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The Land.Qxd
THE LAND Issue 1 Winter/Spring 2006 An occasional magazine about land-rights, incorporating The Land Is Ours Newsletter and Chapter 7 News. The Land Spring/Winter 2006 THE LAND: A MANIFESTO In all the hoo-hah surrounding the G8 summit last summer, did you hear anybody with access to a microphone mouth the word “land”? All the demands to “make poverty history”, and the responses from those in power, revolved around money: less debt, freer and fairer trade, more aid. That is because economists define wealth and justice in terms of access to the market. Politicians echo the economists because the more dependent that people become upon the market, the more securely they can be roped into the fiscal and political hierarchy. Access to land is not simply a threat to landowning elites - it is a threat to the religion of unlimited economic growth and the power structure that depends upon it. The market (however attractive it may appear) is built on promises: the only source of wealth is the earth. Anyone who has land has access to energy, water, nourishment, shelter, healing, wisdom, ancestors and a grave. Ivan Illich spoke of ‘a society of convivial tools that allows men to achieve purposes with energy fully under their control’. The ultimate convivial tool, the mother of all the others, is the earth. Yet the earth is more than a tool cupboard, for although the earth gives, it dictates its terms; and its terms alter from place to place. So it is that agriculture begets human culture; and cultural diversity, like biological diversity, flowers in obedience to the conditions that the earth imposes. -
The Post-Medieval Rural Landscape, C AD 1500–2000 by Anne Dodd and Trevor Rowley
THE THAMES THROUGH TIME The Archaeology of the Gravel Terraces of the Upper and Middle Thames: The Thames Valley in the Medieval and Post-Medieval Periods AD 1000–2000 The Post-Medieval Rural Landscape AD 1500–2000 THE THAMES THROUGH TIME The Archaeology of the Gravel Terraces of the Upper and Middle Thames: The Thames Valley in the Medieval and Post-Medieval Periods AD 1000-2000 The post-medieval rural landscape, c AD 1500–2000 By Anne Dodd and Trevor Rowley INTRODUCTION Compared with previous periods, the study of the post-medieval rural landscape of the Thames Valley has received relatively little attention from archaeologists. Despite the increasing level of fieldwork and excavation across the region, there has been comparatively little synthesis, and the discourse remains tied to historical sources dominated by the Victoria County History series, the Agrarian History of England and Wales volumes, and more recently by the Historic County Atlases (see below). Nonetheless, the Thames Valley has a rich and distinctive regional character that developed tremendously from 1500 onwards. This chapter delves into these past 500 years to review the evidence for settlement and farming. It focusses on how the dominant medieval pattern of villages and open-field agriculture continued initially from the medieval period, through the dramatic changes brought about by Parliamentary enclosure and the Agricultural Revolution, and into the 20th century which witnessed new pressures from expanding urban centres, infrastructure and technology. THE PERIOD 1500–1650 by Anne Dodd Farmers As we have seen above, the late medieval period was one of adjustment to a new reality. -
DSV Spring Crop Plots
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Rothamsted Repository Download
Patron: Her Majesty The Queen Rothamsted Research Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ Telephone: +44 (0)1582 763133 WeB: http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/ Rothamsted Repository Download A - Papers appearing in refereed journals Dicks, L. V., Rose, D. C., Ang, F., Aston, S., Birch, A. N. E., Boatman, N., Bowles, E. L., Chadwick, D., Dinsdale, A., Durham S., Elliot, J., Firbank, L., Humphreys, S., Jarvis, P., Jones, D., Kindred, D., Knight, S. M., Lee, M. R. F., Leifert, C., Lobley, M., Matthews, K., Midmer, A., Moore, M., Morris, C., Mortimer, S., Murray, T. C., Norman, K., Ramsden, S., Roberts, D., Smith L. G., Soffe, R., Stoate, C., Taylor, B., Tinker, D., Topliff, M., Wallace, J., Williams, P., Wilson, P., Winter, M. and Sutherland, W. J. 2018. What agricultural practices are most likely to deliver sustainable intensification in the UK? Food and Energy Security. e00148, pp. 1-15. The publisher's version can be accessed at: • https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fes3.148 The output can be accessed at: https://repository.rothamsted.ac.uk/item/84v32. © 25 August 2018, Rothamsted Research. Licensed under the Creative Commons CC BY. 08/05/2019 10:32 repository.rothamsted.ac.uk [email protected] Rothamsted Research is a Company Limited by Guarantee Registered Office: as above. Registered in England No. 2393175. Registered Charity No. 802038. VAT No. 197 4201 51. Founded in 1843 by John Bennet Lawes. Received: 31 January 2018 | Revised: 30 July 2018 | Accepted: 30 July 2018 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.148 ORIGINAL RESEARCH What agricultural practices are most likely to deliver “sustainable intensification” in the UK? Lynn V. -
