CURRICULUM VITAE: THEODOR G. NEETHLING

1. Contact data

Postal address: Department of Political Studies and Governance Internal Box 38 University of the Free State PO Box 339 Bloemfontein 9300

Telephone numbers: 083-412-6796 (cell) / 051-401-9783 (w) E-mail: [email protected]

2. Tertiary education

B.A. degree (1986) – Potchefstroom University (now North-West University) Honours B.A. degree (1987) – Potchefstroom University (currently North-West University) Field of study: International Politics Magister Artium (1988) – Potchefstroom University (now North-West University) Field of study: International Politics Doctor Litterarum et Philosophiae (1992) – University of Field of study: International Politics

3. Career record

Period Institution Post January 1989 – December 1991 SA Air Force Communication Operations Officer: Air Force Base Swartkop (Lieutenant)

1 January 1991 – 31 March Department of Constitutional Assistant Planner (1991) 1997 Development, Pretoria Planner (1992-1993) See Appendix D for tasks, projects and research Senior Planner (1995-1996) contributions. Principal Planner (1996-1997)

1 April 1997 – 31 March 2009 Faculty of Science Senior Researcher: Centre for (Military Academy), Military Studies (1997-2002) See Appendixes B and C for Stellenbosch University academic/research Associate Professor: Department of Political 2 contributions and related Science (Mil.) (2002-2005) activities Professor: Department of Political Science (Mil.) (2005- 2009) Note: Also Departmental Chair: 2003-2009

1 April 2009 → Faculty of the Humanities, Professor: Department of University of the Free State Political Studies and See Appendix B for Governance academic/research Note: Also Head of contributions and related Department: April 2009 to activities June 2020

4. Research outputs and scholarly work

2009- National Research Foundation rating: Rated as C2 category researcher (second rating in 2014 2014 and third in 2021) by the National Research Foundation, i.e. researchers with a sustained record of productivity in the field who are recognised by their peers as having produced a body of quality 2015- work, the core of which has coherence and attests to ongoing engagement with the field. 2020

2021-

Edited book Co-editor with Heidi Hudson: Post-conflict Reconstruction and Development in Africa, Cape Town: UCT Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-77582-004-8.

Contributions to scholarly books/conference proceedings in book format 1. Participation in sub-Saharan peace support operations, in Protecting sub-Saharan Africa: the military challenge, L du Plessis and M Hough (eds.), HSRC Publishers: Pretoria, 1999. ISBN 0-7969- 1900-3. 2. Towards joint ventures: use of UN observer missions in Africa, in From peacekeeping to complex emergencies: peace support missions in Africa, J Cilliers and G Mills (eds.), SA Institute of International Affairs and Institute for Security Studies: Johannesburg, 1999. ISBN 1-874890-99-0. 3. Conditions for successful entry and exit: an assessment of SADC allied operations in Lesotho, in Prague to Pretoria: towards a global consensus on the military doctrine of peace support operations, M Malan and C Lord (eds.), Institute for Security Studies (Pretoria) and Institute of International Relations (Prague): Prague, 2000. ISMN 8—85864-85-1. 4. Southern African military interventions in the 1990s: the case of SADC in Lesotho, in Managing African conflicts: the challenge of military intervention, L du Plessis and M Hough (eds.), HSRC Publishers: Pretoria, 2000. ISBN 0-7969-1959-3. 5. Globalism, multilateralism and the promotion of (sub)regional peace and security: the role of SADC in Southern Africa, in A United States of Africa?, E Maloka (ed.), Africa Institute of South Africa: Pretoria, 2001. ISBN 0-7983-0146-5. 6. The White Paper on South African participation in international peace missions: reflections on an important foreign policy document, in South Africa since 1994: lessons and prospects, S Buthelezi and E le Roux (eds.), Africa Institute of South Africa: Pretoria, 2002. ISBN 0-7983-0153-8. 7. Modern Political Dictionary/Nuwerwetse Politieke Woordeboek. Compiled by the Committee for Political and Related Terminology in Southern African Languages, Rand Afrikaans University (now Universiy of Johannesburg). RAUPers: Johannesburg, 2002. ISBN 0-86970-561-X. 3 8. The Defence Force and peacekeeping: linking policy and capacity, in Apartheid past, renaissance future: South Africa’s foreign policy 1994-2004, E. Sidiropoulous (ed.), Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs, 2004. ISBN 1-919969-22-5. 9. Socio-economic challenges, foreign policy demands and the primary role orientation of the military in post-apartheid South Africa, in Strategic Planning in Peace Time, Military History Working Group, Ljubljana: Slovenia. 2008. ISBN 978-961-6177-20-7. 10. Pursuing sustainable peace through post-conflict peacebuilding: The case of Sierra Leone, in Africa on the way to independence (1930-1960), “Second memorial II Potekhin Readings”, Russian Academy of Science: Moscow, 2009. ISBN 978-5-91298-055-8. 11. Peace and reconstruction in post-electoral DRC: The role of MONUC and future prospects, in G Swart (ed.), A vanquished peace: Prospects for successful reconstruction of the Democratic Republic of Congo, London: Adonis & Abbey. 2010. ISBN 978-1-906704-80-3. 12. UN peacekeeping operations in Africa: Reflections on developments, trends and the way forward. In F Vrey, T Mandrup & A Esterhuyse (eds.), Proceedings of On Strategy: Strategic Theory and Contemporary African Armed Conflicts, Stellenbosch: Sun Media. 2010. ISBN 781919985398. 13. Post-conflict programming under challenge in the post-electoral DRC. In T Neethling and H Hudson (eds.), Post-conflict Reconstruction and Development in Africa, Cape Town: UCT Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-77582-004-8. 14. Post-war programming in Sierra Leone: Revisiting the challenges and achievements of the UN. In T Neethling and H Hudson (eds.), Post-conflict Reconstruction and Development in Africa: Concepts, Roles, Policy and Practice. Cape Town: UCT Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-77582-004-8 (co-authored with L.Olivier and B. Mokoena). 15. Towards ‘defence, security and development’: Whither South African defence thinking on post- conflict missions? In T Neethling and H Hudson (eds.), Post-conflict Reconstruction and Development in Africa, Cape Town: UCT Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-77582-004-8. 16. South African in a complex, regional, continental and global order: Understanding the key issues and dynamics. In De Jager, N. (ed.) South African Politics: An Introduction. Cape Town: Oxford University Press (Southern Africa), 2015, ISBN 9780199050963. 17. South Africa and maritime security: Interests, objectives, policies and challenges. In Hensel, H. and Gupta, A. (eds.) Naval Powers in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific. Routledge: New York, 2018, ISBN 978-1-138-30366-9. 18. The dilemma relating to the modernisation of the SANDF and its external role: From Defence Review 1989 to Defence Review 2015. In Ratuva, S., Compel, R. and Aguilar, S. (eds.) Guns and Roses: Comparative Civil-military Relations in the Changing Security Environment. Routledge: New York, 2019, ISBN 978-981-13-2007-1. 19. The South African Navy and regional maritime security: The dilemma of political-strategic objectives and financial constraints. In Duarte, E. and de Barros, MC. Navies and Maritime Policies in the South Atlantic. Palgrave Macmillan/Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2019, ISBN 978-3-030-10599-0. 20. South Africa. In Hensel, H. (ed.) Air Powers in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific. Routledge: New York, 2020, ISBN 978-0-367-49693-7. 21. South African in a complex, regional, continental and global order: Understanding the key issues and dynamics. In De Jager, N. (ed.) South African Politics: An Introduction. (2nd edition) Cape Town: Oxford University Press (Southern Africa), 2021, ISBN 9780190734497.

