Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 116 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 116 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 116 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 166 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 21, 2020 No. 218 House of Representatives The House met at 9 a.m. and was COVID VACCINE 300,000—and the number getting high- called to order by the Speaker. (Ms. JACKSON LEE asked and was er—Americans who are dying from the f given permission to address the House coronavirus. We have hope because there is a vac- PRAYER for 1 minute.) Ms. JACKSON LEE. Madam Speaker, cine. We have hope because we have a The Chaplain, the Reverend Patrick I join in the prayer of the Chaplain this President who recognizes science and, J. Conroy, offered the following prayer: morning. I believe it is important to again, the need for us to distribute the Lord of all creation, thank You for open this day of lifesaving relief with a vaccine in the most equitable, fair, and giving us another day. prayer to ask that our Congress comes free way. By that President, I mean We come before You again, O Lord, to one who will take office 1 month from together and stands in the face with implore Your blessing upon a nation now, Joe Biden. help on the way to dying Americans seeing continually high rates of infec- I do want to speak to the bill that from COVID–19, the families of those tion with COVID–19. Our hospitals are will be on the floor shortly. It is a who have died and those who are on the near breaking point in the availability good, bipartisan bill. As different from front lines fighting against this virus. bills that had been proposed on the of beds for those who are stricken. It is important that we help our Thank You again for those men and Senate side by the Republican leader, schoolchildren with educational dollars women of science who have developed it does things that his bill never did, and, as well, make sure that the vac- the vaccines now beginning to be dis- and that is that it addresses the food cines are going as fast as they can to tributed. This is a great sign of hope in needs of the American people. Maybe 15 the sites across America. the midst of so much suffering and million children are food insecure in I spoke to hospitals in my district, our country, and adults as well. fear. Lord, have mercy. smaller hospitals and community hos- Bless the Members of this House, and Millions of families are on the verge pitals that are still waiting for their of the Senate, as the omnibus and the of eviction, and this legislation ad- vaccine. We know that they want their coronavirus relief bills are presented dresses the rental needs and the short- frontline medical professionals to keep and considered today. Give them wis- term moratorium. We can accept a saving and serving the public. dom and generosity; increase their short-term because we will have a new So this is going to be a historic and President during the length of that trust that Your people in this Nation important day. We know it is not what will use the assistance coming their moratorium to extend it further if nec- we want in complete, but we know we essary. way to fuel a struggling economy. will be working into the new year to be May all that is done be for Your We also have in the legislation direct able to respond to the needs of the greater honor and glory. payments, which were not in the Re- American people helping our local gov- Amen. publican bill, to America’s working ernments and, as well, making sure families. I would like them to have f that those children who will be return- been bigger, but they are significant, THE JOURNAL ing to school and those teachers, as and they will be going out soon. The SPEAKER. Pursuant to section well, will be protected after they have The President may insist on having 4(a) of House Resolution 967, the Jour- the opportunity—the teachers, in par- his name on the check, but make no nal of the last day’s proceedings is ap- ticular—to have the vaccine. This is a mistake, those checks are from the proved. historic day. Let us work together. American people. The American peo- ple’s name should be on that check, no f f individual, because that is the source PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE RELIEF FOR THE AMERICAN of the resources for those checks—tax- PEOPLE The SPEAKER. Will the gentle- paying Americans. woman from Texas (Ms. JACKSON LEE) (Ms. PELOSI asked and was given In addition to that, the list goes on come forward and lead the House in the permission to address the House for 1 of some of the very positive things that Pledge of Allegiance. minute.) are on the bill—quite frankly, some of Ms. JACKSON LEE led the Pledge of Ms. PELOSI. Madam Speaker, I asso- them did not come to agreement until Allegiance as follows: ciate myself with your comments and yesterday—whether we are talking I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the those of our Chaplain, Father Conroy, about WRDA, the Water Resources De- United States of America, and to the Repub- that it is appropriate to start today velopment Act; a big