Country: SUDAN
Programme Title: UNDP / UNHCR TRANSITIONAL SOLUTIONS INITIATIVE JOINT PROGRAMME FOR REFUGEES AND THEIR HOST COMMUNITIES, EASTERN SUDAN (PHASE 1)
Joint Programme Outcome: UNDAF Outcome (3) By 2012, poverty, especially amongst vulnerable groups is reduced and equitable economic growth is increased through improvements in livelihoods, decent employment opportunities, food security, sustainable natural resource management and self reliance
Joint Programme Goal: Enhance self-reliance, reduce aid dependency and assist the socio- economic integration of both refugees and host communities by restoring and expanding sustainable livelihoods opportunities
Programme Duration: 3 Years Total estimated budget*: US$ 44,846,910
Out of which:
Anticipated start/end dates: 1.1.2012 to 31.12.2014 1. Funded Budget: US$ 5,900,000 Fund Management Option(s): Pass-through
2. Unfunded budget: US$ 39,246,910
Sources of funded budget: Managing or Administrative Agent: ______* Total estimated budget includes both programme costs and indirect support costs (if/as applicable) Government of Norway: US$ 1,600,000
IKEA Foundation: US$ 4,000,000 UNDP: US$ 300,000
UN organizations National Coordinating Authorities
Name of Representative Name of Head of Partner
Signature Signature
U nited Nations High Commissioner for Ministry of International Cooperation Refugees Date & Seal Date & Seal
Name of Representative Name of Head of Partner
Signature Signature
United Nations Development Programme Commission of Refugees
Date & Seal Date & Seal
Name of Head of Partner
Signature
Government of Gadaref State
Date & Seal
Name of Head of Partner
Signature
Government of Kassala State
Date& Seal
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents ...... 3
ACRONYMS ...... 5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7
I. SITUATION ANALYSIS ...... 10
Context ...... 10
Local Population ...... 11
Displaced persons ...... 11
II. RATIONALE FOR THE JOINT PROGRAMME ...... 13
III. STRATEGY ...... 15
Goals ...... 15
Outputs ...... 17
Output 1: Vocational capacities and business skills enhanced ...... 17
Output 2: Community access to Basic social services, (Health, Education and Watsan) ...... 18
Output 3: Protection services and legal support strengthened ...... 19
Output 4: Rural Livelihoods opportunities for Refugees and Host Communities Diversified and improved ...... 20
Output 5: Access to Microfinance Services Enhanced ...... 21
Output 6: Capacities for Environment management and energy conservation are developed. .. 22
Output 7: Promote women empowerment, peaceful coexistence and Social Cohesion ...... 22
Output 8: Institutional capacity building for decentralized governance (UNDP) ...... 23
Partnerships ...... 24
Partners to the Joint Programme...... 24
Linkages to Other Initiatives ...... 25
Programme Principles ...... 26
Phased Area-based approach ...... 28
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Sustainability ...... 29
IV. Results framework ...... 31
V. Management and Coordination ...... 61
Programme Board ...... 61
The Technical Steering Committee ...... 62
The Programme Manager ...... 62
Programme Technical and Operational Support ...... 62
VI. Fund Management ...... 63
VII. Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting ...... 64
M&E ...... 64
Reporting ...... 65
Legal Context of Basis of Relationship ...... 68
Work Plans and Budgets ...... 70
Figures
Figure 1. Transitional Solutions Initiative Joint Programme Organogram ...... 61
Tables
Table 1. Beneficiaries ...... 16
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ACRONYMS
ACORD Agency for Cooperation and Research in Development
AGDM Age, Gender and Diversity Mainstreaming
CBO Community Based Organisation
COR Commissioner of Refugees
ESCO El Sugya Charity Organisation
ESPA East Sudan Peace Agreement
ESRDF Eastern Recovery and Development Fund
FNC Forestry National Cooperation
HAI Human Appeal International
JAM Joint Assessment Mission
NGO Non-Governmental Organisation
INGO International Non-Governmental Organisation
MoA Ministry of Agriculture
MoARF Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries
MoF Ministry of Finance
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MIC Ministry of International Cooperation
MDG Millennium Development Goals
MoSW Ministry of Social Welfare
PB Peace Building
SOLO Sudan Opening Learning Organisation
SRC Sudanese Red Crescent
UN United Nations
UNICEF United Nations Education Fund for Children
UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Fund 5
UNDP United Nations Development Program
UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees
WFP World Food Programme
WHO World Health Organisation
VT Vocational Training
TSI Transitional Solutions Initiative
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Rationale and Strategy
Protracted and post-conflict displacements pose both humanitarian and development challenges. Resolving them requires a more coherent and effective approach to the durable solutions of refugees, returnees, internally displaced persons, and their host communities. To find genuine solutions that end dependency on humanitarian aid and advance human development humanitarian, development actors and local governments must coordinate efforts to capitalize on their different areas of expertise and combine bilateral and multilateral assistance.
The Transitional Solutions Initiative (TSI) provides a framework for transitioning displacement situations to durable solutions. As a partnership between humanitarian and development actors the TSI prioritizes effective inter-agency partnerships, with specially tailored area-specific interventions to increase self-reliance. Projects are designed to benefit the host populations as well as the displaced, and have a strong component of national ownership and capacity building of local government; without which sustainable solutions would be impossible.
The TSI in Eastern Sudan is multifaceted targeting the twelve refugee camps and one IDP camp in a phased approach aiming to consolidate camps and convert them into viable local settlements. The TSI is a platform for interventions that currently include this Joint UNDP/UNHCR Programme targeting three camps and host communities, a UNHCR/World Bank Project targeting one refugee camp and one IDP camp with host communities, and a UNHCR Multi-Year Self Reliance Project targeting the remaining camps.
The Joint UNDP/UNHCR Programme Phase 1 will target the refugee camps of Um Gargour in Fashaga Locality in Gedaref State, and Girba and Kilo 26 within Girba Locality in Kassala State. Through comprehensive interventions within the areas of vocational training and business skills, basic services, protection, rural livelihoods, microfinance, environment and gender and social cohesion the programme aims to enhance self-reliance, reduce aid dependency and assist the socio-economic integration of both refugees and host communities by restoring and expanding sustainable livelihoods opportunities.
The Joint Programme has the following outputs:
Output 1: Vocational capacities and business skills enhanced
Output 2: Community access to Basic social services (Health, Education and Water and sanitation)
Output 3: Protection services and legal support strengthened
Output 4: Rural Livelihoods opportunities for Refugees and Host Communities Diversified and improved
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Output 5: Access to Microfinance Services Enhanced
Output 6: Capacities for Environment management and energy conservation are developed
Output 7: Promote women empowerment, peaceful coexistence and Social Cohesion
Output 8: Institutional capacity building for decentralized governance (UNDP)
Content of the Programme Document
Section I provides an overview of the context against the backdrop of the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement which was signed in 2006. It also provides a brief description of the local population, internally displaced persons and long-staying refugees.
Section II outlines the rationale for the joint programme emphasizing the importance of a concerted effort by different actors to implement mutually-reinforcing area-based recovery and development strategies in refugee hosting areas. It notes that the joint programme will build on previous efforts which have had varying degrees of success and draw lessons from them. It underscores inclusiveness and a core principle aimed at targeting refugees and host communities simultaneously while actively engaging local authorities, state line ministries and other development actors from the outset.
Section III provides the strategy of the Joint Programme. It states that UNHCR will join is relief assistance efforts with UNDP’s development approach to achieve a shift from refugee dependence on external aid to increased self-reliance. It lists the aims of the joint programme, and proposed a gradual transition from relief to self-reliance with clear timelines and milestones. It outlines a series of key activities for the joint programme framework which are underpinned by flexible and holistic approaches that promote broad, participatory and people-centred partnerships, gender and women’s empowerment, and build on community strengths and capacities. Section III presents the details of the outputs and it describes how area-based approaches will be applied, by clustering individual refugee camps with surrounding villages with which there is interaction (e.g. use of land, basic services, economic activity, etc.) and provides an overview of the phasing of the joint programmes. The section goes on to describe linkages to be made with past and continuing programmes.
Section IV contains the results framework based on UNDAF Outcome 3 which endeavours to reduce poverty among the most vulnerable, increase equitable economic growth through improvements in livelihoods, decent employment opportunities, food security, sustainable natural resource management and self-reliance.
Section V discusses management and coordination arrangements.
Section VI covers fund management arrangements.
Section VII covers monitoring, evaluation and report.
Section VIII is about the legal context.
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Section IX contains the Work Plan and Budget
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I. SITUATION ANALYSIS
Context
Eastern Sudan, as defined by the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement, consists of the three socially, economically, ecologically and politically interconnected states of Kassala, Red Sea, and Gedaref. The total population of this region is calculated to stand at 4.5 million people (2008 National Population Census). The population is distributed unevenly and density varies from a low of around 3.3 persons per km2 in rural Red Sea State to more than 160 persons per km2 in urban centers such as Kassala Town and Port Sudan. The Government of Sudan and the Eastern Front signed the ESPA in October 2006 in Asmara, Eritrea, ending a decade long low-intensity conflict. Following the peace agreement the development of Eastern Sudan has been limited and the states continue to demonstrate weak results among MDG and other social development indicators.
Political, economic and social marginalization of Eastern Sudan has resulted in chronic poverty and underdevelopment with consistently high rates of global and acute malnutrition, low levels of literacy and school attendance, especially by girls, and limited access to health and clean water. Food security is a major problem that has not been addressed holistically at a strategic level by the national/local government or the international community. Disasters, caused by frequent droughts and severe environmental degradation, have contributed to the increasing impoverishment of people, depletion of assets and depopulation of the rural areas.
Traditional livelihoods strategies in the East that combined animal rearing with agriculture have been undermined by recurrent droughts, famine, floods, changes in demographics and conflict and are no longer able to ensure adequate household income. Historical coping mechanisms that consisted of mobility, herd diversification and redistribution, rules for environmental protection, and diversified income sources to complement livestock such as cultivation and labour migration are not sufficient and maladaptive strategies which are unsustainable such as reliance on aid agencies, selling of firewood and smuggling have become prevalent.
Despite the scarcity of natural resources and basic services in Eastern Sudan, the region has a long and generous history of hosting refugees and IDPs. Eastern Sudan currently hosts approximately 200,000 IDPs and 80,000 long-staying refugees. Political instability, grave violation of human rights and civil strife in their countries of origin contributed to their protracted stay in Sudan. Meanwhile, notwithstanding their prolonged exile, refugees continue to depend heavily on external aid. The limited availability of land coupled with restrictions on freedom of movement and work opportunities has negatively impacted refugees’ prospects for meaningful livelihoods. Additionally, competition for scarce resources aggravated by the fragile ecosystem has often been a source of friction among the refugees and host communities.
The International Donors and Investors Conference for East Sudan that the Government of Kuwait hosted by in December 2010 helped redirect attention to the region and served as a vehicle for the realization of the legitimate aspirations of the people of East Sudan to attain stability, development 10
and prosperity. The inclusion of refugees and internally displaced persons in that forum signalled an appreciation of their rights and potential to be considered as productive members of society who should benefit from sustainable economic growth, its fair and equitable distribution and translation into broad-based social development.
Local Population
The population of Eastern Sudan is characterised by high levels of cultural and ethnic diversity. This is, in large part, the result of historical protracted and intense waves of migration and refugees inflows. The predominant ethnic grouping in Red Sea and Kassala States are the Beja peoples – a confederation of pastoral and agro-pastoral tribes comprised primarily of the Bisharyien, Atman and Hadendowa. The majority of the Beja share flexible systems of land tenure and the common language Tubedawye. The Beni Amer, who share important aspects of the Beja identity, use their own language and operate within the parameters of different social structures. Across these communities, traditional customary law plays an important role in regulating land ownership, access to resources and conflict management and resolution. Under the system of Native Administration, structures of tribal leadership gained semi-formal status. However, these hierarchies have been weakened in recent decades and customary law has, consequently, been neglected as a resource in the field of environmental management and conflict mediation.
Other significant groups represented in East Sudan include Rashaida, Fellata, Hausa, Nubians, Shukriyya and Lahawin. The Rashaida moved into this area from the Arabian Peninsula early in the 19th Century, opening new trade routes and settling along the coastal areas. Northern Sudanese migrated to the East during the first half of the 20th century, accompanied by Fellata and Hausa groups from West Africa. Nubian tribes founded New Halfa town in the 1960s after their homeland was flooded as a consequence of the construction of the Aswan Dam. This population was followed, in turn, by a further influx of internally displaced people who fled Western Sudan during the Sahelian drought of the 1980s. Adding to the complexity, large groups of Western Sudanese, South Sudanese, Nubian and people of West African origin came in search of labour opportunities and are concentrated around the New Halfa and Gash Agricultural Schemes in Kassala and make up the majority of the agricultural labour force on the mechanized agricultural schemes in Gedaref State. Estimates suggest that these groups account for at least one third of the total population of East Sudan.
Displaced persons
Over the last four decades, East Sudan has received successive waves of refugees and hosted large populations mainly from Eritrea and Ethiopia and to a lesser extent Somalia. The refugees are under the responsibility of the Government of Sudan and the United Nations High Commissioner for
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Refugees (UNHCR), and reside in 12 camps in Kassala, Gedaref, Gezira and Sennar States. The population of registered long-staying refugees in the twelve—target beneficiaries of the present joint programme—is 69,5331. The term “long-staying” defines refugees who arrived in East Sudan prior to 2001 as well as their offspring. These refugees, who originate mainly from Eritrea, generally have ethnic, religious and cultural ties with host populations. A comprehensive description of the refugee population is contained in the Multi-year Self-reliance Project for Long-staying Refugees in East Sudan, which was presented by UNHCR at the Kuwait Conference in December 2010.
Despite the scarcity of natural resources and basic services in East Sudan, the region has a long and generous history of hosting refugees. Political instability, grave violation of human rights and civil strife in their countries of origin contributed to their protracted stay in Sudan. Meanwhile, notwithstanding their prolonged exile, refugees continue to depend heavily on external aid. The limited availability of land coupled with restrictions on freedom of movement and work opportunities has negatively impacted refugees’ prospects for meaningful livelihoods. Additionally, competition for scarce resources aggravated by the fragile ecosystem has often been a source of friction among the refugees and host communities.
In 2007 UNHCR and the Commissioner for Refugees signed the Joint Solutions Strategy for the Protracted Refugee Situation in Sudan which envisaged the uplifting of the living standards of the refugees and the granting of local integration. The Joint Solutions Strategy is composed of four components, (i) Registration and profiling to verify or register refugees, confirm their legal status (ii)Asylum System development aimed at improving the legal status of and access and enjoyment of rights by refugees and asylum seekers (iii) Improve quality and delivery of basic services in order to decrease malnutrition, morbidity and mortality rates among refugees through the enhancement of infrastructure and the increased involvement of refugee communities and lastly (iv) Pursue durable solutions notably prospects for local integration or resettlement to third countries of refugees since voluntary repatriation is not a viable option for the majority.
The verification of refugees, one of the pillars of the Joint Solutions Strategy, started in March 2008. Phase One carried out in all 12 active camps and was completed in December 2008. Phase Two, for closed settlements and urban areas in the East started in early 2009 was completed November 2010 in the twelve active camps in Red Sea, Gedaref, Kassala, El Jazeera and Sennar states. In recent years, there has been no mass influx of refugees into East Sudan from neighbouring countries. However, since 2003, there has been a steady flow of asylum seekers, average of 2000 new arrivals being recorded every month since 2008.
Eastern Sudan is also characterized by the presence of a large number of conflict-induced IDPs from within the region, South Sudan, South Kordofan and Darfur. Some 68,000 reside in Kassala State; 80% live in IDP camps between Kassala Town and the Eritrean border. Many of these IDPs originate from the border area but are unwilling to return because of the lack of social services and the presence of mines. Another 120,000 IDPs reside in Port Sudan.
