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Sept Oct Cover Layout 06 8/11/06 4:14 PM Page 1 NHT Xd Loudspeaker System Software Changes Are Delivered Via E-Mail to Any Host Computer with a USB Connector
Sept Oct Cover Layout 06 8/11/06 4:14 PM Page 1 NHT Xd Loudspeaker System Software changes are delivered via e-mail to any host computer with a USB connector. Software is Manufacturer: NHT, 6400 Goodyear Road, Benicia, supplied by NHT to be loaded on the host computer. CA 94510; 800/648-9993; www.nhtxd.com This software is used to transfer the file in the email Price: 6-piece satellite/subwoofer system including to the XdA USB port. Updates are produced active electronics in a separate enclosure and approximately once a year. Soft keys on front panel dedicated stands, $6,000; extra XdW for stereo implement four possible boundary compensation subwoofer applications, $1,200; extra XdS, $900. modes for XdS woofer. These can be adjusted Source: Manufacturer Loan independently for each channel. As-configured Reviewer: David Arthur Rich crossover frequencies are at 110 Hz and 2.1 kHz. As-configured subwoofer output is mono for single Features and Notes: subwoofer. Unit has added electronics to support XdS satellite speaker: 1" aluminum dome stereo powered subwoofers. (3) 6 digital to analog tweeter with heat sink. Driver is directly connected converters (three for each channel). Two of the DAC to the banana jacks at the back of the speaker. 5.25" channels are assigned to drive a pair of subwoofers magnesium cone midrange unit with direct through balanced and single-ended outputs on the connections to the banana jacks at the back of the back of the XdA. Summation of subwoofer signals speaker. Molded composite acoustic-suspension for single subwoofer operation is set by a switch on enclosure. -
California State University, Northridge a Digital
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE A DIGITAL LOUDSPEAKER EQUALIZATION TECHNIQUE A graduate project submitted in pmiial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering By Colby J Buddelmeyer December, 2011 The project of Colby J Buddelmeyer is approved: Dr. Xiyi Hang Date Professor Benjamin F. Mallard Date Date California State University, Northridge 11 DEDICATION To my wife, Anna Pomerantz: Thank you for your support, encouragement, and patience. I could not have finished this journey without you. 111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Sean Olive, Allan Devantier, and the Harman International R & D Group for allowing me to use the HATS (Hannan Audio Test System) as part of my project. Their work has fmihered our understanding of listening and created tools to revolutionize speaker design. I also want to thank Tim Prenta, Vice President of Acoustics and Kevin Bailey, Director of Mechanical Engineering at Hannan Consumer for their support of my project. They allowed me tin1e to pursue my Masters and gave me access to the tools and resources used to build this project. Their support made this project possible and I am in their debt. Special thanks also to my project advisor Dr. Ichiro Hashimoto for his mentming, encouragement, and friendship. His teachings will greatly influence the course of my future endeavors. Much appreciation goes out to Dr. Xiyi Hang and Professor Benjamin Mallard for evaluating my project and being such great instructors. Thanks to Jolm Jackson for assisting me in taking measurements and providing guidance as to their meaning. Lastly, I wish to thank Brian Castro, Mark Glazer, James Hall, and Charles Sprinkle for sharing their knowledge of loudspeakers and DSP. -
The Acoustic Design of Minimum Diffraction Coaxial Loudspeakers with Integrated Waveguides
Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper Presented at the 142nd Convention 2017 May 20–23 Berlin, Germany This Convention paper was selected based on a submitted abstract and 750-word precis that have been peer reviewed by at least two qualified anonymous reviewers. The complete manuscript was not peer reviewed. This convention paper has been reproduced from the author's advance manuscript without editing, corrections, or consideration by the Review Board. The AES takes no responsibility for the contents. This paper is available in the AES E-Library, http://www.aes.org/e-lib. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this paper, or any portion thereof, is not permitted without direct permission from the Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. The Acoustic Design of Minimum Diffraction Coaxial Loudspeakers with Integrated Waveguides Aki Mäkivirta, Jussi Väisänen, Ilpo Martikainen, Thomas Lund, Siamäk Naghian Genelec Oy, Iisalmi, Finland Correspondence should be addressed to Aki Mäkivirta ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Complementary to precision microphones, creating an ideal point source monitoring speaker has long been considered the holy grail of loudspeaker design. Coaxial transducers unfortunately typically come with several design compromises, such as adding intermodulation distortion, giving rise to various sources of diffraction, and resulting in somewhat restricted maximum output performance or frequency response. In this paper, we review the history of coaxial transducer design, considerations for an ideal point source loudspeaker, discuss the performance of a minimum diffraction coaxial loudspeaker and describe novel designs where the bottlenecks of conventional coaxial transducers have been eliminated. In these, the coaxial element also forms an integral part of a compact, continuous waveguide, thereby further facilitating smooth off-axis dispersion. -
Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker Operating Manual
Operating Manual AIW25 Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall Loudspeaker The Genelec AIW25 Active In-Wall loud- Installation This results in a precise and stable sound speaker system consists of a two-way image. loudspeaker enclosure and a matched Genelec recommends that you use the ser- If the AIW25 loudspeakers are used in an remote amplifier module, RAM2. It has been vices of an authorized installation special- application where their capability for precise designed to the same rigorous standards as ist or other competent and experienced sound imaging is needed, such as the front Genelec’s high-performance HT series active installation company for the installation of channels of a Surround Sound system or a Home Theater loudspeakers. No other in- the AIW25 system. Ask your local Genelec Stereo system, we recommend that the loud- wall loudspeaker in this size class can match dealer for recommended installation compa- speakers are placed as far away from cor- the low distortion, neutrality and high sound nies in your region. ners or other walls and reflective surfaces as pressure capability of Genelec AIW25. The possible. The loudspeakers should be placed AIW25 can be used in the most demanding Matching loudspeakers and symmetrically in relation to the listening posi- applications, like the main L-C-R array of a amplifiers tion and there should be no obstructions Home Theater system, critical Stereo listen- Each AIW25 loudspeaker has been factory between the loudspeaker and the listener. ing or rear/side channels of a medium sized, calibrated for optimum performance with the This guarantees clear dialogue in films and a state-of-the-art Home Theater. -
11.8 Loudspeaker Enclosures 11-71
11.8 Loudspeaker enclosures 11-71 11.8 Loudspeaker enclosures 11.8.1 Basics Often, cases guitar-amplifier and -speaker are mounted within the same enclosure (combo); alternatively, there is also the two-part piggy-back or stack design. From the multitude of sizes available on the market, Fig. 11.82 shows a small selection: predominantly, 10”- and 12”-speakers are found, occasionally also 15” (with 1” = 2.54 cm). The small combos almost always have a large opening in the rear while the larger enclosures are either of closed design or realized as ported box (bass-reflex). In the widest sense of the word, the enclosures open to the rear also represent a kind of bass-reflex system – albeit a very special one. Fig. 11.82: Loudspeaker enclosures; Membrane-diameters in inches The enclosure (or cabinet) makes a significant contribution to the sound generation. If it is airtight, it predominantly has the effect of an air-suspension to the