jobs bill had bi- lic for which it stands, one nation under God, with a prayer, and every day, but espe- partisan support but some disagree- indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. cially a day when we are seeing over ment over language, but by the time b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. H7287 . VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:46 Dec 26, 2020 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21DE7.000 H21DEPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with HOUSE H7288 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE December 21, 2020 that was resolved, it pushed the bill In this legislation, we have a provi- lives. Many more, of course, have lost from coming to the floor later. sion for it to be developed, purchased, their jobs. We didn’t have, at the start of the and distributed in a way, again, that is Madam Speaker, we have approach- day, sick leave. That is in the bill, al- fair, equitable, and free. ing $1 trillion for the PPP; small busi- most $2 billion for sick leave. What we couldn’t get ever—even with ness, which I support all the way; and It didn’t have the EITC, the earned the previous legislation just on top, $150 billion or $160 billion for State and income tax credit, for working poor testing, et cetera—was the adequate local government, which enables the people to have that boost, as well as language to recognize that this private sector to function, which en- the child tax credit. It did not have the coronavirus has taken a horrible toll ables us to crush the virus, which en- employment retention tax credit—bi- on our whole country, more so among ables us to meet the needs of people. partisan support on WRDA and on that. people of color. People of color have Madam Speaker, $150 billion to $160 Then we came to agreement not only died from the coronavirus. billion versus well over $800 billion al- on the language, but where that initia- A child who was Hispanic had eight ready. How could that be right? Except tive would be placed in that. So many times more of a chance of going to the the Republicans insist on saying: We of these things need to be precisely hospital with the coronavirus than a don’t want to give money to blue written and assembled in order for a White child. If you are African Amer- States where the coronavirus is. bill to come to the floor, which we an- ican, there is five times more of a It is in red States, too. It knows no ticipate will be pretty soon this morn- chance of going to the hospital because borders and it knows no party, this vi- ing. of the coronavirus. So now we have a cious virus. But somehow, other Re- One of the things, though, that is dis- vaccine we hope will reach everyone as publicans have said to our heroes, our appointing because, for a long time soon as possible. healthcare workers, our teachers, our now, House Democrats and the Senate One item that I am heartbroken transportation, our police and fire, and have been saying we want to crush the about in this bill, though, is that, the rest—sanitation workers, so impor- virus and put money in the pockets of while we make an attempt to crush the tant; food, food, food—you are not wor- the American people. The title of our virus, we don’t do it adequately enough thy of support because perhaps you are bill before was about honoring our he- in terms of recognizing the toll on peo- in a blue State, predominantly, and, roes, our State and local workers who ple of color; but we will have to do that therefore, we undervalue your con- are on the front line.
Recommended publications
  • Songs by Artist
    Reil Entertainment Songs by Artist Karaoke by Artist Title Title &, Caitlin Will 12 Gauge Address In The Stars Dunkie Butt 10 Cc 12 Stones Donna We Are One Dreadlock Holiday 19 Somethin' Im Mandy Fly Me Mark Wills I'm Not In Love 1910 Fruitgum Co Rubber Bullets 1, 2, 3 Redlight Things We Do For Love Simon Says Wall Street Shuffle 1910 Fruitgum Co. 10 Years 1,2,3 Redlight Through The Iris Simon Says Wasteland 1975 10, 000 Maniacs Chocolate These Are The Days City 10,000 Maniacs Love Me Because Of The Night Sex... Because The Night Sex.... More Than This Sound These Are The Days The Sound Trouble Me UGH! 10,000 Maniacs Wvocal 1975, The Because The Night Chocolate 100 Proof Aged In Soul Sex Somebody's Been Sleeping The City 10Cc 1Barenaked Ladies Dreadlock Holiday Be My Yoko Ono I'm Not In Love Brian Wilson (2000 Version) We Do For Love Call And Answer 11) Enid OS Get In Line (Duet Version) 112 Get In Line (Solo Version) Come See Me It's All Been Done Cupid Jane Dance With Me Never Is Enough It's Over Now Old Apartment, The Only You One Week Peaches & Cream Shoe Box Peaches And Cream Straw Hat U Already Know What A Good Boy Song List Generator® Printed 11/21/2017 Page 1 of 486 Licensed to Greg Reil Reil Entertainment Songs by Artist Karaoke by Artist Title Title 1Barenaked Ladies 20 Fingers When I Fall Short Dick Man 1Beatles, The 2AM Club Come Together Not Your Boyfriend Day Tripper 2Pac Good Day Sunshine California Love (Original Version) Help! 3 Degrees I Saw Her Standing There When Will I See You Again Love Me Do Woman In Love Nowhere Man 3 Dog Night P.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Capitol Building
    CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER TEACHERTEACHER LLESSONESSON PLANLAN The Capitol BuildiNg Introduction The Capitol is among the most architecturally impressive and symbolically important buildings in the world. The Senate and the House of Representatives have met here for more than two centuries. Begun in 1793, the Capitol has been built, burnt, rebuilt, extended, and restored; today, it stands as a monument not only to its builders but also to the American people and their government. As George Washington said, public buildings in the Capitol city “in size, form, and elegance, should look beyond the present day.”1 This activity features images of the U.S. Capitol building — architectural plans and artistic renderings from its original design and subsequent expansion. Examining these images, students engage in class discussion and individual reflection, considering how a building itself might serve as a symbol and monument. Then, they draft images that capture their own interpretation of how a Capitol building should look. While intended for 8th grade students, the lesson can be adapted for other grade levels. 1 The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745–1799. John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor., Philadelphia, March 8, 1792. 1 TEACHER LESSON PLAN: THE CAPITOL BUILDING CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER TEACHER LESSON PLAN Estimated Time One to two class sessions National Standards National Standards for Civics and Government Content Standards, grades 5–8 II — What are the Foundations of the American Political System (D.1) United
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Resolution No
    2021 SESSION ENROLLED SENATE RESOLUTION NO. 91 ENROLLED Expressing the censure of the Senate. Agreed to by the Senate, January 27, 2021 WHEREAS, Senator Amanda F. Chase, a member of the Senate of Virginia since 2016, has exhibited conduct unbecoming of a Senator during her terms in office by displaying a disregard for civility in discourse with colleagues, making false and misleading statements both in committee and on the Senate floor, and displaying a disregard for the significance of her duty to the citizens of the Commonwealth as an elected representative in the Senate of Virginia; and WHEREAS, Senator Amanda F. Chase©s pattern of unacceptable conduct has been publicly displayed in a series of incendiary incidents during her tenure, including the following: 1. On March 22, 2019, Senator Chase berated a Capitol Police officer on duty when the Senator was not given access to a restricted parking area in front of the Capitol, reportedly stating, "Do you know who I am? . I©m Senator Chase . Don©t you see it on my license plate? . But I guess you don©t care." The report of the incident indicates that Senator Chase addressed the officer profanely and made offensive remarks regarding the Clerk of the Senate. Following the incident, Senator Chase suggested that the officer©s actions, which were in the normal course of duty, had been racially motivated in reaction to the Senator©s "white privilege"; and SR91ER 2. Senator Chase used her social media page to recklessly identify the names and office contact information of colleagues, Democratic and Republican, whose legislation and votes she disagreed with.
    [Show full text]
  • The Building As Completed, from Walter's Designs
    CHAPTER XVI THE BUILDING AS COMPLETED, FROM WALTER’S DESIGNS DWARD CLARK supervised the completion of the Capitol the old Senate Chamber being devoted to the court room and the west from the designs of Thomas U. Walter, leaving the building as front being used by the court officials for office and robing rooms.1 it stands to-day. The terraces on the west, north, and south are The attic story [Plate 223] is so arranged in each wing that the a part of the general landscape scheme of Frederick Law Olm- public has access from its corridors to the galleries of the House and Ested. The building consists of the central or old building, and two wings, Senate Chambers, with provision for the press and committee rooms or the Capitol extension, with the new Dome on the old building. facing the exterior walls of the building. Document rooms are also pro- The cellar [Plate 220] contained space on the central western vided on this floor. extension available for office and committee rooms. Other portions of Plates 224, 225, 225a show the eastern front of the building as the cellar are given up to the heating and ventilating apparatus, or are completed, the principal new features being the porticoes on the wings, used for storage. Beneath the center of the Dome a vault was built in which are similar to the central portico designed by Latrobe. Although the cellar to contain the remains of George Washington, but because of the original design of Thornton contemplated a central portico he did the objection of the family to his burial in the Capitol his body never not contemplate the broad flight of steps which extends to the ground rested in the contemplated spot.