1 UNHCR Kassala verified registration Statistics as of 23 Jan 2012.
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II. RATIONALE FOR THE JOINT PROGRAMME
The joint programme flows from the recognition that while UNHCR has a unique mandate for refugee protection and solutions, evidently the Office has neither the competencies nor the capacities required to address the challenge on its own. Likewise countries, like Sudan, which are affected by protracted refugee situations cannot be expected to shoulder the responsibility alone, and should be able to expect appropriate levels of support from the international community in accordance with the principle of international solidarity and responsibility-sharing. Moreover, living conditions in East Sudan are harsh and local populations endure the same forms of hardship as the refugees. This makes the case for a concerted effort by a range of actors, both national and international, to design and implement mutually-reinforcing recovery and development strategies in refugee hosting areas. The 2007 joint UNHCR/COR Solutions Strategy for the Protracted Refugee Situation in Sudan envisaged the uplifting of the living standards of the refugees and the granting of local integration.
On the whole, the programme direction in East Sudan requires a turnaround after many years of care and maintenance. The lack of prospects for large-scale repatriation and limited opportunities for resettlement as durable solutions for most refugees in East Sudan are among the many reasons for the implementation of a self-reliance programme. UNHCR will join its relief assistance efforts with UNDP’s developmental approach to achieve a shift from refugees’ dependence on humanitarian assistance to increased self-reliance through a long-term development approach. In the course of this shift, the state governments (local authorities and line ministries) will be gradually engaged in the provision of basic services to ensure sustainability of the services and to ensure that the refugees are included in the government planning processes.
In 2009 UNHCR commissioned a self-reliance strategy in relation to livelihoods of urban and rural refugees in East Sudan. The present self-reliance project is a product of the strategy, which involved a comprehensive review of material from a variety of sources as well as interviews with refugees, local authorities, current and former staff of UNHCR, COR and implementing partners, relevant government ministries (including Agriculture and Animal Resources, Fisheries, Labour), UN agencies, the World Bank, and Sudanese and non-Sudanese academics.
The strategy document contains a detailed review of past efforts to achieve self-reliance for refugees in East Sudan as well as comprehensive analysis of the continuing participation by UNHCR implementing partners in the self-reliance endeavour. The strategy document also addresses issues such as freedom of movement and land tenure as well as access to the labour market, education and naturalization. It underscores the importance of contextualizing the larger geo-political, economic and social situation in which refugees are found. Equally important, support to the implementation of the ESPA could provide a unique opportunity for UNHCR to engage development actors in supporting self-reliance of refugees in the region, including tacking issues such as freedom of movement.
A recommendation concerning Cohesion, Efficiency, Synergy and Self-reliance vs. Dependency noted that while UNHCR was doing many of the right things (agriculture, livestock, small business, access to credit, vocational training) with the right partners, a reorientation of approaches was needed in terms of synergies, a longer-term perspective, a paradigm shift away from grant/handouts, basing
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interventions on facts (labour/market studies) and strongly encouraging people to take responsibility for their own lives. Another recommendation of the self-reliance strategy was that UNHCR should establish partnership arrangements that link with longer-term State and central government development plans and initiatives that have special technical expertise in such areas as community- driven development, building vibrant economic self-reliance groups, business training, labour/market surveys and value chain analysis.
As regards the impact of environmental factors, the strategy document notes that traditional livelihood strategies in the East that combined animal rearing with agriculture had been undermined by recurrent droughts, famine, floods, changes in demographics and conflict and were no longer able to ensure adequate household income. Historical coping mechanisms that consisted of mobility, herd diversification and redistribution, rules for environmental protection, and diversified income sources to compliment livestock such as cultivation and labour migration were not sufficient and maladaptive strategies which are unsustainable such as reliance on aid agencies, selling of firewood and smuggling had become prevalent.
Within the framework of its 2009 self-reliance strategy, UNHCR has been focusing its efforts on building the capabilities of refugees in all 12 camps and enabling them to accumulate assets in the following areas: agriculture development, improving livestock production, market oriented vocational training (basic and advanced), provision of microfinance services (credit and savings) and income generation activities, environmental related interventions, and other basic services including water, sanitation, and hygiene as well as health, nutrition, education and other social services. Annex E illustrates a summary of the provided interventions. It is noteworthy that the implementation of current interventions will be coordinated with this Joint Programme to capitalize on previous achievements, streamline intended actions and avoid any potential redundancies. It is essential for the process of self-reliance in the East to take advantage of the enabling environment established through the 2007 Joint UNHCR/COR Solutions Strategy and the operationalization of the recommendations stipulated in the 2009 Self-Reliance Strategy which focuses on the reduction of refugees that are dependent on direct assistance. To this effect, the current refugee camps should be developed into self-supporting entities which would share resources with the host communities and vice versa.
The role of partnerships in development should be stressed particularly with the view of having to harmonize the gains from improved basic services as having a linkage with local integration area development plans. As such, efforts for joint planning and programming with Line Ministries, NGOs and other UN Agencies will be crucial for future mainstreaming of refugee matters in the area development plans.
This programme is a joint programme. Joint programming is the collective effort through which the UN organizations and national partners work together to prepare/plan, implement, monitor and evaluate the activities aimed at effectively and efficiently achieving the MDGs and other international commitments arising from UN conferences, summits, conventions and human rights instruments. Through joint programming, common results and the modalities for supporting programme implementation are identified. Joint programming contributes to making the UN support for attainment of the national goals more coherent, effective and efficient. It is meant to avoid duplication, reduce transaction costs and maximize synergies among the national partners and the differing contribution of UN system organizations.
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III. STRATEGY
Goals
The goal of the Joint Programme is to …..
The joint programme has adopted the following definition of self-reliance: developing and strengthening the livelihoods of persons of concern, and reducing their vulnerability and long-term reliance on humanitarian assistance. Moreover, the Multi-year Self-reliance Project for Long- staying Refugees in East Sudan makes specific reference to the requirement for communities in refugee camps to reach a sufficient level of self-reliance to allow for the transformation of eight out of the twelve open camps into self-sufficient settlements (p.44). This calls for a dual focus on empowering communities in and around refugee camps and creating an enabling environment for them to be fully self-reliant.
The aims of the joint programme are to: Enhance self-reliance and sustainable livelihoods by strengthening access to resources and improving mechanisms. Address protection and special needs of vulnerable groups. Empower target populations through capacity building programmes at grassroots level as well as for local authorities and other relevant stakeholders. The use of Community Based Organizations (CBOs), NGOs and local authorities will facilitate mobilisation, planning and capacity building activities. Collaborate with UN agencies, International Institutions, NGOs, Government including Line Ministries in the developmental approach to gradually hand over service delivery in target areas. Promote peaceful co-existence and social cohesion between the refugees and the surrounding host communities. Empower women and strengthen their capacity to participate in planning and implementation of self-reliance interventions.
A gradual transition from relief to self-reliance with clear timelines and milestones will be established. Moreover, programme beneficiaries will be supported to exert efforts towards the attainment of socio-economic growth and improve basic service delivery. This will be achievable with support from the host government and other stakeholders.
The main innovation in the TSI programming in Sudan will be manifest by the following:
Producing wider impact at local level, with a large number of direct and indirect beneficiaries; Influence on local and national policy and strategies early on with respect to refugee/IDP programming in the country; 15
Being consistently disaster /conflict-risk sensitive both at activity and policy level. Possibility of all livelihoods/economic recovery interventions being scaled up in similar crisis or post crisis environments for other TSI countries; Partnership building within and outside the UN including government; and Focus on women’s economic empowerment in particular access to finance, access to markets, appropriate domestic energy technologies, and women leadership
Beneficiaries
To achieve the goal of self-reliance for refugees the Joint Programme is implemented through an area-based, phased approach. Recognizing the close interaction and integration between refugees and host communities, and mindful of the similar living conditions and livelihoods needs between the groups the Joint Programme targets both refugees and host communities. The host communities have been determined based on land ownership, proximity and social and economic integration. In addition to the immediate host communities within the surrounding villages Girba, Kilo 26 and Um Gargour refugee camps are in close proximity to the larger towns of Girba and Showak, locality capitals in Girba and Fashaga localities respectively. As a result of the social and economic integration between the camps and the towns, as well as the appropriateness of using the urban setting for some of the activities a significant number of direct beneficiaries will also be from within these towns. Furthermore, as there will also be significant focus on the localities, partly in terms of livelihoods needs in the area but more significantly through the capacity building of local governance capabilities within the locality administrations both direct but to more significantly indirect beneficiaries will be locality-wide. Finally, as the Joint Programme remains mindful of the importance of affecting the policies and capabilities of the state governments as well the programme will also have state-wide indirect beneficiaries.
Table 1. Beneficiaries
Community Type Locality Total Male Female Population Elgirba Refugees Elgirba 9,142 4,592 4,550 El Girba town Hosting El Girba 37,600 17,672 19928 Um Gamis Hosting Elgirba 900 350 550 Elsharafa Hosting Elgirba 7,000 3220 3780 Andala Hosting Elgirba 4500 2160 2340 Kilo 26 Camp Refugees Elgirba 10,645 5,292 5,353 Kilo 26 Arab Hosting Elgirba 4,720 2,266 2,454 Um Alkheer Hosting Elgirba 750 360 390 Al Shwak Town Hosting Fashaga 79,644 37,433 42,211 Um Gargur Refugees Fashaga 10,000 5,600 4,400 Karkora Closed Fashaga 4,000 1,920 2,080 refugees El mogata’a Hosting Fashaga 2,000 1,040 960 TOTAL 170,901 81,905 88,996
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Outputs
Output 1: Vocational capacities and business skills enhanced Vocational training has been part of Sudan’s technical education system for decades. Unfortunately, the situation in the country has resulted in both the physical and technical deterioration of many of the centers.
To achieve this output, a major activity will be the renovation of Girba Vocational Training Center (GVTC) based in Girba town and construction and support of a new Vocational Training Centre in Gadarif State, either in Gadarif or Showak town. The need for a new VTC in Gadarif is dictated by the high demand in the state for skilled labour force which represents the country’s biggest production of grains under rain-fed agriculture and is accordingly a busy economic hub which requires competent skills for repair of production machinery and accessories.
The programme will renovate the existing buildings in Girba Vocational Training Centre (auto mechanics, auto diesel, general electricity, car electricity and women section in addition to the basic classes), and construction of new buildings for the new required specializations. The support to Girba Centre will include provision of new machinery, equipment and tools to cope with the project training requirements. The New Gadarif Vocational Training Centre will also be constructed. The major sections of the Gadarif Centre will include agriculture machinery and its accessories, general mechanics, auto-motive electricity, women skills development and other recommendation that would come up in the plan. The Federal Vocational Training Council will be involved in approval of the new center establishment, the design and screening of required sections specialization depending on the prevailing economic activity. The center staffing will be a joint responsibility between the Federal Training Council and the state Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning.
Kassala Vocational Training Centre (KVTC) will be involved in the planning of the renovation and construction of the two centers in the plan. It is role will be to support insight guidance from its rich experience in the renovation, construction and procurement of adequate equipment. KVTC will be responsible to run and manage the planned Mobile Training in the project area aiming to using its rich experience in this activity under sub-contracting arrangements. The project plan includes provision of grants tool kits to graduates to enable them self-employment from the date of graduation. The tool kits can be individual or for a group of trainees that share interest in a small or medium enterprise.
Women will have special attention under vocational training opportunities provided by the project. In addition to the classic activities of food processing and tailoring, new competitive skills will be introduced and connected to appropriate markets and that include high quality pottery and woven handcrafts that could compete in the tourism sovereigns markets in capital cities and locally.
The state Vocational Training Council in Kassala will be supported to take a leading role in formulation of strategies and policies for ensuring equitable enrolment criteria, sustainable measures to run the Vocational Centers in a self-reliant way and to encourage women enrolment in appropriate sections.
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Output 2: Community access to Basic social services, (Health, Education and Watsan)
The community access to basic social services (health, education and Watsan) output will focus on the rehabilitating of existing health, education, water and sanitation facilities and infrastructure. The management and technical capacities of the service providers will also be strengthened. Generally, the basic infrastructure and social facilities such as hospitals, schools and water supply in the camps are inadequate for the entire population. a) Education:
With regard to education, a notable increase in the number of school going age children has been observed attributed to the new influx of asylum seekers. However, school infrastructure has remained the same. As a result the schools are over crowded; teacher student ratios as well as student text book ratios are high. There is a high drop out rate especially to girls after the completion of grade eight classes due to limited opportunities to access secondary education and post primary vocational training. There are neither secondary education schools nor vocational training in the camps. Improvement of the infrastructure and the building of new classrooms and a secondary school will solve this problem. Other facilities such as a school fence, latrines and water supply need to be provided for a conducive learning environment. The available current education facilities are not adequate to address the existing needs. Parent teacher associations exit in all camp based schools, but they need to be strengthened through capacity building. There is also need to train teachers and provide reading, text books and learning materials to students. These interventions will contribute to the increase in school enrolment, quality education and reduction in school drop out rate. b) Health and Nutrition
The health and nutrition services in the refugee camps are mainly divided into two components, primary health care and health referral system. Primary Health care serves as the first point of contact in the health care system for refugees / asylum seekers and nationals residing near the camps. Health care and essential medicines are provided without charge for all refugees, asylum seekers and nationals while authorized elective referrals are free for refugees. Under the health referral system, refugees; asylum seekers and nationals needing advanced emergency care (including obstetric emergencies) and advanced elective medical care are referred to a Secondary Locality / State Hospitals and tertiary medical institutions in Khartoum
Health programs implemented at the camp level include: malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment; Tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis, care, treatment and nutrition support; Comprehensive reproductive health (RH) services including ante-, peri- and post-natal care, family planning (FP); HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment; Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI), immunization against vaccine preventable diseases through EPI programme; growth monitoring and nutritional support; Assessment of mental health cases, treatment and follow-up care and diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care for non-communicable chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. First line combination anti-tuberculosis medications, first and second- line combination antimalarials and vaccines, as well as first line anti-retrovirals for HIV / AIDS are 18
supplied by the Ministry of Health at the state level. UNHCR provides essential medicines and supplies which are procured internationally. Direct health services are currently administered by three implementing partners.
The priority areas of intervention in the health and nutrition sector will include capacity building for health care and nutrition workers; increase in funds for referral health care; essential medicines and supplies; increase in staffing. Training in all aspects of health care service is needed due to the high staff turn-over rate coupled with low compensation which has resulted in hiring of inadequately trained / health service providers with qualifications that are below par. In addition, there is need to improve the health information management system for better planning and improved quality. The current ambulances are also old and costly to maintain and consequently adversely affect the smooth implementation of the health sector. c) Water and Sanitation
Under the water sector, the capacities of the surface tanks/elevated tanks and available water sources are sufficient to supply water above the standard of 20 litres/per person/day but some water supply components like pipe-networks, treatment units need upgrading. The water engines and pumps are aged and need replacement. Even so, there is also a need to increase the number of tap distribution points in order to reduce congestion at the water points within the camps and host community settings.
With respect to the sanitation in the camps, the capacity of the community leaders or group will be built in order for them to address their needs such as solid waste management, proper use of latrines, for a safe and healthy environment. The technical and operational capacities of the WATSAN committees in the camps will be built for the proper management of water supply and sanitation.
To address the above social services issues, the following cross cutting interventions will be undertaken:
Strengthen the linkages and partnerships with line ministries, local authorities and UN Agencies. Develop and build the capacities of the government and the community enabling them to sustain service delivery. The state governments (local authorities and line ministries) will be gradually engaged in the provision of basic services to ensure sustainability of the services and to ensure that the refugees are included in the government planning processes. Improve coordination, awareness raising and advocacy with the delivery institutions for the basic services Provide awareness raising on environmental and health related issues Rehabilitation of existing and construction of new infrastructure.
Output 3: Protection services and legal support strengthened
The refugee policy of Sudan continues to restrict the movement of refugees and to perpetuate their encampment rather than promoting their integration into Sudanese society. Although this is the general policy, in practice the old case load face fewer restrictions accessing travel permits. Access 19
to travel permits is often limited to those on medical grounds; university enrolment, family reunification and embassy appointments for interviews. The restriction on freedom of movement also has affects on accessing land, employment and markets. Limited access to work permits has as well led to restricted gainful employment for the young educated refugee men The difficulty in obtaining permits increases the chances of refugees engaging in illegal movements which creates additional protection risks such as arrest, detention, trafficking, smuggling and possible deportation/refoulement. UNHCR regularly advocates for more freedom of movement.
