The January 7 – 14 survey indicated Paleoseismic studies and Active Four major preliminary conclusions observation is that the epicenter of the 1990 was added to the 3 existing networks along the targeted activity for the program was to distinct anomalies in the total magnetic field Fault Mapping were made based on this year and the earthquake is located where shear stress the Philippine Fault in Central Philippines. generate a preliminary topographic map (TMF) along limited geothermal areas of previous years’ trenching activities. The first would be elevated by movements on the This network, comprising of 11 GPS and remote sensing imagery interpretation Daang Kastila and Main Crater Lake. In The objectives of this project are: (1) is thee identification evidence of four Gabaldon and San Jose faults. Preceding benchmarks installed in April 2005, covers of potential deposits at Leonard Volcano at February, permanent benchmarks were delineate the location of active faults and (2) surface-rupturing earthquakes along the earthquakes, most likely the 1645 an area of about 200 km x 100 km. The the scale of 1:50,000. constructed at the established magnetic to better understand the past activities of Digdig fault during the past 2000 years. The earthquake on the Gabaldon fault and the initial campaign was conducted in October observation points around Volcano Island. these faults through trenching. By trenching average recurrence interval of the fault is 1796 earthquake on the San Jose fault, may 2005. The establishment of this network was Out of the 22 active volcanoes in the Magnetic measurements confirmed areas of across the approximate trace of the fault, we about 600 years. The fault probably did not have controlled the location where the aimed at resolving the following questions: Philippines, very little is known about positive magnetic anomalies delineated by may be able to determine the number and rupture during the 1645 earthquake. rupture initiated in the 1990 earthquake. (1) Where does the NW extension of Leonard Volcano. The latest eruption of the January measurements. Positive timing of previous earthquakes, the repeat Additional samples are being dated to more Finally, it is possible that the recurrence Sibuyan Sea Fault terminate? (2) What is Leonard Volcano was 1,800 Bp. Based on anomalies were also observed in the periods between them, as well as the tightly constrain the timing of each events, interval of the individual segments of the extent of crustal deformation in the zone the photo-geologic interpretation done, there eastern part of the Main Crater Lake and on relative strength of these past events. especially the penultimate event. The Philippine fault zone is longer than 500 where the Philippine Fault and Legazpi is potential for an explosive eruption as the northern slope of Volcano Island (Daang second important findings is the fact that years, as we revealed for the Digdig fault, Lineament overlap? (3) What is slip rate of evidenced by the existence of ~2.8km Kastila). This was interpreted to be due to For this year, two separate trenching the San Jose fault ruptured at least three the occurrence of about ten M>7 the Philippine Fault in Ragay- Bondoc? diameter crater which generally implies that activation of the volcano’s hydrothermal activities were conducted across the Digdig times during the past 2500 years. The timing earthquakes during the past century may be (4)What is the relationship between the the latest eruption was very explosive. With system. Fault in Puncan, Nueva Ecija and along San of the most recent event is constrained interpreted as a temporal clustering of Philippine Fault and Sibuyan Sea Fault? the delineation of previous extent of Manuel Fault in San Manuel, Pangasinan sometime during the 15th and 19th century; activity for the fault zone. deposits through the photo-geologic map, The magnetic surveys made in January Fig. 6). the fault may have ruptured in 1796. Third Results that will be gathered from this we may be able to assess the possible and February was published as a Additional trenching activities will be network and that of the other networks can magnitude of past and future eruptions of proceeding of the workshop entitled conducted in early 2006 along Gabaldon be used eventually towards the the volcano. Following the photo-geologic

“Magnetic and Electric Field Monitoring of Fault to complete the whole seismic history development of a comprehensive program map interpretation, delineation of hazards Taal Volcano, Philippines” Part 1: Magnetic of the Philippine fault in Northern Luzon. in evaluating seismic risks. will follow. Generated hazard map for Measurements, Japan Academy, Ser. B, This project is also being conducted in Leonard Volcano may be utilized for proper Vol. 81, No. 7, 2005. collaboration with Kyoto University. land use, disaster preparedness plans, and Kinematic analysis of Central Luzon Structures as guide for policy formulation. The The repeat survey conducted in August Ground deformation studies along photogeologic map was digitized using showed no significant deviation from the two the Philippine Fault For the year 2005, the following MapInfo to facilitate easy reproduction of the previous surveys. As of November, data map. activities were undertaken: (1) Interpretation gathered from the repeat magnetic survey is Although the Philippine Fault Zone of topographic maps complemented with still being processed. (PFZ) is recognized as the most active and interpretation of various imageries available Identification and characterization of destructive of the major earthquake such as Airsar and SAR, (2) Field mapping volcanic systems The EMSEV team of PHIVOLCS generators in the country, a number of its along the EZF in the Pangasina-Tarlac- constructed a vault for monitoring electric characteristics such as precise location, Pampanga area; (3) Documentation of Research areas and topics conducted field (self-potential) at the western side of segmentation, displacement rates and its morphotectonic features and gathering of under this project were the pyroclastic flow the upper Daang Kastila. The vault consists associated deformation, seismicity and wuantitative neotectonic and structural data deposits in Manila, 2000 pyroclastic flows of of PVC pipes and cable lines for continuous major earthquake recurrence are still along EZF and (4) trench site selection. Mayon Volcano and tephra deposits from measurement of SP and ground unknown. prehistoric and historic eruptions of Mayon temperature. Also established were several Out of these above-mentioned Volcano. thermal probe holes/observation points The objective of this project is to fill in activities, the following were produced: (1) along the Daang Kastila trail from the some of these missing information Active fault map of EZF from Airsar image The study on the upper Diliman tuff northern rim of the Main Crater down to the concerning the movement of the PFZ interpretation; (2) Active fault map of EZF used major and trace element bulk pumice basal slope of Volcano Island. through Global Positioning System (GPS) from SAR image interpretation; (3) Updated and mineral chemistry to interpret its origin monitoring. The use of GPS to study active 1:250, 000 strip map of EZF from topo map and evolution. This deposit is quite

Taal Global Positioning System faults in our country is relatively new but its interpretation and field data; (4) Updated heterogeneous in terms of pumice potential to revolutionize PHIVOLCS’ 1:50,000 strip maps of EZF from topo map composition. Such heterogeneity can be The GPS monitoring network at Taal is earthquake prediction program is interpretation and field data and (5) Updated interpreted as mingling/mixing of partial a continuing collaborative project between considerable. GPS provides high-accuracy draft technical report incorporating results, melts produced by different degrees of

VMEPD, Indiana University and UNAVCO. relative vector positioning that may be used interpretations, recommendations, maps, partial melting mostly within the crust. Initial There are 12 GPS stations on Taal Volcano in various tectonic studies such as and field data melting was still from the mantle and the Island and a master GPS station in determining plate motions to measuring slip chemistry shows the typical pattern for Tagaytay. This fruitful collaboration has rates of an individual fault zone. Through Geologic and hazard mapping of subduction zone magmas. The LILE values already generated one major research GPS measurements, complemented by active and potentially active for the upper Diliman are too high for publication on the magma dynamics and seismic data, fault segment which is volcanoes volcanoes along the volcanic front (Bataan ground deformation published last October accumulating strain may be identified, and Arc) and are more similar to Laguna in the Journal of Geophysical Research. hence the probable site of the next probable The main goal of the program is to deposits. In terms of other elements

earthquake may be located. identify potential volcanic hazards and however, results indicate that the upper

generate volcano-geologic maps not only for Diliman tuff is chemically distinct from Taal For this year another GPS network, the and Laguna Caldera pyroclastic flow active volcanoes in the Philippines but also Fig. 6. Trench site along the Digdig Fault in Puncan, Caranglan, Nueva Ecija (Paleoseismology and Active Faults Ragay-Bondoc network in Southern Luzon, deposits. They cannot be related by for potentially active volcanoes. For 2005, Mapping Project) 12 13 fractional crystallization, and there are stratigraphy and clear-cut aggradational tephra units. Ultimately, the tephrochrono- differences in the degrees of partial melting emplacement; and massive framework logy will be used to establish the eruptive for each source, which may or may not agglutinate bomb-rich units which are in history of Mayon Volcano. RR&&DD pprroo ggrraammss aanndd oo tthheerr reflect across arc variation. themselves new evidence of direct emanation from the colder, outer parts of the Study of tectonic uplift and CCoollllaabboo rraattiivvee PPrroojjee ccttss The study on the 2000 pyroclastic flows lava fountains. subsidence of marine deposits from non-explosive and explosive- strombolian eruptions of Mayon Volcano Correlation of 2000 Mayon PF genetic For the year 2005, activities conducted Internally-funded projects conducted for Mayon, Taal, Kanlaon, extended and improved the Pira-piraso utilized surface observation and simple processes to deposit stratigraphy using in relation to the program includes: Pinatubo, Bulusan, Hibok-hibok and General leveling line by constructing six (6)

seismic waveform and interval determination stratigraphic markers and correspondent, Santos (Parker and Matutum Volcanoes) additional benchmarks along Daang Kastila Gas Geochemistry of events of the 2000 activity in rationalizing timed features of the eruption allowed a 1. Reconnaissance survey at the coastal because breakdown recurred from time to and conducting Peg Test to assure accuracy

pyroclastic flow (PF) evolution from both rough modeling of PF evolution in this barangays of Luna and Balaoan, La time. and reliability of survey result. Periodic measurement of Sulfur non-explosive and Strombolian transitional eruption ranged in the first order of Union. Acquisition of necessary to explosive eruptions of Mayon Volcano. approximation with mass discharge rates logistics and sampling permits of dead Dioxide (S02) flux output using Correlation Ground Deformation Studies of Plotted the measured elevation Spectrometer or COSPEC at Mayon Initially, a non-explosive Phase I (12-23 calculated from lava flow and plume data. microatolls for future field outings. Active Volcanoes differences of the established benchmarks Volcano was conducted throughout 2005 February) of slow dome extrusion and lava In essence, longer runout PFs – framework- from the Pira-piraso, Calauit, New Eruption because its status was continually hoisted at flow spalled off observed to seismically- agglutinate bomb-rich and segregated 2. Field survey/topographic mapping of In 2005, Ground deformation studies Site and Alas-as leveling lines during the defined block-and-ash PFs in Bonga Gully. deposits – are ultimately generated by the uplifted reef flat at Paraoir, Alert Level 2. From January through July, were conducted at Mayon and Taal January 2005 and August 2005 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) flux output persistently A succeeding Strombolian Phase II (24-27 Strombolian fountaining in excess of 600 Balaoan, La Union, using Nikon NPL- volcanoes. At Mayon Volcano, results of measurements but plots showed 3 -1 showed values of less than 1,000 t/d. February) of 49 episodes of sporadic 550 m- m s , and explosive fragmentation in 352 Laser Total Station. precise leveling measurements conducted in insignificant inflation or deflation. The above 3 -1 Beginning August, SO2 flux output gradually high lava fountaining produced observed excess of 7000 m s , respectively. The February 2005 to September 2005 of the surveys did not indicate magma intrusion. increased until it reached values of up to and seismically-defined block-and-ash flows most significant results of the study are the 3. Located and noted GPS readings of at three radial leveling lines located at the NW, 2,982 t/d in November. Then, Sulfur Dioxide in Bonga Gully, Mabinit and Buyuan unprecedented establishment of valley-pond least 5 live/modern microatolls SE and SW quadrants of Mayon Volcano Magnetic and Electric Field (SO2) emission rate decreased to >2,000 t/d Channels from marginal collapse of at least ignimbrite-like stratigraphy associated with significant for the study with photo- indicated a continuous but slight gradual Monitoring of Taal Volcano until the year ended. 13 short lava flows evolved by spatter explosive eruption, of framework agglutinate documentation of these microatolls. inflation of the volcano’s edifice. The