    [Show full text]
  • Legislative Process Lpbooklet 2016 15Th Edition.Qxp Booklet00-01 12Th Edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 1
    LPBkltCvr_2016_15th edition-1.qxp_BkltCvr00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 2:49 PM Page 1 South Carolina’s Legislative Process LPBooklet_2016_15th edition.qxp_Booklet00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 1 THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS LPBooklet_2016_15th edition.qxp_Booklet00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 2 October 2016 15th Edition LPBooklet_2016_15th edition.qxp_Booklet00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 3 THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS The contents of this pamphlet consist of South Carolina’s Legislative Process , pub - lished by Charles F. Reid, Clerk of the South Carolina House of Representatives. The material is reproduced with permission. LPBooklet_2016_15th edition.qxp_Booklet00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 4 LPBooklet_2016_15th edition.qxp_Booklet00-01 12th edition 11/18/16 3:00 PM Page 5 South Carolina’s Legislative Process HISTORY o understand the legislative process, it is nec - Tessary to know a few facts about the lawmak - ing body. The South Carolina Legislature consists of two bodies—the Senate and the House of Rep - resentatives. There are 170 members—46 Sena - tors and 124 Representatives representing dis tricts based on population. When these two bodies are referred to collectively, the Senate and House are together called the General Assembly. To be eligible to be a Representative, a person must be at least 21 years old, and Senators must be at least 25 years old. Members of the House serve for two years; Senators serve for four years. The terms of office begin on the Monday following the General Election which is held in even num - bered years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Membership and Appointment Authority to Advisory Commissions, Boards, and Groups
    Congressional Membership and Appointment Authority to Advisory Commissions, Boards, and Groups Updated February 12, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL33313 Congressional Membership and Appointment Authority to Advisory Bodies Summary Over the past several decades, Congress, by statute, has established a wide array of commissions, boards, and advisory bodies to provide it with assistance in meeting various legislative, investigative, and administrative responsibilities. Some of these entities are temporary and created to serve specific functions, such as studying a discrete policy area or performing one-time tasks. Others are permanent, serving an ongoing purpose, such as overseeing an institution or performing a regular administrative function. The majority of these congressional bodies provide that Members of Congress, particularly the leadership, be intimately involved in the appointment process, either through direct service on a commission, or by appointing or recommending candidates for membership. The choice of a particular mechanism for membership appointment may have implications for the ability of these entities to fulfill their congressional mandates. Examination of the statutory language creating these bodies reveals several common approaches to membership selection. Each alternative schema has its advantages. For example, a commission or board composed entirely of Members permits a high degree of congressional control over the entity’s operations. Bodies composed mainly of qualified private citizens or executive branch appointees may provide a broader expertise than Member-only bodies. Assemblages of mixed membership provide some of the advantages of both Member and citizen-only appointment schemes. This report contains a compilation of existing commissions and boards that demonstrates the range of alternative membership-appointment structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Capitol Grounds (Revised 10/6/14)
    United States Capitol Police Guidelines for Conducting an Event on United States Capitol Grounds (Revised 10/6/14) The guidelines described below, in accordance with the Traffic Regulations for US Capitol Grounds, are to ensure that events held inside the boundaries of US Capitol Grounds, are conducted in a manner that protects public health and safety yet ensures that the Congressional community can fulfill its legislative responsibility. Demonstration activity is defined as any protest, rally, march, vigil, gathering, assembly or similar conduct engaged in for the purpose of expressing political, social, religious or other similar ideas, views or concerns protected by the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. Demonstration activity is allowed in designated areas as indicated on Attachment A: the “United States