• THE AM E R I CAN 2 Qc NOVEMBEi 1965

M ^A 6 A Z I N E 4

THE SYSTEMATIC

*. TERROR OF B/THE VIET COIMG

by^Deane and David Hellerj m -

THE FIRST 100 YEARS ' A NEW KIND OF H00SING IN AMERICA by Jack Pearl -vVo OF THE | *• STATUE OF LIBERTY

by Tom Mahoney

THE NEW NATIONAL COMMANDER o|THE AMERICAN LEGION—A Biography % \& , Should a man in his 50 s be allowed out in a Mustang?

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1966 Mustang Hardtop ;

The American

NOVEMBER 1965

Volume 79, Number 5

POSTMASTER: LEGION Send Form 3579 to P.O. 1954 Box Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 Magazine The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for November 1965 New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor WHAT DISRESPECT FOR LAW MEANS 6 Robert B. Pitkin Assistant Editor BY NATIONAL COMMANDER L. ELDON JAMES John Andreola A people who seek what they want by disorderly process Art Editor can only move backward. Al Marshall Associate Editors Roy Miller THE SYSTEMATIC TERROR OF THE VIET James S. Swartz CONG 8 Production Manager BY DEANE AND DAVID HELLER Art Bretzheld The true story of the brutal war of the Viet Cong against Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford the civilian population of South Vietnam. Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson Indianapolis, Ind. HISTORIC UNIFORMS 13 Advertising Director Robert P. Redden A photo feature. Chicago-Detroit Sales Office Bart J. Burns 35 East Waeker Drive THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE Chicago, 111. 60601 CEntral 6-2401 AMERICAN LEGION, 1965-66 14 BY ROBERT B. PITKIN CHANGE OF ADDRESS: A biography of L. Eldon James, Virginia, of who was elected Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1954, to head The American Legion for the coming year Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office at the Portland Convention in August. Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses with ZIP Code number and membership card number. Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. OLD SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA 17 BY ALDEN STEVENS The travel American Legion A article for today's motorists about a 200-year-old Moravian Publications Commission: community in Winston-Salem, N. C. Seventeenth in Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa (Chairman) Adolph F. Bremer, Winona, the series "Seeing Historic America." ;

Minn. ( V ice Chairman) ; Lang Armstrong, Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth, Hunting

ton, W . V a. ; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa. A NEW FORM OF E. Cooper, Fla. Clovis HOME OWNERSHIP IN AMERICA 18 J. Hollyivood, ; Cope- BY JACK PEARL land, Little Rock, Ark.; Paul B. Dague, Down- ingtown, Pa. ; Raymond Fields, Guy man, Okla. Starting in Chris Hernandez, 1961, "condominiums" became legally practical in Savannah, Ca. ; George D. the United States. Here's a look at this unique home Levy, Sumter, S. C; Howard E. Lohman, Moorhead, Minn. ; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, ownership and its recent development. And N. Y. ; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; J. H. don't confuse it with "co-ops." Morris, Baton Rouge, La.; Robert Mitchler, Oswego, III.; Harry H. Schaffer, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Bradley J. Stephens, Los Altos, Calif.; Wayne L. Talbert, Delphi, Ind.; Benjamin B. SHOULD THE U.S. PROCEED NOW WITH A Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert H. Wilder, NEW ISTHMIAN CANAL? Dadeville, Ala. Edward Mc Sweeney, A r monk, 22 N. Y. (Consultant) TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION pro: SEN. WARREN G. MAGNUSON (D-WASH.) con: REP. DANIEL J. FLOOD (D-PA.) The American Legion Magazine is published monthly at 1100 West Broadway. Louisville, Ky. 40201 by The American Legion. Copyright THE FIRST 100 YEARS OF THE STATUE 1965 by The American Legion. Second-class OF LIBERTY 24 postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single BY TOM MAHONEY copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, S2.00. Order nonmember subscriptions from The magnificent lady in the Cir- New York Harbor was conceived a century culation Department of The American Legion, ago and erected 80 years ago. Here she is, from then P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

until now, in a fascinating history. Editorial and advertising offices : 720 5th Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. L. Eldon Departments James, National Commander.

EDITOR'S CORNER 2 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 31 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 4 PERSONAL 43 Publisher's Representatives West Coast DATELINE WASHINGTON 7 BOOKS 51 Arden E. Roney & Assoc. ROD & CLUB 28 LEGION SHOPPER 52 Los Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. VETERANS NEWSLETTER 29 PARTING SHOTS 56 Northwest The Harlowe Co. Seattle, Wash. 98101 Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material'.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 1 WISDOM IS EASY AT LAST making a big thing of water tortures ap- Down through all the ages man has plied to captured VC guerrillas by our al- struggled—and struggled—and strug- EDITOR'S lies, and by raising a stink about the hu- gled—in his search for wisdom. Among mane use of tear gas in the war there. the wisest men of ancient times were the —CORNER American educators have defended the philosopher Plato and the philosopher- — Viet Cong permitted VC propaganda — scientist Aristotle. Yet in two lifetimes movies to be shown on U.S. campuses. given to scholarly pursuits they made vast May they never see education suffer here One stands aghast in wonderment at errors in their judgments of the nature of as it has at the hands of the Viet Cong in how a mere slip of a girl, whose chief things. But so difficult was wisdom to Vietnam, where children have had their stock in trade is strummed ditties, can ar- come by that it took almost 2,000 years fingers cut off for going to school, and rive at judgment so superior to our coun- before their major errors were corrected teachers have been murdered and kid- try's responsible statesmen that she must by others who also spent their whole lives napped to close the schools. In this issue take up the call and assume to leadership in deep study—men like Copernicus and we are taking the blankets off as much of of the yearning masses. Kepler and Galileo and Newton. the Viet Cong's unspeakable brutality to We recall that ancient Pythagoras be- Today, however, all that is changed. defenseless people as we can squeeze into lieved that the universe beat to a tune of We now have instant wisdom. It wasn't the scope of a magazine article. If you ordered harmonics, and Plato said that easy to find the formula. Indeed, how squirm at our written or pictorial account the heavenly spheres vibrated to music so could Aristotle or Plato or Newton or in the Heller's article, "The Systematic pregnant with high truth that coarse hu- Galileo ever have guessed that the way Terror of the Viet Cong," on page 8, be man ears could not hear it. Come on, girl, to revealed truth was to strum a banjo advised that that isn't the half of it. where did you get that instrument? We or guitar and sing folksongs? have been going through photos of village Today, Miss Joan Baez, the eminent leaders trussed, stabbed, chopped up, some folksinger, has SOME TRUTH FROM VIETNAM become perhaps our leading with big chunks of flesh gouged out of practitioner of revealed world statesman- Anyone who really knows what the Viet them, until we could vomit. We've been ship acquired by folksinging. She was Cong has been doing under the name through photos of little children indis- there at Berkeley when the students of "liberation" in were South Vietnam defends criminately butchered until we are sick. rioting, strumming them on to the truth them at the risk of losing any claim to be- Photos that no other mass medium has about things. More recently, in Carnegie longing to the race of civilized human shown to Americans in eight years of Hall, she stole the show during a "Sing beings. these crimes. Water torture, indeed! That In for Peace in Vietnam." Indeed she Yet the Viet Cong has been defended. the world would accept these things, that brought the house she stopped down when And by Americans. In a backward sort the press would soft pedal them, that the strumming to urge the men in the audience of way, even our press has been defending United Nations would sit by for eight not to cooperate with the draft. She was them by its failure to report to world opin- years and permit them to happen is all earlier reported to have pointed the way ion the unspeakable horrors committed utterly inexcusable. There is no self- to peace through non-payment of taxes. on civilians by the Viet Cong, while yet — laudatory adjective that the UN heaps up- on itself that anyone should believe in the face of its eight years of excusing itself, with technicalities and the weighing of second-rate issues, in the matter of inter- vention in Vietnam. One of the hundreds of anecdotes we had no room for is the story of Mrs. Le Thi Dap of Binh Dai, a housewife. The Folks, enjoy the extra smoothness Viet Cong tortured her to her to re- veal where her soldier husband was. They beat her. Then they slashed her with of my extra age ma- chetes. Then they hacked off her right arm. Tear gas, indeed! She did not talk. Later, Kentucky Bourbon! U.S. Army Maj. Orlyn C. Oestereich sent measurements of her stump to Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, and last

SINCE 1836

...and the extra age doesn't cost one extra cent!

New arm for Mrs. Le Thi Dap

May 14 Dr. Oestereich had the pleasure of giving her an artificial arm and hand, Another Perennial favorite: though she can't strum a guitar in Car-

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2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 NOW YOU KNOW HOW IT FEELS TO SHAVE WITH AN ELECTRIC SHAVER THAT SHAVES 18% CLOSER THAN ANY OTHER.

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/VOtCtCO The Close Electric Shave * ©1965 North American Philips Company, Inc., 100 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10017 Olher products: Electric Housewares, Hearing Aids, Radios, Tape Recorders, Dictating Machines, Electronic Educational Kits, Medical X-ray Equipment, Electronic Tubes and Devices. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 3 work and even living on catnaps are compatable with a long and useful and LETTERS TO THE EDITOR happy life. And he did it all the free en- terprise, ail-American way, without government handout, subsidies, or red tape to tangle and tie him. Bravo to Letters published do not necessarily ex- uable public service by publishing the Edison and your magazine for bringing press the policy of The American Legion. Keep letters short. Name and address must Mahoney article. I always look forward us such outstanding Americans in your be furnished. Expressions of opinion and to your magazine's arrival in my office. historical articles. requests for personal services are appreci- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Sen. Frank E. Moss (Utah) J. DeWitt Fox magazine staff for answered, due to lack of Washington, D.C. Glendale, these purposes. Requests for personal serv- Calif. ices which may be legitimately asked of The American Legion should be made to sir: Tom Mahoney's article "$100 Billion your Post Service Officer or your state sir: I wish to sincerely thank you and (Department) American Legion Hq. Send for Fresh Water?" was an interesting author Robert Silverberg for the very editor Letters, The letters to the to: article on a continuing problem. In 1955, American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- fine article on Thomas A. Edison. Too nue, New York, N.Y. 10019. President Eisenhower asked for a com- often we are inclined to take for granted plete report on this country's fresh water the accomplishments of such talented A NON-PARTISAN "MUST" supply. That report was called "Water people. Since Mr. Edison ranks with sir: One does not have to have voted Resources Policy," and it was presented the greatest-of-the-greats in the history his for President Johnson to applaud to all agencies concerned on January of our nation, I think we should at least stern stand on Vietnam and his rapid 17, 1956. Now, ten years later, we're still remember his birthday each year. Cal- on Santo Domingo. It has been talking about America's fresh water endar publishers please take notice. evident for far too long that if we do situation. Robert L. Bickford, Sr. not take an inflexible stand against com- Ralph A. Pierpont Newport, Vt. munist chewing at the frontiers of free- Branford, Conn. dom, they'll eat up the whole world in sir: Edison has always been a man small bites. As an ardent Republican I THOMAS A. EDISON, INVENTOR whom I've admired and appreciated do applaud Mr. Johnson's militant stand, sir: Congratulations on your story greatly [and] it was a privilege for me which was so well set forth in George "Thomas A. Edison—The Man Who In- to read the article on "the man who in- Fielding Eliot's article "Lyndon John- vented Almost Everything" (Sept.). I vented almost everything." I think that son's Get-Tough Policy," in September. found it particularly interesting as I everyone should be able to read it, es- I urge it on all candidates for the Pres- happen to own the Passion Play motion pecially children. You and the author idency in the future, and I only dread picture, produced in 1897 by R. G. Holl- are to be commended. that his militancy against budging an- aman and released by Thomas A. Edison Rose Ann Goubeaux other inch in the face of red Co. It was the first major milestone in Greenville, Ohio may become a political issue in this the development of motion pictures and country. That must not happen. Anyone was believed vanished until my dis- BOYS' STATES in this country who really wants peace covery in 1964. It is the last remaining sir: Thank you for the article "A Look must realize that we can have it by being print of this historic film. At A Boys' State" (September). I hope fair but tough, but can never get it by C. P. Nicks it inspires boys to try to go to the Boys' being flabby and vacillating. On this, Huntsville, Ala. State in their home states. Our oldest regardless of our personal politics, we son attended Oklahoma Boys' State in must show a united front to the world. 1963 it a highlight in his life. I H. C. Johnson sir: I read with much interest your story and was have been deeply grateful to The Amer- St. Louis, Mo. by Robert Silverberg on Thomas A. Edison. I was born in 1893, the year in ican Legion for this field of its varied work. $100 BILLION FOR FRESH WATER? which Edison wrote of constructing a little instrument called the Kinetoscope Mrs. Joe Patterson sir: I have just received the September with fear of it ever earning its cost, Buffalo, Okla. issue of The American Legion Magazine which it did, and a few million times and I read with pleasure the excellent over. I well remember when I was a . . . AND NATION article by Tom Mahoney on NAWAPA mere boy it was made known by word sir: In regard to your fine September ("$100 Billion for Fresh Water?"). I of that article on Boys' Nation (News of The must call to your attention, however, a mouth Uncle Elem DeFrease had American Legion), I would like to add reproduction of the error in the Con- bought one of Edison's Graphophones and invited the neighbors to hear it on for the further edification of your read- gressional Record for July 1, 1965. Your ers that the Woodrow Wilson High article credits my distinguished col- a Sunday evening. Like many others, I Snyder, of league from Alaska, Senator Ernest walked five country miles to his home School attended by Jim one representatives Nation, Gruening, with several comments re- to witness this demonstration. The crowd Ohio's to Boys' garding the NAWAPA concept which was too large for house accommodations, is part of the school system operated by the Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans are in fact my remarks. I addressed the so he set up the show on the porch while of Ohio. is a resident Senate on July 1, at which time Senator the crowd assembled on the lawn. There Home Xenia, Jim institution, established Gruening associated himself with my it was, the little machine with the big of this which was remarks. The error in printing the Con- horn, out of which came a man's voice in 1869 for the benefit of destitute or- gressional Record showed the few sen- speaking words. It was marvelous, un- phans of Ohio war veterans. We are tences by Senator Gruening but failed believable and the talk of the country proud not only of Jim's achievement to indicate where I resumed my speech. for weeks. but also that our institution is turning Thus, my remarks were attributed to Claude A. Shupe out young men of his caliber. him. I am sure you will also be inter- Bluefield, W. Va. S. L. Stephan, Superintendent ested in affirmative action I am con- Ohio Soldiers & Sailors Orphans Home templating with regard to NAWAPA. In sir: Your excellent article on "the man Xenia, Ohio the next few days, I will introduce a who invented almost everything" not Senate Resolution directing the Inter- only placed our great American inventor ERNIE PYLE'S MEMORIAL national Joint Commission to study the Thomas A. Edison in a new light, but sir: In the "News" column of your Au- NAWAPA concept and conduct a de- should inspire young and old alike to gust issue, an item states that Okinawa tailed engineering examination. It is my use their inventive thoughts. Edison's Post 28 makes an annual pilgrimage to hope that the Canadian Parliament famed "Genius is 2% inspiration and Ie Shima to the "burial place of war would pass a like resolution. 98% perspiration" was truly exemplified correspondent Ernie Pyle." Ernie Pyle Thank you for performing a very val- in his own life. He also proved that hard is buried in Punch Bowl National Cem-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 .

etery in Honolulu. I believe there is rency Committee, played a major role Now...an Attache Case a monument on Ie Shima, erected at in writing the Act. For more details see that looks like you. the place he was killed, and that is "Veterans Newsletter," page 29. probably the place where the Post mem- BUDGET BUREAU bers visit. THE IMPORTANT! Jack Handford sir: I wish to call your attention to Maple Shade, N.J. the insertion of the article by Deane and David Heller on the Bureau of the Ernie Pyle was originally buried on Budget ("The Extraordinary Powers of Ie Shima, and the place is still marked. the Bureau of the Budget," August) in Much later his remains were removed the Congressional Record of September to Punch Bowl. 14, 1965, page 22965. I have taken the liberty of inserting this fine article in REQUEST TO READERS the permanent Record of the Congress sir: I would like to obtain a copy of as I thought it worthy of preservation the book "The Official History of the and wide distribution to our fellow 86th Division" by John G. Little, Jr., Americans. There are over 60,000 daily published in 1921. My father, who is a readers of the Record throughout the member of The American Legion, had world and I think they will find the one and it was borrowed and never re- article of as much interest as I did. Con- turned. I have contacted many book gratulations for having such outstanding stores, but as the book is out of print contributors to your magazine. I have been unable to acquire a copy. Sen. Ralph W. Yarborough (Tex.) Would a reader have one or possibly Washington, D.C. know where I could get one? Mrs. Harold E. Freund REQUEST FULFILLED R. 4, Box 299 sir: In your July 1965 edition you in- Fond du Lac, Wis. 54935 cluded a letter from me asking for miss- ing copies of The American Legion VETS HOUSING Magazine for the new library at West sir: The Housing and Urban Develop- Point Military Academy. I have been in- ment Act of 1965 contains a special pro- formed that as a result, the file at the vision of value to veterans of war and Academy is now complete and I wish to peace. It provides FHA guarantees for thank all who sent copies or offered mortgages for veterans, with no down copies for the file. As my street address payment for houses appraised at $15,000 was not listed with my letter, some letters and less, and relatively small down pay- may not have been received by me so ments for houses appraised at higher I am unable to thank them individually. value. It is a considerable improvement It is possible that other service acad- over the GI loan program, which basic- emies may not have complete files. I ally provides only a loan guarantees of suggest that other Legionnaires who, 60% of the value of a house up to $7,500. like myself, have complete or nearly Rep. William B. Widnall complete files lying useless in their attics 7th Congressional District of N.J. turn them over to some school or library Paramus, N.J. where they may be preserved for poster- ity. Rep. Widnall, the ranking minority Frank P. Conway member of the House Banking and Cur- Union, N.J.

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 5 FOR YOUR INFORMATION What Disrespect For Law Means

By NATIONAL COMMANDER

Speaker after speaker at the recent National Convention Disrespect for law in the United States in this century ac- of The American Legion in Portland, Oregon, turned celerated in the 1920's as a result of public disapproval of to the subject of the accelerating breakdown of respect for the 18th Amendment. Its repeal in the 1930's was achieved law and order in the United States. Events before and after through orderly process and should have set a pattern for the our 1965 Convention bear out the experts' warning that the future. But today we see some respectable people taking up problem has assumed critical proportions. where the beer runners and speakeasies left off in their dis- Last July, thousands of college students in six states dese- regard for law and order. crated the 189th anniversary of the Declaration of Indepen- Clark R. Mollenhoff, of Cowles Publications, who received dence by engaging in destructive and unprovoked rioting. a Legion "Fourth Estate" award, urged our Convention dele- In August, savage mobs waged a week-long reign of terror gates to demonstrate "that we see through those who speak in the streets of Los Angeles at a cost of 31 people killed, of non-violence while cleverly lighting fires of discord whether

762 injured and $200 million in property damage. Similar it is done by the KKK or under the guise of a civil rights mobs terrorized residential areas in Chicago, Illinois, and in banner." Springfield, Massachusetts, and a score of resort communities. In the nation's capital an improbable gathering of some- commend to every American Legion Post that it pub- thing called "the Unrepresented People" blockaded the White I licly declare its firm support of law enforcement agencies House driveways to protest our war against communist ag- and officials. Prove that you mean it by offering American gression in Vietnam—and cried "police brutality" when offi- Legion personnel or facilities to aid police work in your com- cers of the law carried them away. Across the continent, munity. other "demonstrators" sought to frustrate public policy by Ask the grade and high school authorities to arrange a blocking trains and trucks delivering U.S. fighting men to a continuing program of films or lectures or field trips designed port of embarkation. to improve youngsters' understanding of the rule of law and Crime statistics tell an even grimmer, if less spectacular, the peace officers' mission. story. According to U.S. Senator John L. McClellan, the "We need the teaching that the foundation of government national crime rate has doubled since 1940 and major crimes is respect for the law," the late President Herbert Clark in 1964 showed a 13% increase over 1963. Hoover told an American Legion Convention 35 years ago. What has happened to Americans' traditional respect for In accepting the posthumous award to his father of The Amer- law and civil authority? ican Legion's Distinguished Service Medal at our most recent Convention, Herbert Clark Hoover, Jr., quoted from that prominent sociologist described the Los Angeles speech an excerpt that lights America's way in 1965: A riots as "a purging of tensions" arising from failures "A quickened interest on the part of the community can in our society. insist upon proper enforcement of law, can arouse public

Director J. Edgar Hoover of the Federal Bureau of In- opinion while any condition of lawlessness remains unchecked vestigation, writing in the F.B.I. Law Enforcement Bulletin, in that community." rendered a different judgment. "No doubt society has failed our youth," he said, "but not in the way many seem to think. The maintenance of respect for law and order, President Rather, the dereliction has been in the failure to teach them Hoover warned us 35 years ago. is "an inseparable part of the meaning of discipline, restraint, self-respect, and respect the safety and progress of the Nation." for law and order and the rights of others." The philosophy that we can each select which laws to As U.S. Senator George Murphy reminded American obey and which to ignore can only end in no protection un- Legion delegates at Portland, the right of dissent does der the law for anyone. It is especially appalling that more not give us license to break the law. The contrary view has and more people in positions of leadership are encouraging been propagandized by the Communist Party, relentlessly the young or the discontented to take the law into their own and effectively, for 45 years. Recently, it has been tolerated hands. in more and more courts, preached from more and more pulpits and advocated in more and more classrooms. Abraham Lincoln urged all leaders to make respect for Legionnaire W. H. Parker, Los Angeles' chief of police, told law become "the political religion of the land." The in- our National Security Commission in Portland: "It seems creasing numbers of Americans who violate the law in the rather paradoxical that, at a time when we are losing the war course of seeking better laws in their own interests are in against crime, our high courts would afford greater protection the paradoxical situation of destroying the protection they

to the criminal offender by placing new and crippling re- seek before they achieve it. Nothing may long be maintained

strictions upon police activity." when respect for it is gone.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 " , ,

LBJ'S POWER IN CONGRESS DATELINE RED TARGETS IN LATIN AMERICA. m THE RIGHT TO PLAN A FAMILY WASHINGTON

The secret of President Johnson' s magical touch in push- PEOPLE AND QUOTES: ing his legislative program through Congress lies in the change of posture, rather than politics, of HOW TRUE Congress. "The right to be heard does Since the latter days of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt not automatically include the Administration, notwithstanding the party in control, right to be taken seriously." Congress has been ruled by a conservative coalition com- Vice President Humphrey, prising most Republicians and Southern Democrats. This about college demonstrations. coalition often the wishes of Presidents frustrated SERENDIPITY Truman, and Kennedy. Eisenhower "When those 13 little colonies However, President Johnson' s landslide vi c tory o ver started the whole thing, they Barry Goldwater in 1964 swept out dozens of GOP stalwarts didn't think the U.S. would and swept in 71 new, eager Democrats. Most of these fresh- amount to anything. But it's men have steadfastly hewed to the Johnson line. Thus still the greatest country in the has LBJ been enabled to obtain passage of so-called world." Former President liberal legislation that previously got bottled up. The Harry S. Truman. President, fully aware of the source of his legislative magic, has already initiated a behind-scenes campaign, SPACE PROBLEM headed by Vice President Humphrey, to help return his "... You'd wind up never freshman followers to Congress in the 1966 elections. sleeping because you hated to miss anything." Col. L. Gordon Cooper, Jr., commenting on 8- While the wars in Asia command the headlines a House day Gemini space flight. subcommittee has been monitoring the unceasing campaign of subversion by the communists in Latin America. During VIETNAM the past year, reports the Inter-American Affairs sub- "The firm stand of the U.S. in committee headed by Rep. Armistead I. Selden (D-Ala. ) the Vietnam war provides a ray the reds suffered reversals in Brazil, Chile, Venezuela of hope for safeguarding Asian and British Guiana. freedom and world peace." Undeterred by the setbacks, however, the once- President Chiang Kai-shek. quarreling commie factions are regrouping for a united program of subversion, directed and financed through SLOW PEACE Castro's Cuba, the Congressional watchdog group warns. "I have no illusions that The principal red target areas are Colombia, Venezuela, peace can be achieved rapidly. Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay and Haiti. But I have every confidence Despite their differences, the ultimate aim of Soviet that it is going to be possible Russia, Communist China and Castro Cuba is to "bury us," to inch forward to it, inch by the subcommittee observes, adding: "We must face the fact agonizing inch." Arthur J. that we are up against full-time Communist professionals Goldberg, U.S. Amb. to the UN. and, to a large extent, we have part-time amateurs com- bating their efforts." FRENCH AMBITION "In 1969 at the very latest we Castro, the believes, the ex- As for subcommittee only French will end the subordina- financial from the traordinary support Soviet keeps his tion which places our destinies from crumbling. regime in the hands of foreigners." President De Gaulle of France. The federal government has quietly been making available information and assistance in the once-taboo, still-con- NEW LIFE? "It is my intent that we troversial area of birth control. 'swing' a little. Under my President Johnson gave official impetus to the grow- stewardship, the Voice of ing trend when he told Congress last January that he America . . . will be vigorous, would "seek new ways to use our knowledge to help deal with " amusing, avant-garde. . . . the explosion in world population. . . . " In a summer John Chancellor, new Voice of speech, he declared the problem to be the "most profound America Chief. challenge to the future of the world. Family planning programs are already being carried out NO SINGLE by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare ; "There is no single solution

Interior Department ; Office of Economic Opportunity, and for the sickness of Latin Amer- the Agency for International Development among others. ica." Sen. Dodd (D-Conn.).

