to close their missions comes into effect Hendrik Ilves to Sweden fight on the Estonian side August 1935 Stockholm Ferdinand Kull arrives in Eduard Virgo is appointed as Gustav II Adolf, who founded within two weeks. On 15 August The new Swedish Envoy August 1999 January 2012 Stockholm as a member of the April 1919 the Estonian Consul and Chargé the University of Tartu in 1632, 1940, the Estonian Envoy in Extraordinary and Minister Official visit of Prime Minister Working visit of President first Estonian Foreign Delegation The temporary diplomatic d’Affaires to the Scandinavian is opened in Tartu to mark the Stockholm Heinrich Laretei Plenipotentiary to the Baltic 27 August 1991 Mart Laar to Sweden. In addi - Toomas Hendrik Ilves to Sweden representative of the Estonian countries, based in Stockholm 10th anniversary of the Republic announced the termination June-July 1918 states, Per Birger Johansson, The Kingdom of Sweden tion to ordinary protocol, the government, Eduard Virgo, (he served in the position with of Estonia. It is a gift from the of the legation’s activity, while January 2013 The Estonian Information presents his credentials in re-recognises the Republic of visit has symbolic parallels to arrives in Stockholm a hiatus until 1928) Swedish-Estonian Society refusing to recognise the President Toomas Hendrik Ilves Bureau is founded in Stockholm, Tallinn. He serves until July 1939 Estonia and two days later the the more distant past. Similarly occupation and annexation and attends the Själen Security headed by the poet Gustav June 1919 5 June 1921 August 1928 and is succeeded by Chargé Swedish Ambassador Lars Arne to the official visit of State Second Edition (2019) incorporation of Estonia into Conference Suits (active until December Otto A. Wallén is appointed The consecration of the first The new Swedish Envoy d’Affaires Svante Hellstedt Grundberg becomes the first Elder Jaan Tõnisson in 1928, Edited by Kristel Engman the Soviet Union First Edition (2010) 1918) as the Estonian Consul in Bishop of Estonia, Jakob Kukk, Extraordinary and Minister foreign ambassador to serve in Laar arrived in Stockholm on October 2014 June 1936 Compiled and edited by Stockholm. He remains on his by the Archbishop of Sweden, Plenipotentiary to the Baltic Autumn 1944 newly independent Estonia an Estonian naval vessel and Crown Princess Victoria and November-December 1919 Swedish King Gustaf V’s Tiiu Valmet post until April 1920 Nathan Söderblom states, Patrik Carl Reinhold Ca 33 000 Estonians and like in 1928, an official visit of Prince Daniel visit Estonia The Estonian special delegation nephew, Count Folke Berna- April 1992 Photos: National Archive of Reuterswärd, presents his 7920 Estonian Swedes flee high-ranking naval officers takes January 2017 (Ferdinand Kull, Eduard Laaman, June 1919 July 1921 dotte, visits Tallinn and State visit of Swedish King Estonia, Stockholm City Museum, credentials to the Estonian Estonia to Sweden place in parallel to the visit. The Joseph Goldarbeiter) is in Regular sea traffic established Direct flights between Haapsalu Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Visit of President Kersti Kaljulaid Annika Haas, Jaak T. Arendi, State Elder naval flagship Sulev was opened Stockholm to negotiate with between Tallinn and Stockholm Stockholm and Estonia begin Silvia to Estonia to Sweden Estonian Embassy in Stockholm August 1936 to the public at the same time Designed by Tuuli Aule the Swedish government over (S/S Kalevipoeg) September 1928 August 1921 The Estonian Government November 1993 May 2018 Printed by Tallinn Book Printers Estonian defence Estonian State Elder Jaan May 2002 ISBN 978-9985-9923-6-4 July 1919 Carl Einar Thure af Wirsén appoints Heinrich Laretei as Swedish Prime Minister Carl At Estonian, Latvian and Tõnisson makes an official visit King Carl XVI Gustaf and Lithuanian centenary celebra- December 1918-January 1919 The Swedish government Sweden’s Chargé d’Affaires in the Envoy Extraordinary and Bildt delivers an historic speech Estonian Embassy in Stockholm to Stockholm Queen Silvia take part in the The Estonian military delegation decides to re-establish a Estonia, presents his credentials Minister Plenipotentiary to in which he vows Sweden will tions in Skansen, Swedish Tallinn, 2019 © Estonian re-consecration of the Estonian (Otto Strandman, Viktor Mutt, consulate in Tallinn and appoints to the head of state, the State June 1929 Sweden, Norway and Denmark, not remain neutral if the Baltics Foreign Minister Margot Embassy in Stockholm Evangelical Lutheran Church’s Hans Pöhl) is in Stockholm to Olof Andreas Hedman as Vice Elder Visit of Swedish King Gustaf V residing in Stockholm are threatened by aggression Wallström announces the idea Swedish St Michael’s Church of bilateral cooperation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Kersti KALJULAID Is a Global Leader Being 5Th President of the Republic of Estonia
