The Effect of Doping on the Lattice Parameter and Properties of Cubic Boron Nitride
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Date of Issue: 17 June 2015 SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. SUBSTANCE AND SOURCE IDENTIFICATION Product Identifier SRM Number: 1877 SRM Name: Beryllium Oxide Powder Other Means of Identification: Not applicable. Recommended Use of This Material and Restrictions of Use This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended for use in laboratory analysis and health research for the development and validation of analytical methods and instruments used to determine beryllium, as well as for proficiency testing of laboratories involved in beryllium determinations. A unit of SRM 1877 consists of one bottle containing 20 g of beryllium oxide powder. Company Information National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials Program 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 2300 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-2300 Telephone: 301-975-2200 Emergency Telephone ChemTrec: FAX: 301-948-3730 1-800-424-9300 (North America) E-mail: [email protected] +1-703-527-3887 (International) Website: http://www.nist.gov/srm 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification Physical Hazard: Not classified. Health Hazard: Acute Toxicity, Inhalation Category 2 Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2 Serious Eye Damage/Irritation Category 2B Skin Sensitization Category 1 Carcinogenicity Category 1A STOT-Repeat Exposure Category 1 Label Elements Symbol Signal Word DANGER Hazard Statement(s) H330 Fatal if inhaled. H315+H320 Causes skin and eye irritation. H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H350 May cause lung cancer. H372 Causes damage to lungs through prolonged or repeated inhalation. Precautionary Statement(s) P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P260 Do not breathe dust. P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. -
Exposure Data
BERYLLIUM AND BERYLLIUM eOMPOUNDS Beryllium and beryllium compounds were considered by previous Working Groups, In 1971,1979 and 1987 (lARe, 1972, 1980, 1987a). New data have since become available, and these are included in the present monograph and have been taken into consideration In the evaluation. The agents considered herein Include (a) metallic beryllium, (b) beryllium- aluminium and -copper alloys and (c) some beryllum compounds. 1. Exposure Data 1.1 Chemical and physical data and analysis 1.1.1 Synonyms, trade names and molecular formulae Synonyms, trade names and molecular formulae for beryllium, beryllum-aluminium and -copper alloys and certain beryllium compounds are presented in Thble 1. The list is not exhaustive, nor does it comprise necessarily the most commercially important beryllum- containing substances; rather, it indicates the range of beryllum compounds available. 1. 1.2 Chemical and physical properties of the pure substances Selected chemical and physical properties of beryllium, beryllum-aluminium and -copper alloys and the beryllium compounds covered in this monograph are presented in Thble 2. The French chemist Vauquelin discovered beryllium in 1798 as the oxide, while analysing emerald to prove an analogous composition (Newland, 1984). The metallc element was first isolated in independent experiments by Wöhler (1828) and Bussy (1828), who called it 'glucinium' owing to the sweet taste of its salts; that name is stil used in the French chemical literature. Wöhler's name 'beryllum' was offcially recognized by IUPAe in 1957 (WHO, 1990). The atomic weight and corn mon valence of beryllum were originally the subject of much controversy but were correctly predicted by Mendeleev to be 9 and + 2, respectively (Everest, 1973). -
Magnesium Nitride (Mg3n2) Powder
Magnesium Nitride (Mg3N2) Powder US Research Nanomaterials, Inc. www.us-nano.com SAFTY DATA SHEET Revised Date 12/12/2015 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION 1.1 Product identifiers Product name: Magnesium Nitride (Mg3N2) Powder Product Number : US1115M Magnesium Nitride (Mg3N2) CAS#: 12057-71-5 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Research 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company: US Research Nanomaterials, Inc. 3302 Twig Leaf Lane Houston, TX 77084 USA Telephone: +1 832-460-3661 Fax: +1 281-492-8628 1.4 Emergency telephone number Emergency Phone # : (832) 359-7887 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture This chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) 2.2 GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements Pictogram Signal word Warning Hazard statement(s) H260: In contact with water releases flammable gas. H302: Harmful if swallowed. H312: Harmful in contact with skin. H315: Causes skin irritation. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. H332: Harmful if inhaled. H335: May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary statement(s) P223 Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire. P231+P232 Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. -
