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Archives of Business Administration and Management York JM. Arch Bus Adm Manag: ABAM-105. Review Article DOI: 10.29011/ABAM-105. 100005 Examining the San Diego Venture Ecosystem John Michael York*1, Jin Cho2, Subbu Iyler3 1Orfalea College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, USA 2Qualcomm, San Diego, CA 3ICW Group, San Diego, CA *Corresponding author: John Michael York, Pharm.D., M.B.A. Orfalea College of Business, California Polytechnic State Univer- sity, San Luis Obispo, USA. Tel: +18052382485; Email: [email protected] Citation: York JM (2018) Examining the San Diego Venture Ecosystem. Arch Bus Adm Manag: ABAM-105. DOI: 10.29011/ ABAM-105. 100005 Received Date: 18 March, 2018; Accepted Date: 06 April, 2018; Published Date: 17 April, 2018 Abstract In the recent decade, San Diego, California has become a hub for startup activity in multiple sectors including biotech- nology, cybertech, defense, energy, technology, and telecommunications. Ranked as one of the top places to launch a startup, it is the home to startup success including Acadia Pharmaceutical, Amylin, Gen-Probe, Illumina, ProFlowers, and Qualcomm. To understand the dynamics within this entrepreneurial community, the paper provides an overview of its venture ecosystem, defined as a mix of capabilities to support startup activity. It examines the research conducted to identify and discuss the key components within the community. These include major facilitators including trade organizations, accelerator/incubator programs, academia, private research institutes, city and state government, and key corporations. Then this paper will cover requisite support services including accounting, legal, insurance, human resources, and marketing, followed by a discussion of the real estate and financial capabilities to address the startup community needs. Afterwards, it will examine relationships within the community, strengths and weaknesses, and synergies. This review includes a comparison of San Diego’s ecosystem characteristics with that of the San Francisco/Silicon Valley and Los Angeles/Orange County regions. The paper closes with an assessment of ecosystem and prospects for the future. Keywords: Angel, Community capabilities, Entrepreneurship, San Diego, Startup, Venture capital, Venture ecosystem Introduction/Background Forbes Magazine 2014 article, he ranked San Diego as the best place to launch a startup [1]. San Diego has enjoyed the success of When one thinks about San Diego, what comes to mind? To its first-generation of startups in its telecommunications, software, many, it is about surf, sun, Shamu, and Sea World. To others, it is technology, and life sciences businesses. It is home to many about the San Diego Zoo, the Hotel Del, Petco Park, and Del Mar dynamic firms (Table 1). The success of several first-generation Racetrack. In business circles, most individuals do not think much startups has established now a foundation in San Diego for the about San Diego. To some, San Diego is a city trying to shake off next generation. Blockbuster successes, such as Qualcomm, have its Navy town and tourist reputation. To most business people, they transformed the communications and tech scene. Life sciences think of the convention center and the Gas Lamp District. Over the successes, such as Agouron, Amylin, IDEC, Illumina, ISIS, and last twenty years, San Diego has evolved. It has moved from a Thermo Fisher Scientific, have led some to rename San Diego as military and tourist town to a tech town. Since the 1990s, San Diego “biotech beach.” The emergence of such players in this space has has become a more diverse business community. Following the drawn outside corporations into the community. Today, AT&T, lead of Silicon Valley and the Bay area, San Diego has embraced Verizon, Samsung, Huawei, Pfizer, and Novartis maintain some innovation and entrepreneurial activity. In fact, in Tom Post’s commercial or research presence. 1 Volume 2018; Issue 01 Citation: York JM (2018) Examining the San Diego Venture Ecosystem. Arch Bus Adm Manag: ABAM-105. DOI: 10.29011/ABAM-105. 