(3 Year Programme) Moot Court Exercise and Internship

Ordinance, Scheme and Syllabys for LL.B. (3 year Programme)

Course Title: Bachelor of Law Abbreviation: LL.B Type of Course: Three Year Degree Course Pattern; Semester Award of Degree: Bachelor of Law Degree will be awarded for those who successfully complete all the components and declared pass in the programme after six semesters.

1. It is a three year degree programme. Examination shall be conducted at the end of each semester as per the academic calendar notified by the university. 2. The maximum age for seeking admission into a stream of Three Year Bachelor Degree Course in Law, is limited to thirty years with right of the University to give concession of 5 further years for the applicant belonging to SC or ST or any other Backward Community. 3. There will be two components of the examination: (a) Internal Assessment (IA), & (b) External or Term End examination (EA). The weight of IA will be 20 percent and EA will be 80 percent in each paper unless otherwise specified. 4. The minimum marks required to pass any subject in an examination shall be 40% individual component but 50% in aggregate in both the components and in practical separately unless otherwise specified. 5. Students who do not obtain the required minimum percentage shall be declared fail and will be eligible for reappear next year. However, they will have the option to retain the marks in the papers in which they have secured pass marks i.e. 40% or more. There will be no supplementary examination. 6. In case of re- appearance the result will be prepared on the basis of the candidate‘s performance in current examination. 7. Re-appearance in passed practical is not permitted. 8. The duration of the under graduate degree programme is 3 years. The time span period to complete the course shall be t+2 years from the year of admission. Where‗t‘ is the minimum period of the programme. 9. The term-end examination papers will be divided into 3 Sections. 10. The number of papers in each elective subject and the maximum marks for each paper together with the minimum marks required for a pass are shown against each subject separately in the table given below. 11. First Division 60% and Second Division 50% of the aggregate marks prescribed at Examinations. Division will be awarded at the end of final year under graduate examination. 12. However the marks obtained in compulsory papers will not be counted while awarding the division. 13. Prohibition against lateral entry and exit: There shall be no lateral entry on the plea of graduation in any subject or exit by way of awarding a degree splitting the integrated double degree course, at any intermediary stage of integrated double degree course.

Moot court exercise and Internship:

This paper may have three components of 30 marks each and a viva for 10 marks. (a) Moot Court (30 Marks). Every student may be required to do at least three moot courts in a year with 10 marks for each. The moot court work will be on assigned problem and it will be evaluated for 5 marks for written submissions and 5 marks for oral advocacy.

(b) Observance of Trial in two cases, one Civil and one Criminal (30 marks): Students may be required to attend two trials in the course of the last two or three years of LL.B. studies. They will maintain a record and enter the various steps observed during their attendance on different days in the court assignment. This scheme will carry 30 marks. (c) Interviewing techniques and Pre-trial preparations and Internship diary (30 marks): Each student will observe two interviewing sessions of clients at the Lawyer‘s Office/Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary, which will carry 15 marks. Each student will further observe the preparation of documents and court papers by the Advocate and the procedure for the filing of the suit/petition. This will be recorded in the diary, which will carry 15 marks. (d) The fourth component of this paper will be Viva Voce examination on all the above three aspects. This will carry 10 marks.

Admission Eligibility:

(a) Three Year Law Degree Course: Bachelor‘s Degree in any discipline with 45% marks from any recognised University. (An applicant who has graduated in any discipline of knowledge from a University established by an Act of Parliament or by a State legislature or an equivalent national institution recognized as a Deemed to be University or foreign University recognized as equivalent to the status of an Indian University by an authority competent to declare equivalence, may apply for a three years‘ degree program in law leading to conferment of LL.B. degree on successful completion of the regular program conducted by a University whose degree in law is recognized by the Bar Council of India for the purpose of enrolment.) Attendance: Every student shall be required to complete 75% attendance in classes. A student with less than 75% attendance will be detained from appearing at the examinations of the relevant course. A student who cannot attend classes because of participation in inter-university games & sports, cultural activities, etc. will be given attendance as per rules Mid-term examinations: The internal Assessment will carry 20 percent marks. The number of mid term examinations one or two will be decided by the university authorities and notified to the students. There will be no internal assessment in practical examination. Marking Scheme: The marking scheme will be different for different faculties. In Faculty of Law the university follows the numerical marking scheme. Passing Criteria: For pass in LL.B a student must have obtained 50% marks in aggregate. Internal Assessment 20 Marks: Attendance 5 Marks (75% & above), One mid semester examination or Home Assignment of 10 Marks and class test/ presentation/ viva voce of 5 marks. Semester-end examination at the end of each semester will be held of 3 hours duration of 80 Marks. Scheme of Examination: The paper is divided into 3 sections. Section- A (1x10=10) consists of 10 questions. Each question carries one mark. Attempt all questions. Section- B (5 x 8 =40) consists of 5 questions with internal choice in each unit. Attempt all questions. Each question carries 8 marks. Word limit (300 -500 words) Section- C (2 x 15=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 2 questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Word limit (500 words or more). Or Section- C (3 x 10=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 3 questions. Each question carries 10 marks. Word limit (500 words or more)

Structure of the Programme:

Subjects of Study at LL.B is given for each Semester here under: Semester- I

1. Law of Contract- I 2. Law of Torts 3. Constitution Law - I 4. Family law (Hindu Law) 5. English & Legal Language Semester- II

6. Contract- II 7. Family Law –II Mohammedan Law 8. Constitution Law of India- II 9. Legal and Constitutional History of India 10. Environmental LawG11 Semester- III 11. Jurisprudence 12. Insurance 13. Law of Crimes 14. Transfer of Property& Easement 15. Labour Law-I Semester- IV

16. Company Law 17. Administrative Law 18. Professional Ethics, Lawyers Accountability and Bar- Bench Relation & Moot Court (Practical) 19. Public International Law 20. Labour Law- II Semester- V

21. Law of Evidence 22. Public Interest Lawyering, Legal Aid and Paralegal Services & Moot Court (Practical viva voce) 23. Code of Criminal Procedure Juvenile Justice Act 2015 and Probation of offenders act 1958 24. Trust Equity and Fiduciary Relationship 25. Criminology and Penology Semester- VI

26. Civil Procedure Code and limitation Act 1963 27. Land Law 28. Human Rights and Practice 29. Arbitration, Conciliation and Alternative Disputes Resolution System 30. Drafting, Pleading, Conveyancing and Moot Court Trial (Practical written paper & Viva voce)

Semester- I LL.B ( 3 Year Programme) Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Term Hours End exams Max. Min Max Min I Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Contract- I 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 Law of Torts 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Constitution Law of India - I 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Family law – I (Hindu Law) 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 5. 1 English &Legal Language 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

PAPER-I LAW OF CONTRACT-I UNIT-I: General Principles of Law of Contract-History and nature of contractual obligations. Agreement and Contract: difinitions, elements, characteristics and kinds.Proposal and acceptance- various forms, essential elements, communication and revocation- proposal and invitation to proposal, floating offers, tenders.Consideration- need, meaning, kinds, essential elements- nudum pactum- Privity of contract and of consideration- its exceptions, adequacy of consideration, present, past and future consideration, unlawful consideration and its effects, views of Law Commission of India on consideration, evaluation of the doctrine of consideration. UNIT-II Capacity to Contract- Meaning- incapacity to contract- minor‘s Agreements- definition of ‗minor‘, necessaries supplied to a minor, agreements beneficial and detrimental to a minor, affirmation- restitution in cases of minor‘s agreements, fraud by a minor, agreements made on behalf of a minor, minor‘s agreements and estoppels, evaluation of the law relating to minor‘s agreements. Consent- Free consent- Its need, definition and factors vitiating free consent. Coercion- definition, essential elements, duress and coercion Various illustrations of coercion, doctrine of economic duress, effect of coercion, Undue Influence- definition, essential elements, parties between whom such influence in presumed, where liability to prove the existence of undue influence, who is to prove it?, Illustrations of undue influence, independent advice, Pardahanashin women, unconscionable bargains, effect of undue influence, misrepresentation- definition, misrepresentation of law and of fact, their effects and illustration, Fraud- definition, essential elements- suggestions falsi-suppresio veri, when does silence amounts to fraud?, Active- concealment, importance of intention. Mistake- definition, kinds, fundamental error, mistake of law and of fact, their effects when does a mistake vitiate free consent and when does it not vitiate free consent? UNIT-III Legality of objects: Void and voidable agreements- void, voidable, illegal and unlawful agreements and their effects, Lawful and unlawful considerations and objects, Forbidden by law, Defeating the provision of any law, Fraudulent, Injurious to person of property, Immoral, Against public policy, Void Agreements- Agreements without consideration, Agreements in restraint of marriage, Agreements in restraint of trade, its exceptions- sale of goodwill, section 11 restrictions, exceptions under the partnership Act, trade combinations, exclusive dealing agreements, restraints on employees under agreements of service, Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings- its exceptions, Uncertain agreements, Wagering agreement- its exception. Discharge of a contract and its various modes.

By performance- conditions of valid tender of performance How?, By whom? Where? When? In what manner? Performance of reciprocal promises, time as essence of contract, By breach- anticipatory breach and present breach, Impossibility of performance- Specific grounds of frustration- application to leases, theories of frustration, effect of frustration, frustration and restitution, By period of limitation, By agreement- rescission and alteration, their effect, remission and waiver of performance, extension of time- accord and satisfaction. UNIT-IV Quasi-contracts or certain relations resembling those created by contract. Remedies in contractual relations; Damages- kinds, remoteness of damages, ascertainment of damages, Injunction- when granted and when refused, Why?, Refund and restitution, Specific performance- When?, Why? Government as a Contracting Party; Constitutional provisions- government power to contract- procedural requirements. Standard Form Contracts; Nature, advantages- unilateral character, principles of protection against the possibility of exploitation, judicial approach to such contracts, exemption clauses, clash between two standard form contracts, Law Commission of India‘s views. UNIT-V Consumer protection Act- 1986. Leading Cases- 1- Carlil V/s Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (1883) I.Q.B. 256. 2- Bhagwan Das V/s Girdhari Lal & Company, AIR 1966 S.C. 543. 3- Lalman Shukla V/s Gauri Dutt All. IJ (1913) 409. 4- Mohri Bibi V/s Dharmodas Ghose (1903) I.A. 172. 5- Indian Medical Association V/s V.P. Shantha, AIR 1996 SC 500. 6- J.J. Merchant V/s Shrinath Chaturvedi, AIR 2002 SC 2931.

PAPER-II LAW OF TORTS UNIT-I Evolution of Law of Torts England- forms of action- specific remedies from case to case, India- Principles of justice equity and good conscience- uncodified character, advantages and disadvantages. Definition, Nature, Scope and Objects A wrongful act- violation of duty imposed by law, duty which is owed to people generally (in rem), damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum, Tort distinguished from crime, breach of contract and Quasi Contract, The concept of unliquidated damages, Changing scope of law of torts : expanding character of duties owned to people generally due to complexities of modern society, Objects- prescribing standards of human conduct, redressal of wrongs by payment of compensation, prescribing unlawful conduct by injunction. Principles of Liability in Torts Fault, Wrongful intent, negligence, Liability without fault, Violation of ethical codes, Statutory liability, Place of motive in torts. UNIT-II Justification in Tort Volenti non fit injuria, Necessity, private and public, Plaintiff‘s default, Act of God, Inevitable accident, Private defence, Statutory authority, Judicial and quasi-judicial acts, Parental and quasi-parental authority. Extinguishment of liability in certain situations Actio personalis moritur cum persona- exceptions, Waiver and acquiescence, Release, Accord and satisfaction, Limitation.

Standing: Who may sue-aggrieved individual- class action- social action group, Statutes granting standing to certain persons or groups, Who may not be sued? Doctrine of sovereign immunity and its relevance in India Vicarious Liability Basic, scope and justification, Express authorization, Ratification, Abetment, Special relationships : Master and servant- arising out of and in the course of employment – who is master? – the control test, who is servant? – borrowed servant, independent contractor and servant, distinguished- Principal and agent, Corporation and principal officer. Absolute/Strict liability The rule in Rylands v. Fletcher, Liability for harm caused by inherently dangerous industries. UNIT-III Torts against persons and personal relations Assault, battery, mayhem, False imprisonment, Defamation- libel, slander including law relating to privileges, Marital relations, domestic relations, parental relations, master and servant relations, Malicious prosecution, Shortened expectation of life, Nervous shock. Wrongs affecting property Trespass to land, trespass ab initio, dispossession, movable property- trespass to goods, detinue, conversion, Torts against business interests- injurious false hood, misstatements, passing off. UNIT-IV Negligence Basic concepts, Theories of negligence, Standards of care, duty to take care, carelessness, inadvertence, Doctrine of contributory negligence, Res ipsa loquitor and its importance in contemporary law, Liability due to negligence : different professionals, Liability of common carriers for negligence. Nuisance Definition, essentials and types, Acts which constitute nuisance obstructions of highway, pollution of air, water, noise and interference with light and air. UNIT-V Legal remedies Legal remedies, Award of damages – simple, special, punitive, Remot- eness of damage – foresee ability and directness, Injunction, Specific restriction of property, Extra-legal remedies – self help, re-entry on land, re-caption of goods, distress damage feasant and abetment of nuisance. Motor vehicle Act 1988 as amended up to date and rules under the Act. Leading Cases- 1- Ushaben V/s Bhagya Laxmi Chitra Mandir. AIR 1970, GUJ. 18. 2- Municipal corpn. Of Delhi V/s Subhagwanti AIR 1966 S.C. page 1750.0 3- Rylands V/s Fletcher (1869) IR HT 330. 4- Union Carbide Corporation V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 248. 5- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965. PAPER-III CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA -I UNIT-I Introductory Making of Indian Constitution., Short Title, commencement of the constitution, authoratative text in the Hindi language, Nature and special features of the Indian Constitution. Challenges to Indian Federalism, Preamble, The Union & its territory Citizenship and state. Fundamental Rights - Concept of Fundamental Rights. Constitutional provisions relating to Fundamental rights. Articles 12 Definition of State, Article 13, Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Right, Doctrine of Eclipse, Doctrine of waiver, Doctrine of severability. Article 14 to 18 Right to Equality. UNIT-II

Fundamental Rights: Right to freedom Article 19-22, Right against exploitation Article 23, 24, Right to freedom of Religion Article 25-28, Cultural and Educational Rights Art 29, 30, Right to Constitutional Remedy; The Union Executive The President Election, qualifications, salary and impeachment, power: Legislative, Executive and dictionary power Constitutional provision and Vice-President of India, Council of Ministers. Prime Minister- Cabinet system- Collective responsibility, Coalition Government. UNIT-III The Union Legislature Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, Legislative process privileges of the parliament & state legislature, legislative privileges and fundamental rights. Judiciary under the Indian Constitution: Judicial independence The Union and State Judiciary- The Supreme Court and High Courts. UNIT-IV Services under the constitution- Doctrine of Pleasure (Article 310), Protection against arbitrary dismissal, removal or reduction in rank (Article 311) and exceptions to Article 311., Public Service Commission of the Union and the states. UNIT-V Emergency- Meaning and scope., National, State and Financial emergency. Proclamation of Emergency- conditions, effect of emergency on centre- state relations. Emergency and suspension of fundamental rights. Leading Cases- 1- Keshvanand Bharti V/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 S.C. 1461 2- Maneka Gandhi V/s Union of India, AIR 1978 S.C. 597 3- Indra Sawhney V/s Union of India, AIR 1993, S.C. 477. 4- S.R. Bommai V/s Union of India, AIR 1994, S.C. 1918. 5- Vishaka V/s State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997, S.C. 3014.

PAPER-IV FAMILY LAW (HINDU LAW) UNIT-I Introduction- Sources, Schools and application, Religious and Charitable Endowment- Essentials of an Endowment, Kinds, Shebait and Mahant. Joint Family- Mitakshara joint family, Mitakshara coparcenery- formation and incidents, Property under Mitakshara law- separate property and coparcenary property, Dayabhaga coparcenary- formation and incidents, property, under Dayabhaga law, Karta of the joint family- his position, powers, privileges and obligations, Alienation of property- separate and coparcenary, Debts- doctrines of pious obligations and antecedent debt, Partition and re-union, Joint Hindu family as a social security institution and impact of Hindu Gains of Learning Act and various tax laws on it, Matrilineal joint family. UNIT-II : Customary practices and State regulation Conditions of Hindu Marriage, Its ceremonies and Registrations, Void and Voidable marriage, Polygamy, Concubinage, Child marriage, Sati, Dowry. Conversion and its effect on family Marriage, Adoption, Guardianship, Succession. Matrimonial Remedies Non-judicial resolution of marital conflicts- (a) Customary dissolution of marriage- unilateral divorce, divorce by mutual consent and other modes of dissolution, judicial resolution of maritil conflicts: the family court, Nullity of marriage, Option of puberty, Restitution of conjugal rights, judicial separation, Desertion: a ground for matrimonial relief, Cruelty : a ground for matrimonial relief, Adultery : a ground for matrimonial relief, Other grounds for matrimonial relief, Divorce by mutual consent under : Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 : Bar to matrimonial relief : Doctrine of strict proof, Taking advantage of one‘s own wrong or disability, Accessory, Connivance, Collusion, Condonation, Improper or unnecessary delay, Residuary clause- no other legal ground exists for refusing the matrimonial relief. UNIT-III Inheritance: Historical perspective of traditional Hindu law as a background to the study of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of a Hindu male dying intestate under the provisions

7 of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Devolution of interest in Mitakshara coparcenary with reference to the provisions of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Disqualification relating to succession, General rules of succession. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 : Succession to the property of a Hindu male, Succession to interest in coparcenary property, property of a Hindu female, Succession to the property of a Hindu female, General rules and disqualifications of succession, Escheat. UNIT-IV Alimony and maintenance Maintenance of neglected wives, divorced wives, minor children, disabled children, and parents who are unable to support themselves; provisions under the code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Alimony and maintence as an independent remedy: a review under personal law, need for reforming the law, Alimony and maintenance as an ancillary relief. Child and the Family Legitimacy, Adoption, Custody, maintenance and education, Guardianship and parental rights- welfare of the child principle. The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956: Requisites of valid adoption, Capacity to take in adoption, capacity to give ‗in‘ adoption, persons who may be adopted, other conditions for a valid adoption. Effects of adoption, Miscellaneous provision of adoption. Maintenance of wife, children and parents, Maintenance of widowed daughter-in law, Dependents and their maintenance. Amount of maintenance, Miscellaneous provisions of maintenance. UNIT-V The Hindu minority and Guardianship Act, 1956: Natural guardians and Their powers, Testamentary guardians and their powers, de facto guardian general provisions of guardianship. Partition: Meaning, property for partition, persons entitled to claim partition and allotment of shares, partition how effected, Determination of Share, Reopening of partition. Re-union, Debts- Doctrine of pious obligation antecedent Debts. Family and its changing patterns New emerging trends, Attenuation of family ties, Working women and their impact on spousal relationship: composition of family, status and role of women, New property concepts, such as skill and job as new forms of property, Factors affecting the family: demographic, environmental, religious and legislative processes of social change in India: Sanskritization, westernization, secularization, universalization, parochialization, modernization, industrialization and urbanization. Settlement of spousal property Need for development of law Establishment of Family Courts Constitution, power and functions, Administration of gender justice. Uniform Civil code- need for Religious pluralism and its implications, Connotations of the directive contained in Article 44 of the Constitution, Impediments to the formulation of the Uniform Civil Code, The idea of Optional Uniform Civil Code.

Leading Cases- 1- Shastri Yagna Purushdasji V/s Muldas, AIR 1966 S.C. 1153. 2- Hanooman Prasad V/s Mussamat Babooee Mandraj Kunwaree (1856) 6 M.I.A. 305 3- Gita Hariharan V/s Reserve Bank of India, AIR 1999 S.C. 1149. 4- Bipin Chander V/s Prabhavati, AIR 1957 S.C. 176. 5- Dr. N.G. Dastane V/s Sucheta Dastane, AIR 1975 S.C. 1534.

PAPER –V ENGLISH AND LEGAL LANGUAGE UNIT-I Meaning of interpretation, its distinction from constructions, kinds of interpretation Grammatical and logical, intention of legislation Cardinal principles of interpretation; Plain meaning rule; Golden rule and mischief rule, Aids to interpretation, Internal : Long title, Preamble, Headings, marginal Notes, Non obstante clause, Punctuation, Proviso, External : Parliamentary History; legislative debate, Reports of Committees and Commission, Statement of Objects and Reasons, Historical facts and surrounding circumstance, Dictionary. UNIT-II Maxims of interpretation : Ejusdem Generies, Nosciture a Sociis, Utres magis valeat qavam pereat, Statute in pari materia, Operation of statutes, Expiry and repeal of Statutes, Mandatory provisions, Use of Statutes, Construction of Fiscal Statutes Interpretation of Penal Statutes and Interpretation of Constitution, colourable legislation, Doctrine of pith and substance and Doctrine of eclipse, etc. UNIT-III Vocabulary: Use of legal phrases and terms; pairs of words; one word substitution (A) Vocabulary : List of Legal terms which are relevant for LL.B. students: Abet, Abstain, Accomplice, Act of God, Actionable, Accused, Adjournment, Adjudication, Admission, Affidavit, Amendment, Appeal, Acquittal, Articles, Assent, Attested, Attornment, Averment, Bail, Bailment, Citation, Clause, Coercion, Code, Cognizable, Confession, Compromise, Consent, Conspiracy, Contempt, Contingent, Contraband, Conviction, Convention, Corporate, Custody, Damages, Decree, Defamation, Defence, Excheat, Estoppel, Eviction, Executive, Ex-parte, Finding, Floating, charge Forma Pauperis, Franchise, Fraud, Frustration, Good faith, Guardian, Habeas Corpus. Hearsay, Homicide, Hypothication, Illegal, Indemnity, Inheritance, Bench, Bill, Bill of attainder, Bill of rights, Blockade, Bonafide, By-laws, Capital Punishment, Charge, Chattles, Justiciable, Legislation, Legitimacy, Liability, Liberty, Licence, Lien, Liquidation, Maintenance, Malafide, Malfeasance, Minor, Misfeasance, Mortgage, Murder, Negligence, Negotiable Instruments Neutrality, Non-feasance, Notification, Novation, Nuisance, Oath, Obscene, Offender, Order, Ordinance, Over-rule, De-facto, De Jure, Deposit, Detention, Discretion, Distress, Earnest Money, Enact, Enforceable, Equality, Partition, Perjury, Petition, Plaintiff, Pledge, Preamble, Pre-emption, Prescription, Presumption, Privilege, Privity, Prize, Process, Promissory Note, Proof, Proposal, Prosecution, Proviso, Ratify, Receiver, Redemption, Reference, Regulation, Remand, Remedy, Rent, Repeal, Res Judicata, Respondent, In Limine, Insanity, Institute, Insurance, Interstate, Issue, Judgement, Judicial, Jurisdiction, Justice, Restitution, Rule, Ruling, Schedule, Section, Settlement, Sovereignty, Specific Performance, Stamp duty, Status quo, Statute, Stay of execution, Succession, Summons, Surety, Tenant, Testator, Testatrix, Title, Tort, Trade Mark, Treason, Treaty, Trespass, Trial, Tribunal, Ultra Vires, Undue influence, Usage, Valid, Verdict, Vested, Violate, Vis- major, Void, Voidable, Wager, Waiver, Warrant, Warranty, Will, Writ, Wrong,

10. Amicus curaie (friend of the court) 11. Animus (Intention) 12. Audi alterem partem (hear the other side). 13. Caveat emptor (buyer beware). 14. Consensus ad idem (agreement by two persons upon the same thing in the same sense). 15. Damnum sine injuria (damage without injury). 16. De facto (in fact). 17. De jure (in law). 18. De minimis non curat lex (the law takes no account of trifling matters). 19. Decree nisi (a decree which takes effect after a specified period). 20. Delegatus non potest delegare (a delegated power can not be further delegated). 21. Doli incapax (incapable in malice). 22. Donatio mortis causa (gift by a person on the death bed). 23. Ejusdem generis (of the same category). 24. Eminent domain (the supreme right). 25. Ex-officio (by virtue of an office). 26. Ex-parte (not in the presence of the opposite party). 27. Ex-post-facto (by subsequent act). 28. Factum valet (the fact which cannot be altered). 29. Fait accompli (an accomplished fact). 30. Ignorentia legis neminem excuset (ignorance of law is no excuse). 31. In pari materia (in an analogous case, cause or position). 32. Injuria sine damno (injury without damage) 33. Interest republicae ut sit finis litium (it is in the interest of the republic that there should be an end of law suit). 34. Intra-vires (within the powers) 35. Jus tertii (The right of a third party) 36. Lis pendens (pending suit) 37. Mens rea (a guilty mind) 38. Mesne profits (the profits received bya person on wrongful possession). 39. Nemo det quod non habet (no man can't transfer better title than he has himself). 40. Nemo det bis vexari pro et idem causa (no man be twice vexed for the same cause). 41. Nemo in propria causa judex esse debet (no one ought to be a judge in his own case) 42. Nolle prosequi (to be unwilling to prosecute). 43. Obiter dicta (an opinion of law not necessary to the decision) 44. Onus probandi (the burden of proof) 45. Pacta sunt servanda (pact must be respected) 46. Pendente lite (during litigation) 47. Per Capita (per head) 48. Per incuriam (through inadvertence or carelessness). 49. Per stripes (by stocks) 50. Plenum dominium (full stocks) 51. Pro bono publico (for the public good) 52. Ratio decidendi (grounds for decision, principles of the case). 53. Res geste (connected facts forming the part of the same transaction). 54. Res ipsa loquitur (the thing speaks for itself) 55. Res judicata (a matter already adjudicated upon). 56. Res nullius (an ownerless thing) 57. Rule nisi (a rule or order upon condition that is to become absolute when cause is shown to the contrary). 58. Status quo (existing position) 59. Sub judice (in course of adjudication).

60. Sui juris (one's own right). 61. Suo motu (of ones own accord) 62. Ubi jus ibi remedium (where there is a right, there is a remedy). 63. Ultra vires (beyond the powers of). 64. Volenti non fit unjuria (Risk taken voluntarily is not actionable). UNIT-V Writing of legal drafts letters and applications; Essay writing on topics of legal interest; Translation from Hindi to English and English to Hindi. Note : Except in a question relating to translation from English to Hindi; answers to Questions asked in unit 3, 4 & 5th are to be given in English. Select Bibliography: 1. Galnville William : Learning the Law. 2. Wren & Martin : English Grammar. 3. Ganga Sahai Sharma : Fundamental of Legal Writing. 4. Hindi-English Legal glossary : Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Ministry of Law, Government of India, New Delhi. 5. David Green : Contemporary English Grammar, structure and composition. 6. Ishtiaque Abidi : Law and Language. 7. Law Lexicon & Legal Maxims by Venketaramanaija. Leading Cases : 1. Heydon's Case (1584) 3 Co Rep. 7a p. 76: ER 637 2. Bengal Immunity Company v. State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 661. 61 3. Alamgir V. State of Bihar, AIR 1959 SC 436. 4. Inder Singh V. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1957 SC 510. Select Bibliography: 1. Maxwell - The interpretation of Statutes. 2. Crawford - Statutory constitution. 3. Craies - Statute Law. 4. Swarup - Interpretation of Statutes. 5. Bindra - Interpretation of Statutes. 6. Sarathi - Interpretation of Statutes. 7. Bhattacharya, T., - Interpretation of Statutes (English & Hindi) 8. Radha Gupta- Interpretation of Statutes (Hindi) ***

Semester- II LL.B (3 Year Programme)

Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Hours Semester-end exams Max. Min Max Min II Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Contract- II 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 Family Law –II Mohammedan Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Constitution Law of India- II 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Legal and Constitutional History of 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) India 5. 1 Environmental Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

UNIT-III Agency Identification of different kinds of agency transactions in day to day life in the commercial world, Kinds of agents and agencies, Distinction between agent and servant, Essentials of a agency transaction, Various methods of creation of agency, Delegation, Duties and rights of agent, Scope and extent of agent‘s authority, Liability of the principal of acts of the agent including misconduct and tort of the agent, Liability of the agent towards the principal, Personal liability towards the parties, Methods of termination of agency contract, Liability of the principal and agent before and after such termination. Specific relief under Specific Relief Act, 1963 Specific performance of contract, Contract that can be specifically enforced, Persons against whom specific enforcement can be ordered. Rescission and cancellation Injunction, Temporary, Perpetual. Declaratory orders. UNIT-IV Sale of Goods Concept of sale as a contract, Illustrative instances of sale of goods and the nature of such contracts, Essentials of contract of sale, Essential conditions in every contract of sale, Implied terms in contract of sale, The rule of caveat emptor and the exceptions thereto under the Sale of Goods Act, Changing concept of caveat emptor, Effect and meaning of implied warranties in a sale, Transfer of title and passing of risk, Delivery of goods: Various rules regarding delivery of goods, Unpaid seller and his rights, Remedies for breach of contract, Concept of nemo dat quad non habet with exceptions. UNIT-V Partnership Nature of partnership : Definition, Distinct advantages and disadvantages vis-à-vis partnership and private limited company, Mutual relationship between partners, Authority of partners, Admission of partners, Outgoing of partners, Registration of Partnership, Dissolution of Partnership. Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008. Leading Cases- 1- National Bank of India Ltd. V/s Sohan Lal, AIR 1962 Punjab 534 2- Amrit Lal Gordhan Lallan V/s State Bank of Travancore, AIR 1960 S.C. 1432 3- Patnaik & Company V/s State of Orissa, AIR 1965 S.C. 1655. 4- State of Gujarat V/s Maman Mohd., AIR 1967 S.C. 1885

PAPER-II FAMILY LAW- II (MOHAMMEDAN LAW) UNIT-I Evolution and application of Law- Origin, Development, Sources, Schools, Application, Interpretation, conversion. Marriage- Nature of marriage, Essentials of marriage, Khyar-ul-bulug, Iddat, Khilwat-us-sahih. Matrimonial Stipulations, Kinds of marriages, Effects of marriages. UNIT-II Mahar (Dower) Meaning, Nature, Kinds of Dower, Objects of Dower, Subject matter of Dower. Wife‘s right on non- payment of dower. Dissolution of marriage- Historical background, Talaq, Various kinds of Talaq. Sec. 2 of the Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939., Legal Effect of Divorce.. UNIT-III Pre-emption (Haq Shufa) Historical background of law., Meaning, Nature of Pre-emption., Classification of Pre-emption, Essential formalities, Right of Pre-emption when there is conflict of laws. Subject matter of pre-emption., Legal effect of pre-emption., Devices for evading pre-emption. Gift (Hiba)

Meaning, Requisites of valid gift., Gift of musha, Conditional and future gift. Life estate and life interest, Hiba-bil-ewaj, Hiba-ba-shart-ul-ewaj. UNIT-IV Will (Vasiyat)- Competency of testator and legatee., Valid subject of will., Testamentary limitation., Formalities of a will., Abatement of Legacy. Legitimacy and Acknowledgement- Legitimacy and Legitimation., Presumption of Legitimacy under Muslim Law. Presumption of Legitimacy under Sec. 112 of the Indian Evidence Act. Conditions for valid acknowledgement. Maintenance Meaning, Persons entitled to maintenance, Principles of maintenance. Maintenance of Divorced Muslim woman under the Muslim woman (Protection of Right on Divorce) Act 1986- a critical review. Death Bed Transactions, Meaning of Marz-ul-maut., Effect on Transactions during Marz-ul-maut. UNIT-V Waqf- Meaning of waqf., Essentials of waqf. Kinds of waqf, Beneficiaries of waqf. Formalities for creating waqf., Waqf of musha. Administration of waqf. Mutawalli- Appointment, function, role, power, removal, Various muslim religious institutions. The waqf validationg Act, 1913. Inheritance- General Principles of Law of inheritance., Classification of heirs under Hanafi and their shares and distribution of property. Leading Cases- 1- Maina Bibi V/s Choudhary Vakil Ahmad (1925) 52 La. 145. 2- Habibur Rahman V/s Altaf Ali (1921) 481. A. 114. 3- Monshee Bazul-ul-Raheem V/s Luteefutoon- Nissa (1861) 8 MIA. 379. 4- Abdul Fata V/s Russmoy Chaudhary (1894) 2 ZIA 76 5- Mohd. Ahmad Khan V/s Shah Bano Begum AIR 1985 S.C. 945.

Paper-III CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA- II UNIT-I: Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties- Directive Principles- directions for social change- A new social order. Interrel- ationship between fundamental rights and directive principles. Fundamental Duties- The need and status in constitutional set-up. UNIT-II: The State Executive The Governor, The Council of Ministers, Relationship between the Governor and the Council of Ministers. The State Legislature Vidhan Sabha, Vidhan Parishad. The Panchyats The Municiplaties. UNIT-III: Union and State Relationship- Legislative relationship, Administrative relationship. Financial relationship. Subordinate Judiciary Judges: appointment, removal, transfer and condition of services, Judicial review- nature and scope. UNIT-IV: State liability in contracts and Torts. Suits by and against the state. Property Rights (Article 300-A) Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse. UNIT-V: The Amendment of the Constitution- Necessity of Amending provisions in the Constitution, ; Procedure for Amendment. Amendments of fundamental rights. Judicial review of amendment and the theory of Basic Structure. Temporary provision with respect of the state of J&K.

Leading Cases- 1- Keshvanand Bharti V/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 S.C. 1461 2- Maneka Gandhi V/s Union of India, AIR 1978 S.C. 597 3- Indra Sawhney V/s Union of India, AIR 1993, S.C. 477. 4- S.R. Bommai V/s Union of India, AIR 1994, S.C. 1918. 5- Vishaka V/s State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997, S.C. 3014.

PAPER- IV LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF India

UNIT-I Judicial Systems in Ancient India- Judicial system in ancient India: Hindu Period, Ancient Hindu social order and religions philosophy, Administration of justice, Judicial system in medieval India: Muslim Period, The Mughal period: Judicial system. Administration of Justice in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta- Emergence of the East India company : development of authority under charters, Trading body to a territorial power : subsequent charters, Administration of justice in Madras from 1639 to 1726, Administration of justice in Bombay 1668- 1726, Administration of justice in Calcutta 1619- 1726. The Mayors Court- Genesis of the Charter of 1726, Provisions of the charter, Working in judicial system, Charter of 1753, Defects of judicial systems. UNIT-II Adalat system- Grant of Diwani, Execution of Diwani Functions, judicial plan of 1772, Defects of the plan, New plan of 1774, Reorganization of adalats in 1780, Reforms of 1781, The first civil code, Reforms in the administrations of criminal justice. The Regulating Act 1773- Charter of 1774 and the Supreme Court of Calcutta, Some land mark cases: Issue of Raja Nandkumar (1775): whether a judicial murder?, The Patna cases (1777-79), The Cossijurah case (1779-80), Act of settlement 1781, Major defects, Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay, Law and administration in the Supreme Court. Judicial Reforms- Judicial reforms of Cornwallis, Problems of judicial reforms 1793 1833, Impact of reforms by Cornwallis 1793, Reforms of Sir John Shore (1793) Reforms of Lord Wellesley (1798), Reforms of Lord Cornwallis (1805), Reforms of Lord Minto (1807), Lord Hastings administration of justice (1813), Judicial reforms of Lord Bentick (1828), Defects of the systems. UNIT-III Establishment of the High Courts The Indian High Courts Act 1861, Charter of Calcutta High Court, Allahabad High Court, The Indian High Courts Act 1911, The Government of India Act, 1915: other High courts, Jurisdiction of high courts, Posts constitutional developments. Growth of Criminal Law. Growth of personal law of Hindus and Muslims. Charter Act 1833. Growth of Justice, equity and good conscience. UNIT-IV The Indian Councils Act 1909, The Government of India Act 1919. UNIT-V The Federal Court of India- Foundation of the Federal Court, Jurisdiction, Authority of law, Expansion of jurisdiction, Abolition of the Federal Court, An assessment. Privy Council- Jurisdiction, Appeals from India, A unique institution. The Supreme Court of India- Origin, Constitution, Jurisdiction and powers, Doctrine of precedents and the Supreme Court, Recent Changes. Influence of English law in India. Prerogative writs in India. Racial discrimination. The Simon Commission and developments up to 1935, The Government of India Act 1935, The Cripps Mission, The Cabinet Mission, The Indian Independence Act 1947. Leading Cases- 1- Raja Nand Kumar Case. 2- The Cossijurah Case. 3- The Patna Case. 4- Kamaluddeen Case.

PAPER-V ENVIRONMENTAL LAW UNIT-I Concept of Environment and Pollution- Meaning and contents of environment, Meaning and contents of pollution, Kinds of pollution, Effects of pollution. Legal Control : Historical Perspective- Indian tradition : Dharma of environment, British Raj- Industrial development and exploitation of nature Nuisance- Penal code and procedural codes Environmental concerns in Modern India. UNIT-II Constitutional Protection to environment- Constitution making- development and property oriented approach Fundamental Rights and Environment- Right to clean and healthy environment, environment V/s development. Directive principles of state policy and environment Fundamental Duties and environment. Other provisions of the constitution relevant to environment Emerging Principles- Polluter pays, precautionary principle, public trust doctrine, sustainable development, Public Interest Litigation Judicial Activism Pertaining to Environmental Pollution. UNIT-III The Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1974- Application of the Act, Definitions Constitution of central, state and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualification and disqualification of the members Prevention and control of water pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981- Application of the act, Definitions Constitutions of central, State and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualifications and disqualifications of the members Prevention and control of Air pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. UNIT-IV Environment Protection Act, 1986- Application of the Act, Definitions, General Powers of the central government including the powers to give directions Prevention and control of environmental pollution and procedure thereof Penalties. UNIT-V Noise Pollution- Meaning of Noise pollution, Sources of Noise pollution, Effects of Noise pollution, Legal Control. Forests and wild life protection The Indian Forests Act, 1927- Salient features of the Act, Applicability, Power to reserve forests, power to declare forests land, powers and functions of forest settlement officer, protected forests, penalties and contraventions. The forest (conservation) Act, 1980- Objectives, application and salient features of the Act, definitions, Restrictions on the de-reservation of forests, advisory committee, offences and penalties. Wild life (Protection) Act, 1972- Objectives, applicability and salient features of the Act, Authorities, Duties of wild life Advisory Board, Hunting of wild animals, sanctuaries, National Park, Closed areas, central Zoo authority, Trade or commerce in wild animals, Animal articles and trophies, Prevention and detection of offences, penalties. International Regime- Un declaration on right to development, Stockholm, Rio etc. conferences. Green House effect and Ozone depletion Bio- diversity. Leading Cases- 1- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965 2- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1988 SC 1115 3- Vellore citizen‘s welfare forum V/s Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2715 4- Tarun Bharat Sangh, Alwar V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 514 5- A.P. Pollution control Board (II) V/s Prof. M.V. Nayudu, (2001) 2 SCC 62 ***

Semester- III LL.B ( 3 Year Programme)

Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Hours Semester-end exams Max. Min Max Min III Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Jurisprudence 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 Insurance 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Law of Crimes 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Transfer of Property& Easement 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 5. 1 Labour Law-I 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

Paper-I JURISPRUDENCE UNIT-I Introduction- Meaning, definition, nature, scope and importance of Jurisprudence. Norms and the normative system: Different types of normative systems, such as of games, language, religious orders, unions, clubs and customary practice. Legal systems as a normative order: Similarities and difference of the legal systemwith other normative systems. Law: Nature and definition given by different jurists. UNIT-II Schools of Jurisprudence: Analytical positivism, Natural Law School, Historical School, Sociological School Economic Interpretation of Law, Realist School. The Indian Jurisprudence: Origin and its nature, The concept of ‗Dharma‘. UNIT-III Purpose of Law: Justice, meaning and kinds, Justice and Law: Approaches of different schools; Power of the Supreme Court of India to render complete justice in a case with special reference to Article 142. Critical studies, Feminist Jurisprudence. Source of Law: Customs, legislations, judicial precedent and juristic writings as a source of law. Concept of Stare decisis, obiter dicta and Ratio decedendi. UNIT-IV Persons: Nature of personality, status of the unborn, minor, lunatic, drunken, dead person, idol and mosque; corporate personality- Corporate sole and corporate aggregate; dimensions of the modern legal personality of non-human beings. Possession: Concept and kinds of possession. Ownership: The concept, kinds. Relation between possession and ownership. UNIT-V Concept of legal rights, its kinds and right-duty correlation. Title Property: Concept and kinds of property. Liability: Conditions required for imposing liability, wrongful act- damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum. Causation, mensrea, intention, motive. Malice, negligence and recklessness. Strict and vicarious liability. Obligation- nature, kinds and sources of obligation. Procedure: difference between substantive and procedural laws. Evidence-nature and kinds. Theory of Punishment, Administration of justice, Capital Punishment. Leading Cases-

1- Keshavanand Bharti Vs State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461 2- A.K. Gopalan Vs State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 27 3- Maharaja Shree Ummed Mills Ltd Vs Union of India, AIR 1963 SC 953 4- Jaipur Udyog Ltd Vs Income Tax Commissioner, AIR 1965 Raj. 162 5- Shrimati Indira Nehru Gandhi Vs Raj Narayan, AIR 1975 SC 2299 6- In Re Article 143 (Keshav Singh) AIR 1965 SC 745 7- Bengal Immunity Co. Vs State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 661 8- Trilokchand Motichand V. H.B. Munshi, AIR 1970 SC 898 9- Menka Gandhi Vs Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 597.

PAPER-II INSURANCE LAW UNIT-I Introduction- definition, nature and history of insurance, concept of insurance and law of contract and law of torts, future of insurance in globalize economy, history and development of insurance in India, insurance regulatory authority- role and functions. General principles of law of insurance- Contract of insurance- classifications of contract of insurance, nature of various insurance contracts and parties thereto principle of good faith, insurable interest, the risk, the policy- classification of policies- its forms and contents, its commencements, duration, cancellation, alteration, rectification, renewal, conditions of the policy. UNIT-II Life Insurance: Nature and scope of life insurance, definition, kinds of life insurance, the policy and formation of a life insurance contract, event insured against life insurance contract, circumstances affecting the risk, amount recoverable under life policy, persons entitled to payment and settlement of claims. UNIT-III Marine Insurance: (The Marine Insurance Act, 1963) Nature, scope, classification of marine policies, insurable interest, insurable value, conditions of policy. Voyage- deviations, perils of the sea, partial loss of ship and of freight, salvage, general average, particular charges, measure of indemnity, total valuation, liability to third parties. Fire Insurance: Nature of fire insurance contract, non-disclosure and misrepresentation, standard fire policy, proximate cause, claims. UNIT-IV Insurance against third party risks: The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988- Chapter VIII- definitions, abuse, drives and motor vehicles, requirements of policy, statutory contract between insurer and drive rights of third parties, limitation of third party‘s rights, duty to inform third party, claims tribunal- constitution, functions, applications for compensation- who can apply? Procedure and powers of claims tribunal- its award. UNIT-V Social insurance in India: Important elements in social insurance, its needs, commercial insurance and social insurance. Sickness insurance, Adarkar Scheme, Stack and Rao scheme for wage earners and others risks covered, maturity and other benefits. Old age, premature death and invalidity insurance or pension insurance, public provident fund, unemployment insurance, social insurance for agricultural and unorganized labourers. Public liability insurance: the scheme and authorities. Leading Cases- 1- Glickman Vs Lancashire and General Assurance Co. (1925) 2 KB 593 2- Johnson Vs Marshall (1906) AC 409 3- Digby Vs General Accident Fire and Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (1943) AC 121 4- Minu B. Mehta Vs Balakrishna AIR 1977 SC 1248 5- Prudential Insurance Co. Vs Inland Revenue Commissioner (1904) 2 KB 658.

PAPER-III LAW OF CRIMES UNIT-I General Introduction- Concept of crime: Its definition, nature and scope. Distinction between crime and other wrongs. Applicability of IPC: Intra and Extra territorial operation. Salient features of the IPC, general explanations. Elements of criminal liability: Mental elements in crime- mensrea (evil intention), its importance and exceptions. (Trends to fix liability without mensrea). State‘s power to determine acts or omissions as crime. Types of Punishment- Death punishment, its impacts and social relevance. Alternative to capital punishment; imprisonment for life with hard labour, simple imprisonment; Forfeiture of property and fine. Discretion of Court in awarding punishment. Minimum punishment in respect of certain offences. Stages of a crime- mere intention not punishable, preparation, attempt- tests for determining what constitutes attempt- proximity, equivocality and social danger, impossible attempts.