    Kersti KALJULAID is a global leader being 5th President of the Republic of Estonia. As a firm believer in multilateralism she has spectacular experiences in the fields of economy and energy as well as in public sector, European institutions and international level. Since 2016 President of the Republic of Estonia 2004-2016 Member of the European Court of Auditors 2002-2004 CFO and CEO in Energy sector 1999-2002 Economic Advisor to Prime Minister mr Mart LAAR 1994-1999 different positions in Investment Banking and Telecom sectors INVOLVEMENT IN ORGANISATIONS Since 2018 co-chair of UN High-Level Steering Group „Every Woman Every Child“ 2016-2019 Leading Estonian campaign to UN Security Council 2020-2021 2012-2016 Chair of the Council of University of Tartu 2001-2004 Member of the Supervisory Board of the Estonian Genome Centre Kersti Kaljulaid is also a member of World Bank’s Advisory Panel for the World Development Report 2021 and member of the European Council on Foreign Relations Council. LANGUAGE SKILLS She is fluent in English and French and also speaks German, Finnish, Russian. EDUCATION She graduated from the University of Tartu in 1992 in the field of genetics in the Faculty of Natural Sciences and completed master's studies in the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration in 2001. „Estonia regained its independence in 1991. With 30 years we have gone through comprehensive, rapid and successful reforms, we have built the first truly digital society and developed one of the best education systems in the world according to OECD. These are the experiences I want to bring to the OECD in order to be prepared for the challenges we will face in the next decades.“ Kersti KALJULAID President of the Republic of Estonia .
    [Show full text]
  • Gammalsvenskby the True Story of the Swedish Settlement in the Ukraine
    Gammalsvenskby The true story of the Swedish settlement in the Ukraine Author: Jörgen Hedman © Copyright The people of Gammalsvenskby in the Ukraine, a summary In the year 1781 one thousand Swedish peasants from Dagö in Estonia were transported to southern Ukraine, where Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia, gave them new land. After an eight-month journey through Russia, during which half of them lost their lives the Swedes reached their destination. Instead of the houses and the cultivated land they had been promised an empty plain met them. Suffering extreme hardships and often tormented by bandit raids, famine and diseases, they built a settlement that was called Gammalsvenskby. It is not difficult to be fascinated by Gammalsvenskby and the destiny of its inhabitants. Here we meet Swedes who could witness history change the world, Swedes who, although being tormented by famine and diseases, worked hard and broke new soil in a cosmopolitan and unstable corner of Europe. This part of the world was the scene of events of international and domestic significance: the Crimean War 1853-56, World War 1, the October-revolution, bandit-raids during the said revolution, the Civil war between the White and the Red armies. This was followed by the Collectivization of the farmers, Stalin’s terror during the thirties, the Second World War and the German occupation in 1941-44, which for the people of Gammalsvenskby ended with a transportation to camps in Germany. Later in 1945 this led to the deportation to labor camps in Siberia. Treachery and exploitation runs all through their history: 17th- and 18th- century Swedish landlords on Dagö, who infringed their rights, betrayed them.
    [Show full text]
  • Twenty Years After the Iron Curtain: the Czech Republic in Transition Zdeněk Janík March 25, 2010
    Twenty Years after the Iron Curtain: The Czech Republic in Transition Zdeněk Janík March 25, 2010 Assistant Professor at Masaryk University in the Czech Republic n November of last year, the Czech Republic commemorated the fall of the communist regime in I Czechoslovakia, which occurred twenty years prior.1 The twentieth anniversary invites thoughts, many times troubling, on how far the Czechs have advanced on their path from a totalitarian regime to a pluralistic democracy. This lecture summarizes and evaluates the process of democratization of the Czech Republic’s political institutions, its transition from a centrally planned economy to a free market economy, and the transformation of its civil society. Although the political and economic transitions have been largely accomplished, democratization of Czech civil society is a road yet to be successfully traveled. This lecture primarily focuses on why this transformation from a closed to a truly open and autonomous civil society unburdened with the communist past has failed, been incomplete, or faced numerous roadblocks. HISTORY The Czech Republic was formerly the Czechoslovak Republic. It was established in 1918 thanks to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and his strong advocacy for the self-determination of new nations coming out of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after the World War I. Although Czechoslovakia was based on the concept of Czech nationhood, the new nation-state of fifteen-million people was actually multi- ethnic, consisting of people from the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia), Slovakia, Subcarpathian Ruthenia (today’s Ukraine), and approximately three million ethnic Germans. Since especially the Sudeten Germans did not join Czechoslovakia by means of self-determination, the nation- state endorsed the policy of cultural pluralism, granting recognition to the various ethnicities present on its soil.