Articles in peer-reviewed, listed journals 1. South African peace support operations in Africa: challenges and considerations. Africa Insight, vol 27, no 3, 1997. 2. The South African military and peace support operations: responding to the challenges and preparing for engagement. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 27, 1997. 3. The US response to African peace-keeping requirements: perspectives on the African Crisis Response Initiative and beyond. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XX, no 1, May 1998. 4. The South African Navy in a changed environment – facing the challenges of peace-keeping responsibilities. Discussion Papers in International Relations of the University of the Witwatersrand, vol 2, issue 3, 1998. 4 5. Maintaining international peace and security: reflections on peace-support operations in Africa. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 28, no 1, 1998. 6. Globalism, global governance and the promotion of security: reflections on Southern Africa. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 28, no 2, 1998. 7. Military intervention in Lesotho: perspectives on Operation Boleas and beyond. Online Journal of Peace and Conflict Resolution, issue 2.2, May 1999. 8. Suid-Afrika en vredesteunoperasies: perspektiewe op uitgangspunte en oorwegings. Journal for Contemporary History, vol 24, no 1, June 1999. 9. Peacekeeping in Africa: reflections on developments and trends. Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 64, no 4, 1999. 10. Limitations of UN peacekeeping operations where conflict did not result in victory for any side: Democratic Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone. Journal of Peace, Conflict and Military Studies (of the University of Zimbabwe), vol 1, no 2, November 2000. 11. Peacekeeping challenges in the DRC. Africa Insight, vol 30, no 3-4, January 2001. 12. Whither peacekeeping in Africa? Assessing the role of the United Nations. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XXII, no 2, November 2001. 13. Military forces and non-traditional military roles: assessing post- developments and some implications for the SANDF. Journal for Contemporary History, vol 27, no 1, April 2002. 14. Sub-regional peacekeeping arrangements in Africa: advantages, disadvantages and reflections on the way forward. Development Policy Management Bulletin (of the Ethiopian-based Development Policy Management Forum.), vol ix, no 3, June 2002. 15. The emerging South African profile in Africa: reflections on the significance of South Africa’s entrance into peacekeeping. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, vol 2, no 2, 2002. 16. The UN in the aftermath of the crisis in Sierra Leone: has anything changed since May 2000?, Strategic Studies (of the Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad, Pakistan), vol XXII, no 2, Summer 2002. 17. Peacekeeping in Africa: who are the role-players and what are the constraints? Journal of Contemporary History, vol 27, no 2, December 2002. 18. South Africa’s military potency: too lean or too mean? Africa Insight, vol 32, no 4, December 2002. 19. Pursuing a security community in Southern Africa: is it possible after all? Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XXV, no 1, May 2003. 20. The South African military and peacekeeping: reflections on conditions, capacity-building and prospects. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 31, no 1, 2003. 21. Conducting operations in the realm of peace and security. Small Wars & Insurgencies (of the Centre for International Studies, University of Cambridge), vol 14, no 2, Summer 2003. 22. South Africa’s evolving role in peacekeeping: national interest and international responsibilities. Journal for Military and Strategic Studies (of the Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute, Calgary), vol 6, no 2, Fall 2003. 23. International peacekeeping trends: the significance of African contributions to African peacekeeping requirements. Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies, vol 31, no 1, May 2004. 24. Keeping the peace between Ethiopia and Eritrea: reflections on the involvement of the UN and other role-players. Africa Insight, vol 34, no 1, March 2004. 25. The development of normative theory in International Relations: some practical implications for norm-based and value-based scholarly inquiry. Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 69, no 1, 2004. 26. Pursuing a policy framework for peace and security in Africa: developments, progress and challenges. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol xxvi, no 2, November 2004. 27. Realising the African Standby Force as a Pan-African ideal: progress, prospects and challenges. Journal of Military and Strategic Studies (of the Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute, Calgary), vol 8, no 1, Fall 2005. 28. The security-development nexus and the imperative of peacebuilding with special reference to the African context. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, vol 5, no 1, 2005. 29. The relevance of Political Sciences at the South African Military Academy: context, comparative perspectives and reflections. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol xxviii, no 1, May 2006. 5 30. Working towards an African peacekeeping capability: key issues, challenges and dilemmas in Darfur. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 34, no 2, 2006. 31. The importance and significance of peace studies with special reference to South Africa’s political- security role in Africa. Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 71, no 2,3,4, 2006. 32. Military spending, socio-economic challenges and foreign demands: appraising South Africa’s predicament, African Security Review, vol 15, no 4, 2006. 33. Pursuing sustainable peace through post-conflict peacebuilding: the case of Sierra Leone. African Security Review, vol 16, no 3, 2007. 34. Pursuing an effective African peacekeeping capability: what could be learned from Burundi and Darfur (Sudan). Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol xxix, no 2, November 2007. 35. Establishing AFRICOM: Pressing questions, political concerns and future prospects. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 36, no 1, 2008. 36. Whither peacekeeping in Africa: revisiting the evolving role of the United Nations. African Security Review, vol 18, no 1, 2009. 37. UN-AU burden-sharing and hybridisation in contemporary peacekeeping context with specific reference to UNAMID. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XXXI, no 1, 2009. 38. Piracy around Africa’s west and east coasts: a comparative political perspective. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 38, no 3, 2010. 39. Piracy on the African east coast: a political science perspective. Journal of Contemporary History, vol 35, no 2, 2010. 40. From MONUC to MONUSCO and beyond: prospects for reconstruction, state-building and security governance in the DRC. South African Journal of International Affairs, vol 18, no 1, April, 2011. 41. The SANDF as an instrument for peacekeeping in Africa: a critical analysis. Journal of Contemporary History, vol 36, no 1, 2011. 42. Toward the end of UN peacekeeping in the DRC, Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, vol 23, issue 2, 2011. 43. Reflections on norm dynamics: South African foreign policy and the no-fly zone over Libya. South African Journal of International Affairs, vol 19, no 1, April, 2012. 44. South Africa, the African Union and international intervention in Libya: a critical appraisal. The Australasian Review of African Studies, vol 33, no 2, December 2012. 45. South Africa’s foreign policy and Africa: Continental partner or hegemon. Africa Review, vol 4, no 2, 2012 (with T Tjemolane (first author) and A Schoeman (third author)). 46. Considerations on defence thinking in post-1994 South Africa with special reference to post-conflict reconstruction and development. Scientia Militaria Special Centenary Issue, vol 40, no 3, 2012. 47. The Lord’s Resistance Army in the DRC: the problem of ungoverned spaces and related regional insecurity. Africa Insight, vol 43, no 1, June 2013. 48. Revisiting South Africa’s contemporary political risk profile. Southern Africa Peace and Security Studies, vol 2, no 1, 2013. 49. Rebel movements in the DRC: the phenomena of sub-national terrorism and ungoverned spaces. African Security Review, vol 23, no 4, 2014. 50. Pre-deployment preparation of military nurses of the South African National Defence Force for participation in peace support operations. Curationis, vol 37, no 1, 2014 (with JD Jumat (first author) and MC Bezuidenhout (second author)). 51. Rebel movements in the DRC as sub-national terrorists and the need for appropriate counter measures. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, vol 10, no 3, 2014. 52. South Africa and AFRICOM: reflections on a lukewarm relationship. South African Journal of International Affairs, vol 22, no 1, April, 2015. 53. Theoretical approaches in International Relations: the South African military as a foreign policy instrument. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 43, no 2, 2015 (with Laetitia Olivier and Francois Vreӱ). 54. ’s peacekeeping contributions and the evolution of contemporary Chinese strategic considerations. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol 37, no 2, November 2015. 55. An update on South Africa’s political risk profile in 2015/16. New Contree, no 75, July 2016. 56. South Africa’s foreign policy and the BRICS formation: reflections on the quest for the ‘right’ economic-diplomatic strategy. Insight on Africa, vol 9, no 3, 2017. 6 57. ’n Oorsig van die problematiek rakende die modernisering van die SANW vir deelname aan multinasionale vredesteunoperasies in Afrika (“An overview of the problems concerning the modernisation of the SANDF for participation in multinational peace support operations in Africa”). Litnet Akademies, vol 14, no 2, 2017. 58. China’s evolving role and approach to international peacekeeping. The cases of Mali and South Sudan. Australasian Review of African Studies, vol 38, no 2, 2017. 59. Regional agency and hybridisation in African peacekeeping: Revisiting the cases of AMIS and UNAMID in Sudan. Ante Portas – Security Studies, vol 2, no 9, 2017. 60. China se eerste oorsese militêre basis in Djiboeti: ’n kontekstualisering van die oogmerke, politieke belange en toekomsmoontlikhede (“China’s first overseas military base in Djibouti: A contextualisation of the objectives, political interests and future prospects”). Litnet Akademies, vol 16, no 2, 2019. 61. The entanglement between peacekeeping and counterterrorism. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, vol 19, no 2, 2019. 62. Collecting evidence on the use of parliamentary oversight roles: A South African case study. African Evaluation Journal, vol 8, no 1, 2019 (with W Janse van Rensburg (first author) and F Vreÿ (second author)). 63. Dynamics of Africa’s development potential and prospects: A critical review of eight key political- economic indicators. Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies, vol 4, no 11, 2020. 64. From Boleas to Bangui: Parliamentary oversight of South African defence deployments. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, vol 48, no 1, 2020 (with W Janse van Rensburg (first author) and F Vreÿ (second author)). 65. Assessing Russia’s new interaction with Africa: Energy diplomacy, arms exports and mineral resource markets. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol 42, no 2, November/December, 2020.