UNIT-II General Exceptions: Factors negative guilty intention: Mistake of fact not of law; judicial act, accident, necessity, minority and insanity; (Impairment of cognitive faculties, emotional imbalance) medical and legal insanity; Intoxication. Private defence- justification and limits when private defence extends to causing of death to protect body and property. UNIT-III Group Liability: Common intention, unlawful assembly and common object. Abetment: instigation, aiding and conspiracy. Mere act of abetment punishable. Provisions relating to criminal conspiracy. Riot and affray. Offences against the state- Waging war against the state and sedition. Offences against public servant and public justice, Contempt of lawful authority of public servants; giving and fabricating false evidence and aggravated form of the crime. UNIT-IV Specific offences against Human Body:- (i) Culpable homicide, murder, distinction between culpable homicide and murder. Situation justifying treating murder as culpable homicide not amounting to murder- grave and sudden provocation, exceeding right of private defence, public servant exceeding legitimate use of force, death in sudden fight, death caused by consent of the deceased- euthanasia and surgical operation. Death caused of person other than the person intended. Rash and negligent act causing death. (ii) Hurt- simple and grievous. (iii) Wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement. (iv) Criminal force and assault. (v) Kidnapping and abduction. Offences against women:- (i) Insulting the modesty of a woman, assault or criminal force with intent to outrage the modesty of a woman. (ii) Miscarriage: Causing miscarriage without women‘s consent and causing death by miscarriage without women‘s consent. (iii) Kidnapping or abducting woman to compel her to marry or force her to illicit intercourse. (iv) Buying or selling a minor for purposes of prostitution. (v) Rape- custodial rape, gang rape, marital rape, unlawful sexual intercourse. (vi) Prevention of immoral traffic and prevention of sati. (vii) Cruelty by husband or his relative. (viii) Dowry death. (ix) Prohibition of indecent representation of women.

Protection of Women from Domestic violence Act, 2005- Definitions, Power and duties of protection of officers and service providers, Application to Magistrate, Protection orders, Residence orders, Custody orders, Compensation orders and Monetary reliefs, Penalty for breach of protection orders by respondent. UNIT-V Offences against property- theft, extortion, robber, dacoity, criminal misappropriation of property, criminal breach of trust, cheating, mischief and criminal trespass. Offences relating to documents: Forgery of making a forged document. Offences relating to marriage: Bigamy, marriage or fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage, adultery, enticing or deceiting a married woman. Defamation: definition and exceptions. Leading Cases- 1- Reg Vs Govinda IR 1876 1 BOM 342. 2- Kedarnath Vs State of Bihar AIR 1962 SC 955 3- T.D. Vadgama Vs State of Gujrat AIR 1973 SC 2313 4- Veliji Ragahvji Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1965 SC 1433 5- K.N. Nanavati Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1962 SC 605.

Paper-IV PROPERTY LAW INCLUDING TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT AND EASEMENT ACT UNIT-I Jurisprudential control of property: Concept, meanding and kinds of property, Movable and immovable, tangible and intangible property, Intellectual property: Copyright, patents, designs and trademarks. Preliminary: Definition, Essentials of Transfer, Competence of parties, subject matter of transfer, transfer to unborn child, registration of transfer, etc. General Rules of Transfer: (a) Restrains of alienation absolute or partial, Restrains of free enjoyment, Covenants affecting enjoyment, divesting on insolvency, perpetuities, Future estates, Doctrine of acceleration. Accumulation of income, exceptions, Covenants and Transfer, General Rules of Transfer, (b) Conditional transfer : Condition precedent, condition subsequent; vested and contingent interest. UNIT-II Election, Priority of rights, Notice, Implied transfers by limited owners, transfer of property out of which maintenance claims have to be met, ownership by holding out, ownership by estoppels, feeding the grant by estoppels, Doctrine of Part performance (Ss. 35-53A), Sale of immovable property (Ss 54 to 57). UNIT-III Mortgage and Charge: Kinds of mortgage, Rights and liabilities of Mortgagor and mortgagee, Priority, marshalling, contribution and subrogation. UNIT-IV: Exchange, Lease, Gift, Actionable claim. UNIT-V Easements: Indian Easements Act, 1882, Nature, Characteristics, Creation, Essentials of Easements, Imposition, Acquisition, Incidents, Disturbance, Extinction, Suspension and Revival of Easement, Riparian Rights, License, Difference between lease and license. Leading Cases- 1- Smt. Shanta Bai Vs State of Bombay & others, AIR 1958 SC 532. 2- Rajender Vs Santa Singh, AIR 1973 SC 2537 3- Kreglinger Vs New Patagonia Meat and Cold Storage Comp. Ltd (1914) AC 25 4- Union of India Vs Sharda Mills Ltd, AIR 1973 SC 281 5- Nathu Lal Vs Phool Chand, AIR 1970 SC 546 6- Jumma Masjid Vs Deviah AIR 1962 SC 847

PAPER- V LABOUR LAW- I UNIT- I Historical Perspective of Labour: Labour through the ages; slave Labour- guild system division on caste basis labour during feudal gays. Labour Capital Conflicts: Exploitation & Labour Profit Motive, poor bargaining power, poor working condition, unorganized labour bonded labour, surplus, labour divisions of labour. Transition from exploitation to protection and from status to contract. UNIT- II Industrial Dispute At- Scope and Object definitions, assistance bipartite settlement, work committee, conciliation officer, authorities for saving disputes, reference power. Provision relating to layoff UNIT- III Trade Unionism: Trade union Freedom: International Perspective The History of trade union movement in India, Right to trade union as part of human right, freedom of association- international norms and the Indian constitution. The Trade Union Act, 1926: definitions, registration of trade union, function of registrar, Cancellation of registration of general, rights and liabilities of registered trade union, immunities, office bearers, change of name, amalgamation and dissolution of trade union, penalties. UNIT- IV Complete Factories Act, 1948- Definition, inspectors, provisions regarding health, safety, welfare, provision relating to employment of young person, women workers, annual leaves with wages & penealities. UNIT- V Protection of the weaker section of of the labour- Tribal Labour; need for regulation, unorganized labour like domestic servants- problems and perspective, bonded labour, (Regulation & Abolition At, 1970), Child Labour Prohibition At, 1986 Leading Cases:- 1. Workmen of Indian Standard Institutions V. Indian Institution AIR 1976 SC 145. 2. Burmah Shell Co. s Burmah Shell Management Staff Association 1970 I FLLJ. 590 SC AIR 1971 S 922. 3. Express Newspaper Ltd Vs Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578 4. Bangalore Water Supply s. A. Rajappa AIR 1978 SC 548 5. Bidi Leaves and Tobacco Merchants Association India and Others s State of Bombay AIR 1962 SC 486 6. Jay Engineering Works Vs State of Bengal, AIR 1990 Cal 406 7. Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd. Vs. Ludh Budh Singh AIR 1972 SC 1031 8. Workmen of Firestone Tyre and Rubber o. Ltd. S. The Management of Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd. AIR 1972 SC 1227 ***

Semester- IV LL.B ( 3 Year Programme)

Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Hours Semester-end exams Max. Min Max Min IV Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Company Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 Administrative Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Professional Ethics, Lawyers 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Accountability and Bar- Bench Relation & Moot Court 4. 1 Public International Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 5. 1 Labour Law- II 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

Paper-I COMPANY LAW UNIT-I General Introduction:- Theories of corporate personality, creation and extinction of corporations. Corporations, partnerships and other associations of persons, state corporations, government companies, small scale; cooperative, corporate and joint sectors. Holding and subsidiary companies. Public and private company. Law relating to Public and Private Companies: Companies Act 2013 Need of company for development, Kinds of Company, formation, registration and incorporation of a company. UNIT-II Memorandum of association- various clauses, alteration there in- doctrine of ultra vires. Articles of association- binding force- alteration- its relation with memorandum of association- doctrine of constructive notice and indoor management and exceptions. Promoters- position- duties and liabilities. UNIT-III Prospectus- issue, contents, liability for misstatements, statement in lieu of prospectus. Shares- general principles of allotment, statutory restrictions, share certificate- its objects and effects, transfer of shares, procedure for transfer, issue of shares at premium and discount, depository receipts- dematerialized shared (DEMAT). Calls on shares, forfeiture and surrender of shares; lien on shares. Share capital- kinds, alteration and reduction of share capital, further issue of capital, conversion of loans and debentures into capital. Borrowing powers- Charges, mortgages, contract by companies, debenture- meaning, kinds and remedies available to debenture holders. UNIT-IV Directors- position, appointment, qualification, vacation of office, removal, resignation, powers and duties of directors. Managing directors and other managerial personnel. Meetings- kinds, procedure and voting. Audit and accounts. Dividends- payment, capitalization and profit. Protection of minority rights.

Protection of oppression and mismanagement- who can apply? Powers of the court, company and the central government. Investigation of company affairs. Reconstruction and amalgamation of company. UNIT-V Winding up of Company: Winding up- types: By court- grounds- who can apply? Procedure- powers of liquidator- powers of court, consequences of winding up. Voluntary winding up by members and creditors, winding up subject to supervision of courts, payment of liabilities, winding up of unregistered company. Law and multinational companies- (i) International norms for control. (ii) Foreign exchange management Act, 1999- Joint ventures investment in India, repatriation of project. (iii) Collaboration agreements for technology transfer. Corporate liability: (i) Legal liability of companies- civil and criminal. (ii) Remedies against them civil, criminal and tortious- specific relief Act, writs. Leading Cases- 1- Aron Soloman Vs Soloman and Co. (1897) AC 22 2- Royal British Bank Vs Turkund (1856) 119 ER 886 3- Bell House Ltd Vs City Wall Properties Ltd (1966) SC 2 QB 656 4- Bajaj Auto Ltd Vs N.K. Farodia & others, AIR 1971 SC 321 5- Tata Engg and Locomative Co Ltd Vs State of Bihar AIR 1965 SC 40 6- Seth Mohan Lal Vs Grain Chambers Ltd AIR 1968 SC 772 7- Vasudev Ram Chandra Shelat Vs Pranlal Jaya Nand Thakur AIR 1974 SC 1728 8- Shanti Prasad Jain Vs Kalinga Tubes Ltd AIR 1965 SC 1535

PAPER-II ADMINISTRATIVE LAW UNIT-I Evolution, nature and scope of Administrative Law- from a laissez faire to a social welfare state, evolution of administration as the fourth branch of government, conseil‘detate, definition and scope of Administrative Law, relationship between Constitutional Law and Administrative Law, seperation of powers and rule of law. Civil services in India- Nature and organization of civil services: from colonial relics to democratic aspiration, powers and functions, accountability and responsiveness: problems and perspective, administrative deviance- corruption, nepotism and mal-administration. UNIT-II Legislative powers of administration- Necessity for delegation of legislative power, constitutionality of delegated legislation- powers of exclusion, inclusion and power to modify statute, requirement for the validity of delegated legislation. Legislative and judicial control of delegated legislation, sub-delegation of legislative powers, publications of delegated legislation, administrative directions, circulars and policy statements. UNIT-III Judicial powers of administration- (i) Need for devolution of adjudicatory authority on administration. Administrative tribunals- need, nature, constitution, jurisdiction and procedure. Distinction between quasi-judicial and adminstrative functions. (ii) Principles of natural justice- the right to hearing- essential of hearing process, no man shall be judge in his own cause, no man shall be condemned unheard, reasoned decisions, the right to counsel. UNIT-IV Judicial control of administrative action: grounds- jurisdictional error, ultravires, abuse and non exercise of jurisdiction, error apparent on the face of record, violation of principles of natural justice, violation of public policy, unreasonableness and legitimate expectation. Remedies in judicial review, writs, declaratory judgments and injuntions, specific performance and civil suits for compensation.

Administrative discretion- Need for administrative discretion, administrative discretion and rule of law, limitations on exercise of discretion- malafide exercise of discretion, constitutional imperative and use of discretionary authority. UNIT-V Contractual and tortious liability of state: Tortious liability, sovereign and non sovereign functions, statutory immunity, act of state, contractual liability of government, government privilege in legal proceedings- state secrets, public interest, transparency and right to information. Corporation and Public undertakings:- State monopoly, liability of public and private corporations- departmental undertakings, legislative and governmental control, legal remedies, accountability- committee on public undertakings, estimate committee. Public inquiries and commission inquiry, ombudsman: Lokpal, Lokayukta, vigilance commission, parliamentary committees. Right to Information Act, 2005 Leading Cases- 1- A.K. Kraipak Vs Union of India AIR 1970 SC 150 2- In re Delhi Laws Act, AIR 1951 SC 332 3- Raj Narayan V/s. Chairman, Patna Administration Committee Patna AIR 1954 SC 569 4- Syed Yaqoob Vs Radha Krishnan AIR 1964 SC 477 5- Rohtash industries Pvt Ltd Vs S.D. Agarwal AIR 1969 SC 707 6- State of Karnataka Vs Union of India AIR 1978 SC 68

PAPER-III PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, LAWYER’S ACCOUNTABILITY AND BAR-BENCH RELATIONS UNIT-I Basic Postulates of Administration of Justice- Image of justice. Wheels of the chariot of justice. Bench- Judges in the image of justice. Bar-Act, Plead and Dress of Advocate. Historical Evolution of Legal Profession- Legal Profession in Ancient India. Position of Legal Profession in Muslim Regime. Legal Profession during the British Regime. Autonomy of Legal Profession- Indian Bar committee, 1923, Indian Bar Council Act, 1926, All India Bar committee, 1951, Unified Bar- The necessity of time., 14th Report of the Law commission., Advocates Act, 1961., Provisions which strengthen Unified Bar., Organization of Bar on All India Basis, Constitution of Bar council and Elections., Admission and Disciplinary action., Regulation of Legal Education. Image/Position of legal profession in Society- Advocacy is a profession not a business., Legal profession is a noble profession., Deterioration in Image of Legal profession in Independent India. Role of Lawyers in Society. UNIT-II The necessity of the Professional Ethics- The Art of Advocacy., Professional Ethics. Nature of professional ethics and the problems of the code of Ethics. Advantages of having codified professional ethics. Professional Ethics- Rules of Conducts. Bar-Bench Relationship- General conception., Advocates duty to the court., Duty of Judge towards the Advocate., Duty of the Bar towards the Bench. Grounds of disputes in Bar-Bench Relations. Suggestions to improve Bar-Bench Relations. UNIT-III Relationship between an Advocate and his client- Code of conduct., Lawyers- client Relationship. Do‘s and Don‘ts for advocate towards client. Accountability of lawyers. Professional Ethics and Advocates Duties to colleagues and others- Advocates duty to colleagues., Advocates duty to opponents, Advocates duty towards witnesses. Advocates duty to public. Illustrations of other misconduct. Disciplinary committee‘s approach in case of professional or other Misconduct.

UNIT-IV Contempt of Court- Purpose and meaning of contempt of court., Contempt of Court by Judge, lawyers and state., Contempt by Judge, Magistrate or other persons acting judicially. Contempt of Court by Advocates. Contempt of Court by State, Corporate bodies and their officers. Punishment- Nature and Extent. Power of Superior Courts in Contempt cases. Safeguards available in contempt cases. Authorities and Procedures to deal with professional, misconduct and remedies against their order. State Bar council and its disciplinary committee. The Bar Council of India and its disciplinary committee. Remedies against the order of punishment. Quantum of punishment. UNIT-V Practical Leading Cases- 1- In Re Vinay Chandra Mishra. 2- Hikmat Ali Khan V/s Ishwar Prasad Arya & others 1997, 3 SCC 3- P.D. Gupta V/s Ram Murti and another. 7 S.C.C, 147 AIR 4- D.S. Dalal V/s State Bank of India and others. AIR 1993 S.C. 1608 5- Delhi Judicial Services Association, Tis Hazari Court V/s State of Gujrat, AIR 1991 S.C. 2176.

PAPER- IV PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS UNIT-I Definition, Historical developments, Nature and Basis of International Law, is International Law a true Law? Weaknesses of International Law Codification and development of International Law, Relation between International Law and State Law, Sources of International Law, Subjects of International Law, Place of individual in International Law, Nationality, Extradition and Asylum. UNIT-II States in general, Kinds of States and Non-state entities, Acquisition and loss of State Territory, Territorial water, Continental Self, Contiguous Zone and exclusive economic zone, Freedom of the High Sea and Piracy Recognition of States and Governments, Recognition of Insurgency and belligerency, de facto and de jure recognition, State succession, state jurisdiction, state Responsibility, Intervention. UNIT-III Diplomatic agents, Counsels. Classification and Functions of diplomatic agents, Privileges and Immunities of diplomatic agents with reference to Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relation, 1961. Treaties: Definition, Basis, classification and formation of treaties. Interpretation and revision of treaties, principles of jus cogens and pacta sunt survenda, termination of treaties. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Pacific and compulsive means of settlement of international disputes. International Institution: League of Nations, United Nations. History and formation of United Nations, Organs of United Nations with specific reference to General Assembly, Security Council and International Court of Justice, New International Economic Order and Disarmament. Secretariat, International Criminal Court. UNIT-IV War : Its legal character and effects, Enemy character, Armed conflicts and other hostile relations, beligerent Occupation, War Crimes, termination of war and doctrine of postliminium, Prize courts, Genocide. The law of Neutrality- Basis of neutrality, Rights and duties of neutral state and belligerent states. Quasi neutrality and U.N. Charter. Right of Angary, Contraband, Blockade, unneutral service, Right of visit and search. UNIT-V

Human Rights: Introduction, Meaning, Definition & Brief History. The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, National Human Rights Commission, Human Rights Commission of Rajasthan, Role of Judiciary in Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 and covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, 1966. Leading Cases- 1- United Kingdom Vs Norway (Anglo Norwegian fisheries case) ICJ Report 1951 p. 116 2- The Nuremberg judgment, International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg 1946 AJIL Vol. 41, 1947 p. 172 3- In Re Government of India and Mubarak Ali Ahmad 1952 1 II Er 2060 4- Khutch Tribunal award case- foreign affairs report volume XVII March 68. 5- Right to passage over Indian territory case ICJ Report 1957 p. 125

PAPER- V LABOUR LAW- II UNIT- I State Regulation of Industrial relations- The Industrial Dispute Act, 1947: Strike and Lockout, Lay-off and retrenchment, special provision relation of layoff, public utility services. Retrenchment and Closure transfer of undertakings, Penalities, Change in condition of services during pendency of dispute, unfair labour practices. UNIT- II Workmen‘s Compensation Act, 1923; Historical Perspective, Constitutionality of the Act; Definitions, Compensation for workmen; commissions: Appointment; Function and power; Jurisdiction of civil court, Registration of agreement; Appeals and power of state Governments to make rules. UNIT- III Employee State Insurance At, 1948 Preliminary, Definitions, corporation, standing committee and medical benefit council; Employee State Insurance fund and purpose for which expenses can be incurred from the fund. Benefits Adjudications of disputes and claims; penalties; miscellaneous provisions. UNIT- IV Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 Definition; payment of gratuity, forfeiture of gratuity, determination of the amount of gratuity, nomination, rights of the nominees; recovery of gratuity, appointment of inspectors and their powers; penalties, cognizance of offence; protection of action taken in good faith; protection of gratuity. Maternity Benefit At, 1961Definition, Maternity Benefits; Right, , obligations, Inspectors: appointment, power., duties, penalties and Miscellaneous provision. UNIT- V Remuneration for labour- Theories of wages, concept of wages, components of wages, disparity in wages. The Minimum Wages Act, 1948: Objects, definition, fixation of minimum rates if wages, inspectors, payment of minimum rates of wages, overtime claims, Payment of Wages Act, 1936. Leading Cases- 1. Workmen of Indian Standard Institutions V. Indian Institution AIR 1976 SC 145. 2. Burmah Shell Co. s Burmah Shell Management Staff Association 1970 I FLLJ. 590 SC AIR 1971 S 922. 3. Express Newspaper Ltd Vs Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578 4. Bangalore Water Supply s. A. Rajappa AIR 1978 SC 548 5. Bidi Leaves and Tobacco Merchants Association India and Others s State of Bombay AIR 1962 SC 486 6. Jay Engineering Works Vs State of Bengal, AIR 1990 Cal 406 7. Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd. Vs. Ludh Budh Singh AIR 1972 SC 1031 8. Workmen of Firestone Tyre and Rubber o. Ltd. S. The Management of Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd. AIR 1972 SC 1227.

Semester- V LL.B ( 3 Year Programme)

Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Hours Semester-end exams Max. Min Max Min V Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Law of Evidence 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 Public Interest Lawyering, Legal Aid 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) and Paralegal Services & Moot Court 3. 1 Code of Criminal Procedure Juvenile 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Justice Act 2015 and Probation of offenders act 1958 4. 1 Trust Equity and Fiduciary 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Relationship 5. 1 Criminology and Penology 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

PAPER- I LAW OF EVIDENCE UNIT- I Preliminary : Application of Indian Evidence Act. Definitions: Court, fact-fact in issue and relevant fact, evidence - meaning and its kinds, proved, disproved, not proved, may presume, shall presume and conclusive proof, Presumptions of fact and law, presumptions regarding documents. Relevancy of facts : Explaining Res-gestae, occasion, cause, effect; motive, intention, preparation, previous and subsequent conduct, introductory and explanatory facts, facts not relevant when become relevant, accidental and incidental facts. Facts which need not be proved, improper admission and rejection of facts. UNIT-II Admission and Confession. (a) Admission : Definition, whose admission is relevant, relevancy of admission in civil cases, admission is not conclusive proof . Admission and Estoppel. (b) Confession : definition, its kinds, confession caused by inducement, threat or promise, confession to police officer, confession in the custody of police, confession to Magistrate, confession by co-accused. (c) Difference between admission and confession, Relevancy of statements. (d) Dying Declarations - The justification for relevance on dying declarations (Section 32), The judicial standards for appreciation of evidentiary value of dying declarations. Other Statement by Persons who cannot be called as Witnesses - General Principles, Special problems concerning violation of women's rights in marriage in the law of evidence. UNIT- III Statement made under special circumstances. Relevancy of judgement of a court of law. Opinion of third person. Opinion of experts / third person. Relevancy of character Evidence : Oral evidence, documentary evidence, kinds of documentary evidence, when secondary evidence is relevant. Public and private document. Exclusion of oral evidence by documentary evidence: Application of this principle and its exceptions, ambiguous documents, kinds of ambiguity. UNIT- IV Burden of Proof : Meaning, general principles of burden of proof in civil and criminal cases and exceptions to it. When burden of proof shifts, proof of legitimacy of child, proof in dowry deaths and in the matters of rape. 53 Estoppels : meaning, essentials, nature and its kinds. Competency of witnesses,

27 when a person can be compelled to appear as witness, privileged communications and documents, accomplice, hostile witness. UNIT- V Examination of Witnesses : Order of examinations. kinds of examinations. leading question, impeaching the credit of witness, questions which can and which cannot be asked, refreshing the memory of witness, production of documents, Judge's power to put questions and to order production. Effect of improper acceptance or rejection of evidence. Leading Cases : 1. Nishi Kant Jha V. State of Bihar, AIR 1969 SC 422. 2. Himachal Pradesh Administration v. Om Prakash AIR 1972 SC 975. 3. Sat Paul v. Delhi Administration, AIR 1976 SC 294. 4. Laxmipat Chorasia v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1968 SC 938. 5. Pakala Narayan Swami v. Emperor, AIR 1939 PC 47. 6. Bhardwade Bhogin Bhan Herrji Bhai v. State of Gujarat AIR 1988 SC 753. 7. RM Malkani v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1973 2SCR 417 Select Bibliography: 1. Ratan Lal - The law of Evidence 2. Batuklal- Law of Evidence 3. Vepa P. Sarathi - Law of Evidence 4. Raja Ram Yadav- Law of Evidence (Hindi)

PAPER-II PUBLIC INTEREST LAWYERING; LEGAL AID AND PARA LEGAL SERVICES UNIT-I Introduction- PIL- its origin and meaning Scope and nature of PIL Object of PIL. PIL and Private Interest Litigation. Locus Standi- Principle of Locus standi- traditional approach, Liberal approach Guidelines for entertaining a PIL. Petition by public spirited person or association Misuse of PIL. PIL and enforcement of Fundamental Rights- General Compensation for breach of fundamental rights Compensation for illegal detention Compensation to victim of police atrocities. PIL as a redress to custodial violence cases. PIL and Environmental Law. UNIT-II Pollution- a curse to mankind. Pollution free environment as a fundamental right. Enforcement of environmental laws through filing PIL. PIL for the enforcement of the rights of weaker sections of the society. For the enforcement of the rights of women. For the enforcement of the rights of children. For the enforcement of the rights of bonded labour. UNIT-III Legal Aid- Meaning, Nature, Scope and Development Constitutional provisions; Provision of civil procedure code and code of criminal procedure regarding legal aid. The Legal Services Authorities Act and legal aid. Drafting of PIL, petitions and writing of applications for legal aid. UNIT-IV The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 (as amended by the act of 2002) The national legal services authority- Constitution and functions. State legal services authority- constitution and functions. District legal services authority, Taluk legal services committee- constitution and functions. Lok Adalat- organization, cognizances of cases, award and powers. Pre Litigation, conciliation and settlement. Permanent lok adalatestablishment, cognizance of cases, procedure and award. The Rajasthan State Legal Services Authority Regulations, 1999- Legal literacy,

28 legal awareness committee: Constitution and functions of High Court and District Legal awareness committee. Organization of legal awareness camps by law schools. Role of Voluntary organizations. UNIT- V Practical Leading Cases- 1- Bandhua Mukti Morcha Vs Union of India, AIR 1984 SC 802, (1984) 3 SCC 161 2- Olga Tellis V. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) 3 SCC 545, AIR 1986 SC 180 3- Sukdas V. Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh (1986) 2 SCC 401, AIR 1986 SC 991 4- Sheela Barse Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1983 SC 378

PAPER- III (CR.P.C.) THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 1973, JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT, 2015 AND PROBATION OF OFFENDERS ACT, 1958. UNIT-I The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 1. Preliminary: (a) Object, Extent and definitions (Chapter 1) (b) Duties of Public: (i) To assist to police and Magistrate (ii) To give information about certain offences (Chapter IV Ss. 37 to 40) Criminal Courts: (a) Territorial divisions and Classifications (Chapter II, Ss. 6 to 25) (b) Powers (Chapter III, Ss. 26 to 31) UNIT-II Pre-Trial Procedure: (a) Arrest of Persons (Chapter V) (b) Process to compel appearance (Chapter VI) (c) Process to compel Production of things (Chapter VII) (d) Information to the Police and their powers of Investigation (Chapter XII) (e) Bail (Chapter XXXIII) (f) Jurisdiction of the courts in inquiries and trials (Chapter XIII); Order to furnish security for keeping peace and good behaviour (Ss. 106-124) (g) Maintenance of Public Order and Tranquility (Chapter- X) Conditions requisite for initiation of proceedings, Complaints to Magistrates, Cognizance of Offence and Charge (Chapter XIV, XV and XVII). UNIT-III : Types of Trials: (i) Trial before Court of Session (Chapter XVIII) (ii) Trial of Warrant and Summons Cases (Chapter XIX & XX) (iii) Summary Trials (Chapter XXI) (iv) Maintenance of Wife, Children and Parents (Sec. 125 to 128) UNIT-IV Judgement (Chapter XXVII): (a) Appeal (Chapter XXIX) Reference and revision (Chapter XXX) (b) Misc. Provisions: (i) Irregular proceedings (Chapter XXXV) (ii) Period of Limitation (Chapter XXXVI) (iii) Autrefois acquit and Autrefois convict (Sec. 300) (iv) Legal Aid to the accused at State Expenses (S. 303 & 304) (v) Pardon to an accomplice (Sec. 306 to 308) (vi) Saving of Inherent powers of High Court (Sec. 482). UNIT-V The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015: Definitions, Competent authorities and institutions for juveniles, Neglected Delinquent Juveniles. Procedures and competent authorities, special offences in respect of juveniles. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958:

Definitions, Power of court to require released offenders after admonition on probation of good conduct, power of Court to require released offenders to pay compensation under twenty one years of age, Variations of conditions of probation, Probation in case of ‗Offender‘ failing to observe conditions of bond, provision as to sureties, Probation Officers, Duties of Probation Officers. Leading Cases- 1- Tehsildar Singh V. State of UP, AIR 1959 SC 1012. 2- State of U.P. V. Singhara Singh, AIR 1964 SC 359. 3- Nisar Ali V. State of U.P. AIR 1957 SC 336. 4- Purshottam Das Dalmia V. State of West Bengal, AIR 1961 SC 1589. 5- State of Andhra Pradesh V. Cheemalapati Ganeshwara Rao, AIR 1963 SC 1850. 6- Satwant Singh V. State of Punjab, AIR 1960 SC 266.

PAPER – IV TRUST, EQUITY AND FIDUCIARY RELATIONS UNIT- I:Equity : Concept of Equity – Place function Nature of Equity, Origin and Growth of Equity in England – UNIT- II: Maxims of equity - Equitable rights - Equitable remedies. UNIT-III: Indian Trust Act, 1882: Definition- Creation of Trusts- Duties and liabilities of TrusteesRights and Powers of trustees- Disabilities of trustees- Rights and Liabilities of the Beneficiary, Vacating the office of Trustees- Extinction of Trust- Certain obligations in the nature of Trust. UNIT- IV: Rajasthan Public Trust Act, 1959: Definition and Validity of certain public trustRegistration of Public Trust- Management of Public Trust property- Powers of officers in relations to Public Trust UNIT- V: Control of Public Trust- Special provisions in respect of certain trust- Dharmada, Procedure and Penalties. Fiduciary Relation : Fiduciary Relationship, Definition, Kinds, classification, Fiduciary principle. Leading Cases : 1. Hindu religious Endowments, Madras V. Shri Lakshmindar Thiratha Swamiar of Shri Shirur Mutt, AIR 1954 SC 282. 2. Durgah Committee, Ajmer V. Syed Hussain Ali AIR 1961 SC 1402. 3. Surajmal Singhvi V. State of Rajasthan , 1966 RLW 556. 4. Tilakayat Shri Govindlalji V. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1963 SC 1630. Select Bibliography: 1. Upadhyaya, J.J. R.- Equity, Trusts with Fiduciary Relation and Specific Relief. 2. Gandhi, B.M- Equity, Trusts and Specific Relief. 3. Varadachari, V.K.- Law of Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments. 4. Varadachari, V.K. - Public Trusts and Taxation.

PAPER- V CRIMINOLOGY AND PENOLOGY UNIT-I Criminology : Definition, nature and scope, method of studying, importance and classification of crime. Criminal behaviour : (a) Explanations. (b) Psychological theories, Alcoholism and Drugs. (c) Crime and social process : Economic Motivation, Socio-cultural Motivations, home and community influences, white collar crime, Female offender, juvenile Delinquency, influence of mass-media UNIT- II Schools of Criminological Thought (Factors in causation of criminal behaviour). i. Ancient School (a) Demonological (b) School of Free Will ii. Classical School. iii. Cartographic or ecological school.

30 iv. Socialistic School v. Typological School (a) Italian or positive school (b) Mental Testers School (c) Psychiativists School. vi. Sociological School. vii. Multi factor School. UNIT- III Control of Crime: Police and Law courts, Prison system, Re-socialization of the offender, Rehabilitation of discharged prisoners in the administration of Criminal justice, prevention of crime delinquency. UNIT-IV Punishment, Relationship between Criminology and Penology; Theories of Punishment: Expiatory, Preventive and reformative and purposes of punishment. Penal Science in India: History of Punishment, Pre-classical School, Neoclassical, Positive School. Reformers, Clinical School and multiple causation approach. UNIT- V Miscellaneous: modes of treatment of offenders, corporeal punishment, Transportation of criminals, Capital punishment, imprisonment, reactional treatment, parole, compensation, admonition, sex and adolescent offenders, indeterminate Sentences, Borstal School, Criminal procedural Jurisprudence. Constitutional Guarantees - Principles of natural Justice as applicable in procedural law, Protection to arrested persons. Under-trials, detenue and convicted persons. Double jeopardy, self-incrimination and right to life and legal aid. Leading Cases : 1. Gura Singh V. State of Rajasthan, 1984 Cr. LJ 1423 (1428) 2. Francis Coralie Mullin V. Union Territory Delhi, AIR 1981 SC. 746. 3. R.K. Garg V. Union of India (1981) 133 ITR 239. 4. Mithu V. State of Punjab, AIR 1983 SC 473. ***

Semester- VI LL.B ( 3 Year Programme)

Distribution of Marks

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Hours Semester-end exams Max. Min Max Min VI Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Civil Procedure Code and limitation 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Act 1963 2. 1 Land Law 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Human Rights and Practice 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Arbitration, Conciliation and 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Alternative Disputes Resolution System 5. 1 Drafting, Pleading, Conveyancing 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) and Moot Court Trial Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 250/500

Paper-I THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908 AND THE LIMITATION ACT, 1963. UNIT-I Definitions, suits in general, suits of civil nature, stay of suit, Res judicata, Res subjudice, Foreign Judgment UNIT-II Place of trial, Transfer of suits, Joinder, non-joinder and mis-joinder of parties and causes of action, Service of Summon, Attachment before judgment, Arrest before Judgment. Supplemental proceedings. UNIT- III Execution in general : Courts by which decrees may be executed, powers of the court executing the decrees. Transfer of decrees for execution and modes of execution, Stay of execution, Suits in particular cases (Orders xxix to xxxiii). Abatement of suits, summary proceedings. UNIT- IV Temporary injunction and Appointment of Receiver, Appeals-Appeals against order and appeal against decree, Review. Revision and Reference, Transfer of cases, Restitutions, Caveat, Inherent powers UNIT- V The Limitation Act, 1963 (Omitting the Schedule) Definitions : Purpose, Policy, Scope, Applicant, bond, Defendant, easement, good faith, plaintiff, period of limitation Relationship between limitation, laches, acquiescence, estoppels and res judicata; Limitation of suits, appeals and applications, disability, computation of period of limitation, acknowledgement and part payment, acquisition of ownership by prescription Leading Cases : 1. Shri Sinha Ramanuja V. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR 1961 SC 1720. 2. Seth Hukamchand V. Maharaja Bahadur Singh AIR 1933 PC 193 3. Narain Bhagwant Rao V. Gopal Vinayak AIR 1960 SC 100 4. Garikapati Veerava V. Subbiah Chaudhary, AIR 1957 SC 540. 5. Deoki Nandan V. Murlidhar, AIR 1957 SC 133. 6. Deity Pattabhirama Swamy V. Hanmayya, AIR 1959 SC 57. 7. S.M. jakati V. B.M. Borker, AIR 1959 S.C. 282.

PAPER – II LAND LAWS

UNIT-I THE RAJASTHAN TENANCY ACT, 1955 Preliminary Objects and Reasons Definitions (S.5) : Agricultural year, Grove holder Grove Land, Improvement, Land, Tenant, Trespasser, Classes of Tenants, (S.14, 15, 17, 17-a) Lands on which Khatedari Rights do not accrue (S. 16), Primary Rights of tenants (Ss. 31 to 37) Devolution of tenancies, Transfer of tenancies, Exchange of tenancies, Surrender. Abandonment and extinction of tenancies, improvement and trees (Ss. 38 to 87) Groveholders (Ss. 194 to 205) UNIT-II Grounds for Ejectment of tenants and Remedies for Wrongful ejectment (Ss. 169 to 188), Provision for injunction and appointment of Receiver (S. 212), Procedure and Jurisdiction of Courts (Ss. 216 to 221), Appeal, Review, Revision, Reference (Ss. 222 to 232), Question of tenancy right in Civil Courts (S. 242) Conflict of Jurisdiction (S. 243) UNIT-III THE RAJASTHAN LAND REVENUE ACT, 1956 The Board of Revenue (Ss. 4 to 14), Revenue Courts and Officers (Ss. 15 to 36),Appeal, Reference, Revision and Review (Ss. 74 to 87); Land : use of Agricultural Land for Non- .Agricultural purposes (s. 90-A), unauthorised Occupation of Land (S. 91), Allotment of Land for Agricultural purpose (S. 101), Survey and Record operations: General (Ss. 106 to 109) Boundary Marks (Ss. 110 to 111) Maps and Field Books (S .112) UNIT-IV Record of Rights (Ss. 113 to 121) Mutations (Ss. 122 to 137). Settlement operation: General (Ss.142 to 146), Economic Survey (S.148) Formation of Assessment Circles (S. 149), Soil classification (S.150), Evolution and Modification of rent rates, preparation of rent rate reports. its submission and finalisation (Ss. 151 1 to 167), Tenants option to refuse rent determined and its effect (Ss. 168 to 172), Preparation of Dastoor Ganwai (Ss. 173 to 174), Term of settlement (Ss. 175 to 177), Processes for Recovery of Revenue (S. 228), Writ of demand and citation to appear (Ss. 229 and 229- A), Attachment and Sale of movable property (S. 230), Attachment of the Land (Ss. 231 to 233), Sale of defaulters specific Area, Path or estate (Ss. 235 to 253) UNIT-V The Rajasthan Rent Control Act, 2001 (Act No. 01 of 2003 as amended by Rajasthan Act No. 21 and 22 of 2005): Definition, Application Preliminary, Revision of Rent, Determination of rent, Tenancy- Limited period tenancy, eviction of tenants, rights of landlord, Restoration of possession of illegally evicted tenant and procedure thereof. Constitution of Tribunals, Jurisdiction, Appeal and Execution, Amenities and Miscellaneous provisions.

Selected Bibliography : 1. S.K. Dutta- Rajasthan Tenancy Act, Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, Rent Control in Rajasthan. 2. Mathur & Mathur- Land Laws in Rajasthan. 3. Dr. G.S. Karkara- Land Laws in Rajasthan.

Leading Cases : 1. Ugam Raj v. Civil Judge(SD) Sojat City & ors. 2005(6) RRD 2180 (Raj.) 2. Heera Lal v. Rent Tribunal, Bikaner & ors. 2005(7) RRD 2648 (Raj.) 3. Nathu Singh v. Laxman Singh 1995 RRD 124 4. Panne Singh v. Guman Singh 1964 RRD 101 5. Shivshankar v. Murli Sri Bade Mathureshji 1996 RRD 316 6. Bhohra v. Ganesh 1996 RRD 71

PAPER-IV HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND PRATICE UNIT- I Human Rights: Concept A. Human Rights Meaning and Nature B.Human Rights in Indian Tradition: Ancient, Medieval and Modern. C. Human Rights in Western Tradition. D. Development of Natural Rights. E. Human Rights in international Law and National Law UNIT- II Classification of Human Rights- First Second and Third Generations: Historical Development UNIT-III Human Rights Under International Law: A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948) B. Convenant of Political and Civil Rights (1966) C. Convenat of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights(1966) UNIT- IV Role of Regional Organizations A. European Convention of Human Rights. B. American Convention of Human Rights. C. African Convention of Human Rights UNIT- V Enforcement of Human Rights in Indian Perspective A. Role of Supreme Court B. Role of High Court C. Role of National Human Rights Commission D. Role of State Human Rights Commission

PAPER – IV ARBITRATION, CONCILIATION AND ALTERNATIVE DISPUTES RESOLUTION SYSTEMS UNIT-I Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 : General provisions: Arbitration agreement; Arbitral Tribunal : Composition and Jurisdiction; Conduct of Arbitral Proceeding. UNIT-II Arbitral awards: Termination of proceedings, setting aside the Arbitral award; Enforcement of Arbitral awards, Appeals; Code of ethics for Arbitrators. UNIT-III Enforcement of Foreign-awards; Geneva Convention International arbitration institutions Conciliation : conciliators, appointment of conciliators, relationship of conciliators with the parties, settlement agreement status and effect of settlement agreements. Terminations of conciliation proceedings, resort to judicial proceedings, cost and deposits. UNIT- IV Alternative dispute & resolution system: Objects and role of committee for implementation of legal aid schemes (CILAS). The Legal services authorities act, 1987 (as amended by the act of 2002)- The national legal service authority, State legal service authority and District legal service authority- constitution and functions; UNIT- V Lok Adalat- Organisation, cognizance of cases, award and powers. Permanent Lok Adalatestablishment, cognizance of cases, procedure and award. Study of other alternative dispute resolution system in brief such as Nyay Panchayat and Family courts. Leading Cases: 1. Sundaram Finance Ltd. Vs NIPC India Ltd. (1999) 2 SCC 479 2. NMTC Ltd. Vs. Sterlite Industries Ltd. 1996(4) SCC 219 3. Lotus Investment and Securities Vs. Pramod S. Tiberwal 1996(2) SCC 579 4. State of Rajasthan Vs. Bharat Construction Co. 1998 (4) CCs 172 (Raj.)

PAPER- V DRAFTING, PLEADING, CONVEYANCING AND MOOT COURT TRIAL UNIT- I Pleading : Meaning, Kinds; Fundamental principles of pleading and their exceptions, amendment of pleadings, alternate and inconsistent pleadings Doctrine of set-off: Legal set- off and equitable set-off UNIT- II Drafting of pleadings Civil : Plaints, written statement, Original Petition, Affidavit, Notice, Execution Petitions, Memorandum of Appeal, Execution of Writ Petition. and Judgement writing UNIT- III Criminal complaints, Bail Application, Aceusi Reply, criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Appeal, Reference and Revision. UNIT- IV Conveyancing : Meaning, General Rules of Conveyancing, Salient parts of conveyancing, rules relating to their drafting Drafting of Deeds : Partnership deed, mortgage by conditional sale, notice for eviction, writing of government contract, sale deed, Mortgage Deed, Gift Deed, Lease Deed, Rent Deed, Power of Attorney, Provisory Note and will . UNIT- V Pratical

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Ordinance, Scheme and Syllabys for B.A. LL.B. (5 year integrated Programme)

Course Title: Bachelor of Arts and Law Abbreviation: B.A. LL.B Type of Course: Five Year integrated Degree Course Pattern; Semester Award of Degree: Bachelor of Arts and Law Degree will be awarded for those who successfully complete all the components and declared pass in the programme after ten semesters.

1. It is a five year degree programme. Examination shall be conducted at the end of each semester as per the academic calendar notified by the university. 2. The maximum age for seeking admission into a stream of Three Year Bachelor Degree Course in Arts & Law, is limited to twenty years with right of the University to give concession of 2 (two) further year for the applicant belonging to SC or ST or any other Backward Community. 3. There will be two components of the examination: (a) Internal Assessment (IA), & (b) External or Term End examination (EA). The weight of IA will be 20 percent and EA will be 80 percent in each paper unless otherwise specified. 4. The minimum marks required to pass any subject in an examination shall be 40% individual component but 50% in aggregate in both the components and in practical separately unless otherwise specified. 5. Students who do not obtain the required minimum percentage shall be declared fail and will be eligible for reappear next year. However, they will have the option to retain the marks in the papers in which they have secured pass marks i.e. 40% or more. There will be no supplementary examination. 6. In case of re- appearance the result will be prepared on the basis of the candidate‘s performance in current examination. 7. Re-appearance in passed practical is not permitted. 8. The duration of the under graduate degree programme is 5 years. The time span period to complete the course shall be t+2 years from the year of admission. Where‗t‘ is the minimum period of the programme. 9. The term-end examination papers will be divided into 3 Sections. 10. The number of papers in each elective subject and the maximum marks for each paper together with the minimum marks required for a pass are shown against each subject separately in the table given below. 11. First Division 60% and Second Division 50% of the aggregate marks prescribed at Examinations. Division will be awarded at the end of final year examinations (a) Part I (b) Part II Examination and (c) Part III examination, taken together. Division shall be awarded at the end of the under graduate examination. 12. However the marks obtained in compulsory papers will not be counted while awarding the division. 13. Prohibition against lateral entry and exit: There shall be no lateral entry on the plea of graduation in any subject or exit by way of awarding a degree splitting the integrated double degree course, at any intermediary stage of integrated double degree course. Moot court exercise and Internship: This paper may have three components of 30 marks each and a viva for 10 marks.