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 7 The Systematic Terror of the Viet Cong

for eight years in South Vietnam. It is The Viet Cong attack on civilians is the not the war of soldier versus soldier that

you have been reading about. It is the most poorly reported event of our times. bandit war of armed Viet Cong against unarmed South Vietnamese civilians, which to date has been one of the worst By DEANE AND DAVID HELLER reported events of our time. In 1958 the Viet Cong, on orders from 3 May 5, 1965, in the mountains nam Public Works A -ton truck was able North Vietnam, started its program of ONnorth of Ban Me Thuot in South to speed away unharmed. The next ve- terror and destruction against the civilian Vietnam, an armed band of Viet hicle along was a slow, asphalt distrib- population of its neighbor. It is a testi- Cong stopped two buses full of civilians utor. It had no chance to get away, and mony of the highest order to the South on Route 14 near the Cambodian border. the four Public Works employees riding Vietnamese that they are still resisting

A roadblock was set up by putting the in it were casually murdered. Hours later after eight years, during less than one buses across the road. All 16 passengers the bodies were discovered and taken to of which they have enjoyed the outright of the two buses were trussed up, Ban Me Thuot where, amidst weeping armed assistance of U.S. soldiery. marched into the forest, made to lie and wailing, they were given a common The annals of history may record the down and shot to death. Coming upon community burial. VC terror as one of the worst examples the roadblock, the driver of a South Viet- This kind of thing has been going on of organized butchery, programmed to

The maternity hospital at My-Phuoc-Tay, in South Vietnam's Dinh Tuong Province is one of many civilian medical establish- ments that have been repeatedly destroyed by Viet Cong raiding parties. This damage was done on a foray of April 8, 1964.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 Smoking ruins of the Buddhist Lao Dai Temple in Tan Hanh, burned by VC terrorists. The 64-year-old caretaker died in blaze.

One of hundreds of village leaders be- Women and children have been slaughtered U.S. A.I.D. Dr. John Reed removes shrapnel from headed by VC raiders. This was Mr. Dao- indiscriminately to frighten the villagers a South Vietnamese farmer who was brought un- hien-Kha, of Long-Tri village, Phong-Dinh. into what the reds call "liberation." der fire in his fields by Viet Cong terrorists.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 9 —

CONTINUED The Systematic Terror of the Viet Cong

a political aim, in the whole black ledger of human barbarism. The tools of the terror are familiar enough: murder, kidnapping, arson, bombing, knifing, forced conscription, torture, confiscation and destruction of property, mutilation, disemboweling, be- heading, ambushing innocent villagers men, women and children. The U.S. Defense Department reports that VC atrocities against civilians—in categories that violate the rules of war- fare—averaged 171 weekly during 1962. A Viet Cong mine derailed this freight train at Thu Doc, northeast of Saigon, last Janu- In 1963 they climbed to 183 murders, ary. The engine was destroyed and two trainmen were seriously wounded in blast. kidnappings, rapes, disembowelments or other crimes against civilians of all ages and both sexes, per week. In 1964 they nearly doubled, rising to 376 a week. This year they have soared higher.

While the world is accustomed to ac- counts of the wanton, brutal acts of

men of violence, there is little that is random or senseless in the VC campaign of atrocity. It is dispassionate, cold, im- personal, done for a purpose. The targets

are selected to fit a general policy dic- tated from communist North Vietnam, to solve a specific political problem of the communist leadership. During the first few years of the sep- aration of North and South Vietnam un- der the Geneva Agreement of July 1954, the communists in the North were con- fident that through propaganda and po- litical infiltration they could bring South Vietnam into their orbit. Not only did they fail, but free South Vietnam made far greater strides in fulfilling the needs Twenty-two civilians, including 6 children, died when this civilian bus hit a mine planted of its people than did communist North in the road by VC terrorists in May 1964. Scene is in Long An Province. Vietnam. Income rose, production rose, and more than 900,000 people left North Hanoi took two years to recruit and holders of villages. The list of cruelly Vietnam to be absorbed into the expand- train a political and military apparatus, murdered village leaders in South Viet- ing economy of the free South. guided by professional communists, that nam (often with their wives and chil- By 1956, a U.S. State Department was to go into the South with the mis- dren) is now so long that it takes a brave

pamphlet notes, the "record of steady sion of systematically destroying: ( 1 ) its South Vietnamese to volunteer for local improvement in the lives of the people successful way of life, (2) the will of office in an unfortified village.

1 , [in South Vietnam] . . . was intolerable the people to remain independent and The light of dawn on June 5, 96 1 re- to the rulers in Hanoi [the capital of free, and (3) the ability of national and vealed in the village of Long-Tri the

communist North Vietnam] . . . The local governments of South Vietnam to head of Dao-hien-Kha, neatly severed

South was outstripping the North . . . maintain internal order and assure the from his khaki-clad body, lying in a dark They were losing the battle of peaceful personal security of their people. pool of blood. Kha was a village chief, competition and decided to use violence Widespread targets for surrender or an intelligent young leader still in his and terror to gain their ends." death are the political leaders and office- twenties.

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N OVEMBER 1965 —

the skull of Mayor Nguyen-van-Be of Tan Thoe Hiep. Typically, small groups of armed VC raid unarmed villages at night—or, if far enough from an armed outpost—in daylight. In addition to selecting village leaders for on-the-spot murder, they may pick a few others at random as "exam- ples" to the rest of the terrified hamlet. Sometimes thev hold mock trials, or an- nounce that they have already con- demned so-and-so to death in advance and have come to execute the sentence. The village may then be burned or not, at the whim of the terrorists. In Moc Hoa, 15 farmers were kid- napped last June. Dragged into the for- est, one of them—Nguyen-khoa-Nghiep —was "tried" by a "People's Court," sentenced to death, made to dig his own grave, shoved in and buried alive. Similar "trials" were held for a teen-age girl Phan-thi-Trinh—in Binh-thanh village (slashed with a machete and riddled with machinegun ); for Nguyen- phuoc-Dang of Binh-Dai District (head hacked off near his home); for 21 -year- old Tran-phuoc-Thanh of Khanh-hoi hamlet (dragged 50 yards from his A sn eak party placed a mine on this railway bridge at Vinh Binh and blasted it apart. (Tarn to next page) The South Vietnam transportation system is especially vulnerable to attack.

Their village sacked, survivors at Khien Thien take home American A.I.D. supplies.

National Assembly Deputy Y-ut Nie slashed, but the head was only partially Buon Rit, in Darlac Province, had his severed from the body. right eye hacked out, the right side of Enormous hunks of flesh were hacked his forehead split open with an axe and from the otherwise intact body of his body hacked and slashed with ma- Nguyen-van-Kha, Mayor of Nhi-Binh. chetes. The back of the head and part of the In Thai Thein village, Mayor Nguyen chin of Le-van-Mink, Mayor of Tan van-Bong's head was found lying on the Vinh Hoa, were blown off. floor of a compound, strewn with tangled The face of Nguyen-can-Cua. of Binh palm fronds. Hoa, resembled nothing human after he Eight years of the terror has failed to bring In Long-Thuan village, attempts to be- was shot, beaten and mutilated. the victims to their knees, and the South head Mayor Nguyen-van-Ba were The VC chopped a four-inch-wide Vietnamese still toil in their own defense. clumsy. The throat and neck were canyon, from ear to ear, in the back of THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE NOVEMBER 1965 11 continued THE SYSTEMATIC TERROR OF THE VIET CONG

house, slashed 100 times or so with a machete, then riddled with machinegun

fire in the presence of his family) . A sign was pinned on Thanh's body, "Sentenced to death by Company 605, Battalion 502 of the of Liberation of South Vietnam." A pregnant woman and two men had the bad luck to be fishing in Quang Nam Province last June 30 when a VC party returning from a mortar attack on Da Nang air base stumbled upon them and apparently decided to make an example of them for no particular reason except to create more terror in the countryside. They were not politically important. Peasants from Hua Cong village found them with their heads nearly severed. In Cat-son hamlet the VC broke into the home of 70-year-old Dang-thien- Mon, treasurer of the Trung-hai fishing cooperative. They machinegunned him U.S. soldier tenderly carries child whom Mother weeps over son killed when Viet a VC bomb has left with one leg hanging Cong mine blew up a truck in which they to death and almost cut his 68-year-old by a thread, as 56 died in street bombing. were both riding in a 1964 incident.| wife in two with bullets. In Kinh-Mon village in January 1964, the VC sprayed the bed of sleeping Le-Tuong, a hamlet leader, with machinegun fire. He was killed and his five-year-old daughter and seven-year-old son were badly shot up. The scale of these atrocities may best be appreciated by listing a few that were confined to a single week this year—the week of June 20-26: two of a group of kidnapped residents of Thua Thien Prov- ince were buried alive; the whole popu- lation of Quang Tin was forced to buy, for $23 each (a small fortune to a Viet- namese), a VC identity card and a "tax ticket"—and 14 youths aged 15 to 18 were kidnapped there (probably as VC "draftees"); a landowner in Bac-Lieu Province was kidnapped for not "paying taxes"; a bus was bombed on Highway

1 in Bind-Dinh Province, killing one child and wounding two others; 240 A Tay Ninh Province farmer grieves over the bodies of his wife and son. They were 12 dead and 28 wounded when communist mine blew up a farm truck. houses were burned in a Binh-Thuan among hamlet and an unknown number of peo- ple were kidnapped there. Toll of purely civilian atrocities for the week—52 ci- vilians killed, 63 wounded, 713 known kidnapped. The recorded toll against civil lead- ership in South Vietnam for the year 1964 in the calculated drive to bring about its internal collapse: 1,536 village chiefs killed; 1,359 other officials killed, 8,400 more kidnapped. Their chief crime was that they were giving their people

leadership and doing better at it than the communists in the north. In a raid on Bach-Loc hamlet, the VC hacked Truong-dink-Nghi to death with knives, but the rest of his family es- caped. Six weeks later, the VC returned at 2 a.m. They slashed Nghi's widow in the back, arms, legs, breast and fore- head. Somehow she broke away while Civilians tenderly carry off the body of an elderly woman whose crime was to be (Continued on page 49) walking by a restaurant when Viet Cong "liberators" blasted it with planted bomb. 12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE NOVEMBER 1965 Historic Uniforms

The uniforms of this unique color guard are those worn

by U.S. servicemen in major conflicts in our history. It is

the color guard of American Legion Post 175, Saranac,

Mich. It carried the State colors of Michigan in the 1965

Presidential Inaugural parade.

The uniforms identified, left to right: WW2 Army; Civil War drummer boy;

WW2 Marine dress blue; WW1 Army; Spanish-American War Rough

Riders; American Revolution, N. Y. State; War of 1812 (basis of West

Point cadet uniform ever since); Union Army, Civil War; Confederate

Army, Civil War; Air Force, Korea; another Civil War drummer boy.

(All arms are of same period as uniforms.)

PHOTO BY HOYT AVERY

James, Richardson and James (headed by his uncle, Ralph James, himself a Past The Commander of the Virginia American NATIONAL Legion) assured him that the firm would successfully cover his absence for a year —and there went point two. For em- phasis, it was his uncle who finally placed Eldon James' name in nomination (the COMMANDER only candidate nominated) at Portland. To make his continued hesitancy in 1964 more difficult, civic leaders and the groups outside of the Legion in Virginia of publicly mentioned their expectation that Eldon James would soon be the Legion's national leader. Finally his wife, Aurclia. and one of his best friends, A. N. AMERICAN "Buddy" Branch, a prominent Legion- naire in the tile business in Newport News, Va., urged him to go ahead. So did his youngest daughter. Sally. There being nothing left of his objections. LEGION James announced his candidacy. The decision was met with joy in Virginia. The campaign contributions that flowed in included not only substantial gifts

1965-1966 from those who could afford it. but a large number of $1 and $5 contributions from supporters who could hardlv afford more. Of course "unwillingness" of a candi-

date is often the mere posture of an am-

bitious man playing it coy in the familiar L. Eldon James, Hampton, Va., trial attorney pattern of government and organiza- tional politics. But anyone who knows Eldon James would flash sparks at any was elected to head the Legion on August 26. suggestion that he is a poseur. It was his genuineness, combined with level- headedness; a self-effacing, quiet cour- teousness: and a demonstrated ability willingness to tackle the most diffi- friends outside of his home state, who and By ROBERT B. PITKIN thankless job that created the had come to know him on the National cult and Eldon James, 52-year-old WW2 Executive Committee and on national spontaneous support of his candidacy Navy veteran, a practicing at- commissions and special committees on across the country before he ever fancied in Legion's top office. And L torney in Hampton, Va., and a which he had served, began to offer him himself the member of Hampton Roads Post 31 of their support for the National Com- undoubtedly it was his own well-known The American Legion in that city, was mandership on their own initiative, about reticence which stayed the hand of the unanimously elected National Com- two years ago. The idea sat well with Vir- Virginia Legionnaires, among whom he mander of The American Legion for ginia Legionnaires, but James resisted is immensely popular, from pushing him to the fore ahead of friends in other 1965-66 on Thursday, August 26, 1965, it. As late as March 1964, he protested as part of the final order of business of accepting candidacy for the national states. Robert Hazen, Oregon banker who seconded James' nomination on the the Legion's 47th National Convention leadership, citing ( 1 ) the pressure of his in the Memorial Coliseum at Portland, legal practice; (2) his obligations to his convention stage at Portland, spelled out Oregon. wife and his two minor children (he also the solid ring of James' character in these words: is a popular man ... a seri- The election of James was very much has two married daughters) ; and (3) the "He a case of the job seeking the man. For a fact that he had never pictured himself ous man who doesn't take himself too

period of fifteen years he had served the in the role of a candidate for the Na- seriously • . He is fitted to represent the Legion in a large number of responsible tional Commandership. Legion in the highest stations ... He offices on the local, state and national But his objections were rapidly erased is a common man with uncommon qual- levels without evincing any particular by others. At the Legion's midwinter ities, who subordinates his own person- ambition for elective office higher than conference in Washington in early ality to service ... A serious man for that of Virginia's member of the Le- March 1964, so many friends had con- serious days." gion's National Executive Committee, a tacted him with respect to his candidacy That kind of respect was well-earned. post he had been named to, and returned that he had, in embarrassment, found a Starting back in 1957. when he was a to, for four two-year terms starting in reason to return home before the con- freshman on the Legion's National Ex- 1957. ference ended. That killed point three of ecutive Committee, successive National It is not unusual for a state Legion or- his protest, numerous friends from all Commanders looked to him to take on

ganization to initiate the drive to put for- over the country having forcefully made sticky jobs and fill spots requiring a level ward one of its outstanding sons as a him picture himself in the role of a can- head. He served on the Committee on candidate for the National Commander- didate. Committees, whose members must come ship. But in the case of Eldon James, Next, his law partners in the firm of {Continued on next page)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 15 up with answers to questions dealing with contending ambi- He returned to William and Mary's law school for one tion for appointments. He served time and again on the Na- year in 1934, and in the summer of 1935 took the State bar tional Commander's Advisory Committee, whose job is to exam and was one of less than a fourth of the applicants counsel the National Commander on tricky major policy ques- who passed, though he would need two more years of law tions that no man wants to handle alone. He had been named school for a law degree. to the presidency of the Legion's National Child Welfare But the money to keep him in law school ran out, and Foundation, whose responsibility is the distribution of gift he went to Washington, D.C., to support himself. There he funds to independent researches and projects for the benefit went to George Washington University law school at night. of American children. More than once when a special na- His first job in the nation's capital was unpacking foreign tional Legion committee was needed to handle an unhappy china at the Woodward and Lothrop Department Store in matter to which no solution would please everyone, Eldon August 1935, for $16 a week. The job was nominally from

James was asked to serve, and did. It is a tribute to the 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., but the store let him off in time to at-

Legion quite as much as to Eldon James that it propelled tend law school from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. Early in 1937, he the fellow who wasn't trying to be a glamour boy to the top, was hired in a clerical job by the U.S. Employment Service in an age when the big smile, the neat phrase and the hearty (U.S.E.S.), then a division of the Department of Labor, at backslap are doing as well as ever for the ambitious. a salary of $115 a month. A few months later he completed Eldon James is no glamour his schoolwork and took his boy. He is lean, serious, gen- law degree from George tlemanly and quiet. His trace CONTINUED Washington Univ. But with of a smile is warmer than it salaried law jobs virtually is obvious. His words are 1 nonexistent, and nothing to few, gentle and pointed. His ^NATIONAL him over the starvation wit is pungent but subdued. period of going into practice

His friendship is steadfast for himself, he continued in and generous. The sharpness I COMMANDER Government employment. of his mind is reserved for Having successfully super- % the occasions when it is needed of vised a personnel-testing —in the give and take of project for U.S.E.S., he was trial law (his specialty) or AMERICAN advanced to steady work in when dealing with a knotty personnel testing. Then problem on a committee. U.S.E.S. merged with the Like many men in middle LEGION Social Security Board and years today, James' char- James became a Social Se- acter took on solidity as a 1965-1966 curity Board field man, to young man in the Depres- conduct job-classification sion of the 1930's. He was surveys in the various states. born on New Year's Day, During this period he met 1913, in the little town of Aurelia ("Ree") Quinby Dendron, in Surry County, Va., across the James River Mitchell of Morristown, N.J., a student at George Wash- from Jamestown, whose names reflect the antiquity of ington Univ., whose sister Eldon James had first known the James family in Virginia. The date of his birth set him at William and Mary and then as a fellow employee with up to be in his twenties at the bottom of the Depression U.S.E.S. On February 17, 1939, Eldon James and "Ree" His father, Leonard Wallace James, was county revenue Mitchell were married in Washington. Like many Depression commissioner for 24 years and engaged in numerous busi- young-marrieds. the sledding was not easy, and Eldon was nesses—a chain of theaters, real estate, a "jitney" line with on the road for the Social Security Board much of the time. Model T Ford buses. Given the same first name as his father, By now, with Hitler rampaging in Europe, our military was young James became known by his middle name, Eldon. expanding, and in June of 1941 the Navy's Bureau of Ships Eldon grew up in Dendron, graduating from high school took Eldon on as chief of the classification section of its there in 1930. His father died of pneumonia in 1927 when personnel division. When we got into the war six months Eldon was 14, leaving his mother, the former Lilian Noyes, later the Navy wasn't of a mind to let him go to satisfy his just well-enough off to care for a daughter (since deceased), draft board's 1A appetite. For three years he remained a Eldon, and Eldon's older brother, Joseph Noyes James. Later Navy civilian employee. Finally, with the help of his "skip- the Depression virtually wiped out her small estate, but by per," Lt. Cmdr Carl Haglund, Director of Personnel of the then the children were grown. Bureau of Ships, he was commissioned a lieut. (jg) in the Dendron High School was too small to support a football Navy in the spring of 1944. He had hoped to accompany team (there were just six girls and two boys in Eldon's grad- Haglund on a new tour of duty, following training at Ft. uating class), but Eldon played baseball and basketball, and Schuyler, N.Y. But the Navy Research Laboratory at Ana- took part in dramatics and debates, and he won a public costia, Md., needed an administrator to help set up an elec- speaking contest in his senior year. tronics task force for servicing the new electronics material In 1930 he went to William and Mary College at Williams- sent to the fleet, and requisitioned James to set up its personnel burg, Va., majored in economics and business administration structure. and took 20 hours of pre-law work, graduating with a B.S. Finally, when that job was done, and after a mix-up of degree in 1934. Hard times struck while he was in college, orders that sent him by mistake to Portsmouth. Va., James but an NYA (National Youth Administration) job at $20 a rejoined Cmdr Haglund at the Portsmouth, N.H., Navy Yard, month, plus waiting on tables in a campus dining hall and in where he remained until he was transferred back to the Bureau a boarding house in Williamsburg, helped see him through. of Ships after the war ended. The Navy released him as a sen- He served as a campus guide, then grubbed stumps on the site ior grade lieutenant in May 1946, and immediately took him of what is now the sunken gardens at William and Mary. (Continued on page 48)

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 AI.DEN STEVENS (Readers may find this series of value on future motor trips or of interest to students of American history. We suggest you clip and save each as it appears.)

By ALDEN STEVENS Field Director, Mobil Travel Guide

you want to see one of the old IFAmerican communities founded by a religious sect that is carrying on almost as it did two centuries ago, visit Old Salem, N.C. Old Salem is the original Salem of the thriving tobacco-processing city of Winston-Salem. Salem was founded by Moravians in 1766. Back in

1913 it joined with Winston, which had been founded in 1849. Old Salem, just a few blocks from the center of Winston- Salem, has remained a Moravian com-

munity, and in 1966 it will celebrate its 200th anniversary with a year-long series of commemorative events. The simple, beautiful houses of Old Salem are for the most part just as they were when built. Main Street, Old Salem, today looks much as it did in 1766, when it was founded. OLD SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA

Several years ago Old Salem, Inc., was In the Single Brother's House in Old houses can be purchased at lower rates.

formed to make needed repairs and to Salem (where men lived until they were Winston-Salem is about 1 50 miles east bolster the beauty and traditions of the married) there was running water in of Asheville, N.C, and about 200 miles Moravian culture. But in no sense has 1778 and you can still see what is per- east of Great Smoky Mountains National Old Salem been "restored," or "recon- haps the very first steam table on which Park. It is a tobacco center (a tour of

structed." It is a living, 200-year-old soup and other foods were kept hot. the Reynolds tobacco plant is available) community, continuous with the larger There is an original Tannenberg organ in the midst of industrial North Carolina. city of Winston-Salem. Many of the made in 1797 and hundreds of other in- Lakes are nearby and offer boating, dwellings are occupied by descendants of swimming and fishing. the original settlers, and much of the 1965 Motel and Restaurant Info. original way of life continues. Many of Excellent—Downtowner Motor Hotel. 144 the tools used by gunsmiths, shoemakers, Cherry St., N. W. 99 A/C rooms, pool. Restau- rant. (919) PA 3-8861. Excellent—Holiday Inn. carpenters, potters and other artisans still 127 S. Cherry St. 106 A/C rooms, pool. Restau- are employed today by Moravian crafts- rant, taproom. (919) 725-8561. Excellent- Sheraton Motor Inn. Knollwood St., 2y2 miles men trained in the old skills. west on US 158 near Knollwood St. exit from The original settlers were an offshoot Interstate 40. 122 A/C rooms, large pool. Restaurant. (919) 724-7454. Very good—Town of the Moravians who settled in Bethle- Steak House. 300 S. Stratford Rd. at Thruway Shopping Center. Open 11 a.m.-ll p.m., closed hem, Pa., in 1740. They sent a group to Christmas. French and American cooking, explore North Carolina, where they wine, beer. (919) PA 4-4107. (There is a very good snack bar at Old Salem and many other started farming in 1759 and settled fine motels ar« in the area. See Mobil Travel Guide to the Middle Atlantic States.) Salem seven years later. genious old devices. In the Salem Tavern

The Pennsylvania Moravians, in turn, there is a room where George Washing- Your visit to any historic area is en-

trace their unity and ways back to John ton spent three days, and in the tavern riched if you read about it first. Few Huss, a Bohemian Roman Catholic barn is a farm museum with many old books have been written about Old priest (1374-1415) who disagreed with implements of great interest. The recep- Salem, but Old Salem, Inc., Drawer F, some church tenets. A forerunner of tion center also has a small museum. Salem Station, Winston-Salem, N.C, Martin Luther and the Protestant Refor- Old Salem is open daily from 9:30 will send you material. A. L. Fries "The mation, Huss was burned at the stake in a.m.-4:30 p.m.; Sunday 1:30-4:30 p.m. Road to Salem" is of interest. Consult 1415 for heresy, and out of his martyr- Adult tour tickets are $2; student tickets a good encyclopedia and ask your dom the Moravian Church was founded. are 60^. Admission to some individual librarian for further references.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 17 —

A New Form of Home

By JACK PEARL The first settlers in the United States stock in a corporation which owns and built their own houses or cabins. With manages a multi-unit dwelling, thereby "T"TTT"e just bought an apart- rare exceptions private homes were ex- entitling the purchaser to lease an apart- \/\/ ment '" tne young commuter clusively the American way of living ment in the building. In a real sense it is f f said to his seat companion. until the turn of the 20th century, when not "ownership" at all, for it is the cor- The older man arched his eyebrows. apartment living came into vogue. The poration which truly owns the dwelling. "You mean you just rented an apart- next step up the ladder was the co- The corporation negotiates a blanket ment," he corrected with some amuse- operative apartment building. mortgage on the entire building, and ment. "Co-op" ownership means buying stipulates a fixed sum for down payment The young man was even more and ensuing payments, and the purchaser amused. "No, we just bought an apart- is obliged to comply with this or with ment, or at least put a down payment any other decision handed down by the on it. It's in that new condominium going Board of Directors of the corporation. up on 64th Street on the east side of He cannot even sell his lease to another Manhattan." buyer without the approval of the Board. "Condominium?" the older man said Still, to many, cooperative housing in bewilderment. "Whatever on earth is represented the ultimate in advanced and a condominium?" sophisticated housing, a semblance of

