Smart Keyboards: Need of Customization and Personalization of Mobile Keyboards
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Enabling Non-Speech Experts to Develop Usable Speech-User Interfaces
Enabling Non-Speech Experts to Develop Usable Speech-User Interfaces Anuj Kumar CMU-HCII-14-105 August 2014 Human-Computer Interaction Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright © Anuj Kumar 2014. All rights reserved. Committee: Florian Metze Co-Chair, Carnegie Mellon University Matthew Kam Co-Chair, Carnegie Mellon University & American Institutes for Research Dan Siewiorek Carnegie Mellon University Tim Paek Microsoft Research The research described in this dissertation was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants IIS- 1247368 and CNS-1205589, Siebel Scholar Fellowship 2014, Carnegie Mellon’s Human-Computer Interaction Institute, and Nokia. Any findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the above organizations or corporations. KEYWORDS Human-Computer Interaction, Machine Learning, Non-Experts, Rapid Prototyping, Speech-User Interfaces, Speech Recognition, Toolkit Development. II Dedicated to Mom and Dad for their eternal support, motivation, and love III IV ABSTRACT Speech user interfaces (SUIs) such as Apple’s Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Google Now are becoming increasingly popular. However, despite years of research, such interfaces really only work for specific users, such as adult native speakers of English, when in fact, many other users such as non-native speakers or children stand to benefit at least as much, if not more. The problem in developing SUIs for such users or for other acoustic or language situations is the expertise, time, and cost in building an initial system that works reasonably well, and can be deployed to collect more data or also to establish a group of loyal users. -
Nokia 6010 User Guide
510636_6820_US/Eng_UG 12/18/03 10:36 AM Page 1 Thank you for purchasing your new Nokia phone. We’re here for you! www.nokiahowto.com Learn how to use your new Nokia phone. www.nokia.com/us Get answers to your questions. Register your phone’s limited warranty so we can better serve your needs! Nokia Inc. 7725 Woodland Center Boulevard, Suite 150, Tampa FL 33614 . Phone: 1.888.NOKIA.2U (1.888.665.4228) Fax: 1.813.249.9619 . Text Telephone/Telecommunication Device User Guide for the Deaf (TTY/TDD) Users: 1.800.24.NOKIA (1.800.246.6542) PRINTED IN CANADA 9311367 NOKIA 6820 Nokia 6010 User Guide What information is Numbers Where is the number? needed? My number Wireless service provider Voice mail number Wireless service provider Wireless provider’s Wireless service provider number Wireless provider’s Wireless service provider customer care Model number 6010 Label on back of phone (under battery) Phone type number NPM-10 Label on back of phone NPM-10X (under battery) International mobile Label on back of phone (under equipment identity battery). See “Find information (IMEI) about your phone” on page 7. LEGAL INFORMATION Part No. 9311233, Issue No. 1 Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All rights reserved. Nokia, Nokia Connecting People, Air Glide, Bowling, Backgammon, Sky Diver, Nokia 6010, Xpress-on, and the Nokia Original Enhancements logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. Other company and product names mentioned herein may be trademarks or trade names of their respective owners. Printed in Canada 01/04 US Patent No 5818437 and other pending patents. -
Program Details
Home Program Hotel Be an Exhibitor Be a Sponsor Review Committee Press Room Past Events Contact Us Program Details Monday, November 3, 2014 08:30-10:00 MORNING TUTORIALS Track 1: An Introduction to Writing Systems & Unicode Presenter: This tutorial will provide you with a good understanding of the many unique characteristics of non-Latin Richard Ishida writing systems, and illustrate the problems involved in implementing such scripts in products. It does not Internationalization provide detailed coding advice, but does provide the essential background information you need to Activity Lead, W3C understand the fundamental issues related to Unicode deployment, across a wide range of scripts. It has proved to be an excellent orientation for newcomers to the conference, providing the background needed to assist understanding of the other talks! The tutorial goes beyond encoding issues to discuss characteristics related to input of ideographs, combining characters, context-dependent shape variation, text direction, vowel signs, ligatures, punctuation, wrapping and editing, font issues, sorting and indexing, keyboards, and more. The concepts are introduced through the use of examples from Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, Hindi/Tamil, Russian and Greek. While the tutorial is perfectly accessible to beginners, it has also attracted very good reviews from people at an intermediate and advanced level, due to the breadth of scripts discussed. No prior knowledge is needed. Presenters: Track 2: Localization Workshop Daniel Goldschmidt Two highly experienced industry experts will illuminate the basics of localization for session participants Sr. International over the course of three one-hour blocks. This instruction is particularly oriented to participants who are Program Manager, new to localization. -
