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Die Ohr-Region Der Paulchoffatiidae (Multituberculat A, Ober-Jura)

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Die Ohr-Region Der Paulchoffatiidae (Multituberculat A, Ober-Jura) DIE OHR-REGION DER PAULCHOFFATIIDAE (MULTITUBERCULAT A, OBER-JURA) von Gerhard HAHN· INHALT Seite Übersicht, Abstract, Resume .......................................................................................... 156 Einleitung .................................... ...... ..... ............... .................................................... 156 Material .................................................................................................................. ... 157 Paulchoffatiidae, gen. et sp. indet. .................. ............ .............. ............ ............ ........... 157 Pseudobolodon oreas HAHN, 1977 ............................................................................... 158 Pseudobolodon n. sp. ................................................................................................ 158 Kuehneodon dryas HAHN, 1977 ................................................................................... 159 ?Paulchoffatia delgadoi KÜHNE, 1961 ........................................................................... 159 Anatomie .................................................................................................................... 160 Orientierung und Nomenklatur .................................................................................... 160 Ventral-Ansicht ........................................................................................................ 162 Occipital-Ansicht ...................................................................................................... 166 Dorsal-Ansicht ......................................................................................................... 167 Lateral-Ansicht ......................................................................................................... 170 Merkmals-Bewertung ..................................................................................................... 170 Zur systematischen Stellung des Morrison-Petrosums .......................................................... 174 Ohr-Region und Hinterhaupts-Region der Paulchoffatiinae .................................................... 175 Zusammenfassung .. ........................ ..... .............. ................. ..................... ....... .............. 177 Summary .................................................................................................................... 179 Conclusions .......................................................................................................... ....... 180 Dank ........................................................................................................................... 182 Literatur ............................. ................................................ ........... ............................... 182 Tafel-Erklärungen ........................................................................................................... 183 * Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie der Philipps-Universität, Universitäts·Gebiet Lahnberge, Hans-Meerwein·Straße, D·3550 Marburg. Schlüssel-Wörter: Multituberculata, Paulchoffatiidae, Petrosum, Ober-Jura, Portugal. Key-words: Multitubercu'lata, Paulchoffatiidae, Petrosal, Upper Jurassie, Portugal. Mots-cles: Multituberculata, Paulchoffatiidae, PHreux, Jurassique superieur, Portugal. Palaeoverlebrata, MontpeIlier, 18 (3): 155-185, 1 fig., 2 tab .. 11 pI. (Reyu le 9 Oetohre 1987 ,accepte le 2 Novembre 1987. publie le 15 Novembre 1988) 156 ÜBERSICHT Das Petrosum der Paulchoffatiidae HAHN, 1969 wird beschrieben und mit demjenigen jüngerer Multituberculaten und dem anderer mesozoischer Säugetiere verglichen. Das "Morrison petrosal", beschrieben von Prothcro (1983), wird gleichfalls diskutiert; es gehört wahrscheinlich zu den Multituberculaten. Die von Hahn (1987) entworfene Rekonstruktion der Ventral-Seite des Paulchoffatiinae-Schädels wird ergänzt um die Ohr-Region und die Hinterhaupts-Region. ABSTRACT The petrosal of the Paulchoffatiidae HAHN, 1969 is described and compared with that of younger multituberculates and of other Mesozoic mammals. The "Morrison petrosal", described by Prothero (1983), is also discussed; it probably belongs to the multituberculates. The reconstruction of the ventral side of the Paulchoffatiinae-skull, given by Hahn in 1987, is completed by addition of the otic and the occipital region. Le petreux de Paulchoffatiidae HAHN, 1969 est decrit et compare avec celui de multitubercules plus recents et d'autres mammiteres mesozorques. Le "Morrison petrosal" decrit par Prothero (1983) est egalement discute; il appartient probablement 11 un multitubercule. La reconstruction de la face