A good question, a question that is ownership without maintenance being asked with increasing frequency drudgery. of late in every state of the Union. Then in 1960, a group of Puerto What is a condominium? Ricans broke "the housing barrier" in the "It's a wonderful dream!" is the United States when they petitioned blithely enthusiastic reply of Joseph Congress to make it possible to obtain Hamilton, a retired oil company execu- individual mortgages in a multi-unit tive who resides in the Carriage Lane dwelling. After much discussion and de- condominium project in Salt Lake Val- lay, such a provision was included as ley, Utah. Section 234 of the National Housing Act of 1961. Carriage Lane is the product of the imagination and talent of Melvin H. Since then, every state has adopted a Jensen, a Salt Lake City builder and one condominium law. As opposed to the of the pioneers of the condominium cooperative apartment, the tenant can concept in the United States. confidently call his apartment "home"

Every time Joe Hamilton stands be- in a condominium. He owns it. He nego- fore his picture window and gazes across tiates his own mortgage with the bank the professionally landscaped, profes- Florida's tallest building will be this or finance company of his choosing. He sionally maintained lawns and gardens General Builders Corp. 40-story condo- pays individual real estate taxes, and he minium going up in Fort Lauderdale's which separate the low, modern build- enjoys the same tax advantages of a Point of America development jutting ings of the Carriage Lane development, into the sea at Port Everglades Inlet. Six homeowner. he says: "I . . . feel wonderful I've always apartments on each floor each will be There are differences, of course, be- owned the I've privately owned. Harold M. Liebman As- homes lived in before, tween owning space high in the sky sociates, N.Y., designed the 27.5 mil- and I had to break my back to keep the lion dollar project. overlooking Chicago's Loop, for in- grounds looking presentable. A good ( Turn to next page ) portion of my free time was spent sweat- ing over a lawn mower or a rake or a snow shovel. Here, I still own the house SOME ASPECTS OF "CONDOMINIUM" I live in—I think of it as a house—but A NEW FORM OF HOME OWNERSHIP IN AMERICA: without any maintenance problems. Car- 1. An apartment dweller in a condominium 4. A retailer on the street level of a large riage Lane is well kept and maintained owns his apartment, but not the rest of the building may be able to own his store, though by skilled professionals, and all I have building. not the rest of the building, and avoid rents to do is to sit back and enjoy going fast as his business improves. my 2. He pays his own taxes, gets his own up as property." mortgage (and thus deducts his tax pay- To an ever increasing number of men ments and mortgage interest from his in-

and women in the nation, as to Joe come tax). 5. These and other "condominium" features Hamilton, a condominium represents the 3. He may own an apartment 16 stories are new in the United States for occupants

most desirable kind of housing yet in the air, but no land under it. of a building also occupied by others. devised.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 ARCHIE LIEBERMAN

Ownership in America

"Condominium" means you can own part of a building. To the

people who are moving into condominiums it means other things, too.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 19 co nt i n u e d A NEW FORM OF HOME OWNERSHIP IN AMERICA

****

Condominium apartment buildings can range in size from garden apartments to high-risers, such as the one in New York City (opposite page). Above, is Carriage Lane, a Salt Lake Valley, Utah, project, where owners pay between $28 and $34 a month maintenance costs.

stance, and holding title to a ranch ownership of part of a building without didn't believe that condominium could house on a plot of land in the suburbs. the responsibilities associated with home be half as good as the salesman made it

In a multi-unit condominium, each ten- ownership that explains, more than any out to be. But I checked into it on a lark. ant contributes a small pro-rated sum other factor, the rush of condominium The more I checked, the better it each month toward maintenance of the buying that is sweeping certain sections sounded. And now that I've finally taken

"common areas" such as the central of the nation. This enthusiasm exists the plunge, I find it's even better than heating system, stairs, elevators, halls, even among those who were formerly what they said it was." electrical wiring, the external facade of skeptical of the "newness" of the concept Mrs. Andrews concurs enthusiasti- the building, the roof and for land- and the fact that it was "untried." cally. "It's the ideal way of life. We have scaping. To the harried homeowner, "I'm an astute shopper and practical," home ownership without the work and burdened physically, mentally and psy- says Leonard Andrews, who owns a con- headaches. More important, from the chologically by maintenance problems dominium apartment on East 75th Street investment point of view, we have high- 12 months out of the year, condominium in Chicago, overlooking Lake Michigan. bracket living at middle-bracket costs." living can spell "Utopia." "I'm not a guy to throw my money away The Andrews' condominium apart- It is because condominium offers total on featherbrained schemes. Frankly, I ment boasts a breathtaking view of Lake

Loma Riviera Town Houses condominium in San Diego, Calif. To some, condominiums represent the ideal kind of housing. 20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 BLACK STAR—WERNER WOLF

Patio of one home in Carriage Lane condominium. Unlike co- ops, condominium purchases can include your own mortgage.

Michigan, and like the expensive lake-front apartment houses tenanted by the rich and elite, it has its own private luxury beach. It would be unrealistic to claim that everyone is as enthusiastic about the future of condominium as Mr. and Mrs. Andrews. It would be understandable if William S. Everett, vice president of Browne and Storch, a leading real estate and management firm in Chicago, were unreserved in his enthusiasm for condominium. His firm does a booming business in a geographical area where condominiums have been highly successful. Over 60 condominium projects are

built or are- being built in Chicago. Yet Everett is no more than cautiously optimistic about how fast the public will go for condominiums. (Turn to page 39)

The St. Tropez, New York City's 35-story condominium, contains 301 Bonnymede, a California beach-front condominium. units. Common costs here are estimated to run from $35 to $104 a month. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 21 WASHINGTON PRO & CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON BUILDING A NEW CANAL

SHOULD THE U.S. PROCEED NOW

Sen. Warren G. Magnuson (D-Wash.) mission has rendered its report and recommendations. Our nuclear scientists also must have their testing pioneer All of us know that a new completed and—if Operation Plowshare can construction with " all-weather, sea-level canal a way to use the atom in peaceful and within our Nuclear Test Ban is needed in Central America, safety, wisdom to show the world how much can be so why not build it now? Treaty—be ready with underground The once obstinate, formid- done swiftly and economically able barrier of the Isthmus no cratering. being carried longer poses a problem to our I can report that all of these steps are routes have been engineers. forward on schedule. Prospective samples are Either nuclear or conventional means will make checked. Mapping is being done. Core their composition and short work of providing an Isthmian channel 250 feet being taken and checked as to excavation. deep and 1,000 feet wide to accommodate all ships problems posed in trying to effect agreement with peo- afloat for a crossing between either ocean in any Diplomats are sea-level canal bringing weather, day or night. ples who some day may have a Canal does Crumbling with the barrier of equatorial stone and business to their doorstep as our Panama Zone. dirt will be those twin plagues of tons and hours. I today in the Canal clear. Wherever the new canal is built, refer to the days and hours lost when large tanker One thing is cost will be only a vessels go around South America because they can't its operation and maintenance canal. For example, squeeze through the present canal. As for defense, fraction of that for the present are required today. Just 600 will be we must literally maintain two navies because we 14,000 employes sea-level canal without locks. can't afford to be caught short, and, of course, there is needed to man a also is clear. to ten years will tonnage lost since only smaller vessels can inch Another point Up once the rec- through our present antiquated Panama Canal. be required to construct the new canal is received and the project authorized. Those who built and opened it August 15, 1914, were ommendation lose time in getting the surveys bold. We can, and must, use our technology as they We cannot afford to and the necessary agree- used theirs. done, the project under way be met now and That means an intensification of diplomatic efforts ments reached so that our needs may to achieve long-term agreement with the nation in the future. the present canal would through which this new canal ultimately must pass. Those who masterminded less of us than this. It requires that engineers waste no time completing demand no the surveys authorized by the 1964 Magnuson Act creating the seven-man Presidential Commission, charged with determining its feasibility and fixing its site. The Congress must be ready to act when the Com-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel

on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him..,

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 —

BY SEN. WARREN G. MAGNUSON, WASH., AND REP. DANIEL J. FLOOD, PA.

WITH A NEW ISTHMIAN CANAL? NO Rep. Daniel J. Flood (D-Pa.) fense," would inevitably divert huge sums from vital 11th District defense programs and involve much greater fixed costs Lest current enthusiasm for than improvement of the existing canal. new canals, generated by 9. The drive for a so-called sea-level canal gains well-directed propaganda, serve strength from the manufacturers of heavy, earthmov- to divert attention from key ing machinery, dredging combines, contractors and a facts, the following are stated: limited group of engineers—civilian and military 1. The United States has a who would benefit from their own recommendations. fine canal now, but it is ap- 10. The propagandists for a new canal never answer proaching saturation. these questions: (a) Where, on either the Atlantic or 2. Experience has shown how to maintain, operate Pacific coasts of the Central American Isthmus, are and modernize it, without involving a new treaty with indispensable terminal anchorages comparable to Panama. those of Limon Bay and Panama Bay? (b) Would not 3. This modernization plan involves consolidating identical problems, similar to those at Panama, arise all Pacific locks, raising Miraflores Lake's water level at any location? (c) How can our country adequately to that of Gatun Lake and eliminating bottleneck maintain, operate, sanitate and protect any canal with locks at Pedro Miguel. less authority than that granted in the 1903 Treaty? 4. It has been recognized by U.S. maritime agencies, (d) Why do advocates for a sea-level canal in the Zone engineers, navigators, shipping interests and lawyers ignore the warnings of experienced engineers about as the best for the transit of vessels practicable of the danger of prolonged closure to traffic by massive achievement. Moreover, some $75 million have already slides and its vulnerability to nuclear attack on the been expended on enormous lock site excavations. high central mass? 5. The United States now has workable treaties for In determining future canal policy all key factors the Panama Canal. must be considered. This can be done only through 6. In addition to sovereignty over the Canal Zone, an independent, broadly-based, Interoceanic Canals the United States obtained title to all land and prop- Commission, as contemplated in H.R. 6963, H.R. 6126 erty in the Zone from individual owners—our most and H.R. 4871, introduced by Representatives William costly ($144 million) territorial acquisition. R. Anderson, Frank T. Bow and myself. 7. In January 1964, we had to defend U.S. sover- Only by the policy above outlined can the present eignty over the Canal Zone, the safety of the Canal canal at Panama, or any new canal built by our and the lives of our citizens from red-led Panamanian country, be saved from ultimate takeover by red mobs. power. 8. Expending vast sums on a so-called sea-level project in the Canal Zone, or elsewhere, on the fala- cious assumptions of "security" and "national de-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE. I have read in The American Legion Magazine IN MY OPINION THE U.S. SHOULD SHOULD NOT PROCEED NOW WITH for November the arguments in PRO & CON: A NEW ISTHMIAN CANAL. SIGNED Should The U.S. Proceed Now With A New ADDRESS Isthmian Canal? TOWN STATE..

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 23 The First 100

The Statue and the setting from the harbor approaches never fail to take the breath away.

CULVER PICTURES, INC. By TOM MAHONEY

Statue of Liberty is a tall lady of deep meaning Theand poignant memories, not only to soldiers of the 77th Division who wore her as a shoulder patch but to all veterans who shipped in and out of New York Harbor in all the wars since she began to lift her "lamp beside the golden door." Towering awesomely out of the morning mists, she has evoked all sorts of emotions in men crowding the decks of returning transports. "Lady," shouted a happy airman one day. "I am back. You can put down the lamp and take off your nightie!" But reverence rather than ribaldry was the rule, and tears were not uncommon among those who had suffered in prison camps and knew first hand the value of liberty and the agony of its loss. For example, three First Armored Division cor- porals, imprisoned at Fuerstenberg-on-Oder after being cap- tured at Faid Pass, stayed up all night in 1945 for a glimpse An old engraving shows immigrants of 1887 pointing out the of the Statue through a dawn fog. Statue of Liberty as they enter the U.S. on a sailing ship. "The German guard told us we would never see her again," remarked Stanley Zimney of Eldridge, North Da- "We had a pretty good idea he was a liar the day he said that."

kota. "This is the day we've been dreaming about for three But her power is equally great over civilians, including and a half years." Robert Quillen of Middlesboro, Ky., ship captains and other seasoned travelers. Among her ad- stated, "I can see just enough of her to make a liar of mirers have been Comdr. Harold A. Cunningham, master of that Kraut." Stanford Schultz of Evansville, Indiana, added, the old George Washington and the Leviathan, and Sir Ar-

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 Years of the Statue of Liberty

A century ago, at a dinner r

sculptor and a French professor propose

GUIDO ORGANSHI

thur Rostron, who, as captain of the Car- pathia, rescued the Titanic survivors. "That Lady intrigues me," Sir Arthur once said. "She's in a class by herself. Sailors have a real affection for her. She often reminds me of a mother—the mother of the universe—holding aloft her light to lead the lost world to her feet." Thirty-two displaced persons arriving in 1951 aboard the Greek liner Nea Hellas asked that the first American soil they set foot on be the island on which the Statue of Liberty stands. A tugboat took them there from the liner at Ho- boken and two young women, Ouriania Zaphiropoulo and Panaghiotis Karan- dreas, kissed the steps leading to the Gl's pack the decks of the S.S. Queen Mary to cheer The Lady of Liberty as they return from the war in Europe after VE Day in 1945. Photo taken June 20, 1945. Statue while a Greek priest prayed. Bits of drama like this have made her the in part to the New York World's Fair. versary of the idea of creating her as a most famous statue in the world and at- It was the first time the million mark had massive symbol of French-American tract an ever increasing number of vis- been passed in a single year. friendship in an early "people-to-people" itors to her. The National Park Service, This year marks the 80th anniversary project. New York Harbor's Liberty al- which now administers the Statue, last of the Statue of Liberty's arrival in pack- ready has outlived the Colossus of year counted 1,026,400 visitors, thanks ing crates, as well as the 100th anni- Rhodes, which though only a third as

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 25 French A crew, under sculptor Bartholdi's orders, at work on a plaster cast of Liberty. 1884, and the Statue looms over Paris streets, ready for shipping to America.

CONTINUED gestion of a provincial newspaper, Le Phare de la Loire, the French, with no The First IOO Years contribution more than 2^, bought a gold medal for Mrs. Lincoln. A journalist of the gave this to the American Minister in Paris and said, "Tell Mrs. Lincoln that in this little box is the heart of France." Statue of Liberty The inscription on the medal when trans- lated read: "Dedicated by French de- mocracy to Lincoln, twice-elected Presi- high was one of the wonders of the an- dent of the United States—honest Lin- cient world. An earthquake toppled that coln who abolished slavery, reestablished sun god figure into the Aegean Sea 56 the Union, and saved the Republic, with-

years after it was built. out veiling the statue of liberty." The Treasury has minted a medal in The idea of a statue as a monument to

honor of Liberty's centennial. It is being The sculptor of the Statue, French-American friendship developed sold to raise money to complete a great Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904). during a dinner that year at the home of $2,350,000 Museum of Immigration in Edouard Rene Lefebvre de Laboulaye

the pedestal and to fill it with exhibits plotter noted in his diary. "Blowing the at Glatigny, a village on the outskirts of depicting the achievements of immi- support structure of arm could topple or Versailles. Laboulaye had never visited grants. The medal is the work of Gilroy tear off a good part of statue." Thanks to the United States but was an ardent ad- Roberts and Frank Gasparro, the U.S. the undercover work of Raymond mirer of American freedom and govern- Mint artists who designed the Kennedy Woods, a New York Negro detective, the ment. As professor of law at the College

half dollar. Liberty and the New York scheme was foiled. One defendant of France, he lectured about it. His skyline are on one side. The other shows hanged himself in jail. A woman and whole family spoke English, he had her from a distance, with immigrants in three men are serving prison terms. translated books of Benjamin Franklin

the foreground and an inset portrait of This was not the first escaped and William Ellery Channing into Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, the French by the Statue of Liberty. For some years French, had written a political history of sculptor who created her. Banks and the it was doubtful if she would be built and, the United States and was leader of the National Shrines Board in New York are if she were, whether she would have a French Anti-Slavery Society. Among his selling the medal in silver at $10, and in place on which to stand. Even in recent dinner guests were descendants of La : bronze for $4. times she sometimes has been short of fayette, who had fought in the American The centennial also has been marked funds with which to keep herself beauti- Revolution, and Frederic Auguste Bar- by a fantastic plot to dynamite the Statue ful for the people from all over the world tholdi, a bearded sculptor from Alsace of Liberty, dreamed up by a radical pro- who visit her, winter and summer, every who was making a portrait bust of his Castro, pro-Red China group calling day of the year. host. itself the Black Liberation Front. Her story began in 1865 after Presi- Conversation turned on gratitude be- "Statue arm is most vulnerable," one dent Lincoln's assassination. At the sug- tween nations. France had helped Italy

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • f /EMBER 1965 a

1885, and the Statue has been landed in parts on Bedloe's Island. Here the face is being refinished.

to independence but had received scant thanks. La- boulaye insisted America was different, that there had been a fraternity of feeling in the fight for independence across the Atlantic and Americans honored Lafayette like their own heroes. "There you have the basis of American feeling for the French—an indestructible basis," said Laboulaye. "The feeling honors the Americans as well as us,

and if a monument should rise in the United States, as a memorial to their independence, I should think it only natural if it were built by united effort— common work of both our nations." Of the dozen present only Bartholdi wrote down the words. They fired his imagination and he re- solved to do something about them. But he had many commissions and years passed before he could do so. He made two trips to Egypt, the sec- ond for the opening of the Suez Canal, admired the Sphinx and the Great Pyramid and resolved to create a great monument himself. During the Franco-Prussian War, he laid aside his Viewing the harbor from the torch, after the Statue was dedicated, 1886. chisel to serve as a major in the Repub- lican army which continued the struggle but Elihu Washburne, the Ohioan who Bartholdi had seen a Frenchwoman, after Napoleon III and his forces sur- was the U.S. Minister, had been the only carrying a torch, shot as she climbed over

rendered. Bartholdi saw his native Alsace foreign envoy to remain in Paris during a barrier. Her falling torch set it afire. lost to Germany and the name of his the siege. Carrying a list of Americans He remembered Laboulaye's words: home town changed from Colmar to whom he had met and letters from La- "Liberty is the mother of a family that Kolmar. His thoughts returned to the boulaye to many others, Bartholdi sailed watches over the cradle of her children,

liberty monument project. for New York on June 8, 1871. that protects consciences . . . Liberty is

He talked about it again with Labou- During the voyage, he made and tore the sister of Justice and of Mercy, laye. They agreed that the 100th anni- up countless sketches of the proposed mother of Equality, Abundance and versary of America's Declaration of In- monument. Many artists had depicted Peace." dependence, then five years ahead, would liberty. Thomas Crawford's helmeted As he glimpsed tiny Bedloe's Island,

be an appropriate time for creating a woman holding a spear was atop the so called because it had once been owned token of liberty. French-American rela- U.S. Capitol. In France, Eugene Dela- by an Isaac Bedloo, at the entrance to tions were confused. Gen. Phil Sheridan, croix had painted an angry, bare- New York Harbor, Bartholdi realized the Civil War cavalry hero, had been breasted French beauty clambering over instantly that here was the ideal spot for an observer with the invading Germans, dead bodies and a barricade. As a boy. (Continued on page 44)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 27 the smaller gauges, for more hits choose a 12. The simple reason: it throws more pel- lets and so we have less chance of missing. 1% ROD &GUN if / All champ trap and skeet shooters use 12s ' H/HnmrJ I' >k Ms CLUB —bird shooters take notice!

IT'S NO TIME for rabbit hunting, even with a good rabbit hound, when there's Jet Propelled Bullets Coming sticky snow on the ground, says Bob Kuhl- man of Ruthton, Minn. If the snow sticks to your hand or glove, it will do the same would you like to go hunting with How .50 caliber in inches), is made of light- to a bunny's feet, insulating them so they a Rogers Buck gun? Fantastic aluminum, weighs about Vs as much leave very little scent, and since your hound as it may seem, this is as a Colt .45 weapon type almost Automatic but has greater depends upon foot-scent for tracking—you a reality. In fact, simple versions of it have punch and is entirely recoilless. Price of and he had better stay in bed. been announced by two manufacturers and first model will be $250. Collectors take will be on sale in 1966. The military has note. A FINE CHRISTMAS GIFT is the six-cell shown interest in both versions and this Dynalite searchlight and its recharging unit, may be considered an indication of their FOX with CALLING a gadget you blow the Dyna-Charger. Made of lightweight, un- potential. through to imitate the squeal of an injured breakable Marlex plastic, the waterproof, The first is a product of the Daisy Manu- rabbit has become a popular hunting sport floatable sportsman's light shoots a brilliant facturing Co., famous for its air . It is for summer. Such call a works best with a 92,000-candlepower beam almost a mile a that looks like an air gun but it has decoy. Shoot a rabbit, have a taxidermist away. It carries its own spare bulb inside a rifled .22-caliber barrel and uses unique mount it in a crouched position (about $10), and is guaranteed for a year. The Dyna- ammunition. The has no metallic add a slash of red paint on each side (to case. Instead, a new secret propellant, sim- resemble blood) and set it where the fox will ilar to is gun cotton, contained in the base see it. To add realism, twitch it by means of the itself. When the rifle's lever of a string running to your blind every is activated, a cartridge is inserted in the time you blow the call. chamber and the breech is sealed. Also, a piston is cocked against a coiled spring. FOR ACCURATE SLUG SHOOTING When the trigger is pulled, the piston is re- with a shotgun, rifle-type sights are neces- leased and compresses air in a small cylin- sary but their installation requires drilling der. This air, heated to a high and tapping the barrel, a job for a gunsmith. by compression, is directed through a jet Now there's a simpler way, with the "Slug- directly at the propellant in the base of the Sight" made by Benton Designs of 545 E. bullet and ignites it. William, Decatur, 111. It's a tube containing This combination of projectile and pro- an adjustable sighting combination, and it pellant into a single unit, although not a can be cemented to the barrel of any pump Dynalite and its battery re-charger. new idea, having been attempted in the or autoloader, adhering with a strength of "Volcanic" of the pre-Civil War 4000 lbs. When the gun is to be used for Charger recharges batteries to peak power period, is now possible because of the un- wingshooting, it can be removed with com- overnight right inside the searchlight. usual nature of the new propellant. It is mon solvent. Available from Bill Boatman & Co., Bain- more powerful than smokeless powder, is bridge, Ohio 45612 for $16.50. A postcard just as safe and stable, and its energy can or letter to him will also get you a fine 64- be varied chemically to produce varying IN WARM FALL WEATHER, deer hunt- ing is page catalog on his quality dog and hunting velocities. The new Daisy in a .22-caliber difficult but not impossible, claim the experts. supplies. Mention we told you. repeating rifle will sell for between $15 and The animals, already in their win- ter coats, $20. Larger calibers will be developed at a are too hot to move around much, future date. and you'll have to look for them where it's FOR THE SPORTSMAN'S WIFE: A new coolest The second new firearm is the Gyrojet —deep in the swamps. An alternative book explaining "wifely ways to understand Rocket hand gun, developed by MB Asso- at dawn or dusk is to watch the runways and live happily with an outdoors husband." cates of San Ramon, Calif. It uses authentic where they enter the swamp from the high- It offers aid and comfort to your wife if est side. she isn't the rugged outdoors type but wants to know what it's all about. There's also a DON'T THROW lighted cigarettes or section on how to prepare and cook game. matches from car windows; use the car's Author: Jean Vermes; publisher: Stack- ashtray. Even better than the ashtray, writes pole; price: $4.95. Title: "Enjoying Life As Sportsman's Wife." lames Thompson of Faith, N.C., is the tu- A bular body of an old magnetic flashlight.

