DEVELOPING AIRCRAFT

A. Define, Describe, or Identify:

1. Aileron – a small flap on the wing for controlling turns. (p. 46)

2. Fuselage – the body of an airplane containing the crew and passengers (or cargo). (p. 48)

3. Multiengine plane – a plane with more than one engine. (p. 48)

4. Cockpit – a space inside the fuselage where the crew sits. (p. 48)

5. Tandem – two objects with one placed directly behind the other. (p. 48)

6. Porthole – a small circular window. (p. 48)

7. Radial – round. (p. 49)

8. Crankshaft – a shaft that turns or is turned by a crank. (p. 49)

9. Rotors – another name for propellers. (p. 50)

10. Torque – a twisting force. (p. 50)

11. Boom – the section of a helicopter that connects the tail with the main body. (p. 50)

12. Solo – to fly with no one else on board. (p. 55)

13. Pylons – tall, thin towers. (p. 56)

14. Jumpsuit – a one-piece outfit (p. 57).

B. Matching:

Match the definition in Column A with the name in Column B. You may use each name only once.

Column A Column B

__a__ 1. In 1907, he was the “fastest man on earth.” (p. 44) a. Glenn Curtiss b. Laurent and Gustav Seguin __g__ 2. His aircraft, with a Curtiss engine, was c. the first powered dirigible in America. (p. d. Bessie Coleman 45) e. Short brothers f. Blanche Stuart Scott __i__ 3. He was the first man to cross the English g. Thomas Baldwin Channel in a heavier-than-air craft. (p. 47) h. Vernon Burge i. Louis Blériot __e__ 4. They experimented with multiengine j. Calbraith Perry Rodgers planes. (p. 48)

__b__ 5. They experimented with lighter-weight rotary engines. (p. 49)

__j__ 6. He took 49 days to fly across the United States. (p. 52)

__h__ 7. He was the first enlisted man to become a pilot. (p. 52)

__d__ 8. She was the first black woman to get a pilot’s license. (p. 54)

__f__ 9. She was the first American woman to solo in a fixed-wing airplane. ( p. 55)

__c__ 10. She was the first American woman to earn her pilot’s license. (p. 56)

C. True/False:

Put a T in the blank if the sentence is true and an F if it is false.

__F__1. Glenn Curtiss started his motorcycle business after retiring from a successful career manufacturing horse-drawn carriages. (p. 44)

__T__2. The Aerial Experiment Association built the first American plane equipped with ailerons but the aileron was patented in Great Britain. (p. 46)

__T__3. On his flight across the English Channel, Louis Blériot cooled off his overheating engine by flying his plane into a small rainstorm. (p. 47)

__T__4. The Seguin brothers introduced engines cooled with circulating air rather than water. (p. 49)

__F__5. After making the first airplane crossing of the United States from coast to coast, Calbraith Perry Rodgers won a $50,000 prize from . (p. 52)

__F__6. When Vernon Burge started instruction on 8 to become the Army’s first enlisted pilot, he had never even taxied an airplane. (p. 53)

__T__7. Blanche Stuart Scott was Glenn Curtiss’s first student, but he tried to keep her on the ground with a block of wood. (p. 55)

__F__8. After she got her pilot’s license, Bessica Medlar Raiche formed a company with her husband to make lightweight aircraft. They made their planes even lighter by using silk instead of muslin and piano wires instead of iron wire. (p. 56)

__T__9. Harriet Quimby designed a one-piece outfit for female pilots. Her tailor made hers in purple satin. (p. 57)

__F__10. At 19, Marjorie Stinson became the first woman authorized to fly the experimental airmail service. (p. 59)

D. Word Find:

Unscramble the words below and write them in the blanks. Then find and circle the words in the puzzle.

Aileron 1. NILEORA

Fuselage 2. GLASEFUE

Multiengine 3. GNUMILITENE NEPAL Plane

Cockpit 4. PICKTOC

Tandem 5. MATDEN

Porthole 6. REOTHOLP

Radial 7. LIADAR

Crankshaft 8. STRAFCHANK

Rotors 9. STROOR

Torque 10. QUEROT

Boom 11. OMOB

Solo 12. LOOS

Pylons 13. SNYPLO

Jumpsuit 14. TUJUSIMP

A R T Y L O P E R S C A V E G G B D E D E L I C E T E R E G I T B E L L C E E I O F G H U N T A O O A P O R T H O L E E Q U E N T E I N C E Y E T T E R R I N D T E D A K I N N E N D O O E J E E N A L P E N I G N E I T L U M O A R T I N O L P Y I B E W M E B R W E T I R A E K E L M O P D P O U R L E E Y A P Y L O N S G P Y E R T E L U E R O E O P U W R O T O R S I N D O O K B E I O E R T L C R A N K S H A F T T O A R T O L E I A N E S I A N S A E F U S E L A G E W E E P E M D

E. Fill in the Blanks:

1. Curtiss’s passion for speed began with bicycles. As a teenager, he raced at county fairs and often won. This experience led to his love of fast motorcycles. (p. 44 )

2. By the early 1900s aviators in France and Germany were using engines to maneuver dirigibles in the sky. (p. 45)

3. Like motorcycles, aircraft also need light, powerful engines that won’t weigh them down. Less weight puts less strain on the aircraft during takeoff, landing, and flight. (p. 47)

4. Passenger-friendly inventions such as portholes and enclosed cabins contributed greatly to the development of today’s commercial airliners. (p. 48)

5. All designers of early helicopters faced a common problem: helicopters are difficult to balance. Their rotating blades create torque, which is a twisting force. Because of torque, while the blades are turning in one direction, the body of the aircraft spins in the other. (p. 50)

6. Calbraith Perry Rodgers asked soft drink manufacturer Vin Fiz if it would provide financial support for his cross-country air trip in exchange for nationwide publicity. (p. 51)

7. Although the invented the airplane in America, Europe had more pilots than the United States did in those early days. (p. 54)

8. Taking her pilot's test for the second time, Harriet Quimby was required to land within 100 feet of her takeoff point. She landed within 7 feet, 9 inches of her takeoff point. What was so remarkable was that in those days, planes did not have brakes. (p. 56)

9. Matilde Moisant was the second woman in America to get a pilot's license. She also got a court to acknowledge that it was legal to fly on Sundays. (p. 58)

10. Emma Stinson moved her family to San Antonio, Texas, so her daughters, Katherine and Marjorie, could open a flying school. (p. 60)