The Government of Sudan does not officially support the local integration of refugees. The Immigration Law allows access to citizenship to persons who have continuously resided in Sudan for more than 5 years; however this has not been applied to refugees on a collective basis. UNHCR will continue to advocate for more access to rights for refugees especially for legal status, employment and property through the review of the 1974 Asylum Act. UNHCR will continue to advocate with the government for the removal of its reservations of the 1951 convention through formal and informal discussions.
UNHCR currently maintains a database of registered refugees and asylum seekers in a system called ProGres. Refugees are often issued with COR ID cards upon registration. Nevertheless, there is still need to introduce digital refugee ID cards and to link the refugee database (ProGres) to the national registration system. This is expected to ease identification and documentation of refugees. This will be complemented with building the capacity of the national registration system and advocacy from improved documentation for refugees.
Currently there is one UNHCR supported Advice and Legal Aid Centre in East Sudan, EL Shariq, that provides legal support to the refugees to ensure that their basic rights are guaranteed through access to the justice system and the courts. The El Shariq centre ensures that they intervene with law enforcement agencies in cases of arbitrary arrest, detention, intimidation and provide legal assistance in civil disputes. Legal redress through courts will be promoted to guarantee protection of individuals and groups. The population will be sensitized about their basic human rights guaranteed by the constitutional and legal framework to enhance their protection capacity. Government officials, law enforcement agencies (police and military) capacities will built through training enabling them play a key role in developing protection mechanisms in society and sensitizing the local population, government agencies, law makers, civil society to human rights issues.
With respect to possible naturalization of refugee population, the Joint Programme will strictly operate within the Sudanese legal framework, which allows for the possibility of seeking Sudanese nationality after 10 years of residence in the country.
Output 4: Rural Livelihoods opportunities for Refugees and Host Communities Diversified and improved Traditional livelihood strategies in the East that combined animal rearing with agriculture have been undermined by recurrent droughts, famine, floods, changes in demographics and conflict and are no longer able to ensure adequate household income. Political, economic and social marginalization of Eastern Sudan has resulted in chronic poverty and underdevelopment.
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The TSI programme is planning to address the issue of livelihoods and food security in the three target areas located within two localities; El Girba locality in Kassala state and El Fashaga locality in Gadarif state. Under the project area development approach targeting the refugees and their host communities for the three camps Kilo 26, El Girba and Um Gargour, this project component is aiming to avail a wide range of opportunities to improve the livelihoods of target beneficiaries in a sustainable manner.
The project will focus on agriculture and animal production as the most prevailing livelihood occupation options for refugees, sedentary communities and mobile pastoralists. The project support covers human empowerment in terms of developing and supporting community based organizations to take a leading role in the area development. On the other hand, the project will provide support to the wrecked economic structure for poor communities that suffered for decades’ a combination of negligence and harsh environmental and changing climate which set negative impacts on the ever diminishing resources.
The proposed diversified livelihood opportunities include a wide variety of activities including home gardens to be managed by women as subsistence farming to secure households immediate need of foods and to produce for markets for gaining more income at later stages. Rain-fed and irrigated agricultural production will be supported with production inputs and agricultural extension packages to maximize production and improve the quality of produce to compete in markets. Animal production as well will be supported by accelerating animal preventive health care and improving fodder quality and quantity. The project is planning to assess and support innovative production such as animal and plant bi-products as intermediate and high demand market commodities. To this end markets will be explored and potential of demand will be defined to direct production for maximizing benefits for the producers and consumers. The project will pay a special attention to the women as a huge unutilized productive community sector which has been deprived opportunities either by prevailing culture norms or by the limited access to means of production.
Output 5: Access to Microfinance Services Enhanced
Limited access to microfinance remains an obstacle to business development in Sudan as a whole and particularly in Eastern Sudan. While institutions remain weak, provision of microfinance has expanded in recent years including from NGOs such as ACORD. A key deficiency is microfinance provision to rural areas. Based on the assessment study of microfinance and entrepreneurship potential within the target areas as well as previous assessments on the microfinance sector in Sudan, UNDP will seek to strengthen target beneficiaries’ business and financial skills to improve their potential to receive and their ability to manage microfinance. UNDP will also link beneficiaries with existing microfinance providers and enable them to move into rural areas.
The programme aims to increase access to microfinance through capacity building of both providers and clients, as well as direct microfinance provision through sub-contracts. Particular attention will be given to the access of microfinance to women.
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Sustainability is a critical element to consider, and in addition to the sustainable gains from the developments of capacities among providers and clients the programme will ensure that microfinance delivery is in line with visions and strategies adopted by CBOS. Engagement of communities will be essential, including through making use of existing livelihoods committees to provide guidance and microfinance needs and provision. Additionally, community-based Business Development Services will be established at each project area to boost the communal ownership of the programme.
Output 6: Capacities for Environment management and energy conservation are developed.
Refugee hosting areas in East Sudan are environmentally degraded with limited natural resources including water and social services. Refugee hosting areas are among the poorest and most fragile in the country. Resource scarcity has often resulted to tension within the refugee population as well as the host communities over access to natural resources, sharing water resources and economic opportunities which are very limited. In the majority of the areas, there has been peaceful co- existence even in the face of this competition over limited resources. In Kassala state, the competition is acute thus resulting in a more restrictive approach by law enforcement agencies toward refugees.
Under this component, the joint programme aims to rehabilitate the natural environment through reforestation, rehabilitation of rangelands and by adding value to forestry through the promotion of non-timber forest products. Sustainable natural resource interventions would impact favorably on the livelihood situation in the region including, inter alia, the use of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) to replace firewood as fuel, the provision of alternative energy saving stoves, the sharing of water harvesting technologies, the distribution of solar water pumps, reforestation measures and the proliferation of drip or spray-based methods of irrigation. The type of intervention chosen in any given instance will be tailored to fit the particular needs of the target population of both refugees and hosting populations. Considered more broadly, the end goal is to preserve the ability of the natural environment to support livelihoods over the course of many generations.
With UNHCR as the implementing agency in partnership with UNDP, UNEP and other actors the programme prioritizes capacity building of government, businesses and individuals. Considering the limited information available the programme will conduct a comprehensive baseline study on environmental risks as well as the capacities for environment management at state, locality and community level. Development of green livelihoods will be a key component.
Output 7: Promote women empowerment, peaceful coexistence and Social Cohesion
Women face particular challenging in many Eastern Sudanese communities, and empowerment of women is a key output of the joint programme. In general, adverse environmental conditions, the occurrence of armed conflict and economic problems in the region have had a disproportionate impact upon this cross-section of the population. This is, in large part, due to the prevailing culture norms, the high rates of illiteracy and absence of vocational training and life skills among women –
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factors which reduce coping capacity and the number of available livelihood opportunities. This position of heightened vulnerability tends to be particularly acute for rural women who are adversely affected by male migration.
Important barriers to female emancipation in Eastern Sudan include the prevalence of a tribal politics that marginalizes women and the use of traditional tenure systems which curtail the ability of women to own land and livestock. To address the specific livelihoods concern of women and their vulnerable position in the communities, the programme will partly mainstream gender considerations across all output areas– particularly vocational training, access to microfinance and diversified and improved livelihoods – with a general output target of at least 25 % women direct beneficiaries. In the activities related to capacity building of existing institutions, notably the locality administrations, mainstreaming gender in planning and implementation will be a key result. In addition, the programme will focus on capacity building, including financial support, of established women organization within, inter alia, the livelihoods and social cohesion sector. Furthermore, public awareness of gender issues and the social, political and economic inequalities for women is a concern that will be addressed through public awareness campaigns and cultural events.
Eastern Sudanese communities have suffered from civil conflict and insecurity, but the relationship between protracted refugees and host communities has generally been good. Thus, while insecurity is a major concern around refugee camps in the region, the security situation around the protracted refugee camps and their host communities is generally considered to be good and stable.
Conflict sensitivity planning and implementation is a key programming principle for the joint programme, and as such the programme seeks to provide specific outputs to prevent and mitigate potential conflicts, particularly between refugees and host communities as they are expected to be closer integrated, especially economically. These interventions will be based on a conflict assessment to be conducted by UNDP Country Office Staff early in 2012. Key activities to be further developed based on the assessment will be the identification of or establishment of joint committees to oversee implementation and activities to enhance social cohesion within and between groups.
Output 8: Institutional capacity building for decentralized governance (UNDP)
The capacity of government institutions to ensure sustainable continuation of service delivery to complement and support beneficiaries’ economic self-reliance is essential for the long-term impact of the programme. In close cooperation with other UNDP initiatives in the region, most notably within the Governance and Rule of Law Programme portfolio and particularly through close coordination and joint activities with the Local Government Development and Public expenditure Management Project (LGDPEM) the TSI aims at a comprehensive capacity building programme for local government institutions through and evidence-based and participatory approach. The LGDPEMP aims to develop/strengthen the Participatory Planning and Public Budgeting capacities of the States and Localities and this is also the starting point for the TSI programme. The first step for this output is to complete the Locality Development Plans for Girba and Fashaga localities. The locality development plans include village assessments and are produced through a participatory approach led by the UNDP Local Governance Advisor. A further part of this process is to establish 23
and/or support Planning and Information Units within the localities and improve the Public Expenditure Management.
As a pilot initiative for more extensive and comprehensive support at the locality level the TSI will also include an assessment of the institutional capabilities of the locality governments that will produce a capacity building plan aiming at improving institutional and technical capabilities of the localities through streamlined HR processes, trainings in management, M&E and planning, and specialized courses targeting the sectors within the localities. In addition to trainings the support will also include necessary equipment.
While capacity building of local and state government is a key priority output for the programme, the TSI also aims to identify and build the capacities of key CBOs and NGOs to strengthen the sustainability of service delivery and self-reliance activities.
Partnerships
Partners
The Joint Programme is implemented in close partnership with the existing partners among UN agencies, NGOs, CSOs and Line Ministries that are already partnering UNDP and UNHCR in Eastern Sudan. UNDP and UNHCR are also continuously seeking new partnerships and develop synergies with other partners and projects.
Particularly central for the TSI is the partnership with the World Bank. The World Bank is developing a complementary proposal for the provision of sustainable livelihoods for refugees, IDPs and host communities in Eastern Sudan in close coordination with UNHCR and UNDP on the basis of agreed principles of intervention. It is envisaged that the lessons learned from the implementation of Phase I of TSI, together with the implementation of the World Bank’s complementary program, will provide the basis for the design of a scaled up program to cover Eastern Sudan with the application of a homogeneous conceptual and operational approach by all participating agencies and promote joint fund raising.
The UNHCR/ WORLD BANK project collaborates and coordinates with the activities to be implemented under the Joint Programme. In addition to UNHCR direct collaboration in the implementation of refugee related activities in the project, UNDP and UNHCR will join the Steering Committee (SC) of the project responsible for overall policy guidance and monitoring of activities, as well as the project Technical Working Group (TWG) responsible for the coordination of field operations. UNHCR will contribute to project implementation under the coordination of Ministry of Finance, Economy and Labour (MFEL) and Project Implementation Unit (PIU). UNHCR will focus on the execution of specific activities in the Wad Sharifey refugee camp. The project has allocated resources for this task and the World Bank and UNHCR will enter into a cooperation agreement for this purpose.
Through the joint efforts of UNDP, UNHCR and the World Bank a total of 12 camps will be targeted and converted into settlements. This includes 8 camps in Eastern Sudan and 4 camps in Sennar and Gezira. Out of the twelve camps, UNDP/UNHCR will be targeting six camps – three in phase 1 and another three in phase two – in East Sudan. The World Bank, in collaboration with UNHCR, will be 24
initially working in the area of the Wad Sharifey refugee camp, as well as in Toglay IDP camp. The remaining five camps will be covered by the UNHCR Multi-Year Self-Reliance Project.
Linkages to Other Initiatives
The present programme is informed by previous strategies of UN agencies and the Government. It will be closely linked to past and current bilateral and multilateral initiatives: The 2007 joint UNHCR/COR Solutions Strategy for the Protracted Refugee Situation in Sudan, which envisaged the eventual uplifting of the living standards of the refugees and the granting of local integration. The 2009 UNHCR Self-reliance Strategy document contains a detailed review of past efforts to achieve self-reliance for refugees in East Sudan as well as comprehensive analysis of the continuing participation by UNHCR implementing partners in the self- reliance endeavor. Microfinance Consultancy to East Sudan from August to October, 2009 which was commissioned by the Central Bank of Sudan, UNDP and UNHCR. The essence of the study centered on identifying constraints for Microfinance industry development and recommend best practices to achieve sustainability in delivering financial services to the respective target groups. The presence of other long term involvement of bilateral development agencies illustrates other complimentary opportunities: the State Government of Kassala and JICA recently signed a four-year technical cooperation agreement “Capacity Development Project for Provision of Services for Basic Human Needs in Kassala” being started since March 2010 wherein the beneficiaries are people in the local communities, internally displaced persons and refugees in Kassala State. The World Bank Assessment of Development Needs of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons in Eastern Sudan identified critical issues for the provision of sustainable livelihoods to refugees and IDPs as well as for the development of the local population in general. The EU supported Eastern Sudan Recovery and Development Programme (ESRDP) being implemented since December 2009 in Kassala, Red Sea and Gedaref States. The programme mainly focused on livelihoods and capacity building. The EU supported Community Based Recovery and Rehabilitation Programme implemented by UNDP and INGos in Red Sea State.UNDP Crises and Risk Mapping and Analysis (CRMA) Project in the three East Sudan Stastes, being implemented since 2008, drew upon consultative mapping processes conducted both at locality and state levels. The UN presence in Kassala, in addition to UNDP, currently consists of the RCO, FAO, IFAD, WHO, UNICEF and WFP. However, many of these agencies have limited resources and staffing in the region resulting in minimal coverage, depth and scope with regard to programming. UNDP Support to Livelihoods and Natural Resource Management Project in Kassala, being implemented since 2009 to 2012. This pilot project has been developed with the support of UNDP’s Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, is providing assistance to UNDP Sudan to develop regional recovery strategies throughout the country. The project development has been guided by an in-depth analysis 25
conducted by th CRMA project in Kassala State to ensure that the project is being designed and implemented in a conflict and disaster risk sensitive way. The project has set foundations for Vocational Training, diverstified livelihood and launched a Micro-finance study for East Sudan in partnership with UNHCR and CBOS. The project results informed planning and design will guide guide implementation of the TSI in these sectors This Governance Project looks to strengthen the capacity of civil society organizations, communities (women and men) to play a pivotal role in poverty reduction, participatory development and peace-building. To this end, UNDP has conducted a capacity assessment of civil society in Red Sea State and is planning to conduct a similar assessment for Kassala. Local Government Development and Public expenditure Management Project (LGDPEM) being implemented by the Governance Unit in the region. The LGDPEMP aims to develop/strengthen the Participatory Planning and Public Budgeting capacities of the State and Localities and the self-reliance of the refugees would be firmly anchored in the improved planning and budgeting framework of the State. Secondly, the level of financial support provided by the project will be gradually channelled through the relevant government institutions, based on the lessons from the first phase. A parallel UNDP Rule of Law Programme in the region focuses promoting rule of law, human security and confidence-building by improving access to judicial services, ensuring support through public finances and increasing the accountability of the system to the citizens it serves. It also aims at enhancing the capacity of state government, civil society and communities to resolve disputes amicably, as well as at building the capacity of local officials and traditional leaders to develop and sustain a rule of law culture in Eastern Sudan. The UN Resident Coordinator Support Office (RCSO) opened in Kassala in September 2006. The Head of office in Kassala is responsible for the three states of the East. A smaller office exists in Port Sudan. The RCSO is responsible for providing coordination for recovery and development activities, supporting the annual work planning process under the Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) for Sudan.
Programme Principles
Therefore, the joint programme sets out to reduce refugees’ dependency on external aid and restore their dignity and self-esteem by supporting them to enjoy sustainable and long-term developmental solutions. It will draw on the relative competencies and strengths of UNDP and UNHCR to design and implement integrated approaches. It incorporates inclusiveness as a core principle that: attaches importance to targeting refugee and host communities simultaneously through area-based approaches, given that the latter experience the same forms of hardship as refugees. Moreover, by and large, they depend solely on the services (health, education, water and sanitation) that the international community provides for refugees; and
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will actively engage local authorities, state line ministries and other development actors from the outset. Provision is thus made to build capacities of government counterparts, local authorities, NGOs and both refugees and host communities in order to reinforce the effective design and management of developmental activities and ensure sustainability of programmes.