When you drop butts into it they go out WHEN SNOW IS UNDERFOOT, you can quickly without smoldering, smothered by tell the weight of a deer in a herd by the

their own smoke. Mount it, with its re- depth of his tracks compared to the others. flector end removed, by its magnet upright And you can even tell whether or not he's The Gyrojet Rocket gun. on a metal portion of the dashboard. a buck with nice antlers, says M. Bartalini of Fort Bragg, Cal. If his tracks skirt low rocket ammunition. The propellant is sealed branches, he's worth following; he has a in the cartridge case which also contains ON OUTDOOR TRIPS, when R. Miller of Lansing, Mich., prepares instant nice rack and doesn't want to entangle it. the bullet. When the firearm is fired as in coffee If, however, he ducks under the branches, a conventional firearm, the gas from the for a cold weather pickup, it's complete coffee, forget him (or her). It's a cinch the critter burning propellant issues from jets in the even to tne cream and sugar. Before doesn't have much headgear to worry about. rear of the case, providing thrust as in a a trip he mixes a half-full jar of powdered true rocket. The propellant burns for 1/1 0th coffee with sugar and powdered cream, then If you have a helpful idea for this feature of a second in flight after leaving the muz- packs it into his gear. send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you zle, at which time the projectile is traveling $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- at 1,250 ft. per second. The jets are also is best for WHICH SHOTGUN GAUGE turn, or enter into correspondence concern- slanted, giving the projectile a stabilizing bird shooting—the 20, 16 or 12? A recent ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, spin as it speeds toward the target. The consensus of top shooters shows that re- The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth initial hand gun is in 13-mm. caliber (about gardless of our sentimental attachment to Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. 28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N /EMBER 1965 , A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU NOVEMBER 1965

VETS OF WAR & PEACE GET MORTGAGE a veteran 5-3/4% in carrying BREAK IN NEW FHA HOME LOAN ACT: charges, of which 5-1/4% is in- Public Law 89-117, recently signed terest and 1/2% covers cost of into law and known as the Housing government insurance. and Urban Development Act of 1965, The American Legion, at its will have broad meaning for veterans National Convention in Portland of all wars and peacetime veterans in August, called for amendment of seeking to purchase homes with the act because it specifically minimum down payments. excludes WW2 and Korean War vets Under certain provisions, honor- who have received GI loan benefits ably discharged war veterans of from benefiting under the new law . . . 90 days or more service, who have The Legion resolution claims there not received home loan benefits is no limitation as to the number of under the Veterans Administration home loans eligible veterans may loan programs, may now purchase obtain under the FHA veteran insured homes with low (or no) down pay- loan provisions, but that the new ments through the Federal Housing law discriminates against WW2 and Administration Home Loan Insurance Korean War vets, placing peacetime Program ... A home could be pur- veterans in a more favorable po- chased with an initial layout of as sition than wartime veterans.

little as $200 . . . Peacetime There are over 12 million WW2 veterans (who never were eligible and Korean War veterans who never for GI home loan benefits) may also exercised their VA-backed, GI home be helped. loan eligibility benefits. It would work something like There are over three million post- this: A veteran (or his agent) seek- Korean War ex-servicemen and over ing an FHA-backed mortgage would two million servicemen in uniform contact the VA for a certificate today who are not eligible for attesting to his status as a vet- VA home loan benefits who may now eran eligible to receive benefits come under this new program. under the new law ... He must not The VA's GI home loan program for have received home loan benefits wartime veterans is still active, under a VA home loan. with about 180,000 home loans made

The FHA would then determine the annually . . . Some WW2 veterans veteran's ability to purchase under will be eligible for such loans the laws regulated by that agency. until July, 1967, and some Korean FHA's mortgage insurance would War veterans will qualify until cover 100% of $15,000 of the January, 1975. appraised value of a property; 90% The VA reports that it guaranteed of value in excess of $15,000 up or insured more than 6.7 million to $20,000; and 85% of value in ex- home loans totaling $62 billion cess of $20,000 up to the maximum since 1944 . . . About three million of $30,000 . . . Actual loan would of these loans have been repaid be made from a private lender (bank, in full and there are about 3.5 savings & loan society, etc.), million still outstanding with a not from FHA. face value of more than $30

A veteran purchasing a home priced billion . . . Less than 3% of GI at $15,000 or less (and FHA ap- home loans have been defaulted. praised at that figure) would need

no down payment . . . though he SOCIAL SECURITY INCREASE WILL RESULT would have to put up $200 to assure IN NET LOSS TO MANY PENSIONED VETERANS:

coverage of closing costs . . . In September, "Newsletter" reported Where closing costs are less than that new Social Security increases $200, the balance could be applied would cause many veterans who receive to real estate taxes, hazard in- VA pensions to end up with a net loss surance, and the FHA mortgage in- of income ... To give examples, we surance premium—all of which cited specimen cases adapted from a are necessary usual expenses. usually reliable source ... It The FHA-backed mortgage would cost turned out that the source was not

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 , ) ' ,

CONTINUED VETERANS NEWSLETTER reliable in this instance, and the a month, for a net loss of $24.20 per specific examples given were incor- month . . . This "benefit" reduces rect . . . This led some readers, who his total income from $2,232 a year detected the error in the cases to $1,941.60. cited, to believe that the entire The original estimate of the num- story was in error . . . Far from it ber of VA pensioners who would suffer . . . The VA will reduce or elimi- loss was about 29,000—but reviews of nate entirely, a veteran's (or wid- actual VA files have indicated that ow's) pension when his other income it could be more —perhaps 50,000. rises above one of several graduated Most affected VA pensioners got the steps ... In each case where a vet- reduction in their October VA checks, eran's or widow's Social Security in- though the VA, in trying to apply the crease moves his non-VA income across reduction on its own, may have missed one of the graduated steps he will some ... If the VA misses them, suffer a penalty in reduced total in- the pensioners who do not report c ome as a "reward" for the Social their Social Security increase on Security increase . . . The exact their own volition may be required to calculation of cases is a bit compli- refund an overpayment of VA pension cated by the fact that 10% of the dating back to Oct. 1 at the end of

Social Security received is not the year . . . The Social Security counted as income that would reduce increase is retroactive to last Jan-

VA pension. . . . Here, however, are uary . . . Should a VA pensioner neg- some correct examples: lect to report his Social Security A pensioned veteran with a depend- increase in his annual report of in-

ent , whose sole non-VA pension income come to the VA next January he could is $92 a month Social Security will be held liable for an overpayment of now get $98.50 Social Security, an pension covering all of 1965.

increase of $6.50 . . . This will cause his VA pension to be cut back BILL INCREASING COMPENSATION FOR from $105 a month to $80 a month, a WAR DISABILITIES PASSES HOUSE:

loss of $25 a month . . . That's a On Sept. 7, the House of Represent- net loss of $18.50 a month after his atives, by a vote of 347-0, passed additional Social Security is cred- HR168, and sent it to the Senate ited to him, and an annual net loss where it was referred to the Senate

of $222 a year . . . Since his total Finance Committee . . . The bill income before this "benefit" is only would provide increases in monthly $2,916 a year (VA pension and Social compensation payments to veterans Security) the loss of $222 for such a with service-connected disabilities. disabled man with a dependent will Here are the present monthly pay- cause him serious financial hardship ment rates and those that would go

. . . (In all cases, a veteran with a into effect if the bill becomes law: VA pension is disabled and substan- Disability Present Proposed tially unable to support himself. % rate rate A loss of $252 a year may be in- 10 20 21 curred by a pensioned veteran without $ $ 20 38 40 dependents whose sole income was So- 30 58 60 cial Security and VA pension total- 40 77 82 ing before receipt of "help" $1,560 50 107 113 from Social Security . . . Such is 60 128 136 the case where Social Security is $55 70 149 161 a month and there's no other non-VA 80 170 186 income . . . Social Security now 90 191 209 rises by $4 to $59 a month, whereupon 100 250 300 VA pension drops from $100 a month to $75 a month, for a net loss of $21 a The bill also would: (a) increase month, or $252 a year. the allowance for dependents (of vet-

A pensioned veteran without depend- erans who are disabled 50% or more) ; ents whose sole non-VA income is $111 (b) permit the dependents allowance a month in Social Security benefits to continue for a child up to age 23, will suffer a net loss of $290.40 a if attending school (otherwise age 18

year ... In this case he will get is the cutoff) ; (c) increase the in- $7.80 more Social Security a month, come limits that restrict compensa- which will cause his VA pension to be tion payment to dependent parents of chopped back from $75 a month to $43 war-killed veterans.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS NOVEMBER 1965

An over-supply of clothing has already Legion Disaster Fund to Aid been moved into the area. No more cloth- ing is needed and there is no storage space for any more to be sent. So—please Southern Hurricane Victims do not send shipments of clothing." The contributions will enable veterans' Official American Legion Disaster Relief Fund cre- families to commence repairs on houses ated; Nat'l Hq set to receive and disburse finan- and replace essential furniture and ap- pliances. Donations from Legionnaires cial gifts; grants will aid the distressed to rebuild. and posts will be collected at the depart- ment level and forwarded promptly to Legion has Legion must bear its share of this load The national American National Headquarters. created a special disaster relief fund to and look to the welfare of fellow Legion- Records will be kept and all funds will provide financial assistance to the vic- naires, veterans and their families who be transmitted immediately to the areas tims of September's Hurricane Betsy in have suffered from the havoc wreaked in need. All disbursements from The Louisiana. by Hurricane Betsy. American Legion Disaster Relief Fund Louisiana has Known as The American Legion Dis- "The Department of or- will be made by the national American aster Relief Fund, it will accept contri- ganized American Legion Louisiana The Legion and all grants will be made to butions at National Headquarters in In- Disaster Relief Fund. It is already op- Legionnaires, veterans, and their fam- dianapolis. These funds will be trans- erating under the supervision of the ilies. mitted to Legion department agencies Louisiana Department Executive Com- (Contributions should be made pay- local mittee to be administered by Legion au- and has scheduled a series of post able to The American Legion Disaster thorities in the form of grants to Legion- officers' meetings. Louisiana The Depart- Relief Fund and sent to The American naires, veterans, and their families in ment, through its own resources, expects Legion, P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, the stricken areas. to raise between $15,000 and $20,000 Ind. 46206.) The Department of Louisiana imme- with which it will commence relief op- The storm had hardly ended when erations. diately set up The American Legion Nat'l Cmdr James wired a request to Louisiana Disaster Relief Fund to accept "Because of the magnitude of the dis- Nat'l Vice Cmdr Dr. A. R. Choppin of and disburse contributions received on aster the Louisiana American Legion Baton Rouge, La., to represent him, con- its own or through the national fund. must look for help from its fellow depart- duct a survey of the disaster situation, Even before the hurricane damage ments. I, therefore, call upon all Depart- and report "as to what The American was fully assessed, it became obvious that ment Commanders, Department Adju- Legion can do." a great deal of outside help would be tants, and National Executive Commit- With flood waters still standing four needed. On Sept. 22, National Com- teemen to move immediately to make feet deep in many places, Nat'l Vice mander L. Eldon James issued an urgent this critical situation known to American Cmdr Choppin, Louisiana Department appeal to Legionnaires to provide finan- Legion posts and to Legionnaires Commander Merrick W. Swords, Jr., cial help for their fellow veterans. throughout the United States. Contribu- and other local Legion leaders met with Said Cmdr James: "The American tions of money are desperately needed. New Orleans Mayor Victor H. Schiro,

Hurricane Betsy's 150-mph winds felled trees and buildings and insurable, water damage is not. It was hoped the Legion's dis- her accompanying floods left thousands homeless. One inun- aster fund would help many to rebuild homes. Photo right shows dated area covered 300 square blocks. While wind damage is debris-strewn French Quarter near Andrew Jackson Square. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 31 NEWS members of his staff, and officials and their families were caught in the path of jutant Ralph Johnson reported the storm- Civil Defense directors of surrounding the huge tropical storm. caused death of Harvey-Seeds Post 29 communities to initiate a cooperative While Hurricane Betsy was raging Vice Cmdr Owen K. Bender, who was program of aid and rehabilitation for dis- through Louisiana, many posts opened a captain in the Florida Highway Patrol aster victims. It has been estimated that their doors to shelter the victims. Some Auxiliary in charge of Dade County. property damage exceeds $1 billion, the post homes were themselves unlucky. Bender, on duty in the high winds and most ever by any hurricane. Nat'l Vice Cmdr Choppin reported that heavy rain, was killed on a causeway by Similiar meetings between Legion, one post in Galliano and one in Grand a taxi blown out of control. state, and community officials took place Isle were destroyed and that three in New Many Mississippi Legion posts oper- throughout the disaster areas and Le- Orleans and one each in Lockport and ated as storm shelters and later contrib- gion-community committees immediate- Golden Meadow were damaged. uted to the relief of the homeless storm ly set up screening teams to assess the Hurricane Betsy was born in the Car- victims. extent of damage and the needs of the ribean, wandered erratically across lower Both Florida and Mississippi Depart- distressed. Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, through ments of the Legion, though hurricane-

In Louisiana alone, it was estimated hardest-hit Louisiana, and then abated struck themselves, announced they were 10,000 Legionnaires (about one-fourth going through Mississippi. raising money for the Louisiana Disas- of Louisiana's Legion membership) and In Florida, Legion Department Ad- ter Relief Fund.

Hampton, Va., Gives Nat'l Cmdr Rousing "Homecoming" His home city of Hampton, Va., ten- dered American Legion National Com- mander L. Eldon James a mammoth "homecoming" on Saturday, Oct. 2, to celebrate his election to head The Amer- ican Legion for 1965-66 at Portland, Ore., last August. Local officials estimated that nearly 40,000 people witnessed or took part in a two hour parade in the morning. They came not only from Hampton and near- by Newport News, Portsmouth, Norfolk, Virginia Beach and Chesapeake, but from all over the state, and were joined by a host of Legionnaires from as far away as Alaska and Puerto Rico. The City of Hampton tendered a luncheon to Commander James' well-wishers that packed the capacious officers club din- Young and old in Hampton, Va., joined in parade honoring Nat'l Cmdr James. ing hall at Langley AFB, and the celebra- tion was climaxed by a dinner at the Hotel Chamberlin at Fort Monroe. There, John H. Macy, Jr., Chairman of the U.S. Civil Service Commission and Special Assistant to President John- son, eulogized Commander James. He brought the Commander the thanks of the President for the Legion's support of the Administration in some of its most difficult problems—ranging from its pol- icies in Vietnam to the school drop-out The Hotel Chamberlin, on the grounds of old Fort Monroe overlooking Hampton problem. Roads and the Navy's big operating base at Norfolk, housed visitors.

Scene at "Homecoming" dinner as U.S. Civil Service Commission Chairman John H. Macy, Jr., eulogized Commander James. 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 .

1966 Nat'l Membership Plan National Commander L. Eldon James, in one of his first official acts, inaugu- rated the 1966 American Legion mem- bership program at the post-convention meeting of the Nat'l Executive Commit- tee immediately following adjournment of the 47th National Convention at Port- land, Ore. Called "DOUBLE SIX," the 1966 membership plan is timed to coincide with six natural target dates. Based upon its previous record, each department has been assigned its own membership at- tainment figure and a point system has been established for each target date. The commanders of departments that accumulate 66 points by the next na- tional convention are scheduled to be seated at a special honor table at the National Commander's Dinner for Dis- tinguished Guests at the 1966 National Convention in Washington, D.C., Aug.

26-Sept. 1. The first target date was Oct. 4. It co- incided with the annual National Confer- American Legion Nat'l Cmdr L. Eldon James pins diamond-studded Legion pin on Presi- ence of Department Commanders and dent Lyndon Johnson during his first official call to the White House in September. Adjutants at Nat'l Hq in Indianapolis. He also gave the President the official list of resolutions passed at the 47th Nat'l This is the traditional time for the newly Convention. Mr. Johnson is a life member of Memorial Highway Post 352, Blanco, Tex. elected department commanders to make their membership pledges for the coming year. National membership goal for this Eye Safety Legislation the National Committee on Films for date was 383,839 members paid in ad- Safety. To date, The American Legion's Child vance for 1966. Departments that Welfare Program has been instrumental A professional color production, it is reached their qualifying membership available through The American Legion, in 1 6 states in securing legislation requir- figures at that time received special Nat'l Film Section, P. O. Box ing the use of eye safety devices by stu- Hq 1055, "Early Bird" citations at the close of the Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. dents in certain types of classes. Three conference. other states have issued decrees covering Veterans Day, Nov. 1 1 is the second the intent of the law. target date. Departments will be asked Free To Bowlers These facts were listed in the recently to process and send to Nat'l Hq by Nov. The R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., is released annual report of The National 18, an advance enrollment for 1966 of offering a free 40-page bowling guide Society for the Prevention of Blindness, 1,268,505. entitled "How To Be A Naturally Good which praises the Legion's efforts. Other target dates for the membership Bowler" with each carton of Salem ciga- year are: Jan. 10 (year-end turn-ins); The 16 states having passed laws: rettes purchased during October and No- Ark.; Calif.; Fla.; 111.; Iowa; Mar. 31 (American Legion Birthday Ala.; Conn.; vember. The booklet is attached to the Roundup); May 3 (when positions will Md.; Mass.; N.J.; N.Y.; Ohio; Pa.; S.C.; carton. Tex.; and Utah. be determined for the 1966 National Main emphasis of the booklet is on Convention Parade); and Aug. 1 (when The three states with decrees on the "picking up spares" in order to bowl National Convention delegate strength is use of eye safety devices: N.H.; La.; and well even without many strikes. determined) Oregon. Said Nat'l Cmdr James: "The 1966 An estimated 150,000 children and American Education program gives us six dates when we can young adults suffer eye damage annually Week check to determine how the membership through accidents. Over 60 per cent of The week of Nov. 7-13 will mark the program is progressing in relationship to the nation's children reside in states now 45th annual observance of American Ed- the normal turn-ins of each department. covered by law or regulation. Other ucation Week which is co-sponsored by If we fall behind anywhere, we should states are still at work on such laws. The American Legion, the National Edu- know about it in time to take remedial The Society also announced that its cation Association, the National Con- action." eye safety film "The Smartest Kid in gress of Parents and Teachers, and the Nat'l Membership Chmn Earl D. Town," financed by a $15,000 grant U.S. Office of Education. This year's Franklin, Jr., (Colo.) reported that 56,- from The American Legion Child Wel- theme will be "Invest in Learning." 024 advance memberships for 1966 had fare Foundation, won honors from the In 1921, the Legion and the NEA already been received at Nat'l Hq by American Film Festival conducted by combined to start the week in order to Aug. 26. This represented almost 15 per the Educational Film Library Assn. The call attention to the importance of educa- cent of the Oct. 4 target and was also film emphasizes eye safety measures to tion in a democracy and to remind 13,689 more advance memberships than protect children doing shop or labora- Americans that good schools are a per- bad been received on the same date in tory work in high schools. During 1964 sonal responsibility. Further objectives 1964. the film also won an award of merit from are to better acquaint parents and citi- THE AMERICi LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 33 .

NEWS

zens with the achievements, aims, and Strategy, The American Bar Association, needs of their schools, with emphasis and The American Legion, to mention being given to dividends resulting from just three, have changed the whole cli- an investment in learning. mate of opinion in America on the ques- Thirty million people visited schools tion of teaching about communism in during last year's observance. The visits the public schools . . . and it has changed were sparked the by efforts of combined that climate within the last two years." local committees of Legion posts and The IAS survey indicated that the other organizations. guidelines publication with the widest ac- The Legion views its participation as ceptance among educators is "Guidelines a vital phase of positive Americanism for Teaching About Communism in the programs which are so necessary to the Junior and Senior high schools," issued training of American youth. by a joint committee of The American Once again. Veterans Day will fall Legion and the Nat'l Education Associa- during the observance and Legion posts tion. can plan programs to promote large pub- Post Americanism chairmen can se- lic visitations to school open houses. cure copies of the "State-by-State Sur- vey" from The Institute for American Mrs. Ruth Bell Egan, Department "Need A Lift?" Commander of the Delaware Ameri- Strategy, 300 W. Lake St., Chicago, 111. can Legion, 1965-66. 60606. Copies are $1 each, postpaid. More than one billion dollars is availa- ble in the form of scholarships, loans, and A busy woman, Cmdr Egan has be- part-time jobs, to assist students during longed to the Legion since her discharge Legion Press Awards the next school year. from the Women's Army Corps as a cor- The Virginia Legionnaire, a news- That's the estimate of The American poral in 1945. She's been an elementary paper published by the Dep't of Virginia, Legion's Education and Scholarship Pro- school teacher for 35 years and still has won the American Legion Press As- gram and all of the information is listed found time to climb the Legion ladder, sociation (ALPA) award as the best all- in the 15th edition of "Need A Lift?", having served as post adjutant, post com- around department publication for 1965. the program's handbook, which has just mander, district commander, and first The Toledo (Ohio) American Legion become available. vice commander before getting the top Press, of Lucas Co., took the county Considered one the leading publica- departmental job. paper award. The Hollywood Legion- tions in the field, "Need Lift?" A con- naire, of Post 43, Los Angeles, Calif., tains information about hundreds of col- was the prize-winning post paper. lege and vocational school scholarships Legion Recognized Top honors in the race for the Wally for qualified high school students. It was Recognition of the American Legion's Plaque (Legion publications of posts compiled by the Legion's Education and efforts in combatting communism comes with less than 2,000 members) went to: Scholarship Program with the coopera- with the publication of the latest edi- 1. The Gibraltar Journal, Post 326, New- tion of 192 national organizations inter- tion of the booklet, "State-by-State Sur- ark, N.J.; 2. Sound Off, Post 129, Toms ested in assisting students in the selec- vey of Teaching About Communism in River, N.J.; 3. Highland Post News, Post tion of their careers and with resources the Secondary Schoo'j," published by 201, Louisville, Ky. to further their education. the Institute for American Strategy. In The competition for the Jack R. C. Legion posts can get five copies of a foreword, Adm. Arthur W. Radford, Cann Plaque (best Legion papers pro- "Need A Lift?" for placement in libra- retired former chief of staff, says, "It duced by mimeograph or other duplicat-

ries and classrooms for $ 1 .00 (prepaid) is my belief that the work of organiza- ing process) found The Legion Log, Post Quantities of 100 or more are available tions like the Institute for American 868, Lower Burrell, Pa., the winner. Sec- at 15 cents each (prepaid) from: The ond was Gold Star Dust, Post 474, Mil- American Legion, Dept. S., P. O. Box waukee, Wis., and third, The 416 News 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. Reel, Post 416, Houston, Tex. ALPA annually presents the Wm. E. Woman Heads Delaware Legion Rominger Memorial Award for the best original editorial The first woman to be elected com- appearing in a Legion mander of a department of The Ameri- publication. The results: 1. The Egyptian can Legion in the continental United Legionnaire, Carmi, 111., for April 1965 States is Mrs. Ruth Bell Egan, Depart- editorial, "A Letter to the President," by ment Commander for 1965-66 of the Editor Robert L. Summar. 2. The Dela- Delaware American Legion, from Laur- ware Legionnaire (department paper) ence Roberts Post 21, Wilmington, Del. for May 1965 editorial, "We Stand at the Crossroads," by Editor Park W. However, Cmdr Egan is not the first Huntington. 3. Scuttlebut, Post 87, Rice woman ever to be elected commander Lake, Wis., for June 1964 editorial, "The of any department of the Legion. That Barron County Plan," by Editor Phil I. honor went to the late Julia Wheelock The Staten Island Ferry, "American Berg. of the Department of Italy. She served Legion," built and launched about a year from Nov. 1927 to Jan. 1931. ago in Texas, is now at work in New York Mrs. Egan is the widow of the late Harbor's Upper Bay where she transports BRIEFLY NOTED Thomas B. Egan, who was department passengers across the five-mile distance Legionnaire Charles V. Hajko, of Post from the island of Manhattan to Staten adjutant of Delaware for five years and 318, Worcester, Mass., 21 years after Island. The vessel is capable of carrying its service officer for 19 years. about 3,500 passengers and 50 cars. (News continued on page 36) 34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N /EMBER 1965 NEWS

Post 413, Grand Blanc, Mich., gave the city an aluminum cruciform, designed as a Veterans Memorial. Spearheading proj- ect was 1965 V-Cmdr W. R. Peltier. The Memorial was "investigated" by the American Civil Liberties Union, as a pos- sible "violation of First Amendment's clause on separation of church and state."

Home from a trip to New York's World's Fair, including General Motors Futurama (see photo), and appearances at the Oklahoma Pavilion, is the Kiltie Band from Tinker AFB, Oklahoma City, sponsored by American Legion Post 35, Oklahoma City.

vanguard of youngsters are on their-> A 600 | way to the annual Fishing Derby put on by Post 154, Thompsonville, Conn., a project which helped win the 1965 Dep't Child Welfare trophy for the post. A parade precedes the Derby. Prizes are given for best fishing outfit, first fish caught, largest fish for boys and girls.

When a schoolgirl wrote an essay: "Pa- triotism, So What?" Howard A. Miller, Post 16, Cincinnati, a Legion county cmdr, set up one-man speaker's bureau (his own money, time) to tell the story of 28 American flags and their meaning.