Capitol Grounds Demonstration Areas Map.” Prohibited Areas: Groups of any size are prohibited from demonstrating in the following areas: 1. Inside of any Congressional Buildings 2. On the steps of the United States Capitol 3. On the steps of any building on Capitol Grounds 4. In any area otherwise closed or restricted for official use 5. In roadways or any area routinely used for vehicular traffic 6. Prohibited areas as identified in the “United States Capitol Grounds Demonstration Areas Map.” The following conditions apply to all activities occurring on U.S. Capitol Grounds and permitted by the U.S. Capitol Police Board, to ensure: 1. The safety and convenience of all people who exercise their First Amendment right to free expression 2. The safety and convenience of all people visiting Congressional Office Buildings as well as the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Oversight Reform Proposals
    DOCURKNT RESUSE 06261 - [B16466691 Oversight Reform Proposals. June 8, 1978. 17 pF. * enclosure (1 pp.). Testimony before the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration; by Harry S. Havens, Lirector, Program Analysis Div. Contact: Proqraa Analysis Div. Congressional Relevance: Senate Conmittee on Rules and Administration. Authority: S. 2 (95th ConQ.). Deficiencies in the current congressional oversight process include incomplete coverage of the reauthorization process, inadequate attention to broad policy subjects, incomplete review coverage of Federal ;rograns and activities, and lack of clarity and specificity in statemants of the objectives of programs and activities. The key aleaent tc oversight reform is congressional commitment to better oversight and the establishmeat of a disciplined process for the revieu and study of Federal programs in the context of broad policy subjects. The proposed bill, S.2, would establish a mandatcry reauthorizing process for Federal Fprogras, but it would exempt some specific types of programs, including the major Federal income security and health financing programs and tax expenditures. The proposed legislation uculd schedule reauthorization and related reviews of a 6-year cycle in accordance with a timetable written into law; it would force action to reauhorize programs, grouped by budget subfunction, by specified dates and place a ban on future funding fcr programs not reauthorized by specified dates. The period of the authorization of new budget authority would be limited to 6 years. S.2 would base the reauthorization Frocess on a list of all activities of the Federal Government categorized by budget subfunction, establish a statutory schedule by kudget subfunction, provide that Frograms in the sane budget subfunction be acted upon in tne sane Congress, and reguire that an inventory of programs be developed and maiotained by the Conqressional Budqet Office.
    [Show full text]
  • The President's Reorganization Authority
    Order Code RL30876 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The President’s Reorganization Authority: Review and Analysis March 8, 2001 name redacted Specialist in Government Organization and Management Government and Finance Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress The President’s Reorganization Authority: Review and Analysis Summary Among the initiatives being promoted with the beginning of the Administration of President George W. Bush is that of renewing the President’s lapsed authority to submit reorganization plans to Congress. The general rationale offered for renewing this authority is that it would provide additional flexibility and discretion to the President in organizing the executive branch to promote “economy and efficiency” as well as his political priorities. The regular legislative route for considering presidential proposals involving organizational changes is deemed by reorganization authority supporters as being unduly slow and cumbersome. Thus, the proposal to permit the President to submit reorganization plans subject to mandatory congressional consideration with “fast track” procedures is viewed by the reorganization proposal’s proponents as a necessary reform for good government. Critics of the reorganization plan authority reject the arguments and assumptions behind the proposal and defend the efficacy and legitimacy of the regular legislative process for executive reorganization proposals. This report addresses three specific issues: (1) the historical basis and use of the President’s reorganization authority; (2) the factors contributing to the lapse of the President’s reorganization authority in 1984,1 and (3) thoughts on the future of reorganization in the executive branch. 1 It is worth noting that the Reorganization Act of 1977, as amended, remains “on the books,” but is not presently operative for execution as it expired on December 31, 1984.