Paper, We Describe Three User Studies Undertaken to Investigate Users ’Typing Abilities
Int. J. Human-Computer Studies 106 (2017) 44–62 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Human-Computer Studies journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijhcs Is it too small?: Investigating the performances and preferences of users when typing on tiny QWERTY keyboards Xin Yi a,b,c, Chun Yu a,b,c,∗, Weinan Shi a,b,c, Yuanchun Shi a,b,c a Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, China b Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, China c Beijing Key Lab of Networked Multimedia, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Keywords: Typing on tiny QWERTY keyboards on smartwatches is considered challenging or even impractical due to the Text entry limited screen space. In this paper, we describe three user studies undertaken to investigate users ’typing abilities Tiny keyboard and preferences on tiny QWERTY keyboards. The first two studies, using a smartphone as a substitute for a Smartwatch smartwatch, tested five different keyboard sizes (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm). Study 1 collected typing data from QWERTY participants using keyboards and given asterisk feedback. We analyzed both the distribution of touch points Typing pattern (e.g., the systematic offset and shape of the distribution) and the effect of keyboard size. Study 2 adopted a Bayesian algorithm based on a touch model derived from Study 1 and a unigram word language model to perform input prediction. We found that on the smart keyboard, participants could type between 26.8 and 33.6 words per minute (WPM) across the five keyboard sizes with an uncorrected character error rate ranging from 0.4% to 1.9%. -
This Is a Title
http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/HCI2017.103 Comparing a Scanning Ambiguous Keyboard to the On-screen QWERTY Keyboard Chris T. Waddington I. Scott MacKenzie University of Central Lancashire York University Preston UK PR1 2HE Toronto Canada M3J 1P3 [email protected] [email protected] Janet C. Read Matthew Horton University of Central Lancashire University of Central Lancashire Preston UK PR1 2HE Preston UK PR1 2HE [email protected] [email protected] This paper explores text entry on a scanning ambiguous keyboard (SAK) and the Windows on- screen keyboard (OSK) operating in scanning mode. The SPACEBAR was used for physical input with both keyboards. Testing involved 12 participants entering five phrases of text with each keyboard. On entry speed, the means were 5.06 wpm for the SAK and 2.67 wpm for the OSK, thus revealing a significant speed advantage for the SAK. However, the character-level error rate of 13.3% for the SAK was significantly higher than the error rate of 2.4% for the OSK. On subjective preference, 7 of 12 participants preferred the Windows OSK over the SAK, citing familiarity with the QWERTY layout as the most common reason. However, participants appreciated the efficiency of the SAK keyboard. A limitation of the results is the small amount of text entered. Scanning ambiguous keyboard (SAK), Windows on-screen keyboard (OSK), text entry, accessible interfaces . 1. INTRODUCTION and effectiveness of two keyboards designed primarily for users with impaired motor function. A Inputting text with a keyboard is an everyday task user study with able-bodied users was conducted, for humans, be it through a standard keyboard on a as is common practice in initial investigations of desktop or laptop computer, or on a touch-based accessible interfaces. -
| Hao Wanata Utilin at Na Malo Mlet
|HAO WANATA UTILINUS010019435B2 AT NA MALO MLET (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 10 ,019 ,435 B2 Ouyang et al. ( 45 ) Date of Patent : * Jul. 10 , 2018 ( 54 ) SPACE PREDICTION FOR TEXT INPUT (56 ) References Cited ( 71 ) Applicant : Google Inc. , Mountain View , CA (US ) U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 4 ,534 , 261 A 8 / 1985 Fabrizio ( 72 ) Inventors : Yu Ouyang , San Jose , CA (US ) ; 4 ,833 ,610 A 5 / 1989 Zamora et al. Shumin Zhai , Los Altos, CA (US ) ( Continued ) (73 ) Assignee : Google LLC , Mountain View , CA (US ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this CN 1133996 A 10 / 1996 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 CN 1761989 A 4 /2006 U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 1010 days . (Continued ) This patent is subject to a terminal dis claimer . OTHER PUBLICATIONS Notice of Allowance from U . S . Appl. No . 14 / 196 ,552 , dated Jun . 18 , (21 ) Appl. No. : 14 /452 ,035 2015 , 5 pp . (22 ) Filed : Aug . 5 , 2014 (Continued ) Primary Examiner — Steven Sax (65 ) Prior Publication Data (74 ) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Shumaker & Sieffert, US 2015 / 0026628 A1 Jan . 22 , 2015 P . A . (57 ) ABSTRACT An example method includes displaying, at a presence Related U . S . Application Data sensitive device , a virtual keyboard , receiving an indication (63 ) Continuation of application No . 13/ 657 , 574 , filed on of input entered at a presence -sensitive device indicating a Oct . 22 , 2012 , now Pat. No . 8 , 819 ,574 . plurality of characters , determining a sequence of at least three character strings in the plurality such that the sequence ( 51 ) Int. -
