Puandesa Glossary and References Puandesa Glossary
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PUANDESA GLOSSARY AND REFERENCES PUANDESA GLOSSARY PUANDESA GLOSSARY Constraint: an obstacle which restricts action or prevents progress. Control: Access: in a development lexicon, control refers women and men’s opportunities to to the capacity to make decisions over a obtain or use resources (food, credit, resource or situation. technology etc.) or services (education, Decision-making: health etc.). control over a resource, including labor AIM: or development processes. Ikhtiar Trustee of Malaysia, micro- Development: financing agency funded by the a process through which women and Malaysian federal government. men, with varying degrees of external Ais-Ais: support, increase their options for local term for a type of seaweed diseases improving their quality of life. caused by low salt content in the DO: seawater. abbreviation for District Officer. BBEC: DOA: Borneo Biodiversity and Ecosystem abbreviation for the Department of Conservation Program, conducted with Agriculture. technical assistance from JICA. DOF: Beneficiary: abbreviation for Department of person and/or group of persons who Fisheries. benefit from a specific project, program DOVSAI: or other form of development and/or abbreviation for the Department of emergency intervention. Veterinary Services and Animal Bottom-up Approach: Industry. It means that interventions must always Empowerment: be planned and implemented with the A process through which women and participation of both women and men, men in disadvantaged positions increase and measured in terms of how such their access to knowledge, resources, interventions will affect people’s lives in decision-making power, and raise their ways that are meaningful to their awareness of participation in their priorities. communities, in order to reach a level of Buntui: control their own environment. Sabah local term for a kind of Yam EPU: common in the rural area. abbreviation for State Economic Capacity Building: Planning Unit, Sabah. a set of actions aimed at strengthening Equality: country officers, national counterparts the right of women and men to live as and NGOs involved in the free and equal human beings. implementation of projects in developing countries. PUANDESA GLOSSARY FAMA: equal seats in parliament, among others. abbreviation for Federal Agricultural Gender Equity: Marketing Authority. the fair distribution of resources and GAD: benefits between women and men, abbreviation for Gender and according to cultural norms and values. Development and an approach to Gender Gap: development based on the premise that the disparity (measured quantitatively) all policies, programs and projects between women and men, and girls and should reflect the needs, priorities, roles boys, in their access to resources, and the differential impacts of education, health, services or power. development processes on men and Gender Mainstreaming: women. gender is a dimension that has to be GDP: incorporated in all policies, and abbreviation for Gross Domestic development planning and process. It Product. should be mainstreamed and should not Gender: be considered as a separate issue. the difference between women and men Gender Sensitivity: within the same household and within understanding and consideration of and between cultures that are socially socio-cultural factors underlying and culturally constructed and change sex-based discrimination. over time. Gender Training: Gender Analysis: teaching activity aimed at developing a an analysis which explores and common understanding of gender highlights the relationships of women policies and concepts, as well as skills in and men in the society, and the targeting, beneficiary participation and inequalities in those relationships. monitoring of gender equality. Gender Awareness: Household Headed by Women: the recognition that the life experiences, a household in which the adult female(s) expectations, and needs of women and is the sole or main income earner and men are different, that many times, they decision-maker. involve inequity, and that they are IDS: subject to change. abbreviation for Institute for Gender Bias: Development Studies (Sabah). action against women (or men) based on Income: the perception that the other sex is not a gain usually measured in money that equal and does not have the same rights. comes from capital or labor, the amount Gender Equality: of such gain received by an individual in a term which reflects an equal sharing of a given period of time. power between women and men, in their INTAN equal access to education, health, Abbreviation for Institusi Tadbiran administrative and managerial positions, Awam Negara, Malyasia which means equal pay for work of equal value and Institute of National