membrane that increases the resonance frequency. Since this air-stiffness grows invers to the volume, a small enclosure would strongly increase the resonance frequency – it is presumably for this reason that small 5 2 cabinets mostly have an open back. The stiffness of air is sL = 1.4⋅10 Pa ⋅ S / V for adiabatic changes. In this formula, S is the effective membrane surface, and V is the net volume of the enclosure. For a 12”-speaker and a 50-litre-box, we calculate 9179 N/m – this approximately corresponds to the stiffness of the membrane. As an example: with such a mounting, the resonance frequency for a Celestion Blue would rise by 50%. -
Mth-2.5/42Bt
ElectroVoice® MTH-2.5/42BT Manifold Technology® Mid-bass/High-Fre quency Sound Reinforce ment System • Sonically improved lower midrange • 40° x 20° constant-directivity pattern • Smaller MT trapezoidal enclosure • Rotatable MB & HF horns • High acoustic output, low distortion • Manifold Technology® enables smaller and lighter loudspeaker arrays • MT systems with different coverage patterns and output capabilities may be mixed and matched • Unique rigging scheme for flexible array design and quick assembly SHOWN WITHOUT GRILL • Available without rigging hardware SPECIFICATIONS Third Harmonic, MTH-2.5/42BT is an active, two-way, horn Frequency Response (measured in far 200 Hz: 0.8% loaded, 40° x 20° constant-directivity system field, calculated to one meter on axis, 1,000 Hz: 1.3% with a trapezoidal enclosure, utilizing two high swept sine wave, one watt into mid-bass 3,000 Hz: 0.1% power mid-bass drivers in the mid-bass fre section, anechoic environment; see 10,000 Hz: 1 .4% quency band and two high-power compression Figure 1): Transducer Complement, drivers in the high-frequency band . Both the 150-20,000 Hz MB: Two DL 1OX 10-inch drivers, mid-bass and high-frequency horns may be Recommended Crossover Frequencies: 40° x 40° fiberglass horn rotated in the enclosure. This configuration 160 Hz, 1,600 Hz HF: Two DH1A variant compression results in remarkably high acoustic output from Efficiency, MB/HF: drivers; HP42S, 40° x 20° horn a small enclosure. The MTH-2.5/42BT may be 16/25% Impedance (see Figures 2 & 7), combined with other members of the MT-2B Long-Term Average Power-Handling Nominal, MB/HF: and MT-4B loudspeaker family. -
A Nearly Complete Case for the Horn Beginning with the Driver High
Earo High Definition Audio A nearly complete case for the horn This paper attempts to describe , in least complex scientific terms, the challenge of converting an electrical audio signal to an acoustic one. In doing so it also attempts to explain the rationale behind the principles of horn loading and why Earo bases most of its designs on this method. Beginning with the driver You are invited to join in on a jo urney that will take you to some insights on why speakers are designed they way they are and why old school wisdom can be combined with state of the art technology to create outstanding realism in audio reproduction. We need to begin where the rubber hits the tarmac, with the loudspeaker driver. It appears to be simple in concept and implementation, that’s deceptive as we will show. In the picture below we can structure the speaker into two significant section, the frame and the moving parts. The frame consis ts of the basket which is the driver chassis. It holds the magnetic circuit and the two flexible joints that allow the moving parts to move. The lower moving part both cent ers and acts as a return spring to the cone assembly. It is termed “spider” which is strange as it does not resemble one at all. At the other end of the cone is the other joint suitably termed the “surround” . We won’t dig too deep into the exciting world of the magnetic circuitry and will rest to say that regardles s of what source of magnetism is used, its purpose is to direct as much as possible of it into a circular airgap in which the voice coil moves. -
Xlt41e-64 Two-Way Multi-Angle / Pa System with 60° X 40° Hf Horn