agglutination at the vent. The climactic bomb-rich deposits in evidence of origin observed swelling was attributed to The Inter-association Working Group explosive-Strombolian Phase III (27 from lava fountaining, and of PF genetic 4. Acquisition of available published High Density and Wide Coverage volcanically induced ground deformation on Electromagnetic Studies of Earthquakes February-1 March) had 19 events in processes and diagnostic deposits for literatures, digital, and printout maps of Seismic Network brought by incremental intrusion of magma and Volcanoes (EMSEV) under the episodes initiated by explosions that Strombolian fountaining transitional to the La Union. into the upper levels of the volcano. Aerial International Union of Geodesy and produced 10-km vertical columns with explosive eruptions in Mayon. This project concentrated on increasing survey conducted on 17 August 2005 Geophysics (IUGG) and PHIVOLCS agreed widespread fallout, followed by intense 5. Initial data processing and presentation the number of remote seismic stations confirmed the presence of a lava dome in December 2004 to promote a cooperative sustained to jetted lava fountaining ca. 1 km The tephrochronology study on Mayon of proposal and significance of study at established around active volcanoes across inside the summit crater, which is the source research on tectonics, earthquakes and high that fed mobile lava flows 3 to 4.5 km Volcano is on going. Fieldwork was Phivolcs and UP NIGS Marine Geology the country. Augmenting the existing of glow. The lava dome resulted from slow volcanism in the Southern Luzon Region of down Buyuan and Mabinit Channels. conducted last August, September and Laboratory seismic monitoring network at Mayon and extrusion of magma following a string of ash the Philippines. The Working Group Observed pyroclastic flows from both November, together with Japanese Taal were prioritized because these explosions that happened between March selected Taal Volcano as the first area of explosive and fountaining events were supervisors, Profs. Kobayashi and Okuno to Strong Motion Network in Laoag City volcanoes continued to manifest increasing and May 2003. Using the values of vertical the study. emplaced in all gullies to runouts in excess study and sample Mayon tephra and collect volcanic activity. displacement obtained in the November of 5 km. Post-eruption gravitationally-driven in situ charcoal for C14 dating. The carbon The strong motion network in Laoag 2005 survey to best fit the Mogi’s Model, the For 2005, several electromagnetic lava flow until March 8 produced PFs from samples are now being processed at the City in collaboration with the Mines and At Taal, the Pira-piraso and Napayong depth and volume of the magma pressure campaigns were conducted at Taal Volcano intermittent collapses. Nagoya radiometric laboratory. Samples Geoscience Bureau –DENR and the stations were constructed in January and source are calculated to range from 780 to Island in January, February, August and were collected for grain size and Hongkong University Department of April, respectively, to augment the existing 920 meters and 5 to 6.5 million cu. meters, November. The study progressed and Stratigraphic work on the 2000 Mayon component, density, as well as petrographic Environmental Science is composed of 4 three-station network established under respectively. A deflationary trend, however, permanent magnetic and self-potential Volcano pyroclastic flows enabled the and whole rock geochemical analyses. The Kinemetrics Altus K2 Digital accelerometers. Phase IIB of the JICA-PHIVOLCS Project. was noted from the result of the November observation points were established starting identification of three general classes of clasts compositions appear to range from The small network was established as part This resulted in locating more earthquakes 2005 survey of the Buang, Lidong and November. deposits, mainly Phase III, most basaltic andesite to dacite. XRF and of the Seismic Hazards and Risks with better accuracy and a more Anoling leveling lines suggesting that topographically concentrated in Mabinit- petrographic analyses will be done on these Assessment in Laoag City. Since the start of comprehensive assessment of the volcano’s intrusion of magma is ceasing as deduced In January, the EMSEV team of Buyuan Channels. These consist essentially clasts to determine the actual chemical the project in 2003, all the instruments are in on-going unrest. This activity is vital in from the rate of growth of the lava dome. PHIVOLCS established a total of 22 of geochemically similar juvenile basaltic composition. Seven soil samples were good working conditions. However, Laoag issuing short-term eruption forecast. In April, This suggests the absence of new magma magnetic benchmarks around the Volcano andesite bombs and lithics and microlitic taken from various stratigraphic sections Central Elementary School (LCES) is the mobile seismic station was reestablished intrusion and reflects a general static Island. These are located in the following: basaltic andesite blocks. Pyroclast (from the lowermost exposed tephra to the recording a lot of noise since it is located in at Upper Pantao, and an electronic tiltmeter condition for residual magma in the volcanic six (6) stations at the Southwest sector of proportions, textures and structure classify upsection tephra units) on November 24 to the heart of the city’s central business observation point was constructed at Sto. pipe and beneath the crater. The lack of Main Crater Lake; nine (9) stations at deposits into several types of block-and-ash 29. Ideal tephra layers were located during district and the building it occupies is no Bama Station in Kanlaon Volcano. For remarkable seismic events also indicates no Southeast sector of Main Crater Lake; and (lava/ballistic disintegration), of segregated the reconnaissance fieldwork. One such longer safe, so it was decided to move the Mayon Volcano, the Upper Mayon active transport of magma to shallow levels. seven (7) stations at the Daang Kastila area. (explosive fragmentation) and of massive exposure is a 30 meter-high quarry in Ligao. instrument to Laoag City Engineers Office Resthouse mobile seismic station was Several observation points were established cauliflowered or “framework agglutinate” Based on stratigraphy, there are at least 5-7 (LCEO) site last February 2005. For this reestablished in September, at 1,300 meters For Taal Volcano, the four (4) existing inside the Main Crater Lake in anticipation of bomb-rich (fountaining/eruption column major eruption episodes from this exposure. year, there are 164 data records from 92 ASL elevation. leveling lines at Calauit, Pira-piraso, Alas-as more pronounced volcanic events in the dispersal) deposits. Most salient are in In this tephra succession, the 1814 deposit earthquake events in Laoag City. and New Eruption Site were surveyed in area. Mabinit Channel: a segregated PF deposit comprises the youngest unit and overlies In addition, repair and maintenance of January 2005 and August 2005 after exhibiting classical valley-pond ignimbrite layers of historic and presumably prehistoric Phase II-B system were repeatedly repairing damaged benchmarks. Also

14 11 copies), Tsunami Flyer ( 3,000 copies), The subscription of the library for the borrower services, and map services. The Among the recorded events since its Protection (BFP) and Philippine National Externally-funded and Earthquake and Earthquake Hazards (5,000 year consisted of three (3) technical journals library also served as the photocopying operation in June 2003, 60% of these Police (PNP) were interviewed. The copies), What to do before, during and after (BSSA, SRL and BV); eleven (11) center of the agency, with two machines events have magnitude lower than Ms4.0 interview and survey output revealed an collaborative projects and earthquake (10,000 copies), Monitoring newspaper titles, and two (2) magazines. A used for the service. One person is while 14% have magnitudes more than increased knowledge on what is a tsunami Taal (4,000 copies), Monitoring Mayon total of 61 books/monographs and 500 assigned to conduct the photocopying, Ms4.0 which are mostly distant and trench and how it may occur and this could be due For the year 2005, PHIVOLCS Volcano (4,000 copies), Monitoring Kanlaon journal articles were donated to the library although the other library personnel pitched related events. The other 26% are very to what happened during the South Asia continued with its aggressive education Volcano (4,000 copies), Kanlaon Profile for the year 2005. The donors to the books in during peak service requirements. small wherein mostly were recorded only by Tsunami last 26 December 2004. On the campaign with continued partnership (4,000 copies), Volcanic Hazard: Kanlaon this year include PHIVOLCS personnel, the DENR site and were not located or preparedness level the three localities and collaborations with other Volcano (4,000 copies), Philippines’ Six international research collaborators and The library also acquired two new plotted. responded that they are prepared to government agencies such as the Office Active Volcanoes (7,000 copies), Safeguard solicited materials. Due to DBM policies, no computers as part of the electronic library respond to such an occurrence but up to of Civil Defense and Department of Life: (5,000 copies). These printed flyers are budget is available for book purchase for the (e-lib) project of the DOST. These The largest recorded event was the 17 what level they could not provide enough Education, the local government units given free of charge upon request (Fig. 5). year. computers are now linked to the Internet December 2005 with Intensity III in estimation. The member departments of the as well as strengthening partnership and contains the Filipiniana collections of Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte have amplitudes of disaster coordinating councils are staffed with private sectors. Most of the In addition, under the UNDP-UN-OCHA The library sustained its clipping of the University of the Philippines, National 75 gals in DENR, 47 gals in INWD, 19 gals with trained personnel, equipped with externally-funded collaborative projects funded REINA Project which is in daily news articles throughout the whole Library and the DOST. Our Filipiniana in LCEO and 23 gals in ZAMB in the NS search and rescue instruments, has of PHIVOLCS in 2005 concentrated on collaboration with PAGASA and MGB- year. The news clippings included general collection on volcanological/seismological/ component of each site (Table 2). ambulances, fire trucks and in cases rescue community-based information cam- DENR, (see Seciton…), three new flyers articles on DOST/PHIVOLCS and its geological literature were added to the Elib boats. Volunteers from the private sectors pai gns and capacity building. were produced and printed: Mga Dapat personnel, local news items about collection. Furthermore, in February 2005, three and non-government organizations could Malaman Tungkol sa Pagbaha (5,000 landslides, floods, earthquakes, volcanic line surveys using microtremor also augment the existing DCC personnel copies), Ang Lindol at mga panganib na activity and foreign news about earthquake, Video Package, Documentation and measurements was conducted to during times of calamity. Hospitals and Private Sector- National Government dulot nito (5,000 copies) and Mga dapat tsunami and volcanic activity. These articles reproduction of audio-visual determined site characteristics along the staging areas for search, rescue and Agency Partnership- mostly thru Malaman Tungkol sa Pagtabag (5,000 are being maintained as a clippings information materials INWD-ZAMB, INWD-LCES and LCES- evacuation are also identified and ready if Corporate Network for Disaster copies) were also printed. collection, topically and chronologically LCEO sites respectively. used. Response organized into folders. The 2002 to 2004 For the year, PHIVOLCS continued to newspaper clippings on disaster, Philippine The team previously decided that the Library Services document significant events and affairs. On Tsunami After the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and volcano were scanned and interview and survey would focused only on top of this, we attended to 187 requests for Tsunami, requests for lectures from different copied in CD for easy retrieval. key personnel and by the end of the first The service of the PHIVOLCS Library recopying of video features on volcanoes For the year 2005, the interview and groups for basic information about quarter of 2005, it was deemed appropriate is in seven categories: Library user services; and earthquakes in CD or VHS format, and survey of key personnel in the local earthquakes and tsunamis definitely A total of 380 users were served by the that the total number of interviewees were Subscription services; Soliciting of book 41 requests for print-format duplication of government units (LGUs) involved in increased. An interest shown by the library for this year. The users are broken enough. (Currently the report is undergoing donations; Development of digitized significant photographs on earthquake disaster management was finished. For the business sector through paved the way for a down as follows: 301 students and 79 the data reduction process). collections; News clipping; Photocopying; impacts and volcanic eruptions from our first quarter of 2005 the team interviewed small meeting in early February organized professional researchers. The library Library electronic networking; and Indexing PHIVOLCS archive of photos. Most of these personnel from the city of Manila, and the by the Corporate Network for Disaster services included index search assistance, and cataloging. requests come from students who are doing municipalities of Malabon and Navotas. In Response (CNDR) in cooperation with the

projects for their school. Manila, those interviewed included the city Makati Business Club and the American

health officer, engineering and social Chamber of Commerce-Philippines. This

In early part of the year, the welfare development officials. For Malabon meeting paved the way for two very

PHIVOLCS: Then and Now- the first product and Navotas, local officials from the health, important activities of PHIVOLCS which

of the Digital Video editing machine engineering, social welfare, Bureau of Fire clearly demonstrates good partnership of

acquired by PHIVOLCS through its DOST- the private sector with a national

GIA grant was finally previewed. Redubbing government agency.

and finalization of the said video, will be

completed in year 2006. Table 2. Summary of the recorded data by the strong motion network in Laoag City. a. Disaster Preparedness and

Management orientation Seminar:

Recorded CNDR-Roxas Gorgollo Foundation and Code Site Name Remarks Data 2005 Centro Azucarera De Don Pedro

DENR Community Environment and (CADPI) and the Municipality of 88 Natural Resource Office-DENR Nasugbu

INWD Ilocos Norte Water District 29 On February 17, 2005, a seminar was

Laoag Central Elementary Operation until held for the community and local officials of LCES 1 School February 9, 2005 Nasugbu, Batangas. Entitled “Disaster

LCEO Operation started Preparedness and Management Orientation Laoag City Engineers Office 27 February 9, 2005 Seminar,” the activity was a collaborative

ZAMB undertaking between PHIVOLCS, the Barangay Zamboanga 19 Corporate Network for Disaster Response

(CNDR), the Roxas Gorgollo Foundation, Total 164 Centro Azucarera de Don Pedro, Inc., the Fig. 5. Three (3) new flyers produced by PHIVOLCS under the REINA-UNDP Project Municipality of Nasugbu and other realty

and resort entities in Nasugbu. The 113 10 15 participants were representatives from the schoolsof the NCR. A total of 774(?) Collective Strengthening of different barangays of Nasugbu, municipal participants attended the 2 sessions. The Community Awareness for Natural officials, Department of Education, resort training design and activities were facilitated Disasters (CSCAND): Raising owners and staff, and other community by PHIVOLCS and OCD-NCR so that the Awareness and Preparedness Levels members. participants could have a direct practical of selected Vulnerable Sectors of application. It is expected that the b. PHINMA Property Holdings participants will take a lead on organizing Philippine Society to Natural Disaster Corporation: Earthquake Preparedness and conducting earthquake drills when Campaign and Drill they return to their respective schools. The For the year 2005, a total of eight training was conducted in preparation for the workshops and seminars were conducted PHIVOLCS in cooperation with 28 July 2005 NCR-wide simultaneous under the umbrella of the Collective PHINMA Property Holdings Corporation earthquake drill in public schools. Strengthening of Community Awareness for (PPHC) conducted a series of information Natural Disasters (CSCAND), a program campaigns that culminated to earthquake that has been funded by the United Nations drills in 3 major medium rise multi-storey Development Programmed (UNDP) since housing projects of PHINMA. The series of 2003. Thru this program, PHIVOLCS was a b lectures about earthquake preparedness able to intensify its information and were conducted at the Smile Citihomes education campaign on disaster preparedness and mitigation. The following Main and Annex and Sunny Villa, both in a. Above left: visitors viewed PHIVOLCS exhibits Quezon City on 16, 23, 24 April and 15 May are the highlights of the 8 workshops, seminars or meetings. 2005. In addition to the residential b. Above right: PHIVOLCS Director Renato Solidum, Jr. information campaign, an earthquake drill explained details of the exhibits to guests. for Citihomes Annex was also conducted. a. Earthquake and Tsunami Awareness and Preparedness Workshop for Local c. Below: PHIVOLCS exhibits chosen as one of the finalist Officials and Teachers of Baler, Aurora and garnered 3rd place in the exhibition turned contest. Participants studying the maps presented during the Trainers’ Training on How to Conduct A workshop organized for the local Earthquake Drill in School officials and teachers of Baler, Aurora was conducted on 26-27 January 2005 at Amco d. NCR-wide Earthquake Drill in Public Beach Resort, Baler. Aurora. The workshop Schools, 28 July with ceremonial drill at which aimed to tap the local community Fort Bonifacio High School participation in earthquake and tsunami disaster preparedness has two main At exactly 10 AM on 28 July 2005, as objectives: (a) to increase the awareness of c part of the National Disaster Preparedness communities with regards to earthquake and month, the OCD-NDCC with technical tsunami hazards and their negative impacts Residents of Smile Citihomes participated in the assistance from PHIVOLCS, conducted a and (b) to strengthen the preparedness Publications Metro Manila-wide simultaneous earthquake capability of the community of Baler. The earthquake drill exercise. safety drill in more than 600 public schools. topics discussed include: Why earthquakes PHIVOLCS in-house publication occur, Seismic and other Natural Hazards of OCD-DepEd-PHIVOLCS Earthquake packaged and printed several flyers namely: A ceremonial program, observation Baler; Damaging Earthquakes and Tectonic Drill for Public Schools How to Conduct an Earthquake Drill in and evaluation of the drill was held at Fort Structures Around the town of Baler; Schools (1500 copies); Panukat ng Bonifacio High School (FBHS) in Makati City PHIVOLCS Earthquake Risk Mitigation c. Trainers’ Training on How to Conduct Pagyanig ng Lindol (1500 copies); LINDOL! wherein around 4,000 students of FBHS Projects; Hazards, Warning and Mitigation Earthquake Drill in School at P. Huwag Magpauna sa Takot …. Alamin ang participated. The activity is part of the “Safe of Tsunamis; Earthquake Preparedness and Bernardo Elementary School dapat gawin bago, habang nagaganap at Ka Ba?” program of OCD which aims to Safety Drills; and Building Construction matapos ang lindol … (10,000 copies); and reiterate to the public the basic Practices. A short hands-on tabletop In collaboration with the Office of Civil Tsunami Flyer (Filipino) (5,000 copies) (Fig. preparedness measures during an exercise called –“Local Knowledge-driven Defense-National Capital Region (OCD- 4). earthquake. Hazard Mapping Exercise” was also NCR) and the Department of Education- conducted. A total of __ participants NCR, PHIVOLCS organized a 1-day training Aside from the abovementioned attended the workshop. for teachers on how to conduct earthquake materials, 5 issues of the PHIVOLCS Fig. 4. PHIVOLCS in-house drills in schools. The seminars were Observer, Volume 15 nos. 3-4, and Volume printing produced and conducted at the Ponciano Bernardo 16 nos. 1, 2a (Special Issue), 2b and 3 and packaged flyers Elementary School in Quezon City. 2004 PHIVOLCS Annual Report were also

published (100 copies).

The 1-day training conducted in two batches (Batch 1 on 26 May and Batch 2 on Public demand for reading materials 27 May) was attended by representatives Students of Fort Bonifacio High School doing the duck and hold technique during the NCR-wide necessitated the reprinting of the following from public elementary and secondary earthquake drill 28 July 2005 publications: PHIVOLCS Flyer (4,000