Post 810, Philadelphia, won the Dep't of Pennsylvania Child Welfare Trophy for 1965. L-R: 1965 Dep't Cmdr Monroe R. Sgt. Joyce Alfred Kilmer, WW1 poet killed in action, was honored with plaque erected Bethman; James J. Blair, Post Child Wel- in J. Kilmer Park, West Roxbury, Mass., by J. Kilmer Post 316, Boston. L-R: J. L. fare Chrmn; Jerry MacAinsh, Post Cmdr; Mayer, Past Suffolk Cmdr; R. Artick, Post Cmdr; Dr. C. F. Maraldi, Past Dep't Surgeon, C. A. Gephart, 1965 Fifth District Cmdr. Past Post Cmdr; Harold Widett, Park President; Dr. F. J. Gillis, First Post Cmdr. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 35 NEWS

ported $40,000, plus $8,000 in educa- Post, N.H., was the oldest living alumnus tional fees and other fringe benefits, says of the West Point Military Academy. The Sporting News. Fila hurled 21 inn- ings of shutout ball during the double Roy F. Farrand, of Delafield, Wis., Past elimination playoffs at Aberdeen, S.D., Dep't Cmdr (1930-31) and alternate and had a 12-5 season record. Nat'l Executive Committeeman in 1932- 34. An awards dinner was held recently in honor of 24 Legionnaires and 24 Auxil- Casey M. Jones, of Washington, D.C., a iares who are volunteer workers at both founder of The American Legion and a the VA Neuropsychiatric Hospital in former consultant to the Veterans Affairs Northampton, Mass., and the VA Committee of Congress (1947-1955). GM&S Hospital, Albany, N.Y. Spon- sored by Legion District #1, the Pitts- Rev. Frank Peer Beal, of Brooklyn. field, Mass., area, these workers make N.Y., Chaplain of Post 209, New York, hospital visits every other Friday evening since 1930 and Legionnaire Hajko gets his WW2 DFC. Chaplain of the 1st Di- and give a ward party for the patients. vision in France in WW1. qualifying for a Distinguished Flying Other projects are: Carnival Night, ward Cross, has gotten it. Former Tech Sgt. picnics, gifts for the Auxiliary Gift Shop, Clyde R. Dickey, of Portland, Ore., Past Hajko, a WW2 Army Air Corps bomber etc. Dep't Cmdr (1950-51). crew member (radio operator-gunner), now a drop-forger, assumed when he PEOPLE IN THE NEWS NEW POSTS left the service that he, along with other Clarence S. Campbell, vice chairman of The American Legion has recently members of his bomber group, had been the Legion's Nat'l Economic Commis- chartered the following new posts: Bear credited with the DFC for flying the re- sion, elected president of the Vermont Valley Post 84, Bear Valley, Colo.; quired number of combat missions. Bankers Association. Forty-Niners Post 49, Albuquerque, N. An inquiry to Air Force Hq to estab- Mex.; Chavez & Vallo Post 116, Aco- lish eligibility for a Massachusetts real John A. Matthews Dies mita, N. Mex.; Moorpark Post 502. estate exemption given to DFC holders John A. Matthews, of Baltimore, Md., Moorpark, Calif.; Dublin Post 99, Dub- failed to show a record of the award. An member of the Legion's Nat'l Executive lin, Calif.; Sheldon Post 552, Sheldon. investigation showed his entitlement, and Committee (1964-65), died September Texas; Spokane Valley Post 169, Spo- the award followed. Hajko participated 22. He was 51. He was Maryland's Dep't kane, Wash.; Sulphur Springs Post 89. in more than 60 bombing missions over Commander in 1959-60. At the time of Sulphur Springs, Fla.; Avinger Post 559, German held territory as a B-26 crew his death Legionnaire Matthews was Ex- Avinger, Texas; Glenn Miller Memorial member. ecutive vice president of Maryland De- Post 98, Philadelphia, Pa.; Boiling Spring In the photo above, Maj. Gen. John liveries, Inc., Administrative vice presi- Lakes Post 268, Boiling Spring Lakes. W. O'Neill, Cmdr, USAF Systems Com- N.C.; Utah State University Post 12, mand's Electronics System Div., con- Logan, Utah; Ira Cochran Post 82, Elli- gratulates Hajko after presenting the jay, Ga.; and Hawkinsville Post DFC. 560. Hawkinsville, Ga.

Ken Fila, 18-year-old southpaw pitcher POSTS IN ACTION for the runner-up Omaha Post 1, Nebr., Post 93, Port Chester, N.Y., has begun nine in the 1965 American Legion Base- a community project designed to show ball World Series, and Legion Player of the citizens of both Port Chester and Rye the Year for 1965, has signed a contract that the post "supports o.ur servicemen with the San Francisco Giants for a re- fighting the spread of communism in the far-off land of Vietnam. We as Ameri- cans can and will show these boys that American Legion Life Insurance Month ending August 31, 1965 at least one town back home cares." Project Remember will raise funds for Benefits paid Jan. 1-August 31, 1965 448,049 Benefits paid since Apr. 1958 2,814,199 cigars, cigarettes, candy, etc., to give Basic units in force (number) 124,266 these men a necessary boost in morale. New applications since Jan. 1 8,541 New applications rejected 1,233 In sending publicity to local and New American Legion Life Insurance is an official program of The American Legion, adopted by John A. Matthews York City papers Post 93 quoted two the Nat'l Executive Committee, 1958. It is Marines who had protested to newsmen reducing term insurance, issued on application, dent of Seaboard Warehousing Co., and subject to approval based on health and em- in Vietnam that they felt they were fight- ployment statement to paid up members of Administrative vice president of Oriole The American Legion. Death benefits range ing a good cause, and couldn't under- Chemical Carriers Corp. is survived from 8,000 (double unit up to age 35) in re- He stand demonstrations by college students ducing steps with age to termination of in- by his widow, Mrs. Margaret Matthews, surance at end of year in which 70th birthday and others against the efforts of the occurs. Available in single and double units at and by his mother, Mrs. Elsie Matthews. United States to drive the communists flat rate of $12 or $24 a year on a calendar Other recent deaths have been: year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 out of South Vietnam. or $2 a month for insurance approved after Jan. 1. Underwritten by two commercial life Harry Maurice Johnson, of Anaconda, insurance companies. American Legion insur- Post 34 and Unit Lancaster, Pa., sent ance trust fund managed by trustee operating Mont., Legion Past Nat'l Vice Cmdr 34, under laws of Missouri. No other insurance may (1937-38). toys to Vietnamese children in the Me- use the full words "American Legion." Ad- ministered by The American Legion Insurance kong Delta. Contributions came from Department, P.O. 111. Box 5609, Chicago, 60680, Melvin Rowell, U.S.A., Retired. Legion- individuals, toy distributors and manu- to which write for more details. naire Rowell, member of Northwood facturers, and retail stores. Many small

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 — NEWS children brought in toys. The toys were Winner of the first annual Arthur E. Iowa Legion News: Post 14 has pre- sent to S/Sgt. Lester W. Hagelgans, of Bouton Legion golf tournament was Post sented the Swea City library with a 16- Rothsville, Pa., an Army medic, who 770, of Trumansburg, N.Y., the host. volume set of the military history of suggested the idea in a letter to relatives From left to right in the photo below are WW2. Kossuth Co. Legion has pledged in Lancaster. Several hundred items, in Post 770's Chuck Parish, Ed Tracy, $500 for the 60-unit Good Samaritan 35 cartons, were trucked to New York Home being built at Algona. A total of without charge by Branch Motor Ex- 283 cars and 10 trucks were checked press Co. (See two photos below.) through the fifth annual Eldora Legion safety check sponsored by Post 182. The Legionnaires were aided by local service station and garage attendants. Elgin Post 352 co-operated with the Highway Safety Commission in holding a free, voluntary safety check lane one day.

Marengo Post 76 contributed its swim- ming pool for use by the Red Cross in giving children swimming lessons. About 400 children were taught in a ten-week period. Dyersville Post 137 gave $200 to the town fund for highway signs ex- tolling the city. Cascade Post 528 has, appropriately enough, donated sufficient Legion golfers of Post 770, New York land to the city for the building of a Camel Chantra and Joe Biviano. Other municipal swimming pool. posts taking part in the tourney, played at Hillendale Golf Club, Trumansburg, Post Wellington, Kans., N.Y., were Post 710, Moravia; Post 462, 90, gave $100 the Wellington Interlaken; and Post 442, Horseheads, to H.S. Band to help pay expenses of a trip to City, Colo., all of New York. Canon Toys for children in Vietnam (upper photo) to participate in the Cherry Blossom were rounded up by Post 34, Lancaster, Festival. Pa. Paul F. Swope, Sr., foreground, Post Finance Officer, and Oliver Baublitz, Sr., COMRADES IN DISTRESS Past Cmdr, arrange them for packing in these comrades are Post 300, Gillett, Wis., gave to a 35 cartons (below) by Legion volunteers. Readers who can help $1,000 urged to do so. fund for a new rescue squad truck for Notices are run at the request of The Ameri- can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission. the town. They are not accepted from other sources. Readers wanting Legion help with claims should contact their local service officers. Florida (District posts have Service officers unable to locate needed Two 7) made witnesses for claims development should refer gifts to the new American Legion Chil- the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis- sion through normal channels, for further dren's Hospital to be built in St. search before referral to this column. Petersburg. Winter Haven Post 8 has Deming, N. Mex., 1945, POW Camp—Need in- established a continuing endowment formation from men who knew Harold Mills, guard, whose claim asserts he was hos- fund, with the initial amount of $2,100. pitalized, treated, and X-rayed for ulcers at base hospital. Write: Harold W. Mills, 2408 Lakeland Post 4 has given $1,000. 9th St. S.W., Canton, Ohio 44710. 4th Arm'd Div, 51st Arm'd Inf Bn, Co A, Trains Co, July 1944 Need names and addresses Hq — Post 1833, Brooklyn, N.Y., held its an- of men who knew of hospitalization of Nor- man J. Glisch in Field Hospital of 46th nual Brooklyn Stickball Hitting cham- Medical Bn. Particularly need addresses of former Medical Major, Dr. Merickle, and pionship for youngsters and saw a new Captain McCleary. Write: Fred C. Heinle, record established when 14-year-old Dep't Service Officer, The American Legion, 342 N. Water St., Milwaukee, Wis. 53202. Charles Benvenuto hit a fly ball 360 feet. 89th Cav Recon Trp (att. to 89th Div), Rhine- land, Central Europe, WW2—Need informa- Object of the contest, says Post Cmdr Orville R. Green, Walter G. Gabler, tion from Pat Scognamilo, was to determine In the aftermath of the tornadoes that and G. R. Dilg, who served with Charles Deen. He was the operator of an M8 armored best stickball hitters in three struck the Fridley, Minn., area, Post 303 Brooklyn's car. On first day of combat he blacked out, members undertook the job of placing could not recall any details of next couple age groups: 8-9, 10-12, and 13-14. The of days, except that he remained in vehicle competitors three hits each, snow fences up around the open base- as part of crew. He was relieved as driver were allowed during this period. In after recurring ments, four-by-eight sheets 1956, with each one's longest hit recorded. and plywood blackouts, a neuro-surgeon found he had an over the doorways of the basements that intra-cranial aneurism. Corroborating in- Contest Chairman Bob Billeroel had formation is needed to allow Deen to estab- still had floors. This was to protect the lish a claim. Write: Charles E. Deen, 3442 the field striped every 10 feet. Post mem- youngsters of the area from falling into Hardy St., Shreveport, La. bers acted as judges. Twenty large "Save USS Olympia (March 1915) bound for Pro- the open spaces. All proceeds of the gresso, Yucatan, during hurricane off Cuba Water" signs were placed on the field, Need information from M. M. McCarthy and Prize" posters. labor went into the post treasury. Fireman Sellers of Savannah or Macon, Ga.; along with "Hit Sign, Win Blacksmith Harrison, Charleston, S.C.; Fire- One hundred and fifty boys hit the signs man 1st Class Sweeney, or any shipmate who Post 45, Medford, Mass., gave three remembers when Frank Lederer was thrown and won baseball bats, sneakers, bowling down the Fireroom ladder on way to mid- tickets. $500 scholarships and a $250 nursing night shift. Also need information from ship- games, and movie scholarship to Medford H.S. students, mates (in particular, Abe, Pharmacist's Mate) Fire Dep't Lt. Louis Guigliano deliv- on USS Brooklyn (June 1915-Oct. 1918) who and a $100 vocational scholarship to a recall Lederer having neck and back trouble. ered a safety talk on fire prevention. Write: Frank Lederer, 134 E. Isabella Ave., Weldon Voc. H.S. student. Muskegon, Mich. 49442. (Continued on page 38) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 37 :

NEWS

and Harry I. Jacobs (both 1965), Post 339, William S. Solomon (1965), Post 23, Milwau- Ventura, Calif. kee, Wis. Harry M. Boyd (1965), Post 422, Rialto, Calif. Elmer J. Johnson (1965), Post 53, Eau Claire, Tom Smith (1964) and Elwin Areman and Wis. Elmer Skoglund (both 1965), Post 521, Rio Linda, Calif. Life Memberships are accepted for publica- Ami A. Dorrance Post (1965), 751, Newberry, tion only on an official form, which we provide. Calif. Reports received only from Commander, Ad- Bertha I. Kreidl (1961) and Dr. Esther G. jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded Spangler (1964), Post 206. Aurora. Colo. the life membership. Cloyd H. Robinson (1964), Washing- Post 8, They may get form by sending ton, DC. stamped, self- addressed return envelope to: Edward C. Hutchinson and Clayton M. Nisbet The most successful American "L.M. Form, American Legion (both 1964), Post 8, Winter Haven, Fla. Magazine, 720 Legion membership workers will Robert W. Dettmer and George A. Ostergren 5th Ave., New York, N.Y." 10019. be identified by this Nat'l Cmdr's (both 1965), Post 222, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. On a corner of the return envelope write the number of names you wish to report. No cap ornament for 1966. The Louis J. Yeager (1965), Post 1, Guatemala, C.A. written letter necessary to get forms. cap pin will be awarded to those William P. Larsen (1965), Post 42, Evanston, Legionnaires who sign up 25 or 111. more new or renewal members Albert Baldus and William Glad (both 1965), OUTFIT REUNIONS Post 58, Belleville, 111. for 1966 by March 17. Robert Davidson and C. D. Hammond and Reunion will be held in month indicated. For particulars, write Richard L. Lindley and Frank N. Meehling (all person whose address is given. 1964), Post 90, Marshall, 111. William D. Sewall (1965), Post 10, Marion, Notices accepted on official form only. For The 200 spectators saw 432 boys com- Ind. form send stamped, addressed return envelope Alfred A. Blaser and Thurman W. Marsall to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, peting. Admitted to the Brooklyn Stick- (both 1965), Post 64, Indianapolis, Ind. 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices should be received ball Hall of Fame, in addition to Ben- Harvey Varner (1965), Post 94. Valparaiso, at least four months before Ind. scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary venuto, were Vincent Carresa, in the 8-9 Carl Groezinger and Alfred G. Smedsrud to get form. (both 1965), Post 62, Waukon, Iowa. Earliest submission favored when volume of group, with a swat of 230 feet, and Arthur R. Wendland (1964), Post 312, Hawk- requests is too great to print all. Thomas Meter and Victor Mirandona, eye, Iowa. Irvin A. Severson (1962), Post 462, Soldier, 10-12 group, both with 260 feet. Iowa. ARMY Jacob Adams (1965), Post 569, Stacyville, 7th Field Hosp (ETO WW2)— (Dec.) Frederick Iowa. C. Fippinger, 431 Central Ter., San Gabriel. Bacon R. Moore (1965), Post 52, Harrods- Calif. 91776 The Drill Squad and Color Guard of burg, Ky. 8th Div (WW1)— (Nov.) Henry M. Buckley, 510 Post 375, Atwater, Minn., and the color Antonio J. Parma (1964) and Virgil Iantosca Bryant St., San Francisco, Calif. 94107 (1965), Post 17, Brighton, Mass. 11th Eng (WW1)— (Nov.) Joseph V. Boyle, 326 bearers of the post and unit dedicated a Harry L. Carpenter and George N. Churchill York St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302 and John E. Fitzgerald and August M. Henzler 33rd Div (Calif.)— (Nov.) Leonard Bamish, P.O. flag and flagpole at the Kandiyohi (all 1965), Post 28, Northampton, Mass. Box 580, San Gabriel. Calif. 91778 County Park on Diamond Lake. The flag Stanley F. Conant and Arthur Crothers and 42nd Gen Hosp (WW2)— (June) Mrs. Grace Allan J. Hathaway (all 1965), Post 249, Little- Dick Gosnell, 3621 Kimble Rd., Baltimore, and flagpole were gifts of the post and ton, Mass. Md. 21218 Henry R. Troville (1965), Post 377, Somer- unit. The county erected the pole. 70th Arm'd Inf Bn, Co C (Camp Campbell, Ky.) ville, Mass. — (Feb.) Joseph A. LaMonaco, 31 E. Lincoln Harold J. Long (1965), Post 106. Grayling, Ave., Roselle Park, N.J. Mich. 77th Div— (Nov.) V/m. Knipe, 28 E. 39th St.. THE AMERICAN LEGION Charles Lavwers and Fred J. Sampson and New York 10016 Schook and Herbert E. Seidell (all NATIONAL HE ADQU \RTERS Walter R. 78th Arm'd Field Art'y Bn, Bat C— (June) Gene 1964) , Post 142, Capac, Mich. Kennedy, Drawer 8-A, Sta., AUGUST 31, 1965 Mountain View Fordon Niles (1964) and Charles Willard ASSETS Anchorage, Alaska 99504 (1965), Post 346. Farmington, Mich. 78th Div (WW2)— (June) Howard Ogden, 704 Cash on hand and on deposit $1,163,052.42 Isidore Gengler and Nick Haus and John Chandler St., Philadelphia, Pa. Receivable 264,256.3.1 Hemmer (all 1965), Post 191, Caledonia, Minn. 98th Sig Bn, Assigned 7th & 11th Corps, 2nd & Inventories 359,384.45 Ole Wehus (1964), Post 568. Felton, Minn. 6th Armies— (Jan.) Don Hines, 131 Light St.. Invested Funds 2,064,729.73 Joseph R. Matousek and Arthur G. Miller and Baltimore 2, Md. Trust Funds : Harry F. Miller and Frank Mohr (all 1964), 103rd Inf (WW1)— (May) Thos. W. O'Connor, Overseas Graves Decoration Post 86, Atkinson, Nebr. 28 Walker La., Bloomfield, Conn. Trust Fund 286,682.58 Carl C. Blanchard and William L. Card and 116th Field Sig Bn (WW1)— (Dec.) Wm. G. Employees Retirement Charles A. King (all 1965), Post 60, Farmington, Clark, 6210 E. Greenlake Way N„ Seattle, Trust Fund ..3,631,578.53 3,918,261.11 N.H. Wash. 98103 Real Estate 818,555.56 Thomas J. McLin and Joseph A. Pelletier 135th Reg't, Co K (Korea)— (Jan.) Norman O. Furniture & Fixtures, Less Depreciation 242,385.38 (both 1965), Post 69, Somersworth, N.H. Godden, Fairmont, Minn. Deferred Charges 91,321.80 Carmen Darago (1965), Post 25, New Bruns- 139th Inf, Co L (WW1)— (Nov.) Elmer M. Holt. S8.921.946.79 wick, N.J. 415 N. Washington, Wellington, Kans. Henry M. Fiedler and Arthur W. Hamilton 160th Inf, Co B (WW1)— (Feb.) Elmer F. Roden, LIABILITIES, DEFERRED REVENUE (both 1965), Post 70, Nutley, N.J. Brae Ct., Ontario. Calif. AND NET WORTH 342 W. Bonnie Samuel E. Jones (1965). Post 278, Stanhope, 208th Field Art'y Bn— (June) Joe Preusser. Current Liabilities 490,760.38 $ N.J. 8024 S. Tripp St., Chicago, 111. 60652 Funds Restricted as to use 23,944.49 Thurman Moore (1965), Post 20. Tucumcari, 304th Field Sig Bn—(May) J. P. Tyrrell, 6144 Deferred Income 1,258,818.42 N. Mex. McCallum St.. Philadelphia, Pa. 19144 Trust Funds Austin Coyne (1965), Post 26, Clark Mills, 413th Telegraph Bn (WW1)— (May) Samuel Overseas Graves Decoration N.Y. Grossman, 117 E. 47th St., Hialeah, Fla. Trust Fund 286,682.58 Charles L. Ryder and Earl T. Tinkelpaugh 448th AAA AW Bn— (June) Ike Kendall, Rich- Employees Retirement and Maynard K. Van Deusen and Austin valley, Ind. 46973 Trust Fund . .3,631.578.53 3,918,261.11 Warner (all 1964), Post 57, Cobleskill, N.Y. 630th Tank Dest Bn, Co C— (Nov.) Roland Net Worth : Windom W. Beacom and Edward Griffin (both Baucom, 2900 Shenandoah Ave., Charlotte 5, Reserve Fund 25,119.11 1965) , Post 181, Randolph, N.Y. N.C. Restricted Fund 428,635.62 Chester Rogers and William Weiner and Wil- 817th Tank Dest Bn— (June) Ted Warner, 280 Real Estate 818,555.56 liam F. Wilkinson and George Wolpert and Hastings St., Buffalo, N.Y. Reserve for Rehabilitation 528.607.84 Edward H. Zimmerman (all 1964), Post 272. Reserve for Child Welfare 129,813.02 Rockaway Beach, N.Y. NAVY Reserve lor Convention 60,000.00 Francis R. Varacalli (1965). Post 1033, El- 1.990.761.15 mont, N.Y. 20th Seabees— (Nov.) G. Lee Best, Stantons- Unrestricted Capital . .1,239,101.24 3,230.162.39 Ernest L. Avery and Junius Harris Rose (both burg, N.C. $8,921,946.79 1965), Post 39, Greenville, N.C. 45th Seabees— (June) Edward D. Kramer, Box Christie Walter Barke and Carl Herman Wen- 5111. Grosse Pointe Farms, Mich. 48236 berg (both 1965), Post 195, Donnvbrook, N. Dak. Tuscania Survivors— (Feb.) Werner E. Pfaen- Roth L. Berentz (1962), Post 336, Painesville. der, 7025 N. Delaware Ave., Portland 17. Oreg. LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Ohio USS Chicago (WW1)— (Apr.) John B. Lan- George Chesmar and Dr. Lawrence C. Lee caster, 331 Greenwood Ave., Jenkintown. Pa. The award of a life membership to a Legion- (both 1965), Post 28, Monessen, Pa. 19046 naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who Vito Dapollonia and Elmer J. Folk and USS Curtiss (Nov.) John J. Cummings. know him best that he has served The — Ameri- George J. Griffin and William R. Howell (all C.W.V., Rm. 4, Boro Hall Bldg., Brooklyn, can Legion well. 1965). Post 481. Midland. Pa. N.Y. Below are listed some of the previously un- James E. Hott (1964), Post 902. Houston, Pa. USS Oklahoma (BB 37)— (Apr.) Edward H. published life membership Post awards that Milledge Hartzog and Henry W. Jones and Lutz, 673 Lindley Rd., Glenside, Pa. 19038 have been reported to the editors. They are Lewis E. McCormack (all 1964). Post 91. Black- USS Randolph (CV 15)— (June) James P. Con- arranged by States or Departments. ville, S.C. ville. 124 Millwood Dr., Tonawanda, N.Y. Harry L. Heatwole (1964), Post 277, Dayton, Women Marines— (June) Jane L. Wallis, 701 Fred Crookshank and Harry O. Hubbell (both Va. Loyola Ave., New Orleans, La. 70113 1965). Post 20. Willcox, Ariz. Claus Larson and A. M. Novotny and William Ted Lavcson (1965). Post 44, Monrovia. Calif. G. Schlichting (all 1965), Post 63, Mount Ver- AIR Hyman R. Glasband and R. Cliff Goedike non. Wash. (both 1961). Post 319. Los Angeles. Calif. Frank E. Ruehl (1965). Post 1, Milwaukee, 351st Aero Sqdn (WW1)— (June) Simon Ellef- William Bailey (1964) and Donald W. Foote Wis. son, Lancaster, Minn. 56735 38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 A NEW KIND OF HOUSING IN AMERICA the financial risk of the cooperative (Continued from page 21) apartment tenant. There are, to be sure, "We dealt with cooperatives exten- point. In fact, they reinforce each other. confirmed co-op owners who belittle the sively before condominium came along," Still a third factor in the trend to "go argument that the condominium is he says, "and a lot of people feel the condominium" instead of "going co-op" a better financial risk than the co-op. They point that co-op is still the best and the safest kind is the natural apprehension which every out the "blanket" mortgage of the coopera- of housing. . . . This condominium is prospective buyer of a cooperative may tive corporation, dealing as a exciting and it makes a lot of sense. But, experience about his "unknown" next- corpora- tion and having a corporation's solvency, as with anything else that is new and un- door neighbor—namely, the solvency of can gain a better mortgage tried, it's going to be a slow process said neighbor. Both condominium and rate from the banks. It acclimatizing the buying public to the cooperative housing join tenants in two can also bargain and nego- tiate more effectively idea. People don't like to buy a pig in a mutual relationships. The first relation- with contractors when initiating repairs and poke, and, let's face it, that's what you ship pertains to joint responsibility for improve- ments on the building. Maintenance or- have to buy in condominium. . . . Do you the common areas. The cost of maintain- ganizations and other business know that some people even look upon ing these areas and their equipment is people, quite condominium as a form of socialism, shared by each member of the coopera- logically, will quote more favorable rates to a corporate structure where everybody has to pull together for tive as it is shared by each member of than they will quote to a loose "tenants' the common good of the group? Kind of the condominium. In both enterprises, if commit- tee" without a dictatorship of the proletariat. It's any tenant "welches" on his share of the any centralized liability, or to individual tenants. going to take time to dispel the myths common costs or is unable to meet his "Realizing that there are disadvan- and educate the buying public. . . . There's another problem in Chicago, and tages at this early stage of condominium other big cities where you have an excess development is not only realistic, but of conventional apartments for rent. healthy," William Everett believes. People tend to follow the path of least One of the most heated debates about resistance. They'll rent before they get the condominium theory is on its place in involved in the 'unknown realm' of con- slum clearance and urban renewal. Its dominium. But as the population ex- backers in this realm maintain that it is pands and the housing shortage becomes a fact of life that private property own- more critical, people will try condo- ers take better care of their land and minium if for no other reason than it's dwellings than they would if they were the last alternative open to them. And tenants renting the same property. Con- they're going to be happy as clams when dominium, they insist, will provide pri- they discover how great it really is." vate ownership—and pride—for the All over the United States, the leaders thousands of low-income residents in real estate, law and investment fields jammed together in large cities where are working diligently to hasten the day land is at a premium. Those who cannot of public acceptance and understanding afford to build out in the suburbs will of condominium living. "build up," in the psychological sense as well as the physical sense. The tax advantages of owning a con- Real estate expert William Horvath is dominium unit is one of the big guns Hem* the spokesman for the opposition. Writ- with which its pushers can blast the op- ing in the Catholic Worker in September position. Until 1961, when Section 234 1964, he spelled out his dissent: 'Stop looking for snipers—We're hunting, was passed, property ownership and the remember?" "A new tenant will have to pay what- accompanying tax advantages were pri- ever the market demands. In a rising marily restricted to homeowners market, the large down payment de- in the THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE suburbs. The exceptions were a few manded of [condominium] buyers will wealthy individuals who could afford to payment, the remaining members must tend to eliminate all but the richest. If it own a town house within the city limits. equally assume his share of the mainte- took, say, $ 1 ,000 to buy into such hous- The average wage earner who wanted nance charges. ing, later it may take three times as to ." live in the city, close to his job, could Now, it is the second relationship that much. . . only rent. Apartment renters cannot de- makes condominium as different from The point he is making is that, as a duct any part of their rent from their cooperative housing as day is different private homeowner, the condominium income tax as part of their local taxes on from night. In cooperative housing the seller is free to negotiate the sale on the the dwelling or as mortgage interest. The common costs include real estate taxes best terms he can obtain. Therefore, a condominium owner, who pays his local and mortgage charges on the whole housing development which originally taxes and mortgage directly, instead of dwelling, which the members of the offers modestly-priced condominiums to through a landlord, can deduct both. "corporation" must share equally. Under low-income tenants may quickly find its The space he occupies, five, ten or 15 this arrangement, if one or more tenants purpose defeated by inflation, particu- stories above ground level, is every bit do not or cannot meet their share of the larly if it is situated in a choice location. as much "his property" as is the 100-by- taxes or mortgage charges, the remain- The original tenants, for whose needs 40-foot land plot titled to the ranch- ing members are obliged to assume these the project was intended, may be dis- home owner in the suburbs of New obligations, above, beyond and far more placed by their own hunger for profits. York, Chicago, Salt Lake City, Miami or substantial than the maintenance costs. In the end the speculators may profit, San Francisco. The condominium owner, on the other and the original tenants could be worse Housing experts are unanimous in the hand, is responsible only for his taxes off than before in the long haul. opinion that the scarcity of land in urban and mortgage payments, and his alone, "The rich like the idea," Horvath areas rates almost alongside the tax ad- just like any other homeowner. Ob- continues, "for it allows them great tax vantages of condominium as a selling viously, his financial risk is far less than (Continued on page 40)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 39 :