(a) Moot Court (30 Marks). Every student may be required to do at least three moot courts in a year with 10 marks for each. The moot court work will be on assigned problem and it will be evaluated for 5 marks for written submissions and 5 marks for oral advocacy. (b) Observance of Trial in two cases, one Civil and one Criminal (30 marks): Students may be required to attend two trials in the course of the last two or three years of LL.B. studies. They will maintain a record and enter the various steps observed during their attendance on different days in the court assignment. This scheme will carry 30 marks. (c) Interviewing techniques and Pre-trial preparations and Internship diary (30 marks): Each student will observe two interviewing sessions of clients at the Lawyer‘s Office/Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary, which will carry 15 marks. Each student will further observe the preparation of documents and court papers by the Advocate and the procedure for the filing of the suit/petition. This will be recorded in the diary, which will carry 15 marks. (d) The fourth component of this paper will be Viva Voce examination on all the above three aspects. This will carry 10 marks. Admission Eligibility: (a) Five Year Law Degree Course: 10+2 pass in any discipline with 45% marks from any recognised Board/institution. (b) Integrated Degree Program: An applicant who has successfully completed Senior Secondary School course (‗+2‘) or equivalent (such as 11+1, ‗A‘ level in Senior School Leaving certificate course) from a recognized University of India or outside or from a Senior Secondary Board or equivalent, constituted or recognized by the Union or by a State Government or from any equivalent institution from a foreign country recognized by the government of that country for the purpose of issue of qualifying certificate on successful completion of the course, may apply for and be admitted into the program of the Centres of Legal Education to obtain the integrated degree in law with a degree in any other subject as the first degree from the University whose such a degree in law is recognized by the Bar Council of India for the purpose of enrolment. Provided that applicants who have obtained + 2 Higher Secondary Pass Certificate or First Degree Certificate after prosecuting studies in distance or correspondence method shall also be considered as eligible for admission in the Integrated Five Years course or three years‘ LL.B. course, as the case may be. Explanation: The applicants who have obtained 10 + 2 or graduation / post graduation through open Universities system directly without having any basic qualification for prosecuting such studies are not eligible for admission in the Law courses. Attendance: Every student shall be required to complete 75% attendance in classes. A student with less than 75% attendance will be detained from appearing at the examinations of the relevant course. A student who cannot attend classes because of participation in inter-university games & sports, cultural activities, etc. will be given attendance as per rules Mid-term examinations: The internal Assessment will carry 20 percent marks. The number of mid term examinations one or two will be decided by the university authorities and notified to the students. There will be no internal assessment in practical examination. Marking Scheme: The marking scheme will be different for different faculties. In Faculty of Law the university follows the numerical marking scheme. Passing Criteria: For pass in B.A.LL.B a student must have obtained 50% marks in aggregate. Internal Assessment 20 Marks: Attendance 5 Marks (75% & above), One mid semester examination or Home Assignment of 10 Marks and class test/ presentation/ viva voce of 5 marks. Semester-end examination at the end of each semester will be held of 3 hours duration of 80 Marks. Scheme of Examination:

The paper is divided into 3 sections. Section- A (1x10=10) consists of 10 questions. Each question carries one mark. Attempt all questions. Section- B (5 x 8 =40) consists of 5 questions with internal choice in each unit. Attempt all questions. Each question carries 8 marks. Word limit (300 -500 words) Section- C (2 x 15=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 2 questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Word limit (500 words or more). Or Section- C (3 x 10=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 3 questions. Each question carries 10 marks. Word limit (500 words or more)

Structure of the Programme:

Subjects of Study at B.A. LL.B is given for each Semester here under: Distribution of Marks is same as given in the table above in LL.B. programme. Distribution of Marks for B.A. LL.B. Semester Examination

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Term Hours End exams Max. Min Max Min I Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Paper _I 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 PaperII 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Paper-III 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Paper-IV 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 5. 1 Paper-V 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 6. Paper VI ( if any) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% of the total marks

Semester- I

 Economics-I  Political Science-I  Sociology-I  Law of Contract-I  Constitution Law - I  General English Semester- II  Contract- II  Indian Political Thinkers  Constitution Law of India- II  Economy of Rajasthan  Social Anthropology Semester- III  Law of Torts  Hindu Law ( Family law 1)  Selected Political Systems  Macro Economics  Research Methodology

Semester- IV  Mohammedan Law ( Family law 2)  Legal and Constitutional History of India  Indian Economy  Social Problems in Contemporary in India  Indian Political System

Semester- V  Environmental Law  Western political Thinkers  Indian Society  Money, Banking and Public Finance  Transfer of Property Semester- VI  Labour Law -I  Jurisprudence  Social Thinkers  Application of Mathematics in Economics  International Relations Semester- VII  Labour Law -II  Law of Crimes -I  Trust Equity and Fiduciary Relationship  Legal Language and Interpretation of Statues  Administrative Law Semester- VIII  Human Rights Law and Practice  Company Law  Professional Ethics, Lawyers Accountability and Bar-Bench-Relation & Moot Court Trial (Practical)  Evidence Law  Public International Law Semester- IX  Arbitration, Conciliation and Alternative Disputes Resolution System  Public Interest Litigation, Legal Aid and Paralegal Services & Moot Court Trial. (Practical)  Code of Criminal Procedure  Insurance Law  Cyber Crimes Semester- X  Criminology and Penology  Civil Procedure Code  Rajasthan Land Law  Moot Court and Internship (Practical)  Drafting, Pleading, Conveyancing and Moot Court trial (Practical) Semester- I PAPER- I ECONOMICS-I UNIT I Introduction Nature and scope of economics, methodology in economics Micro- Macro,

Static and dynamic analysis, choice as an economic problem, basic postulates, Laws of demand and supply. Unit-II Consumer’s Behaviour Utility, Cardinal and ordinal approaches; Indifference curve; consumer‘s equilibrium (Hicks); Giffin goods, Elasticity of demand-price, income and cross elastities. Consumer‘s surplus. Engel curve. Unit-III Theory of Production and Costs Production function, iso-quant, law of variable proportions, returns to scale; economies of scale; Different concepts of cost and revenue and their interrelation. Unit- IV Market Structure Market forms - Perfect and imperfect markets; Equilibrium of a firm and industry under Perfect competition, monopoly and price discrimination. Control of Monopoly Power. monopolistic competition. Unit - V Factor Pricing Marginal productivity theory of distribution; Theories of wage determination; Rent-Scarcity rent, Differential rent: Quasi rent; Classical and Keynesian theories of interest, Profit - Innovation, risk and uncertainty theories.

PAPER- II POLITICAL SCIENCE-I Unit-I Political Science: Meaning, Nomenclature and scope; Traditional and Contemporary Perspectives of Political Science, Behaviouralism and Post Behaviouralism, Relations of Political Science with other Social Sciences (Economics, History and Sociology) Unit-II State : Theories of the Origin (Divine Origin, Social Contract, Evolutionary Theory and Marxist Theory), Nature of the State - Organic theory of the State, the Concept of Welfare State, Sovereignty : Monistic and Pluralistic theories. Unit-III Basic Concepts : Power, Authority and Legitimacy, Rights, Liberty, Equality, Justice and Law. Unit-IV Democracy and Dictatorship, Parliamentary and Presidential Systems, Unitary and Federal Systems. Political Parties, Pressure Groups. The Concept of Minority Representation and Proportional Representation. Unit-V Organs of Government and their Functions with reference to recent trends, Theory of Separation of Powers. Good Governance and Globalization.

PAPER III SOCIOLOGY-I Unit I Meaning, nature and scope of Sociology, the Sociological perspective. Sociology and other Social Sciences, the scientific and humanistic orientations to Sociological study. Unit II Basic concepts: Society, Community, Institution, Association, Group, Social Structure, Culture, Status and Role. Unit III The Individual and Society, Society and Socialization - meaning, stages, agencies and theories, relation between Individual and Society. Social Control: Norms, Values and Sanctions. Social Stratification and Mobility - meaning, forms and theories

Unit IV Social Change - Meaning and type: Evolution and Revolution, Progress and development - factors of Social Change. Theories of Ogburn, Sorokin, and Karl Marx. Unit V The uses of Sociology: Introduction to Applied Sociology, Sociology and Social Problems, Sociology and Social Change, Sociology and Social Policy and Action.

PAPER-IV LAW OF CONTRACT-I UNIT-I General Principles of Law of Contract- History and nature of contractual obligations. Agreement and Contract: difinitions, elements, characteristics and kinds. Proposal and acceptance- various forms, essential elements, communication and revocation- proposal and invitation to proposal, floating offers, tenders. Consideration- need, meaning, kinds, essential elements- nudum pactum- Privity of contract and of consideration- its exceptions, adequacy of consideration, present, past and future consideration, unlawful consideration and its effects, views of Law Commission of India on consideration, evaluation of the doctrine of consideration. UNIT-II Capacity to Contract- Meaning- incapacity to contract- minor‘s Agreements- definition of ‗minor‘, necessaries supplied to a minor, agreements beneficial and detrimental to a minor, affirmation- restitution in cases of minor‘s agreements, fraud by a minor, agreements made on behalf of a minor, minor‘s agreements and estoppels, evaluation of the law relating to minor‘s agreements. Consent- Free consent- Its need, definition and factors vitiating free consent. Coercion- definition, essential elements, duress and coercion Various illustrations of coercion, doctrine of economic duress, effect of coercion, Undue Influence- definition, essential elements, parties between whom such influence in presumed, where liability to prove the existence of undue influence, who is to prove it?, Illustrations of undue influence, independent advice, Pardahanashin women, unconscionable bargains, effect of undue influence, misrepresentation- definition, misrepresentation of law and of fact, their effects and illustration, Fraud- definition, essential elements- suggestions falsi-suppresio veri, when does silence amounts to fraud?, Active- concealment, importance of intention. Mistake- definition, kinds, fundamental error, mistake of law and of fact, their effects when does a mistake vitiate free consent and when does it not vitiate free consent? UNIT-III Legality of objects: Void and voidable agreements- void, voidable, illegal and unlawful agreements and their effects, Lawful and unlawful considerations and objects, Forbidden by law, Defeating the provision of any law, Fraudulent, Injurious to person of property, Immoral, Against public policy, Void Agreements- Agreements without consideration, Agreements in restraint of marriage, Agreements in restraint of trade, its exceptions- sale of goodwill, section 11 restrictions, exceptions under the partnership Act, trade combinations, exclusive dealing agreements, restraints on employees under agreements of service, Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings- its exceptions, Uncertain agreements, Wagering agreement- its exception. Discharge of a contract and its various modes. By performance- conditions of valid tender of performance How?, By whom? Where? When? In what manner? Performance of reciprocal promises, time as essence of contract, By breach- anticipatory breach and present breach, Impossibility of performance- Specific grounds of frustration- application to leases, theories of frustration, effect of frustration, frustration and restitution, By period of limitation, By

41 agreement- rescission and alteration, their effect, remission and waiver of performance, extension of time- accord and satisfaction. UNIT-IV Quasi-contracts or certain relations resembling those created by contract. Remedies in contractual relations; Damages- kinds, remoteness of damages, ascertainment of damages, Injunction- when granted and when refused, Why?, Refund and restitution, Specific performance- When?, Why? Government as a Contracting Party; Constitutional provisions- government power to contract- procedural requirements. Standard Form Contracts; Nature, advantages- unilateral character, principles of protection against the possibility of exploitation, judicial approach to such contracts, exemption clauses, clash between two standard form contracts, Law Commission of India‘s views. UNIT-V Consumer protection Act- 1986. Leading Cases- 1- Carlil V/s Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (1883) I.Q.B. 256. 2- Bhagwan Das V/s Girdhari Lal & Company, AIR 1966 S.C. 543. 3- Lalman Shukla V/s Gauri Dutt All. IJ (1913) 409. 4- Mohri Bibi V/s Dharmodas Ghose (1903) I.A. 172. 5- Indian Medical Association V/s V.P. Shantha, AIR 1996 SC 500. 6- J.J. Merchant V/s Shrinath Chaturvedi, AIR 2002 SC 2931.

PAPER-VI CONSTITUTIONAL LAW - I UNIT-I Introductory Making of Indian Constitution., Short Title, commencement of the constitution, authoratative text in the Hindi language, Nature and special features of the Indian Constitution. Challenges to Indian Federalism, Preamble, The Union & its territory Citizenship and state. Fundamental Rights - Concept of Fundamental Rights. Constitutional provisions relating to Fundamental rights. Articles 12 Definition of State, Article 13, Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Right, Doctrine of Eclipse, Doctrine of waiver, Doctrine of severability. Article 14 to 18 Right to Equality. UNIT-II Fundamental Rights: Right to freedom Article 19-22, Right against exploitation Article 23, 24, Right to freedom of Religion Article 25-28, Cultural and Educational Rights Art 29, 30, Right to Constitutional Remedy; The Union Executive The President Election, qualifications, salary and impeachment, power: Legislative, Executive and dictionary power Constitutional provision and Vice-President of India, Council of Ministers. Prime Minister- Cabinet system- Collective responsibility, Coalition Government. UNIT-III The Union Legislature Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, Legislative process privileges of the parliament & state legislature, legislative privileges and fundamental rights. Judiciary under the Indian Constitution: Judicial independence The Union and State Judiciary- The Supreme Court and High Courts. UNIT-IV Services under the constitution- Doctrine of Pleasure (Article 310), Protection against arbitrary dismissal, removal or reduction in rank (Article 311) and exceptions to Article 311., Public Service Commission of the Union and the states. UNIT-V Emergency- Meaning and scope., National, State and Financial emergency.

Proclamation of Emergency- conditions, effect of emergency on centre- state relations. Emergency and suspension of fundamental rights.

PAPER- VI GENERAL ENGLISH A. Grammar  Determiner  Tenses and Concord  Auxiliaries  Prepositions  Basic Sentence Patterns B. Transformations  Active to Passive Voice  Simple to Compound / Complex  Declarative into Negative/ Interrogative  Direct to Indirect Speech C. Comprehension  Comprehension of an Unseen Passage  Comprehension (from the following Texts): Comprehension based Questions will be asked from Prose, Short Stories, One Act Play and Poetry Prose  A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: The Power of Prayer  Martin Luther King: I have a Dream  Albert Einstein: The World as I see it Short Stories  Leo Tolstoy: The Three Questions  Ruskin Bond: A Face in the Darkness One Act Play  Cedric Mount: The Never Never Nest Poetry  R.N. Tagore : Heaven of Freedom  John Donne : Death be not Proud  Swami Vivekanand : Kali the Mother Prescribed Textbook:  Impressions: An Approach to English ed. By Kamlesh S. Bhatt (Trinity) D. Written Composition  Precis Writing  Paragraph Writing  Letter Writing(Formal and Informal)  Report Writing

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Semester- II

PAPER- I CONTRACT-II (SPECIFIC CONTRACTS, SALE OF GOODS ACT, 1930, INDIAN PARTNERSHIP ACT, 1932 AND SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963) UNIT-I Indemnity The Concept, Need for indemnity to facilitate commercial transactions, Methods of creating indemnity obligation, Definition of Indemnity, Nature and extent of liability of the indemnifier, Commencement of liability of the indemnifier, Situations of various types of indemnity creations, Nature of indemnity clauses. Guarantee The concept, Definition of guarantee: as distinguished from Indemnity, Basic essentials for a valid guarantee contract, The place of consideration and the criteria for ascertaining the existence of consideration in guarantee contracts, Position of minor and validity of guarantee when minor is the principal debtor, creditor or surety, Continuing guarantee, Nature of surety‘s liability, Duration and termination of such liability, Illustrative situations of existence of continuing guarantee, Creation and identification of continuing guarantees, Letters of credit and bank guarantees as instances of guarantee transactions, Rights of surety, Position of surety in the eye of law, Various judicial interpretations to protect the surety, Co-surety and manner of sharing liabilities and rights, Extent of surety‘s liability, Discharge of surety‘s liability. UNIT-II Bailment Identification of bailment contracts in day today life, Manner of creation of such contracts, Commercial utility of bailment contracts, Definition of bailment, Kinds of bailees, Duties of Bailor and Bailee towards each other, Rights of bailor and bailee, Finder of goods as a bailee, Liability towards the true owner, Obligation to keep the goods safe, Right to dispose off the goods. Pledge Pledge: Comparison with bailment, Commercial utility of pledge transaction, Definition of pledge transactions, Definition of pledge under the Indian Contract Act, Rights of the pawner and pawnee, Pawnee‘s right of sale as compaired to that of an ordinary bailee, Pledge by certain specified persons mentioned in the Indian Contract Act. UNIT-III Agency Identification of different kinds of agency transactions in day to day life in the commercial world, Kinds of agents and agencies, Distinction between agent and servant, Essentials of a agency transaction, Various methods of creation of agency, Delegation, Duties and rights of agent, Scope and extent of agent‘s authority, Liability of the principal of acts of the agent including misconduct and tort of the agent, Liability of the agent towards the principal, Personal liability towards the parties, Methods of termination of agency contract, Liability of the principal and agent before and after such termination. Specific relief under Specific Relief Act, 1963 Specific performance of contract, Contract that can be specifically enforced, Persons against whom specific enforcement can be ordered. Rescission and cancellation Injunction, Temporary, Perpetual. Declaratory orders.

UNIT-IV Sale of Goods Concept of sale as a contract, Illustrative instances of sale of goods and the nature of such contracts, Essentials of contract of sale, Essential conditions in every contract of sale, Implied terms in contract of sale, The rule of caveat emptor and the exceptions thereto under the Sale of Goods Act, Changing concept of caveat emptor, Effect and meaning of implied warranties in a sale, Transfer of title and passing of risk, Delivery of goods: Various rules regarding delivery of goods, Unpaid seller and his rights, Remedies for breach of contract, Concept of nemo dat quad non habet with exceptions. UNIT-V Partnership Nature of partnership : Definition, Distinct advantages and disadvantages vis-à-vis partnership and private limited company, Mutual relationship between partners, Authority of partners, Admission of partners, Outgoing of partners, Registration of Partnership, Dissolution of Partnership. Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 Leading Cases- 1- National Bank of India Ltd. V/s Sohan Lal, AIR 1962 Punjab 534 2- Amrit Lal Gordhan Lallan V/s State Bank of Travancore, AIR 1960 S.C. 1432 3- Patnaik & Company V/s State of Orissa, AIR 1965 S.C. 1655. 4- State of Gujarat V/s Maman Mohd., AIR 1967 S.C. 1885

PAPER- II INDIAN POLITICAL THINKERS (POLITICAL SCIENCE)

Unit-I: Manu, Kautilya and Shukra. Unit-II: Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekanand Unit-III: Gopal Krishna Ghokhale, Bal Ganga Dhar Tilak and Dada Bhai Narouji Unit-IV: Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhim Rao Ambedkar Unit-V: M.N. Roy, Jai Prakash Narain and Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.

PAPER-III CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA- II UNIT-I Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties- Directive Principles- directions for social change- A new social order. Interrel- ationship between fundamental rights and directive principles. Fundamental Duties- The need and status in constitutional set-up. UNIT-II: The State Executive The Governor, The Council of Ministers, Relationship between the Governor and the Council of Ministers. The State Legislature Vidhan Sabha, Vidhan Parishad. The Panchyats The Municiplaties. UNIT-III Union and State Relationship- Legislative relationship, Administrative relationship. Financial relationship. Subordinate Judiciary Judges: appointment, removal, transfer and condition of services, Judicial review- nature and scope. UNIT-IV State liability in contracts and Torts. Suits by and against the state. Property Rights (Article 300-A) Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse. UNIT-V The Amendment of the Constitution- Necessity of Amending provisions in the Constitution, ; Procedure for Amendment. Amendments of fundamental rights. Judicial review of amendment and the theory of Basic Structure. Temporary provision with respect of the state of J&K. Leading Cases-

1- Keshvanand Bharti V/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 S.C. 1461 2- Maneka Gandhi V/s Union of India, AIR 1978 S.C. 597 3- Indra Sawhney V/s Union of India, AIR 1993, S.C. 477. 4- S.R. Bommai V/s Union of India, AIR 1994, S.C. 1918. 5- Vishaka V/s State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997, S.C. 3014.

PAPER- V ECONOMY OF RAJASTHAN(ECONOMICS) UNIT I Position of Rajasthan in Indian economy: Population, Area, Agriculture, Industry and Infrastructure, Population size and growth. District-wise distribution of rural and urban population, occupational structure and human resources development (Literacy, health and nutrition indicators), Problem of poverty and unemployment. UNIT II Natural resource endowments; land, water, livestock, forests and minerals; state domestic products and its trends. Environmental pollution and the problems of sustainable development. UNIT-III Agriculture land utilization, Major crops and cropping pattern. Land Reforms, Rajasthan Tenency Act, ceiling on land and distribution of land, Animal husbandry; Importance of livestock, dairy development programme, Problems of sheep and goat husbandry. Irrigation and power infrastructure in the state. UNIT - IV Industrial development in the state during Five Year Plans. Regional variation in industrial development, small scale industries and handicrafts. Industrial policy, role of RFC, RSMDC and RIICO in the industrial development of Rajasthan. UNIT-V Tourism development in Rajasthan. Special Area Programmes DPAP, Desert Development, Tribal Area Development and Aravallies development, IRDP Planning in the state; Objectives and achievements. Constraints in the economic development of Rajasthan

PAPER- VI SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY (SOIOLOGY) Unit I: Social Anthropology: Meaning, Definition, Nature and Scope. Unit II: Social Structure: Marriage, Family & Kinship. Unit III: Culture: Concept, theories of Cultural-growth, Magic and Religion. Unit IV: Primitive Political System, Primitive Economic System. Unit V: Problems of Tribes in India, Tribes in Rajasthan: Bhils, Meenas and Garasiyas.

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Semester- III PAPER-I LAW OF TORTS AND MOTOR VEHICLE ACT UNIT-I Evolution of Law of Torts England- forms of action- specific remedies from case to case, India- Principles of justice equity and good conscience- uncodified character, advantages and disadvantages. Definition, Nature, Scope and Objects A wrongful act- violation of duty imposed by law, duty which is owed to people generally (in rem), damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum, Tort distinguished from crime, breach of contract and Quasi Contract, The concept of unliquidated damages, Changing scope of law of torts : expanding character of duties owned to people generally due to complexities of modern society, Objects- prescribing standards of human conduct, redressal of wrongs by payment of compensation, prescribing unlawful conduct by injunction. Principles of Liability in Torts Fault, Wrongful intent, negligence, Liability without fault, Violation of ethical codes, Statutory liability, Place of motive in torts. UNIT-II Justification in Tort Volenti non fit injuria, Necessity, private and public, Plaintiff‘s default, Act of God, Inevitable accident, Private defence, Statutory authority, Judicial and quasi-judicial acts, Parental and quasi-parental authority. Extinguishment of liability in certain situations Actio personalis moritur cum persona- exceptions, Waiver and acquiescence, Release, Accord and satisfaction, Limitation. Standing Who may sue-aggrieved individual- class action- social action group, Statutes granting standing to certain persons or groups, Who may not be sued? Doctrine of sovereign immunity and its relevance in India Vicarious Liability Basic, scope and justification, Express authorization, Ratification, Abetment, Special relationships : Master and servant- arising out of and in the course of employment – who is master? – the control test, who is servant? – borrowed servant, independent contractor and servant, distinguished- Principal and agent, Corporation and principal officer. Absolute/Strict liability The rule in Rylands v. Fletcher, Liability for harm caused by inherently dangerous industries. UNIT-III Torts against persons and personal relations Assault, battery, mayhem, False imprisonment, Defamation- libel, slander including law relating to privileges, Marital relations, domestic relations, parental relations, master and servant relations, Malicious prosecution, Shortened expectation of life, Nervous shock. Wrongs affecting property Trespass to land, trespass ab initio, dispossession, movable property- trespass to goods, detinue, conversion, Torts against business interests- injurious false hood, misstatements, passing off. UNIT-IV Negligence Basic concepts, Theories of negligence, Standards of care, duty to take care, carelessness, inadvertence, Doctrine of contributory negligence, Res ipsa loquitor and its importance in contemporary law, Liability due to negligence : different professionals, Liability of common carriers for negligence. Nuisance Definition, essentials and types, Acts which constitute nuisance obstructions of highway, pollution of air, water, noise and interference with light and air.

UNIT-V Legal remedies Legal remedies, Award of damages – simple, special, punitive, Remot- eness of damage – foresee ability and directness, Injunction, Specific restriction of property, Extra-legal remedies – self help, re-entry on land, re-caption of goods, distress damage feasant and abetment of nuisance. Motor vehicle Act 1988 as amended up to date and rules under the Act. Leading Cases- 1- Ushaben V/s Bhagya Laxmi Chitra Mandir. AIR 1970, GUJ. 18. 2- Municipal corpn. Of Delhi V/s Subhagwanti AIR 1966 S.C. page 1750.0 3- Rylands V/s Fletcher (1869) IR HT 330. 4- Union Carbide Corporation V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 248. 5- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965.

PAPER-II FAMILY LAW- I (HINDU LAW) UNIT-I

Introduction- Sources, Schools and application, Religious and Charitable Endowment- Essentials of an Endowment, Kinds, Shebait and Mahant. Joint Family- Mitakshara joint family, Mitakshara coparcenery- formation and incidents, Property under Mitakshara law- separate property and coparcenary property, Dayabhaga coparcenary- formation and incidents, property, under Dayabhaga law, Karta of the joint family- his position, powers, privileges and obligations, Alienation of property- separate and coparcenary, Debts- doctrines of pious obligations and antecedent debt, Partition and re-union, Joint Hindu family as a social security institution and impact of Hindu Gains of Learning Act and various tax laws on it, Matrilineal joint family. UNIT-II Customary practices and State regulation Conditions of Hindu Marriage, Its ceremonies and Registrations, Void and Voidable marriage, Polygamy, Concubinage, Child marriage, Sati, Dowry. Conversion and its effect on family- Marriage, Adoption, Guardianship, Succession. Matrimonial Remedies Non-judicial resolution of marital conflicts- (a) Customary dissolution of marriage- unilateral divorce, divorce by mutual consent and other modes of dissolution, judicial resolution of maritil conflicts: the family court, Nullity of marriage, Option of puberty, Restitution of conjugal rights, judicial separation, Desertion: a ground for matrimonial relief, Cruelty : a ground for matrimonial relief, Adultery : a ground for matrimonial relief, Other grounds for matrimonial relief, Divorce by mutual consent under : Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 : Bar to matrimonial relief : Doctrine of strict proof, Taking advantage of one‘s own wrong or disability, Accessory, Connivance, Collusion, Condonation, Improper or unnecessary delay, Residuary clause- no other legal ground exists for refusing the matrimonial relief. UNIT-III Inheritance Historical perspective of traditional Hindu law as a background to the study of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of a Hindu male dying intestate under the provisions of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Devolution of interest in Mitakshara coparcenary with reference to the provisions of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Disqualification relating to succession, General rules of succession. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 : Succession to the property of a Hindu male, Succession to interest in coparcenary property, property of a Hindu female, Succession to the property of a Hindu female, General rules and disqualifications of succession, Escheat. UNIT-IV

Alimony and maintenance Maintenance of neglected wives, divorced wives, minor children, disabled children, and parents who are unable to support themselves; provisions under the code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Alimony and maintence as an independent remedy: a review under personal law, need for reforming the law, Alimony and maintenance as an ancillary relief. Child and the Family Legitimacy, Adoption, Custody, maintenance and education, Guardianship and parental rights- welfare of the child principle. The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956: Requisites of valid adoption, Capacity to take in adoption, capacity to give ‗in‘ adoption, persons who may be adopted, other conditions for a valid adoption. Effects of adoption, Miscellaneous provision of adoption. Maintenance of wife, children and parents, Maintenance of widowed daughter-in law, Dependents and their maintenance. Amount of maintenance, Miscellaneous provisions of maintenance. UNIT-V The Hindu minority and Guardianship Act, 1956: Natural guardians and Their powers, Testamentary guardians and their powers, de facto guardian general provisions of guardianship. Partition: Meaning, property for partition, persons entitled to claim partition and allotment of shares, partition how effected, Determination of Share, Reopening of partition. Re-union, Debts- Doctrine of pious obligation antecedent Debts. Family and its changing patterns New emerging trends, Attenuation of family ties, Working women and their impact on spousal relationship: composition of family, status and role of women, New property concepts, such as skill and job as new forms of property, Factors affecting the family: demographic, environmental, religious and legislative processes of social change in India: Sanskritization, westernization, secularization, universalization, parochialization, modernization, industrialization and urbanization. Settlement of spousal property Need for development of law Establishment of Family Courts Constitution, power and functions, Administration of gender justice. Uniform Civil code- need for Religious pluralism and its implications, Connotations of the directive contained in Article 44 of the Constitution, Impediments to the formulation of the Uniform Civil Code, The idea of Optional Uniform Civil Code. Leading Cases- 1- Shastri Yagna Purushdasji V/s Muldas, AIR 1966 S.C. 1153. 2- Hanooman Prasad V/s Mussamat Babooee Mandraj Kunwaree (1856) 6 M.I.A. 305

PAPER- III SELECTED POLITICAL SYSTEMS (POLITICAL SCIENCE) Unit-I Salient Features and nature of British Constitution, Conventions, King and Crown, Prime Minister and Cabinet, Parliament, Relationship of House of Commons with House of Lords, Office of the Speaker, Rule of Law, Bureaucracy and Party System in U.K. Unit-II Salient features of the American Constitution, President - Election Process and Functions, Separation of Powers and Checks and Balance, Federalism: The Federal Judiciary and Judicial Review, Congress - Its Structure and Function, Importance of Senate in U.S. Political System and Party System, Comparison between the British and American Party System. Unit-III

Salient features of the Swiss Constitution, Federal Assembly and Federal Council, Direct Democracy. Unit-IV Characteristics of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of China, Fundamental Rights, Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, Democratic centralism, Organization and role of Communist Party of China. Unit-V Salient Feature of Constitution of the Fifth Republic of France, Fundamental Rights, French Executive. The President, Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, the French Parliament, the Judiciary, Party system, Bureaucracy and Administrative law.

PAPER- IV MACRO ECONOMICS (ECONOMICS) UNIT-I National Income Nature and scope of Macro Economics, National income- Concepts and measurement of national income, Cyclic flow of income and expenditure, National income accounting. UNIT-II Output , Employment and consumption The classical theory of employment, Say‘s law of market, Keynes objection to the classical theory; Keynesian theory of output and employment, The principles of effective demand, Consumption function- average and marginal propensity to consume. UNIT-III Investment, Saving and rate of interest Investment function- Autonomous and Induced Investment, Marginal efficiency of capital, Saving function, Saving and Investment equality. The concept of multiplier, investment multiplier. Classical, Neo- Classical and Keynesian theories of interest. UNIT-IV Trade Cycles Nature and characteristics of trade cycle; Hawtrey‘s monetary theory, Hayek‘s over- investment theory; Keynes view of trade cycle. The concept of accelerator, Samuelson and Hicks multiplier-accelerator interaction model. Control of trade cycle. UNIT-V Economic Growth Sources of growth, Growth models- Harrod and Domar. Neo classical growth models- Solow. Technical progress model- Kaldor‘s model of economic growth.

PAPER – V RESEARCH METHEDOLOGY (SOCIOLOGY) Unit I: Social Research and Social Survey- Meaning, Nature, Stages and types. Unit II: Data, Forms and Sources. Hypothesis, Concept, type and Sources. Unit III: Sampling - Concept, type , importance and limitations. Case Study Method. Unit IV: Techniques of Data Collection : Observation, Interview, Schedule & Questionnaire. Questionnaire Construction Unit V: Tabular presentation of Data, Bivariate and Multivariate. Average : Mean, Mode, Medium.

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Semester- IV

PAPER-I FAMILY LAW- II (MOHAMMEDAN LAW) UNIT-I Evolution and application of Law- Origin, Development, Sources, Schools, Application, Interpretation, conversion. Marriage- Nature of marriage, Essentials of marriage, Khyar-ul-bulug, Iddat, Khilwat-us-sahih. Matrimonial Stipulations, Kinds of marriages, Effects of marriages. UNIT-II Mahar (Dower) Meaning, Nature, Kinds of Dower, Objects of Dower, Subject matter of Dower. Wife‘s right on non- payment of dower. Dissolution of marriage- Historical background, Talaq, Various kinds of Talaq. Sec. 2 of the Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939., Legal Effect of Divorce.. UNIT-III Pre-emption (Haq Shufa) Historical background of law., Meaning, Nature of Pre-emption., Classification of Pre-emption, Essential formalities, Right of Pre-emption when there is conflict of laws. Subject matter of pre-emption., Legal effect of pre-emption., Devices for evading pre-emption. Gift (Hiba) Meaning, Requisites of valid gift., Gift of musha, Conditional and future gift. Life estate and life interest, Hiba-bil-ewaj, Hiba-ba-shart-ul-ewaj. UNIT-IV Will (Vasiyat)- Competency of testator and legatee., Valid subject of will., Testamentary limitation., Formalities of a will., Abatement of Legacy. Legitimacy and Acknowledgement- Legitimacy and Legitimation., Presumption of Legitimacy under Muslim Law. Presumption of Legitimacy under Sec. 112 of the Indian Evidence Act. Conditions for valid acknowledgement. Maintenance Meaning, Persons entitled to maintenance, Principles of maintenance. Maintenance of Divorced Muslim woman under the Muslim woman (Protection of Right on Divorce) Act 1986- a critical review. Death Bed Transactions, Meaning of Marz-ul-maut., Effect on Transactions during Marz-ul-maut. UNIT-V Waqf- Meaning of waqf., Essentials of waqf. Kinds of waqf, Beneficiaries of waqf. Formalities for creating waqf., Waqf of musha. Administration of waqf. Mutawalli- Appointment, function, role, power, removal, Various muslim religious institutions. The waqf validationg Act, 1913. Inheritance- General Principles of Law of inheritance., Classification of heirs under Hanafi and their shares and distribution of property. Leading Cases- 1- Maina Bibi V/s Choudhary Vakil Ahmad (1925) 52 La. 145. 2- Habibur Rahman V/s Altaf Ali (1921) 481. A. 114. 3- Monshee Bazul-ul-Raheem V/s Luteefutoon- Nissa (1861) 8 MIA. 379. 4- Abdul Fata V/s Russmoy Chaudhary (1894) 2 ZIA 76 5- Mohd. Ahmad Khan V/s Shah Bano Begum AIR 1985 S.C. 945.

PAPER- II LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF INDIA UNIT-I Judicial Systems in Ancient India- Judicial system in ancient India: Hindu Period, Ancient Hindu social order and religions philosophy, Administration of justice, Judicial system in medieval India: Muslim Period, The Mughal period: Judicial system. Administration of Justice in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta- Emergence of the East India company : development of authority under charters, Trading body to a territorial power : subsequent charters, Administration of justice in Madras from 1639 to 1726, Administration of justice in Bombay 1668- 1726, Administration of justice in Calcutta 1619- 1726. The Mayors Court- Genesis of the Charter of 1726, Provisions of the charter, Working in judicial system, Charter of 1753, Defects of judicial systems. UNIT-II Adalat system- Grant of Diwani, Execution of Diwani Functions, judicial plan of 1772, Defects of the plan, New plan of 1774, Reorganization of adalats in 1780, Reforms of 1781, The first civil code, Reforms in the administrations of criminal justice. The Regulating Act 1773- Charter of 1774 and the Supreme Court of Calcutta, Some land mark cases: Issue of Raja Nandkumar (1775): whether a judicial murder?, The Patna cases (1777-79), The Cossijurah case (1779-80), Act of settlement 1781, Major defects, Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay, Law and administration in the Supreme Court. Judicial Reforms- Judicial reforms of Cornwallis, Problems of judicial reforms 1793 1833, Impact of reforms by Cornwallis 1793, Reforms of Sir John Shore (1793) Reforms of Lord Wellesley (1798), Reforms of Lord Cornwallis (1805), Reforms of Lord Minto (1807), Lord Hastings administration of justice (1813), Judicial reforms of Lord Bentick (1828), Defects of the systems. UNIT-III Establishment of the High Courts The Indian High Courts Act 1861, Charter of Calcutta High Court, Allahabad High Court, The Indian High Courts Act 1911, The Government of India Act, 1915: other High courts, Jurisdiction of high courts, Posts constitutional developments. Growth of Criminal Law. Growth of personal law of Hindus and Muslims. Charter Act 1833. Growth of Justice, equity and good conscience. UNIT-IV The Indian Councils Act 1909, The Government of India Act 1919. UNIT-V The Federal Court of India- Foundation of the Federal Court, Jurisdiction, Authority of law, Expansion of jurisdiction, Abolition of the Federal Court, An assessment. Privy Council- Jurisdiction, Appeals from India, A unique institution. The Supreme Court of India- Origin, Constitution, Jurisdiction and powers, Doctrine of precedents and the Supreme Court, Recent Changes. Influence of English law in India. Prerogative writs in India. Racial discrimination. The Simon Commission and developments up to 1935, The Government of India Act 1935, The Cripps Mission, The Cabinet Mission, The Indian Independence Act 1947.

Leading Cases- 1- Raja Nand Kumar Case. 2- The Cossijurah Case. 3- The Patna Case. 4- Kamaluddeen Case.

PAPER-III INDIAN ECONOMY (ECONOMICS) UNIT-I Pre-British Period Indian economy in the Pre-British period- Structure and organization of villages, towns, industries and handicrafts. Economic Consequences of the British Rule-General overall impact; colonial exploitation form and consequences; case of protection of Indian industries. The theory of drain- its pros and cons. Basic features; Natural resources, Land, water and forest resources. UNIT-II Structure of Indian Economy Broad demographic features, Population size and growth rates, sex composition, rural urban migration, occupational distribution, problem of overpopulation, population policy, infrastructure development. Agriculture - Nature and importance, Trends, agricultural production and productivity, factors determining productivity; Land reforms; New agricultural strategy and green revolution, Rural credit, agricultural marketing, agriculture and WTO. Poverty and inequality; Unemployment, Problem of rising prices in Indian Economy. UNIT-III Industry Industrial development during the planning period, Industrial licensing policy MRTP ACT, FERA and FEMA; Industrial policy of 1991; Growth and problems of small scale industries, Role of public sector enterprises in India‘s industrialization. UNIT-IV Planning in India Objectives; strategy; broad achievements and failures; Current Five Year Plan objectives, allocation and targets; New economic reforms liberalization, privatization and globalization; Progress of privatization and globalization in India. UNIT-V External Sector Role of foreign trade; Trends in exports and imports; Composition and direction of India‘s foreign trade; Balance of payment crisis and the New economic reforms - Exports promotion measures and the new trade policies, Foreign capital - FDI, aid, Multinational corporations (MNCs) and their impact on Indian Economy. The relevance of SWADESHI

PAPER IV SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA (SOCIOLOGY) Unit I Social Problem: meaning, concept and types. Crime and Delinquency: meaning, causes, types, theories and remedies. Unit II Issue of Population during 20th Century : Population Problem, Population Education and programmes of control. Population Control -measures, causes for success and failure. Issue of Population in 21st Century : Demographic Dividend Unit III Problem of Youth, Drug Abuse and AIDS, Problems of Women in India. Women Empowerment, Female foeticide. Unit IV Poverty, Unemployment and Illiteracy :causes forms and remedies. Human rights and Social Problems. Environment degradation and solutions. Unit V

Social Problems of special groups in India-The Scheduled castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward classes. Problems of Minorities and Communalism.

PAPER- V INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM (POLITICAL SCIENCE) Unit-I Major Landmarks in the Constitutional Development of India, Framing of the Indian Constitution-Major Issues, Trends and Approaches of the Constituent Assembly; Preamble of the Constitution; Salient features of the Indian Constitution. Unit-II Human Rights Philosophy in Indian Constitution; Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy, Methods of Amendment of Constitution; Nature of the Federal System, Union-State Relationship and recent trends. Unit-III The Union Executive; The Union Parliament, Working of Parliamentary System, The Supreme Court; The Judicial Review; Emergency Provisions. Unit-IV Office of the Governor, Chief Minister and High Courts, Role of Leadership, Coalition Govt., Party System, Election Commission, Electoral Politics and Electoral Reforms. Unit-V National Integration : Major problems facing Indian Political System - Terrorism, Linguism, Regionalism, Communalism, Politics of Reservation; Role of Caste in Indian Politics.

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Semester- V PAPER-I ENVIRONMENTAL LAW UNIT-I Concept of Environment and Pollution- Meaning and contents of environment, Meaning and contents of pollution, Kinds of pollution, Effects of pollution. Legal Control : Historical Perspective- Indian tradition : Dharma of environment, British Raj- Industrial development and exploitation of nature Nuisance- Penal code and procedural codes Environmental concerns in Modern India. UNIT-II Constitutional Protection to environment- Constitution making- development and property oriented approach Fundamental Rights and Environment- Right to clean and healthy environment, environment V/s development. Directive principles of state policy and environment Fundamental Duties and environment. Other provisions of the constitution relevant to environment Emerging Principles- Polluter pays, precautionary principle, public trust doctrine, sustainable development, Public Interest Litigation Judicial Activism Pertaining to Environmental Pollution. UNIT-III The Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1974- Application of the Act, Definitions Constitution of central, state and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualification and disqualification of the members Prevention and control of water pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981- Application of the act, Definitions Constitutions of central, State and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualifications and disqualifications of the members Prevention and control of Air pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. UNIT-IV Environment Protection Act, 1986- Application of the Act, Definitions, General Powers of the central government including the powers to give directions Prevention and control of environmental pollution and procedure thereof Penalties. UNIT-V Noise Pollution- Meaning of Noise pollution, Sources of Noise pollution, Effects of Noise pollution, Legal Control. Forests and wild life protection The Indian Forests Act, 1927- Salient features of the Act, Applicability, Power to reserve forests, power to declare forests land, powers and functions of forest settlement officer, protected forests, penalties and contraventions. The forest (conservation) Act, 1980- Objectives, application and salient features of the Act, definitions, Restrictions on the de-reservation of forests, advisory committee, offences and penalties. Wild life (Protection) Act, 1972- Objectives, applicability and salient features of the Act, Authorities, Duties of wild life Advisory Board, Hunting of wild animals, sanctuaries, National Park, Closed areas, central Zoo authority, Trade or commerce in wild animals, Animal articles and trophies, Prevention and detection of offences, penalties. International Regime- Un declaration on right to development, Stockholm, Rio etc. conferences. Green House effect and Ozone depletion Bio- diversity. Leading Cases- 1- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965 2- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1988 SC 1115 3- Vellore citizen‘s welfare forum V/s Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2715 4- Tarun Bharat Sangh, Alwar V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 514 5- A.P. Pollution control Board (II) V/s Prof. M.V. Nayudu, (2001) 2 SCC 62

Paper-II PROPERTY LAW INCLUDING TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT AND EASEMENT ACT UNIT-I Jurisprudential control of property: Concept, meanding and kinds of property, Movable and immovable, tangible and intangible property, Intellectual property: Copyright, patents, designs and trademarks. Preliminary: Definition, Essentials of Transfer, Competence of parties, subject matter of transfer, transfer to unborn child, registration of transfer, etc. General Rules of Transfer: (a) Restrains of alienation absolute or partial, Restrains of free enjoyment, Covenants affecting enjoyment, divesting on insolvency, perpetuities, Future estates, Doctrine of acceleration. Accumulation of income, exceptions, Covenants and Transfer, General Rules of Transfer, (b) Conditional transfer : Condition precedent, condition subsequent; vested and contingent interest. UNIT-II Election, Priority of rights, Notice, Implied transfers by limited owners, transfer of property out of which maintenance claims have to be met, ownership by holding out, ownership by estoppels, feeding the grant by estoppels, Doctrine of Part performance (Ss. 35-53A), Sale of immovable property (Ss 54 to 57). UNIT-III Mortgage and Charge: Kinds of mortgage, Rights and liabilities of Mortgagor and mortgagee, Priority, marshalling, contribution and subrogation. UNIT-IV Exchange, Lease, Gift, Actionable claim. UNIT-V Easements: Indian Easements Act, 1882, Nature, Characteristics, Creation, Essentials of Easements, Imposition, Acquisition, Incidents, Disturbance, Extinction, Suspension and Revival of Easement, Riparian Rights, License, Difference between lease and license. Leading Cases- 1- Smt. Shanta Bai Vs State of Bombay & others, AIR 1958 SC 532. 2- Rajender Vs Santa Singh, AIR 1973 SC 2537 3- Kreglinger Vs New Patagonia Meat and Cold Storage Comp. Ltd (1914) AC 25 4- Union of India Vs Sharda Mills Ltd, AIR 1973 SC 281 5- Nathu Lal Vs Phool Chand, AIR 1970 SC 546 6- Jumma Masjid Vs Deviah AIR 1962 SC 847

PAPER – III MONEY, BANKING AND PUBLIC FINANCE (Economics)

UNIT-I Value of Money and Inflation Money-concept and Importance, quantity theory of money, cash transaction and cash balance approaches; The Keynesian approach, Inflation, deflation and reflation, definition, types. causes and effects of inflation on different sectors of the economy; Demand pull and cost-push inflation; Measures to control inflation, Philips curve, Determinants of money supply - High powered money and money multiplier. UNIT-II Commercial Banking Meaning types and Functions of commercial banks. The process of credit Creation. Evolution of commercial banking in India after independence. Recent reform in banking sector. UNIT-III Central Banking

Functions of a central bank; quantitative and qualitative methods of credit Control- Bank rate policy, Open market operations, Variable reserve ratio and Selective methods, Role and functions of the Reserve Bank of India. Objectives and limitations of monetary policy with special reference to India. UNIT-IV Nature and Scope of Public Finance Meaning and scope of public finance; Distinction between private and public finance; Public goods; The principle of maximum social advantage; Public Expenditure- Meaning, classification and principle of public expenditure; Canons and effects of public expenditure. UNIT-V Taxation and Public Debt Sources of public revenue; Taxation, canons and classification of taxes; Impact and incidence and shifting of taxes; Taxable capacity; Effects of taxation; Characteristics of a good tax system. Sources of public borrowing; Effects of public debt. Various concepts of budget deficits.