    [Show full text]
  • SWOT Analysis of Healthcare in Argentina 16
    Global Longevity Governance Landscape 50 Countries Big Data Comparative Analysis of Longevity Progressiveness www.aginganalytics.com 50 Regions Practical Recommendations Countries with Low HALE and Life Expectancy and High Gap: 3 Recommendations United States Iran In death ratio some improvements are observed owing to The health system is one of the most complex systems with declining death rates from the three leading causes of death many variables and uncertainties. The management of this in the country -- heart disease, cancer and stroke. But in system needs trained managers. One of the current recent years, in United States costs of healthcare provision shortcomings is lack of those specifically trained for this have started to rise much more quickly with greater use of purpose. There is all high income inequality in the country. modern technological medicine. While spending is highest, Government should improve access in healthcare coverage the United States ranks not in the top in the world for its for the families with a low income. levels of health care. So, first of all, in order to improve HALE Turkey government should improve health insurance for poor Turkey faces a health care system inefficiencies. Infant population as there is big income inequality and reduce high mortality rate is relatively high and not all population had administrative costs for cost efficiency. The government health insurance, resulting in unequal healthcare access should focus on medical advances, some improvements in among different population groups. It is need to improve lifestyle, and screening and diagnosis. access for high-quality healthcare services and target the Estonia main causes of death through government initiatives.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Prime Ministers of Estonia
    SNo Name Took office Left office Political party 1 Konstantin Päts 24-02 1918 26-11 1918 Rural League 2 Konstantin Päts 26-11 1918 08-05 1919 Rural League 3 Otto August Strandman 08-05 1919 18-11 1919 Estonian Labour Party 4 Jaan Tõnisson 18-11 1919 28-07 1920 Estonian People's Party 5 Ado Birk 28-07 1920 30-07 1920 Estonian People's Party 6 Jaan Tõnisson 30-07 1920 26-10 1920 Estonian People's Party 7 Ants Piip 26-10 1920 25-01 1921 Estonian Labour Party 8 Konstantin Päts 25-01 1921 21-11 1922 Farmers' Assemblies 9 Juhan Kukk 21-11 1922 02-08 1923 Estonian Labour Party 10 Konstantin Päts 02-08 1923 26-03 1924 Farmers' Assemblies 11 Friedrich Karl Akel 26-03 1924 16-12 1924 Christian People's Party 12 Jüri Jaakson 16-12 1924 15-12 1925 Estonian People's Party 13 Jaan Teemant 15-12 1925 23-07 1926 Farmers' Assemblies 14 Jaan Teemant 23-07 1926 04-03 1927 Farmers' Assemblies 15 Jaan Teemant 04-03 1927 09-12 1927 Farmers' Assemblies 16 Jaan Tõnisson 09-12 1927 04-121928 Estonian People's Party 17 August Rei 04-121928 09-07 1929 Estonian Socialist Workers' Party 18 Otto August Strandman 09-07 1929 12-02 1931 Estonian Labour Party 19 Konstantin Päts 12-02 1931 19-02 1932 Farmers' Assemblies 20 Jaan Teemant 19-02 1932 19-07 1932 Farmers' Assemblies 21 Karl August Einbund 19-07 1932 01-11 1932 Union of Settlers and Smallholders 22 Konstantin Päts 01-11 1932 18-05 1933 Union of Settlers and Smallholders 23 Jaan Tõnisson 18-05 1933 21-10 1933 National Centre Party 24 Konstantin Päts 21-10 1933 24-01 1934 Non-party 25 Konstantin Päts 24-01 1934
    [Show full text]
  • 'Russia Is a Threat': Estonia Frets About Its Neighbor
    Opinions ‘Russia is a threat’: Estonia frets about its neighbor In an interview, President Kersti Kaljulaid says Trump must stand up to Moscow. By Lally Weymouth March 24 Lally Weymouth is a senior associate editor at The Washington Post. TALLINN, ESTONIA Estonian President Kersti Kaljulaid is treading carefully. Sitting in her office this past week, she said she believes Vice President Pence’s assurances that, despite President Trump’s skepticism, the United States is committed to NATO. A NATO battalion just arrived to make this small and vulnerable Baltic nation feel safer from Russia, a powerful neighbor historically ambivalent about its independence. Kaljulaid, chosen last year as a compromise candidate, spoke to The Washington Post’s Lally Weymouth about Vladimir Putin, NATO and a childhood spent under Soviet occupation. Edited excerpts follow. Q. Is Russia a threat? Are you worried? A. Yes, I am worried. Russia is a threat. Not a physical threat to any NATO country but [a threat] to the international security architecture. In 2008, they moved on Georgia. Q. When Russia occupied Abkhazia and South Ossetia? A. That was the first sign. It blew over very quickly — European countries went back to business and life continued. This, of course, taught President Putin a lesson: He could push a little more. Q. He got the message he could do whatever he wants? A. If he does it bit by bit, yes. When he went into Crimea, it stopped for a while because the European countries and America this time recognized that they needed to draw a red line.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Estonia (Banking and Cürbency Befobm) 7 % Loan, 1927