Research papers delivered 1. The prospects of South African involvement in peace support operations in Africa: challenges and considerations. Paper presented at the Biennial Congress of the SA Political Studies Association, University of North West, Mmabatho, 8-10 October 1997. 2. The United Nations and the promotion of African security: reflections on peace support operations. Paper presented at the Research Colloquium of the SA Political Studies Association, University of Pretoria (Hammanskraal Campus), 9-11 September 1998. 3. Maintaining international peace and security: reflections on peace support operations in Africa. Paper presented at an international symposium on International peace and security: the African experience, hosted by the Institute for Security Studies and the SA Military Academy, Saldanha, 21-23 September 1998. 4. Towards joint ventures: the use of UN observer missions in Africa. Paper presented at an international symposium, From peacekeeping to complex emergencies? Peace support missions in Africa, hosted by the Institute for Security Studies and the SA Institute of International Affairs, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 25 March 1999. (Note: invited speaker.) 5. Intervention in Lesotho: reflections on the SANDF’s participation in Operation Boleas. Paper presented at the Bienniel Congress of the SA Political Studies Association, SA Military Academy, Saldanha, 29 June – 2 July 1999. 6. Conditions for successful entry and exit: an analysis with specific reference to SADC allied operations in Lesotho. Paper presented at the second international workshop, Towards global consensus on peace support operations: the African dimension, presented by the Institute for Security Studies (Pretoria) and the Institute for International Relations (Prague), Pretoria, 21-23 October 1999. (Note: invited speaker.) 7. Globalism, multilateralism and the promotion of (sub)regional peace and security: the role of SADC in Southern Africa. Paper presented at the 40th Anniversary Conference of the Africa Institute of SA on A United States of Africa, Pretoria, 1 June 2000. 8. The South African military and peacekeeping: reflections on conditions, capacity building and prospects. Paper presented at a conference, South Africa at war in the twentieth century, SA Military Academy, Saldanha, 4-6 September 2000. 7 9. Peacekeeping in the DR Congo: the response of the United Nations. Paper presented at the Millennium Colloquium of the SA Political Studies Association, Bloemfontein Campus of Vista University, 20-22 September 2000. 10. Peacekeeping requirements in Africa: responding to current challenges. Paper presented at a conference, The United Nations and regional chapter VIII organisations before, during and after armed conflict. Danish United Nations Association, UN House, Copenhagen, Denmark, 28-29 October 2000. 11. The White Paper on South African participation in international peace missions: reflections on an important foreign policy document. Paper presented at a colloquium of the Africa Institute of SA, South Africa since 1994, Pretoria, 30 May – 1 June 2001. 12. Limitations of UN peacekeeping operations where peace settlements have been agreed upon but not implemented: Democratic Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone. Paper presented at the 2001 Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research Standing Group on International Relations, University of Kent in Canterbury, Canterbury, , 8-10 September 2001. 13. The African Union and peacekeeping: challenges and possibilities. Paper presented at a Workshop of the Africa Institute of SA and SaferAfrica, Strengthening the conflict resolution and peacekeeping mechanisms within the African Union, Pretoria, 27 November 2001. (Note: invited speaker.) 14. The emerging South African profile in Africa: reflections on military planning. Paper presented at the Joint Strategic Work Group Conference of the Department of Defence, Defence Headquarters, Pretoria, 23 April 2002. (Note: invited speaker.) 15. The UN in the aftermath of the crisis in Sierra Leone: has anything changed since May 2000? Paper presented at the Colloquium of the SA Association of Political Studies, University of Pretoria (Hammanskraal Campus), 11-13 October 2002. 16. International peacekeeping challenges: how committed is the international community to African peacekeeping requirements? Paper delivered at a public lecture, hosted by the Department of Political and Administrative Studies at Chancellor College, University of Malawi, the Institute for Policy Interaction and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, Limbe, Malawi, 24 January 2003. 17. South Africa’s post-1994 political-military profile: reflections on South Africa’s entrance into peacekeeping. Paper presented at the Biennial Conference of the SA Historical Society, University of the Free State, 29 June – 1 July 2003. 18. International peacekeeping trends: the significance of African contributions to African peacekeeping requirements. Paper presented at the 2003 Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research, Philipps Universität (University), Marburg, Germany, 18-21 September 2003. 19. The ‘new’ South Africa and peacekeeping in Africa: national interest and international profile. Paper presented at the 2004 Congress of the SA Sociological Association, University of the Free State, 27 June – 30 June 2004. 20. Pursuing a functional security community in Southern Africa. Paper presented at the 2004 Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research Standing Group on International Relations, Netherlands Conference Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands, 9-11 September 2004. 21. Peacekeeping in Africa: lessons learned. Paper presented at a Conference jointly organised by the Centre for International Political Studies, University of Pretoria and the Ambassade van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden on Keeping the peace in a tough neighbourhood: the challenges confronting peacekeepers in Africa, Pretoria, 14 September 2004. (Note: invited speaker and co- presented with A Esterhuyse, Military Strategy Department, Faculty of Military Science.) 22. Pursuing a policy framework for peace and security in Africa: developments, progress and prospects. Paper presented at the 2005 Conference of the World International Studies Committee, Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey, 24-27 August 2005. 23. Realising the African Standby Force as a Pan-African ideal. Paper presented at the Research Colloquium of the SA Association of Political Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Pietermaritzburg Campus), 22-23 September 2005. 24. Educating officers at the South African Military Academy in a ‘new’ policy context. Paper presented at a conference, Voices of Africa – Voices of Peace, an international conference sponsored by the International Association of University Presidents and the UN Commission for Disarmament 8 Education, Conflict Resolution and Peace, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), 6-8 March 2006. (Note: invited speaker.) 25. Educating officers at the South African Military Academy in an ever-changing regional and international environment. Paper presented at a conference, Peacekeeping, Reconstruction and Stability Operations in Africa 2006, organised by Defence IQ, a Division of the International Quality and Productivity Centre, Gallaghar Estate, Johannesburg, 27-31 March 2006. (Note: invited speaker.) 26. Military spending, socio-economic challenges and foreign policy demands: appraising South Africa’s predicament. Paper presented at the 56th Political Studies Association of the UK Annual Conference, hosted by the University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom, 3-6 April 2006. 27. The importance and significance of ‘peace studies’ with special reference to South Africa’s political- security role in Africa. Paper presented at the 2006 Social Sciences Research Conference: Social Sciences in an African context, convened by the Africa Institute of SA, Human Sciences Research Council and Social Sciences Network of SA, Johannesburg, 27-29 September 2006. 28. Socio-economic challenges, foreign policy demands and the primary role orientation of the military in post-apartheid South Africa. Paper presented at the (International) Military History Working Group, 7th annual meeting, convened at the Royal Military College (Military Academy) of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 18-21 March 2007. 29. Pursuing an effective African peacekeeping capability: what could be learned from Burundi and Darfur (Sudan)? Paper presented at the Research Colloquium of the SA Political Studies Association, University of the Free State, 26-28 September 2007. 30. Stepping up to the challenges of managing conflicts in Africa: lessons from AMIB (Burundi) and AMIS (Sudan). Paper presented at a workshop jointly organised by the Centre for International Political Studies, University of Pretoria and the Embassy of Switzerland on Securing Africa, University of Pretoria, 23 October 2007. (Note: invited speaker.) 31. Working towards an effective African peacekeeping capability: reflections on AU operations in Burundi and Darfur. Paper presented at a conference, Peacekeeping Africa Summit 2008, organised by Defence IQ, a Division of the International Quality and Productivity Centre, Gallaghar Estate, Johannesburg, 12-15 February 2008. (Note: invited speaker.) 32. Pursuing sustainable peace through post-conflict peace building: the case of Sierra Leone. Paper presented at the 11th Conference of Africanists, Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, 22-24 May 2008. 33. Contemporary African peacekeeping challenges in political-military context. Paper presented at the SA Armour Symposium 2008, Radisson Hotel Waterfront, Cape Town, 16 September 2008. (Note: invited speaker.) 34. UN peacekeeping operations in Africa: reflections on developments, trends and the way forward. Paper presented at a conference, On Strategic Theory and Contemporary African Conflicts, organised by the Institute of Strategy of the Royal Danish Defence College and the Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University, 11-12 June 2009. (Note: invited speaker.) 35. Drawing lines in the sand... Piracy on the eastern coast of Africa. Paper presented at the SA Political Science Association Regional Colloquium, University of the Free State, 19 September 2009. 36. Piracy on the eastern coast of Africa – a Political Science perspective. Paper presented at the Maritime Security Africa 2009 Conference, Cape Town, 13-15 October 2009. (Note: invited speaker.) 37. Piracy around Africa’s west and east coasts: a comparative political perspective. Paper presented at the 2nd Annual Combating and Preventing Piracy 2010 Conference, Cape Town, 1-3 September 2010. (Note: invited speaker.) 38. Peace and reconstruction in post-electoral Democratic Republic of Congo: the role of MONUC and future prospects. Paper presented at the Second Annual Peace Studies Conference, Conflict Resolution: Challenges, Successes, and Failures of Supranational International Organisations, Applied Technology Centre, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA, 27-29 September 2010. 39. Towards the end of UN peacekeeping in the DRC: prospects for peace and reconstruction in a troubled country. 4th European Conference on African Studies, Nordic-Africa Institute, Uppsala, Sweden, 15-18 June 2011. 9 40. Reflections on norm dynamics in South African foreign policy with special reference to the no-fly zone in Libya. Paper presented at the SA Political Science Association Regional Colloquium, Vanderbijlpark Campus of the Northwest University, 30 September 2011. 41. Ambiguity and norm dynamics in South African foreign policy: the case of the no-fly zone in Libya. Paper presented at the 34th Annual Conference of the African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific, Flinders University City Campus, Adelaide, Australia, 30 November to 2 December 2011. 42. Post-conflict reconstruction and development in post-electoral DRC: revisiting the main challenges and the role of the UN. Paper presented at the South African Army Seminar 21, Reconstruction and Development in Africa: Prospects and Implications, 9echerché by the South African Army and the Institute for Security Studies, SA Military Academy, Saldanha, 29 February to 1 March 2012. 43. Enforcing the no-fly zone over Libya: reflections on political responses in the South African context. Paper presented at the International Studies Association 2012 Convention, San Diego, USA, 1-4 April 2012. 44. International peacekeeping challenges in the DRC: plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose… Paper presented at a Seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on Peacekeeping and Peace Enforcement in Southern Africa, , , 21-23 September 2012. (Note: invited speaker.) 45. Reflections on political risk in South Africa: any hope for the future? Paper presented at the 2013 Opening (“Theological Day”) of the Faculty of Theology at the University of the Free State, The church as a sign of hope in a troubled world, Bloemfontein, 4 February 2013. (Note: Invited speaker.) 46. Revisiting South Africa’s risk profile. Paper presented at a seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on Reflections on Southern African Peace and Security, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 11 February 2013. (Note: Invited speaker.) 47. Reflecting on coherence and coordination in peacebuilding: the case of the DRC (2006-2012). Paper presented at the ACCORD Peacebuilding Handbook Workshop, African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD) House, Durban, 6-7 June 2013. (Note: Invited speaker.) 48. South Africa’s political risk profile in 2013: reflections on selected indicators. Paper presented at the 11th Annual International Conference on Politics and International Affairs, Athens Institute for Education and Research, Athens, 17-20 June 2013. 50. South Africa’s foreign policy and Africa: continental partner or hegemon. Paper presented at the SA Political Science Association Regional Colloquium, Qwaqwa Campus of the University of the Free State, 19 September 2013. (Note: co-presented with A Schoeman and T Tjemolane). 51. The Lord’s Resistance Army in the DRC: the problem of ungoverned spaces and related regional insecurity. Paper presented at the 36th Annual Conference of the African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia, 28-29 November 2013. 52. Ungoverned spaces in the DRC: the case of the Lord’s Resistance Army. Paper presented at a seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on Solutions for African Problems: Reflections on Peace and Security on the African Continent, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 4 February 2014. 52. Rebel movements in the DRC: the phenomena of sub-national terrorism and ungoverned spaces. Paper presented at the 68th Annual Conference of the New York State Political Science Association, St. John’s University, New York, USA, 25-26 April 2014. 53. Examining rebel movements in the DRC as manifestations of sub-state terrorism. Paper presented at the Fourth Global International Studies Conference, Goethe Universitȁt, Frankfurt, Germany, 6-9 August 2014. 54. South Africa’s changing political economy: perspectives on challenges, risks and silver linings. Paper presented at the 2015 Opening (“Theological Day”) of the Faculty of Theology at the University of the Free State, The world of the pastor and the pastor in the world, Bloemfontein, 2 February 2015. (Note: Invited speaker.) 55. South Africa’s political risk profile in 2015: premier league or second division? Paper presented at a seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on Perspectives on African Peace and Security, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 12 February 2015. 10 56. South Africa and the U.S. AFRICOM: reflections on a lukewarm relationship. Paper presented at the 17th International Conference on Political Science and International Relations, Zlata Husa, Vaclavshe, Prague, Czech Republic, 9-10 July 2015. 57. South Africa and the U.S. AFRICOM: the politics of a limited and tepid relationship. Paper presented at 9th General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research, Université de Montréal, Canada, 26-29 August 2015. 58. South Africa and BRIC(S): the need for a multi-identity foreign policy and economic strategy. Paper presented at a seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on The State of South Africa, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 22 February 2016. 59. China’s international peacekeeping contributions: conversations and reflections on the evolution of Chinese involvement on the African continent. Paper presented at the South Western Social Science Association (International Relations), Las Vegas, USA, 23-26 March 2016. 60. China’s international peacekeeping contributions: towards the end of China’s non-intervention policy? Paper presented at the International Studies Association Asia-Pacific Conference, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 25-27 June 2016. 61. South Africa’s foreign identity and the BRICS partnership: a critical analysis. Paper presented at the 2016 Conference of the SA Association of Political Studies, University of the Western Cape, 31 August to 2 September 2016. 62. Defence thinking in post-1994 South Africa with specific reference to the SA Army. Paper presented at the 2016 SA Armour Symposium of the SA Army, South African Armour in peace and collective security in the region, 20-21 October 2016, SA Armour Formation, Bloemfontein. 63. The South African Navy and regional maritime (in)security: diplomatic obligations and political- economic challenges. Paper presented at a conference co-hosted by the Centre for African Studies, Jawahrlal Nehru University (India), Department of Political Studies and Governance, University of the Free State, and the Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University (Japan). Bloemfontein, 13-14 February 2017. 64. South Africa and regional maritime security: interests, objectives, policies and challenges. Paper presented at the 2017 Conference of the World International Studies Committee (Fifth Global International Studies Conference), Taipei, Taiwan, 1-3 April 2017. 65. Die problematiek aangaande die modernisering van die SANW en sy buitelandse rol: Van Verdedigingsoorsig 1998 tot Verdedigingsoorsig 2015. (“The dilemma relating to the modernisation of the SANDF and its external role: From Defence Review 1998 to Defence Review 2015”). Politieke Wetenskap Kollokwium van die Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), 4 May 2017. 66. The dilemma relating to the modernisation of the SANDF and its external role: from Defence Review 1998 to Defence Review 2015. Paper presented at the International Political Science Association Research Committee on Democratisation and the Military, University of Christchurch, New Zealand, 4-5 July 2017. 67. Political objectives and peacekeeping capacity in Africa: Reflections on UNAMID and beyond. Paper presented at a workshop on African security organised by the National Institute for Defence Studies of the Japanese Ministry of Defence, Tokyo, 8 February 2018. (Note: Invited speaker.) 68. China se ontluikende 10echerc in Afrika met spesifieke verwysing na VN-vredesteunoperasies in Mali en Suid-Soedan (“China’s emerging profile in Africa with specific reference to UN peacekeeping operations in Mali and South Sudan”). Politieke Wetenskap Kollokwium van die Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns, SA Academy for Science and Arts, Arcadia, Pretoria, 10 May 2018. 68. Regional agency and hybridisation in African peacekeeping: Revisiting the cases of AMIS and UNAMID in Sudan. Paper presented at the conference, Security and Defence cooperation in the 21st century: What issues, what models?, organised by the Institut de 10echerché stratégique de l’École militaire [Institute for Strategic Research], Paris, France, 26 June 2018. 69. Reflections on political risk in South Africa with particular reference to an (in)effective and (un)professional public service. Paper presented at the provincial (Free State) launch of constitutional values and principles to ensure ethical leadership in the public service, organised by the Public Service Commission, Fourth Raadsaal, Bloemfontein, 18 September 2018. (Note: Invited speaker.) 11 70. Political risk in South Africa with particular reference to the functionality and competency of the public service. Paper presented at the 7th Annual Free State Provincial Health Day, jointly arranged and sponsored by the Free State Department of Health and the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 8-9 November 2018. 71. China’s evolving role and approach to international peacekeeping: The cases of Mali and South Sudan. Paper presented at the 2018 New Zealand Political Science Association Conference, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, 26-28 November 2018. 72. Regional agency and interorganisational cooperation in African peacekeeping: Reflections on Darfur (Sudan). Paper presented at a workshop on defence cooperation with regard to a special (journal) edition of Cahier des Champs de Mars, hosted at the Institut de 11echerché stratégique de l’École militaire [Institute for Strategic Research], Paris, France, 18 January 2019. (Delivered via Skype.) 73. China’s first overseas military base in Djibouti: Assessing the objectives, motivations, wider networks and future prospects. Paper presented at the 73rd Annual Conference of the New York State Political Science Association, Wagner College, Staten Island, New York, USA, 12-13 April 2019. 74. Die toekoms van Afrika in die globale politieke ekonomie: ‘n Ontleding aan die hand van sewe sleutelfaktore (“The future of Africa in the global political economy: An analysis of seven key variables”). Politieke Wetenskap Kollokwium van die Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns, SA Academy for Science and Arts, Arcadia, Pretoria, 10 May 2019. 75. China’s overseas military base in Djibouti: Assessing the features, strategic objectives and implications. Paper presented at the International Political Science Association Research Committee on Security, Conflict and Democratisation, Nagasaki University, Japan, 10-11 August 2019. 76. Does Africa have a bright(er) future: A critical review of seven key indicators. Paper presented at a seminar of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 14 August 2019. 77. Russia’s new footprint in Africa: Pushing strategic energy diplomacy and selling military equipment. Paper presented at a seminar of the Southern African Centre for Collaboration on Peace and Security on South Africa and Africa: Prevaricating at the Precipice, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 10-11 February 2020. 78. The rise of China and debt in Africa: What does the future hold? Paper presented at a Zoom Forum of The 10th Africa Thought Leader Forum on The future of Africa in the post Covid-19 world, organised by the Inter Region Economic Network (IREN), Nairobi, Kenya, 26 August 2020. 79. China’s military presence in Djibouti: Driving forces and some implications for the MENA region. Paper presented at ‘Developments in the Middle East’, international webinar between the Ezri Center for Iran & Gulf States Research, University of Haifa and the Department of Political Studies and Governance, University of the Free State, 14 October 2020. 80. Extremism in northern Mozambique: Why be concerned? Paper presented at an international webinar, ‘New frontiers of terrorism in Africa’, hosted by the Institute for African Studies, Moscow, the Ezri Center for Iran & Gulf States Research, University of Haifa, and the Department of Political Studies and Governance, University of the Free State, 17 March 2021. 81. The 2019 Russia-Africa Summit and Moscow’s new interaction with the African continent. Paper presented at a workshop/webinar hosted by the SA Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg on Russia and Other External Actors in Africa, 25 May 2021.