PAPER- IV INDIAN SOCIETY (SOCIOLOGY) Unit I Cultural and Ethnic Diversity: Historically embedded diversities in respect of Language, Caste, Religion, religious beliefs, practices and Cultural patterns. Unity in Diversity –structural unity of Indian society. Unit II Concepts of Varna, Ashram, Karma ,Purshartha and Sanskar. Unit III Basic Institutions of Indian society: Caste, Kinship, Family, Marriage. Caste and Class: meaning, features and changing dimensions. Unit IV The structure and composition of Indian Society: Villages, Towns, Cities, Rural-Urban linkages, Urbanization,Tribes, Weaker Sections, Dalits, Women and Minorities, Population profile and related issues. Unit V Processes of Social Change, Sanskritisation, Westernization, Modernization and Globlization. Planned Change & transformation in India.

PAPER- V WESTERN POLITICAL THINKERS (POLITICAL SCIENCE) Unit I Plato, Aristotle Unit II St. Augustine, Thomas Acquinas, Machiavelli Unit III Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau Unit IV Bentham, J.S. Mill, T.H.Green Unit V Hegel, Karl Marx ***

Semester- VI

PAPER- I LABOUR LAW- I UNIT- I Historical Perspective of Labour: Labour through the ages; slave Labour- guild system division on caste basis labour during feudal gays. Labour Capital Conflicts: Exploitation & Labour Profit Motive, poor bargaining power, poor working condition, unorganized labour bonded labour, surplus, labour divisions of labour. Transition from exploitation to protection and from status to contract. UNIT- II Industrial Dispute At- Scope and Object definitions, assistance bipartite settlement, work committee, conciliation officer, authorities for saving disputes, reference power. Provision relating to layoff UNIT- III Trade Unionism: Trade union Freedom: International Perspective The History of trade union movement in India, Right to trade union as part of human right, freedom of association- international norms and the Indian constitution. The Trade Union Act, 1926: definitions, registration of trade union, function of registrar, Cancellation of registration of general, rights and liabilities of registered trade union, immunities, office bearers, change of name, amalgamation and dissolution of trade union, penalties. UNIT- IV Complete Factories Act, 1948- Definition, inspectors, provisions regarding health, safety, welfare, provision relating to employment of young person, women workers, annual leaves with wages & penealities. UNIT- V Protection of the weaker section of of the labour- Tribal Labour; need for regulation, unorganized labour like domestic servants- problems and perspective, bonded labour, (Regulation & Abolition At, 1970), Child Labour Prohibition At, 1986 Leading Cases:- 1. Workmen of Indian Standard Institutions V. Indian Institution AIR 1976 SC 145. 2. Burmah Shell Co. s Burmah Shell Management Staff Association 1970 I FLLJ. 590 SC AIR 1971 S 922. 3. Express Newspaper Ltd Vs Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578 4. Bangalore Water Supply s. A. Rajappa AIR 1978 SC 548 5. Bidi Leaves and Tobacco Merchants Association India and Others s State of Bombay AIR 1962 SC 486 6. Jay Engineering Works Vs State of Bengal, AIR 1990 Cal 406 7. Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd. Vs. Ludh Budh Singh AIR 1972 SC 1031 8. Workmen of Firestone Tyre and Rubber o. Ltd. S. The Management of Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd. AIR 1972 SC 1227

PAPER-II JURISPRUDENCE UNIT-I Introduction- Meaning, definition, nature, scope and importance of Jurisprudence. Norms and the normative system: Different types of normative systems, such as of games, language, religious orders, unions, clubs and customary practice. Legal systems as a normative order: Similarities and difference of the legal systemwith other normative systems. Law: Nature and definition given by different jurists. UNIT-II

Schools of Jurisprudence: Analytical positivism, Natural Law School, Historical School, Sociological School Economic Interpretation of Law, Realist School. The Indian Jurisprudence: Origin and its nature, The concept of ‗Dharma‘. UNIT-III Purpose of Law: Justice, meaning and kinds, Justice and Law: Approaches of different schools; Power of the Supreme Court of India to render complete justice in a case with special reference to Article 142. Critical studies, Feminist Jurisprudence. Source of Law: Customs, legislations, judicial precedent and juristic writings as a source of law. Concept of Stare decisis, obiter dicta and Ratio decedendi. UNIT-IV Persons: Nature of personality, status of the unborn, minor, lunatic, drunken, dead person, idol and mosque; corporate personality- Corporate sole and corporate aggregate; dimensions of the modern legal personality of non-human beings. Possession: Concept and kinds of possession. Ownership: The concept, kinds. Relation between possession and ownership. UNIT-V Concept of legal rights, its kinds and right-duty correlation. Title Property: Concept and kinds of property. Liability: Conditions required for imposing liability, wrongful act- damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum. Causation, mensrea, intention, motive. Malice, negligence and recklessness. Strict and vicarious liability. Obligation- nature, kinds and sources of obligation. Procedure: difference between substantive and procedural laws. Evidence-nature and kinds. Theory of Punishment, Administration of justice, Capital Punishment. Leading Cases- 1- Keshavanand Bharti Vs State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461 2- A.K. Gopalan Vs State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 27 3- Maharaja Shree Ummed Mills Ltd Vs Union of India, AIR 1963 SC 953 4- Jaipur Udyog Ltd Vs Income Tax Commissioner, AIR 1965 Raj. 162 5- Shrimati Indira Nehru Gandhi Vs Raj Narayan, AIR 1975 SC 2299 6- In Re Article 143 (Keshav Singh) AIR 1965 SC 745 7- Bengal Immunity Co. Vs State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 661 8- Trilokchand Motichand V. H.B. Munshi, AIR 1970 SC 898 9- Menka Gandhi Vs Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 597.

PAPER- III SOCIAL THINKERS (SOCIOLOGY) Unit I Durkheim : Social Fact, Division of Labour, Suicide. Unit II Max Weber : Social Action, Bureaucracy, Ideal type Religion and Capitalism. Unit III Karl Marx : Class-struggle, Dialectical Materialism, Historical Materialism. Unit IV A.R. Desai : Social Background of Indian nationalism Radha Kamal Mukherjee : Social Values, Social Ecology, Theory of Social Science. Unit V D.P. Mukherjee : Dialectic of Tradition G.S. Ghurye : Caste, Class and Occupation, Social Tension.

PAPER- IV APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS IN ECONOMICS (ECONOMIS) UNIT I Concepts of differentiation and integration, Theory of consumer behaviour - Maximization of utility. Slutsky Equation for two commodities Derivation of demand curve, consumer surplus , elasticity of demand. UNIT – II Theory of firm- A well behaved production function, Cobb-Douglas and CES production function - Linearally Homogenous Production function, Elasticity of substitution, Producer‘s surplus. UNIT – III Application of difference and differential equation, Cobweb Model, Concept of multiplier and accelerator, trade cycle models of Hick and Samuelson. UNIT –IV Linear programming - Graphical solution. Simplex method- Primal and dual. Game theory- The Zero sum two persons game, Maximin and Minimax, Saddle point. UNIT- V Input output analysis - Open and closed Leontief Model. Components of Final Demand and Value added, Determination of capacity, output level and investment requirements.

PAPER- V INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS SINCE 1945 (POLITICAL SCIENCE) Unit - I United Nations - its Organization, Working and Critical Evaluation. Unit - II Cold War - Origin and impact on International Relations, Détente, End of Cold War, Decolonisation and the emergence of new states in Asia and Africa, Non alignment - Objectives, Characteristics and Relevance. Unit - III Foreign Policies of U.S.A., China, Russia and Pakistan. Unit - IV Foreign Policy of India and its Relations specially with neighbouring countries. Unit - V Contemporary trends and Issues in International Politics; Arab-Israel Conflict and Palestine Problem, Disarmament, New Economic and Political trends in Europe, the New International Economic Order; South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC), Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

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Semester- VII

PAPER- I LABOUR LAW- II UNIT- I State Regulation of Industrial relations- The Industrial Dispute Act, 1947: Strike and Lockout, Lay-off and retrenchment, special provision relation of layoff, public utility services. Retrenchment and Closure transfer of undertakings, Penalities, Change in condition of services during pendency of dispute, unfair labour practices. UNIT- II Workmen‘s Compensation Act, 1923; Historical Perspective, Constitutionality of the Act; Definitions, Compensation for workmen; commissions: Appointment; Function and power; Jurisdiction of civil court, Registration of agreement; Appeals and power of state Governments to make rules. UNIT- III Employee State Insurance At, 1948 Preliminary, Definitions, corporation, standing committee and medical benefit council; Employee State Insurance fund and purpose for which expenses can be incurred from the fund. Benefits Adjudications of disputes and claims; penalties; miscellaneous provisions. UNIT- IV Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 Definition; payment of gratuity, forfeiture of gratuity, determination of the amount of gratuity, nomination, rights of the nominees; recovery of gratuity, appointment of inspectors and their powers; penalties, cognizance of offence; protection of action taken in good faith; protection of gratuity. Maternity Benefit At, 1961Definition, Maternity Benefits; Right, , obligations, Inspectors: appointment, power., duties, penalties and Miscellaneous provision. UNIT- V Remuneration for labour- Theories of wages, concept of wages, components of wages, disparity in wages. The Minimum Wages Act, 1948: Objects, definition, fixation of minimum rates if wages, inspectors, payment of minimum rates of wages, overtime claims, Payment of Wages Act, 1936. Leading Cases- 1. Workmen of Indian Standard Institutions V. Indian Institution AIR 1976 SC 145. 2. Burmah Shell Co. s Burmah Shell Management Staff Association 1970 I FLLJ. 590 SC AIR 1971 S 922. 3. Express Newspaper Ltd Vs Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578 4. Bangalore Water Supply s. A. Rajappa AIR 1978 SC 548 5. Bidi Leaves and Tobacco Merchants Association India and Others s State of Bombay AIR 1962 SC 486 6. Jay Engineering Works Vs State of Bengal, AIR 1990 Cal 406 7. Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd. Vs. Ludh Budh Singh AIR 1972 SC 1031 8. Workmen of Firestone Tyre and Rubber o. Ltd. S. The Management of Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd. AIR 1972 SC 1227

Paper-II LAW OF CRIMES UNIT-I General Introduction- Concept of crime: Its definition, nature and scope. Distinction between crime and other wrongs. Applicability of IPC: Intra and Extra territorial operation. Salient features of the IPC, general explanations. Elements of criminal liability: Mental elements in crime- mensrea (evil intention), its importance and exceptions. (Trends to fix liability without mensrea). State‘s power to determine acts or omissions as crime.

Types of Punishment- Death punishment, its impacts and social relevance. Alternative to capital punishment; imprisonment for life with hard labour, simple imprisonment; Forfeiture of property and fine. Discretion of Court in awarding punishment. Minimum punishment in respect of certain offences. Stages of a crime- mere intention not punishable, preparation, attempt- tests for determining what constitutes attempt- proximity, equivocality and social danger, impossible attempts. UNIT-II General Exceptions: Factors negative guilty intention: Mistake of fact not of law; judicial act, accident, necessity, minority and insanity; (Impairment of cognitive faculties, emotional imbalance) medical and legal insanity; Intoxication. Private defence- justification and limits when private defence extends to causing of death to protect body and property. UNIT-III Group Liability: Common intention, unlawful assembly and common object. Abetment: instigation, aiding and conspiracy. Mere act of abetment punishable. Provisions relating to criminal conspiracy. Riot and affray. Offences against the state- Waging war against the state and sedition. Offences against public servant and public justice, Contempt of lawful authority of public servants; giving and fabricating false evidence and aggravated form of the crime. UNIT-IV Specific offences against Human Body:- (i) Culpable homicide, murder, distinction between culpable homicide and murder. Situation justifying treating murder as culpable homicide not amounting to murder- grave and sudden provocation, exceeding right of private defence, public servant exceeding legitimate use of force, death in sudden fight, death caused by consent of the deceased- euthanasia and surgical operation. Death caused of person other than the person intended. Rash and negligent act causing death. (ii) Hurt- simple and grievous. (iii) Wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement. (iv) Criminal force and assault. (v) Kidnapping and abduction. Offences against women:- (i) Insulting the modesty of a woman, assault or criminal force with intent to outrage the modesty of a woman. (ii) Miscarriage: Causing miscarriage without women‘s consent and causing death by miscarriage without women‘s consent. (iii) Kidnapping or abducting woman to compel her to marry or force her to illicit intercourse. (iv) Buying or selling a minor for purposes of prostitution. (v) Rape- custodial rape, gang rape, marital rape, unlawful sexual intercourse. (vi) Prevention of immoral traffic and prevention of sati. (vii) Cruelty by husband or his relative. (viii) Dowry death. (ix) Prohibition of indecent representation of women. Protection of Women from Domestic violence Act, 2005- Definitions, Power and duties of protection of officers and service providers, Application to Magistrate, Protection orders, Residence orders, Custody orders, Compensation orders and Monetary reliefs, Penalty for breach of protection orders by respondent. UNIT-V Offences against property- theft, extortion, robber, dacoity, criminal misappropriation of property, criminal breach of trust, cheating, mischief and criminal trespass. Offences relating to documents: Forgery of making a forged document. Offences relating to marriage: Bigamy, marriage or fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage, adultery, enticing or deceiting a married woman. Defamation: definition and exceptions. Leading Cases-

1- Reg Vs Govinda IR 1876 1 BOM 342. 2- Kedarnath Vs State of Bihar AIR 1962 SC 955 3- T.D. Vadgama Vs State of Gujrat AIR 1973 SC 2313 4- Veliji Ragahvji Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1965 SC 1433 5- K.N. Nanavati Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1962 SC 605.

PAPER – III TRUST, EQUITY AND FIDUCIARY RELATIONS UNIT- I Equity : Concept of Equity – Place function Nature of Equity, Origin and Growth of Equity in England – UNIT- II Maxims of equity - Equitable rights - Equitable remedies. UNIT-III Indian Trust Act, 1882: Definition- Creation of Trusts- Duties and liabilities of TrusteesRights and Powers of trustees- Disabilities of trustees- Rights and Liabilities of the Beneficiary, Vacating the office of Trustees- Extinction of Trust- Certain obligations in the nature of Trust. UNIT- IV Rajasthan Public Trust Act, 1959: Definition and Validity of certain public trustRegistration of Public Trust- Management of Public Trust property- Powers of officers in relations to Public Trust UNIT- V Control of Public Trust- Special provisions in respect of certain trust- Dharmada, Procedure and Penalties. Fiduciary Relation : Fiduciary Relationship, Definition, Kinds, classification, Fiduciary principle. Leading Cases : 1. Hindu religious Endowments, Madras V. Shri Lakshmindar Thiratha Swamiar of Shri Shirur Mutt, AIR 1954 SC 282. 2. Durgah Committee, Ajmer V. Syed Hussain Ali AIR 1961 SC 1402. 3. Surajmal Singhvi V. State of Rajasthan , 1966 RLW 556. 4. Tilakayat Shri Govindlalji V. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1963 SC 1630. Select Bibliography: 1. Upadhyaya, J.J. R.- Equity, Trusts with Fiduciary Relation and Specific Relief. 2. Gandhi, B.M- Equity, Trusts and Specific Relief. 3. Varadachari, V.K.- Law of Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments. 4. Varadachari, V.K. - Public Trusts and Taxation.

PAPER – IV LEGAL LANGUAGE, LEGAL WRITING INCLUDING GENERAL ENGLISH AND INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES. UNIT-I Meaning of interpretation, its distinction from constructions, kinds of interpretation Grammatical and logical, intention of legislation Cardinal principles of interpretation; Plain meaning rule; Golden rule and mischief rule, Aids to interpretation, Internal : Long title, Preamble, Headings, marginal Notes, Non obstante clause, Punctuation, Proviso, External : Parliamentary History; legislative debate, Reports of Committees and Commission, Statement of Objects and Reasons, Historical facts and surrounding circumstance, Dictionary. UNIT-II Maxims of interpretation : Ejusdem Generies, Nosciture a Sociis, Utres magis valeat qavam pereat, Statute in pari materia, Operation of statutes, Expiry and repeal of Statutes, Mandatory provisions, Use of Statutes, Construction of Fiscal Statutes Interpretation of Penal Statutes and Interpretation of Constitution, colourable legislation, Doctrine of pith and substance and Doctrine of eclipse, etc. UNIT-III

Vocabulary: Use of legal phrases and terms; pairs of words; one word substitution (A) Vocabulary : List of Legal terms which are relevant for LL.B. students: Abet, Abstain, Accomplice, Act of God, Actionable, Accused, Adjournment, Adjudication, Admission, Affidavit, Amendment, Appeal, Acquittal, Articles, Assent, Attested, Attornment, Averment, Bail, Bailment, Citation, Clause, Coercion, Code, Cognizable, Confession, Compromise, Consent, Conspiracy, Contempt, Contingent, Contraband, Conviction, Convention, Corporate, Custody, Damages, Decree, Defamation, Defence, Excheat, Estoppel, Eviction, Executive, Ex-parte, Finding, Floating, charge Forma Pauperis, Franchise, Fraud, Frustration, Good faith, Guardian, Habeas Corpus. Hearsay, Homicide, Hypothication, Illegal, Indemnity, Inheritance, Bench, Bill, Bill of attainder, Bill of rights, Blockade, Bonafide, By-laws, Capital Punishment, Charge, Chattles, Justiciable, Legislation, Legitimacy, Liability, Liberty, Licence, Lien, Liquidation, Maintenance, Malafide, Malfeasance, Minor, Misfeasance, Mortgage, Murder, Negligence, Negotiable Instruments Neutrality, Non-feasance, Notification, Novation, Nuisance, Oath, Obscene, Offender, Order, Ordinance, Over-rule, De-facto, De Jure, Deposit, Detention, Discretion, Distress, Earnest Money, Enact, Enforceable, Equality, Partition, Perjury, Petition, Plaintiff, Pledge, Preamble, Pre-emption, Prescription, Presumption, Privilege, Privity, Prize, Process, Promissory Note, Proof, Proposal, Prosecution, Proviso, Ratify, Receiver, Redemption, Reference, Regulation, Remand, Remedy, Rent, Repeal, Res Judicata, Respondent, In Limine, Insanity, Institute, Insurance, Interstate, Issue, Judgement, Judicial, Jurisdiction, Justice, Restitution, Rule, Ruling, Schedule, Section, Settlement, Sovereignty, Specific Performance, Stamp duty, Status quo, Statute, Stay of execution, Succession, Summons, Surety, Tenant, Testator, Testatrix, Title, Tort, Trade Mark, Treason, Treaty, Trespass, Trial, Tribunal, Ultra Vires, Undue influence, Usage, Valid, Verdict, Vested, Violate, Vis- major, Void, Voidable, Wager, Waiver, Warrant, Warranty, Will, Writ, Wrong, UNIT-IV Latin maxims: Meaning and use in sentences; Comprehension of legal texts; précis writing LIST OF LATIN MAXIMS: 1. Ab initio (from the beginning) 2. Actio personalis moritur cum persona (Personal actions die with the death of person). 3. Actus Curae neminem gravabit (an act of the court shall prejudice no one). 4. Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea (the act itself Does not constitute guilt unless done with a guilty intent). 5. Actus reus (wrongful act). 6. Ad interim (in the meantime) 7. Ad litem (for the suit). 8. Ad valorum (according to the value). 9. Alibi (Plea of being elsewhere) 10. Amicus curaie (friend of the court) 11. Animus (Intention) 12. Audi alterem partem (hear the other side). 13. Caveat emptor (buyer beware). 14. Consensus ad idem (agreement by two persons upon the same thing in the same sense). 15. Damnum sine injuria (damage without injury). 16. De facto (in fact). 17. De jure (in law). 18. De minimis non curat lex (the law takes no account of trifling matters). 19. Decree nisi (a decree which takes effect after a specified period). 20. Delegatus non potest delegare (a delegated power can not be further delegated). 21. Doli incapax (incapable in malice). 22. Donatio mortis causa (gift by a person on the death bed). 23. Ejusdem generis (of the same category). 24. Eminent domain (the supreme right). 25. Ex-officio (by virtue of an office). 26. Ex-parte (not in the presence of the opposite party).

27. Ex-post-facto (by subsequent act). 28. Factum valet (the fact which cannot be altered). 29. Fait accompli (an accomplished fact). 30. Ignorentia legis neminem excuset (ignorance of law is no excuse). 31. In pari materia (in an analogous case, cause or position). 32. Injuria sine damno (injury without damage) 33. Interest republicae ut sit finis litium (it is in the interest of the republic that there should be an end of law suit). 34. Intra-vires (within the powers) 35. Jus tertii (The right of a third party) 36. Lis pendens (pending suit) 37. Mens rea (a guilty mind) 38. Mesne profits (the profits received bya person on wrongful possession). 39. Nemo det quod non habet (no man can't transfer better title than he has himself). 40. Nemo det bis vexari pro et idem causa (no man be twice vexed for the same cause). 41. Nemo in propria causa judex esse debet (no one ought to be a judge in his own case) 42. Nolle prosequi (to be unwilling to prosecute). 43. Obiter dicta (an opinion of law not necessary to the decision) 44. Onus probandi (the burden of proof) 45. Pacta sunt servanda (pact must be respected) 46. Pendente lite (during litigation) 47. Per Capita (per head) 48. Per incuriam (through inadvertence or carelessness). 49. Per stripes (by stocks) 50. Plenum dominium (full stocks) 51. Pro bono publico (for the public good) 52. Ratio decidendi (grounds for decision, principles of the case). 53. Res geste (connected facts forming the part of the same transaction). 54. Res ipsa loquitur (the thing speaks for itself) 55. Res judicata (a matter already adjudicated upon). 56. Res nullius (an ownerless thing) 57. Rule nisi (a rule or order upon condition that is to become absolute when cause is shown to the contrary). 58. Status quo (existing position) 59. Sub judice (in course of adjudication). 60. Sui juris (one's own right). 61. Suo motu (of ones own accord) 62. Ubi jus ibi remedium (where there is a right, there is a remedy). 63. Ultra vires (beyond the powers of). 64. Volenti non fit unjuria (Risk taken voluntarily is not actionable). UNIT-V Writing of legal drafts letters and applications; Essay writing on topics of legal interest; Translation from Hindi to English and English to Hindi. Note : Except in a question relating to translation from English to Hindi; answers to Questions asked in unit 3, 4 & 5th are to be given in English. Select Bibliography: 1. Galnville William : Learning the Law. 2. Wren & Martin : English Grammar. 3. Ganga Sahai Sharma : Fundamental of Legal Writing. 4. Hindi-English Legal glossary : Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Ministry of Law, Government of India, New Delhi. 5. David Green : Contemporary English Grammar, structure and composition.

6. Ishtiaque Abidi : Law and Language. 7. Law Lexicon & Legal Maxims by Venketaramanaija. Leading Cases : 1. Heydon's Case (1584) 3 Co Rep. 7a p. 76: ER 637 2. Bengal Immunity Company v. State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 661. 61 3. Alamgir V. State of Bihar, AIR 1959 SC 436. 4. Inder Singh V. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1957 SC 510. Select Bibliography: 1. Maxwell - The interpretation of Statutes. 2. Crawford - Statutory constitution. 3. Craies - Statute Law. 4. Swarup - Interpretation of Statutes. 5. Bindra - Interpretation of Statutes. 6. Sarathi - Interpretation of Statutes. 7. Bhattacharya, T., - Interpretation of Statutes (English & Hindi) 8. Radha Gupta- Interpretation of Statutes (Hindi)

Paper-V ADMINISTRATIVE LAW UNIT-I Evolution, nature and scope of Administrative Law- from a laissez faire to a social welfare state, evolution of administration as the fourth branch of government, conseil‘detate, definition and scope of Administrative Law, relationship between Constitutional Law and Administrative Law, seperation of powers and rule of law. Civil services in India- Nature and organization of civil services: from colonial relics to democratic aspiration, powers and functions, accountability and responsiveness: problems and perspective, administrative deviance- corruption, nepotism and mal-administration. UNIT-II Legislative powers of administration- Necessity for delegation of legislative power, constitutionality of delegated legislation- powers of exclusion, inclusion and power to modify statute, requirement for the validity of delegated legislation. Legislative and judicial control of delegated legislation, sub-delegation of legislative powers, publications of delegated legislation, administrative directions, circulars and policy statements. UNIT-III Judicial powers of administration- (i) Need for devolution of adjudicatory authority on administration. Administrative tribunals- need, nature, constitution, jurisdiction and procedure. Distinction between quasi-judicial and adminstrative functions. (ii) Principles of natural justice- the right to hearing- essential of hearing process, no man shall be judge in his own cause, no man shall be condemned unheard, reasoned decisions, the right to counsel. UNIT-IV Judicial control of administrative action: grounds- jurisdictional error, ultravires, abuse and non exercise of jurisdiction, error apparent on the face of record, violation of principles of natural justice, violation of public policy, unreasonableness and legitimate expectation. Remedies in judicial review, writs, declaratory judgments and injuntions, specific performance and civil suits for compensation. Administrative discretion- Need for administrative discretion, administrative discretion and rule of law, limitations on exercise of discretion- malafide exercise of discretion, constitutional imperative and use of discretionary authority. UNIT-V

Contractual and tortious liability of state: Tortious liability, sovereign and non sovereign functions, statutory immunity, act of state, contractual liability of government, government privilege in legal proceedings- state secrets, public interest, transparency and right to information. Corporation and Public undertakings:- State monopoly, liability of public and private corporations- departmental undertakings, legislative and governmental control, legal remedies, accountability- committee on public undertakings, estimate committee. Public inquiries and commission inquiry, ombudsman: Lokpal, Lokayukta, vigilance commission, parliamentary committees. Right to Information Act, 2005 Leading Cases- 1- A.K. Kraipak Vs Union of India AIR 1970 SC 150 2- In re Delhi Laws Act, AIR 1951 SC 332 3- Raj Narayan V/s. Chairman, Patna Administration Committee Patna AIR 1954 SC 569 4- Syed Yaqoob Vs Radha Krishnan AIR 1964 SC 477 5- Rohtash industries Pvt Ltd Vs S.D. Agarwal AIR 1969 SC 707 6- State of Karnataka Vs Union of India AIR 1978 SC 68.

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Semester- VIII

Paper-IV HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND PRATICE UNIT- I Human Rights: Concept A. Human Rights Meaning and Nature B. Human Rights in Indian Tradition: Ancient, Medieval and Modern C. Human Rights in Western Tradition D. Development of Natural Rights E. Human Rights in international Law and National Law UNIT- II Classification of Human Rights- First Second and Third Generations: Historical Development UNIT-III Human Rights Under International Law A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948) B. Convenant of Political and Civil Rights (1966) C. Convenat of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights(1966) UNIT- IV Role of Regional Organizations A. European Convention of Human Rights B. American Convention of Human Rights C. African Convention of Human Rights UNIT- V Enforcement of Human Rights in Indian Perspective E. Role of Supreme Court F. Role of High Court G. Role of National Human Rights Commission H. Role of State Human Rights Commission

PAPER-II COMPANY LAW UNIT-I General Introduction:- Theories of corporate personality, creation and extinction of corporations. Corporations, partnerships and other associations of persons, state corporations, government companies, small scale; cooperative, corporate and joint sectors. Holding and subsidiary companies. Public and private company. Law relating to Public and Private Companies: Companies Act 2013 Need of company for development, Kinds of Company, formation, registration and incorporation of a company. UNIT-II Memorandum of association- various clauses, alteration there in- doctrine of ultra vires. Articles of association- binding force- alteration- its relation with memorandum of association- doctrine of constructive notice and indoor management and exceptions. Promoters- position- duties and liabilities. UNIT-III Prospectus- issue, contents, liability for misstatements, statement in lieu of prospectus. Shares- general principles of allotment, statutory restrictions, share certificate- its objects and effects, transfer of shares, procedure for transfer, issue of shares at premium and discount, depository receipts- dematerialized shared (DEMAT). Calls on shares, forfeiture and surrender of shares; lien on shares. Share capital- kinds, alteration and reduction of share capital, further issue of capital, conversion of loans and debentures into capital.

Borrowing powers- Charges, mortgages, contract by companies, debenture- meaning, kinds and remedies available to debenture holders. UNIT-IV Directors- position, appointment, qualification, vacation of office, removal, resignation, powers and duties of directors. Managing directors and other managerial personnel. Meetings- kinds, procedure and voting. Audit and accounts. Dividends- payment, capitalization and profit. Protection of minority rights. Protection of oppression and mismanagement- who can apply? Powers of the court, company and the central government. Investigation of company affairs. Reconstruction and amalgamation of company. UNIT-V Winding up of Company: Winding up- types: By court- grounds- who can apply? Procedure- powers of liquidator- powers of court, consequences of winding up. Voluntary winding up by members and creditors, winding up subject to supervision of courts, payment of liabilities, winding up of unregistered company. Law and multinational companies- (i) International norms for control. (ii) Foreign exchange management Act, 1999- Joint ventures investment in India, repatriation of project. (iii) Collaboration agreements for technology transfer. Corporate liability: (i) Legal liability of companies- civil and criminal. (ii) Remedies against them civil, criminal and tortious- specific relief Act, writs. Leading Cases- 1- Aron Soloman Vs Soloman and Co. (1897) AC 22 2- Royal British Bank Vs Turkund (1856) 119 ER 886 3- Bell House Ltd Vs City Wall Properties Ltd (1966) SC 2 QB 656 4- Bajaj Auto Ltd Vs N.K. Farodia & others, AIR 1971 SC 321 5- Tata Engg and Locomative Co Ltd Vs State of Bihar AIR 1965 SC 40 6- Seth Mohan Lal Vs Grain Chambers Ltd AIR 1968 SC 772 7- Vasudev Ram Chandra Shelat Vs Pranlal Jaya Nand Thakur AIR 1974 SC 1728 8- Shanti Prasad Jain Vs Kalinga Tubes Ltd AIR 1965 SC 1535

UNIT-II The necessity of the Professional Ethics- The Art of Advocacy., Professional Ethics. Nature of professional ethics and the problems of the code of Ethics. Advantages of having codified professional ethics. Professional Ethics- Rules of Conducts. Bar-Bench Relationship- General conception., Advocates duty to the court., Duty of Judge towards the Advocate., Duty of the Bar towards the Bench. Grounds of disputes in Bar-Bench Relations. Suggestions to improve Bar-Bench Relations. UNIT-III Relationship between an Advocate and his client- Code of conduct., Lawyers- client Relationship. Do‘s and Don‘ts for advocate towards client. Accountability of lawyers. Professional Ethics and Advocates Duties to colleagues and others- Advocates duty to colleagues., Advocates duty to opponents, Advocates duty towards witnesses. Advocates duty to public. Illustrations of other misconduct. Disciplinary committee‘s approach in case of professional or other Misconduct. UNIT-IV Contempt of Court- Purpose and meaning of contempt of court., Contempt of Court by Judge, lawyers and state., Contempt by Judge, Magistrate or other persons acting judicially. Contempt of Court by Advocates. Contempt of Court by State, Corporate bodies and their officers. Punishment- Nature and Extent. Power of Superior Courts in Contempt cases. Safeguards available in contempt cases. Authorities and Procedures to deal with professional, misconduct and remedies against their order. State Bar council and its disciplinary committee. The Bar Council of India and its disciplinary committee. Remedies against the order of punishment. Quantum of punishment. UNIT-V Practical Leading Cases- 1- In Re Vinay Chandra Mishra. 2- Hikmat Ali Khan V/s Ishwar Prasad Arya & others 1997, 3 SCC 3- P.D. Gupta V/s Ram Murti and another. 7 S.C.C, 147 AIR 4- D.S. Dalal V/s State Bank of India and others. AIR 1993 S.C. 1608 5- Delhi Judicial Services Association, Tis Hazari Court V/s State of Gujrat, AIR 1991 S.C. 2176.

70 principles of jus cogens and pacta sunt survenda, termination of treaties. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Pacific and compulsive means of settlement of international disputes. International Institution: League of Nations, United Nations. History and formation of United Nations, Organs of United Nations with specific reference to General Assembly, Security Council and International Court of Justice, New International Economic Order and Disarmament. Secretariat, International Criminal Court. UNIT-IV War : Its legal character and effects, Enemy character, Armed conflicts and other hostile relations, beligerent Occupation, War Crimes, termination of war and doctrine of postliminium, Prize courts, Genocide. The law of Neutrality- Basis of neutrality, Rights and duties of neutral state and belligerent states. Quasi neutrality and U.N. Charter. Right of Angary, Contraband, Blockade, unneutral service, Right of visit and search. UNIT-V Human Rights: Introduction, Meaning, Definition & Brief History. The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, National Human Rights Commission, Human Rights Commission of Rajasthan, Role of Judiciary in Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 and covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, 1966. Leading Cases- 1- United Kingdom Vs Norway (Anglo Norwegian fisheries case) ICJ Report 1951 p. 116 2- The Nuremberg judgment, International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg 1946 AJIL Vol. 41, 1947 p. 172 3- In Re Government of India and Mubarak Ali Ahmad 1952 1 II Er 2060 4- Khutch Tribunal award case- foreign affairs report volume XVII March 68. 5- Right to passage over Indian territory case ICJ Report 1957 p. 125.

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Semester- IX PAPER – I ARBITRATION, CONCILIATION AND ALTERNATIVE DISPUTES RESOLUTION SYSTEMS UNIT-I Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 : General provisions: Arbitration agreement; Arbitral Tribunal : Composition and Jurisdiction; Conduct of Arbitral Proceeding. UNIT-II Arbitral awards: Termination of proceedings, setting aside the Arbitral award; Enforcement of Arbitral awards, Appeals; Code of ethics for Arbitrators. UNIT-III Enforcement of Foreign-awards; Geneva Convention International arbitration institutions Conciliation : conciliators, appointment of conciliators, relationship of conciliators with the parties, settlement agreement status and effect of settlement agreements. Terminations of conciliation proceedings, resort to judicial proceedings, cost and deposits. UNIT- IV Alternative dispute & resolution system: Objects and role of committee for implementation of legal aid schemes (CILAS). The Legal services authorities act, 1987 (as amended by the act of 2002)- The national legal service authority, State legal service authority and District legal service authority- constitution and functions; UNIT- V Lok Adalat- Organisation, cognizance of cases, award and powers. Permanent Lok Adalatestablishment, cognizance of cases, procedure and award. Study of other alternative dispute resolution system in brief such as Nyay Panchayat and Family courts.

Leading Cases: 14. Sundaram Finance Ltd. Vs NIPC India Ltd. (1999) 2 SCC 479 2. NMTC Ltd. Vs. Sterlite Industries Ltd. 1996(4) SCC 219 3. Lotus Investment and Securities Vs. Pramod S. Tiberwal 1996(2) SCC 579 4. State of Rajasthan Vs. Bharat Construction Co. 1998 (4) CCs 172 (Raj.)

Legal Aid- Meaning, Nature, Scope and Development Constitutional provisions; Provision of civil procedure code and code of criminal procedure regarding legal aid. The Legal Services Authorities Act and legal aid. Drafting of PIL, petitions and writing of applications for legal aid. UNIT-IV The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 (as amended by the act of 2002) The national legal services authority- Constitution and functions. State legal services authority- constitution and functions. District legal services authority, Taluk legal services committee- constitution and functions. Lok Adalat- organization, cognizances of cases, award and powers. Pre Litigation, conciliation and settlement. Permanent lok adalatestablishment, cognizance of cases, procedure and award. The Rajasthan State Legal Services Authority Regulations, 1999- Legal literacy, legal awareness committee: Constitution and functions of High Court and District Legal awareness committee. Organization of legal awareness camps by law schools. Role of Voluntary organizations. UNIT- V Practical Leading Cases- 1- Bandhua Mukti Morcha Vs Union of India, AIR 1984 SC 802, (1984) 3 SCC 161 2- Olga Tellis V. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) 3 SCC 545, AIR 1986 SC 180 3- Sukdas V. Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh (1986) 2 SCC 401, AIR 1986 SC 991 4- Sheela Barse Vs State of Maharashtra AIR 1983 SC 378

PAPER- III (CR.P.C.) THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 1973, JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT, 2015 AND PROBATION OF OFFENDERS ACT, 1958. UNIT-I: The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 Preliminary: (a) Object, Extent and definitions (Chapter 1) (b) Duties of Public: (i) To assist to police and Magistrate (ii) To give information about certain offences (Chapter IV Ss. 37 to 40) Criminal Courts: (a) Territorial divisions and Classifications (Chapter II, Ss. 6 to 25) (b) Powers (Chapter III, Ss. 26 to 31) UNIT-II: Pre-Trial Procedure: (a) Arrest of Persons (Chapter V) (b) Process to compel appearance (Chapter VI) (c) Process to compel Production of things (Chapter VII) (d) Information to the Police and their powers of Investigation (Chapter XII) (e) Bail (Chapter XXXIII) (f) Jurisdiction of the courts in inquiries and trials (Chapter XIII); Order to furnish security for keeping peace and good behaviour (Ss. 106-124) (g) Maintenance of Public Order and Tranquility (Chapter- X) Conditions requisite for initiation of proceedings, Complaints to Magistrates, Cognizance of Offence and Charge (Chapter XIV, XV and XVII). UNIT-III: Types of Trials: (i) Trial before Court of Session (Chapter XVIII) (ii) Trial of Warrant and Summons Cases (Chapter XIX & XX) (iii) Summary Trials (Chapter XXI) (iv) Maintenance of Wife, Children and Parents (Sec. 125 to 128) UNIT-IV Judgement (Chapter XXVII): (a) Appeal (Chapter XXIX) Reference and revision (Chapter XXX) (b) Misc. Provisions: (i) Irregular proceedings (Chapter XXXV) (ii) Period of Limitation (Chapter XXXVI) (iii) Autrefois acquit and Autrefois convict (Sec. 300) (iv) Legal Aid to the accused at State Expenses (S. 303 & 304) (v) Pardon to an accomplice (Sec. 306 to 308) (vi) Saving of Inherent powers of High Court (Sec. 482). UNIT-V The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015: Definitions, Competent authorities and institutions for juveniles, Neglected Delinquent Juveniles. Procedures and competent authorities, special offences in respect of juveniles. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958:

PAPER-IV INSURANCE LAW UNIT-I Introduction- definition, nature and history of insurance, concept of insurance and law of contract and law of torts, future of insurance in globalize economy, history and development of insurance in India, insurance regulatory authority- role and functions. General principles of law of insurance- Contract of insurance- classifications of contract of insurance, nature of various insurance contracts and parties thereto principle of good faith, insurable interest, the risk, the policy- classification of policies- its forms and contents, its commencements, duration, cancellation, alteration, rectification, renewal, conditions of the policy. UNIT-II Life Insurance: Nature and scope of life insurance, definition, kinds of life insurance, the policy and formation of a life insurance contract, event insured against life insurance contract, circumstances affecting the risk, amount recoverable under life policy, persons entitled to payment and settlement of claims. UNIT-III Marine Insurance: (The Marine Insurance Act, 1963) Nature, scope, classification of marine policies, insurable interest, insurable value, conditions of policy. Voyage- deviations, perils of the sea, partial loss of ship and of freight, salvage, general average, particular charges, measure of indemnity, total valuation, liability to third parties. Fire Insurance: Nature of fire insurance contract, non-disclosure and misrepresentation, standard fire policy, proximate cause, claims. UNIT-IV Insurance against third party risks: The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988- Chapter VIII- definitions, abuse, drives and motor vehicles, requirements of policy, statutory contract between insurer and drive rights of third parties, limitation of third party‘s rights, duty to inform third party, claims tribunal- constitution, functions, applications for compensation- who can apply? Procedure and powers of claims tribunal- its award. UNIT-V Social insurance in India: Important elements in social insurance, its needs, commercial insurance and social insurance. Sickness insurance, Adarkar Scheme, Stack and Rao scheme for wage earners and others risks covered, maturity and other benefits. Old age, premature death and invalidity insurance or pension insurance, public provident fund, unemployment insurance, social insurance for agricultural and unorganized labourers. Public liability insurance: the scheme and authorities. Leading Cases- 1- Glickman Vs Lancashire and General Assurance Co. (1925) 2 KB 593 2- Johnson Vs Marshall (1906) AC 409 3- Digby Vs General Accident Fire and Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (1943) AC 121

4- Minu B. Mehta Vs Balakrishna AIR 1977 SC 1248 5- Prudential Insurance Co. Vs Inland Revenue Commissioner (1904) 2 KB 658. Paper- V CYBER CRIMES Genesis object and scope of it Act, Definitions, E-Commerce and Digital Signature, E- Governance, Dispatch and Receipt of Electronic Records, Security and Receipt under IT Act, Regulations of certifying Authorities, Digital Signature Certificate, Duties and Subscriber, Penalties and Adjudication, Cyber Regulation Appellate Tribunal, Offences under IT Act, Tampering with Computer Source Documents, Hacking with Computer System, Publishing of obscene Information in electronic form, Breach of Confidentiality and Privacy, Offences related to digital signature certificate, Computer Forensic and process of contribution, Liability of network service providers, Power of Police Officer, Miscellaneous provisions under IT Act, Amendment to IPC 1860, Amendment to Evidence Act 1872, Amendment to Banker‘s Book Evidence Act1891, Amendment to Reserve Bank of India Act 1934, Issue of Jurisdiction of Cyber Space, Issue of Online Defamation, Copyright issue in Digital Medium, Trade Mark in Online Medium.