    [Distributed to the Council and C. 186. M. 60. 1928. ii the Members of the League.] (F. 514.) Geneva, August 3rd, 1928. LEAGUE OF NATIONS REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA (BANKING AND CÜRBENCY BEFOBM) 7 % LOAN, 1927 FIRST ANNUAL REPORT BY THE TRUSTEE covering the period from June 15lh, 1927, to June 30th, 1928. I ntroduction . In conformity with the decision of the Council of September 15th, 1927. I have the honour to submit to the Council of the League of Nations my first annual report as Trustee for the " Republic of Estonia (Banking and Currency Reform) 7 % Loan. 1927 ”, it may be useful to give in this first report a somewhat detailed description of the execution of the scheme and of the duties of the Trustee. The essential features of the Estonian banking and currency reform, on which the Estonian Government and the financial experts of the League had already been working for some time, are contained in the Protocol signed at Geneva on December 10th. 1926. by the Estonian Minister of Finance, and approved by the Council on the same day. As provided for in this Protocol, the following laws were passed by the Estonian Parliament early in May 1927. viz., (1) the Eesti Pank Statutes Law, (2) the Monetary Law of Estonia, (3) the Law to terminate the Issue of Treasury and " Change ” Notes, and (4) the Foreign Loan Law 1. Thereupon, it was permissible to open negotiations for the loan which was to be issued under the auspices of the League and which was to produce an effective net yield of £1.350,000.
    [Show full text]
  • Reforms in the Hospital Healthcare System in Macedonia, Estonia and Hungary
    Reforms in the Hospital Healthcare System in Macedonia, Estonia and Hungary An overview of the implemented reforms, the reactions from stakeholders and evaluation of policies Introduction The aim of this study is to explore healthcare reforms of the public health system in Estonia, Hungary and Macedonia in terms of changes in the level of corporatization, autonomization and decentralization of the health care sector – commonly denominated as New Public Management (NPM), within the period of most recent and intensive reforms for each respective country. The study at hand consists of three individual country reports which reflect and assess the reforms which were implemented within their respective national contexts. Each of the reports, firstly provides an overview of the reforms implemented, while also assessing how these reforms fit within the NPM paradigm. Subsequently, each country report explores the effects of the reforms on health care employees and whether the changes had triggered some kind of collective responses by labor unions and the general public. Each country report concludes by highlighting the potential impact of employees and the public’s reaction in shaping the course of healthcare sector reforms and in the quality of health services in general. Finally, this study concludes with a comparative overview of the general trends in healthcare reforms in all three countries as representative of post-socialist transitioning states. Methodology Reforms in health care sectors were traced by sector-specific government programs and changes in the related legislation. Reaction of employees and the public were mapped through daily news and other media sources, surveys and opinion polls, as well as written declarations and petitions of labor unions and other related employee associations and patients’ representatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Crown Agents Bank's Currency Capabilities
    Crown Agents Bank’s Currency Capabilities August 2020 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Majors Australia Australian Dollar AUD ✓ ✓ - - M Canada Canadian Dollar CAD ✓ ✓ - - M Denmark Danish Krone DKK ✓ ✓ - - M Europe European Euro EUR ✓ ✓ - - M Japan Japanese Yen JPY ✓ ✓ - - M New Zealand New Zealand Dollar NZD ✓ ✓ - - M Norway Norwegian Krone NOK ✓ ✓ - - M Singapore Singapore Dollar SGD ✓ ✓ - - E Sweden Swedish Krona SEK ✓ ✓ - - M Switzerland Swiss Franc CHF ✓ ✓ - - M United Kingdom British Pound GBP ✓ ✓ - - M United States United States Dollar USD ✓ ✓ - - M Africa Angola Angolan Kwanza AOA ✓* - - - F Benin West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Botswana Botswana Pula BWP ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Burkina Faso West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cameroon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F C.A.R. Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Chad Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cote D’Ivoire West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F DR Congo Congolese Franc CDF ✓ - - ✓ F Congo (Republic) Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Egypt Egyptian Pound EGP ✓ ✓ - - F Equatorial Guinea Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Eswatini Swazi Lilangeni SZL ✓ ✓ - - F Ethiopia Ethiopian Birr ETB ✓ ✓ N/A - F 1 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Africa Gabon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Gambia Gambian Dalasi GMD ✓ - - - F Ghana Ghanaian Cedi GHS ✓ ✓ - ✓ F Guinea Guinean Franc GNF ✓ - ✓ - F Guinea-Bissau West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ - - F Kenya Kenyan Shilling KES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F Lesotho Lesotho Loti LSL ✓ ✓ - - E Liberia Liberian