100005 Table 1: Examples of Companies Headquartered in San Diego Consumer Goods Continued Biotechnology Continued Apparel Biotechnology Sanford-Burnham Medical HD Supply Research Institute Reef sandals Abgent ProFlowers Sequenom Tribal Gear Acadia Pharmaceuticals WD-40 Company Quidel Corporation Bad Boy (brand) Accelrys Underground Toys, LLC Electronics Aethlon Medical Computer Software Defense Contracting American Technology Allerca Corporation Aonix AMN Healthcare Cubic e.Digital Corporation Axure Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc. General Atomics Mad Catz, Inc. BackBone Apricus Biosciences Energy Chassis Plans DivX Arena Pharmaceuticals Envision Solar Entertainment ESET, NA Cytori Therapeutics Maxwell Technologies Daybreak Game Company FutureWave (acquired by Gen-Probe Macromedia) Sempra Energy Nautilus Entertainment Design Mitchell International Genesee Scientific San Diego Gas & Electric Genomics Institute of the Food and Drink Semantic Research Novartis Research Foundation Solar Turbines Silicon Beach (acquired by Aldus) Halozyme Therapeutics MobileOne AleSmith Brewing SweetLabs Illumina Ballast Point Brewing Events Company Peregrine Systems InvivoGen Chicken of the Sea (acquired by Hewlett-Packard) The Allstar Group Hash House a go go ServiceNow Nereus Pharmaceuticals Karl Strauss Brewing Websense Neurocrine Biosciences Finance and Insurance Teradata NuVasive Jack in the Box ResMed California Bank and Trust Rubio’s Fresh Mexican Grill Consumer Goods The Scripps Research Institute Commonwealth Financial Network Souplantation Salk Institute for Biological Dr. Bronner’s Magic Soaps Encore Capital Group Stone Brewing Studies 2 Volume 2018; Issue 01 Citation: York JM (2018) Examining the San Diego Venture Ecosystem. Arch Bus Adm Manag: ABAM-105. DOI: 10.29011/ABAM-105. 100005 Finance and Insurance Food and Drink Continued Continued San Diego City Beat Ryan Aeronautical LPL Financial Modern Times San Diego Jewish Journal Other San Diego Magazine Health Sports San Diego Reader Anacomp Arcturus Therapeutics BMC USA Times of San Diego Bridgepoint Education Ellsworth Handcrafted CareFusion Bicycles U-T San Diego Champion Ballroom Academy Dexcom Sector 9 Kyocera Retail NuVasive Bike Bandit Nth Generation Scripps Health Score Stream PETCO Peregrine Semiconductor Sharp HealthCare Telecommunications Quality Assurance Price Smart International Internet Cricket Communications Le Travel Store The Allen Group Satellite Internet Continuous Computing Considering the emergence of San Diego as a hub for entrepreneurial activity, this paper will explore this community’s MindTouch Jump Mobile venture ecosystem. First, this piece will outline our research into several of core elements that comprise the ecosystem: (1) Veoh Leap Wireless facilitators; (2) services; (3) real estate; (4) workforce; and (5) financial. Second, it will examine relationships within the SwoopThat.com Next Wave Wireless ecosystem, strengths and weaknesses, and comparisons to other ecosystems within California. Finally, the paper closes with Ignite Visibility Nokia UMT several observations related the community’s future as a startup community for entrepreneurs to consider. Novatel Wireless, Inc. Elements of The Ecosystem Media Facilitators Qualcomm The cornerstone of a robust ecosystem is the number of KSDY-LD Skyriver facilitators that support entrepreneurs through the startup journey. These organizations have helped startups from inception to initial McKinnon Broadcasting development to seed-stage funding to growth-stage funding. We Transportation and Logistics can segment facilitators into several groups and will examine and Mission Times Courier before further in this section. The major groups that function as National Steel and facilitators are summarized in (Table 2) include trade organizations, San Diego Business Journal Shipbuilding incubators/accelerators, the academic community, private research Transportation and Logistics institutes, government (city and state), and corporations. Media Continued Continued 3 Volume 2018; Issue 01 Citation: York JM (2018) Examining the San Diego Venture Ecosystem. Arch Bus Adm Manag: ABAM-105. DOI: 10.29011/ABAM-105. 100005 Table 2: Facilitators in the San Diego Ecosystem. Offices/Programs Tax Credits/Incentives SECTOR ORGANIZATION(S) CommNexus Innovation and Entrepreneurial Unit San Diego Business & Entrepreneurs Exchange New Employment Trade of the Governor’s San Diego Entrepreneurial Center & Startup Credit Organizations Business and Society California Competes State of San Diego Intellectual Property Law Association Economic California Development State of California Accelerators Incubators Department Board of Analytics Ventures EvoNexus (GO-Biz) Equalization Partial Connect Springboard Moxie Center (UCSD) Sales Tax California Innovation CyberHive StartR (UCSD) Hub (i-Hub) Exemption Von Liebig Center Incubators/ Hera Labs (UCSD) San Diego Accelerators/ Janssen Labs Wireless Health Hub School Programs Qualcomm Plug and Play San West Health Incubator Diego Key Huawei Qualcomm Institute Zahn Innovation Center Corporations (UCSD) (SDSU) Janssen Labs Qualcomm Robotics Lavin Center for Entre- Irvine Company Accelerator preneurship (SDSU) University of California San Diego (UCSD) Trade Organization San Diego State University (SDSU) As San Diego developed as a hub for telecommunications University of San Diego (USD) (e.g., Qualcomm, AT&T, and Verizon), CommNexus San Diego California