WORKING PAPERS in LITERACY, CULTURE, and LANGUAGE EDUCATION (WPLCLE) VOLUME 3, April 2014
WORKING PAPERS IN LITERACY, CULTURE, AND LANGUAGE EDUCATION (WPLCLE) VOLUME 3, April 2014 Department of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education School of Education Indiana University Bloomington EDITORIAL BOARD Founder & Editor‐in‐Chief Serafín M. Coronel‐Molina Managing Editor Leslie Rowland Assistants to the Editors Beth Buchholz Hsiao‐Chin Kuo Alfreda Clegg Erin Lemrow Ying‐Sin Chen Jaehan Park Linda Coggin Stacy Penalva Vesna Dimitrieska Julie Rust Hsiao‐Chun Huang Christy Wessel‐Powell Retno Hendryanti Jae‐Seok Yang Arnell Hammond Pei‐Shan Yu Christina Ivanova Amber Warren Tolga Kargin Bita H. Zakeri Advisory Board Donna Sayers Adomat Larry Mikulecky Stephanie Carter Martha Nyikos James Damico Faridah Pawan D. Ted Hall Beth Lewis Samuelson Mary Beth Hines Raymond Smith Mitzi Lewison Karen Wohlwend Carmen Medina Website Administrators Rebecca Barrett Serafín M. Coronel‐Molina Copyright © 2014 Working Papers in Literacy, Culture, and Language Education (WPLCLE), and the respective authors. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system (except for brief quotations in critical articles or reviews) without written permission from WPLCLE or the respective authors. Working Papers in Literacy, Culture, and Language Education (WPLCLE) School of Education, Indiana University W.W. Wright Education Building 201 N. Rose Ave., Room #3044 Bloomington, IN 47405‐1006 Phone: (812) 856‐8270 Fax: (812) 856‐8287 E‐mail: [email protected] -
Nokia 6350 User Guide
Nokia 6350 User Guide 9 Issue 1 0434 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Hereby, NOKIA CORPORATION declares that this RM-455 product is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. A copy of the Declaration of Conformity can be found at http://www.nokia.com/phones/declaration_of_conformity/. © 2009 Nokia. All rights reserved. Inside pages contain 10% recycled paper. Nokia, Nokia Connecting People, and Navi are trademarks or registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. Nokia tune is a sound mark of Nokia Corporation. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or tradenames of their respective owners. Reproduction, transfer, distribution, or storage of part or all of the contents in this document in any form without the prior written permission of Nokia is prohibited. Nokia operates a policy of continuous development. Nokia reserves the right to make changes and improvements to any of the products described in this document without prior notice. US Patent No 5818437 and other pending patents. T9 text input software Copyright (C) 1997-2009. Tegic Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. Includes RSA BSAFE cryptographic or security protocol software from RSA Security. Java is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. Portions of the Nokia Maps software are © 1996-2009 The FreeType Project. All rights reserved. This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 Visual Patent Portfolio License (i) for personal and noncommercial use in connection with information which has been encoded in compliance with the MPEG-4 Visual Standard by a consumer engaged in a personal and noncommercial activity and (ii) for use in connection with MPEG-4 video provided by a licensed video provider. -
Contributions of New Technologies to the Teaching of English Pronunciation
Language Value July 2017, Volume 9, Number 1 pp. 1-35 http://www.e-revistes.uji.es/languagevalue Copyright © 2017, ISSN 1989-7103 Contributions of new technologies to the teaching of English pronunciation Yolanda Joy Calvo Benzies [email protected] University of the Balearic Islands, Spain ABSTRACT One of the most significant changes in language classrooms over recent decades has been the introduction of ICTs. Despite a broad range of previous research in the field, little work has been done to date on assessing the benefits of teaching pronunciation through ICTs, something surprising in view of the large number of existing programs and other materials specifically designed to improve learners’ pronunciation. This paper is intended to contribute to the field in that it will provide an overview of the materials currently available for teaching pronunciation through the use of ICTs, as well as an empirical preliminary study on ESP students’ first contact with using ICTs for learning pronunciation. Results indicate that these students enjoyed using these technological tools and would like to use them again to practise their pronunciation. Keywords: Pronunciation, ESP student’s opinions, apps, software, blogs, websites I. INTRODUCTION Previous research in the teaching and learning of English has shown that more attention is usually paid to written skills than to spoken ones in EFL settings (Alonso 2014, Hornero et al. 2013, Calvo 2016a). Furthermore, within spoken skills, pronunciation has traditionally been neglected, to the point where it has been referred to as the poor relation of the English teaching world (Hughes 2002), the orphan (Gilbert 2010) or even the Cinderella (Underhill 2013) in language lessons. -