Investigations of Mixed-Anion Analogs of Manganite Perovskites and Bimetallic
Investigations of Mixed-Anion Analogs of Manganite Perovskites and Bimetallic Group II Nitride Fluorides By Oscar Kipruto Keino Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science in the Chemistry Program YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY December, 2017 Investigations of Mixed-Anion Analogs of Manganite Perovskites and Bimetallic Group II Nitride Fluorides By Oscar Kipruto Keino I hereby release this thesis to the public. I understand that this thesis will be made available from the Ohio LINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: ________________________________________________________________ Oscar Kipruto Keino, Student Date Approvals: ________________________________________________________________ Dr. Timothy R. Wagner, Thesis Advisor Date ________________________________________________________________ Dr. Sherri Lovelace-Cameron, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________ Dr. Allen Hunter, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________ Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Date Dean, College of Graduate Studies iii ABSTRACT Lanthanum manganites are perovskite related materials known in particular for their colossal magnetoresistance (CM) properties. Manganite compositions showing CM behavior are mixed cation compounds such as (CaxLa1-x) MnO3, which contain Mn ions in mixed -
Toxicological Profile for Beryllium
BERYLLIUM 19 3. HEALTH EFFECTS 3.1 INTRODUCTION The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of beryllium. It contains descriptions and evaluations of toxicological studies and epidemiological investigations and provides conclusions, where possible, on the relevance of toxicity and toxicokinetic data to public health. A glossary and list of acronyms, abbreviations, and symbols can be found at the end of this profile. 3.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE To help public health professionals and others address the needs of persons living or working near hazardous waste sites, the information in this section is organized first by route of exposure (inhalation, oral, and dermal) and then by health effect (death, systemic, immunological, neurological, reproductive, developmental, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects). These data are discussed in terms of three exposure periods: acute (14 days or less), intermediate (15–364 days), and chronic (365 days or more). Levels of significant exposure for each route and duration are presented in tables and illustrated in figures. The points in the figures showing no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) reflect the actual doses (levels of exposure) used in the studies. LOAELS have been classified into "less serious" or "serious" effects. "Serious" effects are those that evoke failure in a biological system and can lead to morbidity or mortality (e.g., acute respiratory distress or death). "Less serious" effects are those that are not expected to cause significant dysfunction or death, or those whose significance to the organism is not entirely clear. -
Sunscreen Faqs
Sunscreen FAQs What type of sunscreen should I use? There are two main types of sunscreen ingredients: physical sun blockers and chemical sunscreens. Physical sunscreens prevent ultraviolet light from reaching your skin, and contain either zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. Physical sunscreens protect against UVA and UVB damage. Physical sunscreens are preferred for patients with sensitive skin or children. Chemical sunscreens rely on an interaction between the sun and the chemical to protect your skin. Examples of such chemicals are avobenzone, octinoxate, homosalate, padimate O, and many others. Chemical sunscreens can protect against UVA, UVB, or both types of damage, depending on which ingredient is used. Read the label to ensure coverage for both UVA and UVB exposure. There are new ingredients being developed that take chemical sunscreens and stabilize them to prolong their activity (i.e., Helioplex, Mexoryl). Does the SPF really matter? In laboratory testing, there are minor differences between SPF 15 and SPF 30 or greater products. However, that data is based on using 1 oz. (30 gm.) of sunscreen for each full body application (the size of a shot glass). Most people use far less in real-life settings. For that reason, we recommend an SPF of at least 30. It is common to find good sunscreens with SPF ranging from 45-70. To maintain protection, reapply sunscreen every 1-3 hours, depending on sweating, water exposure, and sun intensity. Is sunscreen alone enough to protect my skin in the sun? In some cases, yes. However, if you are in the sun for longer periods on a regular basis (such as gardening, golfing, boating, sports), it may be better to add sun protective clothing or habits. -