16 9 groups and United Nations Development c. Earthquake Drill and Seminar: Making monitoring techniques being employed at Programme (UNDP). Schools and School Children Safe from Taal, the Taal seismic network and current SS&& TT SSEERRVVIICCEESS Earthquakes status of the volcano. A small group discussions, was conducted during which Lectures, Film showing on Disaster Exhibits In collaboration with the Department of the participants were asked to answer the PHIVOLCS continued to provide Preparedness Education of Sorsogon City and the City of following questions: 1) How can you service to the public by continuing with For the year 2005 PHIVOLCS Sorsogon, a trainers’ training for teachers on disseminate the knowledge you learned its seismic data management as well as The PHIVOLCS Main Office in Quezon designed and printed a set of exhibit posters how to conduct an earthquake drill in school from this seminar to your respective program on the promotion of geologic City hosted 143 schools (32 public and 11 for the CSCAND Project held at Baler, was organized for the teachers of Sorsogon communities? (Paano maipararating sa mas hazards awareness and preparedness. private) by conducting in-house educational Aurora last January. The posters were later City. The 1-day training was held at nakararaming tao sa barangay ang mga tours cum lectures, attended by a total of donated to the Municipal Government of Sorsogon National High School, Sorsogon natutunan ngayon?); 2) What are your For this year 117 earthquake 19,301 students and teachers from various Baler as part of the Institute’s info campaign. Unveiling of Tsunami Marker graced by Mayor City on 24 November and was attended by a preparedness plans as an individual and as bulletins and 824 volcano bulletins were schools in and outside Metro Manila. In Arthur Angara of Baler Aurora total of 130 participants. With teachers as a barangay in the next eruption of Taal issued. addition, PHIVOLCS staff from the main PHIVOLCS prepared and installed a participants, an actual earthquake drill was Volcano? (Anong paghahanda ang dapat office attended to 118 requests for lectures set of permanent exhibit package at Baguio conducted as a culminating activity in the gawin ukol sa susunod na pagputok ng A total of 277 requests for lectures on volcano and earthquake preparedness. Seismic Station. This exhibit package is As part of the culminating activity of the afternoon. bulkan bilang indibidual at bilang were attended to by PHIVOLCS Meanwhile, 277 requests for lectures were composed of 3-dimensional models of ‘The 2-day workshop, a simple ceremony was baranggay?); 3) How could our partnership technical personnel and various attended to by our personnel from various Planet Earth, Plate Tectonics, and Relief held at Barangay Sabang, Baler to unveil as local residents and government agencies information materials on earthquakes field stations. Map of the Philippines Showing the the first tsunami marker in the Philippines. A help together in protecting the monitoring and volcanoes were printed for the Volcanoes and Earthquake Generators’. tsunami marker is a means to instruments for Taal Volcano? (Paano tayo public awareness campaigns of For 2005, PHIVOLCS streamlined the Framed and laminated posters about commemorate past tsunamis that affected a magtutulong-tulong upang mapangalagaan PHIVOLCS. process for educational tours with only two volcanology and seismology are also given area. Baler was struck by by a ang mga instrumento na nagmamanman sa tours allowed per day from Tuesday to mounted on the station walls as part of the tsunami on 7 April 1970 and this could kalagayan ng bulkang Taal?). These Friday. The visitors were also limited to a exhibit. happen again in the future. PHIVOLCS questions were selected since the answers minimum of two hundred persons only. suggested a site affected by the 1970 will be able to solicit important information Volcano and Earthquake- Assessment forms were also disseminated PHIVOLCS designed, prepared and tsunami waves, that is accessible and from the participants as well as instill in their to the visitors to provide the Institute installed exhibit for the National Science and frequently visited by people. The tsunami consciousness the idea that they have the related Hazards Assessment feedback on the type and quality of service Technology Week (NSTW) Tech Fair held marker was funded by the Association of capability to do some steps for disaster provided by PHIVOLCS and if there is a last July at the Phil. Trade and Training Barangay Chairmen (ABC) of Baler. preparedness. Considerable number of telephone and need to improve the services. Center (PTTC) on Roxas Blvd. in Manila. Earthquake Drill Seminar for Teachers in personal queries were addressed including New exhibit panel boards were designed Sorsogon City predictions of tsunami, earthquakes and and fabricated for the affair. New posters b. Sorsogon City Multi-Hazard Disaster volcanic eruptions in several areas in the Seminars/Trainings/ were created and printed for this year’s Awareness and Preparedness Philippines. In addition, PHIVOLCS also theme. More than 5,000 guests visited d. Volcano Eruption Preparedness Workshops on Disaster Participated in by a total of 89 mostly Workshops for Residents around Taal attended to 312 requests for customized Preparedness: Seminar-Workshop PHIVOLCS exhibit booth during the week- maps (on active faults, lahars, seismicity, barangay leaders, local officials and Volcano for Teachers long exhibition. At the end of the fair, ground acceleration, etc) and a total of 360 PHIVOLCS together with PAGASA emerged government employees, the workshop certifications related to lahar, active faults, as 3rd place winner in the exhibition turned- conducted on 22-23 November 2005 at Villa The seminar entitled “Pagpupulong For its internally-funded project on earthquake occurrences and volcanic contest (photos a-c). Isabel Hotel was facilitated through a series Para sa Dagdag Kaalaman Ukol sa Bulkang capacity-building, PHIVOLCS has retained hazards were issued. of lectures on the different hazards the Taal at mga Panganib na Dulot Nito” only the seminar-workshop for teachers. PHIVOLCS together with other community is exposed to and the disaster (Volcanic Hazards Awareness Seminar for The School Teachers’ Seminar-Training on prominent private and government owned- preparedness measures that can be done. A Taal Volcano Island Residents) was finally Dir. Solidum gives comments during the Taal Promotion of Geologic Awareness and Preparedness: Focus on corporations participated in the 2005 hands-on activity to get participants become held on 30 November – 01 December 2005 Workshop at Pira-Piraso, Taal Volcano Island Earthquakes and Volcanoes was held at the Hazards Awareness and Geofest celebration last September hosted familiarized with maps and local knowledge- at three different venues on the Volcano PHIVOLCS receiving Room on May 17-19 by Mapua Institute of Technology. driven hazard exercise was conducted. Island. The venues were: Tourism Preparedness 2005. Twenty three (23) S&T teachers PHIVOLCS exhibit was concentrated on the Reception Area in Sitio Pira-Piraso, Brgy. e. Workshop on the Role of Media in participated in the seminar-workshop. role of geologists in volcano and earthquake Tabla, Talisay with 115 participants; Tsunami Information Dissemination For the year 2005, PHIVOLCS monitoring in the country. More than 2,000 Barangay Chapel in Calauit, Balete with 120 implemented aggressively its information PHIVOLCS implemented aggressively graduating high school students visited participants; and Barangay Chapel in Alas- The current knowledge on tsunami dissemination programs thru various its information dissemination programs thru PHIVOLCS booth during the festival. as, San Nicolas with 84 participants. vulnerability of the country was activities that include the organization of capacity-building seminars and workshops. Participants included local residents, disseminated to the members of the mass seminar-workshop for teachers, production There were at least 10 seminars and Aside from these exhibitions, barangay officials, local officials and police media. A half-day program for the media of four new printed materials and reprinting workshops conducted by PHIVOLCS for the PHIVOLCS also entertained several exhibit officers, and representatives from provincial was conducted on 7 December at the of various previously produced PHIVOLCS year 2005, which were funded externally or request from other offices/agencies for government and OCD-Region IV. PHIVOLCS Auditorium. The following topics materials. In addition, three new sets of in collaboration with other agencies or different scientific occasions and festive. were covered by 4 different guest speakers: exhibits about earthquakes and volcanoes private sector groups. Among the offices that had requested last The half-day seminar tackled topics (1) “The Role of Media on Natural Disaster were put up. Various workshops and 2005 were Philippine Heart Center, that included (1) destructive historical Mitigation” (2) “Introduction to Tsunami” (3) seminars including earthquake drills were UNESCO, NDCC, UP NIGS, and Philippine Participants of the Sorsogon City workshop eruptions of Taal Volcano; (2) the volcanic “Damaging Tsunami Events in the held in collaboration with other government Science Centrum. hazards at Taal and (3) the different Philippines” and (4) “Warning and agencies, partnership with private sector 8 17 Communication Systems for Tsunami” and shared; (3) Memorandum of Agreement aspects in the whole disaster mitigation (5) “PHIVOLCS-DOST Tsunami Risk among agencies related to this toopc cycle, especially mitigation and Mitigation Programs”. already reviewed and ready for signing; (4) preparedness, in order to strengthen the project document for soliciting international disaster preparedness capacities of these funding for hazard mapping in the Philippine three municipalities from geologic and is now being prepared; and (5) National meteorological hazards. The agencies government is allotting budget for hazard involved in the implementation of this project mapping. are the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Philippine The workshop was also participated in Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical by NAMRIA, NEDA, HLURB, HUDCC and Services Administration (PAGASA), Mines other concerned agencies. and Geosciences Bureau, the Office of Civil Defense and the municipalities of Real, Infanta and General Nakar, Quezon Province. The REINA Project is funded by Tri-media representatives attended the the United Nations Development Workshop on the Role of Media in Tsunami Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Information Dissemination – Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN-OCHA). Its implementation date is from May-December, f. Seminar-Workshop on Initiating 2005. Earthquake Drills in Public Mass- Housing Projects The following are the project’s components and respective As a follow up to the Earthquake Drill Participants on the concluded Workshop on accomplishment: Figure 2. Map showing the locations of the strong motion sites: 4 in the coastal lowland (PSY, DBM, SAC, UST), conducted at the NHA-Aglipay multi-storey Hazard Mapping: Harmonization and 2 in the central plateau (PHV, MKT), 3 in the Marikina plain (MRK, ORT, PAT) and 1 in the east edge of Marikina housing project. A dialogue on the Prioritization 1. Hazards mapping importance of earthquake preparedness to Plain near Sierra Madre range (SKB) . residents of multi-storey mass housing Maps (1:10,000 scale) of various government projects between homeowners h. Printing of Earthquake Preparedness earthquake related hazards (ground rupture, and NHA officials was initiated. They were Posters ground shaking, liquefaction, tsunami and also informed on how PHIVOLCS-DOST earthquake-induced landslide) and can assist them prepare their earthquake Posters about earthquake meteorologic hazards (flood, flashflood, rain- preparedness plans through their own preparedness are effective means of induced landslide and storm surge) were initiatives. A total of 52 participants transmitting information. PHIVOLCS has produced. The maps were made available to representing the residents from the different published in the past two types of the municipal officials and planners and NHA housing projects, NHA and PHIVOLCS earthquake related posters: one dealing were used to inform the public of the officials. about the precautionary measures and the hazards. other on the PHIVOLCS Earthquake g. Workshop on Hazard Mapping: Intensity Scale (PEIS). However, these are 2. Public awareness and education Harmonization and Prioritization both in English. The new sets of posters published were translated into Filipino The knowledge given is in terms of a) A workshop on Hazard Mapping: language to be understood by more people. provision of primary knowledge and Harmonizing and Prioritizing Future A total of 10,000 new posters were printed. awareness on hazards and potential Activities was held on 19-20 October 2005 warning system, b) provision of their own at the Imperial Suites in Quezon City. The localized hazard and risk maps through workshop was jointly organized by UNDP-UN-OCHA Funded: where all future LGU planning will be based, PHIVOLCS-DOST, PAGASA-DOST, OCD- Strengthening the Disaster c) development of warning setup and NDCC and the MBG-DENR. PHIVOLCS Preparedness Capacities of the scheme for three sudden onset hazards attended by techicla personnel. Municipalities of Real, Infanta and namely landslides, flashfloods and tsunamis, and d) recommendations on how The following were accomplished Nakar to Geologic and Meteorological Hazards (REINA PROJECT) to make their communities safer from future during the workshop: (a) Grand plan to hazards. Two general assemblies in each of harmonize and prioritize hazard mapping The project “Strengthening the Disaster the three towns for a total of six workshops activity has been started and made possible were organized to present all the above by the results (inventory of the level and Preparedness Capacities of the Municipalities of Real, Infanta and Nakar to information to the communities of Real, status of hazard mappiung) of the workshop Infanta and General Nakar. A total of 662 on hazard mapping harmonization. (2) data Geologic and Meteorological Hazards (REINA PROJECT)” is multi-hazard and a participants consisting of local and barangay related to hazard mapping arec now known officials, DepEd officials and public school to each mapping agency and could be multi-agency initiative which tackled various Fig. 3. Map showing stations of crustal stress measuring equipment under CSCAN. 18 7 Table 1. Summary of seismic activity of 2005 from the Philippine Seismic Network. started in 1998 to provide basic materials teachers, NGOs, community leaders, and Hongkong, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Bulletins Issued used in strong motion prediction due to community members from REINA. Aside Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Issued Issued Month Recorded Plotted for Felt Earthquake Data Requested future major events near Metro Manila. The from the general assemblies, a series of Philippines, Papua New Guniea, Sri Lanka, 2005 Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Certification Maps Catalogue network consists of 10 Kinemetrics Digital barangay-level information-education Singapore and Vietnam. s s accelerographs deployed in different sub- campaign cum focus group discussion was Jan 859 191 5 4 9 3 surface geological conditions in the conducted in the municipalities of Real, Dr. Modesto Ortiz-Figueroa (CICESE- Feb 826 186 9 7 15 2 Metropolis. Figure 2 shows the locations of Infanta and Nakar from 9 August until 3 Centro de Investigacion Ceintifica y de Mar 881 188 10 5 12 - the strong motion sites, 4 in the coastal September 2005. The information campaign Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Mexico) Apr 602 140 7 4 13 - lowland (PSY, DBM, SAC, UST), 2 in the covered fifty-four (54) out of the total and Dr. Yuichiro Tanioka (Hokkaido May 715 188 5 3 7 - central plateau (PHV, MKT), 3 ) in the seventy-two (72) barangays of REINA. A University) facilitated the 10-day training- Jun 607 235 4 2 8 - Marikina plain (MRK, ORT, PAT and 1 in the total of 2,715 attended the barangay-level workshop thorugh a series of lectures and Jul 629 163 21 10 9 - east edge of Marikina plain near the Sierra seminars. Rain gauge installed at Nakar Municipality, hands-on computer exercises. Aug 656 180 20 5 9 - Madre range (SKB). All the instruments are Nakar, Quezon Province Sep 564 176 21 5 8 - operational and are in good working Cross-Cutting Capacity Development