Book reviews 1. EG Berman and KE Sams. 2000. Peacekeeping in Africa: capabilities and culpabilities, UN Institute for Disarmament Research and Institute for Security Studies. In Politeia, vol 20, no 1, 2001. 2. M Berdal and DM Malone (eds.) 2000. Greed and grievance: economic agendas in civil wars, Lynne Rienner Publishers. In Africa Insight, vol 31, no 4, December 2001. 3. D Kadima and C Kabemba (eds.). 2001. Whither regional peace and security: the Democratic Republic of Congo after the war, Africa Institute of South Africa. In Politeia, vol 20, no 3, 2001. 4. H Steyn, R van der Walt and J van Loggerenberg. 2003. Armament and disarmament: South Africa’s nuclear weapons experience, Network Publishers. In Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XXVI, no 1, May 2004. 5. G Cawthra and R Luckman (eds.). 2003. Governing insecurity: democratic control of military and security establishments, Zed Books. In Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol 42, no 3, 2004. 12 6. P Schraeder. 2004. African politics and society: a mosaic in transformation, Thomson Wadsworth. In Politeia, vol 23, no 3, 2004. 7. A Nhema (ed.). 2004. The quest for peace in Africa: transformations, democracy and public policy, International Books. In Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol 43, no 1, 2005. 8. T Tardy (ed.). 2004. Peace operations after 11 September 2001, Frank Cass. In Strategic Review for Southern Africa, vol XXVII, no 1, May 2005. 9. P Batchelor and K Kingma (eds.). 2004. Demilitarisation and peace-building in Southern Africa. Volume I – concepts and processes; P Batchelor and K Kingma (eds.). Demilitarisation and peace- building in Southern Africa. Volume II – national and regional experiences; P Batchelor, K Kingma and G Lamb (eds.) Demilitarisation and peace-building in Southern Africa. Volume III – the role of the military in state formation and nation-building, Ashgate. In Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol 43, no 3, 2005. 10. C Arnson and I William Zartman (eds.). 2005. Rethinking the economics of war: the intersection of need, creed, and greed, Johns Hopkins University Press. In Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol 45, no 2, 2007. 11. M Malan, 2007. Magnus Malan: My lewe saam met die Suid-Afrikaanse Weermag (Magnus Malan: My life with the South African Defence Force), Protea Boekhuis. In Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 72, no 3, 2007. 12. M Olivier and S Kuhnle (eds.). 2008. Examining social security in Norway and South Africa, Sun Press. In Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 73, no 3, 2008. 13. A Nhema and PT Zelesa (eds.). 2008. The resolution of African conflicts: The management of conflict resolution and post conflict resolution, Ohio University Press/Swallow Press. In Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, vol 47, no 3, 2009. 14. T Potgieter and R Pommerin (eds.). 2009. Securing the regional maritime landscape, Sun Press. In Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, vol 74, no 1&2, 2009. 15. T Papenfus. 2010. Pik Botha and his times, Litera. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 36, no 1, 2011. 16. F Chikane. Eight days in September: The removal of Thabo Mbeki, Picador Africa. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 37, no 1, 2012. 17. M Spaarwater. A spook’s progress. 2012. From making war to making peace, Zebra Press. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 38, no 1, 2013. 18. K Asmal (with Adrian Hadland and Moira Levy). Politics in my blood: A memoir, Jacana. In Africa Review, vol 5, no 1, 2013. 19. T Leon. The accidental ambassador: From parliament to Patagonia, Picador Africa. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 38, no 2, 2013. 20. R Calland. The Zuma years: South Africa’s changing face of power, Zebra Press. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 39, no 1, 2014. 21. F. Shivambu (ed.). The coming revolution: Julius Malema and the fight for economic freedom, Jacana. In Journal of Contemporary History, vol 40, no 1, 2015. 22. J. Burke. The new threat from Islamic Militancy, Penguin Random House. In Politikon, vol 43, no 3, 2016. 23. R Calland. Make or break: How the next years will shape South Africa’s next three decades, Cape Town, Zebra Press. In Politikon, vol 44, no 1, 2018 24. As by fire: The end of the South African university. Cape Town: Tafelberg. In Politikon, vol 44, no 2, 2018. 25. The future of African peace operations: From the Janjaweed to Boko Haram. In South African Journal of International Affairs, vol 24, no, 3, 2017.