A NEW KIND OF HOUSING IN AMERICA lacks precedents of court decisions in (Continued from page 39) many areas of possible litigation. Some obvious illustrations are the advantages and something to sink their his prospective buyer. Under a fairly questions that prospective condominium surplus capital into." common condominium arrangement, buyers ask of banks, real estate brokers The condominium owner can hardly when a tenant wants to sell he submits and lawyers be unhappy at the prospect of being able to the managing board the name and Is the owner of an apartment on the to sell his apartment in a rising market. address of the prospective buyer together top floor responsible for a leak in the He probably couldn't care less if his type with the amount of the sale. The board roof? of housing should turn out to be un- then has 30 days either to equal or better Is the owner of a ground-floor apart- suited to guaranteed low-cost housing. the amount with a tenant of its own ment exclusively responsible for the Although most of them will deny it, choice. Otherwise the sale is consum- maintenance of his exterior walls? "After tenants and prospective tenants of both mated. all," reasons Don Bain, a public relations cooperatives and condominiums have Four years have passed since the Na- man who has a deposit down on an strong, positive feelings about the power tional Housing Act of 1961 inaugurated apartment in the new New York condo- to "restrict" or "approve" new buyers in condominium housing. But in New York minium, "my walls have the strain of their projects. State, where housing is a major problem supporting all those apartments above Mrs. W. K., the wife of an airline and the condominium concept would me. Why should I be saddled with their pilot who owns an apartment in a Chi- seem to offer a golden panacea, it was sole maintenance? My lawyer isn't too cago condominium, was frank about her not until 1964 that the State Legislature clear about it though. You see, I own sentiments. "Sure, we like the idea of cleared the way for condominiums for that section of the building wall!" approving the people who may be our both builders and buyers. The first con- Another moot point is the question neighbors for life. Don't kid me. Every- dominium on New York's Manhattan of absentee ownership. If it is allowed, body would like it that way. And this Island was completed this past February will condominiums be monopolized by isn't a question of prejudice. Black, 1965, an apartment building containing big investors? white, Irish, Italian, German, Chinese, 301 units on 35 floors. it wouldn't make any difference to us so "Condominium is new," says econo- many existing condominium proj- long as they were decent people. Listen, mist Walter J. Carter. "The fact that In ects, individuals or corporations have I'm a friendly person, so I expect to be- every state has solid statutes on the books purchased multiple units in the building come good friends with any girl who governing the building and buying of for the purpose of renting them at a net moves next door to me. Naturally, I'd condominium apartments does not mean 10% return on their investment! This prefer it if the two of us had something that all the legal complications are auto- is true in Salt Lake City, in Hawaii, in in common, and if her husband and mine matically eliminated. Written law is not New York's sole condominium, and in could be friends. Is that so unfair? I'll enough. Interpretation of the law is para- Houston, Tex. Some builders claim the tell you, everybody in this building feels mount, and until the written laws have practice is illegal and speak vaguely exactly the same way, only they won't been tested, those who purchase condo- about "making a test case," but so far admit it for publication. . . . That's one minium units may fall into unseen pit- the majority of builders and finance or- reason why condominium has it all over falls. It's one thing to pass a law. Quite ganizations have displayed no more than buying a house. In a housing develop- another thing to make it stand up in passive resistance to the practice. Some ." ment. Jack the Ripper can buy the place court under fire. . . tven encourage it to make quick sales in next to you, and you can't do a thing The laws which regulate the buying their projects. about it." of private homes, the renting of apart- There are those who think that the The method of restricting membership ments and the purchase of stock in a return of the small landlord might be a in a condominium is less offensive than cooperative development are firmly good thing. Condominiums permit small the blatant method employed in the established on the basis of thousands of investors to own and rent out a few co-op. In the co-op, when a member of court decisions — legal precedents apartments in a total building far beyond the building wants to sell his apartment, handed down from every state in the their means. They also permit groups of the corporation decides by vote of the Union. small landlords to finance all or part of management board whether to accept Condominium, this early in the game. such buildings. However, many builders and real estate management firms regulate against the practice of absentee ownership in their contracts. They try to inspire con- fidence in condominium by drawing up impressive iron-clad agreements that spell out and resolve every conceivable legal complication that a prospective buyer can think of. William Everett of Browne and Storch relates how his firm concentrates on spe- cifics designed to eliminate legal snatus: "We have in our agreements with our buyers a section that defines which areas actually belong to the owner of a unit. There has always been a question of who

owns and is responsible for the inside walls of an apartment. Our contracts stipulate that the owner owns the space

between the inside walls. That is, his property runs from wall to wall, but does "

not include the hidden areas where wir- As Joseph Holzka, of Staten Island, ing and piping are installed. These hid- N.Y., past President of the National den areas are the responsibility of the Savings and Loan League and a member If the management, with all the owners in the of the American Legion's National Eco- building sharing maintenance costs. We nomic Commission expresses it: autumn-day aroma ". spell everything out. It's the only way, . . It's in the American character to the right way, to protect condominium like to own your own home. But that owners at this stage of the game." doesn't say it has to be on a forty by of Field & Stream In time, when legal precedents have one-hundred-foot lot. It might just as been established, such "manuscript" well be on the eleventh floor of an apart- doesn't perk you up, agreements may be unnecessary. ment house. The cooperative tends to The Carriage Lane project in Salt move in that direction, but in a coopera- Lake City operafes on a similar theory. tive, the owners are jointly and severally When asked about any unusual problems liable for the debts of the whole project. he has encountered since buying his new Condominiums provide relief from suf- Carriage Lane apartment, Mr. Vinal fering for the sins of others. They should Casper snorted: "Well sure there are make private ownership of apartments problems in this kind of housing—there increasingly popular in the days ahead." are problems in every kind of housing There is almost no class of home buyer for that matter—but I wouldn't say any who cannot benefit by condominium really of them were unusual or that they were housing. Very few veterans have been you need the product of 'condominium' housing intrigued by cooperative apartments for exclusively. In fact, everything is so spe- the simple reason that the "blanket" cor- a vacation. cific in the Carriage Lane agreements poration mortgage does not allow them that legal problems would be hard to to use their G. I. Bill mortgage advan- invent, actually. My lawyer read my con- tages. In condominium, veterans nego- tract thoroughly before I bought, and he tiate for their individual mortgages, and New open-air cut said it the that can include a I. was one of most compre- G. mortgage. oB ACCO hensive agreements he had ever read." A widow with a lump sum of cash Of course, there are vital issues relat- from her late husband's estate can find ing to condominium housing that cannot enormous advantages in condominium be solved as readily for the buyer by the living. It is the policy of co-op corpo- contractor. Taxation is a key issue. rations to rely on maximum mortgages, Curtis J. Berger, Professor of Law at so the widow cannot pay cash for a co- Columbia Univ., defined one of the pit- operative apartment. But in condo- falls a condominium buyer should watch minium she can invest all of her surplus out for with regard to taxes: cash in an apartment just as she can in "The unit owner of a condominium a suburban home; have all the financial will have to watch carefully his property advantages of a private home, rent free tax obligation, lest this exceed the taxes for life; and not be burdened with the A product of Philip Morris Inc. allocable for an equivalent cooperative homeowner's disadvantages—c u 1 1 i n g apartment. In theory, the total assessed grass, shoveling snow, building mainte- value of 100 condominium units should nance. be identical to the assessed value of the In general, maintenance and common- project's carbon image in cooperative area costs are more reasonable in a con- form. Furthermore, the New York law dominium than in a cooperative. In the mandates identical valuation." Mel Jensen condominium in Salt Lake City, the owners pay between $28 and The Equitable Life Assurance So- $34 a month, depending on the square ciety, which pioneered condominium footage of their units. If a family bought development in Puerto Rico and Hawaii, its apartment for cash, that, plus taxes, attributes the near lack of condominiums is it. Otherwise, additional monthly pay- PITTSBURGH" CHICAGO* BOSTON • DALLAS • ATLANTA • LOS ANGELES in New York to the failure of housing ment depends on the mortgage the fam- professions properly to inform and edu- ily was able to get. In New York City, at Shrinks Hemorrhoids cate the public in New York about the St. Tropez condominium on East condominium. (At a recent PTA meet- 64th Street, common costs (not taxes New Way Without Surgery ing on Long Island, this reporter asked and mortgage) will run between $35 and for a show of hands by people who could $104 a month. In this building the own- Stops Itch -Relieves Pain define a "condominium." Out of 45 men ers are given voting shares based on the For the first time science has found a and women of average or better than square footage each one owns. The big- new healing substance with the astonishing average education, only seven raised ger the apartment, the more voting ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve pain — without surgery. their hands. And most of them thought shares one owns and, naturally, the In case after case, while gently relieving pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) it was the same thing as a "coopera- higher common-area expenses. In the took place. Most amazing of all — results were so tive.") average Chicago condominium, the thorough that sufferers made astonishing- Condominium is nevertheless making maintenance costs run from $40 to $50 statements like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! slow progress in the U.S. housing mar- a month on a one-bedroom apartment. The secret is a new healing substance ket. More and more people, representing The fixed amount within this spread is (Bio-Dyne®) — discovery of a world-famous research institute. a wide cross section of America, are determined by the floor which on the This substance is now available in sup- evincing interest in its advantages to apartment is situated. The higher you go, pository or ointment form under the name them as individuals. Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug (Continued on page 42) counters. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 41 A NEW KIND OF HOUSING IN AMERICA One of his condominium undertak- (Continued from page 41) ings, the Treasure Mountain Inn, is unique in that when a person buys a unit the higher the fees. Two bedroom units mistic about the future, but he advises in the condominium, he gives the man- in Chicago average from $53 to $70 a prospective condominium buyers: "It's agement company the right to use his month. All together, these figures are all very new. . . . We have to learn to apartment as a hotel room when he's representative of the mean monthly costs crawl before we can walk, and that away. When he returns, he shares in the nationally. means all of us. Buyer, builder, banker. proceeds from weary travelers who spent Business and professional people, as . . . Right now we have to play it by ear." the night in his apartment. well as homemakers, have caught the Edward Schiff, general counsel to the "I had a feeling condominium would profitable scent of the condominium. newly-formed Condominium Council, be what I wanted," says one of the apart- Doctors, dentists and lawyers can now housed in New York, while acknowledg- ment owners, a retired businessman who own their offices instead of renting them. ing that condominium is new and vir- travels for pleasure four or five months Some condominium contractors already tually untried, recommends the bold out of the year. "But I never knew it are including commercial units in their approach to home buyers. would be this good. Those checks I get projects. It is conceivable that someday "It's our view [the Council's] that the when I get back from a trip come in an entire self-sufficient community may condominium statutes throughout the mighty handy." be closeted in a single condominium United States have gone far in codifying project. and standardizing the legal aspects of Plainly, Salt Lake City has outgrown stage. It's not only walk- The advantages to the small business- this regime and have eliminated many, the "crawling" ing, it's running! man are equally manifest. Any store- if not all, of the complexities of this type keeper knows that as his business of home-ownership. These laws will A young commuter who is waiting increases his rent goes up commensu- serve to reduce substantially the usual anxiously to move into his Manhattan rately. He is "working for the landlord." inconveniences in dealing with any new condominium on 64th Street has this Short of buying the whole building, there concept. We feel that within a very short advice for neophytes like himself in the has been no recourse except to grin and period of time, condominium housing great American game of homemaking: pay. Now condominium permits him to will be a household word signifying its "It's the kind of setup my wife and I own his own store, even in a large build- complete acceptance throughout this have been dreaming about ever since we ing, and his payments will remain con- country." first got married. It's like taking our stant no matter how much business he Schiff's vision is already fact in Salt Cape Cod house in Westbury and hang- does. Lake City. Mel Jensen, the condomin- ing it on a sky hook only a ten-minute Louis Rub, vice president of the Fed- ium pioneer in that area, has been so walk from my office, and a ten-minute eral Home Loan Bank of New York, successful he now feels free to elaborate subway ride from Times Square. It's a another condominium pioneer, is opti- on the concept and experiment. dream all right." the end

AMOUNT OF INSURANCE BASED ON AGE* OFFICIAL AMERICAN LEGION LIFE INSURANCE AGE FULL UNIT Because you are a Legionnaire, you can protect your family's well-being with Official Under 35 $8,000 American Legion Life Insurance. It costs just $2 a month — less than 7<- a day. Simply 35 to 45 4,500 45 to 55 2,200 mail this application with your check for $2 to receive the Full Unit of protection for 55 to 60 1,200 the remainder of 1965. (Normally, no medical examination is required. However, 60 to 65 8O0 65 to 70 500 if your application is not accepted, your $2 will he promptly refunded.) •After you sign up. your coverage gradually reduces (as shown in chart).

OFFICIAL AMERICAN APPLICATION for YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE for MEMBERS of THE AMERICAN LEGION LEGION PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS CHECK MUST ACCOMPANY THIS APPLICATION LIFE INSURANCE Full Name Birth Date PLAN Lost First Middle Mo. Doy Yeo Permanent Residence Street No. City IMPORTANT Name of Beneficiary _ Relationship If you reside in New Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" York, North Carolina, Membership Card No. Year Post No. State Ohio, Texas, Wiscon- _

I apply for a Full Unit of insurance at Annual Premium of $24.00 or a Half Unit at $12.00 sin, Illinois, New Jer- sey or Puerto Rico, do The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this not use this form. application: Instead, write to 1. Present occupation 1 Are you now actively working? American Legion Life Insurance Plan, P.O. Yes No If No, give reason. Box 5609, Chicago, Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Q Yes rj If Yes, give date, length of Illinois 60680. Appli- stay and cause cations and benefits 3. Do you now have, or during the past five years have you had, heart disease, lung disease, cancer, diabetes vary slightly in some

areas. or any other serious illness? No Yes If Yes, give dates and details . MAIL TO: I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this application

AMERICAN LEGION are true and complete. I agree that this application shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under

LIFE INSURANCE the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may PLAN, attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired.

P.O. BOX 5609, Dated _ 19_ Signature of Applicant. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS OCCIDENTAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, Home Office: Los Angeles 60680 GMA-300-6 ED 5-63

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 A New FREE BOOK for

AUTOS -1965 & 1966. TELEPHONE GADGETRY. MEN PAST40 PERSONAL EASIER HOME BUYING. Troubled With Getting Up Nights, SMART GIVING. Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, Nervousness, Tiredness. It's just about a sure thing that sales of new autos in 1965 will top 9 million, This New Free Book points out that if a tremendous record. As for 1966: you are a victim of the above symptoms, • Prices won't change much on comparable merchandise. Chief increases the trouble may be traceable to Glandu- will be for added safety features—possibly up to $80. lar Inflammation ... a condition that • This year's big sellers (Chevrolet, Ford, Mercury, Plymouth) are getting very commonly occurs in men of middle age or past and is often accompanied by only a "facelift" in 1966 minor changes here and there. In the "redesign" — despondency, emotional upset and other category—which means major body alterations—are Falcon, Fairlane, Comet, mental and nervous reactions. Coronet, Belvedere and the American Motors line. The book explains that, although • Emphasis on sleekness, luxury, horsepower, sportiness continues. many people mistakenly think surgery • Trade-in value should remain favorable. is the only answer to Glandular Inflam- mation, there is now a non-surgical treatment available. The big communications company (AT&T) thinks that at last it has found a feasible way for the totally deaf to use the phone. Its solution is a device named "Sensicall" (available right now only in the New York territory for NON-SURGICAL TREATMENTS extra charges). It has a special plastic a $15 installation fee plus $3 a month This New Free Illustrated Book tells box that comes in two versions and is wired into your regular telephone. about the modern, mild, Non-Surgical One version has a light to blink out coded messages; the other has a little treatment for Glandular Inflammation and that the treatment is backed by a rod to vibrate them. Each version also has a sender button. Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. Many a Washington- AT&T recently hooked up a "Picturephone" on New York- men from all over the country have Chicago loop, enabling you to see as well as talk to friends for $16 to $27 per taken the NON-SURGICAL treatment three minutes. For the future, a gee -whiz phone with a keyboard which will and have reported it has proven effec- tive. enable you to do electronic buying and banking is being developed. The Non-Surgical treatment described in this book requires no painful surgery, Down-payments on homes will be cut considerably under a new housing hospitalization, anesthesia or long: act just signed into law. Note that it contains a special "no down-payment for period of convalescence. Treatment veterans" section (though a veteran actually would have to pay a minimum takes but a short time and the cost is of $200). But in any event, the initial bite is less for just about everybody. reasonable. Incidentally, if you're going to build or buy a home remember that 1) the REDUCIBLE housing market has been far from the boom stage of late, which could be in HERNIA HEMORRHOIDS your favor; and 2) most buyers pick a house not by the size of the down- payment, but by the size of the monthly mortgage bill plus taxes. Non-Surgical treatment for both Reducible Hernia and Hemorrhoids, the book explains, can usually be taken at the same time as treatment for Glandular Inflammation. Pretty soon nonprofit institutions—colleges, hospitals, churches—again will be asking for your financial support. Often it's legally possible to 1) increase the size of your contribution, and 2 ) take some of the sting out of it, if you do the following:

• Mk Give the institution appreciated property instead of cash. For example, suppose you bought some stock years ago for $600 which now is worth $1,000. If you give the stock outright to the institution, you will have a $1,000 income- ILLUSTRATED BOOK tax deduction and no capital gains tax on the $400 of appreciation. If you give This New Free Book is the institution $1,000 cash instead, then you will have to pay a capital gains fully illustrated and deals with diseases tax on the stock whenever you elect to sell (at the $1,000 level, the top peculiar to men. Tak- federal tax would be $100). [As a matter of fact, a good bet would be to ing a few minutes right now to fill out institution give the the stock, then immediately buy the same stock on the the coupon below, may market. In that case the institution has $1,000; you have a $1,000 tax de- enable you to better enjoy the future years Of duction; and you also have $1,000 worth of stock, originally costing $600, with of your life and prove no capital gain on the difference.] to be one of the best investments you ever • Turn money or property over to the institution in exchange for its promise made. to pay you a life income. For example, suppose you gave a college $10,000 _ ...... under an arrangement of this sort. The first thing is that you have a whop- r EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS ' ping income-tax deduction (which you can spread over five years if need be). MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY Next, the college either could pay you a fixed amount per year for life (say Dept. Ml 150 j 4%, or $400), or it could pay a variable amount, geared to the percentage its Excelsior Springs, Mo. endowment fund earns annually. Gentlemen: Kindly send me at once, your ' New FREE Book. I am interested in full in- • J Give the institution an insurance policy on your life. If it's an existing formation (Please Check Box) policy, your tax deduction will be the paid-up value, plus annual deductions Hernia Hemorrhoids Clandular g Inflammation | for premiums (if you continue to pay them). If you give a brand-new policy, your deductions will be the annual premiums. Remember this, though: Once NAME I you have given the policy away, you can't renege and try to get it back. ADDRESS- —By Edgar A. Grunwald TOWN STATE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 43 THE FIRST 100 YEARS OF THE STATUE OF LIBERTY her crown of rays at the Paris Exposi- (Continued fi )m page 27) tion of 1878. Three years later he began to assemble the complete statue in the his statue. With the site chosen, his ideas Parisian merchant donated the copper. Rue de Chazelles. When she was only became clear. He got out his water colors Laboulaye led the fund raising. He waist high, Laboulaye, who had started and in a few minutes of blazing inspira- had turned from teaching history to the project, died on May 25, 1883. and tion sketched a towering female figure, making it. As a member of the Chamber was replaced as chairman of the Franco- recognizable today as the Statue, holding of Deputies, he led the fight against an American Union by Ferdinand de Les- aloft a torch and standing on a high effort to turn the Third French Republic seps, builder of the Suez Canal. few pedestal rising from the star-shaped for- into a monarchy and won by one vote A months later. Liberty was completed and tifications of old Fort Wood on the is- —353 to 352. It was the greatest dav of ready to be removed to America. The land. "I will call her," he said, " 'Liberty his life. He formed the Franco-American " French Government agreed to send her Enlightening the World.' Union in 1875 to raise money for the not Statue of Liberty. Monarchists opposed aboard a warship but New York was ready for her. Richard Hunt, an Ameri- Bartholdi took his sketch to the it, saying the France of Louis XVI had can architect who had studied in France, prominent American artist John La not fought in America "to support a re- the pedestal started Farge, who had visited Paris. He praised publican experiment in the New World." planned and work on Bedloe's Island in 1883, but expenses it and let Bartholdi use his studio to make The French President, Marshall Patrice were greater than expected and funds a small model. La Farge passed the hand- M. MacMahon, attended the first fund- fewer. Americans objected to Lib- some 36-year-old Frenchman along to raising dinner. Laboulaye presided, sit- Some poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and ting between descendants of Lafayette erty as "a pagan Goddess." other writers and artists. One of Labou- and Rochambeau, and the 200 men pres- A professional fund raiser was em- laye's letters of introduction was to the ent pledged 40,000 francs. The City of ployed with little success. Efforts to ob- tain state and federal appropriations charming Miss Mary Louise Booth, ed- Paris gave 2,000 francs, Le Havre 1 ,000 itor of Harper's Bazaar. She spoke francs, Rouen and 178 other French failed. An appeal to artists and authors French and introduced Bartholdi to the towns smaller amounts. Firms, organiza- to contribute works for auctioning pro- New York French colony. Another was tions and individuals subscribed. When duced little money but resulted in a great to John W. Forney, publisher of the Bartholdi's cost estimates proved too poem, "The New Colossus," by Miss Philadelphia Press. Forney had helped low, a lottery made up the difference. Emma Lazarus, a Spanish Jewish elect President Lincoln, was a power in For a fund-raising opera fete. Charles woman. She protested she couldn't Republican politics and was helping plan Gounod, composer of Faust, wrote and "write to order" but after seeing refugees Philadelphia's Centennial Exhibition for conducted a cantata, "Liberty Enlighten- from Czarist Russian pogroms arriving 1876. Forney sent Bartholdi to his ing the World." Wearing a Grecian cos- in New York, she penned this sonnet: friends, including President U. S. Grant tume and holding an American Flag, at his summer residence at Long Branch, Mile. Rousseil of the Theatre Francais "Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame. N.J. After six months of traversing sang: With conquering limbs astride from land America from Boston to San Francisco to land; gates and finding everything "curious and "I cast, when all my fires blink, Here at our sea-washed, sunset wonderful," Bartholdi returned to My rays throughout the somber night shall stand France. Far to the ship about to sink. A mighty woman with a torch, whose He took with him a commission from And far, to the oppressed, my light!" flame the French societies of New York for a Is the imprisoned lightning, and her bronze statue of Lafayette that stands The French raised the equivalent of name today in Union Square. He also had or- $250,000, all that was needed for con- Mother of Exiles. From her beacon hand welcome; her mild ders for a fountain, now in the Wash- struction, but it came so slowly that only Glows world-wide ington, D.C. Botanical Gardens; and for the arm holding the torch was ready in eyes command a frieze to adorn the Brattle Street time for showing at the Philadelphia The air-bridged harbor that twin cities Church in Boston. He had sold "The Centennial in 1876. After being viewed frame. Vintner," a tiny statue already made, de- by millions there, this was exhibited in 'Keep, ancient lands, your storied cries she picting a young Alsatian. This is now Madison Square in New York and then pomp!' at Philadelphia's Drexel Institute, where returned to Paris. Bartholdi, a member With silent lips. 'Give me your tired, students believe rubbing its big toe brings of the French delegation to the Centen- your poor, them luck in examinations. nial, spent July 4 on Bedloe's Island Your huddled masses yearning to America would be happy to receive choosing a site for Liberty, and remained breathe free, "Liberty Enlightening the World," Bar- in New York long enough to help launch The wretched refuse of your teeming tholdi informed Laboulaye, but the American preparations to receive her. shore. French would have to bear most of the These began with a meeting at the Cen- Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to expense. other activities, tury Club in New York at which Wil- me, Amid many " they proceeded with the project. Using liam Evarts was chosen chairman of a I lift my lamp beside the golden door.' his stern mother as a model for the head 114-man American Committee for the and Jeanne-Emilie Baheux de Puysieux, Statue of Liberty. A few weeks later These inspired lines imparted "a soul fire" to the Statue but in the spring a young woman who was first his model Evarts became Secretary of State under of and then his wife, for the uplifted arm President Hayes and Congress author- of 1 885, only 1 5 feet of her 89-foot ped- estal built and only $3,000 re- and figure, Bartholdi made larger mod- ized the President to accept it "and to had been els of his Liberty, eventually one a fourth designate and set apart for the erection mained of $182,491 that had been col- oi the 151 feet she was to tower. In the thereof a suitable site upon either Gov- lected in the United States. Joseph Pulit- interest of lightness, he decided to make ernor's or Bedloe's Island, in the Harbor zer, the Hungarian-born publisher of the her of 300 big pieces of copper fitted of New York." The committee was slow New York World, came to the rescue. around a steel skeleton. Gustave Eiffel, in raising funds but so was Bartholdi in An editorial appearing March 16 began: an engineer who later built the Eiffel his construction. "Money must be raised to complete the Tower, designed the steel structure. A He exhibited the head of Liberty with pedestal for the Bartholdi statue. It