The joint programme framework adheres to the following key principles underpinned by flexible and holistic approaches that promote of broad participatory and people-centered partnerships, micro- policy linkage analysis, gender and women’s empowerment, and build on community strengths and capacities. Evidence based and participatory approach This joint programme will build upon concrete applied research and analysis, grounding interventions in a secure evidence base. All research and analysis conducted will be inclusive, engaging communities and individuals in a participatory manner. UNDP and UNHCR will thus adopt coherent and coordinated approaches to ensure that development efforts are based closely on a strong understanding of the context, are adaptable to programming changes as a result of changing circumstances on the ground, and have monitoring mechanisms to ensure its relevance, effectiveness and accountability. Livelihoods and natural resource management in East Sudan are inextricably linked. Sustainable natural resource interventions would impact favorably on the livelihood situation in the region including, inter alia, the use of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) to replace firewood as fuel, the provision of alternative woodless methods of brick construction, the distribution of energy saving stoves, the sharing of water harvesting technologies, the distribution of solar water pumps, reforestation measures and the proliferation of drip or spray-based methods of irrigation. The type of intervention chosen in any given instance will be tailored to fit the particular needs of the target population of both refugees and hosting populations. Considered more broadly, the end goal is to preserve the ability of the natural environment to support livelihoods over the course of many generations. Gender sensitivity: Eastern Sudanese communities are described as particularly conservative and have found it difficult to engage women in market- and income-related activities. This project takes the commitment to address the needs of women in the targeted areas extremely seriously. Special attention will be given to: i. Expanding women's participation and leadership to ensure that their representation in social, political and economic spheres is strengthened to give them a voice in the recovery process. ii. Promoting gender equality, prevent the increased vulnerability of women and girls and to specifically target women in prevention and recovery efforts. iii. Ensuring gender-responsive recovery and gender-sensitive programming to increase women's opportunities to livelihoods, including access to land, market and credit in East Sudan.
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Cultural sensitivity: Attention will be focussed to women and youth bearing in mind that culture and religion have often dictated on considerable disparities between the genders. Involvement of women in the decision making processes, income generating activities, community leaderships, trainings, and promotion of women networks will be undertaken to tackle the problem of low women participation in development activities. It is expected that involvement of women will lead to eventual households being self- sufficient as they often play a crucial role in family management and therefore understand the responsibility of maintenance of food, water and fuel supplies for households. Conflict sensitive programming: Engage women and youth playing key roles of ‘change agents’ in building and rehabilitating their communities and in the resolution of conflicts, building on existing capacities to enable them to become equipped with all the skills necessary for the management of their own community activities. Do No Harm principles will underlie all interventions. In the past, well-meaning programmes have sometimes undermined coping mechanisms and livelihoods in their area of activity by failing to fully think through the consequences of an intervention. i. In this connection, working with local communities and refugees in an area of limited resources and marginalization requires special attention to flash points and identify areas of current and potential risks and conflict. It will, therefore, be instrumental in the selection of potential project sites and beneficiary populations to ensure conflict-sensitivity and rights-based approaches. ii. Targeting of beneficiaries under the various components of the programme is an extremely sensitive issue. Criteria will have to be established that take account of the local peculiarities, needs and priorities of refugees and host populations. Understanding the local dynamics will be essential to ensure a conflict prevention lens and equity across ethnic/tribal lines.
Phased Area-based approach
The UNHCR/UNDP Joint Programme will be implemented in two phases. The first phase, which is covered by this document, will target the camps of Um Gargour, Girba and Kilo 26. The second phase of this Joint programme will target Shagarabs (1 + 2 +3) and Abuda. In parallel, UNHCR intends to convert the remaining 4 camps (three Sinaar camps, Fau 5 and Abuda) into self-reliant settlements within the next two years, and the World Bank will target the Wad Sharifey camp within the next three years. The first phase of the UNDP/UNHCR Joint Programme, the conclusion of the UNHCR Multi-Year Self-Reliance Project and the UNHCR/World Bank project will provide lessons learned and contribute to the design of Phase two.
The joint programme will apply area-based approaches implemented in phases by clustering individual refugee camps with surrounding villages based on existing interaction and shared services (e.g. use of basic services, land, economic activity, etc.). A series of surveys were jointly conducted 28
by UNDP and UNHCR in March 2011, using refugee camps as reference location, to verify interactions with local population and validate/review programmatic assumptions. These studies targeted three open camps (Girba, Kilo 26, and Um Gargour) one closed camp (AbuRakham), and their respective surrounding villages, which will constitute the first areas to be covered by this program. The area-based model will be applied in the remaining camps drawing on the lesson of the first phase.
Survey data collected thus far has provided the elements to develop a comprehensive livelihood characteristics databases for the eight target areas, which will be used to conduct change analysis. Baseline data, targets and changes will be recorded systematically to facilitate monitoring of progress, for example comparing agricultural growth as measured by increasing productivity, yield, etc. Similarly, it would be used to monitor how infrastructure development (e.g. roads, watering points, markets) impacts the social and economic environment, and assess whether that impact is positive. The database will produce statistical reports and maps, as well as provide real-time data for handover to competent authorities (e.g. the Department of Planning in the State Ministry of Finance).
The joint programme will adopt a phased approach. The first phase will be used to examine the successes of the tripartite partnership relation between UNDP, UNHCR and local authorities and communities in working together to address issues concerning the self-reliance of refugees and host population combined within the framework of an area-based approach. The first phase will also be instrumental in assessing the experience gained by the World Bank intervention in Eastern Sudan and the formulation of a homogenous approach for the implementation of subsequent phases. In addition, UNDP and UNHCR will work in partnership with other agencies, international institutions, civil society and other government institutions engaged in the targeted areas or involved in some of the related activities.
Sustainability
The programme is mindful of the imperative of sustainability. Hence, target beneficiary groups and authorities were engaged from the outset of the planning stages and will continue to be actively involved in all stages of implementation.
Capacity development is critical component in ensuring sustainability. As such the programme incorporates activities at all levels to ensure that the projects are financially and managerially sustainable as the external support is phased out. Thus capacity building activities will be carried out programmes at grassroots level as well as for local authorities and other relevant stakeholders using CBOs, NGOs and local authorities to facilitate mobilisation, planning, implementation and follow-up.
The proposed interventions will be implemented in such a way as to ensure gradual transition and phase out of the humanitarian relief and expansion on the longer-term self-reliance support with clear timelines and achievable outputs to avoid disruption in the livelihoods of the refugees that have depended on relief assistance for the past decades. Capacity development of the local communities will be critical, providing them with necessary skills and capacities to engage in the production cycle, local market and businesses that ensure sustainable income sources. 29
The joint programme will develop a clear phase out and exit strategy with an eye toward sustainability and community resilience. Gradual reduction of agencies’ support will accompany the systematic engagement of local authorities in service provision and inclusion of refugee needs/priorities in planning processes and funding cycles in partnership with development agencies.
In institutional terms, the project will be implemented through and by permanent statutory bodies (MOF, MOSW, COR, MOA, NGOs, CBOs and traditional authorities) which will remain in place after the end of the project. The joint programme does espouse the creation of new or parallel structures which could be unsustainable in the long run. It explicitly sets out to strengthen the institutional capacities and competencies and to develop effective working systems, structures, arrangements and procedures that can be adopted by existing statutory bodies. Should the need arise to establish project related committees or task forces, they will be based upon existing institutions. Every effort will be made to ensure that programme "innovations" are tailored to local capacity.
In financial terms, the project's exit strategy revolves around two main steps. Firstly, the project will link with the existing Local Government Development and Public expenditure Management Project (LGDPEM) being implemented by UNDP in the region. The LGDPEMP aims to develop/strengthen the Participatory Planning and Public Budgeting capacities of the State and Localities and the self- reliance of the refugees would be firmly anchored in the improved planning and budgeting framework of the State. Secondly, the level of financial support provided by the project will be gradually channeled through the relevant government institutions.
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IV. Results framework
Joint Programme Output: Poverty, especially amongst vulnerable groups is reduced and equitable economic growth is increased through improvements in livelihoods, decent employment opportunities, food security, sustainable natural resource management and self reliance(UNDAF outcome 3)
Joint Programme Goal: Enhance self-reliance, reduce aid dependency and assist the socio-economic integration of both refugees and host communities by restoring and expanding sustainable livelihoods opportunities
Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 1: Vocational 2012 Activity Result 1: UNDP UNDP Activity Result 1: capacities and business skills Renovation of Girba Capacity of existing vocational training 2012 Vocational Training center providers assessed and market-oriented enhanced 600 trainees (refugees and capacity development plan developed: Consultants: $50,000 host community) enrolled in Workshops: $10,000 Indicators: Girba and Mobile training and Conduct assessment of vocational training providers, 450 graduated from vocational 2014 training. vocational gaps, skills Consultants: $40,000 development opportunities, Number of 450 graduates of vocational training needs and trainees’ training provided with grants Sub-total1: $100,000 employment /job possibilities enrolments and and tool kits Conduct labour market survey graduates from Mobile vocational training for Kassala and Gadarif States vocational training provided 18 rounds of training Present and validate centers. (2 weeks, 3 weeks, 5 weeks assessment finding with Number of and 3 months courses) in vocational training actors and beneficiaries with refugees camps and host community leaders increased income community target areas for Develop vocational capacity from acquired new 450 youth beneficiaries of development plan for Gadarif skills. which 25 % women State Improvement of At least 300beneficiaries with quality two improved income from training centers acquired new skills, of which Activity Result 2: UNDP UNDP, ILO, 2012 and sustainability at least 25 % women of vocational JICA, Sub-Contract (infrastructure): Capacity of Kassala and Girba Vocational training opportunities ACORD, $300,000 training delivery in vocational training centers target areas. provided to target population in Girba State MoFEP Consultants: $100,000 improved to meet the needs and El Fashaga Localities: Kassala and Sub-contracts (Mobile training of refugees and host Gadarif, providers):$85,000 31
communities in the target Build capacity of vocational Federal Equipment: $65,000 areas training providers Vocational Workshops: $50,000 Baselines: Plans finalized for Gadarif Establish Gadarifand Training Vocational Training Centre rehabilitate Girbavocational Council, 2013 # of enrolments training centers Kassala Sub-Contract (infrastructure): and graduates 2013 Establish and support mobile Vocational $500,000 from vocational vocational training services. Training Equipment: $100,000 training centers Gadarif Vocational Training Capacitate Kassala State Council, Sub-contracts (Mobile training in 2011 Centre constructed and Vocational Training Council to Kassala and providers): $110,000 Low levels of equipment provided. oversee and develop policies Girba Workshops: $40,000 for vocational training vocational skills 750 trainees (refugees and Vocational Consultants: $50,000 Initiate development of and training of host community) enrolled in Training refugees and host business model to ensure the Girba and Mobile training and Centers, SRC 2014 communities in sustainability of vocational 600graduated from vocational and the target areas training centers training Contractors Sub-Contract (infrastructure): Income level of 750 graduates of vocational $500,000 beneficiaries training provided with grants Equipment: $50,000
and tool kits Sub-contracts (Mobile training Mobile vocational training providers): $110,000 provided 24 rounds of training Workshops$100,000 (2 weeks, 3 weeks, 5 weeks Consultants: $40,000 and 3 months courses) in refugees camps and host Sub-total2: $2,200,000 community target areas for 600 youth beneficiaries of which 25 % women At least 400 people with improved income from acquired new skills, of which Activity Result 3: UNDP UNDP, State Activity Result 3: at least 25 % women MoFEP Trained beneficiaries supported to Kassala and 2012 2014 initiate businesses and/or achieve Gadarif , Sub- contract (grants and tool-
employment ILO, SRC, kits): $210,000 Gadarif Vocational Training Kassala Consultant: $50,000 Centre constructed and Provide start-up capital Vocational equipment provided and grants/tools for trained youth Training 2013 become operational. and women; Council Sub- contract (grants and tool- 900 trainees (refugees and Support vocational-oriented kits): $260,000 host community) enrolled in SMEs businesses to develop Consultants: $50,000
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Girba, Gadarif and Mobile management and business training and 600graduated plans 2014 from vocational training Develop mechanisms to create Sub- contract (for provision of 900 graduates of vocational linkages with employment grants and tool-kits): $580,000 training provided with grants institutions for graduates and Consultants: $50,000 and tool kits facilitate access to Mobile vocational training microfinance services. Sub-total3: $1,200,000 provided 24 rounds of training Develop and maintain (2 weeks, 3 weeks, 5 weeks database of skilled trainees and 3 months courses) in and affiliate them to institutions/ jobs to transfer refugees camps and host their skills locally and assess community target areas for the impact of vocational 600 youth beneficiaries of training which 25 % women
At least 400 people with improved income from acquired new skills, of which at least 25 % women Sustainability plan for vocational training center
Activity Result 4: UNDP 2012 Staff: $70,000 Vocational capacity technical/ management support provided: 2013 Staff: $70,000 Vocational Training officer 2014: Staff: $70,000
Sub-total: $210,000 Sub-Total 2012: $1,060,000 Sub-Total 2013: $1,180,000 Sub-Total 2014: $1,540,000 Sub-Total Output 1: $3,780,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 2: Community 2012 Activity Result 1: UNHCR UNHCR 2012 Access to Basic social $60,000 Services (health, Education:- Management and awareness of Consultant: $50,000 Education and Watsan) education, health and nutrition and Workshops: $10,000 improved 2 primary schools WATSAN strengthened constructed: 8 classrooms + 2 2013 labs in each school including Conduct an assessment of the $20,000 Indicators: school latrines, fence, theatre, status of basic services ( Operations:$20,000 3 office rooms and a storage education, Health and Nutrition, Number of room. WATSAN) facilities and qualities 2014 community Construction of one Raise community awareness $40,000 awareness secondary school (3 about the need for improved Consultants: $40,000 meetings/training classrooms and 2 labs for boys education, WATSAN, Health and s held. + 3 classrooms and 2 labs for nutrition through behaviour Sub-total1: $120,000 Number and type girls): including: school change strategies. of community latrines, fence, theatre, 3 structures set up. office rooms + 1 storage
room. Activity Result 2: UNHCR State 2012
Schools: Government $1,381,000 Health and Nutrition: Educational facilities constructed and Line Construction: $600,000 Number of primary secondary education provided. Operations:: $761,000 3 hospitals (Es Showak, Girba, Ministries of and secondary Workshops: $20,000 and Gedaref ) rehabilitated Education, schools and upgraded. UNHCR, constructed/rehabi 2013 Construct 4 Primary Health litated. UNICEF, $505,000 Unit (PHU) including 2 rooms, Number and type SOLO Operations:: $490,000 latrine and veranda of school materials Workshops:$15,000 Provide medical equipment provided. (80 beds & mattresses each) Number of children 2014 for Girba Teaching Hospital & enrolled in $215,000 Es Showak Hospital secondary Operations:: $200,000 Provide an ambulance for education Workshops:$15,000 Girba Teaching Hospital & Es Number of children Showak Hospital completing primary Sub-total2: $2,101,000 Construction of a minor
34
