Araneae: Zoropsidae)
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Ecology and Behavior of the Giant Wood Spider in New Guinea
Ecology and Behavior of the Giant Wood Spider Nephila maculata (Fabricius) in New Guinea MICHAEL H. ROBINSON and BARBARA ROBINSON SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 149 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Insti- tution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These pub- lications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other interested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available. -
2017 AAS Abstracts
2017 AAS Abstracts The American Arachnological Society 41st Annual Meeting July 24-28, 2017 Quéretaro, Juriquilla Fernando Álvarez Padilla Meeting Abstracts ( * denotes participation in student competition) Abstracts of keynote speakers are listed first in order of presentation, followed by other abstracts in alphabetical order by first author. Underlined indicates presenting author, *indicates presentation in student competition. Only students with an * are in the competition. MAPPING THE VARIATION IN SPIDER BODY COLOURATION FROM AN INSECT PERSPECTIVE Ajuria-Ibarra, H. 1 Tapia-McClung, H. 2 & D. Rao 1 1. INBIOTECA, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México. 2. Laboratorio Nacional de Informática Avanzada, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México. Colour variation is frequently observed in orb web spiders. Such variation can impact fitness by affecting the way spiders are perceived by relevant observers such as prey (i.e. by resembling flower signals as visual lures) and predators (i.e. by disrupting search image formation). Verrucosa arenata is an orb-weaving spider that presents colour variation in a conspicuous triangular pattern on the dorsal part of the abdomen. This pattern has predominantly white or yellow colouration, but also reflects light in the UV part of the spectrum. We quantified colour variation in V. arenata from images obtained using a full spectrum digital camera. We obtained cone catch quanta and calculated chromatic and achromatic contrasts for the visual systems of Drosophila melanogaster and Apis mellifera. Cluster analyses of the colours of the triangular patch resulted in the formation of six and three statistically different groups in the colour space of D. melanogaster and A. mellifera, respectively. Thus, no continuous colour variation was found. -
Morphological and Molecular Evidence Support the Taxonomic Separation of the Medically Important Neotropical Spiders Phoneutria Depilata (Strand, 1909) and P
ZooKeys 1022: 13–50 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1022.60571 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae) Nicolas A. Hazzi1,2, Gustavo Hormiga1 1 The George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA 2 Fundación Ecotonos, Cra 72 No. 13ª-56, Cali, Colombia Corresponding author: Nicolas A. Hazzi ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Arnedo | Received 9 November 2020 | Accepted 9 February 2021 | Published 8 March 2021 http://zoobank.org/C0A606CC-48EC-43CB-A7F3-0D62D8125F13 Citation: Hazzi NA, Hormiga G (2021) Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae). ZooKeys 1022: 13–50. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1022.60571 Abstract The species of the genus Phoneutria (Ctenidae), also called banana spiders, are considered amongst the most venomous spiders in the world. In this study we revalidate P. depilata (Strand, 1909), which had been synonymized with P. bolivienesis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897), using morphological and nucleotide sequence data (COI and ITS-2) together with species delimitation methods. We synonymized Ctenus peregrinoides, Strand, 1910 and Phoneutria colombiana Schmidt, 1956 with P. depilata. Furthermore, we designated Ctenus signativenter Strand, 1910 as a nomen dubium because the exact identity of this spe- cies cannot be ascertained with immature specimens, but we note that the type locality suggests that the C. -
Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lincoln University Research Archive Bio-Protection & Ecology Division Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal Mike Bowie Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 47 ISSN: 1177‐6242 ISBN: 978‐0‐86476‐222‐1 Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 47 Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal Mike Bowie Bio‐Protection and Ecology Division P.O. Box 84 Lincoln University [email protected] Prepared for: Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Trust October 2008 Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal 1. Introduction Rotokare Scenic Reserve is situated 12 km east of Eltham, South Taranaki, and is a popular recreation area for boating, walking and enjoying the scenery. The reserve consists of 230 ha of forested hill country, including a 17.8 ha lake and extensive wetland. Lake Rotokare is within the tribal area of the Ngati Ruanui and Ngati Tupaea people who used the area to collect food. Mature forested areas provide habitat for many birds including the fern bird (Sphenoeacus fulvus) and spotless crake (Porzana tabuensis), while the banded kokopu (Galaxias fasciatus) and eels (Anguilla australis schmidtii and Anguilla dieffenbachii) are found in streams and the lake, and the gold‐striped gecko (Hoplodactylus chrysosireticus) in the flax margins. In 2004 a broad group of users of the reserve established the Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Trust with the following mission statements: “To achieve the highest possible standard of pest control/eradication with or without a pest‐proof fence and to achieve a mainland island” “To have due regard for recreational users of Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve” The Trust has raised funds and erected a predator exclusion fence around the 8.4 km reserve perimeter. -
Tarantulas and Social Spiders
Tarantulas and Social Spiders: A Tale of Sex and Silk by Jonathan Bull BSc (Hons) MSc ICL Thesis Presented to the Institute of Biology of The University of Nottingham in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Nottingham May 2012 DEDICATION To my parents… …because they both said to dedicate it to the other… I dedicate it to both ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Sara Goodacre for her guidance and support. I am also hugely endebted to Dr Keith Spriggs who became my mentor in the field of RNA and without whom my understanding of the field would have been but a fraction of what it is now. Particular thanks go to Professor John Brookfield, an expert in the field of biological statistics and data retrieval. Likewise with Dr Susan Liddell for her proteomics assistance, a truly remarkable individual on par with Professor Brookfield in being able to simplify even the most complex techniques and analyses. Finally, I would really like to thank Janet Beccaloni for her time and resources at the Natural History Museum, London, permitting me access to the collections therein; ten years on and still a delight. Finally, amongst the greats, Alexander ‘Sasha’ Kondrashov… a true inspiration. I would also like to express my gratitude to those who, although may not have directly contributed, should not be forgotten due to their continued assistance and considerate nature: Dr Chris Wade (five straight hours of help was not uncommon!), Sue Buxton (direct to my bench creepy crawlies), Sheila Keeble (ventures and cleans where others dare not), Alice Young (read/checked my thesis and overcame her arachnophobia!) and all those in the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences. -
Envenoming from the Malaysian 'Black & Gold', Thelcticopis Sp. Spider
Med & Health Jun 2019; 14(1): 183-190 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2019.1401.15 CASE REPORT A Huntsman’s Bite: Envenoming from the Malaysian ‘Black & Gold’, Thelcticopis sp. Spider (Arachnida: Araneae: Sparassidae: Sparianthinae) ISMAIL AK1, COURT DJ2, ANTHONYSAMY C3 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117337, Singapore. 3Emergency and Trauma Department, Hospital Serdang, Jalan Puchong, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. ABSTRAK Kebanyakan spesies labah-labah di Malaysia dianggap tidak berbahaya kepada manusia dan kes gigitan labah-labah jarang dilaporkan. Ini adalah disebabkan oleh kesan dari gigitan yang tidak serius dan mangsa tidak mendapatkan rawatan di hospital. Sehingga kini, hanya terdapat beberapa kes gigitan labah-labah yang didokumentasikan dari Malaysia. Di sini, kami melaporkan gejala gigitan, kaedah perawatan dan hasil perawatan dua pesakit yang digigit labah-labah pemburu ‘Hitam & Emas’ dari genus Thelcticopis di Malaysia yang masih belum dinamakan spesisnya. Kes pertama melibatkan seorang lelaki berusia 42 tahun yang telah digigit di hujung jari tengahnya, menyebabkan kesakitan dan bengkak setempat. Beliau dirawat secara simtomatik dan pulih tanpa sebarang komplikasi. Kes kedua melibatkan seorang wanita berusia 57 tahun, yang telah digigit pada jari kelingking, menyebabkan kesakitan berdenyut dan kebengkakan progresif. Dia dirawat secara simtomatik dan dibenarkan pulang selepas 24 jam di wad perubatan. Walau bagaimanapun, beliau mendapat sakit di leher dan sendi terutamanya pinggul dan lutut. Beliau telah dirawat dengan ubat tahan sakit dan semua gejala sembuh dalam tempoh dua hari. -
Systematic Revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian 'Bicolor' Group of Wolf Spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae)Zoj 545 83
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 158, 83–123. With 25 figures Systematic revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian ‘bicolor’ group of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae)zoj_545 83..123 PETER R. LANGLANDS1* and VOLKER W. FRAMENAU1,2 1School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia 2Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA, 6986, Australia Received 16 September 2008; accepted for publication 3 November 2008 The Australian wolf spider genus Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960 with the type species Hoggicosa errans (Hogg, 1905) is revised to include ten species: Hoggicosa alfi sp. nov.; Hoggicosa castanea (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov. (= Lycosa errans Hogg, 1905 syn. nov.; = Lycosa perinflata Pulleine, 1922 syn. nov.; = Lycosa skeeti Pulleine, 1922 syn. nov.); Hoggicosa bicolor (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa brennani sp. nov.; Hoggicosa duracki (McKay, 1975) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa forresti (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa natashae sp. nov.; Hoggicosa snelli (McKay, 1975) comb. nov.; Hoggicosa storri (McKay, 1973) comb. nov.; and Hoggicosa wolodymyri sp. nov. The Namibian Hoggicosa exigua Roewer, 1960 is transferred to Hogna, Hogna exigua (Roewer, 1960) comb. nov. A phylogenetic analysis including nine Hoggicosa species, 11 lycosine species from Australia and four from overseas, with Arctosa cinerea Fabricius, 1777 as outgroup, supported the monophyly of Hoggicosa, with a larger distance between the epigynum anterior pockets compared to the width of the posterior transverse part. The analysis found that an unusual sexual dimorphism for wolf spiders (females more colourful than males), evident in four species of Hoggicosa, has evolved multiple times. Hoggicosa are burrowing lycosids, several constructing doors from sand or debris, and are predominantly found in semi-arid to arid regions of Australia. -
Do Really All Wolf Spiders Carry Spiderlings on Their Opisthosomas? the Case of Hygrolycosa Rubrofasciata (Araneae: Lycosidae)
Arachnologische Mitteilungen 45: 30-35 Karlsruhe, Juni 2013 Do really all wolf spiders carry spiderlings on their opisthosomas? The case of Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata (Araneae: Lycosidae) Petr Dolejš doi: 10.5431/aramit4507 Abstract. Wolf spider females are characterised by carrying cocoons attached to their spinnerets. Emerged spi- derlings are carried on the females’ opisthosomas, with the exception of three Japanese lycosid species who car- ry spiderlings on empty cocoons. Here, the same behaviour is recorded in a European spider: the drumming wolf spider Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata. Spiderlings of this species do not try to climb on the female’s opisthosoma, even when they are adopted by a female of a species with a normal pulli-carrying behaviour. This behaviour occurs in Trechaleidae and four unrelated species of Lycosidae inhabiting wet habitats and is therefore regarded as an adap- tation to the unsuitable environment. Keywords: Cocoons, female abdominal knobbed hairs, humid habitats, pulli-carrying behaviour, spiderling clus- ters Female wolf spiders are known for their care of both ciata) usually remain on the female’s abdomen or on cocoons and spiderlings (Foelix 2011). They carry top of the empty egg sac for a day to chitinise their their cocoons attached onto the spinnerets (cocoon- exoskeleton, after which they disperse”. Thus, this carrying behaviour) and their spiderlings on the species was chosen for the present study to clarify its opisthosoma (pulli-carrying behaviour) (Fujii 1976). pulli-carrying behaviour. All lycosids show cocoon-carrying behaviour, there Hygrolycosa Dahl, 1908 is still of uncertain sub- are, however, three exceptions concerning pulli- familial affinities. It belongs either to Piratinae (Zy- carrying. -
A Review of the Spider Genus Tengella (Araneae: Tengellidae)
A review of the spider genus Tengella (Araneae: Tengellidae) Autor(en): Platnick, Norman I. Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Contributions to Natural History : Scientific Papers from the Natural History Museum Bern Band (Jahr): - (2009) Heft 12/3 PDF erstellt am: 30.09.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-787015 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch A review of the spider genus Tengeila (Araneae: Tengellidae) Norman I. Platnick ABSTRACT Contrib. Nat. Hist. 12:1071-1080. A new species, Tengella thaleri, is described from a cave in San Luis Potosi, Mexico, and compared with: the poorly known type species of the genus, T. -
Araneae (Spider) Photos