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N OVEMBER 1965 would be an irrevocable disgrace to New all that have been celebrated in ancient York City and the American Republic song. Instead of grasping in her hand If you want to to have France send us this splendid gift thunderbolts of terror and of death, she without our having provided even so holds aloft the light which illumines the STOP SMOKING much as a landing place for it." The way to man's enfranchisement. We will World contributed $1,000 and in five not forget that Liberty has here made her here's how! months, by continual appeals and print- home, nor shall her chosen altar be neg- ing the name of every donor, induced lected. Willing votaries will constantly ." 120,000 of its readers to give $101,- keep alive its fires. . . 006.39. The New York Times made a After his speech, as short as that of contribution. This total paid for the ped- Lincoln at Gettysburg, President Cleve-

estal and a $ 1 ,000 Tiffany-created silver land turned Liberty over to her first offi- globe for Bartholdi, who had given a cial votaries, the Lighthouse Board. Elec- large part of his time for 15 years to the tric lighting being in its infancy, they Statue of Liberty. had some trouble keeping alive her fires. She was received with ceremony when In 1901, she was transferred to the War she arrived in 210 wooden packing cases Department which maintained Fort aboard the French Government steamer Wood on the island. In 1903, a bronze Isere on June 17, 1885. Assembled by tablet bearing the lines of Emma Laza- 75 men and 300,000 rivets, she was dedi- rus, by then dead of cancer, was added by Whitey Ford cated with even more ceremony on Oc- to the interior of the pedestal. Bartholdi The famous Major League pitcher who holds the most World Series records tells what tober 28, 1886, a rainy Thursday. died in 1 904 at the age of 70, after mak- happened when he decided smoking was not pa- Schools were dismissed. There were ing his own tombstone, and President good for his physical fitness. rades, fireworks, gun and whistle salutes. Theodore Roosevelt sent a message of Bartholdi pulled away a rain-soaked condolence to widow and model Jeanne- I talked to my doctor about smoking and he advised to quit. I did. But it was hard.Then French flag from the head of the Statue Emilie Bartholdi "in the name of the me I heard about a little pill called Bantron. I was at the climax of the ceremony. The major American people." In 1916, President surprised to find that it helped a lot to keep me speeches were by Count de Lesseps, Wil- Woodrow Wilson dedicated a flood light- from smoking. Now, when I feel like relapsing, I just take Bantron instead. liam M. Evarts, by this time a U.S. Sen- ing system for the Statue. Bantron was discovered by doctors in the ator; Chauncey M. Depew, later to be a When the 77th Division was organized research department of a great American University. Tests on hundreds of people showed with New York men, at Camp Upton in that it helped more than 4 out of 5 of all people 1917, it was only natural that it became who wanted to stop smoking to do so in five to seven days. Even those who didn't stop com- SHOPandMAIL EARLY the "Liberty Division" and had the pletely had drastically cut down. • '« NEW as insignia. It fought tcr Statue of Liberty And the Bantron way is so easy and pleas- USE CHRISTMAS STAMP overseas in both wars and part of its ant! Bantron does not affect your taste, is not habit forming. It acts as a substitute for the 308th Regiment won immortality as the nicotine in your system, and curbs your desire "Lost Battalion." Congressional Medals for tobacco. of Honor went to Maj. Charles W. Whit- Try Bantron. You will be amazed at the results you get. It's so safe when taken as to tlesey, the battalion commander, and directed that you can half a dozen others in this epic drama. get it at all drug stores IcSVtwYf^K without a prescrip- Statue of Liberty grave markers identify Vll tion. Also available brand ® the division's dead in France. In World in Canada. Smoking Deterrent Tablets War 2 the Division fought with distinc- tion in the Western Pacific at Leyte and the Ryukyu Islands, and was inacti-

ZIP CODE vated in Japan in 1946. Train quickly in 8 short weeks at ALL ADDRESSES Toledo for a bright future with security effect of the sight of The Statue in the vital meat business. Big pay, •mum eesTMtsrca The full-time Jobs—HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after of Liberty on his fellow passengers, on graduation. Diploma given. Job help. Thousands of successful graduates. Our a troopship moving up the Bay in WW2, 42nd year! Send now for big, new illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING U.S. Senator, and President Grover inspired the late Robert E. Sherwood, Dept. A-66, Toledo 4, Ohio Cleveland. famous playwright, to author "Miss Lib- "The people of the United States," erty" and to induce Irving Berlin, a vet- concluded President Cleveland, "accept eran of Camp Upton and the 77th Divi- NO NEED TO WEAR

with gratitude from their brethren of the sion, to compose the music for it. The French Republic the grand and complete 1949 musical was about the adventures work of art we here inaugurate. This of a young French girl who, erroneously, A TRUSS token of the affection and consideration was supposed to be the model for the of the people of France demonstrates Statue. The play focused on the circula- FOR RUPTURE the kinship of republics, and conveys to tion rivalry between two New York That Binds, Cuts, Gouges, us the assurance that in our efforts to newspapers of the time, the New York Slips and Does Not Hold commend to mankind the excellence of World and the New York Herald, and If you must wear a Truss for Rupture, don't a government resting upon popular will, told about the New York World's fund- miss this. A Post Card, with name and address, will get you FREE, and without obligation, the we still have beyond the American con- raising campaign to help erect the statue. complete, modernized Rice Plan of Reducible tinent a steadfast ally. New York critics were rough on it, but Rupture Control. Now in daily use by thou- sands who say they never dreamed possible "We are not here today to bow before audiences loved it, protested the reviews, such secure, dependable and comfortable rup- the representation of a fierce warlike god, and kept the show going for months. ture protection. Safely blocks rupture opening, prevents escape, without need for bulky, cum- filled with wrath and vengeance, but we Some of its songs like: "Let's Take an bersome Trusses, tormenting springs or harsh, joyously contemplate instead our own Old Fashioned Walk," "Little Fish" and gouging pad pressure. Regardless of how long deity keeping watch and ward before the "Home Work" are still heard. Berlin ruptured, size, occupation, or trusses you have worn. TRY THIS, and send your Post Card open gates of America and greater than {Continued on page 46) today to W. S. Rice, Inc., Adams, N.Y. Dept. 8W. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 45 THE FIRST 100 YEARS OF THE STATUE OF UBERTY issuing a set of six in 1919 commemorat- (Continued from page 45) ing peace at the end of WW1. A set is worth about $2 today. Statue gave to charity his royalties on the show's and though it has a Manhattan telephone The began to adorn U.S. issues with a dark-grey 1 last song, the Lazarus poem set to music number, the service is through New Jer- 5^ stamp, sold as a solemn "Hymn to Liberty." sey. New Jersey Congressman Cornelius from November 11, 1922 to In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge E. Gallagher thinks there should be a 1938. She adorned the 1 «< green of the 1940 National had declared the Statue a National Mon- footbridge from the Jersey shore to the Defense series and ap- peared ument, and in 1936, French Ambassador Statue (Secretary of the Interior Udall with the New York skyline on a 15^ air mail in 1947. later Andre de Laboulaye, grandson of the thinks differently). In view of all this, She was on

regular 3<*, and 1 1 issues. man whose dinner started it all, and Mrs. Hill a few years ago thought it un- 8^ With the President Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke fair that she should pay the New York slogan "Liberty For All" she appeared at a moving 5()th birthday ceremony for City sales tax on her food sales. She sued on a 1959 air mail stamp. This was re- the Statue. Three years earlier. President for their return but a court turned her designed in 1961. Meanwhile, France, Roosevelt had transferred her to the De- down on the basis of an 1833 agreement pre-Castro Cuba, Peru, Liberia, Bul- partment of the Interior's National Park between the two states. garia and Korea have used the Statue on Service. In 1937, the Army discontinued The National Park Service admin- stamps. A 1936 French set appropriately Fort Wood, located on Bedloe's Island, isters, as a unit, the Statue of Liberty raised money for the relief of refugees. and the whole island became part of the along with Castle Clinton and Federal As the Statue's design has been with- park surrounding the monument. Con- Hall, two National Monuments in lower out legal protection since expiration of gress changed the name of Bedloe's Is- Manhattan, for which Medals also have Bartholdi's patent, proposals have been land to Liberty Island in 1956. been struck. The fiscal 1965 budget for made that her design be copyrighted like Though Fort Wood, named for maintaining the Statue was $234,000 and the Red Cross emblem and also that she Eleazer D. Wood, killed in the Battle of the current 1966 one is $256,900. Vis- be substituted for the eagle as an official

Lake Erie, is no more, the ramparts and itors last year contributed $28,000 symbol. These have come to nothing, but memories remain. Sgt. Aaron Hill, who toward this in 10^ elevator fees at the Liberty has her defenders. When she served at Fort Wood and in France with Statue. The Park Service also shares in was new, a soapmaker, without outcry, the First Division during World War 1, the profits of Mrs. Hill's food conces- advertised: "Liberty Enlightens the had the food concession at the Statue sion and the Circle Line's ferry service World and Sapolio Brightens It." But a until his death. His widow, Mrs. Evelyn to Liberty Island. Round-trip ferry fare New England firm recently was deluged

Hill, now has it and their son. Jim Hill, from the Battery at the tip of Manhat- with protests when it had the Statue hold- whose birth in 1925 was the last on the tan Island is 90

Statue of Liberty is Lester F. McClana- the stairs, your visit to the Statue of Lib- of stunts." But luck and her guardians han, a native of Lawrence, Kan., and a erty will cost you nothing. protect her from the really outrageous. graduate of the University of Kansas. Brooklyn tavern owners chose the Statue He piloted Naval landing craft in the While he took not a sou of the of Liberty as the site from which to an- Lingayen Gull and Okinawa fighting in money donated for the Statue, Bar- nounce a membership drive for the Sons WW2. His is one of half a dozen fam- tholdi in 1875 deposited two bronze of the Whiskey Rebellion, a group op- iles now living on the island. His sons, models of it with the U.S. Patent Office posing return of prohibition and "op- Michael and Patrick, take a workboat and thriftily obtained a design patent. pressive liquor taxes." A new model Re- to go to school on nearby Governor's When the Patent Office quit requiring nault automobile broke into the news-

Island. models and disposed of those it had, one papers and picture magazines when pho- The Statue of Liberty has been New of these went to the Liberty National tographed dangling from a helicopter in

York's No. 1 attraction for visitors for Bank, and through mergers to the New front of Liberty. An Olympic runner un- many years, according to polls taken York Trust Co. (now the Chemical Bank dertook to carry a "Torch of Truth" by the New York Automobile Club New York Trust Co.) from the Statue to the New York World's and others. Holiday crowds sometimes Until his patent expired in 1892, Bar- Fair but the wind blew it out. The Cru- run to more than 10,000. Even groups tholdi controlled and usually collected sade for Freedom launched balloons of blind come from distant points to royalties on any reproduction of the from the Island. Hungarians, Poles, Cas- sense Liberty's mystical inspiration. In Statue of Liberty, though they did not tro and also Anti-Castro Cubans have numbers of visitors she rivals the Tower make him wealthy. Paris has exhibited unfurled flags briefly. But when a Euro- of London, the Eiffel Tower and Lenin's a small bronze model of the Statue since pean acrobat, Unus—announced as "an Tomb, all of which can be reached with- 1885. It can be seen on a River Seine Iron Curtain refugee" eager to celebrate out a ferry ride. Superintendent Mc- bridge over the Island of the Swans. his freedom—proposed to balance on Clanahan's great regret is that very few Macy's and other stores sold "author- one finger atop Liberty's head for press New Yorkers who live within sight of ized" miniatures for $1 at the time of and photographers, the National Park the Statue visit her. They have nothing the 1886 dedication. New York had a Service people investigated. They found against her. The local French societies second 55-foot steel Statue of Liberty he was a circus performer, was not a and veterans groups like American Le- erected in 1902 by a Russian immigrant refugee and, in fact, was a WW2 vet- gion La France Post 1210 take part in atop a warehouse at 43 West 64th St. eran of the German Army. He gave no ceremonies at her feet. But to most New A temporary one the same size helped performance at the Statue of Liberty. Yorkers she is "the girl next door." They sell millions of bonds in Times Square Today, as for 80 years, anyone com- hope to get around to visiting her but during WW2. Since then copies have ing up New York Harbor on ship or boat never do. been sent to Israel, Japan and the Philip- expects and gets an emotional binge as Liberty Island is much closer to the pines. he sees the Lady holding her Torch aloft, New Jersey shore than it is to New York. Uruguay was the first country to put no matter how many times he has seen It draws electric power from New Jersey the Statue of Liberty on postage stamps, her before. the end

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N OVEMBER 1965 ! $70,000.00 IN CASH PRIZES

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 47 — "

THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION— 1965-1966 (Continued from page 16) on in civvies as Director of Civilian Per- He considers himself a trial lawyer first State Bar Council, the governing body, sonnel for the Bureau of Ships. Immedi- and last. on which he has served as a member of ately on his separation his uncle Ralph In the fifteen years since he moved to the Unauthorized Practices of Law Com- signed him up in Hampton Roads Post Hampton his civic works made up a siza- mittee. 31, American Legion, in Hampton, Va. ble catalog. While in Washington, such In March 1950 he became active in Between the Depression and the war activities were restricted chiefly to mem- -Hampton Roads American Legion Post bership on the Board of Deacons of the it was now nine years since James had 3 1 , after having been an absent member taken his law degree, while circum- Alexandria Baptist Church. In Hampton for four years. It is a small post, whose stances had kept him out of his chosen he has long been associated with the chief interest is in carrying out Legion profession. And while he was now a Peninsula United Fund. He participated and community programs. It had raised member of the Legion, his future role in the large job of creating it by consoli- funds to light the high school athletic as a leader in it was invisible. James re- dating the United Funds of Hampton field, and to build a running track there; mained in Washington, many miles re- and Newport News, and he is today a to erect a community war memorial, and moved from his Legion Post, and con- member of the Fund's Board of Trustees. was long the only post in the neighbor- tinued as the Director of Personnel of Earlier, he had served as a director of hood to sponsor a Legion Junior Base- the Bureau of Ships until 1950. the Peninsula Health Foundation. He is ball team. (It now sponsors two.) In president In that year, his uncle invited him to a past of the Hampton Lions 1949 it sold its post home and moved its join the law firm of James and Richard- meetings to the local National Guard son in Hampton, and on February 28, armory. The post became the voluntary 1950, he resigned from federal service, custodian of the armory and financed its moved to Hampton, and began both his building maintenance. It then acquired law career and his American Legion ca- some marshland, cleared and drained it, reer. built a baseball field there, and converted the second floor of the concession stand for post meetings. Part of the reclaimed Hampton, Va., is one of America's land is tentatively set aside for a boys' new big cities, created in its present club if a sponsor can be found. All of size of about 100,000 by the consolida- it is reserved for eventual community tion in the early 1950's of numerous purposes. smaller political divisions of populous Elizabeth City County, among which the earlier version of Hampton was a town of James took an active part in the post's community work from the start, and about 6,000. Hampton lies at the tip of in 1952 was elected the Virginia Peninsula, across Hampton post Commander. As a result of his work on committees at the Roads from Norfolk. It is now one of six 1950 Legion state convention, Depart- substantial cities in the Peninsular and Hodges Tidewater area. ment Commander Joe named him Department Judge Advocate (state Hampton is the site of the original Legion legal officer). Two successive landing of the Jamestown settlers who commanders, Dan Daniel (later Nat'l set up the first English colony in what Commander) and Bill Kellam, con- is now the continental United States. tinued him in that office. In 1953 James Hampton's basic local mainstay is the was elected state Vice Commander, and, seafood industry, but it hums with fed- ". . . Wife's picking her up at the airport. in 1954, Commander of the Virginia eral defense and scientific activities. It is She lives in Mobile, you know—That's Department. For the next two years he the site of Langley AFB and its Tacti- only 600 miles as the old crow flies— was a Virginia member of the Legion's cal Air Command. NASA's Langley lab- Nat'l Public Relations Commission, and oratory and research center is there in 1957 Virginia named him to be its the birthplace of the Mercury program THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE man on the Legion's National Executive and the initial training ground of the Club, and for some years was vice-chair- Committee. In 1959 he became the sec- seven original astronauts. It is the site man of the Salvation Army's local citi- ond Virginian to be named to a second of Fortress Monroe, where Jefferson zens advisory committee. Strictly among term on the NEC, and, on being returned Davis was imprisoned long ago, now the close friends, James is not averse to join- in 1961 and 1 963, the only one from Vir- Hq of the Continental Army Command. ing a pal or two to beat a piano and sing ginia ever to serve four terms on the Eldon James quickly identified himself amusing parodies. But he considers his NEC. It was while serving on the NEC with the professional civic and life of interest in theatricals to be superior to that he established the reputation which the new big city. First he had to hone his talents, and for some years he acted culminated in nationwide support for the away rust that had formed on his as a director of the business end of the him for the office of National Com- legal education over the years of disuse. operations of the Hampton Little Thea- mander. The firm was engaged in general law ter, before it joined with its Newport For the record, the Jameses have four practice, and Eldon concentrated the on News counterpart to become the Penin- children. The eldest, Nancy Noyes, mar- trial work. He was made a partner with- sula Community Theater. ried John Martin Buhl in 1963. They in a year of joining the firm, and after Shortly after moving to Hampton, live in Hampton, as do the second daugh- getting his feet wet he took over the ma- James joined with others to revitalize the ter, Aurelia Quinby, and her husband, jor part of the courtroom work of the local Bar Association, which had been Charles R. Amory, Jr. Another daugh- firm—which is mostly defense of negli- inactive for several years. He also served ter, Sally, graduated from high school gence actions, (He has defended in two on the 1st District Committee of the last spring. One son, Leonard Eldon murder trials and won them both, but Virginia State Bar for three years, and James, Jr., (Donnie), is in grade school the firm handles little criminal practice.) he is presently a member of the Virginia in Hampton. the end 48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • N /EMBER 1965 THE SYSTEMATIC TERROR OF THE VIET CONG (Continued from page 12) Ik Borrow BY MAIl they were torturing her and escaped into American role in Vietnam might not »| ,40*? fl,OO9?ft the night. But Nghi's two daughters, aged "more wholesomely redirect their ener- Enjoy the things you want 11 and 9, were asleep. The 11 -year-old gies" along the lines of Mr. Natarajan's NOW with a confidential LOAN -by -MAIL — set any was stabbed twice in the back and left plea that teachers all over the world help amount, $100 to $1,000. Pay back In small monthly installments to fit Cash 30 Monthly for dead, but recovered. The nine-year- remedy the situation and bring relief for your paycheck. Noco -makers. You Gtl Piymonti Also, Credit Life Insurance is avail- S104.S5 $5.00 old's head was left connected to her body the victims. able, at nominal cost, which will pay the balance of your loan in case of death. 293.02 14.00 by only a few threads of flesh after eight Attacks on schools and teachers have No matter where you live, rush this coupon 512.26 25.00 now. Loan Order Blank mailed FREE Cllh 3 > Monthly hacks of a machete. continued steadily since the 1962 report. in a plain envelope. No obligation. Act! You Get 'lymonts DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick Bide. $619.57 The enormous drive of the VC to deci- Last April 15 a Kien Hoa Province Dept. 11-092- Omaha, Nebraska 68102 1009.36 40.00

mate the potential for civil leadership in teacher was assassinated. Five days ear- • DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick Bldg.

I Dept.11 092 - Omaha. Nebraska 68102 South Vietnam is matched by parallel lier in Ong Hoi the local school was • Please rush FREE Loan Order Blank. drives to destroy every institution for the burned and two 15-year-olds kidnapped. . Name mmmm „ mmmmmmmmmm * m public 15 of this year, both the good. The communist political On February Address-™ — j aim is that nothing must succeed that is school and the administration building | City. State. .Zip Code beneficial to the life prosperity in a Binh Tuy Province hamlet were and of the | Amount you want to borrow * South Vietnamese. Senator Thomas burned. On March 3 two squads of VC Dodd of Connecticut, while recently kidnapped a teacher in Quang Ngai OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN scolding the American press for making Province while shooting up the Catholic FREESbig money sHOE BUSINESS! a big thing of the rough treatment of Church and murdering three civilians rv >m Run your own profitable 'shoe store' captured Viet Cong guerrillas, inquired and a soldier at the same time. business from home in spare or full time. We give you— fMEf— com- why our press had reported so little of Perhaps the most malicious of the plete Starting Outfit that makes you $217.00 EXTRA each month the VC's cruel campaign to destroy pub- school bombings occurred at 1 : 30 on the for just 2 easy orders a day. You feature 275 fast-selling dress, lic education in South Vietnam. morning of April 26, 1963, when the _ sport, work shoe styles for men By 1962 the drive of the VC to bring UNESCO Educational Center at Tan-An and women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! Sizes 2'/2 to 16—widths AAAA to EEEE. Draw on 300,000 education to a halt had reached such in Long-An Province was severely dam- pair stock. Your own shoes FREE. Discounts to your fam- ily. Prizes, bonuses—even a new car—at no cost to you. proportions that, though little reported aged. Designed to provide teachers for Rush postcard for your FREE Starting Outfit today... Now! in our own press, it was the subject of a rural schools, the Educational Center MASON SHOE, Dept F-875, CHIPPEWA FALLS, WIS. special report of the World Conference was under heavy fire and a nearby power of Organizations of the Teaching Profes- station was destroyed before reinforce- g lbeaTAX CONSULTANT sion. A commission comprised of an In- ments arrived—just in the nick of time. Income unlimited in ever growing profession. Our dian, a Bavarian, a Congolese and a VC attacks on public institutions were students are earning- lucrative fees in dignified full or part time home-office business preparing income tax returns during busy tax season. Many operate Frenchman made an on-the-spot study so serious long before direct U.S. mili- profitable Business Tax Service with steady monthly fees of $10-$50. No bookkeeping experience neces- in Vietnam. They reported "systematic tary intervention that one of the main ef- sary. We train you at home and help you start Licensed by N.Y. Education Dep't. No agent will call. attacks against the national school sys- forts of the South Vietnamese, in con- Write for free literature. Accredited Nat'l Home Study Con il. NATIONAL TAX TRAINING SCHOOL, Monsey G- 17, N.Y. tem in South Vietnam, demolishing and junction with U.S. military advisers and burning schools, school materials and civilians of our State Department's AID equipment, and threatening, kidnapping program, was a "Strategic Hamlet Pro- and executing teachers. ... It is clearly gram," succeeded by a "New Rural Life Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg

evident that such action is motivated by Hamlet Program." Individual villages I ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous

I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- the will to destroy the role played by the were fortified, given warning systems I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back school from the national, educational and patrolled, and the villagers were ] guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. and human points of view." trained in self-defense. Within these for- |l. e. viscose company tified towns Vietnamese and U.S. civilian 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago 10, III. Commission Chairman S. Natarajan, aid programs for health, education, vil- c g of the All India Federation of Edu- lage improvement and agriculture were SECRETS °yours"[f MUSIC cational Associations, said that in two re- introduced. Our own nonmilitary aid This Money-Saving Way Teach your- > gions of the south almost three-fourths program there is the biggest of our for- YES!