"Beryllium Oxide Digestion Optimization at the Savannah River Site"
"Beryllium Oxide Digestion Optimization at the Savannah River Site" by Davin Jagnandan November, 2002 ==' ¥---- ; A paper submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health in the School of Public Health Abstract Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a debilitating lung disorder affecting an estimated 4.6% of past nuclear weapons and beryllium manufacturing workers. The Chronic Beryllium Disease Prevention Program, as set up by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), establishes guidelines for maintaining acceptable exposure levels in all beryllium manufacturing facilities. These exposure levels are based on the measuring of total beryllium which includes beryllium metal, beryllium salts, beryllium alloys and beryllium oxide. The most sensitive detection instruments used in industrial hygiene sampling measure beryllium in a solubilized form . Beryllium oxide, in particular, has been shown to resist solubilization unless it is performed in the presence of strong acid(s). This poses a problem for industrial hygienists because beryllium oxide has been shown to have a high level oftoxicity due to its small size and moderate solubility. The current Ip digestion method (EPA 3050B) for all metals at the Savannah River Site 1 involves the use of nitric and hydrochloric acids. It was hypothesized that 1 this method was inadequate for the complete digestion of beryllium oxide. This study examines this issue by comparing method 3050B with two other acid digestion methods. Once the most effective of the three methods was determined, optimization factors such as settling time, heating/reflux time, and hydrogen peroxide addition were examined. -
Synergistic Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Bacteria Reduce Heavy Metals Toxicity in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Plant
toxics Article Synergistic Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Bacteria Reduce Heavy Metals Toxicity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plant Nazneen Akhtar 1, Sehresh Khan 1, Shafiq Ur Rehman 2, Zia Ur Rehman 1, Amana Khatoon 3, Eui Shik Rha 4,* and Muhammad Jamil 1,* 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan; [email protected] (N.A.); [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (Z.U.R.) 2 Department of Biology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan; drshafi[email protected] 3 Department of Environmental and Botanical Sciences, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan; [email protected] 4 Department of Well-Being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (E.S.R.); [email protected] (M.J.) Abstract: Heavy metals (HMs) are toxic elements which contaminate the water bodies in developing countries because of their excessive discharge from industrial zones. Rice (Oryza sativa L) crops are submerged for a longer period of time in water, so irrigation with HMs polluted water possesses toxic effects on plant growth. This study was initiated to observe the synergistic effect of bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Lysinibacillus macroides) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/L) on the rice that were grown in HMs contaminated water. Current findings have revealed that bacteria, along with ZnO NPs at lower concentration, showed maximum removal of HMs from polluted water at pH 8 (90 min) as compared with higher concentrations. Seeds primed with bacteria grown in Citation: Akhtar, N.; Khan, S.; HM polluted water containing ZnO NPs (5 mg/L) showed reduced uptake of HMs in root, shoot Rehman, S.U.; Rehman, Z.U.; and leaf, thus resulting in increased plant growth. -
Monitoring of Silicon Nitride Films Grown by PLD Using Real
Beryllium nitride thin film grown by reactive laser ablation G. Soto, J. A. Díaz, R. Machorro, A. Reyes-Serrato* Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada, UNAM, A. Postal 2681, 22800 Ensenada B.C., México. W. de la Cruz Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Km. 107 carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, 22800 Ensenada B.C., México. Beryllium nitride thin films were grown on silicon substrates by laser ablating a beryllium foil in molecular nitrogen ambient. The composition and chemical state were determined with Auger (AES), X-Ray photoelectron (XPS) and energy loss (EELS) spectroscopies. A low absorption coefficient in the visible region, and an optical bandgap of 3.8 eV, determined by reflectance ellipsometry, were obtained for films grown at nitrogen pressures higher than 25 mTorr. The results show that the reaction of beryllium with nitrogen is very effective using this preparation method, producing high quality films. keywords: Beryllium nitride, laser ablation, thin films, wide bandgap, optical properties. PACS numbers: 81.05.Je, 81.15.Fg, 81.40.Tv *Corresponding author. Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada UNAM, P.O. Box 439036, San Ysidro CA 92143. Tel. ++52-6-174 4602. Fax. ++52-6-174 4603. E-mail address: [email protected] 1 The production and characterization of nitrides materials are subject of many publications due to technological importance. An important example is the research done to obtain a material suitable for laser diodes emitting in the blue/ultraviolet region. A very important feature is the quantum efficiency, therefore the material must own a direct band-gap. -
WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C12N 15/10 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/DK20 15/050343 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 11 November 2015 ( 11. 1 1.2015) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (25) Filing Language: English PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (26) Publication Language: English SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: PA 2014 00655 11 November 2014 ( 11. 1 1.2014) DK (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 62/077,933 11 November 2014 ( 11. 11.2014) US kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 62/202,3 18 7 August 2015 (07.08.2015) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (71) Applicant: LUNDORF PEDERSEN MATERIALS APS TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, [DK/DK]; Nordvej 16 B, Himmelev, DK-4000 Roskilde DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, (DK). -
42 the Reaction Between Zinc and Copper Oxide
The reaction between zinc and copper oxide 42 In this experiment copper(II) oxide and zinc metal are reacted together. The reaction is exothermic and the products can be clearly identified. The experiment illustrates the difference in reactivity between zinc and copper and hence the idea of competition reactions. Lesson organisation This is best done as a demonstration. The reaction itself takes only three or four minutes but the class will almost certainly want to see it a second time. The necessary preparation can usefully be accompanied by a question and answer session. The zinc and copper oxide can be weighed out beforehand but should be mixed in front of the class. If a video camera is available, linked to a TV screen, the ‘action’ can be made more dramatic. Apparatus and chemicals Eye protection Bunsen burner • Heat resistant mat Tin lid Beaker (100 cm3) Circuit tester (battery, bulb and leads) (Optional) Safety screens (Optional) Test-tubes, 2 (Optional – see Procedure g) Test-tube rack Access to a balance weighing to the nearest 0.1 g The quantities given are for one demonstration. Copper(II) oxide powder (Harmful, Dangerous for the environment), 4 g Zinc powder (Highly flammable, Dangerous for the environment), 1.6 g Dilute hydrochloric acid, approx. 2 mol dm-3 (Irritant), 20 cm3 Zinc oxide (Dangerous for the environment), a few grams Copper powder (Low hazard), a few grams. Concentrated nitric acid (Corrosive, Oxidising), 5 cm3 (Optional – see Procedure g) Technical notes Copper(II) oxide (Harmful, Dangerous for the environment) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 26. Zinc powder (Highly flammable, Dangerous for the environment) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 107 Dilute hydrochloric acid (Irritant at concentration used) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 47A and Recipe Card 31 Concentrated nitric acid (Corrosive, Oxidising) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 67 Copper powder (Low hazard) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 26 Zinc oxide (Dangerous for the environment) Refer to CLEAPSS® Hazcard 108. -
Zinc Oxide Sulfide Scavenger Contains a High-Quality Zinc Oxide
ZINC OXIDE ZINC OXIDE sulfide scavenger contains a high-quality ZINC OXIDE. The very fine particle-size of ZINC OXIDE scavenger results in a maximum amount of surface area for fast, efficient sulfide scavenging. It reacts with sulfides (see APPLICATIONS below) to form ZnS. This precipitate is an insoluble, inert, fine solid that remains harmlessly in the mud system or is removed by the solids-control equipment. Typical Physical Properties Physical appearance ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ White to off-white powder Specific gravity .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5.4 – 5.6 Bulk density ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 164 lb/ft3 (2627 kg/m3) Applications Under operating conditions, ZINC OXIDE scavenger reacts with sulfides to form ZnS, as shown in these equations: Zn2+ + HS- + OH- → ZnS ↓ + 2+ 2- H2O Zn + S → ZnS ↓ INC XIDE Z O scavenger is effective at the pH levels found in drilling fluids. It is recommended that a pH above 11 be maintained whenever H2S is - 2- expected. This high alkalinity converts the dangerous H2S gas to less toxic bisulfide