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Semester- X

PAPER- I CRIMINOLOGY AND PENOLOGY UNIT-I Criminology : Definition, nature and scope, method of studying, importance and classification of crime. Criminal behaviour : (a) Explanations. (b) Psychological theories, Alcoholism and Drugs. (c) Crime and social process : Economic Motivation, Socio-cultural Motivations, home and community influences, white collar crime, Female offender, juvenile Delinquency, influence of mass-media UNIT- II Schools of Criminological Thought (Factors in causation of criminal behaviour). i. Ancient School (a) Demonological (b) School of Free Will ii. Classical School. iii. Cartographic or ecological school. iv. Socialistic School v. Typological School (a) Italian or positive school (b) Mental Testers School (c) Psychiativists School. vi. Sociological School. vii. Multi factor School. UNIT- III Control of Crime: Police and Law courts, Prison system, Re-socialization of the offender, Rehabilitation of discharged prisoners in the administration of Criminal justice, prevention of crime delinquency. UNIT-IV Punishment, Relationship between Criminology and Penology; Theories of Punishment: Expiatory, Preventive and reformative and purposes of punishment. Penal Science in India: History of Punishment, Pre-classical School, Neoclassical, Positive School. Reformers, Clinical School and multiple causation approach. UNIT- V Miscellaneous: modes of treatment of offenders, corporeal punishment, Transportation of criminals, Capital punishment, imprisonment, reactional treatment, parole, compensation, admonition, sex and adolescent offenders, indeterminate Sentences, Borstal School, Criminal procedural Jurisprudence. Constitutional Guarantees - Principles of natural Justice as applicable in procedural law, Protection to arrested persons. Under-trials, detenue and convicted persons. Double jeopardy, self-incrimination and right to life and legal aid. Leading Cases : 1. Gura Singh V. State of Rajasthan, 1984 Cr. LJ 1423 (1428) 2. Francis Coralie Mullin V. Union Territory Delhi, AIR 1981 SC. 746. 3. R.K. Garg V. Union of India (1981) 133 ITR 239. 4. Mithu V. State of Punjab, AIR 1983 SC 473.

PAPER-II THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908 AND THE LIMITATION ACT, 1963. UNIT-I Definitions, suits in general, suits of civil nature, stay of suit, Res judicata, Res subjudice, Foreign Judgment UNIT-II

Place of trial, Transfer of suits, Joinder, non-joinder and mis-joinder of parties and causes of action, Service of Summon, Attachment before judgment, Arrest before Judgment. Supplemental proceedings. UNIT- III Execution in general : Courts by which decrees may be executed, powers of the court executing the decrees. Transfer of decrees for execution and modes of execution, Stay of execution, Suits in particular cases (Orders xxix to xxxiii). Abatement of suits, summary proceedings. UNIT- IV Temporary injunction and Appointment of Receiver, Appeals-Appeals against order and appeal against decree, Review. Revision and Reference, Transfer of cases, Restitutions, Caveat, Inherent powers UNIT- V The Limitation Act, 1963 (Omitting the Schedule) Definitions : Purpose, Policy, Scope, Applicant, bond, Defendant, easement, good faith, plaintiff, period of limitation Relationship between limitation, laches, acquiescence, estoppels and res judicata; Limitation of suits, appeals and applications, disability, computation of period of limitation, acknowledgement and part payment, acquisition of ownership by prescription Leading Cases : 1. Shri Sinha Ramanuja V. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR 1961 SC 1720. 2. Seth Hukamchand V. Maharaja Bahadur Singh AIR 1933 PC 193 3. Narain Bhagwant Rao V. Gopal Vinayak AIR 1960 SC 100 4. Garikapati Veerava V. Subbiah Chaudhary, AIR 1957 SC 540. 5. Deoki Nandan V. Murlidhar, AIR 1957 SC 133. 6. Deity Pattabhirama Swamy V. Hanmayya, AIR 1959 SC 57. 7. S.M. jakati V. B.M. Borker, AIR 1959 S.C. 282.

PAPER – III LAND LAWS UNIT-I THE RAJASTHAN TENANCY ACT, 1955 Preliminary Objects and Reasons Definitions (S.5) : Agricultural year, Grove holder Grove Land, Improvement, Land, Tenant, Trespasser, Classes of Tenants, (S.14, 15, 17, 17-a) Lands on which Khatedari Rights do not accrue (S. 16), Primary Rights of tenants (Ss. 31 to 37) Devolution of tenancies, Transfer of tenancies, Exchange of tenancies, Surrender. Abandonment and extinction of tenancies, improvement and trees (Ss. 38 to 87) Groveholders (Ss. 194 to 205) UNIT-II Grounds for Ejectment of tenants and Remedies for Wrongful ejectment (Ss. 169 to 188), Provision for injunction and appointment of Receiver (S. 212), Procedure and Jurisdiction of Courts (Ss. 216 to 221), Appeal, Review, Revision, Reference (Ss. 222 to 232), Question of tenancy right in Civil Courts (S. 242) Conflict of Jurisdiction (S. 243) UNIT-III THE RAJASTHAN LAND REVENUE ACT, 1956 The Board of Revenue (Ss. 4 to 14), Revenue Courts and Officers (Ss. 15 to 36),Appeal, Reference, Revision and Review (Ss. 74 to 87); Land : use of Agricultural Land for Non- .Agricultural purposes (s. 90-A), unauthorised Occupation of Land (S. 91), Allotment of Land for Agricultural purpose (S. 101), Survey and Record operations: General (Ss. 106 to 109) Boundary Marks (Ss. 110 to 111) Maps and Field Books (S .112) UNIT-IV Record of Rights (Ss. 113 to 121) Mutations (Ss. 122 to 137). Settlement operation: General (Ss.142 to 146), Economic Survey (S.148) Formation of Assessment Circles (S. 149), Soil classification (S.150), Evolution and Modification of rent rates, preparation of rent rate reports. its submission and finalisation (Ss. 151 1 to 167), Tenants option to refuse rent determined and its effect (Ss. 168 to 172), Preparation of Dastoor Ganwai (Ss. 173 to 174), Term of settlement (Ss. 175 to 177), Processes for Recovery of

Revenue (S. 228), Writ of demand and citation to appear (Ss. 229 and 229- A), Attachment and Sale of movable property (S. 230), Attachment of the Land (Ss. 231 to 233), Sale of defaulters specific Area, Path or estate (Ss. 235 to 253) UNIT-V The Rajasthan Rent Control Act, 2001 (Act No. 01 of 2003 as amended by Rajasthan Act No. 21 and 22 of 2005): Definition, Application Preliminary, Revision of Rent, Determination of rent, Tenancy- Limited period tenancy, eviction of tenants, rights of landlord, Restoration of possession of illegally evicted tenant and procedure thereof. Constitution of Tribunals, Jurisdiction, Appeal and Execution, Amenities and Miscellaneous provisions. Selected Bibliography : 1. S.K. Dutta- Rajasthan Tenancy Act, Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, Rent Control in Rajasthan. 2. Mathur & Mathur- Land Laws in Rajasthan. 3. Dr. G.S. Karkara- Land Laws in Rajasthan. Leading Cases : 1. Ugam Raj v. Civil Judge(SD) Sojat City & ors. 2005(6) RRD 2180 (Raj.) 2. Heera Lal v. Rent Tribunal, Bikaner & ors. 2005(7) RRD 2648 (Raj.) 3. Nathu Singh v. Laxman Singh 1995 RRD 124 4. Panne Singh v. Guman Singh 1964 RRD 101 5. Shivshankar v. Murli Sri Bade Mathureshji 1996 RRD 316 6. Bhohra v. Ganesh 1996 RRD

PAPER- IV MOOT COURT Practical PAPER- V DRAFTING, PLEADING, CONVEYANCING AND MOOT COURT TRIAL UNIT- I Pleading : Meaning, Kinds; Fundamental principles of pleading and their exceptions, amendment of pleadings, alternate and inconsistent pleadings Doctrine of set-off: Legal set-off and equitable set-off UNIT- II Drafting of pleadings Civil : Plaints, written statement, Original Petition, Affidavit, Notice, Execution Petitions, Memorandum of Appeal, Execution of Writ Petition. and Judgement writing UNIT- III Criminal complaints, Bail Application, Aceusi Reply, criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Appeal, Reference and Revision. UNIT- IV Conveyancing : Meaning, General Rules of Conveyancing, Salient parts of conveyancing, rules relating to their drafting Drafting of Deeds : Partnership deed, mortgage by conditional sale, notice for eviction, writing of government contract, sale deed, Mortgage Deed, Gift Deed, Lease Deed, Rent Deed, Power of Attorney, Provisory Note and will . UNIT- V Pratical ***

3. B.Com.-LL.B. FIVE YEAR Ordinance, Scheme and Syllabys for B.Com. LL.B. (5 year integrated Programme)

Course Title: Bachelor of Commerce and Law Abbreviation: B.Com. LL.B Type of Course: Five Year integrated Degree Course Pattern; Semester Award of Degree: Bachelor of Commerce and Law Degree will be awarded for those who successfully complete all the components and declared pass in the programme after ten semesters.

1. It is a five year degree programme. Examination shall be conducted at the end of each semester as per the academic calendar notified by the university. 2. The maximum age for seeking admission into a stream of Three Year Bachelor Degree Course in Commerce & Law, is limited to twenty years with right of the University to give concession of 2 (two)further year for the applicant belonging to SC or ST or any other Backward Community. 3. There will be two components of the examination: (a) Internal Assessment (IA), & (b) External or Term End examination (EA). The weight of IA will be 20 percent and EA will be 80 percent in each paper unless otherwise specified. 4. The minimum marks required to pass any subject in an examination shall be 40% individual component but 50% in aggregate in both the components and in practical separately unless otherwise specified. 5. Students who do not obtain the required minimum percentage shall be declared fail and will be eligible for reappear next year. However, they will have the option to retain the marks in the papers in which they have secured pass marks i.e. 40% or more. There will be no supplementary examination. 6. In case of re- appearance the result will be prepared on the basis of the candidate‘s performance in current examination. 7. Re-appearance in passed practical is not permitted. 8. The duration of the under graduate degree programme is 5 years. The time span period to complete the course shall be t+2 years from the year of admission. Where‗t‘ is the minimum period of the programme. 9. The term-end examination papers will be divided into 3 Sections. 10. The number of papers in each elective subject and the maximum marks for each paper together with the minimum marks required for a pass are shown against each subject separately in the table given below. 11. First Division 60% and Second Division 50% of the aggregate marks prescribed at Examinations. Division will be awarded at the end of final year examinations 12. The marks obtained in compulsory papers will not be counted while awarding the division. 13. Prohibition against lateral entry and exit: There shall be no lateral entry on the plea of graduation in any subject or exit by way of awarding a degree splitting the integrated double degree course, at any intermediary stage of integrated double degree course. Moot court exercise and Internship: This paper may have three components of 30 marks each and a viva for 10 marks. (a) Moot Court (30 Marks). Every student may be required to do at least three moot courts in a year with 10 marks for each. The moot court work will be on assigned problem and it will be evaluated for 5 marks for written submissions and 5 marks for oral advocacy. (b) Observance of Trial in two cases, one Civil and one Criminal (30 marks):

Students may be required to attend two trials in the course of the last two or three years of LL.B. studies. They will maintain a record and enter the various steps observed during their attendance on different days in the court assignment. This scheme will carry 30 marks. (c) Interviewing techniques and Pre-trial preparations and Internship diary (30 marks): Each student will observe two interviewing sessions of clients at the Lawyer‘s Office/Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary, which will carry 15 marks. Each student will further observe the preparation of documents and court papers by the Advocate and the procedure for the filing of the suit/petition. This will be recorded in the diary, which will carry 15 marks. (d) The fourth component of this paper will be Viva Voce examination on all the above three aspects. This will carry 10 marks. Admission Eligibility: (a) Five Year Integrated Law Degree Course: 10+2 pass in any discipline with 45% marks from any recognised Board/institution. (b) Integrated Degree Program: An applicant who has successfully completed Senior Secondary School course (‗+2‘) or equivalent (such as 11+1, ‗A‘ level in Senior School Leaving certificate course) from a recognized University of India or outside or from a Senior Secondary Board or equivalent, constituted or recognized by the Union or by a State Government or from any equivalent institution from a foreign country recognized by the government of that country for the purpose of issue of qualifying certificate on successful completion of the course, may apply for and be admitted into the program of the Centres of Legal Education to obtain the integrated degree in law with a degree in any other subject as the first degree from the University whose such a degree in law is recognized by the Bar Council of India for the purpose of enrolment. Provided that applicants who have obtained + 2 Higher Secondary Pass Certificate or First Degree Certificate after prosecuting studies in distance or correspondence method shall also be considered as eligible for admission in the Integrated Five Years course or three years‘ LL.B. course, as the case may be. Explanation: The applicants who have obtained 10 + 2 or graduation / post graduation through open Universities system directly without having any basic qualification for prosecuting such studies are not eligible for admission in the Law courses. Attendance: Every student shall be required to complete 75% attendance in classes. A student with less than 75% attendance will be detained from appearing at the examinations of the relevant course. A student who cannot attend classes because of participation in inter-university games & sports, cultural activities, etc. will be given attendance as per rules Mid-term examinations: The internal Assessment will carry 20 percent marks. The number of mid term examinations one or two will be decided by the university authorities and notified to the students. There will be no internal assessment in practical examination. Marking Scheme: The marking scheme will be different for different faculties. In Faculty of Law the university follows the numerical marking scheme. Passing Criteria: For pass in B.Com. LL.B a student must have obtained 50% marks in aggregate. Internal Assessment 20 Marks: Attendance 5 Marks (75% & above), One mid semester examination or Home Assignment of 10 Marks and class test/ presentation/ viva voce of 5 marks. Semester-end examination at the end of each semester will be held of 3 hours duration of 80 Marks. Scheme of Examination: The paper is divided into 3 sections. Section- A (1x10=10) consists of 10 questions. Each question carries one mark. Attempt all questions. Section- B (5 x 8 =40) consists of 5 questions with internal choice in each unit. Attempt all questions. Each question carries 8 marks. Word limit (300 -500 words) Section- C (2 x 15=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 2 questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Word limit (500 words or more). Or

Section- C (3 x 10=30) consists of 5 questions one from each unit. Students are required to attempt any 3 questions. Each question carries 10 marks. Word limit (500 words or more) Structure of the Programme: Scheme of Examination and Subjects for B.Com. LL.B. Programme

Distribution of Marks for B.Com. LL.B. Semester Examination

S.No. Name of the Papers Duration Marks Internal Maximum Marks Term Hours End exams Max. Min Max Min I Semester Subjects/papers for LL.B 1. 1 Paper _I 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 2. 1 PaperII 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 3. 1 Paper-III 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 4. 1 Paper-IV 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 5. 1 Paper-V 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) 6. Paper VI (if any) 3 20 8 (40%) 80 32 (40%) Aggregate Passing Marks 50% of the total Marks

Semester- I  Economics-I  Business Management  Corporate Accounting  Law of Contract- I  Constitution Law - I  General English Semester- II  Contract- II  Business Laws  Constitution Law of India- II  Economy of Rajasthan  Taxation and Auditing Semester- III  Law of Torts  Hindu Law  Financial Accounting  Macro Economics  Company Laws

Semester- IV  Mohammedan Law  Legal and Constitutional History of India  Indian Economy  Principles of Marketing  Business Statistics Semester- V  Environmental Law  Cost Accounting

 Insurance  Money, Banking and Public Finance  Transfer of Property Semester- VI  Labour Law -I  Jurisprudence  Income Tax and Law  Application of Mathematics in Economics  Industrial Law Semester- VII  Labour Law -II  Law of Crimes -I  Trust Equity and Fiduciary Relationship  Legal Language and Interpretation of Statues  Administrative Law Semester- VIII  Human Rights Law and Practice  Company Law  Professional Ethics, Lawyers Accountability and Bar-Bench-Relation & Moot Court Trial  Evidence Law  Public International Law

Semester- IX  Arbitration, Conciliation and Alternative Disputes Resolution System  Public Interest Litigation, Legal Aid and Paralegal Services & Moot Court Trial  Code of Criminal Procedure  Insurance Law  Cyber Crimes Semester- X  Criminology and Penology  Civil Procedure Code  Rajasthan Land Law  Moot Court and Internship  Drafting, Pleading, Conveyancing and Moot Court trial Semester- I

PAPER- I ECONOMICS-I

UNIT I Introduction Nature and scope of economics, methodology in economics Micro- Macro, Static and dynamic analysis, choice as an economic problem, basic postulates, Laws of demand and supply. Unit-II Consumer’s Behaviour Utility, Cardinal and ordinal approaches; Indifference curve; consumer‘s equilibrium (Hicks); Giffin goods, Elasticity of demand-price, income and cross elastities. Consumer‘s surplus. Engel curve. Unit-III Theory of Production and Costs

Production function, iso-quant, law of variable proportions, returns to scale; economies of scale; Different concepts of cost and revenue and their interrelation. Unit- IV Market Structure Market forms - Perfect and imperfect markets; Equilibrium of a firm and industry under Perfect competition, monopoly and price discrimination. Control of Monopoly Power. monopolistic competition. Unit - V Factor Pricing Marginal productivity theory of distribution; Theories of wage determination; Rent-Scarcity rent, Differential rent: Quasi rent; Classical and Keynesian theories of interest, Profit - Innovation, risk and uncertainty theories.

PAPER- II BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Unit - I Introduction: Meaning, Nature, Principles & Importance of Management, Schools of Management Thought. Unit - II Coordination: Meaning, Need and Techniques. Planning: Meaning, Importance, Types and Process. Decision and decision making process. Unit - III Organization: Meaning, Importance, Types, structure of organization. Forms of organization and span of control. Elementary knowledge of organizational behaviour. Decentralization and Delegation of Authority. Unit - IV Directing: Meaning, Importance and Techniques with special emphasis on communication, Controlling. Meaning. Importance Techniques and process. Unit - V Leadership - Meaning, Kind, Style, Merits of a successful leader. Motivation - Meaning, Importance, Approaches. Management by Change. Elementary Knowledge of Stress and Stress Management.

PAPER –III CORPORATE ACCOUNTING Unit – I Accounting for internal Reconstruction. Accounting for Amalgamation of Companies as per Indian Accounting Standard 14 (including inter-company holding). Unit - II Valuation of Goodwill. Valuation of Shares. Unit – III Final Accounts of companies (including computation of Managerial Remuneration). Disposal of Profits (including Capitalization of Profit). Underwriting of shares and debentures. Unit – IV Acquisition of business including profit prior to incorporation and post incorporation. Liquidation of companies. Unit – V Accounting of Holding and Subsidiary Companies in India. Consolidated Balance Sheet and Profit & Loss Account. Double Account System (Excluding Accounts of Electricity Supply Companies.)

PAPER-IV LAW OF CONTRACT-I UNIT-I General Principles of Law of Contract- History and nature of contractual obligations.

Agreement and Contract: difinitions, elements, characteristics and kinds. Proposal and acceptance- various forms, essential elements, communication and revocation- proposal and invitation to proposal, floating offers, tenders. Consideration- need, meaning, kinds, essential elements- nudum pactum- Privity of contract and of consideration- its exceptions, adequacy of consideration, present, past and future consideration, unlawful consideration and its effects, views of Law Commission of India on consideration, evaluation of the doctrine of consideration. UNIT-II Capacity to Contract- Meaning- incapacity to contract- minor‘s Agreements- definition of ‗minor‘, necessaries supplied to a minor, agreements beneficial and detrimental to a minor, affirmation- restitution in cases of minor‘s agreements, fraud by a minor, agreements made on behalf of a minor, minor‘s agreements and estoppels, evaluation of the law relating to minor‘s agreements. Consent- Free consent- Its need, definition and factors vitiating free consent. Coercion- definition, essential elements, duress and coercion Various illustrations of coercion, doctrine of economic duress, effect of coercion, Undue Influence- definition, essential elements, parties between whom such influence in presumed, where liability to prove the existence of undue influence, who is to prove it?, Illustrations of undue influence, independent advice, Pardahanashin women, unconscionable bargains, effect of undue influence, misrepresentation- definition, misrepresentation of law and of fact, their effects and illustration, Fraud- definition, essential elements- suggestions falsi-suppresio veri, when does silence amounts to fraud?, Active- concealment, importance of intention. Mistake- definition, kinds, fundamental error, mistake of law and of fact, their effects when does a mistake vitiate free consent and when does it not vitiate free consent? UNIT-III Legality of objects: Void and voidable agreements- void, voidable, illegal and unlawful agreements and their effects, Lawful and unlawful considerations and objects, Forbidden by law, Defeating the provision of any law, Fraudulent, Injurious to person of property, Immoral, Against public policy, Void Agreements- Agreements without consideration, Agreements in restraint of marriage, Agreements in restraint of trade, its exceptions- sale of goodwill, section 11 restrictions, exceptions under the partnership Act, trade combinations, exclusive dealing agreements, restraints on employees under agreements of service, Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings- its exceptions, Uncertain agreements, Wagering agreement- its exception. Discharge of a contract and its various modes. By performance- conditions of valid tender of performance How?, By whom? Where? When? In what manner? Performance of reciprocal promises, time as essence of contract, By breach- anticipatory breach and present breach, Impossibility of performance- Specific grounds of frustration- application to leases, theories of frustration, effect of frustration, frustration and restitution, By period of limitation, By agreement- rescission and alteration, their effect, remission and waiver of performance, extension of time- accord and satisfaction.

UNIT-IV Quasi-contracts or certain relations resembling those created by contract. Remedies in contractual relations; Damages- kinds, remoteness of damages, ascertainment of damages, Injunction- when granted and when refused, Why?, Refund and restitution, Specific performance- When?, Why? Government as a Contracting Party; Constitutional provisions- government power to contract- procedural requirements. Standard Form Contracts;

Nature, advantages- unilateral character, principles of protection against the possibility of exploitation, judicial approach to such contracts, exemption clauses, clash between two standard form contracts, Law Commission of India‘s views. UNIT-V Consumer protection Act- 1986. Leading Cases- 1- Carlil V/s Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (1883) I.Q.B. 256. 2- Bhagwan Das V/s Girdhari Lal & Company, AIR 1966 S.C. 543. 3- Lalman Shukla V/s Gauri Dutt All. IJ (1913) 409. 4- Mohri Bibi V/s Dharmodas Ghose (1903) I.A. 172. 5- Indian Medical Association V/s V.P. Shantha, AIR 1996 SC 500. 6- J.J. Merchant V/s Shrinath Chaturvedi, AIR 2002 SC 2931.

PAPER-V CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I UNIT-I Introductory Making of Indian Constitution., Short Title, commencement of the constitution, authoratative text in the Hindi language, Nature and special features of the Indian Constitution. Challenges to Indian Federalism, Preamble, The Union & its territory Citizenship and state. Fundamental Rights - Concept of Fundamental Rights. Constitutional provisions relating to Fundamental rights. Articles 12 Definition of State, Article 13, Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Right, Doctrine of Eclipse, Doctrine of waiver, Doctrine of severability. Article 14 to 18 Right to Equality. UNIT-II Fundamental Rights: Right to freedom Article 19-22, Right against exploitation Article 23, 24, Right to freedom of Religion Article 25-28, Cultural and Educational Rights Art 29, 30, Right to Constitutional Remedy; The Union Executive The President Election, qualifications, salary and impeachment, power: Legislative, Executive and dictionary power Constitutional provision and Vice-President of India, Council of Ministers. Prime Minister- Cabinet system- Collective responsibility, Coalition Government. UNIT-III The Union Legislature Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, Legislative process privileges of the parliament & state legislature, legislative privileges and fundamental rights. Judiciary under the Indian Constitution: Judicial independence The Union and State Judiciary- The Supreme Court and High Courts. UNIT-IV Services under the constitution- Doctrine of Pleasure (Article 310), Protection against arbitrary dismissal, removal or reduction in rank (Article 311) and exceptions to Article 311., Public Service Commission of the Union and the states. UNIT-V Emergency- Meaning and scope., National, State and Financial emergency. Proclamation of Emergency- conditions, effect of emergency on centre- state relations. Emergency and suspension of fundamental rights. Leading Cases- 1- Keshvanand Bharti V/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 S.C. 1461 2- Maneka Gandhi V/s Union of India, AIR 1978 S.C. 597 3- Indra Sawhney V/s Union of India, AIR 1993, S.C. 477. 4- S.R. Bommai V/s Union of India, AIR 1994, S.C. 1918. 5- Vishaka V/s State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997, S.C. 3014.

PAPER- VI GENERAL ENGLISH B. Grammar  Determiner  Tenses and Concord  Auxiliaries  Prepositions  Basic Sentence Patterns B. Transformations  Active to Passive Voice  Simple to Compound / Complex  Declarative into Negative/ Interrogative  Direct to Indirect Speech C.Comprehension  Comprehension of an Unseen Passage  Comprehension (from the following Texts): Comprehension based Questions will be asked from Prose, Short Stories, One Act Play and Poetry Prose  A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: The Power of Prayer  Martin Luther King: I have a Dream  Albert Einstein: The World as I see it Short Stories  Leo Tolstoy: The Three Questions  Ruskin Bond: A Face in the Darkness One Act Play  Cedric Mount: The Never Never Nest Poetry  R.N. Tagore : Heaven of Freedom  John Donne : Death be not Proud  Swami Vivekanand : Kali the Mother Prescribed Textbook:  Impressions: An Approach to English ed. By Kamlesh S. Bhatt (Trinity) D. Written Composition  Precis Writing  Paragraph Writing  Letter Writing(Formal and Informal)  Report Writing

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Semester- II

PAPER- II TAXATION AND AUDITING (A.B.S.T) Unit - I CGST/SGST: Important term and definitions under central goods and service Tax Act, 2017 and state goods and service Tax Act, 2017. Basic of GST, meaning and scope of supply, levy and collection of tax. Unit - II CGST/SGST: Time and value of supply of goods and /or service. Input Tax credit, transitional provisions. Registration under CGST/SGST Act, filling of returns and assessment, payment of tax including payment of tax on reverse charge basis. Refund under the Act. Unit - III CGST/SGST: Maintenance of Account and Records. Composition Scheme, Job work and its procedure, Various Exemptions under GST, Demand and recovery under GST, Miscellaneous provisions under GST. Unit - IV IGST: Scope of integrated goods and service tax (IGST), important term and definitions under IGST Act, 2017, levy and collection of IGST, principles for determining the place of supply of goods and services zero rated supply. Unit – V Auditing : Meaning and objectives of auditing, importance and limitations of auditing. Internal control, vouching, verification of assets and laitalabail, company audit.

UNIT-III Union and State Relationship- Legislative relationship, Administrative relationship. Financial relationship. Subordinate Judiciary Judges: appointment, removal, transfer and condition of services, Judicial review- nature and scope. UNIT-IV State liability in contracts and Torts. Suits by and against the state. Property Rights (Article 300-A) Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse. UNIT-V The Amendment of the Constitution- Necessity of Amending provisions in the Constitution, ; Procedure for Amendment. Amendments of fundamental rights. Judicial review of amendment and the theory of Basic Structure. Temporary provision with respect of the state of J&K. Leading Cases- 1- Keshvanand Bharti V/s State of Kerala, AIR 1973 S.C. 1461 2- Maneka Gandhi V/s Union of India, AIR 1978 S.C. 597 3- Indra Sawhney V/s Union of India, AIR 1993, S.C. 477. 4- S.R. Bommai V/s Union of India, AIR 1994, S.C. 1918. 5- Vishaka V/s State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997, S.C. 3014.

PAPER- V ECONOMY OF RAJASTHAN(ECONOMICS) UNIT I Position of Rajasthan in Indian economy: Population, Area, Agriculture, Industry and Infrastructure, Population size and growth. District-wise distribution of rural and urban population, occupational structure and human resources development (Literacy, health and nutrition indicators), Problem of poverty and unemployment. UNIT II Natural resource endowments; land, water, livestock, forests and minerals; state domestic products and its trends. Environmental pollution and the problems of sustainable development UNIT-III Agriculture land utilization, Major crops and cropping pattern. Land Reforms, Rajasthan Tenency Act, ceiling on land and distribution of land, Animal husbandry; Importance of livestock, dairy development programme, Problems of sheep and goat husbandry. Irrigation and power infrastructure in the state. UNIT - IV Industrial development in the state during Five Year Plans. Regional variation in industrial development, small scale industries and handicrafts. Industrial policy, role of RFC, RSMDC and RIICO in the industrial development of Rajasthan. UNIT-V Tourism development in Rajasthan. Special Area Programmes DPAP, Desert Development, Tribal Area Development and Aravallies development, IRDP Planning in the state; Objectives and achievements. Constraints in the economic development of Rajasthan

PAPER – V BUSINESS LAWS (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT) Unit – I:Law of Contract (1872): Nature of Contract, Classification, Offer and Acceptance, Capacity of Parties to Contract, Free Consent, Consideration, Legality of Object. Unit – II: Performance of contract, Discharge of contract, Remedies for breach of contract. Agreement Declared Void. Unit – III: Special Contracts: Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Pledge, Agency Unit – IV:LLP Act, 2008 and Sale of Goods Act, 1930 Unit – V:Consumer Protection Act 1986, Information Technology Act, 2000 ***

Semester- III

PAPPR-I LAW OF TORTS AND MOTOR VEHICLE ACT UNIT-I Evolution of Law of Torts England- forms of action- specific remedies from case to case, India- Principles of justice equity and good conscience- uncodified character, advantages and disadvantages. Definition, Nature, Scope and Objects A wrongful act- violation of duty imposed by law, duty which is owed to people generally (in rem), damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum, Tort distinguished from crime, breach of contract and Quasi Contract, The concept of unliquidated damages, Changing scope of law of torts : expanding character of duties owned to people generally due to complexities of modern society, Objects- prescribing standards of human conduct, redressal of wrongs by payment of compensation, prescribing unlawful conduct by injunction. Principles of Liability in Torts Fault, Wrongful intent, negligence, Liability without fault, Violation of ethical codes, Statutory liability, Place of motive in torts. UNIT-II Justification in Tort Volenti non fit injuria, Necessity, private and public, Plaintiff‘s default, Act of God, Inevitable accident, Private defence, Statutory authority, Judicial and quasi-judicial acts, Parental and quasi-parental authority. Extinguishment of liability in certain situations Actio personalis moritur cum persona- exceptions, Waiver and acquiescence, Release, Accord and satisfaction, Limitation. Standing Who may sue-aggrieved individual- class action- social action group, Statutes granting standing to certain persons or groups, Who may not be sued? Doctrine of sovereign immunity and its relevance in India Vicarious Liability Basic, scope and justification, Express authorization, Ratification, Abetment, Special relationships : Master and servant- arising out of and in the course of employment – who is master? – the control test, who is servant? – borrowed servant, independent contractor and servant, distinguished- Principal and agent, Corporation and principal officer. Absolute/Strict liability The rule in Rylands v. Fletcher, Liability for harm caused by inherently dangerous industries. UNIT-III Torts against persons and personal relations Assault, battery, mayhem, False imprisonment, Defamation- libel, slander including law relating to privileges, Marital relations, domestic relations, parental relations, master and servant relations, Malicious prosecution, Shortened expectation of life, Nervous shock. Wrongs affecting property Trespass to land, trespass ab initio, dispossession, movable property- trespass to goods, detinue, conversion, Torts against business interests- injurious false hood, misstatements, passing off. UNIT-IV Negligence Basic concepts, Theories of negligence, Standards of care, duty to take care, carelessness, inadvertence, Doctrine of contributory negligence, Res ipsa loquitor and its importance in contemporary law, Liability due to negligence : different professionals, Liability of common carriers for negligence. Nuisance

Definition, essentials and types, Acts which constitute nuisance obstructions of highway, pollution of air, water, noise and interference with light and air. UNIT-V Legal remedies Legal remedies, Award of damages – simple, special, punitive, Remot- eness of damage – foresee ability and directness, Injunction, Specific restriction of property, Extra-legal remedies – self help, re-entry on land, re-caption of goods, distress damage feasant and abetment of nuisance. Motor vehicle Act 1988 as amended up to date and rules under the Act. Leading Cases- 1- Ushaben V/s Bhagya Laxmi Chitra Mandir. AIR 1970, GUJ. 18. 2- Municipal corpn. Of Delhi V/s Subhagwanti AIR 1966 S.C. page 1750.0 3- Rylands V/s Fletcher (1869) IR HT 330. 4- Union Carbide Corporation V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 248. 5- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965.

PAPER-II FAMILY LAW- I (HINDU LAW) UNIT-I Introduction- Sources, Schools and application, Religious and Charitable Endowment- Essentials of an Endowment, Kinds, Shebait and Mahant. Joint Family- Mitakshara joint family, Mitakshara coparcenery- formation and incidents, Property under Mitakshara law- separate property and coparcenary property, Dayabhaga coparcenary- formation and incidents, property, under Dayabhaga law, Karta of the joint family- his position, powers, privileges and obligations, Alienation of property- separate and coparcenary, Debts- doctrines of pious obligations and antecedent debt, Partition and re-union, Joint Hindu family as a social security institution and impact of Hindu Gains of Learning Act and various tax laws on it, Matrilineal joint family. UNIT-II Customary practices and State regulation Conditions of Hindu Marriage, Its ceremonies and Registrations, Void and Voidable marriage, Polygamy, Concubinage, Child marriage, Sati, Dowry. Conversion and its effect on family Marriage, Adoption, Guardianship, Succession. Matrimonial Remedies Non-judicial resolution of marital conflicts- (a) Customary dissolution of marriage- unilateral divorce, divorce by mutual consent and other modes of dissolution, judicial resolution of maritil conflicts: the family court, Nullity of marriage, Option of puberty, Restitution of conjugal rights, judicial separation, Desertion: a ground for matrimonial relief, Cruelty : a ground for matrimonial relief, Adultery : a ground for matrimonial relief, Other grounds for matrimonial relief, Divorce by mutual consent under : Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 : Bar to matrimonial relief : Doctrine of strict proof, Taking advantage of one‘s own wrong or disability, Accessory, Connivance, Collusion, Condonation, Improper or unnecessary delay, Residuary clause- no other legal ground exists for refusing the matrimonial relief. UNIT-III Inheritance Historical perspective of traditional Hindu law as a background to the study of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of a Hindu male dying intestate under the provisions of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Devolution of interest in Mitakshara coparcenary with reference to the provisions of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Succession to property of Hindu Succession Act, 1956, Disqualification relating to succession, General rules of succession. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 : Succession to the property of a Hindu male, Succession to interest in coparcenary property, property of a Hindu female, Succession to the property of a Hindu female, General rules and disqualifications of succession, Escheat.

UNIT-IV Alimony and maintenance Maintenance of neglected wives, divorced wives, minor children, disabled children, and parents who are unable to support themselves; provisions under the code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Alimony and maintence as an independent remedy: a review under personal law, need for reforming the law, Alimony and maintenance as an ancillary relief. Child and the Family Legitimacy, Adoption, Custody, maintenance and education, Guardianship and parental rights- welfare of the child principle. The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956: Requisites of valid adoption, Capacity to take in adoption, capacity to give ‗in‘ adoption, persons who may be adopted, other conditions for a valid adoption. Effects of adoption, Miscellaneous provision of adoption. Maintenance of wife, children and parents, Maintenance of widowed daughter-in law, Dependents and their maintenance. Amount of maintenance, Miscellaneous provisions of maintenance. UNIT-V The Hindu minority and Guardianship Act, 1956: Natural guardians and Their powers, Testamentary guardians and their powers, de facto guardian general provisions of guardianship. Partition: Meaning, property for partition, persons entitled to claim partition and allotment of shares, partition how effected, Determination of Share, Reopening of partition. Re-union, Debts- Doctrine of pious obligation antecedent Debts. Family and its changing patterns New emerging trends, Attenuation of family ties, Working women and their impact on spousal relationship: composition of family, status and role of women, New property concepts, such as skill and job as new forms of property, Factors affecting the family: demographic, environmental, religious and legislative processes of social change in India: Sanskritization, westernization, secularization, universalization, parochialization, modernization, industrialization and urbanization. Settlement of spousal property Need for development of law Establishment of Family Courts Constitution, power and functions, Administration of gender justice. Uniform Civil code- need for Religious pluralism and its implications, Connotations of the directive contained in Article 44 of the Constitution, Impediments to the formulation of the Uniform Civil Code, The idea of Optional Uniform Civil Code. Leading Cases- 1- Shastri Yagna Purushdasji V/s Muldas, AIR 1966 S.C. 1153. 2- Hanooman Prasad V/s Mussamat Babooee Mandraj Kunwaree (1856) 6 M.I.A. 305 3- Gita Hariharan V/s Reserve Bank of India, AIR 1999 S.C. 1149. 4- Bipin Chander V/s Prabhavati, AIR 1957 S.C. 176. 5- Dr. N.G. Dastane V/s Sucheta Dastane, AIR 1975 S.C. 1534.

PAPER- III FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING (A.B.S.T) Unit- I History and development of Accounting in India since Kautilya. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Conventions and Concepts. General introduction of Accounting Standards. Insurance Claims, Voyage Accounts. Unit - II

Issue of Shares, forfeiture and re-issue of forfeited shares. Buyback of shares, D-mat of Shares, Employees Stock Option Scheme and Guide Lines of SEBI, issue of debentures and their redemption, redemption of preference shares. Unit - III Insolvency Accounts, Royalty Accounts Unit – IV Prof. C.S. Dotasara, Convener, B.O.S. ABST Sectional balancing and Self balancing ledgers, Accounting for investments and excluding stock market transactions. Unit - V Departmental accounts and Branch accounts (including foreign branches)

PAPER- V COMPANY LAW (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT) Unit- I Corporate personality; Kinds of companies, Promotion and incorporation of companies. Memorandum of association; Articles of association. Unit- II Prospectus, Shares, Share capital; Members; Share transfer and transmission, Capital management: borrowing powers, mortgages and charges, debentures Unit- III Directors: Managing director, Whole time director, prevention of operation and mismanagement. Winding up: Kinds and conduct. Unit- IV Company Secretary: Definition, Importance, Position, Qualifications, Appointment, Removal, Powers, Duties, Liabilities and Role. Company Secretary in Practice, Areas of practice and certificate of Practice (CoP) Unit- V Company meetings: Kind, quorum, voting, resolutions, minutes; Majority powers and minority rights. Corporate Social Responsibility.

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Semester- IV

PAPER- II LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF INDIA UNIT-I Judicial Systems in Ancient India- Judicial system in ancient India: Hindu Period, Ancient Hindu social order and religions philosophy, Administration of justice, Judicial system in medieval India: Muslim Period, The Mughal period: Judicial system. Administration of Justice in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta- Emergence of the East India company : development of authority under charters, Trading body to a territorial power : subsequent charters, Administration of justice in Madras from 1639 to 1726, Administration of justice in Bombay 1668- 1726, Administration of justice in Calcutta 1619- 1726. The Mayors Court- Genesis of the Charter of 1726, Provisions of the charter, Working in judicial system, Charter of 1753, Defects of judicial systems. UNIT-II Adalat system- Grant of Diwani, Execution of Diwani Functions, judicial plan of 1772, Defects of the plan, New plan of 1774, Reorganization of adalats in 1780, Reforms of 1781, The first civil code, Reforms in the administrations of criminal justice. The Regulating Act 1773- Charter of 1774 and the Supreme Court of Calcutta, Some land mark cases: Issue of Raja Nandkumar (1775): whether a judicial murder?, The Patna cases (1777-79), The Cossijurah case (1779-80), Act of settlement 1781, Major defects, Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay, Law and administration in the Supreme Court. Judicial Reforms- Judicial reforms of Cornwallis, Problems of judicial reforms 1793 1833, Impact of reforms by Cornwallis 1793, Reforms of Sir John Shore (1793) Reforms of Lord Wellesley (1798), Reforms of Lord Cornwallis (1805), Reforms of Lord Minto (1807), Lord Hastings administration of justice (1813), Judicial reforms of Lord Bentick (1828), Defects of the systems. UNIT-III Establishment of the High Courts The Indian High Courts Act 1861, Charter of Calcutta High Court, Allahabad High Court, The Indian High Courts Act 1911, The Government of India Act, 1915: other High courts, Jurisdiction of high courts, Posts constitutional developments.Growth of Criminal Law.Growth of personal law of Hindus and Muslims. Charter Act 1833. Growth of Justice, equity and good conscience. UNIT-IV The Indian Councils Act 1909, The Government of India Act 1919. UNIT-V The Federal Court of India- Foundation of the Federal Court, Jurisdiction, Authority of law, Expansion of jurisdiction, Abolition of the Federal Court, An assessment. Privy Council- Jurisdiction, Appeals from India, A unique institution. The Supreme Court of India- Origin, Constitution, Jurisdiction and powers, Doctrine of precedents and the Supreme Court, Recent Changes. Influence of English law in India. Prerogative writs in India. Racial discrimination. The Simon Commission and developments up to 1935, The Government of India Act 1935, The Cripps Mission, The Cabinet Mission, The Indian Independence Act 1947. Leading Cases- 1- Raja Nand Kumar Case. 2- The Cossijurah Case. 3- The Patna Case. 4- Kamaluddeen Case.