XLT41E-64 TWO-WAY MULTI-ANGLE / PA SYSTEM WITH 60° X 40° HF HORN SPECIFICATIONS (See notes 1 and 2) Loudspeaker Type: 2-way, multi-angle / PA, bass ported Operating Range: 70 Hz - 18 kHz 70 Hz - 18 kHz (+/-5dB) Max Input (Passive): 200W continuous, 500W program 14.4 in. 40 volts RMS, 89 volts momentary peak Recommended Power Amp: 366 mm 420W to 600W @ 8 Ohms Max Inputs (Biamp): LF: (Same as for Passive mode) Recommended LF Power Amp: (Same as for Passive mode) HF: 50W continuous, 125W program 20 volts RMS, 45 volts momentary peak APPLICATIONS: Recommended HF Power Amp: 100W to 150W @ 8 Ohms • Theatres / Auditoria Sensitivity 1W/1m: 99 dB SPL (70 Hz - 18 kHz 1/3 octave bands) • Portable PA 97 dB SPL (250 Hz - 4 kHz speech range) • Houses of Worship Maximum Output: 122 dB SPL / 129 dB SPL (peak) • Clubs Nominal Impedance (passive): 8 Ohms • Bands Min Impedance: 5.2 Ohms @ 210 Hz Nominal Impedances (Biamp): LF: 8 Ohms, HF: 8 Ohms FEATURES: Nominal -6 dB Beamwidth: • 1" Titanium HF Driver 55° H (+9° / -8°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) 40° V (+1° / -5°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) • Switchable Passive / Biamp Modes Axial Q / DI: • 2 Position HF Level Switch 33 / 15.2, 2 kHz - 10 kHz • PowerSenseTM DDP Circuit with Front Indication Crossover Frequency: 2 kHz • Dual-position Floor Monitor or Upright PA Use Recommended Signal Processing: 60 Hz high pass filter Drivers: • Steel Handle and Steel Input Panel LF (1) 12", Ferrofluid-cooled • Choice of Black, White, or Unfinished Exterior HF (1) 1" exit, titanium diaphragm Driver Protection: PowerSense™ DDP DESCRIPTION Input Connection: (2) Neutrik NL4MP, (2) 1/4 in.jack The XLT41E is a small and versatile two-way full-range Controls: Passive / Biamp switch bass reflex loudspeaker system engineered for multiple 2 position HF level switch uses in club and performance public address. -
KHMA 200301.Indd
200301 FROM THE DESK OF URATOR’S Jim Hunter, Curator THE PRESIDENT CORNER Richard Groves, KHMA President Each year, hundreds of Klipsch fanatics make the trek to Hope, Arkansas to Donations & Acquisitions: celebrate Paul W. Klipsch and the speakers that produce the sound that has On February 14th, Brenda Jordan captured our emotions. We call this event “The Pilgrimage” and it’s taking donated a near mint Klipsch place March 19-21. This year’s Pilgrimage is being planned and managed Hobbit t-shirt. This is probably by Travis Williamson and Roy Delgado and includes components of the the second most desired Klipsch many adventurous projects to come for KHMA. A very special thanks to t-shirt, just behind the infamous Travis and the Museum Pilgrimage team for the hundreds of volunteer hours BS Klipschirt. It immediately went they have spent working to bring the Pilgrimage into the City of Hope. on display with our Klipschirt. Thursday, March 19: Dinner and listening session at the KHMA Thanks, Brenda! Education Center, sponsored by Klipsch. We also received a complimentary Friday, March 20: Tours at the Klipsch factory, followed by dinner copy of the new book, High Quality and a concert at the PWK Auditorium. Horn Loudspeaker Systems, by Saturday, March 21: Lunch and learn event with Chief Bonehead, Kolbrek and Dunker. Wow! The Roy Delgado at the KHMA Education Center, followed by dinner and history they have produced from a spin session that evening at the PWK Auditorium. Klipsch em- the Bell Labs Archives is amazing. ployees Mark Casavant and Matt Sommers are hosting. -
Public Address & Voice Alarm System Product Catalogue 2015
Public Address & Voice Alarm System Product Catalogue 2015 Speakers | Amplifiers | Audio Sources | Microphones | Controllers Extending Leadership Into Acoustic Excellence 2015 Honeywell International Inc. Extend leadership into acoustic excellence! Honeywell is a Fortune 100 company that invents and manufactures technologies to address tough challenges linked to global macro trends such as safety, security, and energy. With approximately 122,000 employees worldwide, including more than 19,000 engineers and scientists, we have an unrelenting focus on quality, delivery, - Cabinet Loudspeaker - value, and technology in everything we make and do. - Ceiling Loudspeaker - Honeywell Public Address & Voice Alarm products are manufactured by Honeywell Audiovisuals which specializes in acoustics and public address systems and provides customers