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Basics of Tertian Harmony KEY CONCEPT: PITCHES Western Music has 12 pitches. Each of those 12 pitches has a major scale, a minor scale, a chromatic scale, a major triad, and a minor triad, as well as augemented and diminished triads. Every major scale and minor scale use seven of the 12 pitches. Example: The C Major scale is C D E F G A B C. These notes are diatonic. Diatonic = within the key. Numbering each pitch of the scale, we have: C D E F G A B C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Ti Do APPLICATION: Write Major Scales. Recite major scales. Finger major scales. Play major scales. 1 (do) 2 (re) 3 (mi) 4 (fa) 5 (sol) 6 (la) 7 (ti) 8 (do) C G D A E B F# or Gb C# or Db Ab Eb Bb F C G D A E B F#/ Gb C#/ Db Ab Eb Bb F KEY CONCEPT: THIRDS Western Music is built upon tertian harmony meaning that it is built using thirds. To build thirds, start on a note of a major or minor scale, skip over the next note to the third note. Example: C to E [C-skip D-E] D to F [D-skip E-F] To make a third, one letter is always skipped. APPLICATION: Build thirds in the C major scale. KEY CONCEPT: TRIADS A triad is made of three notes. The three notes must each be a third apart, or two thirds stacked on top of one another. Example: The notes in a C Major triad are C E G which are 1, 3, and 5 in the C Major scale. C is 1, or the root C to E is the first third E is 3, or the third G is 5, or the fifth E to G is the second third APPLICATION: Build triads in C major starting on each note of the scale. You will always skip one letter between the three notes when building the triads. APPLICATION: Build triads from the following major scales D E F# G A B C# D G A B C D E F# G C D E F G A B C F G A Bb C D E F Bb C D Eb F G A Bb Eb F G Ab Bb C D Eb KEY CONCEPT: TRANSPOSITION Seeing and Hearing C-pitched instrument - sounds what you see on the page (Perfect Prime) i.e. written C sounds C: Flute, oboe, bassoon, trombone, euphonium, tuba, xylophone, marimba, vibraphone, timpani Piccolo - sounds one octave (Perfect Octave) higher to what you see printed Bb-pitched instrument - sounds one diatonic step lower (Major Second) to what you see printed i.e. written C sounds Bb: Bb trumpet, Bb clarinet Bb bass clarinet and Bb tenor saxophone - sounds one diatonic step plus one octave (Major Ninth) lower to what you see printed Eb-pitched instrument - sounds six diatonic steps (Major Sixth) lower to what you see printed i.e. written Eb sounds C: Eb alto saxophone Eb baritone saxophone sounds six diatonic steps plus one octave (Major Thirteenth) lower to what you see printed. F-pitched instrument - sounds five diatonic steps (Perfect Fifth) lower than what you see printed i.e. written F sounds C: Horn APPLICATION: Transpose given pitches .

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Music in Theory and Practice
CHAPTER 4 Chords Harmony Primary Triads Roman Numerals TOPICS Chord Triad Position Simple Position Triad Root Position Third Inversion Tertian First Inversion Realization Root Second Inversion Macro Analysis Major Triad Seventh Chords Circle Progression Minor Triad Organum Leading-Tone Progression Diminished Triad Figured Bass Lead Sheet or Fake Sheet Augmented Triad IMPORTANT In the previous chapter, pairs of pitches were assigned specifi c names for identifi cation CONCEPTS purposes. The phenomenon of tones sounding simultaneously frequently includes group- ings of three, four, or more pitches. As with intervals, identifi cation names are assigned to larger tone groupings with specifi c symbols. Harmony is the musical result of tones sounding together. Whereas melody implies the Harmony linear or horizontal aspect of music, harmony refers to the vertical dimension of music. A chord is a harmonic unit with at least three different tones sounding simultaneously. Chord The term includes all possible such sonorities. Figure 4.1 #w w w w w bw & w w w bww w ww w w w w w w w‹ Strictly speaking, a triad is any three-tone chord. However, since western European music Triad of the seventeenth through the nineteenth centuries is tertian (chords containing a super- position of harmonic thirds), the term has come to be limited to a three-note chord built in superposed thirds. The term root refers to the note on which a triad is built. “C major triad” refers to a major Triad Root triad whose root is C. The root is the pitch from which a triad is generated. 73 3711_ben01877_Ch04pp73-94.indd 73 4/10/08 3:58:19 PM Four types of triads are in common use.
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Information to Users
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