Briefing Beyond 2020 New Farm Policy Photo: Flickr.Com/Photos/Tomaskohl Photo
Briefing Beyond 2020 New farm policy Photo: flickr.com/photos/tomaskohl Photo: principle of public benefits for public would be extra capital and short term Summary investment. It should deliver diversity infrastructure support with specific in production and farming and be help for smaller businesses, and a Sustain presents principles and underpinned by effective regulatory new publicly funded programme of policies that would deliver better and enforcement systems, based low cost advice and support for a food and farming when we leave on the precautionary principle, to farmer-to-farmer advisory network. the European Common Agriculture protect people, the rural economy, Policy. We believe that a focus environment and livestock. UK The wider policy framework on high volume, low standard trade deals must not undermine needs to be reformed. This includes: production is wrong for the UK the delivery of this vision in each maintaining and enhancing land farming industry. Nor do we want devolved administration and should based regulations to prevent harm; a a relaxation in standards as the enable other countries to deliver strengthened and extended Groceries political trade-off for cuts in farm their own food sovereignty. Code Adjudicator to protect farmers support. from unfair trading practices and The policies we propose would policies to encourage retail diversity; Instead, new devolved farm policy include a new, universally available maintaining the organic legal should be based on a strong Land Management Support scheme standards; new labelling regulations commitment, supported by the with three elements: a menu of to ensure consumers drive up taxpayer and a well regulated outcomes; an organic scheme; and demand for food based on higher market, for sustainable, resilient, a whole-farm scheme. -
Making Good Food the Easy Choice
SCOTLAND Making good food the easy choice Food for Life Scotland Impact Report Food for Life Scotland Impact Report 1 ‘What we are realising is that food The Scottish Government has set – what we eat, how we get it, and out its ambition that Scotland where it comes from – can change becomes a Good Food Nation, a lives. It’s not just about the health country where people from every benefits of a good diet. Good food walk of life take pride and pleasure can help us deal with some of our in, and benefit from, the food they most pressing social, economic buy, serve, and eat day by day.Food and environmental concerns. It’s for Life Scotland provides us with a about social cohesion, improving framework for doing just that. Not life chances and tackling some of only transforming the food on our the great inequalities in our society. plates, but the places we spend our When we are talking about healthier time. This change takes time and people, a thriving economy, and a commitment, but evidence shows greener environment, we need look that Food for Life has potential to no further than the plates in help tackle the big issues. It can play front of us. its part in making Scotland a Good Food Nation.’ Dennis Overton, Chair of Soil Association 2 OUR MISSION We work to make good food the WHAT DOES ‘GOOD FOOD’ MEAN? easy choice for everyone. We % Food that’s good for your health make sure good food is not only Lots of fruit and vegetables, fish and wholegrains, less but on the menu, it is part of the better quality meat, and a lot less processed food. -
A Resilience Route-Map for Post-Covid-19 Food, Farming and Land-Use
Grow Back Better A resilience route-map for post-Covid-19 food, farming and land-use 1 Grow back better 1 Contents Foreword ....................................................................................................................................3 Introduction .............................................................................................................................6 Taking stock .............................................................................................................................7 Ten years ahead ......................................................................................................................9 How we get there ....................................................................................................................12 Ten-Year Transition to Agroecology and Sustainable Land-Use 1. Transform livestock farming to dramatically reduce the risks of pandemics and antimicrobial resistance ............................................ 14 2. Exceed Europe’s ambition to halve pesticide use and grow organic farming to 25% farmed land by 2030 .............................. 15 3. Instigate a farmer-led tree planting revolution ...................................................... 16 4. Farmer-led innovation and professional development – from agrichemical to agroecological R&D and knowledge sharing ................................................................................................ 17 5. Turn soil from carbon source into carbon sink – for net zero and climate -
Bovine TB Partnership Members List
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Bovine TB Partnership members biographies February 2021 Contents John Cross – Chair .............................................................................................................. 3 Members .............................................................................................................................. 3 Stephanie Young .............................................................................................................. 3 Paul Westaway (High Risk Area) ..................................................................................... 3 Di Wastenage (High Risk Area) ....................................................................................... 4 David Barton (High Risk Area) ......................................................................................... 4 Phil Latham (Edge Area) .................................................................................................. 4 Chris Addison (Low Risk Area) ........................................................................................ 4 Professor Rosie Woodroffe .............................................................................................. 5 Dr Sue Mayer ................................................................................................................... 5 Dr Andy Robertson ........................................................................................................... 5 Dr Gareth Enticott............................................................................................................ -
Soils of North Wyke and Rowden
THE SOILS OF NORTH WYKE AND ROWDEN By T.R.Harrod and D.V.Hogan (2008) Revised edition of original report by T.R. Harrod, Soil Survey of England and Wales (1981) CONTENTS Preface 1. Introduction 1.1 Situation, relief and drainage 1.2 Geology 1.3 Climate 1.3.1 Rainfall 1.3.2 Temperature 1.3.3 Sunshine 2. The Soils 2.1 Methods of survey and classification 2.2 Denbigh map unit 2.3 Halstow map unit 2.4 Hallsworth map unit 2.5 Teign map unit 2.6 Blithe map unit 2.7 Fladbury map unit 2.8 Water retention characteristics 3. Soils and land use 3.1 Soil suitability for grassland 3.2 Soil suitability for slurry acceptance 3.3 Ease of cultivation 3.4 Soil suitability for direct drilling 3.5 Soils and land drainage 4. Soil capacities and limitations 4.1 Explanation 4.2 Hydrology of Soil Types (HOST) 4.3 Ground movement potential 4.4 Flood vulnerability 4.5 Risk of corrosion to ferrous iron 4.6 Pesticide leaching risk 4.7 Pesticide runoff risk 4.8 Hydrogeological rock type 4.9 Groundwater Protection Policy (GWPP) leaching 5 National context of soils occurring at North Wyke and Rowden 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Halstow association (421b) 5.3 Crediton association (541e) 5.4 Denbigh 1 association (541j) 5.5 Alun association (561c) 5.6 Hallsworth 1 association (712d) 5.7 Fladbury 1 association (8.13b) Figures 1 Mean annual rainfall (mm) at North Wyke (2001-2007) 2 Mean annual temperatures (0C) at North Wyke (2001-2007) 3 Mean monthly hours of bright sunshine at North Wyke (2001-2007) 4 Soil map of North Wyke and Rowden 5a Water retention characteristics of the -
Understanding the an English Agribusiness Lobby Group