Other scholarly and popular scientific articles 1. Supporting peace in Africa, Salut, vol 4, no 10, October 1997. 2. Scientific research and its relevance in the public sector: a basic framework, 21st anniversary edition of SANDF Bulletin for Educational Technology, October 1997. 3. The South African military and peace support operations, Crime and Conflict, no 10, Spring 1997. 4. The South African military and the agenda for regional peace, RUSI Journal (of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, London), October 1997. 13 5. Destiny calls: tangible steps towards managing conflict and alleviating human suffering, Salut, vol 5, no 3, March 1998. 6. The future of the SANDF: which way with national and regional security?, Salvo, 1/98. 7. Keeping the peace in Africa: any role for the police?, Servamus, June 1998. 8. Peace in Africa, Salut, vol 5, no 8, August 1998. 9. Die toekoms van die weermag: waarheen met denke oor veiligheid?, Woord & Daad/Word & Action, Winter 1998. 10. Drafting a successful research report: thoughts, notes and guidelines for direction, SANDF Bulletin for Educational Technology, vol 22, no 1, 1998. 11. Facing the challenges of peace-keeping: the Navy in a changed environment, Salut, vol 5, no 10, 1998. 12. Non-traditional military tasks: the Defence Force in policing and peacekeeping, Crime & Conflict, no 13, Spring 1998. 13. Vaarwel aan soewereiniteit, Insig, November 1998 (with Prof M. Hough of the Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria). 14. Global governance... and the quest for regional security, Salut, vol 6, no 2, February 1999. 15. Defence planning and the role of non-traditional military tasks, Salvo, 1/99. 16. From peacekeeping to peace missions: South Africa reckoned as a peace broker in African conflicts, Salut, vol 6, no 6, June 1999. 17. Reflections on scientific research on the eve of the 21st century, SANDF Bulletin for Educational Technology, January – June 1999. 18. Exercise Blue Crane: forward with peacekeeping in Southern Africa, ISSUP Bulletin, 5/99. 19. Defence planning and the role of non-traditional military tasks, African Armed Forces Journal, October 1999. 20. Die gebeure in Kosowo – van betekenis vir ‘n veiliger Afrika?, Woord & Daad/Word & Action, Spring 1999. 21. Providing combat ready forces… to meet tomorrow’s unexpected challenges, Salut, vol 7, no 3, March 2000. 22. Fifth anniversary of the SANDF: reflections on crucial defence issues, African Armed Forces Journal, March 2000. 23. Police involvement in peace missions: significance for the SAPS, Servamus, April 2000. 24. The peace process in Kosovo: structures, processes and thoughts on peacekeeping in Africa, African Security Review, vol 9, no 1, 2000. 25. Conditions for successful entry and exit: an assessment of SADC allied operations in Lesotho, in Boundaries of peace support operations: the African dimension, M Malan (ed.), ISS Monograph Series, no 44, February 2000. 26. Guns, butter, security and peace: reflections on the boosting of South Africa’s military potency, Salvo, 1/2000. 27. Peacekeeping in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Salut, vol 7, no 8, August 2000. 28. US involvement in African security requirements: some notes and reflections, African Armed Forces Journal, September 2000. (Article published with Maj Abel Esterhuyse.) 29. Security challenges and the importance of coalition operations: some thoughts on strategic and military planning, African Armed Forces Journal, April 2001. 30. Brahimi report: unpacking the implications of the Brahimi report and the challenges faced in African peacekeeping, Conflict Trends, 1/2001. 31. South African engagement in peace missions, Inside AISA: The bimonthly newsletter of the Africa Institute of SA, May 2001. 32. South African engagement in peace missions… importance and significance, SA Soldier (formerly Salut), vol 8, no 4, August 2001. 33. Deployment of SANDF to Burundi, Conflict Trends, 4/2001. 34. South Africa’s military potency in comparative context. Are we spending too much on defence?, Safrican Soldier, vol 9, no 1, January 2002. 35. International peacekeeping trends: African forces at the forefront of conflict management, SA Soldier, vol 9, no 11, November 2002. 14 36. SANDF contributions to NEPAD: an appreciation, African Armed Forces Journal, October 2002. (Note: Co-authored with Lt Col Abel Esterhuyse.) 37. The SANDF is on the march for peace, SA Soldier, vol 10, no 8, August 2003. 38. Towards a common defence and security policy for Africa: reflections on developments and trends, University of Pretoria’s Centre for International Political Studies Briefing Paper, no 10/2004. 39. Adopting a policy framework for peace and security in Africa, SA Soldier, vol 11, no 10, October 2004. 40. Shaping the African Standby Force: developments, challenges and prospects, Military Review (of the US Army), May-June 2005. 41. La Formación de la Fuerza de Reserva Africana: Acontecimientos, Desafíos y Prospectos, Military Review (Hispano-American), November-December 2005. 42. Vredesbewaring en konflikbeslegting in Afrika: is dit alles die moeite werd?, Woord & Daad/Word & Action, Herfs/Autumn 2007. 43. AFRICOM: Concerns and pressing questions, Conflict Trends, 1/2008. 44. Olie, Afrika, China en die VSA: ‘n nuwe era met nuwe uitdagings, Woord & Daad/Word & Action, Summer 2008. 45. Seerowery aan die kus van Afrika: perspektiewe op oorsake, gevolge en bekamping, Woord & Daad/Word & Action, Summer 2009. 46. Providing for peacekeeping: contributor profile: South Africa. A project of the International Peace Institute, The Elliot School at George Washington University and Griffith University. http://www.providingforpeacekeeping.org/profiles/africa/ (with Cedric de Coning (first author) and Walter Lotze (second author), 2013. 47. #FeesMustFall – enkele perspektiewe (1), Die Kerkblad, November 2016. 48. #FeesMustFall – enkele perspektiewe (2), Die Kerkblad, Desember 2016. 49. What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, The Conversation, 1 August 2017. The article was republished as/in:  What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, The Star, Kenya, 2 August 2017.  All about China’s growing role in Africa, Business Insider, 2 August 2017.  What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, CNBC Africa, 2 August 2017.  What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, GoSouth Online, 2 August 2017.  What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, Joburg Post, 4 August 2017.  Africa: What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, AllAfrica.com, 4 August 2017.  Djibouti military base highlights China’s African ambitions, Asia Times, 6 August 2017.  What the Djibouti military base tells us about China’s growing role in Africa, The Wire, 9 August 2017.  The Djibouti military base and China’s growing role in Africa, African Independent, 18 August 2017.  ジブチ共和国に中国が軍事基地を開設 フリカで拡大する中国の役割をどう読み解く？, New Sphere (Japan), 19 August 2017. 50. Using the South African army to fight crime is a bad idea: here’s why, The Conversation, 17 October 2017. The article was republished as/in:  Why using the SANDF to fight crime is a bad idea, The Star, 17 October 2017.  Using the SANDF to fight crime is a bad idea, defenceWeb, 18 October 2017.  Using the South African army to fight crime is a bad idea, Sowetan Live, 18 October 2017.  Using the South African army to fight crime is a bad idea: here’s why, GoSouth Online, 18 October 2018.  Armies fight armies, not gangsters, The New Age, 19 October 2017. 15  Using the South African army to fight crime is a bad idea, Joburg Post, 20 October 2017.  Here’s why using the SANDF to fight crime is a bad idea. Briefly: Politics/News, 21 October 2017. 51. Evolving UN peacekeeping operations in Africa with specific reference to counter-terrorism in Mali and Somalia, African Futures (Security), vol 3, no 9, May 2018. 52. China’s evolving role in African peacekeeping: Reflections on the main drivers. Security Institute for Governance and Leadership in Africa (SIGLA) Brief, 8/2018. 53. Africa’s ability to deliver peace and security rests on fixing key relationships, The Conversation, 23 July 2018. The article was republished as/in:  Africa’s ability to deliver peace and security rests on fixing key relationships, News24, 26 July 2018.  Africa’s ability to deliver peace and security rests on fixing key relationships, AllAfrica.com, 25 July 2018.  Africa’s ability to deliver peace and security rests on fixing key relationships, Joburg Post, 25 July 2018.  Africa’s ability to deliver peace and security rests on fixing key relationships, European Union Training Mission Somalia, 25 July 2018. 54. How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, The Conversation, 6 February 2019. The article was republished as/in:  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, Global Sentinel, 6 February 2019.  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, TheNerveAfrica, 7 February 2019.  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, CNBC Africa, 8 February 2019.  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, GoSouth Online, 8 February 2019.  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, AllAfrica.com, 8 February 2019.  How Russia is growing its strategic influence in Africa, Power98.7, 8 February 2019.  как Россия укрепляет свое стратегическое влияние в Африке, The Conversation (Австралия), Inosmi.ru, 8 February 2019.  Russia and Putin are building vital change in Africa, Report News Today, 9 February 2019.  Russia is expanding its strategic influence in Africa, Quartz, 9 February 2019.  As Russia builds its influence, it woos Africa with investments, Biznews, 8 February 2019.  Don’t underestimate Russia’s interest in Africa, IOL Business Report, 11 February 2019.  Don’t underestimate Russia’s interest in Africa, Cape Times, 11 February 2019. 55. China’s military base in Djibouti: Reflections on features, drivers and future developments, Institute for Futures Research (Stellenbosch University) African Business Futures, April 2019. 56. Russia steps up efforts to fill gaps left by America’s waning interest in Africa, The Conversation, 29 October 2019. The article was republished as/in:  Russia steps up efforts to fill gaps left by America’s waning interest in Africa, AllAfrica.com, 29 October 2019.  Russia steps up efforts to fill gaps left by America’s waning interest in Africa, Polity, 30 October 2019.  Russia steps up efforts to fill gaps left by America’s waning interest in Africa, Translations Online, 30 October 2019.  Russia steps up efforts to fill gaps left by America’s waning interest in Africa, The Herald (Zimbabwe), 30 October 2019. 57. Russia’s focus in Africa: Energy, metals and weapons, ISPI (Italian Institute for International Political Studies) Dossier, 16 November 2019. 58. Why South Africa has a keen interest in extremist violence in northern Mozambique, The Conversation, 22 June 2020. The article was republished as/in:  Why South Africa has a keen interest in extremist violence in northern Mozambique, Polity, 23 June 2020. 16  Why South Africa has a keen interest in extremist violence in northern Mozambique, Africaports, 23 June 2020.  Why South Africa has a keen interest in extremist violence in northern Mozambique, Newsbreak, 23 June 2020.  Why South Africa has a keen interest in extremist violence in northern Mozambique, Dehai News, 23 June 2020.  Why it is in SA’s interests that extremist violence in northern Mozambique is thwarted, Cape Argus, 26 June 2020.  Islamitiese terreurgroep ‘bedreig ook SA’. Netwerk24, 30 Junie.

59. Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, The Conversation, 16 September 2020. The article was republished as/in:  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, EWN News, 17 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Geeska Afrika, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, GoSouth Online, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Premium Times Nigeria, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, GoSouth Online, 16 September 2020  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Newsbreak.com, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Oornaijnews.com, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Afropages, 16 September 2020.  Why foreign countries are scrambling to set up bases in Africa, Newsweek Japan, 22 September 2020.

60. China’s military presence in Djibouti: Driving forces and some implications for the MENA region. In Proceedings of the Colloquium, “Developments in the Middle East”, Glen Segell (ed.), 14 October 2020, Haifa: University of Haifa. 61. Extremism in northern Mozambique: Why be concerned? In Proceedings of the Colloquium, “New Frontiers of Terrorism in Africa”, Glen Segell, Sergey Kostelyanets, and Hussein Solomon (eds.), 17 March 2021, Haifa: University of Haifa. 62. Offshore gas finds offered major promise for Mozambique: What went wrong. The Conversation, 30 March 2021. The article was republished as/in:  LNG production in Mozambique and the political risk of Islamic militancy. Bizcommunity, 30 March 2021.  Offshore gas finds offered major promise for Mozambique: What went wrong. Down to Earth, (India), 31 March 2021.  Offshore gas finds offered major promise for Mozambique: What went wrong. TimesLive, 31 March 2021.  Offshore gas finds offered major promise for Mozambique: What went wrong. News24, 1 April 2021.  Offshore gas finds offered major promise for Mozambique: What went wrong. Moneyweb, 3 April 2021.