education surgery / treatment room in Kilo-26 camp Activity Result 3: UNHCR 2012 Hire 3 nurse-midwives as SRC, GHF, $ 522,000 b) Health: medical referral focal points in Health delivery systems improved:- HAI, State Construction: $ 179,309 each area. Government Equipment: $116,048 No. of health Hire 6 home visitors. . Rehabilitation and upgrade of the Drugs: $178,000 Ministries of facilities Provision of an ambulance for public health facilities of the camps Medical staff: $ 13,800 rehabilitated/ Girba Teaching Hospital & Es and host communities. Health, workshop:$35,000 constructed Showak Hospital . Provision of medical equipment UNICEF, No of health staff Construction of a minor . Referral Mechanisms established UNFPA, 2013 increased and surgery / treatment room in . Provide access to essential drugs WHO , $ 221,800 present Kilo-26 camp . Measures to control UNHCR operations: $ 191,800 No of trainings Two trainings on CMAM for workshops: $30,000 conducted for five days for 20 people management and 2 trainings provided for 20 technical staff people (trained in 2014: Number of persons implementing growth $ 216,800 receiving health monitoring for children < 5 operations: $ 191,800 care years. workshops: $25,000 Number of Procure Plumpy nut and advocacy formula milk for the severely Sub-total3: $960,600 interventions malnourished. undertaken Water and Sanitation:- Activity Result 4: UNHCR El Sugya, 2012 State $ 760,000 c) Water: Water systems are extended Supply of potable water increased or Government Operations: 760,000 and rehabilitated in Girba, maintained. Line Number of water Kilo-26 and Um Gargour. Ministries of 2013 taps Water Management Water system constructed, Water, $250,000 constructed/repair Committees set up expanded and/or upgraded Operations: $250,000 ed Water system operations Water systems are operated, Number of water maintained and improved maintained and sustained for the 2014 management Strengthen water Users and $150,000 continuous, reliable and equitable committees set up Sanitation committees Operations: $ 150,000 Number of distribution of water. awareness training 2013 Sub-total4: $1,160,000 sessions Education:
35
Organize training workshops Activity Result 5: UNHCR El Sugya, 2012 for teachers State $ 518,713 Baselines: Activate School Management Sanitary and hygiene conditions Government Operations: $448,713 Committees /PTAs improved: Line Consultant: $ 70,000 Schools Provide missing facilities Ministries of needed in primary and Household sanitary facilities/latrines Water, 2013 Out of 16500 secondary schools constructed $210,000 refugee children of Sanitary materials provided Operations:140,000 school going age Health and Nutrition Community solid waste Consultant : 70,000 (6-14yrs) only 48% Hire 3 nurse-midwives as management services (8000) students medical referral focal points in attend the basic each area. 2014 primary education Hire 6 home visitors $210,000 in the 17 UNHCR Provision of essential Operations:140,000 assisted schools. medicines Consultant: 70,000 Student teacher 2 trainings provided for 20 ratio is 1:60 people (trained in Textbook student implementing growth Sub-total5: $938,713 ration is 1:5 monitoring for children < 5 years. Procure Plumpy nut and Activity Result 6: UNHCR UNHCR, 2012 Health formula milk for the severely State $30,000 malnourished Create linkages between local Government Operations: $ 30,000 Crude mortality authorities, line Ministries and Line rate average 0.3 WATSAN specialized UN Agencies Promote and Ministries , 2013 Under 5 mortality Water system operations COR. $ 25,000 support development of community- rate average 0.7 maintained and improved Operations: $ 25,000 based organization to technically support Average Infant Strengthen water Users and mortality rate 17.3 Sanitation committees services and efficiently embed them in 2014 Average Neonatal the monitoring systems. $ 20,000 Mortality rate 1.6 2014 Operations: $15,000
Education: Sub-total6: $70,000 Water Organize training workshops for teachers Average water Activate School Management consumption per Committees /PTAs person/day is 20 Provide missing facilities Litres needed in primary and 23% of the camp 36
populations have secondary schools latrines. Health and Nutrition Hire 3 nurse-midwives as medical referral focal points in each area. Hire 6 home visitors Provision of essential medicines Refresher training on CMAM reporting and management and diagnosis of anaemia 2 trainings provided for 20 people (trained in implementing growth monitoring for children < 5 years. Procure Plumpy nut and formula milk for the severely malnourished
WATSAN Water system operations maintained and improved Strengthen water Users and Sanitation committees Sub-Total 2012: $3,271,713 Sub-Total 2013: $1,231,800
Sub-Total 2014: $851,800
Sub-Total Output 2: $3,580,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 3: Protection 2012 Activity Result 1: UNHCR UNHCR 2012 services and legal 50 % of refugees in the $888,000 Support target areas supported to Individual documentation increased:- Operations: $858,000 access identity Advocacy: $20,000 documentation. Issuance of ID & travel Workshops: $10,000 Indicators: Sensitization and awareness documents to persons of raising provided to staff in concern supported 2013 Number of persons legal institutions dealing Introduction of digital refugee $ 626,000 receiving residence with refugees ID cards operations: $566,000 permits Acquisition of residence Advocacy for improved consultants: $60,000 Number of persons permit facilitated documentation for refugees receiving ID’s and Capacity building for the 2014 travel documents national registration system and $422,000 Number of 2013 linking it to the refugees Operations: $362,000 government 25 % of refugees in the database (ProGres) Consultants: $60,000 officials lobbied target areas supported to Align refugee registration into access identity Number of people the national registration system Sub-total1: $1,936,000 documentation. receiving Sensitization and awareness sensitization and raising provided to staff in Activity Result 2: UNHCR 2012 awareness raising legal institutions dealing $250,000 with refugees Law and policy developed or Operations: $230,000 Acquisition of residence Workshops: $20,000 permit facilitated strengthened:-
2013 Baselines: 2014 Advocacy conducted with local $366,000 25 % of refugees in the authorities for freedom of The 2007 Joint target areas supported to movement, extended access to Operations: $346,000 Solutions Strategy access identity work facilitated. Workshops: $20,000 mooted by both documentation. Awareness raising with the UNHCR and COR. Sensitization and awareness judiciary and law enforcement 2014 Average monthly raising provided to staff in agencies on human rights and $262,000 influx of 2000 legal institutions dealing refugee-related issues Operations:: $242,000 asylum seekers with refugees Advocate and support the Workshops $25,000 69,533 refugees Acquisition of residence update of the refugee Asylum and sylum seekers permit facilitated Act 1974. Sub-total2: $838,000 registered in 2011 38
80% of adult refugees and asylum seekrs issued individual identity documentation Sub-Total 2012: $1,138,000 Sub-Total 2013: $992,000
Sub-Total 2014: $684,000
Sub-Total Output 3: $2,814,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 4: Rural 2012 Activity Result 1: UNDP UNDP 2012 Livelihoods $85,000 opportunities for Assessments on land tenure Equitable natural resource tenure for Consultants: $60,000 and CSOs capacity conducted Workshops: $25,000 Refugees and Host users including Refugees, Sedentary and validated. Farmers and Pastoralists towards Communities Capacity development plans 2014 achieving peaceful co-existence and Diversified and for farmers and pastoralists $40,000 sustainable development in the target Improved prepared. Consultants: $20,000 500 farmers and pastoralists area: Workshops: $20,000 Indicators: with increased production and/or profits Conduct assessment on land Subtotal activity 1: Increased 100 farmers/ pastoralists tenure $125,000 CBOs capacity assessment productivity and households linked to markets Validate assessments findings profitability for for agricultural and pastoral with community leaders and pastoralists and commodities implementing partners farmers 3 communities improve water Develop capacity development Number of harvesting techniques, farmers and plan for farmers and storage facilities and establish pastoralist pastoralists community agricultural connected to Activity Result 2: UNDP UNDP, FAO, 2012 groups markets WFP, Acord, $900,000 10 para-vets trained, 10 crush Coverage of Agricultural production improved for SOLO, Sub-contract IPs channel installations constructed and agricultural, 2,450 HH in areas of Rainfed and MoARF, production inputs: $400,000 450,000 animal units veterinary and irrigated cultivation and 600 women MoAF, Sub-contract IPs to support animal extension vaccinated Practical water harvesting: $200,000 groups are food secured: services in target 50 Animal extension training Action Sub-contracts IPs support CBOs: areas expanded courses conducted for 1000 Provision of improved crop $100,000 Number and persons. production inputs (improved Sub-contracts IPs support home capacity of 50 tons of seed broadcasted, seeds, tools, and intermediate garden: $200,000 community based 10 km of cattle routes opened production technologies) organizations and demarcated. 2013 delivering Capacities developed for 10 $2,150,000 livelihoods livelihood community based Train and support farmers in Sub-contracts IPs channel agric services improved organization, of which at least community water harvesting production inputs: $900,000 3 are women organizations. techniques for rain-fed Sub-contracts IPs support water Baselines: 100 women groups trained, agriculture harvesting: $600,000 Tbc supported to establish home Sub-contracts IPs support CBOs: gardens and households’ food $150,000 40
security improved. Improve community - based Sub-contracts IPs support home grains and cereals storage garden: $500,000 2013 facilities and capacities. 1125 farmers and pastoralists 2014 with increased production $1,850,000 and/or profits Support women groups on Sub-contracts IPs channel agric 200 farmers/ pastoralists home gardening for household production inputs: $700,000 households linked to markets self-sufficiency and sale. Sub-contracts IPs support water for agricultural and pastoral harvesting: $500,000 commodities Sub-contracts IPs support CBOs: 10 communities improve $150,000 water harvesting techniques, Sub-contracts IPs support home
storage facilities and establish garden: $500,000 community agricultural groups Sub-total Activity 2: Kilo 26 market and slaughter $ 4,900,000 house established, farmers and pastoralists market links Activity Result 3: UNDP UNDP, 2012 enhanced. UNHCR, FAO, $150,000 10 para-vets trained, 15 crush Income for 10,000 HH from agriculture WFP, ACORD, Sub-contract MoA for rural installations constructed and and pastoral communities in target area MARF, MoAF, extension : $100,000 900,000 animal units improved: Practical Consultants for market linkages: vaccinated. Action, Girba $30,000 80 Animal extension training Provide training and rural Locality Workshops: $20,000 courses conducted for 1600 extension packages on market persons linkages and farming as 2013 70 tons of seed broadcasted, business; $180,000 20 km of cattle routes opened Sub-contract MoAR for and demarcated. slaughter house: $100,000 Capacities developed for 7 Link farmers and pastoral Sub-contract MoA for rural livelihood community based groups to the market for extension : $80,000 organization, , of which at agricultural and pastoral least 2 are women commodities; 2014 organizations. $120,000 250 women groups trained, Sub-contract MoA for rural supported to establish home Establish market place at Kilo extension : $80,000 gardens and households’ food 26 and construct Consultants: $40,000 security improved. slaughterhouse to enhance farmers and animal market in Subtotal: $450,000 the area. 41
2014 Activity Result 4: UNDP UNDP, 2012 UNHCR, FAO, $340,000 875 farmers and pastoralists WFP, Acord, Sub-contracts animal services: with increased production SRC, SOLO, $240,000 and/or profits 20,000 Pastoralists’ livelihoods and MARF, MoAF, Sub-contracts range and 200 farmers/ pastoralists adaptability strengthened and potential Practical pasture: $100,000 households linked to markets conflicts around resources reduced. Action for agricultural and pastoral 2013 commodities Improve veterinary services $430,000 7 communities improve water including animal extension, Sub-contracts animal services: harvesting techniques, routine vaccination campaigns $280,000 storage facilities and establish and para-vets training Sub-contracts range and community agricultural pasture: $150,000 groups 20 crush installations Pasture improvement by seed 2014 constructed and 1,200,000 broadcasting, range enclosure $430,000 animal units vaccinated. reserves and improved Sub-contracts animal services: 80 Animal extension training techniques for fodder $296,000 courses conducted for 1600 harvesting and storage. Sub-contracts range and persons Reduced conflicts between pasture: $134,000 70 tons of seed broadcasted, pastoralists and farmers by 20 km of cattle routes opened cattle routes opening and Subtotal Activity Result 4: and demarcated. demarcation $1,200,000 Capacities developed for 10 Activity Result 5: UNDP UNDP, FAO, 2012 livelihood community based WFP, Acord, $470,000 organization, of which at least Agricultural and Pastoral community SRC, SOLO, Consultants: $50,000 are women organizations. groups, associations and unions in the MARF, MoAF, Sub-contracts IPs to: CSOs, 250 women groups trained, target area strengthened and supported: Practical women groups, associations and supported to establish home Action, unions capacity development gardens and households’ food Livelihood CSOs assessed, Framers and channel support: $250,000 security improved. strengthened and supported union and Workshops: $ 70,000 to take an active role in Pastoralists community development. union. 2013 $510,000 Sub-contracts IPs to: CSOs, Organize and support women women groups, associations and groups engaged in small scale unions capacity development vegetable farms. and channel support: $350,000 Consultants: $100,000
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Develop the capacity and Workshops: $ 60,000 support farmers’ associations, unions and cooperatives 2014 $530,000 Sub-contracts IPs to: CSOs, women groups, associations and unions capacity development and channel support: $400,000 Consultants: $70,000 Workshops: $ 60,000
Subtotal activity 5: $1,510,000 Activity Result 6: UNDP UNDP, Activity Result 6: UNHCR, FAO, WFP, Acord, 2012 SRC, SOLO, $90,000 Vulnerable groups with limited MARF, MoAF, Consultant: $20,000 livelihoods opportunities empowered: Practical Workshops: $20,000 Action Subcontracts IPs to channel Advocacy with government support to vulnerable: $50,000 entities and communities for refugees’ access to agricultural 2013 land. $170,000 Identify and support income- Consultant: $40,000 generating activities IGAs for Workshops: $30,000 vulnerable groups Subcontracts IPs to channel support to vulnerable: $100,000
2014 $150,000 Consultant: $30,000 Workshops: $20,000 Subcontracts IPs to channel support to vulnerable: $100,000
Subtotal activity 6: $410,000
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Activity Result 7: UNDP 2012 Staff: $70,000 Livelihoods technical / management support 2013 $70,000
2014 $70,000
Subtotal Activity 7: $ 210,000
Sub-Total 2012: $2,105,000 Sub-Total 2013: $3,510,000 Sub-Total 2014: $3,190,000 Sub-Total Output 4: $8,805,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 5: 2012 Activity Result 1: UNDP UNDP 2012 Needs for microfinance $80,000 Access to Microfinance assessed and microfinance Business opportunities and needs for Services Enhanced identified. financial services within the target areas Consultants (Needs 1500 microfinance assessed and Service Providers identified. assessment & prod. Of beneficiaries’ capacities and Directory): Indicators: skills in business management Needs assessment to identify gaps $60,000 improved of which at least 50 on life skills to introduce Number of new % women. innovative options. Workshops : microfinance At least 1500 people Production and publication of $ 20,000 clients increased benefited from microfinance Business Service Provider by at least 15% services of which at least 50 % Directory. annually. women. Sub-total: $80,000 Number of Improved capacity and beneficiaries quality of at least three of receiving business microfinance service and financial skills providers. training in the Activity Result 2: UNDP UNDP, 2012 target area. A common performance Central Bank $200,000 monitoring system by the Capacity of microfinance providers Workshops (Dev.of of Quality of service of Sudan- service providers is developed. Harmonized approach: provider MFU, Social established. $ 10,000 performance in Microfinance providers in the A Financial Business Service Dev. Consultant ( capacity microfinance target area develop an agreed on Provider Directory is Foundation , assessment & train. delivery unified approach through published. MFI’s, Private improved. coordination and consultation plan) : meetings. Sector, $ 40,000 2013 Capacity assessment for service ACORD Consultant (2 ToT 2500 microfinance providers. trainings ): $ 60,000 Baseline: beneficiaries’ capacity and Equipment & prov. of Development of Capacity skills in business training materials: development plan and trainings Business management improved of $10,000 needs for service providers. opportunities which at least 50 % women. Consultants (4 and Capacitate service providers to Training Workshops): entrepreneurship deliver microfinance in line with $ 40,000 capacities At least 2,500 people visions and strategies adopted by Consultants (dev. Of within groups in benefited form from CBOS through the followings; risk mitigation the target areas microfinance services of strategy& safety need to be which at least 50 % women. ▪ ToT training courses for the nets): 45
improved. Improved capacity and staff of service providers team $ 40,000 including; counseling skills, Limited access to quality of at least three of communication skills, microfinance microfinance service 2013 community mobilization and providers. $ 90,000 presentation skills. Consultant (2 ToT 2014 ▪ Training Workshops for staff train. ): $ 60,000 3000 microfinance on; microfinance principles, Equipment & prov. of beneficiaries’ capacities and Business Analysis, including skills in business IGAs planning and start up. training materials: $10,000 management improved of Training workshops on result ▪ Consultants (2 which at least 50 % women. based monitoring & Evaluation Training Workshops): and risk management. At least 3,000 people $ 20,000 benefited form from Develop Risk mitigation strategy
microfinance services of and establish safety nets. 2014 which at least 50 % women. Advocate and Develop mechanism for micro insurances against $110,000 Improved capacity and uncontrollable risk. Consultant (2 ToT quality of at least three of (Weather/harvest, fire/theft, etc). train. ): microfinance service Develop exist strategy plan. $ 60,000 providers Equipment & prov. of training materials: $ 10,000 Consultants (2 Training Workshops): $ 20,000 Consultant (Develop exist strategy): $ 20,000
Sub-total: $ 400,000