Public PUANDESA GLOSSARY Administration. MPWS: JHEWA: abbreviation for the Sabah Women’s abbreviation for the Department of Advisory Council. Women Affairs of the Ministry of NPA3: Community Development and abbreviation for the Third National Consumers, Sabah. Agricultural Policy. JICA: RM: abbreviation for Japan International abbreviation for Malaysian Ringgit. Cooperation Agency. NGO: JKKK: abbreviation for Non-governmental abbreviation for the Village Organization. Development and Security Committee. OISCA: Kampong: an NGO based in Japan that has Malay term for village. abundant experience in agricultural KPD: development. abbreviation for the Rural Development OPP3: Corporation, Sabah. abbreviation for the Third Outline KPLB: Perspective Plan. abbreviation for the Ministry of Rural OPPS: Development. abbreviation for the Outline Perspective KEMAS: Plan Sabah. abbreviation for the Community Ownership: Development Division, one of the major the right to possess, to have control over projects under the Ministry of National a resource. and Rural Development. Padi: KPWM: Malay term for Paddy. abbreviation for the Rural Women PACOS: Entrepreneurs Group supported by DOA abbreviation for Partners of Community Livelihood: Organizations, Sabah, one of the active means of support or subsistence; local NGOs in Sabah adequate stocks and flows of food and Participation: cash to meet basic needs. in a development lexicon, participation MAFI: refers to individuals, groups, abbreviation for the Ministry of communities and institutions taking part Agriculture and Food Industry, Sabah. in the decision-making process related MARA: to the development effort. abbreviation for the People Trustee PCM: Council. abbreviation for Project Cycle MARDI: Management, one of the methods of abbreviation for the Malaysian project management. Agricultural Research and Development PGN: Institutes. abbreviation for Practical Gender Needs, PUANDESA GLOSSARY the needs women and men have which Resource: arise from their gender roles, which are in the development lexicon, the term easy to identify such as health care, resource refers to what people use or employment, water, food. Addressing potentially may use in order to perform PGNs makes it possible for men and their activities, such as land, seeds, trees, women to carry out existing gender credit, technology, labor and services. roles more easily or effectively. Rural area: PKKM: according to the Dept. of Statistics abbreviation for the Malaysia Malaysia, “rural areas” includes all the Handicraft Development Corporation. areas which are not listed as “urban PKT: areas”, which are defined as “gazetted abbreviation for the Farm Family areas with their adjoining built-up areas Development Unit of DOA. which had a combined population of PLA: 10,000 or more at the time of the 2000 abbreviation for Participatory Learning population census.” and Action, one of the participatory Rural Women Entrepreneurs: tools. defined, in the Study, as “the women PLI: who were conducting economic abbreviation for Poverty Line Income. activities in the rural area individually or PRA: in a group, in which the women 1) play a abbreviation for Participatory Rural key role, 2) have responsibility for Appraisal, one of the participatory tools. decision making and 3) receive incomes Production: from the activities. the production of goods and services for SAP: income or subsistence. It is this work abbreviation for the Sabah Agricultural which is mainly recognized and valued Policy. as work by individuals and societies. SAWO: PUANDESA: abbreviation for the Sabah Women nickname of this Study and abbreviation Action Resource Group, one of the for “enhancing rural women active local NGOs in Sabah. entrepreneurs in Sabah” in Malay SCC: language. abbreviation for Sabah Credit Ramadan: Corporation. Muslim fasting month. Sex: Reproductive Activity: the biological characteristics of being the care and maintenance of the male or female that are genetically household and its members, such as determined. cooking, washing, cleaning, nursing, SGN: bearing children and looking after them, abbreviation for Strategic Gender Needs, building and maintaining shelter. This the needs women and men identify work is necessary but rarely considered because of unequal relations and of the same value as productive work. therefore, imply change in relationships PUANDESA GLOSSARY of power and control between women TEKUN: and men. TEKUN National Foundation, micro- Socialization: financing agency funded by the the transmission of ideas, beliefs, norms Malaysian federal government. and attitudes from generation to UN: generation. These are reinforced by abbreviation for the United Nations. institutions such as education, religion, Urban area: art and mass media. according to the Dept. of Statistics SPS: