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IOS XR Software CRS-1 and C12000 IOS XR Software CRS-1 and C12000 Martin Winter Technical Leader Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1 Agenda High Level IOS XR Strategy IOS XR Software Architecture IOS XR CLI Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2 High level IOS XR Strategy Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3 High End Routing Portfolio Next Generation Core 40G Routing Day 1 CRS-1 Multi-Chassis Scale Foundation for Core Consolidation Next Generation Core & Edge • Builds on 12000 Series Technology • PRP, 2.5G ISE, 10G ISE Cisco XR 12000 • Edge interface breadth/density • 4/6/10/16 Slot Form Factor • Foundation for Multi-Service Edge consolidation Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4 Cisco High End Routing Strategy IOS XR: Foundation of Cisco HER Technology Convergence HighHigh EndEnd RoutingRouting PlatformsPlatforms Systems Silicon Services (Single and Multi- (Forwarding (High Touch Deep Chassis / 2.5G to 40G+) Engines) Packet Inspection) Services CRS 40G ISE Blade (X-Blade) 12000 10G ISE 2.5G ISE vFW, SBC IOS XR Software • IOS XR is the ‘glue’, delivering HA, scale, core+edge services with common management and user interface Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5 IOS XR Software Architecture Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6 Modular IOS != IOS XR Modular IOS: Ships today on Catalyst 6500 with Sup720 and Sup32 Based on the same IOS code with added Microkernel and IOS split into multiple processes. Not everything as it’s own process (ie all Routing as one process), optimized for performance on existing hardware IOS XR: Ships today on CRS-1 and C12000 (PRP only) Complete rewrite of the code Very modular, split into multiple processes and built for multiterabit scaling and distributed operation Features targeted for SP NGN router Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7 The Microkernel, the foundation of IOS XR TRUETRUE MicrokernelMicrokernel (Mach,(Mach, QNX)QNX) MonolithicMonolithic KernelKernel (BSD/Linux,(BSD/Linux, NT)NT) •• MMUMMU withwith fullfull protectionprotection forfor protectedprotected •• MMUMMU withwith partialpartial protection.protection. OnlyOnly Applications,Applications, drivers,drivers, andand protocolsprotocols applicationsapplications areare protectedprotected ed Process ntain Filesystem Co e) Manager rtabl (resta Application Application µK d ² taine Con le) d artab aine Kernel Filesystem Network Driver (rest nt ) Co able ² art Application (rest Driver System wide corruption - ² ² Router Restart Feature Microkernel Monolithic Kernel Preemptive scheduler with support for process priority Yes Yes Protected memory architecture for application processes Yes Yes Protected memory architecture for system processes Yes NO Fault protection for application processes Yes Yes Fault protection for Host Stack Yes NO Fault protection for device drivers Yes NO Fault protection for file system Yes NO In Service SW Upgrade for application processes Yes Yes In Service SW Upgrade for Network Drivers, File System Yes NO Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8 Presentation_ID IOS XRSoftwareArchitecture • • • Process Mgmt • • • Light weightMicrokernel Protection Full Memory Scheduling Real TimeDeterministic BGP Control Plane Feature velocity due tomodular software design Distributed toenablehigh level Reliable architectureenabling Control Plane RIP BGP Control Plane Control Plane Modular, DistributedArchitecture © Inc.All Systems, Cisco 2006 IS-IS Control Plane RIP BGP OSPF IS-IS RIP Control Plane Routing Policy OSPFIS-IS PIM OSPF IPC Mech IGMP rights reserved.rights Confidential Cisco RoutingPIM Policy RIB IGMPPIM IOS XRArchitecture Features IOS XR Architecture Benefits L2 DriversRIB IGMP ACLL2 DriversRIB • • • highly available applications Data Plane True Modularity Patchability Restartability FIB Memory Mgmt of scale limitedonlyby hardware ACLL2 Drivers QoS FIB ACL Data Plane LPTSQoS FIB Data Plane Host Services LPTSQoS PFI Distributed subs Host ServicesLPTS Interfaces HostPFI Services HW Abstraction CLIInterfaces PFIManagement Plane • • • Checkpointing forstatefulrecovery Virtualization Distributed Processes/subsystems SNMPCLIInterfaces Management Plane XMLSNMP CLI ystems/Processes Netflow Management Plane XMLSNMP AlarmNetflow Perf. Mgmt. XML AlarmNetflow SSHPerf. Mgmt. Lightweight Micro Alarm SSHPerf. Mgmt. SSH -Ke rnel 9 IOS XR Modular Software Packaging Code base files are organized into components – these are Mgmt Security versioned and visible to the development engineer Multi- Packages are unique sets of components and represent MPLS cast potential units of delivery Packages are visible in the code base – “build” RPL BGP RoutingRoutingRouting infrastructure prevents illegal dependencies between packages OSPFCompositeCompositeCompositeISIS Packages can be grouped into composites for ease of delivery Forwarding SW is packaged and can be upgraded along these BaseHostHostHost Composites: CompositeCompositeComposite Host – includes Microkernel, Infrastructure code, platform Admin independent forwarding code, host stack OS Line Card – Line card specific drivers and platform code Routing - Support for static & dynamic unicast routing Line card Multicast - Support for Multicast protocols MPLS – MPLS, GMPLS, & UCP functionality Mgmt – XML, CWI Security – non-exportable security features Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10 In Service Software Upgrades (ISSU) Multi- MPLS IOS XR ISSU is performed MPLS cast Manufacturing installs the bybootable means of .VM.PIEfiles files RPLRoutingRoutingRoutingBGP SMU BGP OSPFCompositeCompositeCompositeISIS SMU Manageability Security osite Comp SMU Forwarding ForwardingHost rade HostHost PIE Upg PIEs CompositeCompositeCompositeBase SMU Admin OS Package SMU Upgrade Line card PIE Line card Upgrades can be on Composite, Package, or SMU boundaries Upgrades are performed in-service Upgrades can be rolled back Software Maintenance Updates (SMU) or patches provide pointed corrections for mission critical defects Presentation_ID Line© 2006 Cisco cards Systems, Inc. Allupgrades rights reserved. Cisco can Confidential be independent of Route Processor 11 IOS XR Carrier Class High Availability Hot Built for Non-Stop Operations Warm 99.999+% Service Cold Availability Graceful Restart ISSU Shipping: OSPF (Cisco), ISIS, BGP, LDP, RSVP-TE, Multicast In Service Software Upgrade Line Card Redundancy Shipping: 1+1 SONET/SDH Non-Stop Forwarding APS Process Restartability with HA Components Active State Checkpointing Shipping: IOS XR, MPLS TE Protected Memory Processes FRR Memory faults affect only 1 process Software Design: Highly Modular, Separation of Control, Data, Management Planes, Fault Software Upgrades Management, MicroKernel, Packaging Model Shipping: ISSU (Patching), SMU Hardware Design: Redundancy (Fabric, Power, Thermal, Route Processor, Line Card), High MTBF, Distributed Forwarding, Online Insertion Removal (OIR), Parity or Error Correcting Memory, Fault Insertion Testing Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12 IOS XR Fault Management Error Monitoring and Reporting Process Application Process Process Fault Manager checks for Crashes Specific Hangs Misbehaves established policy handlers: If a policy handler exists, the FM runs the policy (TCL script) System that implements recovery Watchdog Statistics Other Manager actions. Fault & Event Detectors If a policy handler doesn’t Fault & Event Detectors exist, the system performs a built-in default action defined for this event type (if any). Policies Example: SystemSystem FaultFault Manager Manager Events,Events, Default action for a process LogLog fault is automatic restart. It’s InformationInformation defined in startup files by Actions developers and can’t be set by users. Users can enhance the default Notify: Reliability action by writing an FM policy. Email, Reliability Metrics Page Metrics Flexible, Scriptable Presentation_ID Actions© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13 IOS XR Carrier Class Security Data ForwardingAccess Management Access Signaling Access Dynamic Signaling ATTACKSATTACKS Next GenerationASIC Flexible Infra Applications ATTACKSATTACKS IOS XR provides a layered approach for total system security IOS XR Architecture and coupled with the CRS-1 and Cisco 12000 hardware design provides the foundation for secure networking applications Protection is completed with IOS XR’s security aware management 14 Presentation_IDaccess© 2006, Ciscosig Systems,nalin Inc. Allg rights access reserved. Cisco, Confidentialand router applications 14 IOS XR Carrier Class Security Data Forwarding Access Security Control plane classification, policing, and queuing provide the foundation to stopping DoS attack Ingress LC 4 queues into LC CPU Low: TTL errors, Options, logging, ICMP CPU Medium: IPv4 lookup To RP High: ARP Critical: Layer 2 keep alive. (PPP, HDLC) 4 queues Transit Traffic Fabric 3 queues into RP CPU Queues Low: other Medium: BGP, PIM, LDP, SSH SPP High: OSPF, ISIS Priority queuing among software queues Transit User Traffic ICMP, IP Options logging, … Control Plane (routing, labels) Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco
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