Oct 536 190 4 4 6 1 conditions. 3. Development of a community-based (3CD) Program in Metro Manila International Training-Workshop on Nov 518 203 3 4 12 2 early warning system Dec 484 186 4 4 9 1 For the year 2005, the network had 54 Tsunami Modelling The Cross-Cutting Capacity strong motion data from 17 earthquake Warning system for three hazards: Total 7877 2226 113 57 117 9 Development (3CD) Program of the events near Metro Manila. One significant landslides, flashfloods, and tsunami were PHIVOLCS in collaboration with the Monthly Earthquake and Megacities Initiative (EMI) 656.41 185.5 9.4167 4.75 9.75 0.75 event that the network has picked-up was selected to be pilot-tested in the REINA area International Tsunami Information Center Average is a long term and interdisciplinary the Masbate Earthquake of 22 February utilizing the results of the hazard and risk (ITIC), International Association of mechanism aimed at assisting cities Daily 21.58 6.09 2005, very far yet recorded by the DBM and mapping. The community based early Seismology and Physics of the Earthq’s Average implement sound practices for disaster risk SAC stations. Two earthquake events warning system consisted of: 1) the Interior (IASPEI), International Association management. In the Philippines, 3CD recorded by most of the stations are the 09 installation of six (6) tipping bucket rain of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Program Implementation started in August, 13.558oN, 120.584oE with a depth of 95 19.201oN, 121.033oE. It has a shallow depth February 2005 and 03 April 2005 gauges and ten (10) direct reading rain Interior-Working Group on Subduction 2004 with the First City Workshop in kilometers and was felt at Intensity III in of 26 kilometers and was probably felt in the respectively. All the new data are archived gauges in selected sites; 2) establishment of Zones Located in Developing Countries Quezon City. PHIVOLCS’ is 3CD’s local Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Intensity II areas near the epicenter. and added to the Metro Manila strong a community-based rainfall monitoring (IASPEI-IAVCEI-WGSZLDC) sponsored an expert organization tasked to provide in Manila, Pasay, Indang, Cavite and motion database. system for flood and landslide hazards; 3) International Training Workshop on the required local knowledge and expertise, Alabang; and Intensity I in Tagaytay city. Magnitudes Ms 1.8, 5.8 and 5.7 development of hazard notification and Numerical Modelling of Tsunami for coordinate activities of the project in Metro Another significant event happened last May happened during the 4th quarter. The Crustal Stress and communication setup including the donation developing in Southeast Asia, the Pacific Manila and serve as liason between the 19, 2005 at 1417 (UTC) with a 5.2 Magnitude 1.8 is a significant event due to of forty (40) megaphones, eighty (80) bells and The Indian Ocean at PHIVOLCS local stakeholders and the 3CD international magnitude and was located 6.278oN, its shallow depth. It happened on November Community Awareness and 12 sets of two-way radios with base Conference Room last November 7-19 research team. Also, PHIVOLCS, through 125.771oE. It had an intermediate depth 17, 2005 at 0025Z (UTC). It was located Network aimed at enhancing response time during 2005. Director Renato U. Solidum, Jr., is a of 124 kilometers and was felt at Intensity III 8.994oN, 125.095oE with a depth of 26 emergencies; 4) design and dissemination member of the 3CD’s Program in Davao and Intensity II in Kidapawan city. kilometers and was felt at Intensity III in of hazard information in the form of The project entitled Crustal Stress Implementation Team composed of EMI Furthermore a Ms 5.3 happened on June Daet, Camarines Norte and Intensity II in signages for tsunami and landslide, flyers and Community Awareness Network experts and Institutional partners such as 22, 2005 at 0630 (UTC). It was located Naga, Camarines Sur. The magnitude Ms and posters; 5) testing of the early warning (CSCAN) operates and maintains a 10- the Pacific Disaster Center in Hawaii. 9.691oN, 126.399oE. It had a shallow depth 5.8 is also significant due to its large and evacuation plans of the community in stations of crustal stress in Luzon Island. National Research Institute of Earth Science of 11 kilometers and was felt at Intensity III magnitude but it was not felt in any areas the form of dry runs. The Small Dry Run From the data generated, possible and Disaster Prevention of Japan, in Butuan City; Intensity II in Cagayan de near the epicenter. It occurred last (November 15-17) included 10 pilot correlations between crustal stress and Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Research Oro City and Bislig, Surigao del Sur; and at November 25, 2005 at 0531Z (UTC) and barangays consisting of 132 Barangay earthquake data and other earthquake Center, Team 4 and the Research Center Intensity I in Surigao City and in Hibok- was located 5.693oN, 126.336oE. The Ms Disaster Coordinating Council members monitoring data are being determined for for Urban Safety and Security Kobe Hibok. 5.7 event happened on November 30, 2005 (BDCC); The Big Dry Run (December 15) earthquake prediction studies (Fig. 3). University, the MMDA and the three pilot at 1653Z (UTC). It was located 5.912oN, included the same pilot barangays Participants of the International Training- cities: Quezon, Makati and Marikina. Several moderately sized earthquakes 123.676oE. It had shallow depth of 30 consisting of 375 participants. These dry Workshop on Tsunami Modelling The mode of receiving crustal stress were recorded during the 3rd quarter. An Ms kilometers and was felt at Intensity V in runs were time motion intensive activities data from the field to the QC main office are In April this year, the 3CD Program 5.0 occurred last Jul 14, 2005 at 2253 Cotabato City and Palimbang, Sultan that showed that REINA Project assisted the as follows: organized a series of workshops and small (UTC). It was located at 10.644oN, Kudarat; Intensity IV in the cities of communities in developing their capacities The training-workshop aimed at (1) group meetings with MMDA, the three pilot 123.478oE with a depth of 26 kilometers and Pagadian and Tokorong; and Intensity III in to respond to emergencies specifically providing the participants the opportunity to 1. Data are gathered by volunteered and cities and other stakeholders relating to the was felt at Intensity V in Iloilo City; Intensity General Santos City. during high rainfall occurrences and during acquire knowledge in the field of tsunami trained local people. formulation and implementation of the IV in Bacolod City; Intensity III in the assessment. Overall, the collective numerical modeling to help them estimate Disaster Risk Management Master Plan Dumaguete; and Intensity II in Metro Cebu. efforts of the national agencies involved tsunami height, inundation or flood, and Operation and Maintenance: 2. Data are sent by fax or e-mail. (DRMMP) in Metro Manila. In August, a Two earthquakes with Ms 5.2 and 5.1 (PHIVOLCS/PAGASA/MGB/OCD) and the arrival time information which are all focus group based stakeholders workshop happened on the same day of August 6, Metro Manila Strong Motion local government units (LGUs) in the important and crucial for warning and 3. Data are processed by both Chinese was also initiated. The focus groups 2005. The Ms 5.2 event was located CBEWS enhanced the early warning and planning realistic evacuation routes and (2) Array (MMSTAR) and Philippine scientists. centered on the five areas of cooperation 11.835oN, 125.920oE at 1240 (UTC). It has disaster preparedness and response of the equipping the participants the necessary that the 3CD program has previously shallow depth of 5 kilometers and was felt at REINA communities. skills to carry out a tsunami mitigation The Metro Manila Strong Motion Array identified: 1) Information and Intensity III in Palo Leyte. The Ms 5.1 research in their home institution upon their Network (MMSTAR) in collaboration with Communication Technologies, 2) Land Use happened at 2025 (UTC). It was located return. The 16 participants came from Tokyo Institute of Technology (TIT), Japan Plans, 3) Disaster Management Training 6 19 Needs and Assessment, 4) Role of Non- ¾ “Workshop in Land Use and Urban coastal communities using information Government Organizations, Community- Planning Tools for Disaster Reduction”- generated by the tsunami detection system. based Organizations and Private Sector and designed for Metro Manila planning SSeeiissmm iicc MMoonniittoorriinn gg 5) Review of Legal and Institutional officers, and hosted by PHIVOLCS was C. A stakeholders training seminar Arrangements for Disaster Risk attended by 38 participants from Metro which will be conducted after the reliability equipment in some stations, particularly the flawed GPS readings. By November, the Management Delivery. PHIVOLCS is Manila LGUs. Through this workshop, test period of the system, to introduce the The main tasks of the personal computers which are at the end of GPS at Guinayangan station also indicated represented in all of the focus groups. planning officers were updated on system and to train them on proper Seismological Observation and their life spans. The following stations error in its display. practical tools and mechanisms that responses during tsunami emergencies. Earthquake Prediction Division became the major concerns of PHIVOLCS can be used to incorporate risk (SOEPD) are grouped into 1) Seismic for 2005. Seismic Data Processing and reduction concepts in their existing D. Tsunami hazard maps which will Observation and Network Development; planning machinery. indicate the shortest routes to grounds safe 2) Data Management ; and 3) Research For the manned stations: Management from tsunami inundation will be provided to and Development. Basco has not been operational since Establishment of a Local Tsunami officials of local communities to serve as For the year 2005, there were seven last year because of defective PCs. guide in formulating an effective tsunami 1) In the Seismic Observation and thousand eight hundred and seventy seven Warning System for Manila Bay and Anini-y’s operation has been on and off evacuation plan. Network Development, PHIVOLCS (7,877) recorded earthquakes; two thousand Vicinity because of PC breakdown, possibly operates and maintains 28 two hundred twenty six (2,226) of which because of frequent power failure. The area manned; 29 satellite-fed seismic were plotted; and one hundred seventeen The recent earthquake and tsunami is also said to be prone to lightning strikes. stations. It also operates 9 (117) events were felt (with issued bulletins). disaster that affected several countries in Zamboanga, Palayan, Puerto Galera, broadband stations and maintains The monthly average number of recorded the Indian Ocean has raised the concern of Kalibo, Callao and General Santos a seismic telemetry network of 6 earthquakes is 656 and the daily average 3CD on Disaster Management Master Plan held the Filipino public regarding the possibility of stations also had problems with their PCs. stations in Metro Manila. number of recorded earthquakes is 21.58. at Marikina Hotel, Marikina City a similar disaster to hit the country and if The rest had minor problems involving their there is an effective warning system The monthly average number of plotted 2) The Data Management has tallied PCs and electrical power supplies. emplaced for a tsunami-prone country like earthquakes is 185 and the daily average In December, PHIVOLCS actively the Philippines. On this note, The Philippine seven thousand eight hundred and The Mirador Hill station in Baguio City number of plotted earthquakes is 6 (Table participated in the organization of the three Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, in seventy seven (7,877) recorded has been renovated, courtesy of Japan 1). workshops conducted through the 3CD collaboration with the Government of earthquakes; plotted two thousand Marine Science and Technology Programs: Finland embarked on a project aimed at two hundred twenty six ( 2,226); (JAMSTEC) and Kyoto University. It is now There are one hundred seventeen establishing a tsunami early warning system and issued one hundred seventeen operating under the Ocean Hemisphere (117) felt events for the year 2005.The ¾ “Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction for high risk coastal communities facing the (117) earthquake bulletins. Project (OHP). The station has been re- Ms6.9 earthquake on February 09, 2005 in in Metropolitan Manila” -attended by 37 Manila Trench. These areas are located occupied on December 10, 2005 for the the areas of Davao and General Santos is officials of the Metropolitan Manila west of the Philippines which are presently 3) The Seismological Research and STS-1 broadband seismograph system with the largest event of the year. Development Authority. Its goals are to outside the coverage of the Pacific Tsunami Development projects include the the consent of the Manila Observatory and st strengthen the institutional capacities in Warning Center (PTWC) and the Northwest strong motion development in the Provincial Society of Jesuits of the For the 1 Quarter of the year, the disaster management of local and Pacific tsunami warning Center (NWPTIC). Metro Manila and Laoag City; Philippines. largest magnitude was 6.9. It happened on government units of Metro Manila’s The system will be composed of tsunami Crustal Stress and Community February 5 at 0823 (UTC). It was located governing regional body and enhance detection or wet sensors that will be located Awareness Network (CSCAN); and Satellite stations: 5.025oN, 123.529oE with a depth of 558 MMDA’s capacity in integrating disaster on islands near potential tsunami zones Ground Motion Estimation and Site kilometers and was felt at Intensity III in the risk reduction in its regular planning linked through a reliable communication Response. San Jose in Oriental Mindoro, Baler in cities of General Santos and Davao. and operations. system to information receiving center at Aurora, Palanan and Cauayan in Isabela, Another moderate-size earthquake PHIVOLCS office in Quezon City. and Mati in Davao Oriental had transmission happened last February 22 at 0320 (UTC). It ¾ “3rd City Workshop in Metro Manila for Seismic Observation and problems either due to solar panel-battery has a magnitude 5.7 and was located the Cross-Cutting Capacity With this project, PHIVOLCS and system or wiring connections. 12.703oN, 123.101oE, with a shallow depth Development (3CD) Program”- hosted Finland Government expect to accomplish Network Development of 19 kilometers and was felt at varying Telemetry stations: by the Marikina City Government on the following: intensities: Intensity IV in Masbate, Masbate; Intensity III in the cities of Roxas; Dec 2, is a continuation of the focus The Philippine Institute of Volcanology The station at Angono, Rizal had Naga; and Irosin, Sorsogon; Intensity II in group discussion during the second A. A tsunami early warning system for and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) is currently difficulty with battery maintenance because Lucban, Quezon; and Intensity I in Cainta, city workshop held August 2005 in warning coastal communities of Metropolitan operating 28 manned; 29 satellite-fed; and 6 the solar panel cannot produce enough Rizal. A Ms 5.4 happened on February 9 at Makati City. Some 60 participants from Manila which will involve the design, Metro Manila telemetry seismic stations. Its sunlight as vegetation covered the area 2059 (UTC). It was located at 13.699oN, the three pilot cities (Quezon City, fabrication and deployment of tsunami primary aim is to issue timely earthquake intensively. Puerto Azul and Norzagaray 120.353oE. It had an intermediate depth of Makati and Marikina), MMDA detection sensors (wet sensors) on islands and tsunami bulletins/ information when stations have resumed normal operations 89 kilometers and was felt in Nasugbu, PHIVOLCS, NDCC/OCD, NGOs, and near tsunami source zones at a needed, and to generate quality earthquake starting the third quarter of the year after re- Batangas at Intensity IV; Intensity III in professional organizations attended predetermined distance from the coasts of data for global data exchange and alignment of their seismometer chambers. Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro; and Pasay this workshop. Results of the the metropolis and linked through a reliable seismological researches.

discussions will be used in developing communication system to a tsunami STS-2 stations: City; and at Intensity II in Quezon City,

and implementing an ensemble of information receiving center at PHIVOLCS Most of the stations and equipment Makati, Tagaytay and Clark, Pampanga.