Activity Results 3: UNDP UNDP, Activity Result 3:
7,000 Microfinance Beneficiaries’ Social Dev. 2012 capacities and skills in business Foundation , $ 600,000 management improved MFIs, Private Sub-contracts (train. Training on business and financial Sector, Bus. & Financial skills# skills (technical & operational) for ACORD 1500 benef.): micro and small businesses $150,000
46
including: Train. equipment: ▪ Training sessions for staff in; $ 50,000 Business Analysis, including Sub-contracts (train. IGAs planning and start up. For groups ▪ Training in profit & loss /committees): calculations, saving $ 80,000 mobilization, Workshops: ▪ Bookkeeping & business fin. $ 20,000 Management. Sub-contracts ▪ Life skills trainings. (Construction ▪ Marketing skills. Of 3 business centers ): Support and train Savings and $300,000 Credit Associations /groups on basic operational skills and strategic visioning: 2013 $400,000 Training sessions for community Sub-contracts (train. groups / committees in; Bus. & Financial skills# ▪ Leadership skills, group 2500 benef.): formation and organization. $ 250,000 ▪ Saving mobilization. Train. equipment: ▪ Microcredit and saving $ 50,000 management systems. Sub-contracts (train. ▪ Trainings on micro saving and For groups credit for women groups. /committees): ▪ Training on how to staring up $ 80,000 IGAs. Workshops: Build capacity of community $ 20,000 groups including women groups to strengthen linkages with 2014 microfinance institutions; $450,000 ▪ Networking and coordination Sub-contracts (train. trainings. Bus. & Financial skills# Construction and establishment 3000 benef.): and of Business Development $ 300,000 Services centers. Train. equipment: $60,000 Sub-contracts (train. For groups
47
/committees): $ 80,000 Workshops: $ 10,000
Sub-total: $1,450,000 Activity Result 4: UNDP, Activity Result 4: Social Dev. Access to microfinance for target Foundation, 2012 communities, particularly women, MFI’s, ACORD $ 600,000 increased. Sub-contract (Formation of women Formation of women saving and Sav.& lend. groups: lending groups. $ 50,000 Provide microfinance to Sub-contract individuals, women groups, equipment: community organizations and $50,000 youth. Sub-contract (microfinance to indiv. & women groups#1500 benef.: $500,000
2013 $ 920,000 Sub-contract (Formation of women Sav.& lend. groups: $ 60,000 Sub-contract equipment: $60,000 Sub-contract (microfinance to indiv. & women groups#2500 benef.: $ 800,000
2014
48
$1,140,000 Sub-contract (Formation of women Groups): $ 70,000 Sub-contract equipment: $70,000 Sub-contract (microfinance) $1,000,000
Sub-total: $2,660,000 Activity Result 5: UNDP UNDP Activity Result 5:
Microfinance technical/ 2012 management support provided: Staff: $70,000
Microfinance and Business 2013 Development officer Staff: $70,000
2014 Staff: $70,000
Sub-total: $210,000 Sub-Total 2012: $ 1,550,000
Sub-Total 2013: $ 1,480,000
Sub-Total 2014: $ 1,770,000
Sub-Total Output 5: $ 4, 800,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 6: Capacities 2012 Activity Result 1: UNHCR UNHCR, FNC 2012 for environment Produce 300,000 seedlings of $60,000 management and different species; Strategy developed/ implemented Consultants: $50,000 energy conservation Provide inputs (6 tractors with Workshops: $10,000 are developed accessories for land Carry out an environmental preparation, 30 water pumps baseline study. 2013 Indicators: for irrigation) Establish a data-base $25,000 Provide 2300 units of LPG to information system for Number of persons HH to reduce bio-mass environment and livelihood 2014 receiving consumption and conserve activities and assess the impact $70,000 environmental the environment. on livelihood and food security. Consultants: $40,000 education Conduct awareness raising Advocacy with government Operations: $30,000 campaigns sessions on the use of energy Number of alternatives for 2300 HH. Sub-total: $155,000 reforestation project benefiting 2013 Activity Result 2: UNHCR FNC, UNHCR, 2012 host and displaced Produce 300,000 tree IUCN, State $804,484 communities seedlings Forest protection activities undertaken:- Government Operations: $603,484 Number with Provide 2300 units of LPG to Line Equipment: $121,000 access to clean and HH to reduce bio-mass Produce seedlings of different Ministries of Workshops: $20,000 sustainable energy consumption and conserve species Natural Consultants: 60,000 the environment. Provide inputs for forestation Resources Conduct awareness raising Advocate with the government 2013 Baselines: sessions on the use of energy Provide training in gum Arabic $720,000 alternatives for 2300 HH. tapping and collection and operations:: $630,000 34,357 of processing of NTFP Workshops $20,000 households 2014 Consultants: $70,000 reached through Produce 300,000 tree environment seedlings 2014 education Provide 2300 units of LPG to $550,000 56,550 hectares of HH to reduce bio-mass Operations:: $460,000 degraded land consumption and conserve Workshops$20,000 rehabilitated. the environment. Consultants: $70,000 1682 households Conduct awareness raising sessions on the use of energy Sub-total: $2,074,484
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reached through alternatives for 2300 HH. use of clean energy Activity Result 3: UNHCR FNC, UNHCR, 2012 (LPG) and solar IUCN, State $ 20,000 lanterns. Capacity building undertaken:- Government Operations: $20,000 Line . Conduct community Environmental Ministries of 2013 Management plan (CEMP) for Natural $ 30,000 proper planning of environmental Resources Operations: $30,000 activities and use of natural resources in a sustainable manner. 2014 . Raise Community awareness on the $ 40,000 use of alternative energy sources Operations: $40,000 and environment conservation. Sub-total: $90,000 Activity Result 4: UNHCR FNC, UNHCR, 2012 IUCN, State $ 397,782 Access to energy improved:- Government Operations: $ 159,851 Line Equipment: 237,931 Alternative renewable energy Ministries of promoted Natural 2013 Energy saving practices Resources $ 419,751 promoted Operations: $ 159,851 Awareness-raising on energy Equipment: 260,000 issues promoted 2014 $ 419,751 Operations: $ 159,851 Equipment: 260,000
Sub-total: $1,237,284 Sub-Total 2012: $1,282,266 Sub-Total 2013: $1,194,751
Sub-Total 2014: $1,079,751
Sub-Total Output 6: $3,556,768
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 7: Promote 2012 Activity Result 1: UNDP UNDP 2012 women empowerment, Representatives from 5 Gender capacity development plan Consultants: implementing partners prepared $40,000 peaceful coexistence receive training in gender and and social cohesion conflict sensitive Conduct gender assessment Sub-total: $40,000 programming and imple- baseline study Indicators mentation Prepare gender capacity development plan Gender Capacities built of 4 women Activity Result 2: UNDP UNDP, 2012 assessment organizations conducted and UNHCR, UN report compiled WOMEN, Workshops: $150,000 # of institutions 6 environmental custodian Strengthen ability of institutions to MoSA, MoF trained in gender committees established conduct gender sensitive development 2013 sensitive planning and implementation programming 100 women trained on Workshops: $150,000 # women with conflict resolutions, Build capacities of increased life communication and implementing partners 2014 skills leadership skills including government # of beneficiaries institutions on mainstreaming Workshops: $150,000 trained in the 100 men and 100 women of gender sensitive planning “One Man Can” trained on the One Man Can and implementation in Sub-total: $450,000 manual manual livelihood programming Provide integrated capacity Baseline: Biweekly radio programmes support to existing women on gender and social cohesion organizations and community Limited women's active building produced and aired based institutions to identify participation in political and analyze gender related issues and develop capacities and economic sphere in 3 Radio listening cultural and skills for conflict east Sudan. groups supported to promote gender equity and social management Activity Result 3: UNDP UNDP, 2012 cohesion UNHCR, UN 2013 Empower women through building life- WOMEN, Workshops: $60,000 skills and enabling women to take the MoSA, MoF Sub-Contracts (group lead on development initiatives support): $80,000 52
5 implementing partners Sub-contracts receive training in conflict Establish women-led (training): $100,000 sensitive programming and environmental custodian implementation committees to target 2013 environmental issues within the Capacities built of 4 women local communities Workshops: $60,000 organizations Establish area-based women’s Sub-Contracts (group groups and support their support): $80,000 6 environmental custodian initiatives to enhance inter- Sub-contracts committees supported communal social cohesion and (training): $100,000 interaction 100 women trained on Train women on conflict 2014 conflict resolutions, resolution, communication and communication and leadership skills Workshops: $60,000 leadership skills Sub-Contracts (group support): $80,000 100 men and 100 women Sub-contracts trained on the One Man Can (training): $100,000 manual Sub-total: $720,000 Biweekly radio gender Activity Result 4: UNDP UNDP, 2012 awareness programs UNHCR, UN produced Gender awareness increased among WOMEN, Sub-Contractor population and healthy equity based MoSA, MoF (training): $150,000 6 cultural groups supported relations between men and women Sub-contractor to promote gender equity or (media): $100,000 promoted social cohesion Grants: $50,000 Organise gender awareness 2014 events and policy advocacy 2013 events at state , locality and Sub-Contractor Representatives from 5 community levels (training): $150,000 implementing partners Train community Sub-contractor receive training in conflict representatives on GBV issues (media): $100,000 sensitive programming and using the “One Man Can” Grants: $50,000 implementation manual Support local media to 2014 Capacities built of 4 women promote gender awareness organizations programmes (biweekly Sub-Contractor programmes) (training): $150,000 Support community based 53
6 environmental custodian drama, music and folklore Sub-contractor committees supported groups to promote gender (media): $100,000 equity issues Grants: $50,000 100 women trained on conflict resolutions, Sub-total: $900,000 communication and Activity Result 5: Conflict assessment UNDP UNDP 2012 leadership skills conducted and plan of action for social Workshops: $200,000 cohesion activities prepared: 100 men and 100 women Sub-total5: $200,000 trained on the One Man Can - Undertake 3 multi-stakeholder manual conflict analysis workshops - Produce a report identifying areas of Biweekly radio gender potential risks that might emerge awareness programs when the refugees and host produced communities engage in joint long- term planning for livelihoods, 10 cultural groups supported income generation and employment to promote gender equity or creation interventions, and identify social cohesion conflict-sensitive mainstreaming entry points Activity result 6: UNDP UNDP 2012 Sub-contractor Implement preventive measures to (training): $50,000 prevent conflict risks, and enhance social Grants (cultural): cohesion $50,000 Sub-contractor Establish and support (community safety community-based early warning nets): $100,000 mechanism Support joint cultural events 2013 such as peace festivals Sub-contractor Broadcast success stories of (training): $50,000 social integration and increased Grants (cultural): inter-communal cohesion $50,000 Establish community safety net Sub-contractor mechanisms for conflicts and (community safety disasters nets): $100,000
2014
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Grants (cultural): $50,000 Sub-contractor (community safety nets): $100,000
Sub-total6: $550,000 Activity Result 7: UNDP UNDP 2012 Staff: $70,000 Women empowerment technical/management support 2013 (Peace/Gender Officer) Staff: $70,000
2014 Staff: $70,000
Sub-total7: $210,000
Sub-Total 2012: $1,200,000
Sub-Total 2013: $960,000
Sub-Total 2014: $910,000
Sub-Total Output 7: $3,070,000
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Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs Organization Parties Output 8: Institutional 2012 Activity Result 1: UNDP UNDP 2012 capacity building for Workshops: $55,000 decentralized Development plans conducted Enhance Locality Governments’ planning Equipment: $25,000 governance within for Girba and Fashaga and expenditure management ability Consultant: $30,000 Girba and Fashaga localities Develop Locality Development Locality Governments Capacity building plan Plans 2013 prepared for Girba and Ensure connection of Locality Workshops: $20,000 Fashaga locality Development Plans to State Indicators: administrations and HR Strategic Plans 2014 procedures improved and Support training and capacity Workshops: $20,000 # of streamlined building for Planning and Equipment: $15,000 locality plans Girba and Fashaga Locality Finance Units and provide formulated administration trained in the essential equipment Sub-Total: $165,000 # of Local Development Fund Development and sectors within Manual implementation of standard locality At least 4 National participatory Public Expenditure governments NGOs/CBOs identified for Management procedures with clearly support and capacity building defined plan prepared and initiated Activity Result 2: UNDP UNDP 2012 responsibilities for sector and all 2013 Capacities of Locality governments to Consultant: $35,000 employees Training on management, provide transparent public services Workshop: $10,000 Locality planning and M&E conducted increased: Administrations’ for all employees at Girba and 2013 ability to identify Fashaga localities Assess the structure, capabilities and implement Employees within key sectors and deficiencies of Girba and Sub-contractor: development given specialized training Fashaga Locality Administrations $100,000 priorities according to identified priority Develop comprehensive Equipment: $20,000 improved areas capacity development plan for # of basic All sectors within Fashaga and Fashaga and Girba Locality 2014 services Girba localities provided with Administrations sustainably Desktop computers and Develop structural Consultant: $20,000 provided printers organograms, ToRs for all Workshops: $30,000 through $200,000 provided for each of position and improve HR localities or Kassala and Gedarif States procedures within Girba and Sub-total: $215,000 CBOs increased Local Development Fund for Fashaga localities
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locality level development Build capacities on the sector Baselines: initiatives identified as level within Fashaga and Girba priorities in Locality locality governments to provide No Development Plans and public services through training Locality Plans distributed according to the on management, planning, M&E developed rules and procedures of the and specialized courses for each Organogr Local Development Funds sector am and ToRs 6 Community-level Provide equipment for Girba missing development projects and Fashaga Locality Limited identified as priorities in the Administrations ability to identify Locality Development Plans Develop and agree upon plan and implement implemented through the for hand-over of basic services development Locality Administrations to the localities and CBOs initiative Capacity Building of at least 4 Tbc by national NGOs/CBOs Activity Result 3: UNDP UNDP, 2012 assessment (see completed with at least 25 % Kassala State Workshops: $12,000 output 2, female beneficiaries Strengthen local development efforts Ministry of Printing: $1000 Activity Result 1) through supporting local development Finance, 2014 initiatives identified in the Locality Gedaref State 2013 Development Plans Ministry of Grants (Kassala and 6 Community-level Finance Gedarif LDFs): development projects Support Local Development $400,000 identified as priorities in the Fund as a mechanism to support Sub-contracts: Locality Development Plans investment in local public $150,000 implemented through the infrastructure and service Locality Administrations delivery using participatory 2014 Impact of capacity planning Sub-Contracts: development within Fashaga Provide workshops on $150,000 and Girba localities assessed implementation of the LDF Specialized skills of at least 4 based on the LDF manual to Sub-total: $713,000 locality administration sectors Planning Department staff improved based on needs Implement identified priority identified in impact projects through the locality assessment administrations Long-term sustainability plan Provide support in establishing for service delivery in target citizen committees on public areas developed in Fashaga service delivery issues and Girba localities Capacity Building of at least 4 Activity Result 4: UNDP UNDP 2012
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national NGOs/CBOs completed with at least 25 % Enhanced capacity of CSOs and NGOs to Consultant (training): female beneficiaries engage in governance and service $20,000 delivery Build capacities of CSOs, NGOs Workshops: $10,000 and community groups to engage with governments on 2013 service provision issues through Consultant (training): establishing community-based $60,000 development committees Identify long-term service 2014: providers among CSOs and Consultant (training): NGOs in areas the government $60,000 lack capacities and prepare capacity building plan to ensure Sub-total: $150,000 the sustainability of service delivery Activity Result 5: UNDP UNDP 2012 Staff: $70,000 Local Development technical/management support 2013 Staff: $70,000
2014 Staff: $70,000
Sub-total: $210,000 Sub-Total 2012: $258,000
Sub-Total 2013: $840,000 Sub-Total 2014: $385,000 Sub-Total Output 8: $1,443,000
Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Participating UN Responsible Inputs
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Organization Parties (for 2012-2014) Output 9: Management UNDP UNDP, Staff: and administration UNHCR $3,084,000
1 Programme manager, $720,000
1 Area coordinator $612,000
1 M&E and reporting officer, $612,000
1 Communicati ons Officer, $570,000
1 Finance officer $150,000
1 Admin/logist ics officer $150,000
1 Programme Associate $150,000
4 drivers $120,000
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Travel: $350,000
ICT/Comm.: $300,000
Vehicles: 300,000
Office Costs: $360,000
Learning: $80,000
Audit: $50,000
Evaluations/Reviews: $100,000
Sub-Total: $4,624,000
Total 2012 $11,864,990 Total 2013 $11,388,554 Total 2014 $8,595,238 Total Output 1- 8 UNDP $21,898,000 Total Output 1-8 UNHCR $9,950,768 Management and administration $4,624,000 GMS (7 %) $2,553,094 Fund Administration Fees (1%) $364,728 Grand Total $39,390,590
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V. Management and Coordination
Figure 1. Transitional Solutions Initiative Joint Programme Organogram
Programme Board
The programme will be managed jointly by UNHCR and UNDP. A Programme Board will be set up composed of UNDP/UNHCR as Executive, MIC, COR, Department of Planning in Kassala and Gedaref as Beneficiary and Donors’ Representative as Supplier. The main role of the executive board is to provide oversight and quality assurance and approve annual work plans and resource allocation.