17 APPENDIX A APRIL 2009 – UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE DEPTARTMENT OF POLITICAL STUDIES AND GOVERNANCE FACULTY OF THE HUMANITIES

TUTION AND SCHOLARLY MATTERS

Undergraduate teaching 2009 International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2009). 2010 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2010). 2010 International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2010). 2011 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2011). 2011 International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2011). 2012 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2012). 2012 International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2012). 2013 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2013). 2013 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2013). 2014 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2014). 2014 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2014). 2015 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2015). 2015 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2015). 2016 Political Risk Analysis & Conflict Studies III (1st semester 2016). 2016 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2016). 2017 Political Risk Analysis and Strategic Planning (1st semester 2017) 2017 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2017). 2018 Political Risk Analysis and Strategic Planning (1st semester 2018) 2018 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2018). 2019 Political Risk Analysis and Strategic Planning (1st semester 2019) 2019 International Political Economy (2nd semester 2019). 2020 Political Risk Analysis and Strategic Planning (1st semester 2019)

Post graduate teaching (modular courses and supervision) 2009 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2009). 2010 Contemporary Thinkers in International Relations, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (1st semester 2010). 2010 Research Methodology and Proposal, for Masters’s in Security Studies (1st semester 2010). 2010 Supervisor: MA mini-dissertation in Political Science (Security Studies): Dr PS Omoyefa (2009- 2010): Global war on terrorism and Bush’s doctrine of pre-emption: A critical appraisal. 2010 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2010). 2011 Research Methodology and Proposal, for BA Hons in Political Science (1st semester 2011). 2011 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2011). 2011 Supervisor: MA dissertation in Political Science: Mr T Tjemolane (2010-2011): South Africa’s foreign policy towards Africa, 1994-2010: Partner or Hegemon. 2012 Research Methodology and Proposal, for BA Hons in Political Science (1st semester 2012). 2012 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2012). 2012 Supervisor: MA mini-dissertation in Political Science (Security Studies): Mr M Mandoro (2010- 2011): The impact of the 1998 SADC military intervention on human security in Lesotho. 2013 Research Methodology and Proposal, for BA Hons in Political Science (1st semester 2013). 18 2013 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2013). 2014 Research Methodology and Proposal, for BA Hons in Political Science (1st semester 2013) 2014 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2014). 2014 Co-supervisor: PhD thesis in Political Science: Ms A/Dr Botha (2011-2014): Radicalisation to commit terrorism from a political and socialisation perspective in Kenya and Uganda. 2015 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2015). 2015 Supervisor: MA dissertation in Political Science: Mr AR du Plessis (2013-2015): China and India’s foreign policy interests in Africa: Partners in development or national self-interest? 2015 Supervisor: PhD thesis in Political Science: Ms/Dr (Col) L Olivier (2010-2015): Changing international realities and the configuration of the South African National Defence Force in the 21st century. 2016 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2016). 2016 Supervisor: MA dissertation in Political Science: Ms B Mohale (2013-2015): Burden-sharing and hybrid peacekeeping operations in Somalia and Sudan: A critical analysis. 2017 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2017). 2018 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2018). 2018 Supervisor: MA dissertation in Political Science: Ms K Letube (2013-2015): Continuity and change in China’s foreign policy towards Africa: The cases of the two Sudans, the DRC and Nigeria. 2018 Supervisor: MA dissertation in Political Science: Mr T Jacobs (2014-2015): A political risk analysis of Botswana. 2019 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2019). 2020 Foreign Policy and Diplomacy, for BA Hons in Political Science (International Relations) (2nd semester 2020).

External academic responsibilities (post graduate) 2009 External Examiner (arbitrator examiner) of a Master’s dissertation in International Relations from the North-West University (Mafikeng campus) (September 2009). 2009 External Examiner of honours dissertations in Political Science of the University of the Western Cape (December 2009). 2009 External Examiner of honours scripts in International Relations of the University of the North West Vaal Triangle Campus (December 2009). 2010 External Examiner of honours scripts in African Politics of the North-West University Vaal Triangle Campus (December 2009). 2010 External Examiner of a Master’s dissertation in International Relations from the University of Pretoria (May 2010). 2010 External Examiner of a Master’s dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (November 2010). 2010 External Examiner of a Master’s thesis in International Studies from Stellenbosch University (November 2010). 2010 External Examiner of an honours research project in Political Studies of the University of the Western Cape (November 2010). 2011 External Examiner (arbitrator examiner) of a Master’s dissertation in Peace Studies and International Relations from the North-West University (Mafikeng campus) (July 2011). 2011 External Examiner of a Master’s dissertation in Politics of the University of Johannesburg (August 2011). 2011 External Examiner of a Master’s dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (September 2011). 19 2011 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (October 2011). 2011 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (November 2011). 2011 External Examiner of honours scripts in International Relations of the University of the North West Vaal Triangle Campus (December 2011). 2012 External Examiner of an honours mini-dissertation in Politics from the University of Johannesburg (January 2012). 2011 External examiner of a PhD in Political Studies from the North West University (January 2012). 2012 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (March 2012). 2012 External Examiner of a Masters dissertation in International Relations from the University of Cape Town (May 2012). 2012 External Examiner of honours scripts in Political Studies from the Northwest University, Potchefstroom Campus (June 2012 & November 2012). 2013 External Examiner of a Masters mini-dissertation in Diplomatic Studies from the University of Pretoria (October 2013). 2013 External Examiner of honours and Master’s scripts in Political Studies from the Northwest University, Potchefstroom Campus (June 2013 & November 2013). 2013 PhD Proposal Reviewer appointed by the Faculty of Arts’ Higher Degrees Committee of the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University for a PhD in Political Science (November 2013). 2014 External Examiner of honours scripts in Political Studies from the Northwest University, Vaal Triangle Campus (April 2014). 2014 External Examiner of honours scripts in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (May 2014). 2014 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (September 2014). 2015 External Examiner of Master’s scripts in Political Studies from the Northwest University, Potchefstroom Campus (January 2015). 2015 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Military Science from Stellenbosch University (January 2015). 2015 External examiner of a DPhil in International Relations from the University of Pretoria (February 2014). 2015 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Science from Stellenbosch University (June 2015). 2015 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in International Politics from the University of South Africa (July 2015). 2016 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Politics from the University of South Africa (May 2016). 2016 External examiner of a DLitt et Phil in Politics and International Relations from the University of Johannesburg (May 2016). 2016 External examiner of a Master’s mini-dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (September 2016). 2016 Assessor of a research proposal submitted to the National Research Foundation: North-West University Vaal Triangle Campus (October 2016). 2017 External examiner of a PhD in Political Sciences from the Northwest University, Potchefstroom Campus (January 2017). 2017 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Political Studies from the Northwest University, Potchefstroom Campus (January 2017) 2018 External moderator of Master’s course work (Political Change and Conflict Management) at the North-West University. 2018 External examiner of a PhD in Politics from the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. (September 2018). 2019 External examiner of a Master’s mini-dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (January 2019). 20 2019 External reviewer of a literature review for a doctoral thesis in Business Leadership from the University of South Africa’s School for Business Leadership. 2020 External reviewer of a methodology chapter of a doctoral thesis in Business Leadership from the University of South Africa’s School for Business Leadership. 2021 External examiner of a Master’s thesis in Military Science from Stellenbosch University (January 2021).

Other Faculty/Departmental responsibilities 2009– Head: Department of Political Studies and Governance. 2009– Senate member of the University of the Free State. 2009 Main organiser of the UFS CR Swart memorial lecture: Mr Tito Mboweni (Reserve Bank Governor), 27 August 2009, University of the Free State. 2010 Co-organiser (with the German Academic Exchange Service) of a conference, Extra Time: German – South African Lecture Series on Soccer and Nation Building, 29 April 2010, University of the Free State. 2010 Main organiser of the UFS CR Swart memorial lecture: Dr Allan Boesak (Extraordinary Professor of Systematic Theology at the University of Stellenbosch and a Fellow at the Beyers Naudé Centre for Public Theology), 26 August 2010, University of the Free State. 2011 Main organiser of the UFS CR Swart memorial lecture: Mr Max du Preez, veteran South African journalist and author, 25 August 2011, University of the Free State. 2013 Main organiser of the UFS CR Swart memorial lecture: Prof Adam Habib (Political Analyst) and Mr Dawie Roodt (Economist) on ‘The post-Marikana landscape in South Africa’, 27 May 2013, University of the Free State. 2011-2013 Member of the UFS Senate Committee on Academic Appointment and Promotions Policy. 2009–2017 Member of the Faculty Title Registration Committee (Master’s and Doctoral students: Cultural Sciences). 2017- Member of the Executive Committee of Senate of the University of the Free State. 2018 Member of the Senate Selection Committee for the appointment of a Vice-Rector Academic. 2019-2020 Member of the Faculty of the Humanities Academic Appointment and Promotions Policy. 2020- Member of the Faculty of the Humanities Higher Degrees Committee.

Editorial responsibilities 2009- Member of the Editorial Board: Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 2009-2019 Member of the Editorial Board: Journal of Contemporary History. 2013-2016 Member of the Editorial Advisory Board: Military and Strategic Affairs (Israel). 2016- Member of the Academic Council of Ante Portas – Security Studies journal (Poland). 2017- Member of the Editorial Advisory Board: Cyber, Intelligence and Security (Israel). 2020- Member of the Editorial and Advisory Board: London Security Policy Study (Middle East Tracker).