action plans that together constitute a main office in Quezon City. performed at 100% during the year. These Palayan station was temporarily un- nd city-level disaster risk management stations permitted recording of 7,877 operational in June when the recorder was The largest magnitude for 2 Quarter

master plan. B. A communication scheme for earthquakes. However, PHIVOLCS’s drenched with rainwater during a storm. The is magnitude Ms 5.4. It happened on April 3,

warning the threatened highly populated challenge now is to maintain the aging equipment was repaired except for the 2005 at 0141 (UTC). It was located at 20 5 Located earthquakes from January to June and November to December showed small clusters of epicenters in the southern TTEECCHHNNIICCAA LL SSUUPPPPOORRTT SSEERRVV IICCEESS part of the Main Crater Lake down to Calauit area, located at the South-Southeast side of Development and Operation analyses of the Taal Volcano Island Crater other methods require the sample to be Volcano Island. Dominant depths of Lake waters which are being sampled placed in gaseous medium with standard earthquakes were within 5 kilometers of Management Information periodically. atmospheric pressure, the dried paper of the beneath the volcano. When Taal’s seismic System filter paper method can be measured in the activity increased again in late October, Production of glass beads or fused vacuum. However, since the filter paper is earthquakes located particularly during the disks and pellets was done prior to analysis now the matrix of the samples to be months of November and December was of the standard reference materials in the measured, background scattering is The MIS configured and installed proxy generally confined at the southern and machine. Normally, samples are powdered increased causing the lower limit of servers for the two wide area network eastern sides of the Main Crater Lake. in either pre-contaminated tungsten carbide detection to deteriorate. (WAN) connections. These WAN are the for 2 minutes. 0.7 gram of this rock powder PREGINET-ASTI and the PLDT-DSL. The As of 31 December, earthquake at Taal is then weighed into a platinum crucible with For the year 2006, these methods will MIS also installed and configured a File continued to show an increasing trend. 7.0 grams of pure lithium metaborate, be further tested in a series of runs using Transfer Protocol (FTP) server with a additional ammonium nitrate oxidant and unknown samples. These unknown samples modified port for security. The MIS wired the Precise leveling surveys conducted at mixed well. Fusion to 1000oC in platinum are rocks that were collected during conference room for internet connection. the Pira-piraso, Calauit, New Eruption Site crucibles is conducted in an automated fieldworks of the various technical personnel Network connection is important in the and Alas-as leveling lines during the Classie Fluxy. For the pressed powder pellet of PHIVOLCS. Most of these unknown conference room during conferences, January 2005 and August 2005 technique, 7g of sample is homogenized samples came from volcanoes listed in the lectures and seminars. A project report measurements indicated insignificant Kanlaon Volcano exhibited ash ejections which started from 21 January to 25 May 2005 with 1.4g of a wax binding agent and catalogue of active volcanoes of the about the proposed PHIVOLCS Main Office inflation or deflation. The results did not pressed to produce a solid briquette. Institute. Fieldwork will also be conducted in LAN Topology and a master thesis about indicate magma intrusion. the volcanoes where the Institute does not proposed open source PHIVOLCS web site rose from 100 to about 1,000 meters above Water samples are analyzed using filter have any samples yet. Periodic water Pinatubo Volcano and intranet system was submitted to Observations of the Main Crater the active crater. The prevailing winds paper method. With filter paper method, a sampling of Taal Volcano Island Crater Lake PHIVOLCS Science and Technology library. showed no significant change in the primary dispersed the ash predominantly over the small amount of liquid is dropped on a filter will also be continued in order to refine the A PHIVOLCS Main Office Network Topology monitored parameters. Water temperature, mid-upper slopes (within 4 km of the active Pinatubo Volcano continued to remain paper and the dried paper containing the techniques of the laboratory in analyzing Diagram and was made and posted in the bubbling activity associated with escape of crater) in the Southwest, Northwest, in repose throughout 2005. Volcanic non-volatile elements is measured. While water samples. server room. gases and fluids from beneath the crater Southeast and Northeast sectors of the earthquakes rarely occurred and steam floor and pH values remained within normal volcano. After 25 May, a general decreasing emission from the summit caldera was not levels. trend was noted as ash ejections stopped observed. No significant lahar flow event and ash contents in the steam plume were was also detected or reported. X-Ray Fluorescence significantly reduced. Since then, only weak Laboratory Kanlaon Volcano to moderate steam emission was observed

at the summit crater of Kanlaon Volcano Bulusan Volcano The XRF Laboratory became In 2005, Kanlaon Volcano exhibited a with low levels of seismic activity. operational in January of 2005. During this series of short-lived minor ash ejections In 2005, Bulusan Volcano was month there have been several runs that from 21 January to 25 May. Vigorous There was also a downtrend in the constantly quiet. No significant volcanic were conducted in order to establish steaming followed by several outbursts of SO2 gas emission rate from a high of 4,900 earthquake occurred and very low seismicity calibration curves using standard reference ash-laden steam clouds that occurred on tonnes per day to the prevailing level of level prevailed all throughout. Steam materials (SRM’s). The calibration curve March 20, 24, 30 and 31 indicated that the 1,500 tonnes per day. The absence of emission at the summit crater varied from shall be the basis from which composition of volcano has entered a low-level episode of significant seismic activity before, during wispy to weak and temperature readings of unknown samples will be inferred. The unrest characterized by brief explosions and after the ash emissions and the non- hotspring #1 at Mateo Resort ranged from composition of the SRM’s is a compilation of caused by shallow hydrothermal activity. appearance of any other significant 0 0 47.0 C to 47.5 C. analyses of known rock samples by different observation indicated that the activity was laboratories all over the world. A total of 25 A volcano Advisory was issued on 21 predominated by near-surface hydrothermal standard reference materials (SRM’s) were January and Alert Level 1 was raised on 30 activity. There was also no indication of analyzed in the course of three months March to remind the public to strictly magma intrusion. Hibok-Hibok Volcano since it started its operation. These standard observe the 4-km radius Permanent Danger reference materials (SRM’s) were provided Zone (PDZ). All treks to the summit were In view of the decline in activity, the Hibok-Hibok Volcano in Camiguin in form of 8 gram powdered samples to also suspended because steam and ash alert status of Kanlaon Volcano was lowered Island, Northern Mindanao remained in PHIVOLCS by Michigan State University at explosion may suddenly occur without from Alert Level 1 to Alert Level 0 on 30 repose during the entire 2005. The East Lansing through the efforts of Dr. warning. Further ash emissions were June 2005 to reflect the return of volcanic volcano’s seismic network rarely detected Thomas A. Vogel. manifested in April and May. Seventy-three activity to normal condition. Since then, no volcanic earthquakes. Steam emission at PHIVOLCS staff analyzes samples using the X-Ray Flourescence machine (73) minor ash ejections were documented. unusual volcano-related activity was the volcano's upper Southeast slope and at In collaboration with the other projects These were characterized by emission of observed or reported. Steam emission at the Kanangkaan Lava Flow was generally weak of the Institute, the XRF Laboratory also steam clouds with minor ash contents that volcano's summit crater was generally weak to nil. runs tests on water samples. These water to no steaming. sample standards will be the basis for 4 21 Alert Level 2 was reiterated to remind trend. By June, Taal’s seismic network some island residents to the mainland. On the public of ongoing activity and adviced detected less than one earthquake per day. 10 and January at 9:48 A.M., observers HHUUMMAA NN RREESSOOUURRCCEE SS people to strictly observe the 6-km radius conducting field investigation at the Permanent Danger Zone around the Again, Taal Volcano’s seismic activity Southeast sector of the island felt one event As of year end PHIVOLCS has a total Tables 3 to 4 are the lists of volcano. slowly increased beginning 24 October at Intensity 1. Hence, it is likely that some workforce of 206 out of 232 positions, 26 of PHIVOLCS personnel with doctorate 2005. From 24 – 31 October, an average of or most of the bigger-size earthquakes which were vacant. Furthermore, three (3) degrees and those who are pursuing PhDs. two earthquakes was recorded per day. In might have been felt near the epicenter non-regular positions were abolished by Tables 5 to 6 are the lists of PHIVOLCS Taal Volcano November and December, daily earthquake (Main Crater Lake to Calauit Point) but were PHIVOLCS due to Executive Order 366 in personnel with Ms degrees and personnel count averaged 3 and 5 earthquakes per not documented or reported. accordance with the rationalization scheme who are pursuing Ms degrees. Tables 7 to 8 day, respectively indicating a gradual of the government. are the listing of PHIVOLCS officials and In January 2005, Taal Volcano’s increase in the number of detected seismic When Taal’s seismic activity increased staff who attended foreign and local increased seismic activity persisted events (Fig. 1). Occasionally, large trace again residents of Volcano Island, PHIVOLCS hiring of vacant positions trainings for the year 2005. characterized by the occurrences of felt amplitude earthquakes were detected, some particularly those at the northern and were also hindered due to the government earthquakes and caused some island recorded at maximum deflection. eastern slopes reportedly felt the directive on economy saving measure, residents to temporarily evacuate. The earthquakes that occurred on November 21 Administrative Order 103. number of earthquakes having relatively Some of the distinct earthquakes at 8:54 AM; November 22 at 8:29 PM and large trace amplitudes also increased. On occurred on 09 January 2005 at 7:45 PM November 23 at 7:11 AM. However, no Table 3. List of Personnel with PhD 13 February, the earthquake count suddenly and 7:46 PM and were felt at Volcano Island earthquake during this period was strong rose to 20 events per day. But beginning 01 at intensities III and II, respectively. These enough to cause damage or induce rock March, seismic activity showed a decreasing events caused temporary evacuation of falls or landslides. Year Name Degree/ Course School Attended Obtained

Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Ph D in Earth Sciences 2002 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, USA

Teresito C. Bacolcol Ph D in Geology 2002 Pierre et Marie Curie Universite, Paris, France

Norman M. Tungol Ph D in Engineering Geology 2002 University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

Arturo S. Daag Ph D in Applied Geomorphology and Engineering 2002 International Aerospace Survey and Geophysics Science Geology Enschede, The Netherlands

Rolly E. Rimando Ph D in Geological Sciences 2001 State University of New York at Binghamton, New York, USA

Babyjane T. Punongbayan Ph D in Geophysics 2001 Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France

Bartolome C. Bautista Doctor of Science in Earth and Planetary Sciences 1999 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Doctor of Science in Earth and Planetary Sciences 1999 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Jessie A. Daligdig Doctor of Science in Earth and Planetary Science 1997 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Glenda M. Besana Doctor of Science in Earth and Planetary Sciences 1995 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Ernesto G. Corpuz Ph D in Geology 1992 University of Canterbury, New Zealand

Table 4. List of PHIVOLCS personnel with PhD degrees in progress

Degree/ Course Expected Year To Name School Attended Be Completed

Winchelle Ian G. Sevilla Ph D in Geological Sciences 2008 Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, USA

Janette S. Manahan Doctor of Science in Earth and Planetary Sciences 2008 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Ma. Hannah T. Mirabueno Ph. D in Geology 2009 Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

Fig 1. 2005 epicentral map of Taal Volcano

22 3 Table 5. PHIVOLCS Personnel with MS Degree

Year VVOOLLCCAANNOO MMOONNIITTOORRIINNGG Name Degree/Course School Attended Obtained