PAPER- IV PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT)

Unit I Introduction : Nature and scope of marketing; importance of marketing; Marketing concepts– traditional and modern; selling vs marketing; marketing mix. Unit II Marketing environment; Consumer behaviour and market segmentation: Nature, scope and significance of consumer behaviour; Market segmentation concept and importance; bases for market segmentation. Unit III Product : Concept of product, consumer and industrial goods; product planning and development; packaging-role and functions, brand and trade mark; product life cycle concept. Unit IV Price : Importance of price in the marketing mix; factors affecting price of a product/service; discounts and rebates. Distribution channels and physical distributions; Distribution channel : concept and role; types of distribution channels; factors affecting choice of a distribution channel; Retailer and wholesaler; physical distribution of goods; transportation; warehousing; inventory control; order processing. Unit V Promotion: methods of promotion; optimum promotion mix; advertising media: their relative merits and limitations; characteristics of an effective advertisement; - 10 - personnel selling; selling as a career; qualities of a successful sales person; functions of salesman

PAPER- V BUSINESS STATISTICS (A.B.S.T.) Unit - I Meaning and definition of Statistics. Functions, importance. Limitations and Distrust of Statistics. Statistical investigation- Meaning, types and various stages of statistical investigation. Objectives & Methods of sampling Essentials of Sampling, Sampling and Non sampling error. Size of sample. Collection, editing, classification and tabulation of data. Methods of collection of primary and secondary data. Schedule & questionnaire. Editing of data. Meaning & definitions of classification, characteristics of classification,objectives and types of classification, statistical series. Unit - II Meaning and definition of Tabulation- objectives, importance & limitations of tabulation, difference between classification & tabulation, essentials of a good table. Kinds of table. Measures of central tendency, meaning and definition of central tendency, utility & importance, determination of statistical averages, essential properties of an ideal average. Types of statistical averages. Arithmetic Mean (Simple and Weighted), Median (including Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles), Mode, Prof. C.S. Dotasara, Convener, B.O.S. ABST Geometric Mean, Harmonic Mean (Simple & Weighted), Death Rates. Choice of suitable average, limitations of averages. Unit - III Measures of Dispersion & Skewness : Meaning & definition of Dispersion- Objectives and importance of measuring dispersion, absolute & relative measures of dispersion, essential characteristics of a good measure of dispersion, inter-relationship between different measures of dispersion, Lorenz curve, Selection of an appropriate measure of dispersion. Skewness, Meaning, Test of Skewness, Measures of Skewnees, Methods of measuring Skewness, difference between dispersion and Skewness. Unit – IV Correlation and Regression : Meaning & definition of Correlation- types of correlation, methods of determining correlation, measurement of correlation in time series, lag and lead in correlation. Regression analysis : concept, meaning, Utility, types, difference between correlation & regression, linear correlation & regression analysis, standard error of estimates, methods of computing regression lines, conceptual framework & their application in business. Unit - V Index Number: concept, utility, methods, simple and weighted average of relatives and aggregative index numbers. Analysis of Time Series: theories of time series, decomposition of time series, analysis of trend (excluding seasonal variations), application of time series in business. ***

Semester- V

PAPER-I ENVIRONMENTAL LAW UNIT-I Concept of Environment and Pollution- Meaning and contents of environment, Meaning and contents of pollution, Kinds of pollution, Effects of pollution. Legal Control : Historical Perspective- Indian tradition : Dharma of environment, British Raj- Industrial development and exploitation of nature Nuisance- Penal code and procedural codes Environmental concerns in Modern India. UNIT-II Constitutional Protection to environment- Constitution making- development and property oriented approach Fundamental Rights and Environment- Right to clean and healthy environment, environment V/s development. Directive principles of state policy and environment Fundamental Duties and environment. Other provisions of the constitution relevant to environment Emerging Principles- Polluter pays, precautionary principle, public trust doctrine, sustainable development, Public Interest Litigation Judicial Activism Pertaining to Environmental Pollution. UNIT-III The Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1974- Application of the Act, Definitions Constitution of central, state and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualification and disqualification of the members Prevention and control of water pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981- Application of the act, Definitions Constitutions of central, State and joint boards Powers and functions of the Board, Qualifications and disqualifications of the members Prevention and control of Air pollution and procedure thereof, Funds, account and audit Penalties. UNIT-IV Environment Protection Act, 1986- Application of the Act, Definitions, General Powers of the central government including the powers to give directions Prevention and control of environmental pollution and procedure thereof Penalties. UNIT-V Noise Pollution- Meaning of Noise pollution, Sources of Noise pollution, Effects of Noise pollution, Legal Control. Forests and wild life protection The Indian Forests Act, 1927- Salient features of the Act, Applicability, Power to reserve forests, power to declare forests land, powers and functions of forest settlement officer, protected forests, penalties and contraventions. The forest (conservation) Act, 1980- Objectives, application and salient features of the Act, definitions, Restrictions on the de-reservation of forests, advisory committee, offences and penalties. Wild life (Protection) Act, 1972- Objectives, applicability and salient features of the Act, Authorities, Duties of wild life Advisory Board, Hunting of wild animals, sanctuaries, National Park, Closed areas, central Zoo authority, Trade or commerce in wild animals, Animal articles and trophies, Prevention and detection of offences, penalties. International Regime- Un declaration on right to development, Stockholm, Rio etc. conferences. Green House effect and Ozone depletion Bio- diversity. Leading Cases- 1- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965 2- M.C. Mehta V/s Union of India, AIR 1988 SC 1115 3- Vellore citizen‘s welfare forum V/s Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2715 4- Tarun Bharat Sangh, Alwar V/s Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 514 5- A.P. Pollution control Board (II) V/s Prof. M.V. Nayudu, (2001) 2 SCC 62

PAPER-II PROPERTY LAW INCLUDING TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT AND EASEMENT ACT UNIT-I Jurisprudential control of property: Concept, meanding and kinds of property, Movable and immovable, tangible and intangible property, Intellectual property: Copyright, patents, designs and trademarks. Preliminary: Definition, Essentials of Transfer, Competence of parties, subject matter of transfer, transfer to unborn child, registration of transfer, etc. General Rules of Transfer: (a) Restrains of alienation absolute or partial, Restrains of free enjoyment, Covenants affecting enjoyment, divesting on insolvency, perpetuities, Future estates, Doctrine of acceleration. Accumulation of income, exceptions, Covenants and Transfer, General Rules of Transfer, (b) Conditional transfer : Condition precedent, condition subsequent; vested and contingent interest. UNIT-II Election, Priority of rights, Notice, Implied transfers by limited owners, transfer of property out of which maintenance claims have to be met, ownership by holding out, ownership by estoppels, feeding the grant by estoppels, Doctrine of Part performance (Ss. 35-53A), Sale of immovable property (Ss 54 to 57). UNIT-III Mortgage and Charge: Kinds of mortgage, Rights and liabilities of Mortgagor and mortgagee, Priority, marshalling, contribution and subrogation. UNIT-IV Exchange, Lease, Gift, Actionable claim. UNIT-V Easements: Indian Easements Act, 1882, Nature, Characteristics, Creation, Essentials of Easements, Imposition, Acquisition, Incidents, Disturbance, Extinction, Suspension and Revival of Easement, Riparian Rights, License, Difference between lease and license. Leading Cases- 1- Smt. Shanta Bai Vs State of Bombay & others, AIR 1958 SC 532. 2- Rajender Vs Santa Singh, AIR 1973 SC 2537 3- Kreglinger Vs New Patagonia Meat and Cold Storage Comp. Ltd (1914) AC 25 4- Union of India Vs Sharda Mills Ltd, AIR 1973 SC 281 5- Nathu Lal Vs Phool Chand, AIR 1970 SC 546 6- Jumma Masjid Vs Deviah AIR 1962 SC 847

PAPER – III MONEY, BANKING AND PUBLIC FINANCE (ECONOMICS) UNIT-I Value of Money and Inflation Money-concept and Importance, quantity theory of money, cash transaction and cash balance approaches; The Keynesian approach, Inflation, deflation and reflation, definition, types. causes and effects of inflation on different sectors of the economy; Demand pull and cost-push inflation; Measures to control inflation, Philips curve, Determinants of money supply - High powered money and money multiplier. UNIT-II Commercial Banking Meaning types and Functions of commercial banks. The process of credit Creation. Evolution of commercial banking in India after independence. Recent reform in banking sector.

UNIT-III Central Banking Functions of a central bank; quantitative and qualitative methods of credit Control- Bank rate policy, Open market operations, Variable reserve ratio and Selective methods, Role and functions of the Reserve Bank of India. Objectives and limitations of monetary policy with special reference to India. UNIT-IV Nature and Scope of Public Finance Meaning and scope of public finance; Distinction between private and public finance; Public goods; The principle of maximum social advantage; Public Expenditure- Meaning, classification and principle of public expenditure; Canons and effects of public expenditure. UNIT-V Taxation and Public Debt Sources of public revenue; Taxation, canons and classification of taxes; Impact and incidence and shifting of taxes; Taxable capacity; Effects of taxation; Characteristics of a good tax system. Sources of public borrowing; Effects of public debt. Various concepts of budget deficits. PAPER – IV COST ACCOUNTING (A.B.S.T) Unit - I Introduction : Nature, objectives and significance of Cost Accounting. Various cost concepts. Ascertainment and control of cost. Difference between Cost, Financial and Management Accounting. Installation of costing system. Elements of cost. Techniques and methods of cost. Direct Material : Purchase & issue of materials, Economic order Quantity and determination of various levels of inventory. Methods of pricing the issuing of material. Selective inventory control techniques – A.B.C. Analysis. Direct Labour : Direct labour cost and its control. Time keeping and time booking. Methods of wage payment. Individual & group bonus plans. Unit – II Overhead – Meaning of overhead. Apportionment and absorption of overhead. Treatment and dispositions of Under and over recovery. Control of administration, selling & Distribution Overheads. Unit costing. Unit – III Contract Costing. Process Costing (Excluding valuation of works- in-progress) Unit – IV Standard Costing : Concepts, Significance and limitations. Analysis of variances (Material and labour variances only) Budgeting and Budgetary control : Meaning objectives and limitations. Preparation of Functional budgets. Sales Budget. Production Budget. Material requirement & Cost budget, Preparation of cash budget. Unit – V Marginal costing and BEP Analysis (Excluding Managerial Decisions). Operating Costing.

PAPER- V INSURANCE (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT) Unit-I Meaning, function types, origin and development of Insurance; Role of Insurance in the Indian Economy. Basic principles of Insurance. Insurance as a risk control device and risks classification; re-insurance and double Insurance. Unit-II Basic elements of Life Insurance: Life Insurance contract. Procedure of Life Insurance (from proposal to policy, life policy conditions, renewals, loans, surrendering, nomination and transfer etc.). Life Insurance premium calculation and mortality tables. Unit-III Some important plans of assurance – Endowment, whole Life non-medical policies, group insurance and salary saving scheme. Settlement of claims under assurance.

100

Unit-IV Type of general Insurance: (i) Fire Insurance: Scope, types of policies, Premium fixation, standard fire insurance policy, claims settlement procedure. (ii) Marine Insurance-Scope, Types of policies implied warranties, Standard Marine Policy, Claim Settlement Procedure. (iii) Other kinds of Insurance; Burglary, accident Crop & live stock insurance. (only elementary knowledge is required) Unit-V Organisational structure of L.I.C., L.I.C. Agents. Privatisation of Life insurance in india.

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101

Semester- VI

102

PAPER-III INDUSTRIAL LAW (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT)

Unit-I: The Factories Act, 1948 Unit-II: The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 The Payment of Wages Act, 1936 Unit-III: Employees state Insurance Act, 1926 The Payment of Bonus Act The Employees provident funds Unit-IV: The workmen's compensation Act, 1923 The minimum wages Act Family pension fund Act. Unit-V: The Indian Trade Union Act, 1926 Payment of gratuity Act, 1972

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PAPER- V TAXATION-INCOME TAX LAW & ACCOUNTS(A.B.S.T.) Unit - I Introduction and definitions, Residential Status and incidence of tax, computation of taxable income under the head salary. Unit - II Computation of taxable income under the heads : income from house property, income from business or profession. Unit - III Computation of income from capital gains, Income from other sources, Aggregation and clubbing of income, set off and carry forward of losses, Exempted incomes. Unit - IV Deductions from Gross Total income, Computation of total income and tax liability of individuals, Computation of total income and tax liability of Hindu Undivided family. Unit - V Computation of total income and tax liability of partnership firms assessed as such and assessed as Association of Persons. Provisions regarding deduction of tax at source and Advance payment of tax. Assessment procedure.

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Semester- VII

PAPER-II LAW OF CRIMES UNIT-I General Introduction- Concept of crime: Its definition, nature and scope. Distinction between crime and other wrongs. Applicability of IPC: Intra and Extra territorial operation. Salient features of the IPC, general explanations. Elements of criminal liability: Mental elements in crime- mensrea (evil intention), its importance and exceptions. (Trends to fix liability without mensrea). State‘s power to determine acts or omissions as crime.

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UNIT-IV Latin maxims: Meaning and use in sentences; Comprehension of legal texts; précis writing LIST OF LATIN MAXIMS: 1. Ab initio (from the beginning) 2. Actio personalis moritur cum persona (Personal actions die with the death of person). 3. Actus Curae neminem gravabit (an act of the court shall prejudice no one). 4. Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea (the act itself Does not constitute guilt unless done with a guilty intent). 5. Actus reus (wrongful act). 6. Ad interim (in the meantime) 7. Ad litem (for the suit). 8. Ad valorum (according to the value). 9. Alibi (Plea of being elsewhere) 10. Amicus curaie (friend of the court) 11. Animus (Intention) 12. Audi alterem partem (hear the other side). 13. Caveat emptor (buyer beware). 14. Consensus ad idem (agreement by two persons upon the same thing in the same sense). 15. Damnum sine injuria (damage without injury). 16. De facto (in fact). 17. De jure (in law). 18. De minimis non curat lex (the law takes no account of trifling matters). 19. Decree nisi (a decree which takes effect after a specified period). 20. Delegatus non potest delegare (a delegated power can not be further delegated). 21. Doli incapax (incapable in malice). 22. Donatio mortis causa (gift by a person on the death bed). 23. Ejusdem generis (of the same category). 24. Eminent domain (the supreme right). 25. Ex-officio (by virtue of an office).

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26. Ex-parte (not in the presence of the opposite party). 27. Ex-post-facto (by subsequent act). 28. Factum valet (the fact which cannot be altered). 29. Fait accompli (an accomplished fact). 30. Ignorentia legis neminem excuset (ignorance of law is no excuse). 31. In pari materia (in an analogous case, cause or position). 32. Injuria sine damno (injury without damage) 33. Interest republicae ut sit finis litium (it is in the interest of the republic that there should be an end of law suit). 34. Intra-vires (within the powers) 35. Jus tertii (The right of a third party) 36. Lis pendens (pending suit) 37. Mens rea (a guilty mind) 38. Mesne profits (the profits received bya person on wrongful possession). 39. Nemo det quod non habet (no man can't transfer better title than he has himself). 40. Nemo det bis vexari pro et idem causa (no man be twice vexed for the same cause). 41. Nemo in propria causa judex esse debet (no one ought to be a judge in his own case) 42. Nolle prosequi (to be unwilling to prosecute). 43. Obiter dicta (an opinion of law not necessary to the decision) 44. Onus probandi (the burden of proof) 45. Pacta sunt servanda (pact must be respected) 46. Pendente lite (during litigation) 47. Per Capita (per head) 48. Per incuriam (through inadvertence or carelessness). 49. Per stripes (by stocks) 50. Plenum dominium (full stocks) 51. Pro bono publico (for the public good) 52. Ratio decidendi (grounds for decision, principles of the case). 53. Res geste (connected facts forming the part of the same transaction). 54. Res ipsa loquitur (the thing speaks for itself) 55. Res judicata (a matter already adjudicated upon). 56. Res nullius (an ownerless thing) 57. Rule nisi (a rule or order upon condition that is to become absolute when cause is shown to the contrary). 58. Status quo (existing position) 59. Sub judice (in course of adjudication). 60. Sui juris (one's own right). 61. Suo motu (of ones own accord) 62. Ubi jus ibi remedium (where there is a right, there is a remedy). 63. Ultra vires (beyond the powers of). 64. Volenti non fit unjuria (Risk taken voluntarily is not actionable). UNIT-V Writing of legal drafts letters and applications; Essay writing on topics of legal interest; Translation from Hindi to English and English to Hindi. Note : Except in a question relating to translation from English to Hindi; answers to Questions asked in unit 3, 4 & 5th are to be given in English. Select Bibliography: 1. Galnville William : Learning the Law. 2. Wren & Martin : English Grammar. 3. Ganga Sahai Sharma : Fundamental of Legal Writing. 4. Hindi-English Legal glossary : Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Ministry of Law, Government of India, New Delhi.

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5. David Green : Contemporary English Grammar, structure and composition. 6. Ishtiaque Abidi : Law and Language. 7. Law Lexicon & Legal Maxims by Venketaramanaija. Leading Cases : 1. Heydon's Case (1584) 3 Co Rep. 7a p. 76: ER 637 2. Bengal Immunity Company v. State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 661. 61 3. Alamgir V. State of Bihar, AIR 1959 SC 436. 4. Inder Singh V. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1957 SC 510. Select Bibliography: 1. Maxwell - The interpretation of Statutes. 2. Crawford - Statutory constitution. 3. Craies - Statute Law. 4. Swarup - Interpretation of Statutes. 5. Bindra - Interpretation of Statutes. 6. Sarathi - Interpretation of Statutes. 7. Bhattacharya, T., - Interpretation of Statutes (English & Hindi) 8. Radha Gupta- Interpretation of Statutes (Hindi)

PAPER-V ADMINISTRATIVE LAW UNIT-I Evolution, nature and scope of Administrative Law- from a laissez faire to a social welfare state, evolution of administration as the fourth branch of government, conseil‘detate, definition and scope of Administrative Law, relationship between Constitutional Law and Administrative Law, seperation of powers and rule of law. Civil services in India- Nature and organization of civil services: from colonial relics to democratic aspiration, powers and functions, accountability and responsiveness: problems and perspective, administrative deviance- corruption, nepotism and mal-administration. UNIT-II Legislative powers of administration- Necessity for delegation of legislative power, constitutionality of delegated legislation- powers of exclusion, inclusion and power to modify statute, requirement for the validity of delegated legislation. Legislative and judicial control of delegated legislation, sub-delegation of legislative powers, publications of delegated legislation, administrative directions, circulars and policy statements. UNIT-III Judicial powers of administration- (i) Need for devolution of adjudicatory authority on administration. Administrative tribunals- need, nature, constitution, jurisdiction and procedure. Distinction between quasi-judicial and adminstrative functions. (ii) Principles of natural justice- the right to hearing- essential of hearing process, no man shall be judge in his own cause, no man shall be condemned unheard, reasoned decisions, the right to counsel. UNIT-IV Judicial control of administrative action: grounds- jurisdictional error, ultravires, abuse and non exercise of jurisdiction, error apparent on the face of record, violation of principles of natural justice, violation of public policy, unreasonableness and legitimate expectation. Remedies in judicial review, writs, declaratory judgments and injuntions, specific performance and civil suits for compensation. Administrative discretion- Need for administrative discretion, administrative discretion and rule of law, limitations on exercise of discretion- malafide exercise of discretion, constitutional imperative and use of discretionary authority. UNIT-V

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SEMESTER- VIII

PAPER-IV HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND PRATICE UNIT- I Human Rights: Concept F. Human Rights Meaning and Nature G. Human Rights in Indian Tradition: Ancient, Medieval and Modern H. Human Rights in Western Tradition I. Development of Natural Rights J. Human Rights in international Law and National Law UNIT- II Classification of Human Rights- First Second and Third Generations: Historical Development UNIT-III Human Rights Under International Law D. Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948) E. Convenant of Political and Civil Rights (1966) F. Convenat of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights(1966) UNIT- IV Role of Regional Organizations D. European Convention of Human Rights E. American Convention of Human Rights F. African Convention of Human Rights UNIT- V Enforcement of Human Rights in Indian Perspective I. Role of Supreme Court J. Role of High Court K. Role of National Human Rights Commission L. Role of State Human Rights Commission

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Paper- IV Public International Law And Human Rights UNIT-I Definition, Historical developments, Nature and Basis of International Law, is International Law a true Law? Weaknesses of International Law Codification and development of International Law, Relation between International Law and State Law, Sources of International Law, Subjects of International Law, Place of individual in International Law, Nationality, Extradition and Asylum. UNIT-II States in general, Kinds of States and Non-state entities, Acquisition and loss of State Territory, Territorial water, Continental Self, Contiguous Zone and exclusive economic zone, Freedom of the High Sea and Piracy Recognition of States and Governments, Recognition of Insurgency and belligerency, de facto and de jure recognition, State succession, state jurisdiction, state Responsibility, Intervention. UNIT-III Diplomatic agents, Counsels. Classification and Functions of diplomatic agents, Privileges and Immunities of diplomatic agents with reference to Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relation, 1961. Treaties: Definition, Basis, classification and formation of treaties. Interpretation and revision of treaties,

114 principles of jus cogens and pacta sunt survenda, termination of treaties. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Pacific and compulsive means of settlement of international disputes. International Institution: League of Nations, United Nations. History and formation of United Nations, Organs of United Nations with specific reference to General Assembly, Security Council and International Court of Justice, New International Economic Order and Disarmament. Secretariat, International Criminal Court. UNIT-IV War : Its legal character and effects, Enemy character, Armed conflicts and other hostile relations, beligerent Occupation, War Crimes, termination of war and doctrine of postliminium, Prize courts, Genocide. The law of Neutrality- Basis of neutrality, Rights and duties of neutral state and belligerent states. Quasi neutrality and U.N. Charter. Right of Angary, Contraband, Blockade, unneutral service, Right of visit and search. UNIT-V Human Rights: Introduction, Meaning, Definition & Brief History. The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, National Human Rights Commission, Human Rights Commission of Rajasthan, Role of Judiciary in Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 and covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, 1966. Leading Cases- 1- United Kingdom Vs Norway (Anglo Norwegian fisheries case) ICJ Report 1951 p. 116 2- The Nuremberg judgment, International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg 1946 AJIL Vol. 41, 1947 p. 172 3- In Re Government of India and Mubarak Ali Ahmad 1952 1 II Er 2060 4- Khutch Tribunal award case- foreign affairs report volume XVII March 68. 5- Right to passage over Indian territory case ICJ Report 1957 p. 125.

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Semester- IX

PAPER – I ARBITRATION, CONCILIATION AND ALTERNATIVE DISPUTES RESOLUTION SYSTEMS UNIT-I Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 : General provisions: Arbitration agreement; Arbitral Tribunal : Composition and Jurisdiction; Conduct of Arbitral Proceeding. UNIT-II Arbitral awards: Termination of proceedings, setting aside the Arbitral award; Enforcement of Arbitral awards, Appeals; Code of ethics for Arbitrators. UNIT-III Enforcement of Foreign-awards; Geneva Convention International arbitration institutions Conciliation : conciliators, appointment of conciliators, relationship of conciliators with the parties, settlement agreement status and effect of settlement agreements. Terminations of conciliation proceedings, resort to judicial proceedings, cost and deposits. UNIT- IV Alternative dispute & resolution system: Objects and role of committee for implementation of legal aid schemes (CILAS). The Legal services authorities act, 1987 (as amended by the act of 2002)- The national legal service authority, State legal service authority and District legal service authority- constitution and functions; UNIT- V Lok Adalat- Organisation, cognizance of cases, award and powers. Permanent Lok Adalatestablishment, cognizance of cases, procedure and award. Study of other alternative dispute resolution system in brief such as Nyay Panchayat and Family courts.

Leading Cases: 1. Sundaram Finance Ltd. Vs NIPC India Ltd. (1999) 2 SCC 479 2. NMTC Ltd. Vs. Sterlite Industries Ltd. 1996(4) SCC 219 3. Lotus Investment and Securities Vs. Pramod S. Tiberwal 1996(2) SCC 579 4. State of Rajasthan Vs. Bharat Construction Co. 1998 (4) CCs 172 (Raj.)

Paper-II Public Interest Lawyering; Legal Aid and Para Legal Services

UNIT-I Introduction- PIL- its origin and meaning Scope and nature of PIL Object of PIL. PIL and Private Interest Litigation. Locus Standi- Principle of Locus standi- traditional approach, Liberal approach Guidelines for entertaining a PIL. Petition by public spirited person or association Misuse of PIL. PIL and enforcement of Fundamental Rights- General Compensation for breach of fundamental rights Compensation for illegal detention Compensation to victim of police atrocities. PIL as a redress to custodial violence cases. PIL and Environmental Law. UNIT-II Pollution- a curse to mankind. Pollution free environment as a fundamental right. Enforcement of environmental laws through filing PIL. PIL for the enforcement of the rights of weaker sections of the society. For the enforcement of the rights of women. For the enforcement of the rights of children. For the enforcement of the rights of bonded labour. UNIT-III

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Paper- III (Cr.P.C.) The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973, Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 And Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. UNIT-I The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 1. Preliminary: (a) Object, Extent and definitions (Chapter 1) (b) Duties of Public: (i) To assist to police and Magistrate (ii) To give information about certain offences (Chapter IV Ss. 37 to 40) Criminal Courts: (a) Territorial divisions and Classifications (Chapter II, Ss. 6 to 25) (b) Powers (Chapter III, Ss. 26 to 31) UNIT-II Pre-Trial Procedure: (a) Arrest of Persons (Chapter V) (b) Process to compel appearance (Chapter VI) (c) Process to compel Production of things (Chapter VII) (d) Information to the Police and their powers of Investigation (Chapter XII) (e) Bail (Chapter XXXIII) (f) Jurisdiction of the courts in inquiries and trials (Chapter XIII); Order to furnish security for keeping peace and good behaviour (Ss. 106-124) (g) Maintenance of Public Order and Tranquility (Chapter- X) Conditions requisite for initiation of proceedings, Complaints to Magistrates, Cognizance of Offence and Charge (Chapter XIV, XV and XVII). UNIT-III Types of Trials: (i) Trial before Court of Session (Chapter XVIII) (ii) Trial of Warrant and Summons Cases (Chapter XIX & XX) (iii) Summary Trials (Chapter XXI)

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(iv) Maintenance of Wife, Children and Parents (Sec. 125 to 128) UNIT-IV Judgement (Chapter XXVII): (a) Appeal (Chapter XXIX) Reference and revision (Chapter XXX) (b) Misc. Provisions: (i) Irregular proceedings (Chapter XXXV) (ii) Period of Limitation (Chapter XXXVI) (iii) Autrefois acquit and Autrefois convict (Sec. 300) (iv) Legal Aid to the accused at State Expenses (S. 303 & 304) (v) Pardon to an accomplice (Sec. 306 to 308) (vi) Saving of Inherent powers of High Court (Sec. 482). UNIT-V The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015: Definitions, Competent authorities and institutions for juveniles, Neglected Delinquent Juveniles. Procedures and competent authorities, special offences in respect of juveniles. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958: Definitions, Power of court to require released offenders after admonition on probation of good conduct, power of Court to require released offenders to pay compensation under twenty one years of age, Variations of conditions of probation, Probation in case of ‗Offender‘ failing to observe conditions of bond, provision as to sureties, Probation Officers, Duties of Probation Officers. Leading Cases- 1- Tehsildar Singh V. State of UP, AIR 1959 SC 1012. 2- State of U.P. V. Singhara Singh, AIR 1964 SC 359. 3- Nisar Ali V. State of U.P. AIR 1957 SC 336. 4- Purshottam Das Dalmia V. State of West Bengal, AIR 1961 SC 1589. 5- State of Andhra Pradesh V. Cheemalapati Ganeshwara Rao, AIR 1963 SC 1850. 6- Satwant Singh V. State of Punjab, AIR 1960 SC 266.

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UNIT-IV Insurance against third party risks: The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988- Chapter VIII- definitions, abuse, drives and motor vehicles, requirements of policy, statutory contract between insurer and drive rights of third parties, limitation of third party‘s rights, duty to inform third party, claims tribunal- constitution, functions, applications for compensation- who can apply? Procedure and powers of claims tribunal- its award. UNIT-V Social insurance in India: Important elements in social insurance, its needs, commercial insurance and social insurance. Sickness insurance, Adarkar Scheme, Stack and Rao scheme for wage earners and others risks covered, maturity and other benefits. Old age, premature death and invalidity insurance or pension insurance, public provident fund, unemployment insurance, social insurance for agricultural and unorganized labourers. Public liability insurance: the scheme and authorities. Leading Cases- 1- Glickman Vs Lancashire and General Assurance Co. (1925) 2 KB 593 2- Johnson Vs Marshall (1906) AC 409 3- Digby Vs General Accident Fire and Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (1943) AC 121 4- Minu B. Mehta Vs Balakrishna AIR 1977 SC 1248 5- Prudential Insurance Co. Vs Inland Revenue Commissioner (1904) 2 KB 658. Paper- V CYBER CRIMES Genesis object and scope of it Act, Definitions, E-Commerce and Digital Signature, E- Governance, Dispatch and Receipt of Electronic Records, Security and Receipt under IT Act, Regulations of certifying Authorities, Digital Signature Certificate, Duties and Subscriber, Penalties and Adjudication, Cyber Regulation Appellate Tribunal, Offences under IT Act, Tampering with Computer Source Documents, Hacking with Computer System, Publishing of obscene Information in electronic form, Breach of Confidentiality and Privacy, Offences related to digital signature certificate, Computer Forensic and process of contribution, Liability of network service providers, Power of Police Officer, Miscellaneous provisions under IT Act, Amendment to IPC 1860, Amendment to Evidence Act 1872, Amendment to Banker‘s Book Evidence Act1891, Amendment to Reserve Bank of India Act 1934, Issue of Jurisdiction of Cyber Space, Issue of Online Defamation, Copyright issue in Digital Medium, Trade Mark in Online Medium.

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Semester- X PAPER- I CRIMINOLOGY AND PENOLOGY UNIT-I Criminology : Definition, nature and scope, method of studying, importance and classification of crime. Criminal behaviour : (a) Explanations. (b) Psychological theories, Alcoholism and Drugs. (c) Crime and social process : Economic Motivation, Socio-cultural Motivations, home and community influences, white collar crime, Female offender, juvenile Delinquency, influence of mass-media UNIT- II Schools of Criminological Thought (Factors in causation of criminal behaviour). i. Ancient School (a) Demonological (b) School of Free Will ii. Classical School. iii. Cartographic or ecological school. iv. Socialistic School v. Typological School (a) Italian or positive school (b) Mental Testers School (c) Psychiativists School. vi. Sociological School. vii. Multi factor School. UNIT- III Control of Crime: Police and Law courts, Prison system, Re-socialization of the offender, Rehabilitation of discharged prisoners in the administration of Criminal justice, prevention of crime delinquency. UNIT-IV Punishment, Relationship between Criminology and Penology; Theories of Punishment: Expiatory, Preventive and reformative and purposes of punishment. Penal Science in India: History of Punishment, Pre-classical School, Neoclassical, Positive School. Reformers, Clinical School and multiple causation approach. UNIT- V Miscellaneous: modes of treatment of offenders, corporeal punishment, Transportation of criminals, Capital punishment, imprisonment, reactional treatment, parole, compensation, admonition, sex and adolescent offenders, indeterminate Sentences, Borstal School, Criminal procedural Jurisprudence. Constitutional Guarantees - Principles of natural Justice as applicable in procedural law, Protection to arrested persons. Under-trials, detenue and convicted persons. Double jeopardy, self-incrimination and right to life and legal aid. Leading Cases : 1. Gura Singh V. State of Rajasthan, 1984 Cr. LJ 1423 (1428) 2. Francis Coralie Mullin V. Union Territory Delhi, AIR 1981 SC. 746. 3. R.K. Garg V. Union of India (1981) 133 ITR 239. 4. Mithu V. State of Punjab, AIR 1983 SC 473.

Paper-II THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908 AND THE LIMITATION ACT, 1963.

UNIT-I Definitions, suits in general, suits of civil nature, stay of suit, Res judicata, Res subjudice, Foreign Judgment

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UNIT-II: Place of trial, Transfer of suits, Joinder, non-joinder and mis-joinder of parties and causes of action, Service of Summon, Attachment before judgment, Arrest before Judgment. Supplemental proceedings. UNIT- III Execution in general : Courts by which decrees may be executed, powers of the court executing the decrees. Transfer of decrees for execution and modes of execution, Stay of execution, Suits in particular cases (Orders xxix to xxxiii). Abatement of suits, summary proceedings. UNIT- IV Temporary injunction and Appointment of Receiver, Appeals-Appeals against order and appeal against decree, Review. Revision and Reference, Transfer of cases, Restitutions, Caveat, Inherent powers UNIT- V The Limitation Act, 1963 (Omitting the Schedule) Definitions : Purpose, Policy, Scope, Applicant, bond, Defendant, easement, good faith, plaintiff, period of limitation Relationship between limitation, laches, acquiescence, estoppels and res judicata; Limitation of suits, appeals and applications, disability, computation of period of limitation, acknowledgement and part payment, acquisition of ownership by prescription Leading Cases : 1. Shri Sinha Ramanuja V. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR 1961 SC 1720. 2. Seth Hukamchand V. Maharaja Bahadur Singh AIR 1933 PC 193 3. Narain Bhagwant Rao V. Gopal Vinayak AIR 1960 SC 100 4. Garikapati Veerava V. Subbiah Chaudhary, AIR 1957 SC 540. 5. Deoki Nandan V. Murlidhar, AIR 1957 SC 133. 6. Deity Pattabhirama Swamy V. Hanmayya, AIR 1959 SC 57. 7. S.M. jakati V. B.M. Borker, AIR 1959 S.C. 282.

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Dastoor Ganwai (Ss. 173 to 174), Term of settlement (Ss. 175 to 177), Processes for Recovery of Revenue (S. 228), Writ of demand and citation to appear (Ss. 229 and 229- A), Attachment and Sale of movable property (S. 230), Attachment of the Land (Ss. 231 to 233), Sale of defaulters specific Area, Path or estate (Ss. 235 to 253) UNIT-V The Rajasthan Rent Control Act, 2001 (Act No. 01 of 2003 as amended by Rajasthan Act No. 21 and 22 of 2005): Definition, Application Preliminary, Revision of Rent, Determination of rent, Tenancy- Limited period tenancy, eviction of tenants, rights of landlord, Restoration of possession of illegally evicted tenant and procedure thereof. Constitution of Tribunals, Jurisdiction, Appeal and Execution, Amenities and Miscellaneous provisions. Selected Bibliography : 1. S.K. Dutta- Rajasthan Tenancy Act, Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, Rent Control in Rajasthan. 2. Mathur & Mathur- Land Laws in Rajasthan. 3. Dr. G.S. Karkara- Land Laws in Rajasthan. Leading Cases : 1. Ugam Raj v. Civil Judge(SD) Sojat City & ors. 2005(6) RRD 2180 (Raj.) 2. Heera Lal v. Rent Tribunal, Bikaner & ors. 2005(7) RRD 2648 (Raj.) 3. Nathu Singh v. Laxman Singh 1995 RRD 124 4. Panne Singh v. Guman Singh 1964 RRD 101 5. Shivshankar v. Murli Sri Bade Mathureshji 1996 RRD 316 6. Bhohra v. Ganesh 1996 RRD

PAPER- IV MOOT COURT Practical

Paper- V DRAFTING, PLEADING, CONVEYANCING AND MOOT COURT TRIAL UNIT- I Pleading : Meaning, Kinds; Fundamental principles of pleading and their exceptions, amendment of pleadings, alternate and inconsistent pleadings Doctrine of set-off: Legal set-off and equitable set-off UNIT- II Drafting of pleadings Civil : Plaints, written statement, Original Petition, Affidavit, Notice, Execution Petitions, Memorandum of Appeal, Execution of Writ Petition. and Judgement writing UNIT- III Criminal complaints, Bail Application, Aceusi Reply, criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Appeal, Reference and Revision. UNIT- IV Conveyancing : Meaning, General Rules of Conveyancing, Salient parts of conveyancing, rules relating to their drafting Drafting of Deeds : Partnership deed, mortgage by conditional sale, notice for eviction, writing of government contract, sale deed, Mortgage Deed, Gift Deed, Lease Deed, Rent Deed, Power of Attorney, Provisory Note and will . UNIT- V Pratical ***

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4. LL.M. Part-I Examination Every Candidate offering himself/herself for LL.M. Part – I Examination shall be examined in the following papers. Each paper shall be of three hours duration and carry 100 marks.

Paper– I Law & Social Transformation in India Paper- II Indian Constitutional Law & the New Challenges Paper– III Judicial Process Paper– IV Legal Research and Research Methodology.

LL.M. Part-II Examination Every Candidate offering himself/herself for the LL.M. Part – II Examination shall be examined in five papers belonging any of the following branches. Each paper shall be of 3 Hours duration and carry 100 Marks

Branch –I: International Law & Organization Paper – I International law and Organization: Law, Practice and Future Paper – II Disarmament & Peace Strategies Paper – III International Humanitarian Law Paper—IV International law: Diplomacy & Contemporary Issues Paper – V Law of the Sea. Branch II Criminal Law Paper – I Comparative Criminal Procedure Paper – II Penology & Victimology Paper – III Drug Addiction, Juvenile Delinquency Paper – IV Privileged Class deviance and Criminal Justice Paper – V Collective Violence Branch III Business Law Paper – I Law of Industrial and Intellectual Property Paper – II Legal Regulation of economic enterprises including export & import regulation Paper – III Banking Law Paper – IV Insurance Law Paper V Corporate Finance Branch IV Human Rights Law Paper – I Concept and Development of Human Rights Paper – II Human Rights in International and Regional Perspective Paper – III Human Rights: Enforcement Mechanism Paper – IV Human Rights of disadvantaged Groups: Women, Children, elderly Persons and Refugee. Paper – V Science, Technology and Human Rights. Examination and Teaching Scheme 1. Examination will be of three hours per paper. Maximum marks of each paper will be of 100 Marks. 2. The syllabus has been divided into five units. Questions will be set from each unit. 3. The questions paper shall contain three sections. Section A shall contain 10 questions two from each unit of 2 marks each. The Candidate is required to answer all the questions. The answers should not exceed 50 words. Section B shall contain 5 questions one from each unit with internal choice each question shall be of 7 marks. The answers should not exceed 200 words. The candidate is required to answer all the questions. Section C shall contain 5 questions of 15 marks each, one from each unit. The candidate is required to answer any three questions. The answers shall not exceed 500 words. 4. In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus, examiners shall be free to repeat the question set in the previous examination. 5. In the case of discrepancies between English and Hindi Version, English Version will prevail. Acts are to be read with their Amendments

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6. A Candidate may offer Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work in lieu of a paper at the LL.M. Part II examination. The Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work shall be of 70 marks, and viva-voce 30 marks. The Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work shall be hand written and shall not be of more than 100 pages and is to be submitted in triplicate so as to reach the office of the Registrar at least 3 weeks before the commencement of the theory examination. Only such candidates who shall be permitted to offer Case Study/Field Work/ Survey Report (If provided in the scheme of examination) in lieu of a paper as those who have secured at least 55% marks in the aggregate, irrespective of the number of papers in which a candidate actually appeared at the examination. 7. Students will have to appear before a board of Examination for viva-voce on the subject/topic of their submission. The Board of Examiners will consist of one External Examiner and one Internal Examiner. The Examiners must have at least 7 years teaching Experience out of which 3 years PG classes teaching experience. 8. A candidate who is declared failed at the LL.M. Part II Examination may on his request, be exempted from fresh submission of Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work at the time of his subsequent appearance at the LL.M. Part II Examination, provided he had secured pass marks in Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work submitted by him last time and provided further the examiner of the Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work or the Dean of the Faculty of Law of the University certifies that no important changes have been made in Law to justify a re-submission and the revaluation of the Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work. The candidate shall, by October Ist of the year preceding the examination send his request for exemption from fresh submission of Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work, duly endorsed and forwarded by the Head of the Institution concerned. The University will as early as possible, informs the candidate about his exemption from resubmission of a fresh Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work. An evaluated Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work shall not be re- submitted for evaluation until the guide or the supervisor certifies that important changes of style, presentation of matter etc. have been incorporated in the Case study/ Survey Report/ Field work which justifies its evaluation.

LL.M. PART I EXAMINATION Every candidate offering himself for LL.M. Part I Examination shall be examined in the following papers; each paper shall be of three hours duration and carry 100 marks.

PAPER – I LAW & SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN INDIA

Objective of the course

This course is designed to offer the teacher and the taught with (a) awareness of Indian approaches to social and economic problems in the context of law as a means of social control and change; and (b) a spirit of inquiry to explore and exploit law and legal institutions as a means to achieve development within the framework of law. The endeavor is to make the students aware of the role the law has played and has to play in the contemporary Indian Society. Unit - I Law as a means of Social change: A Theoretical Perspective Relationship of Law with social change Law as an instrument of social change. Law as the product of traditions & culture: Evaluation in the light of colonization & common law system. Impact of Social movements on social change. Religion and the Law Religion : Meaning, relationship with law. Religion as an integrative or divisive factor. Secularism: meaning and its contribution in Indian society. Freedom of religion and non-discrimination on the basis of religion. Religious minorities and the law Unit - II Languages and the Law. Formation of linguistic States and its impact on policy in governance.

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Constitutional guarantees to linguistic minorities. Language policy and the Constitution: Official languages, multi language system. Non discrimination on the ground of language. Community and the Law. Caste System in Indian Society. Caste : Socio-Cultural reality as a divisive and integrative factor. Non- discrimination on the ground of caste. Acceptance of caste as a factor to undo past injustices: An Analysis. Protective discrimination: Scheduled Castes, Tribes and Backward Classes. Reservation Policy : Statutory Commission Statutory Provision Unit - III Regionalism and the Law. Regionalism : A Divisive or an integrative factor. Concept of India as one Unit. Freedom of movement, residence and business, impermissibility of state or regional barriers. Equality in matters of employment: the slogan ‗son of the soil‘ and its practice. Admission to educational institutions: preference to residents of a State. Women and the Law Status of Women in Indian Society Crimes against Women Gender injustice: forms, causes and remedies. Women‘s Commission Empowerment of Women: Constitutional and other legal provisions. Unit – IV Children and the law. Child Labour. Sexual Exploitation. Adoption, maintenance and related problems Child and Education. Modernization and the Law. Modernization as a value : Constitutional perspective reflected in Fundamental Duties. Modernization of Social Institution through Law. Reform of Family Law Agrarian Reform. Industrial Reforms: Free Enterprise v. State Regulation, industrialization v environmental protection. Reform of Court Processes. Criminal Law : Plea Bargaining, Compounding & Payment of Compensation to Victim. Civil Law : (ADR) Confrontation v. Consensus, mediation & conciliation, Lok Adalats. Unit – V Alternative approaches to Law. Jurisprudence of Sarvodaya, Gandhiji, Vinoba Bhave, Jai Prakkash Narain. Socialist thought on Law & Justice: An enquiry through Constitutional debates on the right to property. Indian Marxist Critique of Law & Justice Nexalite movement : Causes & Cure

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Marc Galanter (ed.) : Law and Society in Modern India (1997), Oxford Robert Lingat : The Classical Law of India (1998), Oxford U. Baxi : The Crisis of the Indian Legal System (1982). Vikas, New Delhi U. Bax; (ed.): Law and Poverty Critical Essav (1988) Tripathy, Bombay Manushi : A Journal About Women and Society Duncan Derret : The State, Religion and Law in India (1999) Oxford University Press, New Delhi H.M. Seervai : Constitutional Law in India (1999) Tripathi D.D. Basu: Shorter Constitution of India (1996), Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi Sunil Deshta and Kiran Deshta : Law and Menace of Chied Labour; (2000) Anmol Publications, Delhi Savitri Gurasekirare : Children, Law and Justice (1997), Sage Indian Law Institute : Law and Social Change : Indo-American Reflection; (1988). Tripathi, Mumbai. J. B. Kriplani : Gandhi-His Life and Thought 1970, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India M.P. Jain : Outlines of Indian Legal History (I993), Tripathi, Bombay Aguas, Flavia : Law and Gender Inequality : The Politics of Women‘s Rights in India (1999), Oxford

PAPER – II INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW & THE NEW CHALLENGES Objective of the Course The Constitution, a living document, is said to be always in the making. The judicial process of constitutional interpretation involves a technique of adapting the law to meet changing social mores. Constitution being the fundamental law an insight into its new trends is essential for a meaningful understanding of the legal system and processes. The post graduate students in law, who had the basic knowledge of Indian

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Constitutional law at LL.B. level, should be exposed to the new challenges and perspectives of constitutional development while they are allowed to choose an area of law specialization. Obviously, topics under this paper require modification and updating from time to time. Unit – I Federalism Creation of new states. Allocation and Share of resource – Distribution of grants in aid, the inter-state disputes on resources Rehabilitation of internally displaced persons Centre‘s Responsibility and internal disturbance within state Direction of centre to the state under Article 356, 365 Federal Comity: Relationship of trust and faith between Centre & States. Special status of certain states, Tribal Areas, Scheduled Areas Unit – II State: Need for Widening the definition in the wake of liberalization; Accountability of State : Joint Parliamentary Committee & Public Account Committee Right to equality : Privatization and its impact on affirmative action Unit – III Freedom of Press and Challenges of new scientific development. Freedom of Speech and right o broadcast and telecast. Right to strike Emerging regime of new rights and remedies – Reading Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties into Fundamental Rights Compensatory Jurisprudence Right to Education : Commercialization, Brain Drain Right to life, liberty and criminal jurisprudence Right to Information Unit – IV Separation of Powers. Stresses and Strains of Governance. Judicial activism and Judicial restraint PIL : Implementation. Judicial independence. Appointment, transfer and removal of judges. Accountability : Executive and judiciary. Tribunals : Need, Necessity and Constitutionality Unit – V Democratic Process. Nexus of politics with criminals and the business. Election : mechanism and Procedure. Election Commission : Constitution and Status. Electoral Reforms : Transparency, Free and Fair election. Coalition Government, Stability, durability, corrupt practice. Grass root democracy : Democratic decentralization and local self government. Protection of minorities. Religious and linguistic minorities. Right to establish and administer educational institutions. State Control

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY No specific bibliography is suggested for this course since the course materials depends upon the latest developments. These developments in the areas specialized in course can be gathered from the recent material such as case law. changes and amendments of laws, critical comments, studies and reports, articles and research papers and lastly contemporary emerging ethos impacting on constitutional values. PAPER – III JUDICIAL PROCESS Objective of the Course

A Lawyer, whether academic or professional, is expected to be competent to analyze and evaluate the legal process from a broader juristic perspective. Hence a compulsory paper on judicial process is essential in the LL.M. curriculum. The objective of this paper is to study the nature of judicial process as an instrument of social ordering. It is intended to highlight the role of court as policy maker participant in the power process and as an instrument of social change. This paper further intends to expose the intricacies of judicial creativity and the judicial tools and techniques. Since the ultimate aim of any legal process or system is pursuit of justice, a systematic study of the concept of justice and its various theoretical foundations is required. This paper, therefore, intends to familiarize the students with various theories different aspects and alternative ways of attaining justice.