Other matters of interest 1997-2017 Member of the SA Political Studies Association. 2012-2016 Member of the African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific. 2009 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2009 Article reviewer for Acta Academica. 2009 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary History (x2). 2009 Article reviewer for Foreign Policy Analysis. 2009 Article reviewer for Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship. 2009 Article reviewer for South African Journal of International Affairs. 2009 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria. 2010 Chapter reviewer for accredited conference proceedings on Strategic theory and contemporary African conflicts. 2010 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria (x2). 2010 Chapter reviewer for a book on A vanquished peace: Prospects for the successful reconstruction of the Democratic Republic of Congo (2 chapters). 21 2010 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary History. 2010 Reviewer of research proposals for the National Research Foundation (3 applications). 2011 Article reviewer for Journal of Modern African Studies. 2011 Article reviewer for Politikon. 2011 Article reviewer for American Journal of Political Science. 2011 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria. 2011 Chapter reviewer for a book on When is it possible for nations or countries to go to war or sustain armed conflict? 2011 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2012 Reviewer for National Research Foundation rating applications (2 applications). 2012 Chapter reviewer for a book On Strategy: Strategic theory and contemporary African armed conflicts. 2012 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary History. 2012 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria (x2). 2012 Article reviewer for The Journal of Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. 2012 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2012 Article reviewer for Historia. 2013 Reviewer for a National Research Foundation rating application. 2013 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria. 2013 Article reviewer for the Journal of African Union Studies. 2013 Article reviewer for Global Change, Peace & Security. 2013 Article reviewer for South African Journal of International Affairs. 2014 Article reviewer for Insight on Africa. 2014 Article reviewer for The Journal of Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. 2014 Article reviewer for Politikon. 2014 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2014 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria(x2) 2014 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary History. 2015 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2015 Article reviewer for Politikon. 2015 Article reviewer for The Journal of Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. 2015 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria (x3) 2015 Article reviewer for South African Journal of International Affairs. 2016 Article reviewer for New Contree. 2016 Article reviewer for International Peacekeeping. 2016 Article reviewer for Politikon. 2016 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary History. 2016 Article reviewer for Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 2016 Article reviewer for LitNet Akademies. 2016 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2016 Article reviewer for Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 2016 Article reviewer for Contemporary Review of the Middle East. 2017 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria. 2017 Article reviewer for American Journal of Political Science. 2017 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2017 Article reviewer for International Peacekeeping. 2017 Reviewer for a National Research Foundation rating application. 2018 Article reviewer for Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 2018 Article reviewer for Ante Portas – Security Studies (x2). 2018 Article reviewer for Defence & Security Analysis. 2018 Article reviewer for LitNet Akademies. 2018 Reviewer for a National Research Foundation rating application. 2019 Article reviewer for African Security Review (x2). 2019 Article reviewer for Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe/The Journal of Humanities. 22 2020 Article reviewer for LitNet Akademies (x3). 2020 Article reviewer for Tydskrif vir Christelike Wetenskap. 2020 Article reviewer for African Security Review. 2020 Article reviewer for South African Journal of International Affairs. 2020 Reviewer for a National Research Foundation rating application. 2020 Reviewer for book proposal: Peter Lang Publishing: “‘We are Not Scared to Die’ Julius Malema’s signifying YouTube rhetoric during the 2019 South African general election campaign season”. 2021 Article reviewer for Scientia Militaria. 2021 Article reviewer for Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe/The Journal of Humanities. 2021 Article reviewer for SA Journal of International Affairs. 2021 Article Reviewer for Strategic Review for Southern Africa.

23 APPENDIX B APRIL 2002 TO MARCH 2009 STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF MILITARY SCIENCE

TUTION AND SCHOLARLY MATTERS

Undergraduate teaching 2002 African Political Thought III (2nd semester 2002). 2003 Introduction to African Politics II (1st semester 2003). 2003 African Political Thought III (2nd semester 2003). 2003 Introduction to International Relations I (2nd semester 2003) – Render lecturing assistance on an ad hoc basis in view of staff shortage/vacancy. 2004 African Political Thought III (1st semester 2004). 2004 Introduction to African Politics II (2nd semester 2004). 2005 South Africa and the International Community II (1st semester 2005). 2005 Africa and the International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2005). 2006 South Africa and the International Community II (1st semester 2006). 2006 Africa and the International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2006). 2007 South Africa and the International Community II (1st semester 2007). 2007 Africa and the International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2007). 2008 South Africa and the International Community II (1st semester 2008). 2008 Africa and the International Political Economy III (2nd semester 2008). 2009 South Africa and the International Community II (1st semester 2009).

Post graduate teaching (modular courses and supervision) 2002 National Security in Southern African States, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (2nd semester 2002). 2003 International Relations Theory, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2003). 2003 International Conflict Resolution and Peacekeeping, modular course for MMil in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2003). 2003 South Africa’s Political-Military Involvement in Africa, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (2nd semester 2003). 2004 International Conflict Resolution and Peacekeeping, modular course for MMil in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2004). 2004 International Relations Theory, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (2nd semester 2004). 2005 South Africa’s Political-Military Involvement in Africa, for Bmil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2005). 2006 Co-supervisor: MMil thesis in Security and Africa Studies: Maj. BPO. Mokoena (2004 – 2005): Conflict and peace in Burundi: The cause(s) and nature of the conflict and prospects for peace. 2006 Co-supervisor: MACur thesis in the Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa: Ms. J. Jumat (2004 – 2005): An assessment of the pre-deployment preparation of military professional nurses for participation in peace support operations; A South African perspective. 2006 International Relations Theory, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2006). 2006 International Conflict Resolution and Peacekeeping, modular course for MMil in Security and Africa Studies/MPhil in Security Management (1st semester 2006). 2006 South Africa’s Political-Military Involvement in Africa, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (2nd semester 2006). 2007 International Relations Theory, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2007). 2007 Supervisor: MMil thesis in Security and Africa Studies: Maj. BN. Thobane (), (2006 – 2007). Migration from the OAU to the AU: Exploring the quest for a more effective African peacekeeping capability. Published in Supplementa ad Scientia Militaria II 2007. 2007 International Conflict Resolution and Peacekeeping, for MMil in Security and Africa Studies/MPhil in Defence Management (2nd semester – 2007). 24 2008 South Africa’s Political-Military Involvement in Africa, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2008). 2008 Supervisor: MMil thesis in Security and Africa Studies: Lt Col L Olivier (2007-2008): Pursuing human security in Africa through Developmental Peace Missions: Ambitious construct or feasible ideal? Published in Supplementa ad Scientia Militaria III 2009. 2009 International Relations Theory, for BMil Hons in Security and Africa Studies (1st semester 2009).

Other Faculty responsibilities 2002-2009 Chair: Department of Political Science (Mil.). 2002 Associate Editor of Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies (2002 – 2003). (Note: Accredited journal.) 2003-2009 Member of the Faculty Research Committee. 2003-2006 Editor-in-Chief of Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies (2003 – 2006). 2003 Faculty Representative on the Military Academy Board. 2005-2009 Senate member of Stellenbosch University. 2005 Member of Stelenbosch University Quality Committee (Note: Sub-Committee of Council and Senate). 2006 Member of the Selection Committee concerning the appointment of the Dean of Military Science, chaired by the Rector. 2007-2009 Member of the Editorial Board: Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 2008 Guest Speaker at Stellenbosch University graduation ceremony, 11 November 2008.

External academic responsibilities 1999-2003 Guest Lecturer at the SA National Defence College for the Executive National Security Programme. 2002 External Examiner for students in African Politics (Honours) of the University of South Africa (January 2002). 2003 Visiting Professor in the Department of Political and Administrative Studies, Chancellor College, University of Malawi (January 2003). 2003 External Examiner for post-graduate students in African Politics (Honours) of the University of South Africa (January/February 2003). 2003 External Examiner for a Masters dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (June 2003). 2003 External Examiner for a Masters treatise in South African Politics and Political Economy (Magister Philosophiae) from the University of Port Elizabeth (currently Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University) (September 2003). 2003 External Examiner for a DPhil thesis in Political Science from the University of Pretoria (September 2003). 2005 External Examiner for SA War College research papers (October 2005). 2005 External Examiner for post-graduate students in International Relations (Honours) from the University of the Free State (January 2005). 2005 External Examiner for a Masters dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (May 2005). 2005 External moderator for SA National Defence College research papers (May 2005/November 2005). 2006 External Examiner for a DLitt et Phil thesis in International Politics from the University of South Africa (February 2006). 2006 External moderator for SA National Defence College research papers (May 2006). 2006 External Moderator for undergraduate students (3rd year) in Political Science from the University of the Free State (June 2006). 2006 External Examiner for a Masters dissertation in International Relations from the University of Cape Town (September 2006). 2006 External moderator for SA National Defence College research papers (November 2006). 2007 External Examiner for a Masters dissertation in Political Sciences from the Potchefstroom campus of the North-West University (January 2007). 25 2007 External Examiner for an honours mini-thesis in African Politics of the University of South Africa (February 2007). 2007 External Examiner for a Masters dissertation in Security Studies from the University of Pretoria (March 2007). 2007 External Examiner for a Master’s dissertation in Diplomatic Studies from the University of Pretoria (May 2007). 2007 Guest lecturer in the Department of Sociology, Stellenbosch University (May 2007). 2007 Member of a Search Committee for a Professor and Chair of Political Studies, University of the Western Cape (November 2007-February 2008). 2008 External Examiner for a Master’s dissertation in Governance and Political Transformation from the University of the Free State (January 2008). 2008 External Examiner for a DLitt et Phil thesis in International Politics from the University of South Africa (March 2008). 2008 Guest lecturer in the Department of Sociology, Stellenbosch University (May 2008). 2008 External Assessor/Moderator for a MA course/module in Security Studies at the University of the Free State (May 2008). 2009 External Examiner for honours dissertations in Political Science of the University of the Western Cape (January 2009).

Awards 2004 Recipient of the Rector's Award (Stellenbosch University) for Meritorious Research (awarded every third year to a member of the Faculty of Military Science). 2005 Recipient of the Pro Scientia Floating Trophy in the Faculty for Military Science for attaining the highest research output in the Faculty of Military Science. 2007 Recipient of the Pro Scientia Floating Trophy for attaining the highest research output in the Faculty of Military Science. 2008 Recipient of the Rector's Award (Stellenbosch University) for Meritorious Community Interaction.

26

APPENDIX C APRIL 1997 TO MARCH 2009 STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY CENTRE FOR MILITARY STUDIES/ DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE FACULTY OF MILITARY SCIENCE