    [Show full text]
  • A History of German-Scandinavian Relations
    A History of German – Scandinavian Relations A History of German-Scandinavian Relations By Raimund Wolfert A History of German – Scandinavian Relations Raimund Wolfert 2 A History of German – Scandinavian Relations Table of contents 1. The Rise and Fall of the Hanseatic League.............................................................5 2. The Thirty Years’ War............................................................................................11 3. Prussia en route to becoming a Great Power........................................................15 4. After the Napoleonic Wars.....................................................................................18 5. The German Empire..............................................................................................23 6. The Interwar Period...............................................................................................29 7. The Aftermath of War............................................................................................33 First version 12/2006 2 A History of German – Scandinavian Relations This essay contemplates the history of German-Scandinavian relations from the Hanseatic period through to the present day, focussing upon the Berlin- Brandenburg region and the northeastern part of Germany that lies to the south of the Baltic Sea. A geographic area whose topography has been shaped by the great Scandinavian glacier of the Vistula ice age from 20000 BC to 13 000 BC will thus be reflected upon. According to the linguistic usage of the term
    [Show full text]
  • Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank) Act – Riigi Teataja
    Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank) Act – Riigi Teataja https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/513042015009/consolide Issuer: Riigikogu Type: act In force from: 29.03.2015 In force until: In force Translation published: 13.04.2015 Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank) Act Passed 18.05.1993 RT I 1993, 28, 498 Entry into force 18.06.1993 Chapter 1 General Provisions § 1. Legal foundations of the Bank of Estonia(Eesti Pank) (1) The Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank) - hereinafter, ‘the Bank of Estonia’ - is the central bank of the Republic of Estonia and a member of the European System of Central Banks. The Bank of Estonia is the legal successor to the Bank of Estonia which was established as the central bank of the Republic of Estonia in 1919. [RT I 2006, 29, 219 - entry into force 08.07.2006] (2) The Bank of Estonia is a legal person with its own Statute, seal, coat of arms and other insignia permitted by the law. (3) The Bank of Estonia operates pursuant to the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia, the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia Amendment Act, the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank, legislation of the European Central Bank, this Act, other Acts and its Statute. [RT I 2010, 22, 108 - entry into force 01.01.2011] (4) The legal status of the Bank of Estonia may only be changed by the passage of a Bank of Estonia Act Amendment Act.
    [Show full text]
  • Forschungsarbeit Von Katrin Lisa Laius
    Tallinna Saksa Gümnaasium FRIEDENSGEMEINDE NÕMME Forschungsarbeit Katrin-Lisa Laius 10.a Betreuerin: Küllike Kütt Tallinn 2018 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS EINLEITUNG .........................................................................................................................................3 1. FRIEDENSKIRCHE NÕMME .....................................................................................................5 1.1 . Zur Geschichte ......................................................................................................................5 2. FRIEDENSGEMEINDE NÕMME ...............................................................................................7 3. ERLÖSERKIRCHE NÕMME ......................................................................................................9 3.1. Zur Geschichte .......................................................................................................................... 10 3.2. Deutsche Gemeinde der Erlöser – eine deutsche Gemeinde.................................................. 11 4. NIKOLAI VON GLEHN ............................................................................................................. 12 4.1 Wer war er? ................................................................................................................................ 12 4.2. Nikolai von Glehn als Gründer von Nõmme .......................................................................... 12 5. ANALYSE VON DER GESCHICHTE.....................................................................................
    [Show full text]