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Unit – I Nature of Judicial Process. Judicial process as an instrument of social ordering. Judicial process and creativity in Law : Common law model, legal Reasoning and growth of law, change and stability. The tools and techniques of judicial creativity and precedent. Legal development and creativity through legal reasoning under statutory and codified system. Unit – II Special dimensions of judicial process in Constitutional adjudication. Notion of Judicial Review Role in constitutional adjudication : various theories of judicial role Tools and techniques in policy making and creativity in constitutional adjudication. Varieties of judicial and juristic activism. Problems of accountability & Judicial Law making. Unit – III Judicial Process in India. Indian debate on the role of judges and on the notion of judicial review. The ―independence‖ of judiciary and the ―political‖ nature of judicial process. Judicial activism and creativity of the Supreme Court : the tools and techniques of creativity. Judicial process in pursuit of constitutional goals and values : New dimensions of judicial activism and structural challenges. Institutional liability of courts its scope and limits Unit – IV The Concept of Justice. The concept of justice and Dharma in Indian thought. Dharma as the foundation of legal ordering in Indian thought. The concept and various theories of justice in the western thought Various theoretical bases of justice: The liberal contractual tradition, the liberal utilitarian tradition and the liberal moral tradition. Unit – V Relation between law and Justice. Equivalence Theories – Justice as nothing more than the positive law of the stronger class. Dependence theories: for its realization, Justice depends on law, but justice is not the same as law. The independence theories of justice as a means to an end, the relationship in the context of the Indian Constitutional ordering Analysis of selected cases of Supreme Court where the Judicial Process can be seen as influenced by theories of Justice. SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Julius Store : The Province and Function of Law, Part II, Chs. 1-8-16 (2000), Universal, New Delhi Cardozo : The Nature of Judicial Process (1995), Universal, New Delhi Henry J. Abraham : The Judicial Process (1998), Oxford J.Stone : Precedent and the Law : Dynamics of Common Law Growth (1985), Butterworths W. Friedmann : Legal Theory (1960), Stevens, London Bodenheimer : Jurisprudence - The Philosophy and Method of the Law (1997), Universal, Delhi 10 J. Stone : Legal System and Lawyer‘s Reasoning (1999), Universal, Delhi U. Baxi : The Indian Supreme Court and Politics (1980), Eastern, Lucknow Rajeev Dhavan : The Supreme Court of India - A Socio-Legal Critique of its Juristic Techniques (1977), Tripathi, Bombay John Rawls : A Theory of Justice (2000), Universal, Delhi Edward, H. Levi : An Introduction to Legal Reasoning (1970), University of Chicago

PAPER – IV LEGAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Objective of the Course: A Post-graduate student of Law should get an insight into the objectives of legal education. He should have an exposure to programmes like organizations of seminars, publication of Law Journals and holding of legal aid clinics. Law is taught in different ways in different countries. The LL.M. course, being intended also to produce lawyers with better competence and expertise, it is imperative that the student should familiarize himself along with the different systems of legal education. The lecture method both at LL.B. level and LL.M. level has many demerits. The existing lacunae can be eliminated by following other methods of learning such as

127 case methods, discussion method, problem seminar method and combination of all methods. The student has to be exposed to those methods so as to develop his skills. Growth of legal science in India depends on the nature and career of legal research. The syllabus is also designed to develop skills in research and writing in a systematic manner. Unit – I: Legal Education : Methods & Objective (a) Lecture Method of Teaching : merits and Demerits (b) The problem method (c) Discussion method and its suitability at postgraduate level teaching(d) The seminar method of teaching (e) Examination system and problems in evaluation external and internal assessment (f) Student participation in law school programmes, organizations of seminars, publication of journal and assessment of teachers. Clinical legal education – legal aid, legal literacy, legal survey and law reform Unit – II: Research Method Socio-Legal Research Doctrinal and non doctrinal research Relevance of empirical research Induction and deduction Identification problem of research – what is a research problem. Survey of available literature and preparation of bibliography Legislative materials including subordinate legislation, notification and policy statements. Research Materials. Unit – III Decisional materials including foreign decisions; methods of discovering the ―rule of the case‖ Juristic writings: A Survey of juristic literature, its relevance in selection of problems in India and foreign periodicals. Compilation of list of reports or special studies conducted relevant to the problems. Formulation of the Research Problem, hypothesis Devising tools and techniques for collection of data Methods for the collection of statutory and case material and juristic literature Use of historical and comparative research material Use of observation studies Use of the Case Studies Use of questionnaires/interview Sampling procedures, design of sample, types of sampling to be adopted Use of scaling techniques Jurimetrics. Unit –IV Data Collection Computerized Research : A study of legal research programmes such as lexis and West law coding Classification and Tabulation of Data : use of cards for data collection, Rules for tabulation, Explanation of tabulated data Analysis of Data – Qualitative and Quantitative Unit – V Report writing

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY High Brayai, Negel Dunean and Richard Crimes : Clinical Legal Education : Active Learning in, your Law School (1998), Blackstone Press Ltd., London S.K. Agarwal (ed.) : Legal Education in India (1993), Tripathi, Bombay N.P. Madhava Menun (ed.) : A Handbook of Clinical Legal Education (1998). Eastern Book Company. Lucknow M.O. Price, H. Bitner and Bysicqicz : Effective Legal Research (1978) Pauline V. Young : Scientific Social Survey and Research (1962) William, J. Grade and Paul, K. Hatt : Methods in Social Research, McGraw Hill Book Company, London H.M. Hymae : Interviewing in Social Research (1965) Payne : The Art of Asking Questions (1965) Erwin, C., Surrcncy, B. Field, J. Crea : A Guide to Legal Research Morris, L. Cohan : Legal Research in Nutshell (1996), West Publishing Company Harvard Law Review Association : Uniform System of Citations 1L1 Publication : Legal Research and Methodology. LL.M. PART-II EXAMINATION

BRANCH-I INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ORGANIZATION Objectives of the course The years following the Second World War have witness a phenomenal growth of international organizations. The United Nations has become increasingly complex in its functioning, and the range of its activities has widened beyond manageable proportions. It has therefore become imperative to understand the modes of operation of the numerous organs and agencies of the U.N. system, the decision-making pattern, financing and accountability. The interactions between the members and the Organization over the

128 years to cope up with their numerous responsibilities have been handicapped with non-availability of funds and non-co-operation of the certain members. In order to give students an in-depth understanding, it would be useful to conduct intensive studies of some agencies such as the UNDF and the FAO. There have also come into existence well known non- governmental organizations whose expertise is made use of by various UN Agencies in the capacity of consultants. The role played by such NGOs would also be assessed in the light of the objectives of the organization. The course will explore the areas of co-operation in international relations which are likely to bring about cohesion and integration, and assess the role of international organization in fostering change. It will also provide an opportunity for understanding the major issues of law and policy which are presently being faced by international organizations. The following syllabus prepared with this perspective will be spread over a period of one year.

PAPER – I INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ORGANIZATION: LAW, PRACTICE AND FUTURE

UNIT –I: Evolution of International Organization: The Concept of Europe, the League of Nations and the United Nations. United Nations as a Constitutional and Political System. Organs and Their functions Law Creating processes Amendment process Secretary General of the United Nations Unit – II The Political Process Blocks and Alliances Non aligned movement and its impact on voting in the various organs of the United Nations. India and the United Nations Unit – III Peace-Keeping UN Peace keeping functions. UN peace keeping force case studies Problems of peace enforcement through the UN Unit – IV Special Agencies and Non Governmental Organizations Constitution and functions of specialized agencies Amnesty International International Commission of Jurists. Unit – V Peaceful Change through United Nations Dispute settlement machinery of the United Nations The Role of ECOSOC in bringing about peaceful change UN operational programmes in the Social Field & Economic field Select Bibliography D.W. Bowett, Law of International Institutions, (1982) Ingrid Detter, Law Making by the International Organisation, (1965) Stephen S.Goodspeed, Nature and Function of International Organisation, (1967) Wilfred Jenks, The proper Law of International Organisations, (1962) E.P.Walters, History of the League of Nations (1965) D.W.Bowett, United Nations Forces: A Legal Study (1969) Leland M. Goodrich, Charter of the United Nations (1969) Leland M. Goodrich, United Nations in a Changmg World (1974). Rosalyn Higgins, Development of International Law through Rahmattullah Khan, Implied Powers of the United Nations (1970) Edward Macwhinney, United Nations Law Making (1984) Political Organs of the United Nations (1963) Hans Kelsen, Law of the United Nations (1954) M.S. Rajan, United Nations and Domestic Jurisdiction (1961) PAPER – II DISARMAMENT AND PEACE STRATEGIES Objectives of the course Disarmament has been a major issue in international relations for creating conditions of peace. The mad race for conventional and nuclear arms among the super powers has been going on unabated. Even the newly emergent poor nations have found it essential to divert their resources for the acquisition of sophisticated arms and upkeep of military hardware. Developed nations with nuclear capabilities are spending billions of dollars for creating balance of terror.

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These nations are the most important source for the supply of arms to developing nations. The implications of transfer of technology are grave and need a thorough understanding of the issues involved. The ownership patterns for mass production of armaments need a close scrutiny and the methods used by giant manufacturers of sophisticated armaments to push sales have recently come under severe attack. These have a direct bearing on national policies for production and sale of armaments. Nations individually and collectively have been involved in devising methods for disarmament and non- proliferation of nuclear weapons. The UN has been fully absorbed for the last several decades in initiating dialogues on disarmament. In the course of years the impediments which stand in the way of arriving at an international understanding have been laid bear. The course will explore the alternative strategies for creating conditions of peace. This would involve a critical examination of dispute resolution and crisis management techniques, equitable allocation of world‘s resources and economic development of less developed countries. The following syllabus prepared with this perspective will be spread over a period of one year. Unit – I Concept of Disarmament Meaning and changing concept Disarmament and world security, military alliances arms trade Unit – II Arms Race: Reasons, Consequences especially in terms of resource economic development and its International implications. Unit – III United Nations Disarmament : History, its achievements and limitations, Negotiations leading to the signing of SALT I and SALT II Unit – IV Nuclear Disarmament: Problems and Perspectives: Nuclear Non- Proliferation treaty & Intermediate range missile Treaty, International Regulation of Nuclear weapons. International Regulations: Biological and chemical or weapons of Mass Destruction; Control of Militarization of Outer Space and the Ocean Bed. Unit – V Conserving the world‘s resources: peace research and its significance; Protection of Human Rights Assisting the economic development of less developed countries; Towards a balanced world Trade; Peaceful settlement of International Disputes. Select Bibliography Burns H. Weston, Toward Nuclear Disarmament and Global Security: a Search for Alternatives (1980) J. Schell, the Fate of the Earth (1982) J.N. Singh, Use of Force under International Law (1984) Julius Stone, Legal Controls of International Law (1954) M. Waizer, Just and Unjust Wars (1979) R. Kothari, Transformation and survival: ln Search of Human World Order (1988) R. Falk, et.al., International Law: A Contemporary Perspective pp.473-519 (1985) R. Falk, The End of World Order pp.1 55-276 (1983). Report of the Secretary General: Chemical and Bacteriological (Biological weapons and the effects of their Possible Use, (UN Doc.A-7575 Rev.1 S/9292 Rev. 1(1969)

PAPER – III INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW

Objectives of the course International Law has traditionally been a law which regulates relations among states. Individuals have been objects and not subjects of International Law. A logical extension of these principles led to the theory that international law could not confer rights nor impose duties on individuals. What it could do was to appeal to conscience of the nations that unnecessary suffering of human being should be avoided. In view of territorial and personal character of sovereignty of a state, treatment of its own nationals and stateless persons, subject to limited exceptions remained under the exclusive jurisdiction of a state. Although this unsatisfactory state of law was hardly adequate to prevent ill- treatment of individuals, particularly during war, it became the starting point for a new branch of international law towards the end of the last century.

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The total character of modern war and threat of annihilation due to use of nuclear weapons have been responsible for a new concern for survival of humanity. To meet this challenge the United Nations and other voluntary international agencies have been actively involved in prescribing standards of treatment based upon dictates of humanity and overseeing their implementation in difficult situations. The underlying purpose is to ensure a human treatment of all individuals, a minimum standard of treatment which may not be departed from even under the necessities of war or grave provocation. The following syllabus prepared with this perspective will be spread over a period of one year. Unit - I International Movement : History and various conventions : Contributions of classical writers; history of the Red Cross; Geneva conventions of 1864 for Amelioration of the Condition of wounded Soldiers in Land Army, St. Petersburg Declaration, 1868. The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, Geneva Conventions of 1929 and 1949 on treatment of Prisoners of war, Wounded and Sick persons and Civilian Persons Unit – II International Efforts: Salve Trade and Similar Practices; Forced Labour and Trafficking in human beings. Unit – III United Nations and Humanitarian Law: Role of ECOSOC and ILO; Genocide Convention. Unit – IV International Refugees: Organization and various related conventions. Unit – V Right of Self-determination: Implementation and declaration after independence to colonial countries. Discrimination against Women: International co-operation. Select Bibliography C.Hosoya, N.Ando, Y.Onuma, R.Minear, The Tokyo War Crimes Trial (1986). G.Tunkin, Theory of International Law (1974) G.Schwarzenberger, The Law of Armed Conflicts (Vol.11) J.Stone, Legal Controls of International Conflicts (1959) R.Falk, ―The Shimoda Case‘ 69 International Law (1965) T.Taylor, Nuremberg and Vietnam: An American Tragedy (1971)

PAPER IV INTERNATIONAL LAW: DIPLOMACY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Objectives of the course The importance of diplomacy in international relations cannot be underestimated. Even before and after the emergence of the modern state system and the generally agreed rules of international law, diplomacy has been the most outstanding means for influencing decisions relating to maintenance of international law. The course will dwell on structural inequalities and geopolitical realities which shape national policies. The role of diplomacy from ancient to modern times will be assessed and salient features of the ‗new diplomacy highlighted. Momentous developments in technology giving rise to arms race and military alliances have in no small measure been responsible for utilizing new strategies by powerful states to control foreign policies of nations. In this connection it will be necessary to understand the conduct of diplomacy in the various forums of the United Nations. Inasmuch as delegations of all the members remain more or less present throughout the year at the United Nations Headquarters, it becomes relatively easy to handle some difficult situations. To provide an insight of the subject, the use of diplomacy in crisis management in contemporary international society will be discussed. The following syllabus prepared with this perspective will be spread over a period of one year. Contemporary International system: International stratifications and geopolitical considerations. Beginningof diplomacy: Various Diplomatic Traditions, Golden age of classical diplomacy of 18th & 19th centuries in Europe. Impact of the First World War and the Russian Revolution: Transition from ―Old‖ to ―New‖ diplomacy; Technology on conduct of diplomacy; Nuclear weapons; Military Alliance; Secret v. Open Diplomacy, Democratic control of Foreign Policy.

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Diplomacy in contemporary World: Cold War and its impact; summit; U.N.; Mass Media and propaganda. Crisis Management: Diplomacy new human rights conceptions; diplomacy and right to development, The Stockholm Declaration on Environment. Select Bibliography A.BaII, Modern Intentional Negotiations (1969) l.Clark, Reform and Resistance in International Order (1980) Clark, The Satisfied and the Dissatisfied States Negotiate International Law: A Case Study, 18 World Politics 20-41 (1965) H.Nicolson, Diplomacy (1969) J.Stone, Law and Nations (1974) L.Hanken, How Nations Behave (1968) R.L.Friedheim, Parliamentary Diplomacy - A Survey (1976) R.P.Anand, International Courts and Contemporary Conflict (1979)

PAPER – V LAW OF THE SEA Objectives of the course There have been momentous changes in the law of the sea for the last fifty years. An almost settled branch of international law has been reopened in response to the needs of the international community to appropriate limitless resources of the sea for common good. Although the importance of sea as a means of communications has lessened in recent years, new scientific and technological developments have brought to the fore the need of devising an equitable system for the distribution of vast living and non- living resources of the sea. The problems of conservation of vast living and non-living resources are complex. States have been using the sea rather recklessly with the result that there is the danger of pollution and consequent loss of animal life and contamination of the environment. The course on the Law of the sea will, therefore, focus attention on resources of sea as common heritage of mankind. It will necessitate examinations of policy goals of various uses of the sea in the context of dwindling resources on the landmass. It will address itself to problems of conservation, pollution and equitable distribution of resources of the sea-to-sea to nations, large and small, with a seacoast or landlocked. Unit - I Historical Introduction: Contributions of Seldon, Grotives, Bynkershock and others; to development of the early law; the Anglo Norwegian Fishers Case and its after math; the technological revolution and the utilization of the new resources of the sea; population explosion and its impact on the law, the U.N. conference on the law of the sea; Developing nations and the uses of the sea. New resources of the sea and its impact on the Law. Unit - II Changing Concepts of Maritime Frontiers: territorial waters and contiguous zone, continental shelf; Rights of States over, exclusive economic zone. Principles for determination of maritime frontiers and maritime boundaries under the customary and Conventional law. Unit - III Exploitation of Deep Sea – Bed Resources : International Sea Bed authority, its functions and powers; Decision making; settlement of disputes, principles governing joint ventures; transfer of data and training of personnel of the authority problems and perspectives. Unit - IV Conservation of living Resources: Problems of Maritime Pollution. Unit - V Land Locked states and sea as common heritage of mankind : the future of the Law of the Sea International Sea tribunal to settle Disputes. Select Bibliography Orrego Vicuna, The Changing International Law of the High seas Fisheries (1999), Cambridge

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Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law (1998), Clarendon press, Oxford. P. Chandrasekahara Rao, The New law of Maritime Zones (1983) Miling Publications, New Delhi Samir Mankababy, The International Shipping Rules (1986), Croom Helm, London Nagendra Singh, International Maritime law Conventions, Vol.1 Navigation (1983) Stevens & Maxwell, London. Myron H. Nordquist and John Norton Moor (eds.), Ocean Policy - New Institutions, Challenges and Opportunities (1999), Kluwer R.P. Anand, Law of the Sea,. Caracas and beyond (1978) D.W. Bowett, Law of the Sea D.W. Bowett, Legal Regime of Islands in International Law John Colombos, International Law of The Sea (1962) J.H. Hargrove, Who Protects the Ocean: Environment andthe Development of the Law of the Sea Devendra Kaushik, Indian Ocean Towards a Peace Zone (1983) Myres S. McDougal and W. Burke, The Public Order oithe Oceans (1962) D.P. PConnel, International Law of the Sea, Vols. 1 & 11(1982).

BRANCH – II CRIMINAL LAW Objectives of the course Criminal Procedure is being taught as a compulsory paper at the level of LLB. today. However, a jurisprudential thrust has to be given to this subject at the post-graduate level as this is a subject which has constitutional undertones and jurisprudential importance. A study of comparative criminal procedure helps students to develop an ecumenical approach and broadens their vision. It inspires them renew and revise their laws to be in tune with developed systems. The paper is taught with reference to India England, France and China

PAPER - I COMPARATIVE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE Unit - I

Organization of Courts and Prosecuting Agencies Criminal Courts – Hierarchy and their Jurisdiction Nyaya Panchayats in India including Panchayats in Tribal areas. Organization of prosecuting agencies for prosecuting Criminals: Prosecutors and the Police. Withdrawal of Prosecution. Unit - II Pre Trial Procedures. Rights of the accused. Arrest and questioning of the accused; Evidentiary value of statements/articles seized/collected by the Police. Right to counsel. Role of Prosecutor and judicial officer in investigation. Unit - III Trial Procedures. Trial : Accusatory and inquisitorial systems. Role of the Prosecutor, Defence attorney and the Judge in the trial. Evidence: Admissibility, Inadmissibility; Expert Evidence. Appropriate punishment; plea Bargaining Unit - IV Correction and After care services. Institutional correction of offenders. After-care services in India and France General Comparison. Role of court in correctional programmes in India. Preventive measures in India: Provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code; special enactments. Unit - V Public Interest Litigation : Directions for Criminal Prosecution. Preferably the Paper should be taught with reference to India, England, US, France, China and Russia wherever necessary. The Malimath Committee Commission Report is to be referred for teaching this paper. Patric Devlin, The Criminal Prosecution in England American Series of Foreign Penal Codes Criminal Procedure Code of People s Republic of China. John N. Ferdico, Criminal Procedure (1996), West-Sanders & Young, Criminal Justice (1994) Christina Van Den Wyngart, Criminal Procedure Systems in European Community Joel Samaha, Criminal Procedure (1997), West Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 The French Code of Criminal Procedure, 14th and 41st Reports of Indian Law Commission.

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PAPER – II PENOLOGY & VICTIMOLOGY This course offers a specialist understanding of criminal policies including theories of punishment, their supposed philosophical and sociological justifications and the problematic of discretion in the sentencing experience of the developing societies, a focus normally absent in law curricula so far. The expert work of the U.N. Committee on Crime Prevention and Treatment of Offenders will be availed of in this course. Especially, at each stage, the three D‘s will be explored as offering a range of alternatives: decriminalisation, dependization, deinstitutionalization. Broadly, the course will concern itself with: (a) Theories of Punishment (b) Approaches to Sentencing (c) Alternatives to Imprisonment (d) The State of Institutional Incarceration in India: Jails and other custodial institutions (e) The problematic of Capital Punishment (f) Penology in relation to privileged class deviance (g) Penology in relation to marginalized deviance or criminality (h) The distinctive Indian (historical and contemporary) approaches to penology

Unit - I: 1. Penology and Theories of Punishment (a) Definition of Penology (b) Theories of Punishment : Retribution, Utilitarian Prevention- Deference, Utilitarian: Intimidation, Behavioural Prevention : Incapacitation, Rehabilitation, Expiation. Classical Hindu and Islamic approaches to Punishment Capital Punishment – Its Constitutionality, Problems related to capital punishment, Judicial attitude in India towards Capital punishment- An inqurity through the statute Law and case law. Law Reforms Proposals Unit – II Approaches to sentencing Alternatives to Imprisonment, Probation Corrective labour Fine ; Collective fines Reparation by the offender/by the court Unit – III Sentencing Types of sentences – Indian Penal code and Special Laws. Sentencing in white collar crimes. Pre-sentence hearing ; Summary punishment. Sentencing for habitual offender. Plea Bargaining Unit – IV ImprisonmentRights of prisoners and duties of custodial staff, deviance by custodial staff State of Jails in India today; Disciplinary regime of Indian Prisons. Classification of Prisoners Open Prisons Judicial Surveillance, basis, development, reforms Unit – V: Victimology. Victims of Crime. Compensation to victims under Cr.P.C. and other statues. Compensation under Public Law Remedy Select Bibliography S. Chhabbra, The Quantum of Punishment in Criminal Law (1970), H. L.A. Hart, Punishment and Responsibility (1968) Herbert L. Packer, The Limits of Criminal Sanction (1968) Alt Ross, On Guilt, Responsibility and Punishment (1975) A. Siddique, Criminology(1984) Eastern, Lucknow. Law Commission of India, Forty-Second Report Ch. 3 (1971) K.S. Shukia, ―Sociology of Deviant Behaviour‖ in 3 ICSSR Survey of Sociology and Social Anthropology 1969-179 (1986) Tapas Kumar Banerjee, Background to Indian Criminal Law (1990), R.Campray & Co., Calcutta.

PAPER – III DRUG ADDICTION & JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Almost all the major dilemmas of criminal policy surface rather acutely in combating drug addiction and trafficking through the legal order. The issue of interaction between drug abuse and criminality is quite complex. At least three important questions have been recently identified as crucial for comparative research. First, to what extent drug dependence contributes to criminal behaviour? Second, in what ways do criminal behaviour patterns determine drug abuse? Third, are there any common factors which contribute to the determination of both drug abuse and criminal behaviour?

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Apart from these causal issues, there is the broad question of the social costs-benefits of criminalization of addictive behaviour. Should drug- taking remain in the category of crime without victims?‖ Or should it be viewed as posing an ever-growing threat to human resource development and be subjected to state control, over individual choices as to survival and life-styles? The problems here are not merely ideological or theoretical. User of drugs for personal, non- therapeutic purposes may well be linked with international trafficking in psychotropic substance. It has even been suggested that encouragement of drug-dependency may have, in addition to motivation of high profits, politically subversive aspects. Assuming that both addiction and trafficking have to be regulated, what penal polices should be appropriate? What human rights costs in the administration of criminal justice should be considered acceptable? The international response to these questions is indicated by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, adopted in New York, 30 March 1961 and as amended by 1972 Protocol in Geneva, 25 March, 1972 and the Convention on Psychotropic substances, adopted in Vienna, 21 February 1971. India has recently adopted the basic principles of these conventions in the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 Broadly, penal policy dilemmas here relate to: (a) management of sanctions relating to production, distribution and illicit commerce in Narcotic Substances and, (b) ways of prevention of abuse of drugs, including speedy diagnosis, treatment, correction, aftercare, rehabilitation, and realization of persons affected. Syllabus Unit - I Basic Concepts and social characteristics of drug users. Basic Concepts: Drugs, Narcotics, Psychotropic Substances; Dependence, Addiction, Crimes without Victims, Trafficking in Drugs, Primary Drug abuse. Ana graphic and social characterics of Users: Gender, Age, Age at First Use, Religiousness, single individuals/cohabitation. Socio-economic level of family, Residence Patters urban/rural, occupation, education levels. Reasons given as cause of first use; Type of Drug Use , Method of Intake, Pattern of the use, Average quantity and cost, consequence on addicts health (physical Psychic) Unit - II Legal Regime : International and Indian. Single convention on narcotic Drugs, 1961, Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1972. International Collaboration in combating Drug Addiction, SAARC and South South co-operation ; Profile of International Market for psychotropic substances. Indian Regulatory System: Approaches to Narcotic trafficking during colonial India: Nationalist thought towards regulation of drug trafficking and usage. Penal Provisions – Indian Penal Code and the Customs Act; India‘s role in the evolution of the two International conventions. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic substances Act, 1985; Judicial approaches to sentencing in Drug Trafficking and Abuse Patterns of resource investment in India: Policing adjudication, Treatment, after care and Rehabilitation. Unit - III Juvenile Delinquency : Concepts and Determining Factors. Child in Indian Constitution and Penal Code Delinquent Juvenile; Neglected Juvenile; Overall situation of children/young persons in India including crime statistics- of crimes by and against children. Differential Association; Anomie; Economic Pressure; peer group influence; Gang Sub culture; class differentials. Indian Context of Juvenile delinquency : child population (percentage to total sex ratio, urban/rural/ rural-urban); neglected below poverty line, physically and Mentally disabled orphans, Destitutes, Vagrants. Labourers – In organized industries (e.g. zari, Carpet, bidi, glass) and unorganized sectors (e.g. domestic servant, shops and establishment, rag pickers, family trade etc.) Delinquent-number, sex ratio, ratio to adult crime types of offences committed recidivism, Drug Addicts, victims of violence: sexual abuse battered, killed by parents; of criminal activities like bootlegging, drug pollution as a response of protective approach. Unit - IV Legislative Approaches and Judicial contribution. Legislative approaches: Late colonial era, children Act, Position in various states; Juvenile Justice Act; Constitutional aspects; Distinction: Neglected and Delinquent. Competent authorities; Procedural safeguards; Powers given to government; community

135 participation under the Juvenile Justice Act. Unit - V Social action litigation concerning Juvenile Justice: Salient Judicial decisions; Role of Legal profession in Juvenile Justice Systems. Implementation – Institutions, bodies, personnel; recruiting and Funding agencies; Recruitment qualifications and salaries or fund; other responsibilities of agency/ person. Coordination among related agencies; Accountability-annual Reports and accessibility of public to juvenile justice institution. Preventive strategies; State welfare programme health, nutrition, ICWS, grants in aid; compulsory education; role of community family, voluntary bodies, individuals Select Bibliography H.S. Becker, Outsiders: The Studies in Sociology of Deviance (1966) J.A. Incard, C.D. Chambers, (eds.), Drugs and the Criminal Justice System (1974) A. Cocken, DrugAbuse and personality in Young Offenders (1971) G. Edwards Busch, (ed.) Drug Problems in Britain: A Review of Ten Years (1981) P. Kondanram and Y.N. Murthy, Drug Abuse and Crime: A Preliminary Study 7 Indian Journal of Criminology, 65-68 (1979).

PAPER IV PRIVILEGED CLASS DEVIANCE This course focuses on the ―Criminality of the ―Privileged classes‖. The definition of ―privileged classes‖ in a society like India should not pose major problem at all; the expression nearly includes wielders of all forms of state and social (including religious) power. Accordingly, the course focuses on the relation between privilege power and deviant behaviour. The traditional approaches which highlight ―white-collar offences‖, ―socio-economic offences‖ or ―crimes of the powerful‖ deal mainly with the deviance of the economically resourceful. The dimension of deviance associated with bureaucracy, the new rich (nouveau riche), religious leaders and organizations, professional classes and the higher bourgeoisie are not fully captured here. In designing teaching materials for this course, current developments in deviance, as reflected in newspapers/journals, law reports, and legislative proceedings should be highlighted. It should be stressed that the objectives of the course include:. Dispelling of the commonly held belief that deviance crime is usually associated with the impoverished or improvident;. Construction of model so understanding the reality of middle and upper; middle class deviance criminality in India; . Critical analyses of legal system responses and. Issues and dilemmas in penal and sentencing policies.

Unit - I Conceptions of white-collar crimes and class deviance. Indian approaches to socio economic offences. Conception of white collar crime; notions of privileged class deviance as providing a wider categorization of understanding Indian development. Unit - II Typical forms of deviance : Official deviance (by legislators, judges/bureaucrats); Professional deviance (journalists, doctors, teachers, lawyers, engineers, architects, publishers); Trade Union deviance (including lawyers, urban property owners); Landlord deviance (class/caste based deviance); Police deviance; Deviance on electoral process (rigging, booth capturing, impersonation, corrupt practices).. Gender-based aggression by socially, economically and politically powerful Unit - III Official Deviance Concept of Official deviance: permissible limit of discretionary power. The Chambal valley dacoit, Vinoba Mission and Jai Prakash Narain Mission – in 1959 and 197. The Chagla Commission Report on LIC- Mundhra Affair; The Das Commission Report on Pratap Singh Kairon The Grover Commission Report on Dev Raj Urs; The Maruti Commission Report; the Ibakkar Natarajan

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Commission Report on Fair fax. Unit - IV Police Deviance and professional Deviance. Structures of legal restraint on police powers in India; unconstitutionality of third degree methods and use of fatal force by policePolice atrocities; encounter killings; plea of superior order; Rape and related forms of gender based aggression by police and Para military forces. Reform suggestions especially by National Police Commission. Unethical practices at the Indian Bar; Medical malpractice. The Lentin Commission Report; the press council on unprofessional and unethical journalism. Unit - V Response of Indian legal Order to the Deviance of Privileged Classes Vigilance Commission; Public Accounts Committee Ombudsman; Commissions of Enquiry. Prevention of corruption Act, 1947 The Antulay Case Select Bibliography Upendra Baxi, The Crisis of the Indian Legal System (1982) Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, Upendra Baxi (ed.), Law and Poverty: Essays (1988) Upendra Baxi, Liberty and Corruption: The Antulay Case and Beyond (1989) Surendranath Dwivedi and G.S. Bbargava, Political Corruption in India (1967) AR. Desai (ed.) Violation of democratic Rights in India (1986) A. G. Noorani, Minister‘s Misconduct (1974) B.B. Pande, ‗The Natrire and Dimensions of Privileged Class Deviance‖ in The Other Side of Development 136 (1987; KS. Shukla ed.). Indira Rotherm und, ―Patterns of Trade Union Leadership in Dhanbad Coal fields 23 J.I.L.I (1981).

PAPER – V COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE Objectives of the course This is a crucial area of Indian development with which traditional, western, criminology is not overly preoccupied. Collective political violence (CPV) is the order of the day, whether it is agrarian (feudal) violence, or it is atrocities against untouchables, communal riots, electoral violence, police violence (encounters), political violence by militant and extremist groups, gender-based violence or violence involved in mercenary terrorism and its containment. It is not very helpful in such contexts, to mouth the generalities such as criminalization‘ or lumpenization‘ of Indian politics. Closer scientific investigation of these phenomena is crucial, which should help us understand both the aetiology and the prognosis of CPV. Instead of political analysis the course should focus on a broader social understanding of the political economy of law in India. Each specific form of violence will be examined with a view to identifying the course of its evolution, the state-law response policies of management of sanctions, compensation and rehabilitation of victims of violence, social and political costs. The growth of police and paramilitary forces will also, in this context, be an object of study. Primary materials here will be governmental and citizen investigative reports. The emphasis of the course will be on fashioning overall democratic understanding and responses to meet this problem. Syllabus Unit - I Notions and their understanding. Notions of force, coercion, violence. Distinctions between ― symbolic, institutionalized and structural violenceLegal order as a coercive normative order; Force-monopoly of modern Law. Constitutional and Criminal speech; speech as incitement to violence Collective political violence and legal order; Notion of legal and extra legal repression Unit - II Approaches to violence in India. Religious by sanctioned structural violence : caste and gender based Ahimsa in Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, Christian and Islamic traditions in India; Gandhiji‘s approach to non- violence. Discourse on political violence and terrorism during colonial struggle Attitudes towards legal order as possessed of legitimate monopoly over violence during the colonial period. Unit - III

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Agrarian violence and Repression. The nature and scope of agrarian violence. Colonial Legal order as a causative factor of collective political (agrarian)violence. The Telangana struggle and the legal order The Report of the Indian Human Rights Commission on Arwal Massacre Unit - IV Communal violence and violence against the scheduled castes. Communal violence : Incidence and courses Role of police and Para military systems in dealing with communal violence; operation of criminal justice system in relation to communal violence. Findings of various commissions of enquiry Unit - V Violence against the scheduled castes, Notion of Atrocities, Incidence of Atrocities; uses of criminal law to combat atrocities or contain aftermath of Atrocities; violence against women. Select Bibliography U. Baxi, ―Dissent, Development and Violence in R. Meagher (ed.) Law and Social Change: mdc- American Reflections 92 (1988) U. Baxi (ed), Law and Poverty: Critical Essays, (1988) AR. Desai, (ed.) Peasant Struggles in India, (1979) A.R. Desai, Agrarian Struggles in India: After Independence (1986) A.R. Desai, Violation of democratic Rights in India (1986) D.A. Dhangare, Peasant Movement in India: 1920-1950 (1983) Ranjit Guha, Element any Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India (1983) Ranjit Guba. (ed, ) Subaltern Studies Vol. 1-6 (1983-1 988) T. Honde rich, Violence for Equality (1980) Mark Juergensmeyer, The Logic of Religious Violence: The Case of Punjab 22 Contributions tc Indian Sociology 65 (1988) Rajni Kothari, State Against Democracy (1987) G. Shah, Ethnic Minorities and Nation Building: Indian Experience (1984) K.S. Shukia, ‗Sociology of Deviant Behaviour, in 3 ICSSR Survey of Sociology and Socia Anthropology 1969-1979 (1986).

BRANCH – III BUSINESS LAW PAPER – I LAW OF INDUSTRIAL AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Objectives of the course The concept of intellectual property rights as developed in India cannot be divorced from the developments in the international arena as well as in the nation to nation relations. The impact of IPR regime on the economic front is emphasized in this paper. In particular, greater attention would be given here to the law relating to unfair and restrictive trade practices as affecting the regime of intellectual property rights. New areas of development, especially plant patenting and patenting of new forms of life should receive special attention. Evidentiary aspects of infringement and human right dimensions of the regime of intellectual property law will also be addressed. Unit - I IPR and International Perspective. Trademarks and Consumer Protection (Study of UNCTAD report on the subject) Unit - II The Legal Regime of Unfair Trade Practices and of Intellectual Industrial Property. United Nation approaches (UNCTAD, UNCITRAL) EEC approaches Position in U.S. The Indian Situation Special Problems of the Status of Computer Software in Copyright and Patent Law: A Comparative Study. Unit - III Biotechnology Patents : Nature and type of biotechnology patents Patent over new forms of life : TRIPS obligations Plant patenting Sui generis protection for plant varieties Multinational ownership Regulation of environment and health hazards in biotechnology patents Indian policy and position. Patent Search, Examination and Records : International and global patent information retrieval systems

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(European Patent Treaty) Patent Co-operation Treaty (PCT) Differences in resources for patent examination between developed and developing societies The Indian situation Unit - IV Special Problems of Proof of Infringement Status of intellectual property in transit – TRIPS obligation- Indian Position The evidentiary problems in action of passing off. The proof of non anticipation, novelty in inventions protected by patent law Evidentiary problems in piracy: TRIPS obligation – reversal of burden of proof in process patent. Need and Scope of Law Reforms. Unit - V Intellectual Property and Human Rights. Freedom of speech and expression as the basis of the regime of intellectual property right copyright protection on internet – WCT (WIPO copyright Treaty, 1996) Legal status of hazardous research protected by the regime of intellectual property law. Human right of the impoverished masses intellectual property protection of new products for healthcare and food security Traditional knowledge – protection-biodiversity convention- right of indigenous people. Select Bibliography Special attention should be given to literature of the UN system, WIPO and the UNESCO Terenee P. Stewart (ed.) The GATT Uruguay Round: A Negotiating History (1986-1994) the End game (Part – I) (1999) Kluwer Iver P. Cooper Biotechnology and Law, (1998) Clerk Boardman Callaghan, NEW York David Bainbridge, Software Copyright Law (1999) Butterworth Sookman, Computer Law (1998) Carswell W.R. Cornish, Intellectual property Law (1999) Sweet and Maxwell

PAPER - II LEGAL REGULATION OF ECONOMIC ENTERPRISES INCLUDING EXPORT AND IMPORT REGULATION Objectives of the course: After independence we have placed greater emphasis on the growth of our economy. The focus is on growth, both in public and private sectors, so as to cope up with the problems of population explosion. We have found that there is now almost a circle from laissez faire to welfare state and again back to laissez faire. Adoption of the concept of global economy in the presence of the socialistic perspectives in the Constitution presents a dilemma. The trends of liberalization starting in the early nineties and continuing to this day bring a shift in focus of regulation in diverse fields of economic activities. The need for accelerating the export trade of India‘s developing economy can hardly be over emphasized. Export earnings enable a developing country to finance its massive requirements of growth, to maintain its essential imports and thereby stimulate the process of its economic developments. In the words of Prof. V.K. R.V. Rao: ―In fact, expansion of exports may well be described as an integral part of the development process, neglect of which can only be at the peril of development itself‘. Increasing exports have been necessitated to meet the growing needs of defence. India is a country rich in natural resources. One of the approaches to combat its economic backwardness could be in large- scale production and in maximization of its exports. Import and export of goods and raw materials is a complex, complicated and intricate activity, It involves elaborate economic, fiscal, budgetary and monetary policy considerations. Export and Import control policy is also closely connected with country‘s balance of payment position. The detailed procedures for imports and exports are provided in the Hand Book. The Union Government used to declare its import and export policy for a three-year period. At present they declare the policy for five years. The controls on exports and imports are closely connected with the Foreign Trade Regulation Act 1992. Unit - I The Rationale of Government Regulation: Constitutional Perspectives, The New economic policy – Industrial policy resolutions, declarations and statements, the place of public, small scale, co operative,

139 corporate, private and joint sectors in the changing context, Regulation of economic activities, Disclosure of information, Fairness in competition, Emphasis on consumerism. Development and Regulation of Industries Take over of Management and Control of industrial Units, Sick Undertakings : Nationalization or Winding up, Licensing Policy and Legal Process – Growing Trends of Liberalization , Deregulation of essential commodities : developmental sign or a social mishap, Financial Services : Changing Techniques of Regulation Unit – II Critical Issues Regarding the Capital Issues: Equity and debt finance; global, depositories and de materialized securities. Problems of Control and Accountability: Regulation of Hazardous Activity: Mass disaster and environmental degradation: legal liability and legal remedies; Public Liability Insurance: adequacy; Issues in zoning and location of industrial units. Unit - III Legal Regulation of Multi Nationals. Collaboration agreements for technology transferDevelopment and regulation of foreign investments Investment in India : FDIs and NRIs Investment abroad State Control over import and Export of goods from rigidity to liberalization. Impact of regulation of economy. Unit - IV The Basic Needs of Export and Import Trade Goods Services Transportation International Regime WTO agreement WTO and tariff restrictions WTO and non-tariff restrictions Investment and transfer of technology Quota restriction and anti dumping Permissible regulations Quarantine regulation Dumping of discarded technology and goods in international market Reduction of subsidies and counter measures. Unit - V General Law on Control of Imports and Exports General Scheme Legislative Control Power of Control : Central Government and RBI Foreign Trade Development and Regulation Act 1992 Restriction under Custom Law Prohibition and penalties Export – Import formulation : guiding features Control under FEMA Foreign Exchange and currency Import of goods Export promotion councils Export oriented Units and Export processing zones. Select Bibliography 1. Government of India, Handbook of Import Export Procedures, (Refer to the latest edition) Government of India Import and Export Policy (1997 -2002) 2. The Students should consult the relevant volumes of the Annual Survey of Indian Law, Published by the Indian law Institute, New Delhi. 3. Foreign Trade Development and Regulation Act 1992 and Rules 4. Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 5. Marine Products Export Development Authority Act 1972 6. Customs Manual (Latest edition) 7. Final Treaty of GATT, 1994. PAPER - III BANKING LAW Objectives of the course

A vitally important economic institution the banking system is deeply influenced by socio-political and economic changes. The emerging changes in India, particularly after the initiation of the planning process as an instrument of rapid economic development had moulded and affected the banking structure, policies, patterns and practices. A significant development in the banking system is diversification in banks financing. The commercial banks entered ‗into the field of wide ranging financial assistance to industry, both large and small scale, requiring the need for social control of the banking system eventually leading to the nationalization of banks. The conventional banking system, found to be deficient for planned developmental purposes, paved the way for developmental banking. The fag end of the last millennium witnesses influx of foreign banking companies into India and a shift in the banking policy as part of the global phenomenon of liberalization. The legal system is adopting itself into the new mores. This course is designed to acquaint the students with the conceptual and operational parameters of

140 banking law, the judicial interpretation and the new and emerging dimensions of the banking system. Unit - I Introduction. Nature and development of banking. History of banking in India and elsewhere – indigenous banking- evolution of banking in India – different kinds of banks and their functions. Multi-functional banks – growth and legal issues. Law Relating to banking Companies in India and Recent Trendsa. Controls by government and its agencies : On management, On accounts and audit, Lending, Credit Policy, Reconstruction and reorganization, Suspension and winding up, Contract between banker and customer : their rights and duties Unit - II Recent Trends of Banking System in India New technology Information technology Automation and legal aspects Automatic teller machine and use of internet Smart Card Use of expert system Credit Cards Social Control over banking Nationalization Evaluation : private ownership, nationalization and disinvestment Protection of depositors Priority lending Promotion under privileged classes Unit - III The Central Bank Evolution of Central Bank Characteristics and functions Economic and social objectives The Central Bank and the State – as bankers bank The Reserve Bank of India as the Central Bank : Organizational structure, Function of the RBI Regulation of monitory mechanism of the economy, Credit Control, Exchange control, Monopoly of currency issue, Bank rate policy formulation, Control of RBI over non banking companies, financial companies, Non financial companies Unit - IV Relationship of Banker and Customer Legal character Contract between banker and customer Banker‘s lien Protection of bankers Customers : Nature and type of account, Special classes of customers – lunatics, minor, partnership, corporations, local authorities Banking duty to customers Consumer protection : banking as service Negotiable Instruments Meaning and kinds Transfer and negotiations Holder and holder in due course Presentment and payment. Liabilities of parties Unit - V Lending by Bank Good lending principles Lending to poor masses Securities for advances. Kinds and their merits and demerits Repayment of loans : rate of interest, protection against penalty Default and recovery Debt recovery tribunal Reforms in Indian Banking Law Recommendations of committees: A review. Select Bibliography Ross Cranston, Principles of Banking Law (1997) Oxford. L.C. Goyle, The Law of Banking and Bankers (1995) Eastern M.L. Tannan, Tannan‘s Banking Law and Practice in India (1997) India Law House, New Delhi, 2 volumes K.C. Shekhar, Banking Theoi‘y and Practice (1998) UBS Publisher Distributors Ltd. New Delhi. M. Dassesse, S. saacs and G. Pen, E.C. Banking Law, (1994) Lloyds of London Press, London V. Conti and Hamaul (eds.), Financial Markets Liberalization and the Role of Banks‘, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, (1993). J. Dermine (ed.), European Banking in the 1990s‘(1993) Blackwell, Oxford. C. Goodhart, The Central Bank and the Financial System (1 995) Macmillan, London S. Chapman, The Rise of Merchant Banking (1984) Allen Unwin, London K. Subrahmanyan, Banking Reforms am india (1997) Tata Maigraw Hill, New Delhi. Subodh Markandeya and Chitra Markandeye, Law Relating to Foreign Trade in India; Being a Commentary on the Foreign Trade, (Development and Regulation) Act 1992, Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. Delhi. R.S. Narayana, The Recovery of Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (51 of 1993), Asia Law House, Hyderabad. M.A. Mir, The Law Relating to Bank Guarantee in India (1992), Metropolitan Book, New Delhi. Anthony Pierce, Demand Guarantees in International Trade (1993) Sweet & Maxwell, Ross Cranston (ed.) European Banking Law; The Banker-Customer Relationship (1999) LLP, London Mitra, The Law Relating to Bankers‘ Letters of Credit and Allied Laws, (1998) University Book Agency,

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Allahabad. R.K. Talwar, Report of Working Group on Customer Service in Banks Janakiraman Committee Report on Securities Operation of Banks and Financial Institution (1993) Narasimharn Committee report on the Financial System (1991)- Second Report (1999).

PAPER - IV INSURANCE LAW As early as in 1601 one finds an excellent exposition of the insurance idea expressed in these words of an Act of British Parliament the loss lightest rather easily, upon many than heavily upon few. The insured person transfers from his own shoulders to the insurers, who, in return for agreeing to assume a potential risk of loss receive a payment known as premium, The insurers rely on the probability that only some of the losses, they insure against will in fact occur within any given period. They calculate, therefore, that they will be left with a profit. The insurer, on the other hand, is better able to risk his capital in trade since he knows that certain events which he cannot control, such as fire, shipwreck, will not cause him to lose his investment. The insurance idea is an old-institution of transactional trade. The age old form of insurance was the marine insurance. There is nothing like disaster to set men‘s minds to work. Consequently, in due course of time fire and life insurance, made their appearance. Within the last hundred years the insurance principle is being extended wider. Today one finds insurance cover for accidents, motor vehicles, glass, live stock, crop, burglary and various other disasters. Insurance is a device not to avert risks, calamities and disasters; but to mitigate their rigours and. financial losses. The function of insurance is to spread such loss arising from risks of life over a large number of persons The Operational framework of insurance idea is provided by the general principles of contract. The insurance policy, being a contract, is subject to all the judicial interpretative techniques. Besides, the insurance idea has a compensatory justice component. This brings it in the arena of the law of tort as well. It is even suggested that a fully grown and developed law of insurance may, if not totally displace, decrease the significance of the law of tort. This course is designed to acquaint the students with the conceptual and operational parameters of insurance law in the context of the development of the general principles of law and judicial interpretation to inform the students about the use of law for the establishment of just order in insurance and to develop the appreciative and evaluative faculties of the students. Unit - I Introduction. Nature of insurance contract, various kinds of insurance, proposal, policy, parties, consideration, need for utmost good faith, insurable interest, indemnity. Insurance policy, law of contract and law of torts- future of insurance: need, importance and place of insurance. Constitutional perspective – The entries 24, 25, 29, 30, 47 of List 1 Union List; 23, 24 of List III General Principles of Law of Insurance Definition, nature and history The rise – commencement, attachment and duration Assignment and alteration Settlement of claim and subrogation Effect of war upon policies . Indian Insurance Law : General History and development The Insurance Act 1938 and the Insurance Regulatory Authority Act 2000 Mutual insurance companies and cooperative life insurance societies Double Insurance and re insurance Unit - II Life Insurance Nature and scope Event insured against life insurance contract Circumstances affecting the risk Amounts recoverable under life policy Persons entitled to payment Settlement of claim and payment of money Unit - III Marine Insurance Nature and Scope Classification of Marine policies The Marine Insurance Act, 1963 Marine Insurance Insurable interest, insurable value Marine insurance policy – condition-express warranties construction of terms of policy Voyage-deviation Perils of the sea Assignment of policy

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Partial laws of ship and of freight, salvage, general average, particular charges Return of premium Unit - IV Insurance Against Accidents The Fatal Accident Act, 1855 Object and reasons Assessment of compensation Contributory negligence Apportionment of compensation and liability The personal Injuries (compensation Insurance ) Act 1963 Compensation payable under the Act Compensation insurance scheme under the Act-Compulsory insurance Unit - V Insurance Against Third Party Risks The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 Nature and Scope Effect of insolvency or death on claims of insolvency and death of parties, certificate of insurance. Claims tribunal : constitution, function, application for compensation, procedure, powers and awardLiability Insurance Nature and kinds of such insurance. Public liability insurance. Professional negligence insurance Miscellaneous Insurance Schemes : New Dimensions Group life insurance. Mediclaim, sickness insurance Select Bibliography John Hanson and Christopals Henly, All Risks Property Insurance (1999), LLP Asia, Hongkong. Peter Mac Donald Eggers and Patric Foss, Good Faith and Insurance Contracts (1998) LLP Asia, Hongkong Banerjee, Law of Insurance (1994), Asia Law House, Hyderabad. Mitra B.C, Law Relating to Marine Insurance (1997) Asia Law House, Hyderabad JOB Gilmar and Mustifl, Arnold on the Law of Marine Insurance, (1981), Sweet & Maxwell Birds, Modern Insurance Law (1997) Sweet & Maxwell Colinvaux‘s Law of Insurance (1997), Sweet & Maxwell OMary on Marine Insurance (1993), Sweet & Maxwell. International Labour Office, Administration Practice of social Insurance (1985) ER. Hardy Ivamy, General Principles of insurance Law (1979) Edwin W. Patterson, Cases and Materials on Law of insurance (1955) M. N. Sreenivasan Law and the Life Insurance Contract (1914)

PAPER – V CORPORATE FINANCE Industrialization has played, and has to play, a very vital role in the economic development of India. In the post independent era, industrial development is regarded, and hence employed, as principal means in the strategy for achieving the goal of economic and social justice envisioned in the Constitution. Corporations, both public and private, are viewed as a powerful instrument for development. In a developing society like India enormous varieties of consumer goods are manufactured or produced. Obviously, the situation raises the issues of procuring, utilising and managing the finances. For this purpose a science of financial management techniques has been evolved. The faculties of commerce, business and management studies have since last decades started to impart instruction so as to turn out sufficiently well equipped and adequately trained financial personnel. However, the legal and juristic aspects of corporate finance have been more or less not effectively taken care of. In view of the above perspectives the broad objectives of this cause may be formulated as follows : (i) To understand the economic and legal dimensions of corporate finance in the process of industrial development in establishing social order in the context of constitutional values (ii) To acquaint the students with the normative, philosophical and economic contours of various statutory rules relating to corporate finance (iii) To acquaint the students with the organization, functions, lending, arid recovery procedures, conditions of lending and accountability of international, national and state financing institutions and also of commercial banks and (iv) To acquaint the students with the process of the flow and outflow of corporate finance. Unit - I Introduction. Meaning, importance and scope of corporate finance. Capital needs-capitalization working capital-securities borrowings- deposits debentures. Objectives of corporation finance-profit maximization and wealth maximization. Constitutional perspectives- the entries 37, 38, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 52, 82, 85 and 86 of

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List 1 Union List entry 24 of List 11- State List Unit - II Equity Finance Share Capital Prospectus information disclosure Issues and allotment Shares without monetary consideration Non-opting equity share Debt Finance Debentures Nature, issue and class Deposits and acceptance Creation or charges Fixed and floating charges Mortgages Convertible debentures Unit - III Conservation of Corporate Finance Regulation by disclosure Control on payment of dividends Managerial remuneration Payment of commissions and brokerage Inter corporate loans and investments. pay back of share other corporate spending Unit - IV Protection of creditors. Need for creditor protection. Preference in payment. Rights in making company decisions affecting creditors interests. Creditors self protection. Incorporation of favorable terms in lending contracts. Right to nominate directors. Control over corporate spending. Protection of Investors. Individual share holder right. Corporate membership right. Derivative actions. Qualified membership right Conversion, consolidation and re organizations of shares. Transfer, and transmission of securities. Dematerialization of securities Unit - V Administrative Regulation on Corporate Finance. Inspection of accounts. SEBI. Central government control. Control of registrar of companies. RBI control Select Bibliography Alastair Hundson, The Law on Financial Derivatives (1998), Sweet & Maxwell ElI‘s Ferran, Company Law and Corporate FThance (1999), Oxford. Jonathan Charkham, Fair shares: the Future of Shareholder Power and Responsibility (1999), Oxford. Ramaiya A, Guide to the Companies Act (1998), Vol. I, II and Ill. H.A.J. Ford and A.P. Austen, Fords‘ principle of Corporations Law (1999) Butterworths. J.H. Farrar and B.M. Han niyan, Farrar‘s company Law (1998) Butterworths Austen R.P., The Law of Public Company Finance (1986) LBC R.M. Goode, Legal Problems of Credit and Security (1988) Sweet and Maxwell Altman and Subrahmanyan, Recent Advnces in Corporate Finance (1985) LBC Gilbert Harold, Corporation Finance (1956) Henry E. Hoagland, Corporation Finance (1947) Maryin M. Kristein, Corporate Finance (1975) R.C. Osborn, Corporation Finance (1959) S.C. Kuchhal Corporation finance: Principles and Problems (6th ed. 1966) V.G. Kulkami, Corporate Finance (1961) Y.D. Kulshreshta, Government Regulation of Financial management of Private Corporate Sector in India (1986) Journals - Journal of Indian Law Institute, Journal of Business Law, Chartered Secretary, Company Law Journal, Law and Contemporary Problems. Statutory Materials - Companies Act and laws relating SEBI, depositories, industrial financing and information technology.

BRANCH – IV HUMAN RIGHTS LAW Objectives of the course Protection of Human Rights (HR) became an important issue after the Second World War and after the acceptance of Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The growth of HR Law and jurisprudence thereafter was spontaneous and continuous. The changes in the global scenario bring new concept of HR protection against violation. In one sense, HR can be said as the rights which the nature has endowed with human beings. However, they are not mere privileges given to the subjects by the ruler but are liberties permitted to the citizens in a democracy. Manifestly a law that violates human rights is no law at all. Probably

144 this perspective may give an impression that human rights are not different from natural rights envisaged by the natural law school. Although Indian polity waited for more than one score and five years for adoption of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution, it is beyond doubt that every human being has responsibilities and obligation not only towards the other fellow beings, but also towards the society at large. Only when a society is aware of this right-duty relationship can there be any meaning to human rights. This course is intended to highlight the concept of human rights, their evolution and their importance in our society now particularly in the era of privatisation, globalisation and liberalisation.

PAPER – I CONCEPT AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Unit – I Human Rights : Concept. Human Rights Meaning and Nature. Human rights in Indian tradition : ancient, medieval and modern. Human rights in western tradition. Development of natural rights. Human Rights in international law and national law Unit – II Classification of Human Rights – First, Second and Third Generations : Historical Development Unit – III: Human Rights : Politics and Society. Colonization, imperialism and human rights. Power, practices, accountability and transparency. Globalization and Human Rights Perspective. Human duties : responsibilities and obligations. Unit – IV: Human Rights and Judicial Process: Judicial Activism Unit – V Human Rights Protection Agencies. Select Bibliography Angela Hegarty, Siobhan Leonard, Human Rights an Agenda for the 21st Century (1999) Lalit Parmer, Human Rights, (1998). Rama Jois, Human Rights: Bharatiya Values, (1998). David P. Forsythe, Human Rights in International Relations. Lon L. Fuller, The Morality of Law John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights, (1980). Julius Stone, Human Law and Human Justice, (2000), Universal, New Delhi. M.G.Chitkara, Human Rights: Commitment and Betrayal, (1996). V.D. Kulshreshtra, Landmarks in the Indian Legal and Constitutional History, (1995) Robert Lewngat, The Classical Law of India (1998), Oxford.

PAPER – II HUMAN RIGHTS IN INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE Objectives of the course Human rights have universal application. They gathered importance when the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. The role of international organizations in promoting awareness of human rights is very significant. The international conventions, though not binding, have persuasive force since the violations will be decried by the international community. International Non- Governmental Organizations watch and monitor human rights violations in every country. However, in the absence of national legislation, the enforcement of the rights will be difficult. Unit - I Development of the Concept of Human Rights Under International Law. Role of International Organization and Human Rights. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) Unit – II Covenant of Political and Civil Rights (1966). Covenant of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966). ILO and other conventions and protocols dealing with human rights. Unit - III Role of Regional Organizations. European Convention of Human Rights. European Commission on Human Rights/Court of Human Rights. American Convention on Human Rights. African Convention of Human Rights. Other Regional Conventions. Unit – IV: Protection agencies and mechanisms. International Commission of Human Rights. African

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Commission on Human and Peoples Rights. Amnesty International. Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Unit - V U.N. Division of Human Rights. International Labour Organization. UNESCO. UNICEF Voluntary Organizations. National and State Human Rights Commissions Select Bibliography Benedetto Conforti and Francesco Francioni, Enforcing International Human Rights in Domestic Courts, (1997). Francisco Forrest Martin. International Human Rights Law and Practice, (1997). Luck Clements, European Human Riohts Taking a Case under the Convention, (1994). Evelyn A. Ankumah, The African Commission on Human Rights and People‘s Rights, (1996). R.K.Sinha, Human Rights of the World,(1997). Philip Alston, The United Nations and Human Rights A Critical Appraisal, (1992). R.S.Sharma and R.K.Sinha, Perspectives in Human Rights Development, (1997). The Human Rights Watch Global Report on Women‘s Human Rights, (2000), Oxford. B.P.Singh Seghal, Human Rights in India, (1996). Chandan Bala, International Court of Justice: Its Functioning and Settlement of International Disputes, (1997).

PAPER - III HUMAN RIGHTS: ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM Objectives of the course A reading of fundamental rights and duties in the Constitution of India reveals that they constitute the human rights charter in India. The judiciary, the major protective and enforcement machinery is very active in protecting human rights. Judicial activism in this field has added new dimensions to human rights jurisprudence. There are a number of cases where courts apply the provisions of the international conventions to fill the gaps in legislation. The apex court has also ventured to apply international convention even where there was no legislation in the area. Thus the judiciary has been directly implementing international conventions at the national level. This course aims at familiarizing students with the judicial activism in protecting human rights and enables them to evaluate the adequacy of the methods of enforcement. Unit - I i. History and development of Human Rights in Indian Constitution. Constitutional Philosophy – Preamble. Fundamental Rights : History of inclusion of fundamental rights in the constitution of India and their development afterwards. Directive Principles of State Policy : History of inclusion of directive principles of state policy and their development afterwards. Fundamental Duties Unit – II Judicial activism and Development of Human Rights Jurisprudence Unit – III: Enforcement of Human Rights. Formal enforcement mechanisms. Role of Supreme Court. Role of High Courts Unit – IV Role of Civil and Criminal Courts. Role of NHRC and State Human Rights. Commissions Statutory TribunalsSpecial Courts Unit – V: .Implementation of International Human Rights norms and standards in Indian domestic law. Select Bibliography D.D.Basu, Human Rights in Indian Constitutional Law, (1994). Vijay Chitnis,(et.al.). Human Rights and the Law. National and Global Perspectives, (1997). B.P.Singh Seghal, Law, Judiciary and Justice in India, (1993). James Vadakkumchery, Human Rights and the Politics in India, (1996). D.R.Saxena, Tribals and the Law, (1997). Poornima Advani, Indian Judiciaty: A Tribute, (1997). Justice Venkataramiah, Human Rights in the Changing World, (1998) Paramjit S.Jaiswal and Neshtha Jaiswal, Human Rights and the Law, (1996).

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PAPER – IV HUMAN RIGHTS OF DISADVANTAGED GROUPS: WOMEN, CHILDREN, ELDERLY PERSONS AND REFUGEE Objectives of the course Human rights are the rights of all human beings. Violation of these rights is human rights violations. Due to frequent violations to particular groups in disadvantageous positions, new categories of human rights have emerged. These groups are of people such as women, children, prisoners and dalits. Violation of human rights of these groups is of great concern of every nation today. The officials of the state like the police force commit such violations. This is only an illustration. There are several other categories of violations. The two world wars had had enough of lessons to teach. But the present scenario shows that the nations have not learnt any lesson wars continue to be there. The International Humanitarian Law aims at humanizing war though war itself is inhuman. Human rights do have value only in peace time. War is the negation of all human rights. Though the United Nations Charter does not permit war, it has shown the wisdom to regulate the war if one occurs. War is one of the factors which create the problem of refugees. There have been some endeavors on the part of the international community to protect the interests of refugees. But due to political interference, the formulation of the definition of the term ‗refugee‘ in the ‗Convention relating to the status of refugees‘ has been such that it helps the developed countries to shirk the responsibility towards the refugees leaving the burden to the developing countries. This course intends to equip the students with the awareness of the various problems of refugees and to inspire them to critically evaluate the international conventions and national legislation Syllabus Unit - I Concept of Disadvantaged Groups, Emerging Human Rights Jurisprudence and the Role of the Judiciary. Right of Women, Rights of the Child, Rights of Elderly Persons, Rights of Prisoners Unit - II Rights of dalits. The tribal and other indigenous people. The mentally ill. The stateless persons. The unorganized labour. Aids victims. Rights of minorities Unit – III: Enforcement of Human Rights. a. Protection Laws of the Disadvantaged Groups: Problems and Issues. Future Perspectives of the Human Rights of the Disadvantaged. Unit - IV The Concept of refugee. Definition of refugee and displaced persons – their problems. The UN Relief and Rehabilitation Administration and other International Refugee organizations: international protection. Protection under national laws. Unit – V Strategies to combat refugee problem. Repatriation, resettlement local integration and rehabilitation. UNHCR- Role. UNHCR and India Select Bibliography G.S Bhargava and R.M.PaI, Human Rights of Dalit Societal Violation, (1999). Geraldine Van Bueren, The International Law on the Rights of the Child, (1998). Prabhat Chandra Tripathi, Crime Against Working Women, (1998). Paras Diwan and Piyush Diwan, Women and Legal Protection Philip Aiston (et.aI.), Children, Rights and the Law. Kelly D. Askin, Dorean M. Koening, Women and International Human Rights Law, (1999). N.K.Chadrabarti, Juvenile Justice in the Administration of Criminal Justice, (1999). Rebecca Wallace, International Human Rights, Text and Materials, (1997). Janaki Nair, Women and Law in Colonial India, (1996). Simon Creighton, Vicky King, Prisons and the Law, (1996). B.S.Chimni, International Refugee Law, (2000). Jean Yves Calier, Who is a Refugee A Comparative Case Law Study, (1997) Kelly Dawn Askin, War Crimes Against Women, (1997). M.K.Balachandran, Rose Varghese, Introduction to International Humanitarian Law, (1997). Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law, (1996).

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PAPER – V SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN RIGHTS Objectives of the course We live in an era of scientific development. The alarming rate of development in biotechnology calls for drastic change in the law. Many concepts and terms have to be re-defined. The development in information technology poses serious problems and challenges the rapid changes made by science and technology will have to be reflected in law to make it meaningful and realistic in the modern era. This course is intended to make students conscious of various legal problems arising due to developments in such areas as biotechnology and information technology and to identify the changes needed in the law.

Unit – I (1) Interrelationship of Science, Technology and Human Rights. (2) Implication of Development of Science and Technology on Human Rights. (3)Rights to environment in the development of science and technology (4) Right to development in the advancement of science and technology (5) Right to human health and impact of developments in medical sciences. Unit – II: Medicine and the Law (a) Organ transplantation (b) Experimentation on human beings (c) Euthanasia (mercy killing) (d) Gene therapy Unit – III: Issues of Human Rights Ethics in Scientific and Technological Development (a) Sex determination test(b) Induced abortion (c) Reproductive technology (d) Cloning (e) Invitro fertilization (f) Artificial insemination (g) Surrogate motherhood Unit – IV: Development in information Technology and Human Rights Unit – V: Impact of Scientific and Technological Progress on Human Rights: Normative Response of the International Community (a) Right to life (b) Right to privacy (c)Right to physical integrity (d)Right to information (e)Right to benefit from scientific and technological progress (f) Right to adequate standard of living Select Bibliography Levin L., Human Rights, (1982) Gromley W.P., Human Rights and Environment, (1976) Madhavtirtha, Human Rights, (1953) Beddard H., Human Rights and Europe, (1980) Swarup J., Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, (1975) Nagendra Singh, Human Rights and International Cooperation. (1969) Kashyap, S.C., Human Rights and Parliament, (1978) Khare S.C., Human Rights and United Nations, (1977). Moskowitz. Human Rights and World Order, (1958) Drost, Human Rights as Legal Rights, (1965) Garling M., Human Rights Handbook, (1979) Andrews J.A., Human Rights/n Criminal Procedure, (1982) Kalaiah A.B., Human Rights in International Law, (1986) Menon, I. (ed.), Human Rights in International Law, (1985) Robertson, A.B. (ed.), Human Rights in National and International Law, (1970) Lauterpacht, E., International Law and Human Rights, (1968) Robertson, E., Human Rights/n the World, (1972) Sohn, Lonis & Burgenthal, International Protect/on of Human Rights, (1973) Baxi, U., ―Human Rights, Accountability and Development‖, Indian Journal of International Law, 279, (1978) Basu, D.D., Human Rights in Constitutional Law, (1994) Macfarlane, L.J., The Theory and Practice of Human Rights, (1985) Krishna Iyer, V.R., Human Rights - A Judge‘s Miscellany, (1995) Rama Jois, M., Human Rights: Bharatiya Values, (1998). ***

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5. POST-GRADUATE DIPLOMA COURSE IN LEGAL AND FORENSIC SCIENCE

Every candidate for the Diploma Course in Legal and Forensic Science shall be examined in the following six papers in theory and practical examination separately. The theory paper shall be of three hours duration and practical paper shall be of five hours (one day).

Paper I: Criminal Jurisprudence and Evidence Law Paper II: Identification of Individuals (a) Theory (b) Practical Paper III: Identification of Finger Prints (a) Theory (b) Practical Paper IV: Identification of Objects (a) Theory (b) Practical Paper V: Identification of Hand-writing (a) Theory (b) Practical Paper VI: Medical Jurisprudence and Forensic Science

A candidate who after having passed the examination of Bachelor of Law (LL.B) with at least 48% marks in the aggregate of M.Sc. or B.Sc. with at least 50% marks in the aggregate of this University or of any other Indian University recognized for the purpose by the syndicate shall be permitted to appear at the examination in the Diploma course in Legal and Forensic Science after having pursued a regular course of study in the university for one academic year. The Candidate shall be admitted as per following ratio: (a) For LL.B Students 60% seats (b) For M.Sc. Students 20% seats (c) For B.Sc. I Division 20% seats

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION For the Diploma Course in Legal and Forensic Sciences, candidates must obtain, for a pass, at least 40% marks in individual paper and 48% marks in aggregate. Of the successful candidates, those securing 60% of more marks in the aggregate shall be placed in the first division and the rest in the second division.

PAPER I CRIMINAL JURISPRUDENCE AND EVIDENCE LAW Max. Marks: 100 Min. Marks 40 Note: (i) The syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii) In order to ensure that students do not leave our important. Portions of the syllabus, examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I: The nature of crime, principles of criminal jurisprudence with special reference to Article 21 Current Causal Theories Relating to Criminal Behaviour; Common link and cohesion between Legal Professional and behavioural Scientists : Effectiveness of various alternative, Social and legal devices in controlling devint behave our handling of delinquents, including Juvenile, Approaches and Methods of Crime Detection, Social Rote and Police Behaviour. Unit II : Tactical and Practical application of Criminal Law techniques of trying criminal case investigation discovery and trial preparation F.I.R. its legal value investigation into cognizable and non- cognizable offences, inspection of the scene of occurrence and collection of material from the place of occurrence. Police Diaries and Registers. Unit III: Qualification of an expert, Admissibility of Expert evidence, Examination of Expert, Admissibility of non-Expert Evidence, Comparison of Admitted writings with the Disputed writings its Evidentiary value, Legality of Conviction based on Expert Evidence, Value and Credibility of Expert opinion Duty of Court to examine expert, onus of proof Expert as a witness.

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Unit IV: Fundamental Principles of Investigation, Powers Duties and Functions of Investigators, Police Personnel, Prevention of Crime, Preconceived Theories, Essential qualities of an investigator interrogation of witness and accused. Unit V: General Procedure in an Investigation, Investigation in Death cases. Investigation in sex offences. Apprehension of the Fugitive; Surveillance Interrogation, Techniques, Professional and Habitual offenders, racket investigations, International Crime - Interpol, Search and Seizure. Books Recommended:- Lucas : Forensic Chemisty and S Criminal Investigation. Mitchell, C, Aiasworth : The Scientific Detective and the Expert witness Mitchell, C. Aiaswoth : The Expert Witness. W.Teignmouth Shases : Crime and its Diction, Vols. I and II Hardless and Shrivastava : Case Law on Export Evidence Col. Maurice Fitzgcrad : Hand Book Of Criminal Investigation. Richard L Jackson : Criminal Investigation. Yadav : Police Investigation and Prosecution (Hindi) Babel B.L. Police Investigation (1984 Ed.) Hindi) Gupta, R.L. : Law Relation to Identification and Expert Opinion. Nath, Bholeshwar : Cases and Materials on Law of Evidence Keller : R.V. : Outlines of Criminal Procedure (1984 Ed.) Kenny : Outlines of Criminal Law Hall : Studies in Jurisprudence and Criminals Ratan Lal : Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 Ratan Lal : Indian Evidence Act. 1872 Krisk Paul L : Crime Investigation Hans Gross, John Adam and J. Collya Adam : Criminal Investigation. Ded, R L Criminology, Criminal Law and Investigation Harry Soderman : Modern Criminal Investigation.

PAPER II (A) THEORY INDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUALS Max. Marks : 80 Min. Marks : 40 Note : (i) The Syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii) In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus. Examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I : Identification of- Race, Sex, Age, Classification, Hair, Anthropometry, Foot Prints, dectylography, Scars, Tatoo,, Marks, Hand writing, Occupation Marks, Gait etc Unit II : Examination of body fluids and others to secure incrimination evidence from within the body of the accused such as: (a) A. Blood stain, B. Seminal stain, C. Vomit D. Urine, E. Stool, F. Saliva, G. C.S.F., (Ceribrospinal Fluid) (b) A. Skin, B. Hair C. Nail, Taking of photographs removing incrimination evidence from outside the body of the accused. Unit III : (A)Identification of Weapons and Firearm ammunitions in relation to injuries. Flooroscopic exmination of the body and extrection of foreign objects. (B) Salient features of injury report and post mortem report, Medical certificate. Unit IV: Examination to determine insanity A. Delusion B. Hallucination C. Elusion D. ImpulseE. Obsession F. Lucid internal G. Pain and true insanity H. Restraint of the insane I. Physiological and psychological test. Unit V : (a) Identification and salient features of common poisons. Preservation of Viscera and other material and The Identification of Prisoners Act. 1920 and the Prisoners Act. 1984 Book Recommended Gupta R.L. : Law Relating to Identification and Expert Evidence.

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Mitter : Law of Identification and Discovery Wilder, W.W. and Wenworth, B : Personal Identification Tripathi : Self-incrimination : Physical and Medical Examination of the Accused. Osterburg, James, N.:Crime Laboratory Harry Soderman : Modern Criminal Investigation Nigel Morlaud : An outline of Scientific Criminology Jhala, R.M. : Criminal Investigation and Medical Science

PAPER II (B) PRACTICAL Max. Marks : 20 Min. Marks : 08 Duration of Practical Examination 5 Hours (one day) The Candidate must pass in theory and practical examinations separately 1. Practical exercise and specimen from Unit I to Unit V of Paper II relation to Identification of Individuals 10 Marks 2. Practical Record book 05 Marks 3. Viva-Voce 05 Marks

PAPER III (A) THEORY IDENTIFICATION OF FINGER PRINTS Max. Marks : 80 Min. Mark : 32 Note : (i) The Syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii) In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus. examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I : History of Finger Prints. Ridge Formation - Ridge, Destruction, and Types of Finger print patterns-pattern inter pretation. Unit II: Ridge characteristics-Ridge counting, Ridge tracing. The Finger print outfit-Recording finger prints, and Functions of the Finger Print card-Special circumstances. Unit III: Latent Finger Print Crime Scene procedure. Primary Classification, Sub-Classification: Unlettered loop whorl Lettered Loop. Unit IV : Latent finger Print Combinations and approximating patterns, Preparing Finger Prints for court, and F.B.L. Examination to the Henry System Unit V : The Finger print witness in court case histories. Identification of Palm and Foot Print, and Bureau, Operation and records. Books Recommended : Collins, G.S. : Finger Print Clause (H.M.S.O.) Smith Henry : The Forgery of Finger Print, Transaction Medico Legal Society vol. XXIV Brewater, F : Finger Prints, Eastern Law House, Calcutta Chatterjee S.K. : Finger, Palm and sole Prints. Fidd Ania T. : Finger Print Hand Book Gregory R.A. : Identification of Disputed Documents Finger Prints and Bslistis (1960), Eastern Book Co. Luckow. Gatton, S : Finger Prints. Henry, E : Classification and Use of Finger Prints. Osterburg, James, W : Crime Laboratory Harry Soderman : Modern Criminal Investigation Nigel Morland : An Outline of Scientific Criminology ***

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PAPER III (B) PRACTICAL Max. Marks : 20 Min. Marks : 08 Duration of Practical Examination : 5 Hours (one day) The Candidate must pass in Theory and Practical Examinations separately. The distribution of marks for practical examination shall be as under : 1. Five practical exercises, one from each unit relating to Identification of Finger Print 10 Marks 2. Practical Record Work 05 Marks 3. Viva-Voce 05 Marks

PAPER IV (A) THEORY IDENTIFICATION OF OBJECTS Max. Marks: 80 Min. Marks 32 Note: (i) The Syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii) In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus. examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I: Identification of type writing, fiber identification paints, varnishes, glass, wood and paper identifications. Unit II: Identification of ballistics, dust, dirt, debris, ashes soil and powers. Unit III: Identification of liquids and chemicals, identification of poison, explosives, clothes, fire arms and bullets, weapons, tools, instruments and metals. Unit IV: Identification of Vehicular colour detection in accident cases, imprints on object other than fingers poison effects and death while lightening and electricity. Unit V: The Provisions of food Adulteration Act. 1954 the Arm Act. and the Fire Arms and Explosive Act. relating to identification of objects. Books Recommended : Gregory, R.A.: Identification of disputed documents. Finger Prints and Ballistks (1960), Eastern Book Co., Locknow. Ajyar : Law and Practice of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (1985 Ed.) Malik, Vijay : The Explosives Act. 1984 and Explosives Substance Act. 1908 Gupta, R.L. Law Relating to Identification and Expert opinion and Firearm injuries Osterdurg, James, K.S. : Crimc Laboratory Harry Soderman: Modern criminal Investigation Nigel Morland : An Outline of Scientific Criminology Firearms in Criminal Investigation and Trial

PAPER IV (B) PRACTICAL Max. Marks : 20 Min. Marks : 08 Duration of Practical Examination 5 Hours (one day) The candidate must pass in Theory and Practical Examination Separately. The distribution of marks for practical examination shall be as under: 1. Four practical exercises, one each from Unit I to IV paper IV relating to Identification of Objects. 10 Marks 2. Practical Record Work 05 Marks 3. Viva- Voce 05 Marks ***

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PAPER V (A) THEORY IDENTIFICATION OF HAND WRITING Max. Marks : 80 Min. Marks 32 Note : (i) The Syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii) In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus. Examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I: Languages and dialects of India Unit II: Standards of Comparison Identification of hand writing, wheaber a science, general characteristics of hand writing Unit III: Writing habits, comparison of different hand writings personal characteristics. Unit IV: Forgery, disguised writing different inks, additions alterations, erasures and sequence of strokes. Unit -V: Examination of documents including currency notes and valuable securities in doubt, past hand writing of accused hand writing by left and right hand comparison of different curves in present and past hand writing. Books Recommended: Smith Heniy : The Forgery of Finger Print-Transaction Gregory, R.A. : Identification of Disputed Documents, Finger Prints and Ballistics. Blackburn, D and Codel. C.W. : Detection of Forgery PAPER V (B) PRACTICAL Max. Marks : 20 Min. Marks : 08

Duration of Practical Examination 5 Hours (one day) The candidate must pass in theory and practical examination separately. The distribution of marks for practical examination shall be us under: (1) Five practical exercises, one for each unit relating to identification of Hand Writings. 10 Marks (2) Practical Record work. 05 Marks (3) Viva-Voce 05 Marks PAPER VI MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE Max. Marks: 100 Min. Pass Marks: 40

Note: (i) The Syllabus has been divided into units. Questions will be set from each unit with provision for internal choice. (ii)In order to ensure that students do not leave out important portions of the syllabus. Examiners shall be free to repeat the questions set in the previous examination. Unit I: Post mortem examination Examination of mutilated bodies. Examination of bones, and Exhumation. Unit II: Death - Definition, Modes Signs of death - Changes in eye Changes in skin Cooling of body, Post-Mortem staining Changes in muscles Purification Adepicare, and Mummification Unit III: Death from Asphyxia and other types : (a) Hanging (b) strangulation (c) Suffocation (d) Drowning (e) Starvation Unit IV: Injuries : Medico-legal Aspects of injuries, burns. Lightening, electricity and mechanical violence, Suicidal, Homicidal and Accidental injuries. Unit V: Virginity, Pregnancy Legitimacy, Sexual offences, examination of victim and accused. Sodomy - Examination of the active and passive agent. Miscarriage and Infanticide Child born alive and still born causes of infanticide, Law in relation to medical men, and Duties of physician, professional negligence and responsibility. Book Recommended Modi, N.J. : Modi's Medical Jurisprudence

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Taylor : Principles and practice of Medical Jurisprudence, Vol 1 & II Lyons : Medical Jurisprudence for India Jhala, R.M. and Raju, V.B. : Medical Jurisprudence. Singhal, L.J. : Forensic Medicines Dougals, J.A. Ken : Forensic Medicines Teigumouth E, Shore : Crime and its Detection, Vols, I and II Gradwel: Legal Medicine Millik, C.C. : Hand Book of Medical Jurisprudence. Prakh, C.K. : A Simplified Text Book of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology. ***

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6. DIPLOMA IN LABOUR LAW (ONE YEAR)

One Year Diploma Course In Labour Law, Labour Welfare And Personnel Management

Scheme of Examination:

For the diploma course in Labor Law, Labour welfare and personnel Management, candidates must obtain for a pass at least 40% marks in individual papers and 48% in the total aggregate of the successful candidates. Those securing 60% or more marks in the aggregate shall be placed in the first division and rest in the second division. Each paper shall carry 100 Marks. A candidate may offer dissertation in lieu of a paper the dissertation shall be of 100 Marks. It shall be submitted in triplicate by the candidate. It shall be the candidate's own work carried out under the guidance of a teacher who is recognized by the university to guide research of law in an institution, where candidate is pursuing his studies. The dissertation shall be submitted so as to reach the registrar not later than 30 days after the examination of Diploma is over.

S.No. Name of the Papers Marks Internal Maximum Marks Term End Duration exams Hours Min Max Min Max.

6. Industrial1 Relations and The Law 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) (40%) 7. Labour1 Welfare Legislations and 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) Industrial Sociology and Labour (40%) Welfare. Concept and Philosophy of Labour Welfare 8. Personnel1 Management And Industrial 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) Psychology (40%) 9. Personnel1 Management And Industrial 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) Psychology (40%) 10.Labour 1 Jurisprudence And The I.L.O. 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) (40%) 11.Labour Economics and Labour Statistics 3 20 8 80 32 (40%) And Organized and Un-Organized (40%) Labour Organisations Aggregate Passing Marks 50% Total 300/600

PAPER I INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND THE LAW Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

- Industrial Relations – Genesis, Concept and Emerging Patterns. - Parties to Industrial Relations - Trade Union Management - the state and their interactions. - Trade Unions - Concept, Growth and Structure with special reference to India, U.K.,

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U.S.A. and Russia - Position of Trade Union in India - Multiplicity of Trade Unions, Recognition of Trade Union, Trade Union movements, Central Trade Union. Organizations, Role and functions, Role of Trade Union in Modern Industrial Society of India. Trade Union Rivalry and Unfair Labour Practices. - Collective Bargaining in India - Meaning, Nature, scope. - Workers Participation in Management - Indian and Foreign experience. - Industrial Relation - Legislative and Judicial Perspectives. 1) The Indian Trade Union Act, 1926. 2) Industrial Disputes Act, 1948. 3) Industrial Employment (Standing Order) Act, 1946. Leading Cases: 1) R.S. Ruikar v. Emperor A.I.R. 1935 Nag. 149. 2) Jay Engineering Work Ltd. V. State of West Bengal A.I.R. 1968 Cal. 406. 3) Rohtas Industries v. Its. Union A.I.R. 1967 S.C. 425. 4) L.I.C. of India v. D.T. Bahadur 1981 I L.L.J. I (S.C.) 5) Balmer Lawrie Workers Union Bombay v. Balmer Lawrie & Co. Ltd. 1984 I. L.L. J. 314 (S.C.) 6) R.A. Sharma & Others v. Union of India. 1985 II L.L. J. 187 (S.C.

PAPER II LABOUR WELFARE LEGISLATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL SOCIOLOGY AND LABOUR WELFARE. CONCEPT AND PHILOSOPHY OF LABOUR WELFARE

Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

Theories of Labour welfare, Role of Labour Welfare: Officers, Role of Trade Unions Employers and the State in Labour Welfare, Labour Welfare and Environment Pollution. Labour Welfare in India Legislative and Judicial Perspectives. 1) The Factories Act, 1948. 2) The Mines Act, 1952. 3) Employment of Children Act, 1938. 4) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) 1970. 5) Inter-State Migrant workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act. 1979. Industrial Sociology: Meaning, Scope and Development, Industrialisation and Social Change and Social Problems of Industrial Relations. Leading Cases : 1) Alembic Chemical Works v. Its workman, A.I.R. 1961, S.C. 647. 2) V.P. Gopala Rao. v. Public Prosecutor A. P. A. I. R. 1970 S. C. 66. 3) Labour working in Salal Hydel Project v. State J.K. A. I. R.1983 S. C. 177. 4) Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra Dehradun v. State of U.P. A. I. R. 1985 S.C. 652. 5) Workmen of F.C. I. v F. C. I. A. I. R. 1985 S. C. 670.

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6) Mukesh Advani v. State of M. P. 1985 Vol XVIII A. I. R. S. R.309.

PAPER III WAGES AND SOCIAL SECURITY LEGISLATION

Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

- Genesis of West Regulation. - Concepts of Minium Fair, Living and Needbased Minimum Wages:Methods of Wage fixation, Wages Differentials Working of Wage Board. Standardization of Wages. Factors in Wage Determination. Dearness Allowance and Fringe Benefits, National Wage Policy-Protection of Wages. - Development of the concept of Bonus, issues and Perspectives. concepts of Profit- sharing. - Meaning of Special Security, Social-Assistance and Social Insurance, Social Security and Social Justice and main characteristics of Social Security system. - Meaning and Concept of Gratuity and Provident Fund. Legislation : 1) Minimum Wages Act, 1948. 2) Payment of Wage Act, 1936. 3) Payment of Bonus Act, 1965. 4) Equal Remuneration Act, 1976. 5) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923. 6) Employees State Insurance Act, 1948. 7) Employee Provident Fund Act, 1953. 8) Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. 9) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Leading Cases: 1) Express Newspaper Ltd. & others v. Union of India & others.A. I R. 1958 S. C. 578. 2) B. E. S. T. Undertaking Bombay v. Mrs. Agens A. I. R. 1964 S. C. 193. 3) Royal Talkies Hyderabad v. E.S.I. Corporation A. I. R. 1978 S. C. 19. 4) Air India v. Nargesh Meerza, A. I. R. 1981 S. C. 1830. 5) D. S. Nakara v. Union of India A. I. R. 1983 S. C. 130. 6) Saya Mills Ltd, v. Regional P. F. Commissioner. 1985 I.L.L.J. 238 (S. C.) N.B. The Students will be imparted teaching of latest case-Law of the Supreme Court of India and the various High Courts alongwith the Legislative changes and amendments from time to time.

PAPER IV PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

N.B. The question paper shall be divided into two parts i.e. Part I and II. The paper shall contain eight questions from Part I and two questions from part II. The Students shall be required to attempt at least one question from Part II.

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PART I- PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT - Concept of Personnel Management and Personnel Policies. - Man Power Planning, Recruitment, Selection, Training and Job Placement including Worker's Education as envisaged by the Central Board of Worker's Education. - Job Analysis and Evolution and Performance Appraisal. - Management of discipline, Domestic Enquiry and Grievance Procedure. - Role and Functions of Personnel manager. - Scientific and Technical Advances Vis-a-Vis Personnel Management. PART II- INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY - Industrial Psychology- Nature, Scope and Functions. - Motivation and Mural, Leadership Styles & Dynamics. - Psychology of Attitudes. Hawthrone Experiments and their relevance in India. - Individual Behaviour in formal and Informal Groups. Interpersonal and Inter-group relationship in organization and their Impact on Organization. Leading Cases:- 1) North Brook Jute Co. Ltd. v. Their Workman A. I. R. 1960. 2) Monogram Mills Ltd. v. State of Gujarat 1976 II L.L.J. 174 (S.C.) 3) Workman of Williamson Magor & Co. Ltd. v. williamson Magor & Co. Ltd. 1982. L.L.J. 83 (S.C.) 4) State of Orissa v. Ram Prashad. 1985 II L.L.J. 204 (S.C.) 5) N. M. Rubber Co. Ltd. Madras v. I. S. Natrajan, 1985 II L.L.J.364 (Madras H.C.) 6) Union of India v. Tulsi Ram Patel A. I. R. 1958 S. C. 1416.

PAPER V LABOUR JURISPRUDENCE AND THE I.L.O. Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

- Concept and Growth of Labour Jurisprudence. - Concept of Social Justice, Natural Justice and the Labour. - Constitution of India, 1950. and the Labour. - Labour and Judicial Process and Public Interest Legislation. - Tripartism : Voluntarism in Labour Relations and Code of Discipline in Industry. - I. L. O. - Genesis, Aims and Objectives, Constitutions. - I. L. O. - Conventions and Recommendation : Procedure for Ratify I. L. O. Conventions and Recommendations and Problems in their Rectification. - I. L. O. & Regional Conferences. - International Labour Standards and Labour Legislations in India. - I. L. O. Problems and Prospects. - ILO and Human Rights in India, Perspectives. Leading Cases:- 1) Som Praksh v. Union of India. A. I. R. 1981 S. C. 212. 2) Bandhua Mukti Morcha Vs. Union of India A. I. R. 1984 S. C. 802.

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3) People Union for Democratic Rights & others. v. Union of India. 1982 II L. L. J. 454 (S.C.) 4) National Textiles Workers Union v. Ram Krishna A. I. R. 1983 S. C. 759. 5) Excel Wear v. Union of India 1978, L. C. J. 527 (S.C.) 6) The Delhi Cloth & General Mills Ltd. v. Sambhunath Mukerjee. 1935 I. L. J. 36 (S.C.) N.B. The students will be imparted teachings of latest case-laws of the Supreme Court of India and Various High Court along with the Legislative changes and Amendment from time to time.

PAPER VI LABOUR ECONOMICS AND LABOUR STATISTICS AND ORGANIZED AND UN-ORGANIZED LABOUR ORGANISATIONS Max. Marks 100 Min. Marks 40

- Labour Force in Organized and Unorganized Sectors-Sources. Composition, Characteristics etc. - Employment, Un-employment and Under-employment-conceptual and Development Aspects. - Labour Turn over and Absenteeism. - Unemployment Guarantee Scheme. - Unorganized Labour- Magnitude. Problems and Public Policy on Unorganized Labour. - Integrated Rural Development Programmes and Labour. - Labour in Five- Year Plans- A Brief Study. - Industrial Policy Resolutions and Development in Private and Public Sector. - Industrial development- Heavy, Large, Small-scale and Cottage Industry. - Location, Finance, Planning and Problems. Labour Statistics: 1) Meaning Objects and Structure. 2) Growth of Labour Statistics in India. 3) Indian Labour Statistics Act, 1953. 4) Labour Statistics relating to Disputes, Wages, Strikes. 5) Lockouts, Man days, Labour Safety, Health and Welfare Cost of Living etc. ***

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