Nemesio M. Canete Master in Public Administration 1996 Leyte Normal University, Leyte Mayon, Taal and Kanlaon volcanoes The volcano’s status was lowered from Mayon Volcano Alert Level 1 to Level Zero on 30 June Ma. Mylene M. Villegas MS in Geology 1997 Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA continued to be restive in 2005. Ground 2005. deformation studies, SO2 flux output, crater Mayon Volcano’s existing unrest Rowena B. Quiambao MS in Integrated Map and Geo-information Production. 1997 International Aerospace Survey and Geophysics Science (ITC) Enschede, The Netherlands glow and the growth of a lava dome inside prevailed again throughout 2005. Ground the summit crater all indicated that Mayon While Mayon and Taal are being deformation studies, SO2 flux output, crater closely monitored, PHIVOLCS continued to Esmeralda L. Banganan MS in Materials Science Engineering 1997 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Q.C. remained at Alert Level 2. As a result, glow and the occurrence of a growing lava conduct repair and maintenance works at people were not allowed to enter inside the dome inside the summit crater all indicated Sheila I. Insauriga Master in Public Administration 1999 University of Sto. Tomas, Espana, Manila all the newly established seismic stations volcano’s 6-kilometer radius Permanent of Mayon’s unstable condition and its status in the other six (6) active volcanoes. Ramil B. Atando Master in Public Management 1999 University of the Philippines, Visayas, Iloilo City Danger Zone. The southeast slopes were was maintained at Alert Level 2 all Additional remote seismic stations were also identified as high risk area due to throughout. Entry into the volcano’s 6- Nanette V.A. Melosantos Master in Public Management 2001 University of Sto. Tomas, Espana, Manila also established at Mayon and Taal. possible life threatening volcanic flows and kilometer radius Permanent Danger Zone Rebecca E. Valenzuela Master in Business Administration 2002 Wesleyan University, Taft Avenue, Manila falling and rolling debris. (PDZ) was strictly prohibited especially The volcano surveillance networks within the Southeast sector where volcanic established across the country under the Ma. Hannah T. Mirabueno MS in Geology 2002 University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Taal Volcano’s earthquake activity flows, falling and rolling debris maybe PHIVOLCS-JICA Phase IIB Project has briefly built up in January with the produced from a possible explosion. Perla J. Delos Reyes MS in Geology 2004 University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand been gathering streams of high quality occurrence of felt events that caused some volcano data on near real-time to real-time Jeffrey S. Perez MS in Civil & Environmental Engineering 2004 Saitama University, Saitama, Japan island residents to temporarily evacuate. Several pictures taken of the summit basis. The monitoring system is Seismic activity further increased on 13 crater in mid-2005 indicated a growing lava Winchelle Ian B. Sevilla MS in Geology 2004 Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, USA instrumental in spotting early signs of February when the daily earthquake count pile on the crater floor. This was confirmed volcanic unrest. Earthquakes are now Ma. Carmencita B. Arpa MS in Geology 2005 Michigan State University, Michigan, USA rose to 20 events but began to decline in through an aerial survey conducted on 17 rapidly and accurately located and March until it reaches to less than one August. The lava dome resulted from slow important earthquake parameters are Janette S. Manahan MS in Earth & Planetary Sciences 2005 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan earthquake per day in June. After a brief extrusion of magma following the series of calculated such as location, depth and lull, a resurgence in the volcano’s seismic ash explosions. Measurements of the lava Ma. Antonia V. Bornas MS in Earth & Planetary Sciences 2005 Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan magnitude. activity occurred in late October. Since dome using a Theodolite instrument Maricel R. Lendio Master Information Technology 2005 Technological University of the Philippines, Manila then, an increasing trend in Taal’s seismic suggested very slow growth. Rate of growth The streams of high quality data activity prevailed until 31 December. On in terms of measured width was not Felomina F. Cayabyab MA in Community Development 2005 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Q.C. generated by the Phase IIB system provide the other hand, Kanlaon Volcano exhibited reflective of the true size as the entire basal PHIVOLCS updated information on the a series of short-lived ash ejections that width was not clearly viewed from the current activity and status of the six began on 21 January and lasted until 25 observation point. This can also be due to permanentl y monitored active volcanoes May. After 25 May, explosions stopped collapse or cave-in of its weak upper portion nationwide. However, as in previous years, and ash contents in the steam plume were that broke and fall into fragments inside the essential repair and maintenance works significantly reduced. Since then, activity crater floor as it solidifies. Table 6. List of PHIVOLCS personnel with MS degrees in progress were undertaken to restore the remote was predominated by weak to moderate seismic monitoring equipment because steam emission from Kanlaon’s active Precise leveling measurements breakdowns continued to recur from time Name Degree/ Course Date Started School Attended summit crater with low levels of seismic conducted in February 2005 to September activity. to time. 2005 of the three radial leveling lines located at NW (Buang), SE (Lidong) and Kathleen L. Papiona MS in Geology 2003 Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan SW (Anoling) quadrants of Mayon Volcano indicated a gradual slight inflation of the Mon Pierre G. Menguito MS in Remote Sensing 2003 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City

volcano’s edifice following the 2001 Teodorico, A. Sandoval, MS Geology 2003 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City eruption. The inflation was ascribed to volcanically induced ground deformation Angelito G. Lanuza MA in Urban & Regional Planning 2004 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City brought by incremental intrusion of magma Ma. Lynn. P. Melosantos Master in Public Management 2004 Development Academy of the Philippines, Pasig City into the upper levels of the volcano. However, the November 2005 survey Janila B. Deocampo, MS in Seismology 2005 Yokohama University, Yokohama, Japan showed a deflationary trend suggesting that intrusion of magma began to ceased. This Paul Karson B. Alanis MS in Seismology 2005 Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

was evident from the rate of growth of the Rhommel, N. Grutas MS in Civil and Environmental Engineering 2005 Saitama University, Saitama, Japan lava dome. The lack of remarkable seismic events also suggested that there was no Ma. Isabel T. Abigania MS in Geology 2005 University of the Philippines, Diliman, Q.C. active transport of magma to shallow levels. Edgardo S. Balbuena MS in Computer Science 2005 AMA Computer College, Proj. 8, Q.C.

Growing lava pile on the crater floor of Mayon Volcano

2 23 Table 7. Foreign trainings, seminars and conferences attended by PHIVOLCS staff. PHIVOLCS has spent a big part of the volcano with a recommendation to its resources for a continuous operation the public to keep away from the six- and maintenance of its national seismic kilometer permanent danger zone. The Title of Activity Name of Participants Venue Duration network and volcano observatories status of the monitored volcanoes were which is composed of 29 manned disseminated to the residents, local Hokuddan 2005 International Symposium on Active Faulting Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Japan Jan 17-19, '2005 seismic stations, 30 unmanned remote authorities and the tri-media through EQ and Megacities Initiative on (EMI) Annual Symposium on Norman M. Tuñgol stations with satellite communications informal meetings and issuance of Risk Management for Megacities in Asia Japan Jan 20-22, '2005 and 6 volcano observatories. volcano bulletins. ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Regional Cooperation on Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Thailand Mar 16-18, 2004 PHIVOLCS also operates a number of Tsunami Early Warning Arrangement monitoring equipment such as short and In the public education forefront,

Training on Spatial Data Sharing Using Free and Open Source Maricel R. Lendio Thailand Feb 24-25 2005 broadband seismographs, strong motion PHIVOLCS organized local and Software accelerographs, and crustal-stress international workshops and seminars HH stations, among others. and actively participated in disaster Technical Meeting on Northwest Pacific Tsunami Information Bartolome C. Bautista Japan Mar 10-17, 2005 education activities in collaboration with Service Meeting of the research project "Strategic Development Studies PHIVOLCS recorded 7,877 other government agencies as well as

on Symboisis Technologies with the purpose of Urban Building II earthquakes for the year 2005. This other sectors. PHIVOLCS was also host Stock Refurbishment showed a monthly average of 656 to one international training-workshop, Group Training Course on Volcanology and Comprehensive Ramon Simeona G. Julabar Japan Mar 15-18 Sept 2005 events or a daily average of 21 events. the Tsunami Numerical Modelling which Sediment Related Disaster Preventive Measures GG Out of the total recorded events, 2,226 was sponsored by several international

events were plotted (located and organizations. International Training Symposium for Typhoon and Flood Perla J. Delos Reyes Taiwan Mar 21-25 2005 magnitude computed). One hundred Disaster Reduction HH seventeen (117) earthquake bulletins Another notable undertaking for

Multi-temporal Satellite Image Processing and Analysis of the Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Bangkok, Thailand. Mar 28 to 1-Apr-05 were issued for felt events. The most 2005 is the United Nations Development Impact of the December 26th Tsunami Event Ishmael C. Narag significant event was the Ms 6.9 Programme-Office for the Coordination L L earthquake of February 09, 2005 which of Humanitarian Affairs (UNDP-OCHA) -

27th ASIA Pacific Dental Congress Bartolome C. Butista Kuala Lumpur, May 25-29. 2005 was felt at intensity III in Davao and supported project entitled Malaysia I Gen. Santos City. Although the “Strengthening the Disaster Tsunami Deposits and their Role in Hazard Mitigation Ishmael C. Narag Washington Jun 12-15, 2005 I magnitude was large, the event was Preparedness Capacities of the Ma. Isabel T. Abigania D.C. Usa deep-seated and no damage was municipalities of Real, Infanta and

High Level General Meeting on Technical Options for Disaster Bartolome C. Bautista Bangkok, Thailand Jun 22-25, 2005 reported in adjacent communities. Nakar, Quezon Province, Philippines to Management System Ernesto G. Corpuz GG Geologic and Meteorological Hazards”

1st International Symposium of the Jeju Volcano Institute Ernesto G. Corpuz Jeju Prov. Korea Jul 22-25, 2005 The status of the eight most active aka REINA project. This project was a volcanoes of the country was also multi agency collaboration with Second Field Workshop for Volcanic Hazard Mitigation Rudy A. Lacson Indonesia Sept 21-23, 2005 HH monitored continuously by PHIVOLCS PHIVOLCS as lead agency and the Raymond R. Maximo with the operation of manned Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical,

5th Regional Training Course on Tsunami and Earthquake Arturo S. Daag Phuket, Thailand Sept 21-23, 2005 observatories in each of the six most Astronomical Services Administration Vulnerability Reduction for Cities TT active volcanoes, namely: Pinatubo, (PAGASA), Mines and Geosciences

Asian Academic Seminar Teresito C. Bacolcol Nagoya, Japan Sept 26 to 5 Oct. 2005 Taal, Mayon, Bulusan, Kanlaon and Bureau-Department of Environment Raymond R. Maximo Hibok-hibok. In addition, General (MGB-DENR) and Office of Civil Rainier M. Amilbahar SS Santos Seismic Station is monitoring Defense (OCD) as other implementing Asian Conference on Disaster Reduction Ma. Leonila P. Butista Beijing, China Sept 27-29, 2005 two other volcanoes, Matutum and agencies had three components: hazard Parker, thru a radio-telemetry system. mapping, early warning development Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Reduction Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Indonesia Sept 26-29, 2005 and public education. The cooperation Twentieth Session of The International Coordination Group for Bartolome C. Bautista Thailand Oct 3-7, 2005 Although Kanlaon Volcano and active participation forged among the Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific manifested several minor ash emissions the stakeholders (local governments

GTC: On Mitigation Strategy for Mega-Urban Earthquake Roberto B. Tiglao Japan Oct 10 To Nov 26, 2005 in April and May 2005, after an and residents of Real, Infanta and Disaster assessment of all its activities, its Alert General Nakar), the multi-government

Counterpart Personnel for the Project Improvement of Baby Jane T. Punongbayan Japan Oct 11, 2005 To Level was lowered from 1 to 0 together agencies involved as well some non- Earthquake and Volcano Monitoring System in the Philippines Mar 25, 2006 with that of Taal Volcano on June 30. government organizations made the On the other hand, PHIVOLCS issued REINA project a success and a good GTC: Global Seismological Observation Myleen E. Carlos Japan Oct 18 To Dec 17, 2005 an Advisory on August 23, 2005 to prototype for future projects. On Site Inspection (OSI) Sixth Experimental Advance Course Esmeralda L. Banganan Slovak Republic Oct 24-28, 2005 confirm lava accumulation within the summit of the crater of Mayon Volcano Training Program for Seismic Design of Structure Robinson F. Jorgio Taipei, Taiwan Oct 24-28, 2005 and reiterated the Alert Level 2 status of

24 1 Table 7. continued…

Title of Activity Name of Participants Venue Duration

Natural Disaster Mitigation in Small Island Developing Joan C. Salcedo Mauritius Oct 27-29, 2005 Countries

Workshop on Research and Management Landslide Disaster Arturo S. Daag Hanoi, Vietnam Nov 10-11, 2005 in Vietnam.