SCHOLARLY MATTERS AND RESEARCH PROJECTS

Guest lecturing, training and education 1. Scientific inquiry and intelligible reporting in the public service: thoughts, notes and guidelines for direction. Lectures presented to the Senior Staff and Command Course of the SA Air Force College, Thaba Tshwane, 15 July 1997. 2. Scientific inquiry and intelligible reporting in the public sector: thoughts, notes and guidelines for direction. Lectures presented to the Senior Staff and Command Course of the SA Air Force College, Thaba Tshwane, 1 June 1998. 3. Maintaining international peace and security: reflections on peace support operations; and Involvement in peace support operations in Africa: challenges and considerations. Lectures presented to the Senior Command and Staff Duties Branch (Exercise Pegasus), SA Army College, Thaba Tshwane, 29 September 1998. 5. Lessons learned from the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) for the former Yugoslavia; and Lessons learned from the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR). Case study compiled for the Senior Command and Staff Duties Branch of the SA Army College (concerning Exercise Pegasus, 21 September - 2 October 1998). 7. Operation Boleas in Lesotho: the political-operational interface. Guest lecture presented to the Officers Forum of the SA Army College, Thaba Tshwane, 20 August 1999. 8. External reviewer for the selection of the best research paper of Joint Staff Course 41/1999 and Joint Staff Course 42/1999 at the SA National Defence College. 9. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 17 February 2000. 10. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 8 August 2000. 11. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 26 February 2001. 12. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; Significance and importance of South Africa’s contributions to international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 7 August 2001. 13. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; Significance and importance of South Africa’s contributions to international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 22 February 2002. 14. The importance and significance of the RSA’s military contribution to security challenges in Africa. Lecture presented to a visiting group of the USA Air War College, SA Army College, Thaba Tshwane, 8 March 2002. 15. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; Significance and importance of South Africa’s contributions to international peace missions; and Peacekeeping in Africa: regional and international challenges. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 13 August 2002. 16. South African participation in multinational peace missions. Lecture to students in International Politics and Conflict Resolution, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, 20 January 2003. 27 17. Regional peacekeeping challenges: challenges and prospects. Lecture to university staff, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, 20 January 2003. 18. Role-players in African peacekeeping with specific reference to the UN, AU and SADC; and Peacekeeping challenges and conflict resolution in Sierra Leone. Lectures to students in International Politics and Conflict Resolution, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, 21 January 2003. 19. Recent and current trends in international peacekeeping; Role-players in African peacekeeping; and Challenges and perils associated with peace support operations. Workshop presented to the Malawi Defence Force and other Defence functionaries (including the Principal Secretary for Defence), Malawi Institute of Management, Lilongwe, 23 January 2003. 20. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; Peacekeeping in Africa: international and regional challenges; and Recent and current trends in international peacekeeping. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 24 February 2003. 21. South African policy on participation in international peace missions; Peacekeeping in Africa: international and regional challenges; and Recent and current trends in international peacekeeping. Lectures presented to the Executive National Security Programme, SA National Defence College, Thaba Tshwane, 5 August 2003. 22. Defence spending, socio-economic challenges and foreign policy in South Africa. Lecture presented to a visiting course from the Industrial College of the Armed Forces of the (United States’) National Defence University, Stellenbosch University, 4 May 2007. 23. Conflict and conflict management in Africa. Lectures presented to 3rd year students in the Department of Sociology, Stellenbosch University, 8-9 May 2007. 24. The phenomena of conflict and peace in Africa. Lecture presented to 3rd year students in the Department of Sociology, Stellenbosch University, 8 May 2008. 25. Africa in contemporary context: Reflections on political economy and the quest for peace and development. Lecture presented to the Leergang Defensie Top Management from The Netherlands Advanced Defence College, Stellenbosch University, 14 May 2008.

Other matters of interest 1997-2002 Participation in the revision and updating of the Dictionary of Political and Related Sciences. (A project of the Committee for Constitutional and Related Terminology which involved leading academics, specialists and officials of the Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology.) 1997-2009 Member of the SA Political Studies Association: 1997 –. 1998 Article referee for Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 1998 Participation in a SA National Defence College study visit to Lesotho shortly after the start of the South African/Botswana military intervention operation (“Operation Boleas”) in that country. 1999 Article referee for Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 1999 Finalist in the 1998/99 Daimler-Benz Aerospace - African Armed Forces Journal Competition for Professional Military Writing for a submission entitled, Defence planning and the role of non-traditional military tasks: reflections on an important discourse. 1999-2001 Member of the Editorial Board of the Online Journal of Peace and Conflict Resolution (Washington, DC). 1999-2009 Member of the Africa Institute of SA: 1999 – 2008. 2000 Article referee for Politeia. 2000 Article referee for Africa Insight. 2000 Participation in SA National Defence College study tour to Kenya (to various government and military institutions as well as the UN East Africa Headquarters). 2000 Participation in fact-finding visits to the Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut der Bundeswehr in Strausberg, Germany and the Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung Militärwissenschafliches Büro, Vienna, Austria. 2000-2002 Member of the Editorial Board of Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 28 2001 External reviewer for the selection of the best research paper of the Executive National Security Programme 04/2001 at the SA National Defence College. 2001 Co-organiser and chairperson of a seminar, Deployment in the DRC and Ethiopia/Eritrea: Is South Africa ready for peacekeeping?, co-organised with the Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria, 13 June 2001. 2001 Co-organiser and chairperson of a seminar, International terror: Implications for South and Southern Africa, co-organised with the Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria, 15 November 2001. 2001 Participation in SA National Defence College study tour to Egypt (to various state and military institutions as well as the Nasser Higher Military Academy). 2001 Re-appointed as member of the Editorial Board of the Online Journal of Peace and Conflict Resolution (Tabula Rasa Institute, Washington, DC). 2001 Co-host of a Zambian Defence Force Research Team with Armscor’s Defence Research Centre. 2001-2002 Research Associate of the Africa Institute of SA. 2002 External reviewer for the selection of the best research paper(s) of the Executive National Security Programme 05/2002 at the SA National Defence College. 2002 Article referee for Journal for Contemporary History. 2002 Article referee for Politeia. 2002 Article referee for Africa Insight. 2002 Finalist in the 2001/2 European Aeronautics Defence Systems - African Armed Forces Journal Competition for Professional Military Writing for a submission entitled, The South African Navy: facing the challenges of peacekeeping responsibilities. 2003 Article referee for Africa Insight. 2004 Symposium participation; Summation of main considerations before closure: Revolutionary Challenges for South Africa, presented by the Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria and the Centre for Military Studies, University of Stellenbosch, University of Pretoria Conference Centre, 11 August 2004. 2004 Article referee for Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship. 2004-2005 Research Associate of the Centre for International Political Studies, University of Pretoria. 2005 Article referee for Journal of Contemporary History (2 articles). 2005 Independent referee for a chapter by Prof H. Hudson of the University of the Free State in the book, Gender, Conflict, and Peacekeeping. (Note: Book submitted for subsidy.) 2005 Reviewer for the Danish Institute for International Studies: report on The UN as a political- security actor with special focus on Africa. 2005 Reviewer for SA Army Vision 2020 Task Team: Vision 2020 Force Employment draft document. 2006 Chairperson during a day-long seminar on The Privitised Military Operations Industry, organised for the USA Industrial College of the Armed Forces (of the National Defense University) by the Department of Sociology, University of Stellenbosch, 17 May 2006. 2006 Article referee for Journal for Contemporary History. 2006 Reviewer for a grant application to the National Research Foundation. 2006 Input into a research report on South Africa’s involvement in continental peacekeeping by the International Crisis Group. 2007 Reviewer for a grant application to the National Research Foundation. 2007 Article referee for Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 2007 Article referee for Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship (2 articles). 2008 Article referee for Journal for Contemporary History. 2008 Article referee for (U.S. Air Force) Strategic Studies Quarterly. 2008 Article referee for African Security Review. 2008 Article referee for Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 2008 External assessor for the Department of Political Studies, Vaaltriangle Campus of the North West University: September 2008. 29 2008 Referee for a brief prepared for the South African Futures – Zimbabwean Futures Forum, The Zimbabwean Crisis and Security Sector Transformation, hosted by the University of the Witwatersrand, 31 October 2008. 30

APPENDIX D JANUARY 1991 TO MARCH 1997 DEPARTMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, PRETORIA

TASKS, PROJECTS AND PERFORMANCE

1 January 1991 - 31 December 1993 Presented various documents to ministerial level, contributed to departmental publications and made presentations to top management with regard to research and advice on the process of constitutional development in South Africa. Performed secretarial and related support functions at top level pertaining to -  the Committee of Directors General on the Administrative Rationalisation of the Public Service in South Africa, the former TBVC states and the so-called self-governing territories; and  Subgroups 1 and 3 of the Ministerial Policy Committee on Regional Government. Took part in an official visit to African states (Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire [Ivory Coast] and Gabon) with a view to communicating the achievements of the constitutional negotiation process (May 1993). Performed secretarial and related support functions at top level pertaining to -  the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) Committee of government officials and senior members of the ANC on the future of the Public Service in a new constitutional framework; and  the Committee of Directors General on CODESA Negotiations. Received departmental awards for achievement in 1991, 1992 and 1993.

1 January 1994 - 31 August 1995 Presented various documents to ministerial level, contributed to departmental publications and made presentations to top management with regard to research and advice on the process of constitutional development in South Africa. Organised, took part in and rendered secretarial support to an academic workshop on Democratic Nation- building in Cape Town hosted by the Department of Constitutional Development. Took part in a four-week training course in Japan in relation to provincial and local government administration, and acted leader of the departmental delegation. Received a merit award for achievement during the period under review.

1 September 1995 - 31 March 1997 Rendered advice, facilitated and assisted in the implementation of the 1996 (transitional) Constitution. Assisted in the co-ordination of intergovernmental relations/provincial liaison wrt the relationship and interface between rural local governments and traditional leaders/authorities. Performed functions as secretary/scribe during the so-called pre-Imbizo in KwaZulu-Natal between former President Nelson Mandela, Minister Mongusuthu Buthelezi, King Goodwill Zwelithini, the amaKhosi of KwaZulu/Natal and other senior political functionaries. Performed and managed tasks as project co-ordinator of a departmental research team in relation to the future status, role and functions of traditional leadership with a view to formulating a policy framework in this regard. (Performed a leadership role in study visits to more than 60 experts/academics as well as various traditional leaders throughout the country.) Assisted in and facilitated the work of the Commission of Enquiry into the Taung/Kuruman/Kudumane border dispute.

RESEARCH-BASED CONTRIBUTIONS

Contributions to research publications of the Department of Constitutional Development 1. Department of Constitutional Development. 1993. Discussion document: Governments of National Unity. Pretoria. 134p. 2. Department of Constitutional Development. 1995. Discussion document: The process of political negotiation 1990 - 1993: a brief overview and evaluation. Pretoria. 18p. 31 3. Department of Constitutional Development. 1995. Discussion document: An overview of the fundamental principles of selected proportional electoral systems. Pretoria. 25p. 4. Department of Constitutional Development. 1996. Discussion document: Development and transformation of policy matters on traditional leadership: Evaluation and summation of discussions with academics and experts. Pretoria. 53p.

Other research contributions 1. Codesa II and the so-called stalemate in the negotiation process. (Article drafted for Mr RP Meyer, Minister for Constitutional Development, in reply to a research request of the Institute for Black Research, University of Natal (currently University of KwaZulu-Natal), 4 September 1992.) 2. Lessons from the Government of National Unity for a future South Africa. 1995. ISSUP Bulletin, 5/95. (Conference paper drafted for Mr RP Meyer, Minister for Provincial Affairs and Constitutional Development, presented at a Conference of the Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria on A new executive for South Africa, held at the University of Pretoria, 14 February 1995.)

Public presentations (on behalf of the Department) 1. Developing a new constitutional framework in South Africa. Presentation to SA Tourism (SATOUR), Pretoria, 20 April 1993. 2. Democratisation as a prerequisite for nation-building in South Africa. Paper presented at a Workshop on Democratic Nation-building, hosted by the Department of Constitutional Development, Parliament, Cape Town, 30 August 1995. 3. The broad constitutional framework. Presentation to the Correctional Services Training College, Kroonstad, 28 November 1995.