a better public communication management - Horn Loudspeaker- solution for all occasions where sound is a major intermediary to spread information and a way to improve environmental conditions. Honeywell represents cutting-edge innovation, superior quality and uncompromising - Projection Loudspeaker - safety. No matter what you are looking for, extraordinary sound performance, easy installation and maintenance, cost effectiveness, or just one handsome looking design, Honeywell always has a choice up to your requirement. - Column Loudspeaker - - Pendant Loudspeaker- With an experienced team of experts researching, developing and testing in our fully equipped anechoic rooms, Honeywell Leadway series loudspeakers -
Microphones and Loudspeakers
A Tutorial on Acoustical Transducers: Microphones and Loudspeakers Robert C. Maher Montana State University EELE 217 Science of Sound Spring 2012 Test Sound Outline • Introduction: What is sound? • Microphones – Principles – General types – Sensitivity versus Frequency and Direction • Loudspeakers – Principles – Enclosures • Conclusion 2 Transduction • Transduction means converting energy from one form to another • Acoustic transduction generally means converting sound energy into an electrical signal, or an electrical signal into sound • Microphones and loudspeakers are acoustic transducers 3 Acoustics and Psychoacoustics Mechanical Electrical to to Acoustical Acoustical Psychological Acoustical Mechanical propagation to (reflection, to diffraction, Mechanical Electrical absorption, etc.) (nerve signals) 4 What is Sound? • Vibration of air particles • A rapid fluctuation in air pressure above and below the normal atmospheric pressure • A wave phenomenon: we can observe the fluctuation as a function of time and as a function of spatial position 5 Sound (cont.) • Sound waves propagate through the air at approximately 343 meters per second – Or 1125 feet per second – Or 4.7 seconds per mile ≈ 5 seconds per mile – Or 13.5 inches per millisecond ≈ 1 foot per ms • The speed of sound (c) varies as the square root of absolute temperature – Slower when cold, faster when hot – Ex: 331 m/s at 32ºF, 353 m/s at 100ºF 6 Sound (cont.) • Sound waves have alternating high and low pressure phases • Pure tones (sine waves) go from maximum pressure to minimum pressure and back to maximum pressure. This is one cycle or one waveform period (T). T 7 Wavelength and Frequency • If we know the waveform period and the speed of sound, we can compute how far the sound wave travels during one cycle. -
Xlt41 Two-Way Multi-Angle / Pa System with 90° X 40° Hf Horn
XLT41 TWO-WAY MULTI-ANGLE / PA SYSTEM WITH 90° X 40° HF HORN SPECIFICATIONS (See notes 1 and 2) Loudspeaker Type: 2-way, multi-angle / PA, bass ported Operating Range: 70 Hz - 18 kHz, 70 Hz - 18 kHz (+/-5dB) Max Input (Passive): 200W continuous, 500W program 40 volts RMS, 89 volts momentary peak Recommended Power Amp: 420W to 600W @ 8 Ohms 14.9 in. Max Inputs (Biamp): 379 mm LF: (Same as for Passive mode) Recommended LF Power Amp: (Same as for Passive mode) HF: 50W continuous, 125W program 20 volts RMS, 45 volts momentary peak Recommended HF Power Amp: 100W to 150W @ 8 Ohms Sensitivity 1W/1m: 97 dB SPL (70 Hz - 18 kHz 1/3 octave bands) 96 dB SPL (250 Hz - 4 kHz speech range) APPLICATIONS: Maximum Output: 120 dB SPL / 127 dB SPL (peak) Nominal Impedance (passive): 8 Ohms • Theatres / Auditoria Min Impedance: 5.2 Ohms @ 210 Hz • Portable PA Nominal Impedances (Biamp): LF: 8 Ohms, HF: 8 Ohms Nominal -6 dB Beamwidth: • Houses of Worship 80° H (+6° / -18°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) • Clubs 35° V (+8° / -3°, 2 kHz - 10 kHz) • Bands Axial Q / DI: 24.4 / 13.9, 2 kHz - 10 kHz Crossover Frequency: 2 kHz Recommended Signal Processing: 60 Hz high pass filter FEATURES: Drivers: LF (1) 12", Ferrofluid-cooled • Dual-position Floor Monitor or Upright PA Use HF (1) 1" exit, titanium diaphragm • 1" Titanium HF Driver Driver Protection: PowerSense™ DDP Input Connection: (2) Neutrik NL4MP, (2) 1/4 in. jack • Switchable Passive / Biamp Modes Controls: Passive / Biamp switch, 2 position HF level switch • 2 Position HF Level Switch Enclosure: Black carpet covered particle