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The Programme Board will play a critical role in programme evaluations by quality assuring the evaluation process and products, and using evaluations for performance improvement, accountability and learning. Programme reviews by this group are made at designated decision points during the running of the programme, or as necessary when raised by the Programme Manager The programme board will be based in Khartoum.
The Technical Steering Committee
Technical steering committee will be formed at the implementation level to ensure delivery of results as described in the annual work plan. It is also to ensure coordination and synergy between the two states. The Technical steering committee will include states representatives of (UNDP, UNHCR, CoR, Department of Planning-Ministry of Finance-Kassala State and Department of Planning-Ministry of Finance-Gedaref). The TSC will be based in Kassala and Gedaref interchangeably. The secretariat of the TSC will be the Program Manager.
The Programme Manager
The international Programme Manager will be responsible for the management of the programme, coordination between the two agencies for this purpose and will also be reporting on the joint implementation of the programme. The Programme Manager has the authority to run the programme on a day-to-day basis on behalf of UNDP and UNHCR within the constraints laid down by the Programme Board. The PM will be recruited by and will report to the Program Board.
Programme Technical and Operational Support One international Monitoring and Evaluation Officer will be recruited by the Programme Board and will be responsible for the monitoring and evaluation of the whole programme implementation. One international Communication and Reporting officer will be recruited by the Programme Board. Both will report to the PM.
An international Technical Coordinator will be recruited by the Program Board to oversee the programme implementation and be the lead technical officer. The Technical Coordinator will be the Team Leader of the technical support to the programme.
The technical support to the implementation of programme activities will be carried out by seven Sector Officers. These will be recruited as national officers or international UNVs by the Responsible UN Agency and report to the Technical Coordinator.
The support team will include one Finance Officer and one finance Associate for the Kassala Office and one Finance Associate for the Gedaref field office. It will also include one Admin and Logistics Officer for Kassala Office in addition to one Admin/Logistics Associate for the Gedaref field Offices; eleven drivers, twenty four security guards and eight workers to support the two offices 62
VI. Fund Management
Under this Transitional solution initiative UNHCR and UNDP working under the same framework aim at contributing to the achievement of a common UNDAF outcome, are jointly developing this pilot joint program document on self reliance in East Sudan.
The two UN organizations, through consultation with the government counterparts, have to agree to channel the funds through one UN organization and have appointed UNDP/MDTF Office to act as the Administrative Agent for the Joint Programme (hereinafter called the Administrative Agent (AA).
The Administrative Agent will:
Establish a separate ledger account under its financial regulations and rules for the receipt and administration of the funds received from the donor(s) pursuant the Administrative Arrangement. This Joint Programme Account will be administered by the Administrative Agent in accordance with the regulations, rules, directives and procedures applicable to it, including those relating to interest;
Make disbursements to Participating UN Organizations from the Joint Programme Account based on instructions from the Steering Committee, in line with the budget set forth in the Joint Programme Document.
However, the common work plan clearly indicates the components and activities to be supported by each of the participating UN organizations. The indirect costs to be charged by each organization are reflected in the respective budgets. The programmatic and financial accountability will rest with the participating UN organizations and (sub-) national partners that would be managing their respective components of the joint programme.
Each participating organization assumes full programmatic and financial responsibility and accountability for the funds disbursed by the AA.
Both Agents can decide on the execution process with its partners and counterparts following the organization’s own regulations and rules.
Each of the two UN Organizations establishes a separate ledger account for the receipt and administration of the funds disbursed to it by the Administrative Agent.
Participating UN organizations are requested to provide certified financial reporting according to the budget template.
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Each UN organization is entitled to deduct their indirect costs on contributions received according to their own regulation and rules, taking into account the size and complexity of the programme. Each UN organization will deduct 7% as overhead costs of the total allocation received for the agency.
The first year instalments will be released in accordance with Annual Work Plans approved by the program board.
For the following year’s, advance can be requested at any point after the combined disbursement against the received advance has exceeded 70 % and the work plan requirements have been met. If the overall expenditure of the programme reaches 70% before the end of the twelve-month period, the participating UN organization may request to release the next instalment ahead of schedule.
Figure 2. Funding structure
Donor A
Donor B Donor C
Donor E Joint Donor F Programme
UNHCR UNDP
Interested donor partners may choose to fund the Joint Programme through the AA, directly to one of the UN agencies, or both.
VII. Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
M&E
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Both UNDP and UNHCR will agree on a standard operating procedure for monitoring, evaluation and reporting. This will include following up on management actions, keeping track of progress benchmarks, visiting project sites to contact beneficiaries, interpreting progress and technical reports, and processing budget revisions. All stakeholders (UN agencies, development agencies, government, and beneficiaries) will be involved in developing monitoring tools, data gathering and utilizing findings and recommendations. This will improve the relevance of the findings, ensure ownership over the process and develop monitoring and evaluation related skills among the stakeholders. Baseline indicator values will be established at the beginning of the project and will be used to assess achievement of expected outcomes at the end of the project.
The project will be subject to an initial review after the first 6 months. It will also undergo annual and end of project evaluations to measure the overall progress/outputs, identify lessons learned and adjust project work-plan as may be deemed necessary.
The Monitoring and Evaluation framework, based on established set of indicators, will track the appropriate use of resources in achieving project objectives. It will allow the Project Manager to provide the Project Board with key information required for decision-making on the quality and relevance of the project. A bi-annual Monitoring and Evaluation approach will be used. It will be based on reporting against activities, outputs, result indicators and financial performance. An annual review and a final evaluation report will be done at the end of each fiscal year.
An annual review of the joint programme will be implemented collectively by the government, implementing partners and participating UN organizations. An end of project evaluation consisting of the Monitoring and Evaluation Officer and an external consultant will be conducted to capture lessons learned and develop recommendations. Field visits as well as comprehensive stakeholders’ interviews will be used to assess the results. During the entire period of Phase 1, copies of the evaluation reports will be distributed to the collaborating agencies, donors and local governments in the two States.
The Programme Monitoring Framework (Table 2) provides a summary of outcomes, outputs, activities, indicators, and means of verification to be performed by the project. This will allow permanent and systematic monitoring of the achieved progress in terms of facilitated processes and tangible results.
Reporting
Each Participating UN Organization will prepare the following reports on its contribution in accordance with its financial rules and regulations:
Annual narrative progress reports, to be provided no later than three months (31 March) after the end of the calendar year;
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Annual financial statements and reports as of 31 December with respect to the funds disbursed to it from the Joint Programme Account, to be provided no later than four months (30 April) after the end of the calendar year; Final narrative reports, after the completion of the activities in the Joint Programme Document and including the final year of the activities in the Joint Programme Document, to be provided no later than four months (30 April) of the year following the financial closing of the Joint Programme. The final report will give a summary of results and achievements compared to the goals and objectives of the Joint Programme; Certified final financial statements and final financial reports after the completion of the activities in the Joint Programme Document and including the final year of the activities in the Joint Programme Document, to be provided no later than six months (30 June) of the year following the financial closing of the Joint Programme.
The Programme Manager will prepare the Consolidated Narrative Report based on the narrative progress reports received from the Participating UN organizations.
The Administrative Agent will:
Prepare consolidated narrative and financial progress reports, based on the narrative consolidated report prepared by the Program Manager and the financial statements/ reports submitted by each of the Participating UN Organizations;
Provide those consolidated reports to each donor that has contributed to the Joint Programme Account, as well as the Steering Committee, in accordance with the timetable established in the Administrative Arrangement.
Provide the donors, Steering Committee and Participating UN Organizations with:
o Certified annual financial statement (“Source and Use of Funds” as defined by UNDG guidelines) to be provided no later than five months (31 May) after the end of the calendar year;
o Certified final financial statement (“Source and Use of Funds”) to be provided no later than seven months (31 July) of the year following the financial closing of the Joint Programme.
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Table 2: Joint Programme Monitoring Framework (JPMF)
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Legal Context of Basis of Relationship
Table 3: Basis of Relationship (illustrative examples)
Participating UN Agreement Organization
UNDP This Joint Programme Document shall be the instrument referred to as the Project Document in Article I of the Standard Basic Assistance Agreement between the Government of SUDAN and the United Nations Development Programme, signed by the parties on 1978.
UNHCR UNHCR Office was established in accordance with the Agreement between the Government of Sudan and UNHCR. The Office has been established in 1968.
The Administrative Agent and the Participating UN Organizations will sign the UNDG- approved Standard Memorandum of Understanding for Joint Programmes.
The donors contributing to the Joint Programme will sign with the Administrative Agent the UNDG-approved Standard Administrative Arrangement for Joint Programmes
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Work Plans and Budgets
Work Plan for: (JOINT UNDP / UNHCR TRANSITIONAL SOLUTIONS INITIATIVE FOR REFUGEES AND THEIR HOST COMMUNITIES, EASTERN SUDAN)
Period (January 2012 to December 2012) 2___
2 Annual Work plans cover not more than a 12-month period. However, usually at the start-up of the programme, these may cover less than one year. In both cases, the corresponding period should be specified.
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Total Planned Budget
Total UN organization 1:
Total UN organization 2:
Including*
* The Total Planned Budget by UN Organization should include both programme cost and indirect support cost
Signatures3:
3 When CSOs/NGOs are designated Implementing Partners, they do not sign this Work Plan. Each participating UN Organization will follow its own procedures in signing Work Plans with CSOs/NGOs.
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UN organization(s) Implementing Partner(s)
Replace with: Replace with:
Name of Representative Name of Head of Partner
Signature Signature
Name of Organization Name of Institution
Date Date
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Annex A
MAPS of the Programme Area
Map 1 Surveyed Areas
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Map 2 -Kilo 26 Area
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Map 3- Girba Area
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Map 4 Um Gaargour Area
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Annex B
Assessment Findings
Economic Analysis
Eastern Sudan suffers from marginalisation, underdevelopment and economic inequities. The region is also plagued with issues of lack of basic services, employment opportunities and some of the worst MDG indicators in the whole of Sudan. The health crisis and lack of access to economic opportunities, especially among women and youth, are endemic. Disasters, caused by frequent droughts and severe environmental degradation have been responsible for the increasing impoverishment of people, depletion of assets and depopulation of the rural areas. The overwhelming majority of hired agricultural labourers are highly disadvantaged and suffer lack of access to basic services. Additionally, the consequence of the protracted refugee situation has generated many outstanding issues particularly in the host communities where services are worse compared to those in the refugee camps.
The four main economic activities and sources of income at household level are crop production, animal production, small business and casual labour. The major casual labour opportunities (farm labour) are limited to the agricultural planting cycle. Income is mainly spent on purchase of dura4 milk, meat, sugar, oil, tea, coffee and firewood. Other family expenses recorded for the majority of households include medicines and clothes. Overall, there exists at least a weekly market in all the locations in which household items, food and animals are sold. Marketing committees do not exist in the region, making it hard for individual farmers to sell produce. Opportunities to sell surplus produce are limited to the local markets due to the irregular means of transportation to towns. The main means of transport from the refugee camps or village to towns is by public means. Donkey carts are used for transportation in either setting. All roads in the villages or camps are gravel or dirt roads. During the rainy season, most of these roads become impassable, thereby increasing travel time as tarmac road exists only on the major high ways.
4 dura (sorghum)- a kind of grain used as a staple food
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A high unemployment rate is notable in the camps and surrounding villages with women most particularly affected. This is attributed to the cultural and religious inclinations in the society that limit women to only under take non-conventional income generating activities.
a) Livelihoods
Land ownership: According to the Asylum Act, refugees have the right to reside and construct a house but they do not have the right to own land. Consequently, the refugees do not own land or the plots they live on or farm. The majority of the locals in the host communities and the adjacent villages own land, while a few rent land.
Agriculture: Over 95% of the livelihoods of both the refugees and host communities are largely dependent on agriculture (small scale farming) and animal production (UNDP/UNHCR March 2011 assessment data). Refugees are however limited by access to land for farming. The majority rent land for farming or practice share cropping with the locals who have legal ownership of the land. Rain-fed farming is the main activity for the populations targeted. Kilo 26 is the only camp where irrigated farming is practiced in the 3 states. The main crop produced by the farmers is sorghum; the production of other agricultural staple crops such as millet and sesame is negligible. The average land cropped ranges from 2.5 – 10 feddan5, with an average production of 2 – 3 sacks of sorghum or sesame per feddan, which is an insufficient amount for subsistence until the next cropping season.
Agricultural production is hindered by a number of factors: shortage of tools, inadequate supply of improved seeds, unreliable rainfall, loss of soil fertility, soil erosion, pests and diseases, limited availability of tractors for ploughing, high cost of land rent and lack of training in improved crop production disciplines (e.g.) use of water harvesting techniques. Furthermore, the limited resources have restricted the production of sufficient food. The current mix of structural factors and external climatic changes will continue to destabilize livelihoods of the refugees and host communities if an integrated approach to food security is not adopted.
5 Feddan – a unit of area used to measure land equivalent to 1.038acres or o.42 hectares.
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Livestock: Livestock is traditionally a main livelihood rated after agriculture in both communities with cattle, sheep and goats being the main assets. Majority of the population practice nomadic grazing. Livestock owners are faced with constraints such as overgrazing, scarce/diminishing water resources, unfavourable climate conditions, animal diseases, lack of adequate veterinary services, tension over land and grazing rights between nomads and farmers along pastoral corridors, the increase in the number of livestock grazing on diminishing pastures and the diminishing access to grazing land in addition to limited pasture or fodder. For livestock production to be successful there is a need to demarcate livestock corridors, increase fodder production, and improve the provision of veterinary services.
Vocational Skills: Vocational training is only carried out in Girba camp and is provided by the Sudanese Red Crescent under support from UNHCR. The need for training in skills such as carpentry, black smith, mechanics – car and phone repair, tailoring, food processing, fruit and vegetable packing and functional adult literacy was requested in all the surveyed areas.
Natural Resources and the Environment: The ever increasing demand for wood for construction and fuel wood by the communities for household consumption has gradually lead to the high deforestation rates in the camps and surrounding villages. The host communities, on the one hand, maintain that before the arrival of the refugees within the camps, there was more forest coverage as compared to today where only a few feddans of forest still exist in some of the target areas.
Firewood, charcoal, Liquid Petroleum Gas and crop residues are the main sources of fuel used for cooking. However, only few households own or use gas for cooking in both the refugee camps and host communities. Traditional stoves are the main type of stoves used for cooking. A household spends on average 3 SDG per day for fuel in Girba and Kilo 26 camps. Many of the adjacent villages are not connected to the electricity grid, which is mainly for lighting in homes. The majority of the people use generators or lease power lines from the camp markets while others use kerosene lamps.