Workshop on Developing a Strategy for Megacities Disaster Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Kobe, Japan Nov 11-12, 2005 Risk Mitigation

Table 8. Local trainings, seminars and conferences attended by PHIVOLCS staff

Title of Activity Name of Participants Venue Duration

Earthquake Awareness And Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Rhomel N. Grutas Baler, Aurora Jan 26-27, 2005 Preparedness Worskhop For Baby Jane T. Punongbayan Danilo C. Tacadino Local Officials And Teachers Angelito G. Lanuza Alfredito D. Aguilar Ishmael C. Narag Ruben C. Lamela Myleen E. Carlos Numeriano L. Valencia Joan C. Salcedo Teodorico J. Manabat Ester B. Garrido Orlando S. Abengoza Renato A. Arante Edwin M. Ariola Dindo V. Javier

Qmail Server Edgardo S. Balbuena Linux Labs, Makati City Mar 14 to 18, 2005

DOST-wide Science Employees Emma C. Paguiligan Rebecca E. Valenzuela STII Mini Theater May 17, 2005 Congress Filomena C. Perez Monsita O. Olavere Juan M. Cordon, Jr. Eleuterio G. Adonis Rowena B. Quiambao

Monitoring and Evaluation of Myla D. Panol U.P Diliman, Q.C. May 16-20, 2005 Programs and Projects.

Emergency Response and Safety Salvador A. Cesario Lawrence D. Arteza Baguio City May 20, 2005 EXPO 2005

Trainer's Training on School Bartolome C. Bautista Erlinton B. Olavere Ponciano Bernardo May 26-27, 2005 Earthquake Drill Leonila P. Bautista Henremagne C. Penarubia Elementary School, Mylene M. Villegas Joan C. Slacedo Q.C. Ishmael C. Narag Roberto B. Tiglao Babyjane T. Punongbayan Myla D. Panol Angelito G. Lanuza Renato A. Arante Myleen E. Carlos Richard L. Ballon Imelda V. Guanio Eumelia C. Belo Celestino S. Saquilon Ruben C. Lamela Paolo D. Reniva Melcario D. Pagtalunan Vilma C. Hernandez

Scientific Symposium on Disaster Delfin C. Garcia Erlinda Q. Amin Westin Phil. Plaza Jul 15, 2005 Preparedness and Mitigation – Arturo S. Daag Joan C. Salcedo Hotel, Pasay City NSTW 2005 Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Narciso F. Diongzon Bartolome C. Bautista Madonna L. Ramos Ernesto G. Corpuz Paul Karson B. Alanis Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Roberto B. Tiglao Ishmael C. Narag Jeffrey S. Perez Babyjane T. Punongbyan Celestino S. Saquilon Esmeralda L. Banganan

Philippine eLib Orientation Leah M. Pinca National Library, T. M. Jul 18, 2005 Kalaw, Manila.

25 Table 8. Continued…

TABLE OF CONTENT S Title of Activity Name of Participants Venue Duration TABLE OF CONTENT S

Metro Manila-wide Earthquake Drill Bartolome C. Bautista Henremagne C. Penarubia Fort Bonifacio High Jul 28, 2005 for Public Schools. Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Melcario P. Pagtalunan School, Makati City Baby Jane T. Punongbayan Celestino S. Saquilon Ishmael C. Narag Myleen E.Carlos Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Ruben C. Lamela Joan C. Salcedo Vilma C. Hernandez Esmeralda L. Banganan Roberto B. Tiglao Renato A. Arante Paolo D. Reniva Erlinton B. Olavere Imelda V. Guanio Reynaldo V. Javier

Linux Desktop Using Bayanihan Esfeca T. Del Mundo ASTI Computer Lab. Aug 10, 2005 Linux V.3-1. ASTI Building Office Productivity Using Open HHiigghhlliigghhttss 11 Office

Running Multimedia Applications Edgardo S. Balbuena ASTI Computer Lab. Aug 23, 2005 Over The Internet ASTI Building Setting Up Basic Open Source VVoollccaannoo MMoonniitto orriinngg 22 Network Service

Environmental Management Narciso F. Diongzon Marilou V. del Rosario MIRDC, Bicutan, Sept 13-14, 2005 System/ ISO Taguig City

Energy Audit Charlita L. Mariano DOST Executive Sept 15-16, 2005 SSeeiissmmiicc MMoonniittoo rriinngg 55 Lounge, Taguig City

Product Awareness Charlita L. Mariano Crown Plaza Hotel, Sept 20, 2005 Katherine V. Veracruz Manila Grand Ballroom Ortigas Center, Pasig City SS&&TT SSeerrvviicceess 88

2005 National Public Sector Labor Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Juan M. Cordon Ramon Magsaysay Sept 22, 2005 Management Bartolome C. Bautista Renato A. Arante Hall, 2F SSS Bldg. East Ronaldo A. Arboleda Ave. Q.C. RR&&DD PPrroojjeeccttss 1111 Use of Web-based Information Narciso F. Diongzon STII Multipurpose Hall Sept 29, 2005 System DOST Comp. Bicutan, Taguig

Design and Administration of Ma. Mylene M. Villegas U.P. Diliman, Q.C. Oct 12-14, 2005 Training Programs TTeecchhnniiccaall SSuuppppoorrtt SSeerrvviicceess 2211

Hazard Mapping: Harmonizing and Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Ma. Antonia V. Bornas Imperial Palace Suites, Oct 19-20, 2005 Prioritizing Future Activities Bartolome C. Bautista Esfeca T. Del Mundo Q.C. Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Narciso F. Diongzon Ishmael C. Narag Myla D. Panol Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Melchor P. Lasala HHuummaann RReessoouurr cceess 2222 Joan C. Salcedo Raymond R. Maximo Esmeralda L. Banganan Melcario D. Pagtalunan Renato A. Arante Eumelia C. Belo Erlinton B. Olavere Maricel P. Lendio Perla J. Delos Reyes Paolo D. Reniva Ma. Lynn P. Melosantos Ernesto G. Corpuz FFiinnaanncciiaall RReessoou urrcceess 2288 Ma. Carmencita B. Arpa

Human Resource Management Filomena C. Perez Marlon R. Lumanog ASTI Bldg. C.P. Garcia Nov 10, 2005 Information System

Hands-on Training on Upgraded Narciso F. Diongzon Ave. U.P. Campus. Nov 8, 2005 Version of SOPHOS Diliman, Q.C.

Viruses Awareness : End user Maricel R. Lendio Marlon R. Lumanog ASTI Bldg. C.P. Garcia Nov 10, 2005 aspects Ave. U.P. Campus. Diliman, Q.C.

26 Table 8. continued…

Title of Activity Name of Participants Venue Duration

International Training-Workshop: Ishmael C. Narag Joan C. Salcedo PHIVOLCS Bldg.C.P. Nov 7-19, 2005 Numerical Modelling of Tsunami for Esmeralda L. Banganan Erlinton B. Olavere Garcia Ave. U.P. Developing Countries in the Campus, Diliman, Q..C. Southeast Asia, the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Nov 16-20, 2005 AGU Chapman Conference on the Carmencita B. Arpa Taal Vista Hotel, Effects of Basements, Structure, Tagaytay City and Stratigraphic Heritage on Volcano Behavior. Nov 23-24, '2005 Internal Audit Best Practices Marilou V. Del Rosario AFP Commissioned Officers Club. Camp Aguinaldo, Q.C. Nov 23-25, 2005 Multi Hazard Disaster Awareness Bartolome C. Bautista Paolo D. Reniva Sorsogon, Sorsogon. and Preparedness and Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Narciso F. Diongzon Earthquake Seminar Drill Ishmael C. Narag Charmaine Q. Villanueva Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Henrenagne C. Ernesto G. Corpuz Penarubia Renato A. Arante Vilma C. Ernandez Ruben C. Lamela Raymond R. Maximo Angelito G. Lanuza Jaime S. Sincioco Erlinton B. Olavere Eduardo E. Joan C. Salcedo Laguerta Edwin G. De La Cruz Nov 29-30, 2005 DOST Rules on Procedure Bartolome C. Bautista Marilou V. Del Rosario DOST Executive Nanette V.A Melosantos Lounge, Bicutan, Taguig, MM Nov 30-Dec 1, 2005 Volcanic Hazards Awareness Bartolome C. Bautista Jaime S. Sincioco Taal Volcano Seminar-Workshop for Taal Volcano Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Esfeca T. Delmundo Island Residents Julio P. Sabit Celestino S. Saquilon Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Alex A. Cabrera Ernesto G. Corpuz Nov 25, 2005 Experts Database System Marlon R. Lumanog ASTI Bldg. C.P. Garcia Ave. U.P. Campus, Dil. Q.C. Nov 29, 2005 Documents Tracking System Rosalia U. Santos

The Role of Media in Tsunami Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Raymond R. Maximo PHIVOLCS Auditorium, Dec 7, 2005 Information Dissemination Erlinda Q. Amin, Ma. Lynn Melosantos PHIVOLCS Bldg., C.P. Joanna Ruvi Ayuson Ishmael C. Narag Garcia, Diliman, Maria Leonila Bautista Erlinton B. Olavere Quezon City Eumelia Belo Myla Panol Felomina Cayabyab Rowena Quiambao Jojo Cordon. Jr. Alejandro Ramos Lowella De Guzman Joan Salcedo Edwin Dela Cruz Celestino Saquilon Narciso F. Diongzon Manuel N. Sexon Delfin Garcia Charmaine Q. Villanueva Vilma C. Hernandez Ma. Mylene V. Villegas Pedro S. Lumabi, Jr.

Stakeholders Meeting on Initiating Bartolome C. Bautista Rene A. Arante PHIVOLCS Auditorium, Dec 10, 2005 Earthquake Drills in Public Multi- Ma. Leonila P. Bautista Narciso F. Diongzon PHIVOLCS Bldg., C.P. Storey Buildings in Metro Manila Ma. Mylene M. Villegas Raymond R. Maximo Garcia, Diliman, Ishmael C. Narag Erlinton O. Olavere Quezon City Joan C. Salcedo Melcario D. Pagtalunan Esmeralda L. Banganan Eumelia C. Belo Angelito G. Lanuza

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Fina ncial Resources Fina ncial Resources

For the year under review, regular funds released for PHIVOLCS amounted to PHIVOLCS 2005 BUDGET a total of P 86.5M while additional fund PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES By S&T Activity coming from external sources amounted to (In Thousand Pesos) P 15 M. Of this total allotment P 94 M were obligated consisting of 61% which went to Personal Services, 37% to MOOE and 2% to Equipment Outlay. In terms of S&T activity, the following are the distribution of expenditures: 56% for S&T Services, 9% for R&D and 35% for GASS. The budget expenditure breakdown are shown in Table 9.

AANNNNUUAA LL RREEPPOORRTT 220000 55

Total: P 94,186.0

Table 9. Distribution of DOST Expenditures, CY 2005 By S&T Activity, Source of Funds and Expenses Classification (In Thousand Pesos)

TOTAL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURE BY SOURCE OF FUNDS S & T ACTIVITY TOTAL (Regular + Other Sources) REGULAR APPROPRIATION (GAA) OTHER SOURCES * TOTAL P.S. M.O.O.E C.O. TOTAL P.S. M.O.O.E C.O. TOTAL P.S. M.O.O.E C.O.

TOTAL - 94,186.00 57,246.00 35,322.00 1,618.00 86,323.00 57,246.00 29,077.00 7,863.00 - 6,245.00 1,618.00

1. Research and - - 8,142.00 5,131.00 3,011.00 - 6,409.00 5,131.00 1,278.00 - 1,733.00 1,733.00 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Development

PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY

2. Technology Delivery

3. S&T Services 52,670.00 33,967.00 17,085.00 1,618.00 46,540.00 33,967.00 12,573.00 - 6,130.00 - 1,618.00 4,512.00

a. Information Services 7,955.00 5,007.00 2,948.00 - 5,605.00 5,007.00 598.00 - 2,350.00 2,350.00 -

b. Technical Services 44,715.00 28,960.00 14,137.00 1,618.00 40,935.00 28,960.00 11,975.00 - 3,780.00 2,162.00 1,618.00

4. S&T Education and

Training

5. Development, Integration and Coordination of the National Research or S&T System 6. General Administration and 33,374.00 18,148.00 15,226.00 - 33,374.00 18,148.00 15,226.00 - - - - - Support Services

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