    [Show full text]
  • Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions
    Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions Henry B. Hogue Specialist in American National Government March 11, 2015 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS21308 Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions Summary Under the Constitution (Article II, §2, clause 2), the President and the Senate share the power to make appointments to high-level policy-making positions in federal departments, agencies, boards, and commissions. Generally, the President nominates individuals to these positions, and the Senate must confirm them before he can appoint them to office. The Constitution also provides an exception to this process. When the Senate is in recess, the President may make a temporary appointment, called a recess appointment, to any such position without Senate approval (Article II, §2, clause 3). This report supplies brief answers to some frequently asked questions regarding recess appointments. Additional information on recess appointments may be found in other CRS reports: CRS Report R42329, Recess Appointments Made by President Barack Obama, by Henry B. Hogue and Maureen O. Bearden; CRS Report RL33310, Recess Appointments Made by President George W. Bush, by Henry B. Hogue and Maureen O. Bearden; and CRS Report RL33009, Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, by Vivian S. Chu. This report will be updated as events warrant. Congressional Research Service Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions Contents What Is the Purpose of a Recess Appointment? .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Songs by Title
    Songs by Title Title Artist Versions Title Artist Versions #1 Crush Garbage SC 1999 Prince PI SC #Selfie Chainsmokers SS 2 Become 1 Spice Girls DK MM SC (Can't Stop) Giving You Up Kylie Minogue SF 2 Hearts Kylie Minogue MR (Don't Take Her) She's All I Tracy Byrd MM 2 Minutes To Midnight Iron Maiden SF Got 2 Stars Camp Rock DI (I Don't Know Why) But I Clarence Frogman Henry MM 2 Step DJ Unk PH Do 2000 Miles Pretenders, The ZO (I'll Never Be) Maria Sandra SF 21 Guns Green Day QH SF Magdalena 21 Questions (Feat. Nate 50 Cent SC (Take Me Home) Country Toots & The Maytals SC Dogg) Roads 21st Century Breakdown Green Day MR SF (This Ain't) No Thinkin' Trace Adkins MM Thing 21st Century Christmas Cliff Richard MR + 1 Martin Solveig SF 21st Century Girl Willow Smith SF '03 Bonnie & Clyde (Feat. Jay-Z SC 22 Lily Allen SF Beyonce) Taylor Swift MR SF ZP 1, 2 Step Ciara BH SC SF SI 23 (Feat. Miley Cyrus, Wiz Mike Will Made-It PH SP Khalifa And Juicy J) 10 Days Late Third Eye Blind SC 24 Hours At A Time Marshall Tucker Band SG 10 Million People Example SF 24 Hours From Tulsa Gene Pitney MM 10 Minutes Until The Utilities UT 24-7 Kevon Edmonds SC Karaoke Starts (5 Min 24K Magic Bruno Mars MR SF Track) 24's Richgirl & Bun B PH 10 Seconds Jazmine Sullivan PH 25 Miles Edwin Starr SC 10,000 Promises Backstreet Boys BS 25 Minutes To Go Johnny Cash SF 100 Percent Cowboy Jason Meadows PH 25 Or 6 To 4 Chicago BS PI SC 100 Years Five For Fighting SC 26 Cents Wilkinsons, The MM SC SF 100% Chance Of Rain Gary Morris SC 26 Miles Four Preps, The SA 100% Pure Love Crystal Waters PI SC 29 Nights Danni Leigh SC 10000 Nights Alphabeat MR SF 29 Palms Robert Plant SC SF 10th Avenue Freeze Out Bruce Springsteen SG 3 Britney Spears CB MR PH 1-2-3 Gloria Estefan BS SC QH SF Len Barry DK 3 AM Matchbox 20 MM SC 1-2-3 Redlight 1910 Fruitgum Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemplating the Congressional Budget Process
    CONTEMPLATING THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET PROCESS Government is aptly compared to architecture; if the superstructure is too heavy for the foundation the building totters, though assisted by outward props of art.1 When the subject of the Congressional budget process arises a common and usually mildly exasperated complaint is often heard: “It is so complex.” The adjective “complex” is usually paired with other adjectives, sometimes adverbs, like “overly”2, “cumbersome”,3 “tedious,”4 “incoherent,”5 or “endlessly.”6 Even “maddeningly”7 has been used, though when this last has been employed, it has been unclear whether the meaning is that it incites anger or causes an impairment of cerebral functioning. The truth of the characterization is manifest: The current budget process system is, in fact, complex, but that, in itself, is not a flaw, fatal or otherwise. Many things are complex: Microcomputers, theoretical mathematics, Hegelianism and Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology all may be characterized as such. Even the primary governing document of the American Nation, the U.S. Constitution, is purposefully complex in its construction. In answering a query as to why 1 Though this quote is attributed to Benjamin Franklin from an article published in The Pennsylvania Gazette in April 1737, John Webbe has also been named as its author. Webbe was an essayist and publisher who was Franklin’s contemporary. The sentiment is valuable no matter who held the pen. See The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1960, vol. 2, pp. 145–146. 2 Brian M. Riedl , “What’s Wrong with the Federal Budget Process”; Backgrounder #1816 on Federal Budget, The Heritage Foundation, January 25, 2005.
    [Show full text]