\ self Piano, Gui- \ \ »\| tar, ANY instru- its of the schools had been closed. In An- eign aid programs. But until the VC \ ment—even if you xuyen Province, 150 schools were closed. are defeated by military superiority, ef- don't know a note now! Famous proven Course makes it easy as A-B-C. Play actual pieces right 22 were burned, four teachers had been forts at improving the daily life of the away. FREE BOOK U.S. SCHOOL OF MUSIC, Studio A4611. Port Washington, N. Y. 11050. (Est. assassinated and 60 kidnapped in two people can only be carried out as the 1898. Lie. N.Y. State Edue. Dept.) Tear out this ad.

years, leaving 19,000 children without American pioneers did it, behind their schools to attend. stockades. On May 4, 1962, a thousand IF Natarajan reported that a representa- armed VC attacked the agricultural de- YOU tive of the Women Social Workers had velopment center of Tram-Chim. They told his international HAVE RUPTURE commission that set 425 houses afire, massacred 13 ci- six months earlier a school bus was vilians and wounded 38 others. A dam Get this NEW FREE BOOK stopped by the VC and the children told being built on the Mekong River is at Tells how Rupture can be treated by a to go home if they valued their lives. present the object of sniper fire to dis- mild Non-Surgical method that is backed When the bus continued to run for a courage South Vietnamese laborers from by a Life Time Certificate of Assurance. This treatment method has a long history week, the VC waylaid it, cut the fingers working on it. The 150 families of the of use and is recognized by Authorities off a six-year-old child and told the farm center of An-Hiep were terrorized today. Men and Women from all over the country have taken the Non-Surgical Treat- other youngsters that even worse would by a mortar attack on May 6, 1962, ment and reported it is effective. Why put up with wearing a griping, chafing, unsan- happen to them if they kept on going to followed by destruction by fire of that itary truss? school. "So naturally, the school closed food-raising community, with damage Write today for this FREE BOOK. Tells How, explains Why more and more Rupture down." In reviewing this study, Senator running into several million piasters. On Sufferers are using modern Non-Surgical Treatment Methods. Act Now. No Obligation. Dodd expressed wonderment that Amer- May 30 of that year the Christian Mis- EXCELSIOR MEDICAL CLINIC ican educators who are protesting the (Continued on page 50) Dept. E 1132 Excelsior Springs, Mo. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 49 —

Not everyone does as well, but T. N. CODY, THE SYSTEMATIC TERROR OF THE VIET CONG who started a business of his own, reports (Continued from page 49) 12 FOR MONTHS sionary Alliance leper hospital near Ban the communist calamity the Vietnam I'VE AVERAGED Me Thuot was pillaged and an American Unified Buddhist Association issues this PER MONTH } woman doctor and two missionaries car- proclamation, strongly protests to public INCOME A ried off. along with medical supplies. The opinion at home and abroad against com-

-moil of it clear profit for met U.S. State Department notes that hos- munist plots to eradicate religion, and We have helped thousands of men pitals and medical clinics are a doubly calls upon all Buddhist believers to close to become independent, free of layoffs and bosses. No special skill desirable target for attack, since their their ranks and oppose communist anti- or big investment needed; completeainstruction destruction deprives the South Vietnam- religious plots ... by non-violent means manual tells you everything you need to know and do; start part time if you wish. Work from your ese of a needed community service while of struggle . . . and prays for the libera- home. Our electric deterger shampoos rugs, car- at the same time enabling the VC to pro- tion of the nation and the religion from pets right on floor. You own the machine—you keep all the money you take in. write today for FRE£ cure medical supplies. control and subversion by communists." booklet that tells the whole profit story. The infirmary and maternity hospital Buddhists have held demonstrations VON SCHRADER MFG. CO. • E17 "R" PI., Racine, Wif. at My-Phuoc-Tay were looted and and hunger strikes against communist burned out on April 8. 1964. The Vinh practices in South Vietnam on numerous Binh village hospital was burned out. occasions and have published many other 1000 The maternity hospital at Long-Hoa has reports on the humiliation and degrada- Address been wrecked and ransacked three times. tion of priests by the VC—such as the Malaria is the most prevalent health kidnapping, dragging, choking and sav- Labels $1 scourge in Vietnam. The South Viet- age beating of High Priest Thich Bao Special Offer namese Government has an extensive Hue last April 27. Few such accounts Mr. & Mrs. A. K. Johnson malaria control program, much of it have been published in the United States. 1934 Marlin Avenue B ANY 3 DIFF Martindale, Calif. 93107 mounted on elephants to carry oil and In July, Viet Cong terrorists stormed B 0R0ERS $2 men to mosquito breeding waters of the the pagoda Suong Luong Tu in Phuoc Sensational bargain! Your name and address handsomely jungles, valleys and highlands. As it grew village in attempt to kidnap the printed on 1000 finest quality gummed labels. Padded Long an packed with FREE useful Plastic GIFT BOX. Use them increasingly effective, malaria-control venerable resident Bonze, Nguyen Tri. on stationery, cheeks, books, cards, records, etc. WOO only $1. SPECIAL—SAVE MONEY! ANY 3 DIFFERENT workers became prime targets for VC Tri was whisked away by friends. The ORDERS $2. Makes an ideal gift. assassination. More than 60 of them have then smashed Buddha statues and HANDY LABELS VC 1162 Jasperson Blda., Culver City, Calif. been murdered and 120 kidnapped, religious paraphernalia and wrecked the thanks to which malaria is now on the temple. On the way out of town, they ascendancy again. tortured residents until they told where Enjoyable, rewarding work, big fulltime or Be a I sparetime earnings, unlimited opportunities Railway trains, tracks and bridges the Bonze was. He was shot to death. A I are ready and wailing for the young or ma- REAL ture man or woman who can qualify as a have been particularly vulnerable to notably savage attack was made on the Real Estate Salesman or Broker. No ex- perience mines and bombing. ESTATE necessary. Train at home. You The bombing of night of August 10, 1964, on a Buddhist ^ft risk nothing with Career Institute's unique buses carrying civilians [ is a favorite village. temple Exclusive I Temple at Tan Hanh The BROKER STATI l( E NSI ( .1 ARAN- VC TEED pi, m Send Name, Address and mode of disrupting everyday life. Among was bombed and burned. A 64-year-old or L Zip Code for fascinating FREE BOOK. ' - No salesman will call Real Estate Divi- the more savage examples was the de- night watchman was imprisoned inside SALESMAN sion. CAREER INSTITUTE, Suite 1 *0 E. Adams. L-6, Chicago. III. 60603. struction of a public bus by a road mine by the VC and was burned to death. On in the Ham-Luong District on October January 24, 1964, VC terrorists used a 11.1 963. The VC rushed out of ambush, mine to blow up a Protestant Mission in RUPTURE agony machinegunncd the survivors and robbed Cay-Muong hamlet in Quang-Tri Prov- them. Fifteen wounded survived by ince. British Missionary Pastor Roy F. Removed f feigning death. 14 were dead, with their Spraggett, his wife, and one-year-old bodies obscenely mutilated. Indiscrimi- daughter were seriously injured. WHEN you slip into a nate road mining killed two little chil- low-cost, contour-designed Brooks Patented Air Cush- dren on the road from Mhon-Hoa to It was not until last January that the ion Appliance! Your *re- Moc Hoa on May 3, 1964. Eleven others United States directly participated in ducible will rupture be held j were maimed, including four children. the fighting—and carried the war to the in securely yet gently —or i civilian the trial costs you nothing! This invention The American press has fairly well enemy. By then, the population has made millions of sufferers happy. You created the illusion that the Vietnamese had been subjected to the terror for seven can enjoy heavenly comfort night and day at Buddhists are inclined to be on the side years, while the South Vietnam military work and play— or the Appliance costs you of the VC. The following short ex- received material and advice from us. nothing. Isn't this worth a no-risk trial by you? If interested, write for free facts now. cerpt from an April 12, 1965, commu- In the last four years, the terror has BROOKS CO.. 302 C STATE ST., MARSHALL, MICH. nique of the Unified Buddhist Associa- killed or abducted 35,000 South Viet- tion of Vietnam, in a warning to all namese civilians. No attempt was ever Buddhists against the dangers of a com- made to hide the Viet Cong's role in munist dictatorship, points up Buddhist bombings, murders, assassinations, the opposition to the communists: burial alive of selected victims, the mu- GIVE "In rural areas, the communists have tilation of school children, the wreckage occupied pagodas, confiscated lands, for- of hospitals, the blowing up of buses, the bidden religious activities, forced Bud- destruction of property of no military dhist priests to enter the army, indulged value. To the contrary, the Viet Cong sign in savage denunciations, and arrested takes pains to make sure that as many

and killed loyal Buddhist faithful . . . people as possible are struck numb with OF THE V? many high priests, monks, nuns and Bud- fear of its atrocities, while it openly calls dhist faithful in communist-occupied its destruction of public services and RINGING BELL areas have been obliged to abandon pa- public leaders "cutting off the fingers of godas and lands . . . they are all suffering government." innumerable hardships ... In the face of Yet, with the terror now going into

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 its ninth year, neither fear nor the de- struction of public leaders and institu- tions has yet brought the South Viet- namese to their knees. Perhaps the ter- ror can be ended soon by the growing U.S. military participation. In many areas the VC is now on the run, though open warfare in the hinterland is particularly difficult to wage.

It takes a long search of the pages of history to find a people who have en- dured so much savagery for so long with- out crumbling. The United States has con- tributed to the shoring up of the civilian way of life longer than it has sent fight- ing men against the VC. We have our largest foreign aid program in Vietnam. Two thousand six hundred doctors, nurses, health workers, agricultural ex- perts, engineers, teachers, commercial fishing experts, foresters, transportation experts and others are doing their best Brokers' messengers scan newspaper during . to help the Vietnamese people to a better life—in the face of a barbaric enemy de- termined to rule or ruin anything worth- THE GREAT BOOM while in South Vietnam. Eight hundred AID (Agency for In- ternational Development) workers are Americans. Philippine nationals and AND PANIC Vietnamese make up the bulk of the rest. THE GREAT BOOM AND PANIC, by by as little as 20% of the cost of the stock, AID's Joseph Grainger was kidnapped Robert T. Patterson, henry regnery co., with the money for that 20% having been ob- en route to a sugar cane agricultural ex- CHICAGO, ill., $6.50. tained from money borrowed at the bank. perimental station in August 1964. He When the stock market crashed in the fall Far from happening overnight, the panic was bound, manacled and kept prisoner of 1929, it wiped out the speculative fortunes occurred over several weeks, starting on in a cave by the Viet Cong for five of millions of Americans and ushered in Wednesday, September 4, 1929, and continu- months. He escaped, but was shot and what would be a decade of financial ruin, ing, with seesawing action each day, until sacrifice and humiliation for most. Wednesday, November 13, when the market killed by the VC. AID's Gus Hertz was Seeking to answer the questions: "What reached the lowest point of the panic. It kidnapped in February 1965, and is still happened during the boom and panic?" and then turned upward again and continued up missing. Ralph Owens, an AID public "What caused them?" the author has added until April 1930, at which time it turned safety adviser, was ambushed and mur- to his own views of that period by referring down and continued down, in three different dered on November 5, 1961. The efforts to the written recollections and opinions of phases, until it reached its all-time low in of these and others have been construc- many of those who were closely associated March 1933. tive. with the market at the time, as well as The story of those days of trading; of the The American attitude was stated by presenting the theories of scholars of the fortunes made and lost; the bulls and bears; President Johnson: period. the tycoons and the small speculators; the Though economists differ on the impor- efforts of the banks and financial titans to "The third face of war in Vietnam is, tance of various influences that brought on stem the tide, and the influence of the mar- at once, the most tragic and most hope- the panic, most of these influences were as- ket on the world situation and the world ful. ... It is the untended sick, the hun- sociated with the one dominant influence, situation on the market make fascinating gry family, and the illiterate child. It is inflation—an unwarranted increase in cur- reading. Especially if you believe, as Mr. men and women, many without shelter, rency and bank credit. Credit was so exten- Patterson does, that it could all happen with rags for clothing, struggling for sur- sive that some margin accounts were covered again, gsh vival in a rich and fertile land.

"It is not enough to just fight against something. People must fight for some- Nelson's Encyclopedia of Pro Football, Middle English Readings In Translation, thing, and the people of South Vietnam by Bill Wallace, thomas nelson & sons, by Francis X. Corrigan. the Christopher must know that after the long, brutal NEW YORK, N.Y., |6.50. PUBLISHING HOUSE, BOSTON, MASS., $6.50. journey through the dark tunnel of con- The story of pro football, from its early A collection of Middle English readings and difficult beginnings to its present-day from Medieval times presented in modern flict there breaks the light of a happier ." triumph as a spectator sport, with plays and English, giving a picture of the life and times day. . . players outlined, plus a 106-page section of of Medieval Europe, particularly of Me- Meanwhile, nothing is simpler than statistics on both leagues through 1963. dieval England. the answer to the question : Why have the Viet Cong been able to commit their bar- Gemini, America's Historic Walk In Kennedy and the Press, edited by Harold barities the South Suffi- on Vietnamese? Space, by United Press International. W. Chase and Allen H. Lerman. thomas cient military and police powers have prentice-hall, inc., englewood cliffs, Y. CROWELL CO., NEW YORK, N.Y., $10. been lacking so long as the South Viet- n.j., $2.95. A compilation of all of the late President namese had to defend themselves while A record, in photos and text, of the his- John F. Kennedy's dialogues with the press, North Vietnam constantly reinforced toric June 1965 Gemini 4 flight by Astro- official and extempore, at news conferences nauts A. McDivitt and H. held from 1961, to November 14, and resupplied the Viet Cong. With the James Edward January 25, White II. 1963. military defeat of the Viet Cong, the ter- ror will end. the end

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 51 ! ! 6 _

"JOHN F. KENNEDY" 1964-P MINT SET G,FT *°W...A GREM tR THAN

1

Please send me- END OF AN ERA! The silver coins we have known will no longer be minted... the silver in the Kennedy half dollar reduced to Name

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MAN MADE Titania jewels sparkle like real diamonds, cost just $12 per carat. In 14- Live delivery guaranteed. carat gold Blue Isle setting (above), $32; Only $18.95 express collect. matching band, $11. No federal tax. Titania Mail check or money order for $18.95 to: jewels cut to fit your own jewelry. Write for ANIMAL FARM, Oept.L-25, Box 1042, Miami Beach 39, Fla. free ring size chart, catalog. Regent Lapi- dary Co., Dept. 126, 511 E. 12th St., New fowoe York. N.Y. 10009 FOLDING TABLES t0 DIRECT-from-FACTORY • Folding and Stacking Chairs savings, quality equip- CURE MORE ment and complete Storage Trucks • selection have made • Risers and Stages modern Monroe Folding • Roam Partitions Tables FIRST CHOICE GIVE MORE to with organizations the world over! Also big savings on chairs, storage trucks, risers, AMERICAN partitions, etc. Send today for your FREE 40-page catalog! CANCER SOCIETY THE MONROE CO. 69 Church Street Colfax, Iowa 50054 CLIP-ON MAGNIFIERS. Planned for those people who already wear prescription- Step in. made glasses (not bifocals) but who have trouble reading small print. They clip right onto regular eye glasses and magnify. Guaranteed to please or money back. $4 Steam 20 a pair, ppd. Precision Optical Co., Dept. luxurious AL-11, Rochelle, Illinois. minutes.

Step out Fantastic Savings on NEW relaxed, fresh - ACCORDIONS OFF feeling SAVE UPTO M OFF PRICES OF COMPARABLE ACCORDIONS 40 New Models—EasyTerms like new Justarrived! Morethan 40excitirg new models! Many new electronic accordions— amplifiers! Packed For Tall or Big Men Only with new ideas, new styling, new A features! Buy direct from world's YOU'LL REVEL IN NUSAUN ' STEAM exclusive accordion We specialize in large sizes only. Sleeves up largest BATHS at home! Heat relaxes you, soothes dealer! Importer- To -Yon Prices! Easy Terms; LOW DOWN PAY- 38" . . 4" to . Bodies cut longer. Large nerves, stimulates circulation and elimina- MENT. FREE BONUS GIFTS for selection of McGregor Jackets, Sweaters promptness in orderinK.Trade-infl tion. A joy to own. Superb quality. All MONEY BACK GUARANTEE welcomed-FREE Color Catalogs! Sport and Dress Shirts, Slacks, Robes, etc. smooth, durable fibre-glass. Easy to move. Accordion Corporation of America, Dept.A-115 Plugs in wall outlet— no plumbing! Try it 10 J All proportioned for big and tall men only 5S3S W. Belmont Ave., Chicago 41, III. I days-our risk. MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE. Send Free Catalogs—Big Discount Price List. PLUS 70 SHOE STYLES 10-16 AAA-EEE. J Sold by mail only. 100% guarantee. Send Write for FREE Folder! NAME ADDRESS for FREE Color Catalog. King-Size, Inc., O^cdtl^C^A EQUIPMENT CO. cm _ .ZONE STATE. 3011 Forest St., Brockton, Mass. Bottle Creek 4, Michigan 4901 D Check here if yon have a Trade-in.

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 WHITE GIANT itPOLE AND ^FLAGSET

This section is presented as a service to readers and VALUES

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The Last "Complete" Silver Set Minted! Personalized 1964 U.S. MINT SET with the John F. Kennedy Half Dollar, in attractive, sparkling Lucite display holder. Den-Shur This year make it a Christmas gift that's different and valuable. Ideal, too, for grad- uation, birthday, confirmation, anniversary. Cup -MM etc. Ppd. Now you can give valuable platework a soothing $295 bath without harmful scrubbing or scouring that

- often dislodges metal fittings. Dentist-designed, WALKIE-TALKIE, fully transistorized; 35 2 10 sets $ 27.50 this new can with in. telescope antenna for mile-long range. cup be used any denture 65.00 Press button to speak, release to listen. cleanser. Opaque plastic, inscribed with any 1st 25 sets name to 10 letters. Spillproof, water- Complete with battery, carrying case: m 50 sets 122.50 $9.95 each; $19.95 a pair. Add 500 each tight, unbreakable, with hinged lid. t I 00 * . 100 sets 235.00 for postage and handling. Vanguard Dis- Fits any bridge or plate. I ppd. count Sales, Dept. E-14, 605 Third Ave., SELECT VALUES, Dept. a l-? Brilliant uncirculated I964-P Mint Set of coins New York, N.Y. 10016 displayed and contained in permanent, see-thru 30-68 Steinway St., Long Island City 3, N. Y. lifetime holder. Value has been increasing steadily. Start investing now. Sold with money- PULL HAIR back guarantee. Send check or money order 1963 mint set— 4.00 1962 mint set— 4.50 DON'T FROM NOSE 1961 mint set— 5.25 1960 mint set— 5.85 May Cause Fatal Infection 1959 mint set— 6.25 1958 mint set—10.25 1957 mint set—10.50 1956 mint set—11.00 Use the KHPLFTTF Rotating , Hollis ULirtllE Scissors A All 9 Sets (1956-1964), only $54.95 REG. U.S. PAT. OFF SUPERIOR COIN CO. (DEPT. AL-8) 34 E. 12th St., N.Y. 3, N.Y. GR 7-5780 You can cause serious in fection by pulling hair Diner's Club members may from nose. Ordinary scis- charge to their accounts. sors are also dangerous and impracticable. No better way to remove hair from nose and ears than with KLIPETTE. Smooth safe, gentle, , efficient. Rounded J points can't cut or prick skin. WRITE IN THE DARK with automatic ball- point pen that fully illuminates writing HOLLIS CO. • 1133 Broadway, New York 10, N. Y. • Depf.M-90 Enclosed area. Gold metal finish. Ideal for young, is $1.00 for KLIPETTE. If I am not entirely satisfied, I may return it within 10 days for refund. old; businessmen; housewives. Rite-Lite Pen, $5.95, ppd. and with battery included. (4% tax, California only.) G-Tro Industries, FORDS and DODGES 1432-AP Crestview Court, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024 All are 4 door with automatic transmissions, good tires These cars have been carefully maintained by iheir former owners. N.Y. taxi fleet oper- ators. No different than regular passenger cars Shipping arranged for you for $50. plus gas and oil. You may come in and pick anyone you like

SEPTIC TANK TROUBLE? NORTHEL Reactivator works to keep septic tank and cesspool clean. A bacteria concentrate breaks up solids and photos and catalog J- NOW-YOU can make the truly modern conversation grease—works to pre- pieces - the breathtaking!/ beautiful sofas, armchairs, Why not profit by this vent overflow, back-up, ottomans, built-ins, headboards, cornices seen in amazing buy Phone color photos in HOUSE BEAUTIFUL, AMERICAN HOME or write Vic Lang odors. Regular use can AND SUNDAY MAGAZINES. Make slipcovers, draperies, cushions. Work on home furnishings, cars, boats, save costly pumping or trailers! Learn MODERN UPHOLSTERY AND YOU CAN digging. Simply mix dry powder in water, MAKE MONEY TEN DIFFERENT WAYS! FAST, EASY, AT HOME, NO OVERHEAD! Card or letter to: flush down toilet. Non-poisonous, non- MODERN UPHOLSTERY INSTITUTE Box 899- NO, Orange, California caustic. Money back guarantee of satis- faction. ALSO AVAILABLE 1964 FORDS • DODGES S699 Six months' supply, $3.35 ; full NAME year's supply only $6.00, postpaid. ST. & N0._ ASSOCIATED AUTO WHOLESALERS CORP. NORTHEL DISTRIBUTORS. AL-11 I 194 Lauman Lane Fll Htcksville. N.Y. 11801 • Phone 516 GE 3-2460 P.O. Box 1103, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55440

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 55 SHORT CHANGE I've had too much PARTING Of needing to clutch SHOTS jot And eke out each and each tittle To keep half alive. In other words, I've Had much too much of too little. Berton Braley

BUMPY RIDE Then there was the economics prof, who rode to class each day on a business cycle. Giles H. Runyon

WHAT PRICE GLAMOR? Creaming my face, and setting my locks Are a part of my nightly endeavor. To be a thing of beauty is Indeed a job forever. Kathryn Gelander TRANSFORMATION It takes just a little wile for a girl to make a husband out of a bachelor. Dan Bennett FEWER, ANYHOW It's not because of the paste I use, Or the brushing above and beneath. "Good . . . Now let's try for the same speed with a little more dignity." It's true that I've fewer cavities,

But then, I have fewer teeth. Richard Armour HEAVENLY HAND MASHIE GROWING MARKET The old minister was, without question, the world's worst golfer. One The reducing-pill makers thrive on day, on a fairly long, straight hole he uncorked a towering drive dead girls who have too much of everything. to the pin. The ball hit the hard turf and began rolling. As if it were H. E. Martz drawn on by a magnet, it continued to roll. The ball reached the apron> crossed it, then headed over the green HAIL, AND FARE BADLY straight for the flag. With its last shudder of momentum it dropped Taxis always seem to be, into the cup. Going someplace without me. The astounded clergyman turned his eyes supplicatingly toward heaven. G. T. Robey, Jr. - "Father, please,' he pleaded, "I'd rather do it myself!" Don B. Grossberg THAT'S THE HILL OF IT Not many of us can move mountains, SNAP COURSE SNAFU the best we can do is throw an occasional The student was explaining his poor grades to his irate father. "You bluff. S. S. BlDDI.E just can't beat the system. Dad. Last year I decided to take basket

weaving. It's a snap course. I figured I would sail through it. Know what happened?" With a sigh of resignation his father said, "No. What happened?" "Well—two Navajos enrolled, raised the class average, and I flunked." Joseph Salak

PERENNIAL BATTLE "I remember my wedding clay so distinctly," the elderly bookkeeper told

the young cashier. "I brought my bride home to the little house I had bought, carried her over the threshold and said 'Honey, this is your world and this is my world'."

"And I suppose you both lived happily ever after?" queried the younger man. "Well, not exactly," replied the other grimly. "We've been fighting for the world's championship ever since." F. G. Kernan

TRIPLE PLAY "Why does it take three of you guys to change a burnt out light bulb," asked the foreman. "Well," retorted the assistant, "Jim holds the bulb while Frank and I turn the ladder." . . . And if it's a boy, you pick out the Steve M. Noca name and I'll pick out the alias!"

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1965 4 Magnificent Thoroughbred Paintings

Reproduced for Your Home or Office

ROYAL EMPEROR CHALLENGER

Superb, large 14x18 Reproductions in Glorious Color—ready to hang One for $1 or all four prints for $3

Imagine hanging these superb masterpieces in your own home or office. These stunning Thoroughbreds will add a dramatic sense of beauty and action to any room. Painted in rich and glorious colors, these large 14 x 18 pictures must be seen to be appreciated.

The small illustrations above can not possibly show you the RIDGEWOOD PRODUCTS, DEPT. AL-11 beauty and majesty captured by the artist. Only when you re- Art Masters Division ceive your large full color prints will you appreciate the true 23 W. 47lh St., New York, N.Y. 10036 spirit and grandeur of these Thoroughbred paintings. Please send me the full color Thoroughbred prints checked below at $1 each, or all 4> for $3 on full money back guarantee if I am not delighted. THIS OFFER WILL NOT BE REPEATED CHECK BOX ' Commander Thoroughbreds II Royal Emperor Challenger We urge you to order your full color Thoroughbred reproductions Enclosed is $ now while the supply lasts. Order today and hang them in your Name or office for one full week. If you are not thrilled and home Address to delighted at the majesty and beauty they add your home or City State Zip office, return for full money refund. This offer will not be repeated SAVE! SPECIAL OFFER: Order 2 complete sets of all in The American Legion Magazine. 4 prints for only $5. Extra set makes perfect gift. Chesterfield People:

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