The National Forest Cooperation, FNC, has and still provides environmental support projects in both refugee and host communities. Examples of such projects include reforestation, creation of woodlots for provision of fuel wood, distribution of tree seedlings, home gardens, fuel efficiency improvements and alternative fuels such as energy-saving stoves. The practice of agro-forestry has been initiated, especially for the most vulnerable women households. Under the agro-
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forestry component, the targeted populations grow vegetables such as okra, tomatoes, cucumber among the trees or woodlots. Raising awareness by Environmental working groups is a common practice in both the refugee camps and host communities.
b) Basic Services
Education: The schools in the refugee camps and adjacent villages are basic schools, while there are no secondary schools. On average, there are at least three schools (boys, girls or co- education) schools in the refugee camps with the host communities or villages having at least only one basic school. There are no kindergartens in both settings. An average of 17.3 % of the population in the camps is of school-going age compared to the surrounding villages, where only 14.2% of the population are of school-going age6.
There is a high dropout rate of girls as they progress to secondary schools. The main reason for the drop-out rates is the lack of financial means to send the girls to secondary schools, since most of the secondary schools are mainly for the Sudanese population. Secondly, the distance or time required to reach these secondary schools (which are often far away from the camps) is a hindrance thereby contributing to very high rates of early marriages among girls.
During the 2009 JAM and 2010 AGDM exercises, refugees emphasized their concern regarding the quality of education provided and the limited access to post primary education; high teacher pupil ratio of 1:65, limited number of classrooms leading to overcrowding in primary school classes (over 70 students per class), inadequate school supply, old school premises in dire need of renovation and/or total construction. The same challenges were also found prevalent in the host communities during the March 2011 UNDP/UNHCR Transitional Solutions Initiative Survey.
Health: All the refugee camps have access to a basic health care centre. Unlike other camps, there is a hospital in Girba camp due to the fact that it is located in a town. Host communities
6 Field Assessment Report; UNDP/UNHCR; 2011
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often have to travel to the refugee camp health centres for medical attention. The host communities often rely on mobile health services that provide vaccination services.
All health centres in the refugee camps are equipped with medical personal and facilities. On average there is 1 medical doctor, 3 nurses, 1 certified midwife, 1 pharmacist, 2 laboratory technicians, 2 medical assistants, 12 health visitors and 1 laboratory per camp. Meanwhile, there is inadequate supply of medicines in the health centres in the refugee camps partly attributed to the high number of people seeking medical services. Furthermore, the distance to the main hospitals either to Girba or Gedaref is very far. The most common diseases in both the refugee camps and adjacent villages are malaria, urinary tract infections, common cold, tuberculosis and bilharzia. Whereas certified midwives are available in the refugee camps, women in the adjacent villages specified the need for certified midwives. The pregnant women from the host communities sometimes have to travel long distances to the health centres for medical attention. This poses a lot of difficulty especially during the rains when the roads are impassable leading to many complications and at times death.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: Water supply in the camps is managed by El Sugya Cooperation (ESCO). The refugee camps have a WASH committee which deals with and discusses water issues. Water supplied in the camps is treated by use of sand filters and is disinfected by chlorine. There many water distribution points with 2-6 taps per distribution point to supply water within 200-400 metre distances from the dwellings. Water is supplied for a minimum of 3 hours per day to the refugees and the surrounding host communities. Refugees are not charged for the water in the camps. One of the main challenges of water supply in the refugee camps is the frequent breakdown of the water pumps or temporary reductions in water supply, leading to the refugees in some of the camps resulting to unhygienic water sources.
Water management in the surrounding villages falls under the Government ( State Water Corporation) responsibility. Most of the households in the host communities depend on unprotected water from canals, water yards and wells for drinking and cooking. The water is often not treated after collection. Camps such as Um Gargour get their water from boreholes although these are limited due to inadequate supply and the high mineral content in the water. Refugees living in Um Gargour, therefore, prefer to fetch water from the hafirs7 within the
7 Hafir – local name for a water reservoir that is often excavated in a rectangular form designed to store water runoff after a rainy season. 79
camps for drinking. The refugee hosting community fetch their water from the refugee camps. Similarly, most of their animals are taken to the water points in the refugee camps for water.
Donkey carts are often used to draw water due to the far distances to the water collection points. A fee ranging from 1 – 6 SDG per barrel is charged depending on the distance covered from the water point to the recipient’s house. The average household consumption of water per day is 2 barrels. Water consumption per person does not exceed 20 litres per day - The UNHCR recommended water consumption per person per day.
Rubbish Disposal: ESCO is in charge of garbage collection in the refugee camps. Donkey carts or tractors are used in the collection of garbage from the collection points. Sanitation workers and refuges are also involved in garbage collection and disposal. Despite having a mechanism for garbage collection in place in the refugee camps, hygiene with in the camps still remains a key challenge. Garbage in the adjacent villages is solely disposed of through burning.
Latrine Usage: There is notably a low coverage of latrines in both the refugee camps and the host communities. The average coverage of latrines is about 23% in the refugee camps and 3.5% in all the adjacent villages (Data from UNDP/UNHCR March 2011 Assessment). This very low coverage of latrines in the adjacent villages is attributed to the culture and in some places the poor nature of the soil that does not support latrine construction e.g. villages around Girba camp. In the last couple of years, many of these camps and the host communities have experienced increasing outbreaks of diarrhoeal diseases during the rainy season.
Shelter: In general, wood, Khamia (sack cloth) and straw are the main materials used in the construction of guttia/ tukuls/shelters. The average house size ranges from 300m2 – 600m2 ranging from 2-5 rooms with each person occupying 15m2 of space. The total cost of construction of a tukul ranges from 1,000 – 3,500 SDG and is determined by the size of the house and the availability of building materials in the market. c) Disaster and Risk Reduction
The major risks reported in the region are fire, drought, storms and floods. The refugee and host communities are also vulnerable to conflicts such as encroachment on grazing areas by animal owners and nomadic groups which is a potential cause of conflict if not properly addressed.
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Annex C
MDGs profile for Eastern Sudan
Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger: 58% of the population in the Red Sea and 50% of the population in the Gadarif state lives below the national poverty line. 44% of the population is food deprived in the Red Sea. These are among the highest figures among the Northern states.
Achieve Universal Primary Education: 36.1% Gross Enrolment Rate for Red Sea makes it the lowest among Northern states. The level of investment in Eastern Sudan in education is not matching the increases in the growth of population at school age.
Promote Gender Equality and Empowerment: 25% women representation in the parliament brought the Eastern states at par with the national averages. But only14.3% of women contribute to employment in three . Eastern Sudan states combined- a meagre rate compared to men’s contribution.
Reduce Child Mortality: 56 in1000 and 55 in1000 children die every year in Red Sea and Kassala States. These are over 4 times higher than the average for the Northern states. The trends are similar for infant mortality rates.
Improve maternal health: 1,414 in 100,000 women die when giving birth in Kassala state. This figure puts Kassala on top of the list for all the Northern states. Institutional deliveries account for 13.4% of all births in Gadarif, a figure far below than the 34.3% average for Northern states.
Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases: 0-1.6% malaria prevalence rate puts Eastern Sudan states low to moderate prevalence category, making it better off compared to other regions in the country. The region also fares well in terms of tuberculosis treatment.
Ensure environmental Sustainability: 61% of the populations in Kassala do not have access to improved drinking water and sanitation. This is almost double the Northern Sudan average. All three states of Eastern Sudan suffer in varying degrees from deforestation, soil erosion and degradation and desertification
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Annex E
Inventory of current UNHCR Self reliance-oriented activities implemented in Refugee camps in East Sudan
January – December 2011
A. Capacities : Catalogue of activities
Activities Specific Activities
Crop o Formation of Agricultural sub-committees in each of the 12 camps. Production o Training of sub committee carried out in leadership and book keeping skills.
o Households provided with loans for crop production in rain fed and irrigated schemes.
o Land renting and hiring. In Fau 5, each household acquired 5 feddans of land. In other camps an average of 2.5 feddans is provided.
o Training of farmers in crop production disciplines i.e. land preparation, planting and crop production disciplines etc in liaison with the by Ministry of agriculture officials.
o Inputs:
- Distribution of improved seed and tools in collaboration with FAO. Seeds include sorghum, sesame, vegetables, and groundnuts.
- With support from FAO vegetable seed and hand tools provided for women for home gardens.
Livestock o Livestock sub committee’s formation in the 12 camps. Production o Targeted households supported with livestock assistance in the 12 camps.
o Selection and training of para- vets and community health workers
o Training of beneficiaries carried out in collaboration with the veterinary department of the ministry of Animal resource and fisheries. Curriculum also developed in 82
collaboration with the veterinary department
o Development of policies and procedures. Meetings facilitated with livestock committees to agree on policies of screening, purchase of animals and repayment schedules.
o Piloting of few selected HH with livestock insurance services.
Micro-finance o Small business skills sub committees in place in the 12 camps
o Beneficiary selection criteria for small business, medium business and special needs completed by all stakeholders
o Trainings conducted in revolving fund management and control.
o Trainings conducted in financial control, book and record keeping
o IP coordination amongst each other. SRC and ACORD. ACORD to support SRC graduates with loans after graduation.
Rotating o Selection of ROSCA sub committee in 12 camps with shared roles and responsibilities Saving and o Credit Trainings conducted in all camps on management of revolving funds. Associations (ROSCA), women association
Vocational o Training in computer science conducted in Seven camps (Wad Sharifey, Girba, Abuda, skills training Umgargur , Fau 5, Shagarabs and Kilo 26)
(Training and o Refugees in construction identified and trained. capacity o Women refugees in advanced tailoring identified and trained. building) o Refugees identified and trained in Auto electricity
o Identified and trained in car and truck driving
o Women refugees participated in Advanced Food Processing
o Women refugees trained in Poultry raising
o Women refugees trained in Pottery
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o Refugees participated in the Functional Literacy classes
Seedling o Agreement signed between FNC and Suki Corporation to provide land and water for production irrigation. Refugee and host communities share the benefits with Suki Corporation.
o Seedling production by the communities.
o Community nurseries for seedling production rehabilitated at camp level.
Reforestation o Targeted for reforestation activities Migreh, Um Gira, Saraf Saeed/Azaza, Rawashda, Gedaref Shelter belts, Abu Alaga, New Halfa. Planted tree species include Acacia seyel,
A. nilotica, A. Senegal, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. microtheca.
o Identification, demarcation and establishment of hectares of land for agro forestry benefiting the refugees and host communities. Agroforestry o FNC purchased certified cereal and tree seeds
Collaborative Hectares under collaborative forest management in Shagarabs, Abuda, Umgira, Saraf Forest Saeed/azaza and Umgargour camps. management
Energy Saving o Introduced new forms of energy alternatives; the save 80 stoves as well as the solar lantern lamps
o Training on the use of save 80 stoves and lanterns initiated in Shagarabs camps.
o LP gas units distributed to targeted households.
WASH Water,2011
o Additional new borehole construction in Umgargur camp.
o Existing pipe-network is commissioned in Abuda camp for the equitable distribution of water to all the persons of concern.
o Additional elevated tank construction in Umgargur, Shagarab-I, Shagarab-II and Abuda camps to supply water equitably from all the tap distribution points with enough
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pressure in each tap. o New pipe-networks are constructed to distribute water equitably in Umgargur camps, Kilo-26 camps and pipe-networks are extended in Shagarab-II, Shagarab-III, o Construction of water distribution points in all the twelve camps. o Connection of electricity to the water stations in Girba and Kilo-26 camps. o Barbed fencing works in Abuda and Umgargur camps. o Supply of potable water increased or maintained in all camps. Ensure the availability of potable water is maintained or increased to the minimum requirement of 20 liters/person/day equitably within a distance of 200m from the farthest household to meet the domestic needs of the refugees. Repair and maintenance of the pipe- networks, tap distribution points, water engines/pumps and cleaning of the gravel/sand filters in the camps. o Trainings are provided to the Water/Sanitation Supervisors, and Volunteers to collect data related to WASH baseline monitoring in Umgargur and Shagarab camps. o Organize Water Users’ Sanitation/Hygiene Committees (WUSC) in all the camps to get better output of the WASH services with the limited available resources.
Sanitation, 2011 o Construction of Communal latrines in Shagarab Reception Centre and Shagarabs new refugee settlement areas. o Construction of 12 communal latrines in the schools (4 in Kilo-26; 2 in Fau-5; 4 in Girba; 1 each in Wadsherife and Abuda). o 492 units of household pit latrines (252 in Shagarabs; 40 in Wadsherife; 30 in Abuda; 30 in Fau-5; 40 in Umgargur; 30 in Suki; 40 in Girba and 30 in Kilo-26) o 1 unit of communal shower is constructed in Shadarab Reception Center. o Tractors (Shagarabs, Girba, Kilo-26 and Wadsherife), donkey carts (in all camps) and casual labours (in all camps) are mobilized with community participation to collect solid wastes at household level and manage it o Vector control services in the refugee camps and the surrounding host communities are provided in coordination with the Locality Health Office.
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o 14 communal bins (made from empty coal-tar cylindrical barrels) are distributed in Fau- 5 camp as pilot.
o Trainings related to sanitation and hygiene are provided to the Community Animators/Volunteers in all the camps.
o Sanitation, hygiene and environmental health campaigns are conducted in all the camps.
B. Assets
a) Natural assets:
Forest establishment:-1239 hectares of forests in Migreh (315Ha), Um Gira (210Ha), Saraf Saeed/Azaza (210), Rawashda (210Ha), Gedaref Shelter belts (210Ha), Abu Alaga (42Ha), New Halfa (42Ha).
Water:- Camps of Fau 5, Suki and Girba have canals that provide water for irrigation for all year round farming Land: - Access to land is limited with the exception of Abuda and Um Gargour camps that are land based camps.
b) Human assets:
Education: - basic primary education in 11 camps and functional adult literacy classes.
Skills and knowledge: - Vocational training in different fields i.e. advanced tailoring, auto electricity, car and truck driving, poultry raising, pottery and food processing.
c) Physical assets:
Tractors:-5 tractors with accessories (disc ploughs) provided to camps of Abuda, Um Gargour, Suki, Fau 5 and Walis Office, Gedaref state.
Equipment: -Graduates from the Vocational Training Centres, VTC’s, provided with start up kits.
- Farmers provided with tools.
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d) Financial assets: Refugees are provided with micro-credits for the various livelihood activities. e) Social assets: - A livelihoods committee is existent in all the camps. Various sub-committees for the specific livelihoods activities have also been formed in the camps. These report the progress under their areas to the livelihoods committee.
C. Implementing Arrangements
Tripartite agreement with IPs (SRC, ACORD, SOLO, FNC, IUCN, El Sugya) and COR to implement the various livelihoods initiatives and projects.
Each IP tasked to implement specific programmed activities based on their mandate and expertise. Detailed operations of each IP are contained in the Sub agreements with each IP.
UNHCR staff - mandated to keep track with the implementation and to assist the IPs technically whenever is necessary. Also to initiate and conceptualize new projects to diversify the existing programs
Implementing Partners (IPs):
ACORD:
- Micro-credit provision for small business, ROSCA, livestock production, agriculture production (irrigated and rain fed).
- Technical Assistance, Bookkeeping Training, Fund Management, Para-vet and
- Agriculture Extension Training
SRC:
- Vocational skills training: Metal Work, Auto-Electricity, Primary and Advance tailoring, Food Processing, Computer Class, Construction, Car Driving and
- Provision of Start-up Kits after graduation.
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SOLO:
- Functional Literacy Class: a. REFLECT (Basic Reading, Writing and Mathematics).Advanced Course. Collective income generating activities (Kitchen Ustensils, Grind Mills and Generators).
FNC:
- Environmental Activities (Re-forestation, Agro-Forestry, Nursery Establishment, Collaborative Forestry Management, Provisions of Alternative Energy Sources, Awareness Raising and Capacity Building)
El Sugya:
- Management of water supply and sanitation services in 12 Refugee camps and host communities in Central and Eastern State of Sudan.
Institutional Linkages:
Linkages with relevant State Line Ministries of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Irrigation, Animal Resources and Fisheries have been established for the provision of technical support. Notable too, is the partnership with UN agencies like FAO, UNDP and WFP.
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