ventrale du cranc des Paulchoffatiinae pr6sent6e par Hahn en 1987 est completee par la region otique et l'arriere­ crane. EINLEITUNG In Hahn (1987) konnten einige wesentliche Bereiche am Schädel der Paul­ choffatiinae HAHN, 1971 aus dem Unter-Kimmeridgium Portugals (Grube Guimarota bei Leiria) neu beschrieben bzw. re-interpretiert werden, so die Gaumen-Region, Jochbogen und Jugale sowie die Schädel-Basis. Es war möglich, den Schädel der Paulchoffatiinae in Ventral-Ansicht weitgehend zu rekonstruieren. Ausgespart blieben noch die Ohr-Region und die Hinterhaupts-Region. Die Analyse des Petrosums wird hiermit vorgelegt. Als Basis der Bearbeitung dient die vortreffliche Darstellung dieser Schädel-Region an den Kreide-Multituberculaten aus der Gobi und den U.S.A. durch Kielan-Jaworowska et alii (1986), mit deren Hilfe nun das weitaus schiecher erhaltene Guimarota-Material interpretiert werden kann. Die in Hahn (1969) gegebene erste Teil­ Analyse des Paulchoffatiiden-Petrosums wird damit ergänzt bzw. berichtigt. Die von Hahn (1987) vorgenommene Schädel-Rekonstruktion kann nunmehr vervollkommnet werden. Die Darstellung der Ohr-Region fußt auf den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen am Petrosum. Die Darstellung der Hinterhaupts-Region hingegen mußte weitgehend aus Hahn (1969) übernommen werden, da neues geeignetes Material nicht aufgefunden werden konnte. Sämtliche hier beschriebene Schädel-Reste werden nach· Abschluß der Bearbeitung der Guimarota-Multituberculaten unter den Katalog-Nummern VJ. 110- 155,399-155,450-155,460-155 und 467-155 im Museu des Serviqos Geologicos in Lissabon / Portugal aufbewahrt. 157 MATERIAL Es liegen insgesamt 5 Petrosa von Paulchoffatiidae zur Untersuchung vor. Nur eines von ihnen ist isoliert erhalten und von allen Seiten zugänglich. Die übrigen befinden sich im Kontakt zu anderen Schädel-Knochen und sind nur von einer oder von 2 Seiten sichtbar. In Tabelle 1 ist zusammengestellt, welche Seiten bei den einzelnen Exemplaren beschrieben werden können. Keines der vorliegenden Petrosa zeigt die schöne Erhaltung, wie sie bei dem Material von Kermack (1963), Kermack et alU (1981) und Kielan-Jaworowska et alU (1986) vorliegt. Die Foramina sind bei den Paulchoffatiidae aus der Grube Guimarota im Regelfall mit kohliger Matrix gefüllt, die auch Teile der Knochen-Oberfläche bedeckt und nur teilweise entfernt werden konnte. In anderen Bereichen ist die Knochen-Oberfläche zerstört, wesentliche Details sind nicht mehr zu beobachten. Schließlich weisen die Petrosa - wie die meisten Schädel-Reste aus der Grube Guimarota - mehr oder weniger starke postmortale Verdrückungen auf. Diese haben vor allem die Region des Sulcus facialis betroffen, der eine schwächezone darstellt und bei keinem Exemplar noch vollständig erhalten ist. Bedingt durch diese Beeinträchtigungen kann die Deutung nicht an allen Stellen so zweifelsfrei erfolgen, wie es wünschenswert wäre, und Fehlinterpretationen an der einen oder anderen Stelle sind nicht überall auszuschließen. TAXON Katalog- ventral occipital dorsal lateral Nummer Paulchoffatiidae, gen. et sp. indel. VJ.467-155 + + + + Pseudobolodon oreas HAHN, 1977 VJ.460-155 + + Pseudobolodon n. sp. VJ.450-155 + + Kuehneodon dryas HAHN, 1977 VJ. 399-155 + ?Paulchoffalia delgadoi KÜHNE, 1961 V.J. 110-155 + + Tabelle 1. - Zusammenstellung der 5 vorliegenden Petrosa von Paulchoffatiidae HAHN, 1969 mit den jeweils sichtbaren Flächen. Paulchoffatiidae, gen et sp. indet. (Taf. 1,6,'8, 10) Es handelt sich um ein isoliertes rechtes Petrosum, V.J. 467-155, von etwa 5 mm Länge im vorliegenden Zustand. Es ist damit um mehr als die Hälfte kürzer als das Petrosum von ?Catopsalis joyneri SLOAN & VAN VALEN 1965 aus der Ober-Kreide Nord-Amerikas, das Kielan-Jaworowska et alii (1986) beschrieben haben. V.J. 467- 155 ist das beste vorliegende Exemplar; es ist nur wenig verdrückt. Jedoch ist der vordere Abschnitt unvollständig erhalten. Das Promontorium ist vorn aufgebrochen, der Bereich der Fossa semilunaris ist weitgehend zerstört, der Bereich des Sulcus facialis vor dem Foramen nervi facialis fehlt. Von der Region des "Porus acusticus internus" sind nur Reste erhalten. Auf den hinteren Abschnitt der Dorsal-Fläche ist ein Stück der abgerissenen und umgebogenen Schädel-Basis aufgeschoben und erhalten geblieben. Es handelt sich dabei um Reste des Basisphenoids (bs) und der Foramina carotica (fct), der Pterygoide (pt) und des Vomers (v) (siehe Taf. 6, 8 und 10). Die ursprünglich ventral gerichtete Fläche dieser Knochen-Platte ist nunmehr nach oben, in dorsale 158 Richtung, gekippt und überdeckt den Hinterrand der Fossa subarcuata (fsa) und des Sinus prooticus (spo). Daß es sich tatsächlich um einen Rest der Schädel-Basis handelt, geht zweifellos aus dem Vergleich der Schädel-Basis von Pseudobolodoll oreas hervor (siehe Hahn 1981: Abb. la-b, Hahn 1987: Abb. 2). Die Lage-Beziehungen von Vomer und
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