Understanding the NFU an English Agribusiness Lobby Group Ethical Consumer Research Association December 2016 Understanding the NFU - an English Agribusiness Lobby-group ECRA December 2016 1 Contents 1. Introduction – The NFU an English Agribusiness Lobby group 3 2. Economic Lobbying – undermining the smaller farmer 2.1 NFU and farm subsidies – promoting agribusiness at the expense of smaller farmers 11 2.2 NFU and TTIP – favouring free trade at the expense of smaller farms 15 2.3 NFU and supermarkets – siding with retailers and opposing the GCA 17 2.4 NFU and foot and mouth disease – exports prioritised over smaller producers 20 3. Environmental Lobbying – unconcerned about sustainability 3.1 NFU, bees and neonicotinoids – risking it all for a few pence more per acre 24 3.2 NFU and soil erosion – opposing formal protection 28 3.3 NFU and air pollution – opposing EU regulation 31 3.4 NFU, biodiversity and meadows – keeping the regulations away 33 3.5 NFU and Europe – keeping sustainability out of the CAP 41 3/6 NFU and climate change – a mixed response 47 3.7 NFU and flooding – not listening to the experts? 51 4. Animal interventions – keeping protection to a minimum 4.1 Farm animal welfare – favouring the megafarm 53 4.2 NFU, badgers and bovine TB – driving a cull in the face of scientific evidence 60 4.3 The Red Tractor label – keeping standards low 74 5. Social Lobbying – passing costs on to the rest of us 5.1 NFU and Organophosphates in sheep dip – failing to protect farmers’ health 78 5.2 NFU and road safety – opposing regulations 82 5.3 NFU and workers’ rights – opposing the Agricultural Wages Board 86 5.4 NFU and Biotechnology – Supporting GM crops 89 6. -
Opinion on Contingency Planning for Farm Animal Welfare in Disasters and Emergencies
Opinion on Contingency Planning for Farm Animal Welfare in Disasters and Emergencies March 2012 Farm Animal Welfare Committee, Area 8B, 9 Millbank, c/o Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3JR. www.defra.gov.uk/fawc FAWC Opinions FAWC Opinions are short reports to Government1 on contemporary topics relating to farm animal welfare. They are based on evidence and consultation with interested parties. They may highlight particular concerns and indicate issues for further consideration. Opinions published by the Farm Animal Welfare Council Lameness in sheep, 2011 Mutilations and environmental enrichment in piglets and growing pigs, 2011 Osteoporosis and bone fractures in laying hens, 2010 The welfare of the dairy cow, 2009 Policy instruments for protecting and improving farm animal welfare, 2008 The welfare of farmed gamebirds, 2008 Enriched cages for laying hens, 2007 Beak trimming of laying hens, 2007 1 Where we refer to ―Government‖ we are addressing ourselves to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in England, the Scottish Government and the Welsh Government, and other responsible Government Departments and Agencies. Opinion on Contingency Planning for Farm Animal Welfare in Disasters and Emergencies Scope 1. This Opinion examines the potential impacts that disasters and emergencies can have on farm animal welfare and considers the implications for contingency planning to protect the welfare of farm animals. It covers all potential disaster and emergency scenarios, either natural or resulting from human actions, and applies to all farmed species (including fish) in Great Britain. 2. The aims are to: Identify a range of possible disaster and emergency scenarios for which contingency planning for farm animal welfare might be necessary, from farm-based emergencies to large-scale disasters. -
Lancaster Plain, C. 1730-1960
Agricultural Resources of Pennsylvania, c. 1700-1960 Lancaster Plain, c. 1730-1960 2 Lancaster Plain, 1730-1960 Table of Contents Lancaster Plain Historic Agricultural Region, c. 1730-1960....................................................... 4 Location ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Climate, Soils, and Topography................................................................................................ 10 Historical Farming Systems ...................................................................................................... 12 Diverse Production for Diverse Uses, c. 1730 to about 1780 ............................................... 12 Products, c 1730-1780 ...................................................................................................... 12 Labor and Land Tenure, 1730-1780 ................................................................................. 16 Buildings and Landscapes, 1730-1780 ............................................................................. 17 Farm House, 1730-1780................................................................................................ 17 Ancillary houses, 1730-1780 ........................................................................................ 19 Barns, 1730-1780 .......................................................................................................... 19 Outbuildings, c 1730-1780: .........................................................................................