Araneae (Spider) Photos Araneae (Spiders) About Information on: Spider Photos of Links to WWW Spiders Spiders of North America Relationships Spider Groups Spider Resources -- An Identification Manual About Spiders As in the other arachnid orders, appendage specialization is very important in the evolution of spiders. In spiders the five pairs of appendages of the prosoma (one of the two main body sections) that follow the chelicerae are the pedipalps followed by four pairs of walking legs. The pedipalps are modified to serve as mating organs by mature male spiders. These modifications are often very complicated and differences in their structure are important characteristics used by araneologists in the classification of spiders. Pedipalps in female spiders are structurally much simpler and are used for sensing, manipulating food and sometimes in locomotion. It is relatively easy to tell mature or nearly mature males from female spiders (at least in most groups) by looking at the pedipalps -- in females they look like functional but small legs while in males the ends tend to be enlarged, often greatly so. In young spiders these differences are not evident. There are also appendages on the opisthosoma (the rear body section, the one with no walking legs) the best known being the spinnerets. In the first spiders there were four pairs of spinnerets. Living spiders may have four e.g., (liphistiomorph spiders) or three pairs (e.g., mygalomorph and ecribellate araneomorphs) or three paris of spinnerets and a silk spinning plate called a cribellum (the earliest and many extant araneomorph spiders). Spinnerets' history as appendages is suggested in part by their being projections away from the opisthosoma and the fact that they may retain muscles for movement Much of the success of spiders traces directly to their extensive use of silk and poison. -
Onetouch 4.0 Sanned Documents
Anna. Rev. Ecol. Swf. 1991. 22:565-92 SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION OF SPIDERS (ARANEAE)* • Jonathan A. Coddington Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 Herbert W. Levi Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 KEY WORDS: taxonomy, phytogeny, cladistics, biology, diversity INTRODUCTION In the last 15 years understanding of the higher systematics of Araneae has changed greatly. Large classical superfamilies and families have turned out to be poly- or paraphyletic; posited relationships were often based on sym- plesiomorphies. In this brief review we summarize current taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge and suggest where future efforts might profitably be concentrated. We lack space to discuss fully all the clades mentioned, and the cited numbers of described taxa are only approximate. Other aspects of spider biology have been summarized by Barth (7), Eberhard (47), Jackson & Parks (72), Nentwig (105), Nyffeler & Benz (106), Riechert & Lockley (134), Shear (149) and Turnbull (160). Diversity, Paleontology, Descriptive Work, Importance The order Araneae ranks seventh in global diversity after the five largest insect orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera) and Acari among the arachnids (111) in terms of species described or an- *The US government has the right to retain a nonexclusive, royalty free license in and to any copyright covering this paper. 565 566 CODDINGTON & LEVI ticipated. Spiders are among the most diverse groups on earth. Among these taxa, spiders are exceptional for their complete dependence on predation as a trophic strategy. In contrast, the diversity of insects and mites may result from their diversity in dietary strategies•notably phytophagy and parasitism (104). -
Japanese Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus Tridentatus)
Japanese Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) Table of Contents Geographic Range ........................................................................................................ 1 Occurrence within range states .................................................................................... 1 Transport and introduction ........................................................................................... 2 Population ..................................................................................................................... 4 Population genetics ..................................................................................................... 4 Divergence time estimates ........................................................................................... 4 Point of origin ............................................................................................................... 5 Dispersal patterns ........................................................................................................ 5 Genetic diversity .......................................................................................................... 5 Conservation implications ............................................................................................ 9 Habitat, Biology & Ecology ......................................................................................... 10 Spawning ................................................................................................................... 10 Larval