Gathering Text Entry Metrics on Android Devices
Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia and Human Computer Interaction Toronto, Ontario, Canada, July 18-19 2013 Paper No. 120 Gathering Text Entry Metrics on Android Devices Steven J. Castellucci, I. Scott MacKenzie York University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3 [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract -We developed TEMA, an application to gather Text Entry speed and accuracy Metrics on Android devices. This paper details the features of the application, describes a user study to demonstrate its utility, and establishes entry speed and accuracy measurements for the evaluated text entry techniques. We evaluated and compared four mobile text entry methods: two-thumb QWERTY typing, one-finger QWERTY typing, handwriting recognition, and shape writing recognition. The two QWERTY techniques were the fastest, with no statistically significant difference between them in entry speed or accuracy. Shape writing was slightly slower, but similar in accuracy. Handwriting was the slowest and least accurate technique. Keywords: Text entry, metrics, entry speed, accuracy, Android 1. Introduction Mobile devices are often used for SMS text messaging and social networking. An estimated 9.2 trillion text messages will be sent in 2013 (Web-1) and more than 680 million people access Facebook using mobile devices per month (Web-2). Thus, investigating methods for mobile text entry is a significant research topic. To aid evaluation of mobile text entry methods, we created an application to gather user performance metrics on Android devices: Text Entry Metrics on Android (TEMA). In this paper, we present our motivation for TEMA and its features. -
Smartvrkey - a Smartphone Based Text Entry in Virtual Reality with T9 Text Prediction*
SmartVRKey - A Smartphone Based Text Entry in Virtual Reality with T9 Text Prediction* Jiban Adhikary Department of Computer Science, Michigan Technological University, [email protected] *Topic paper for the CS5760 - Human-Computer Interaction & Usability class, Spring 2018 March 12, 2018 Abstract: I propose an interactive text entry system in virtual reality (VR) which makes the best use of a commercially available smartphone, a head mounted display (HMD) and a finger sensing device. There has been works related to text entry in VR but they are confined to buttons or slide bars. Most recent works also used a physical keyboard and projected a virtual represen- tation of it in VR. The problem with the first approach is that sensor data from VR is noisy and sometimes it is unreliable. And the problem with the second approach is that a user will have to use a physical keyboard with many keys on it and there is some scalability and usability issues while interacting in VR. My proposed system includes at most 12 keys and the interface fits on a user’s wrist. It also provides accurate word-prediction based on a minimal amount of key presses. 1 Introduction Today most of the interactions of text entry take place in physical keyboard or touch screens. However, it is anticipated that most of the future interactions will take place in virtual reality (VR) or in augmented reality (AR). There has not been a lot of work regarding text entry in such environments. The idea proposed in this paper is an approach to get text entry in VR 1 one step ahead. -
IUC38: Keyboard Futures
Prototyping Input Methods on Touch Devices: Our experience and examples http://xkcd.com/1284/ Escaping our past Emerging markets and languages The DISCUS principles Keyboard prototypes Is it possible to escape the legacy of teletype machines, typewriters, and keyboards? English: . Devices regularly released with non-QWERTY . A-Z, Dvorak, and esoteric layouts . T9 initially successful on tiny devices . But: market leaders now all use QWERTY It’s a German QWERTYZ – the grand daddy It’s not QWERTY. But is it usable? http://www.iu.hio.no/~frodes/unitech10/022-Sandnes/index.html As used by NSA – special Secret Code button http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/TI_SpeakSpell_no_shadow.jpg No idea. http://www.keyglove.net T9 … not QWERTY … significant success http://conversations.nokia.com/2011/09/06/the-input-debate-why-im-true-to-t9-on-my-nokia-n8/ Optimus. http://www.artlebedev.com/everything/optimus/ QWERTY with one less row. Clever. http://www.blogcdn.com/www.engadget.com/media/2010/05/lgfathom111.jpg It looks weird, but it’s still QWERTY! http://www.6by9.net/brain-coordination-using-dvorak-and-qwerty-keyboards/ It looks weird, but it’s still QWERT! http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?HalfQwerty It looks weird, but it’s still QWER… um… GT? http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?HalfQwerty http://www.hardwarezone.com.sg/feature-hands-apple-iphone-6-6-plus-pictures- Touch innovation – literally around the edges! and-videos/when-it-coming-and-how-much-plus-more-photos What do those images tell us? There are benefits to the status quo . Less for users to learn .