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Thesis Template (Single-Sided) CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY MARIA ROYO BONO INTEGRATION OF GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE MODEL WITH DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR MARINE APPLICATION SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE TRANSPORT AND MANUFACTURING Thermal Power MSc Academic Year: 2016 - 2017 Supervisor: Suresh Sampath August 2017 CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE TRANSPORT AND MANUFACTURING Thermal Power MSc Academic Year 2016 - 2017 MARIA ROYO BONO INTEGRATION OF GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE MODEL WITH DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR MARINE APPLICATION Supervisor: Suresh Sampath August 2017 This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Thermal Power (NB. This section can be removed if the award of the degree is based solely on examination of the thesis) © Cranfield University 2017. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright owner. ABSTRACT The design of a marine propulsion system for naval application is challenging, since the high-performance requirements to accomplish a certain mission, usually do not agree with an efficient operation. For this reason, the development of alternative propulsion systems, such as the combination of different prime movers emerged. One of the most efficient arrangement is the CODAG configuration, which combines the use of diesel engines and gas turbines. In this way, the operating profile of a particular vessel can be optimised for high performance and low consumption. This project involves the development of a CODAG propulsion system model in order to optimise the operating profile of a specific vessel. The required power for a particular scenario has been obtained using a Matlab code. It integrates the performance of two high speed diesel engines and an aero-derivative gas turbine based on the GE-LM2500. A matching methodology has been generated to couple the prime movers and the vessels propulsive device. In addition, Turbomatch simulations have been executed to understand the influence of ambient temperature on the gas turbine performance and therefore, on the performance of the CODAG propulsion system. In the same way, the degradation of the gas turbine has been analysed. As a result, it has been built a tool that integrates the above-mentioned features capable of assessing the vessel’s fuel consumption for a given operating profile. The developed tool exhibits a great potential to optimise the performance of vessels with a CODAG propulsion system. Depending on the vessel requirements, the optimization could be among a wide range of possibilities. Also, different CODAG configurations, such as adding another gas turbine, or removing one diesel engines can be analysed. Keywords: CODAG, Diesel engine, Gas turbine, Fuel consumption, Integration, Engines- propeller matching i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My family for the psychological support throughout this intense year. Their encouragement gave me the strength to overcome all the difficulties that I have faced during my entire life. My family in Cranfield for all the shared moments, this year would not have been the same without having known all of you. My supervisor, Doctor Suresh Sampath, and his colleague, Amit Batra, for giving me the opportunity and help to develop my research project. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................... ii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................. viii LIST OF EQUATIONS ........................................................................................ ix NOMENCLATURE ............................................................................................. xi 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Aim and objectives .................................................................................... 2 1.2 Thesis structure ........................................................................................ 2 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................... 4 2.1 Marine propulsion plants evolution through history ................................... 4 2.2 Marine propulsion system selection .......................................................... 6 2.2.1 Marine propulsion system main components ..................................... 6 2.2.2 Marine propulsion system classification depending on the prime mover type .................................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 Factors that influence on the propulsion plant selection ..................... 9 2.3 Combined power plants .......................................................................... 10 2.3.1 COSAG: Combined steam turbine and gas turbine .......................... 11 2.3.2 COGAS: Combined gas turbine and steam turbine .......................... 12 2.3.3 CODAD: Combined diesel engine and diesel engine ....................... 13 2.3.4 CODOG: Combined diesel engine or gas turbine ............................ 13 2.3.5 CODAG: Combined diesel engine and gas turbine .......................... 14 2.3.6 COGOG: Combined gas turbine or gas turbine ................................ 16 2.3.7 CODLAG: Combined electric-diesel engine and gas turbine ............ 16 2.3.8 Combined propulsion plant comparison ........................................... 17 2.4 CODAG propulsion system prime movers .............................................. 20 2.4.1 Diesel engine ................................................................................... 20 2.4.2 Gas turbine ....................................................................................... 21 2.4.3 Prime movers comparison: diesel engine and gas turbine ............... 24 2.5 Marine gas turbine degradation .............................................................. 26 2.5.1 Recoverable and non-recoverable degradation ............................... 27 2.5.2 Degradation mechanisms ................................................................. 27 3 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................... 30 3.1 CODAG propulsion plant configuration ................................................... 30 3.1.1 Diesel engine ................................................................................... 30 3.1.2 Gas turbine ....................................................................................... 31 3.2 Marine vessel power prediction model .................................................... 32 3.2.1 Marine vessel selection .................................................................... 34 3.2.2 Hull resistance module ..................................................................... 35 3.2.3 Wake, thrust deduction and relative rotative efficiency..................... 40 iii 3.2.4 Screw propeller module .................................................................... 42 3.2.5 Shaft losses ...................................................................................... 46 3.2.6 Gearbox losses ................................................................................ 46 3.3 Turbomatch gas turbine model ............................................................... 48 4 ENGINES-PROPELLER MATCHING ........................................................... 51 4.1 Diesel engine-propeller matching ........................................................... 52 4.2 Gas turbine-propeller matching ............................................................... 54 5 OVERALL MARINE POWER PLANT PERFORMANCE ............................... 59 5.1 Theoretical background .......................................................................... 60 5.2 Ambient temperature effect ..................................................................... 63 5.2.1 Ambient temperature effect on the marine propulsion plant ............. 70 5.3 Gas engine degradation effect ................................................................ 73 5.3.1 Components degradation ................................................................. 74 5.3.2 Overall degradation effect ................................................................ 80 5.3.3 Degradation effect on the marine propulsion plant ........................... 84 5.4 Ambient temperature and engine degradation combined effect on the marine propulsion plant................................................................................. 87 5.5 Simulation of a vessel’s operating profile ................................................ 91 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMENDATIONS ................................................ 92 6.1 Recommendations .................................................................................. 95 REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 96 APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 99 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Chronological line of marine propulsion systems evolution .............. 6 Figure 2-2. COSAG components distribution ................................................... 12 Figure 2-3. COGAS components distribution
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