Slides When Pathsim Fails?

Toward Representation Independent Similarity Search Over Graphs

Yodsawalai Chodpathumwan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Arash Termehchy, Oregon State University

Yizhou Sun, Northeastern University

Amirhossein Aleyasin, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jose Picado, Oregon State University 1 Similarity Search over Graph Databases

Which movies are similar to “Casino Royale” in IMDb?

Daniel Craig actor Lord Asriel character

James Bond Casino Royale Golden Compass character movie movie

Query Martin Campbell director Casino Royale

Answers Mask of Zorro Green Lantern Golden Compass movie movie Green Lantern Mask of Zorro 2 Same information is represented in many ways Daniel Craig actor Lord Asriel character James Bond character Casino Royale movie Golden Compass movie Lord Asriel Martin Campbell character director Daniel Craig actor starring Mask of Zorro Green Lantern movie movie starring James Bond Golden Compass character Casino Royale movie movie

directed-by

Martin Campbell director Mask of Zorro directed directed Green Lantern movie by by movie 3 Same information is represented in many ways

EDBT KDD conference conference

2009 RankClus Truth Discovery 2007 year paper paper year

J. Han P. S. Yu Y. Sun, PVLDB’11 author author

P. Zhao, CIKM’09 EDBT KDD conference conference

2009 J. Han P. S. Yu 2007 year author author year

RankClus Truth Discovery paper paper 4 Which movies are similar to “Casino Royale” ?

Daniel Craig actor Lord Asriel character

James Bond Casino Royale character movie Golden Compass movie

Martin Campbell director

Mask of Zorro Green Lantern SimRank [Jeh, KDD’02] movie movie Golden Compass Mask of Zorro, Green Lantern 5 Which movies are similar to “Casino Royale” ? Daniel Craig actor Lord Asriel character starring starring James Bond character Casino Royale movie Golden Compass movie directed-by

Martin Campbell director

directed-by directed-by SimRank Mask of Zorro Green Lantern Mask of Zorro, movie movie Green Lantern Golden Compass 6 Generality of Similarity Search over Graphs

• 7 Invertible Transformation

•

Daniel Craig Daniel Craig actor actor

James Bond James Bond starring character character –1 Casino Royale T Casino Royale movie film 8 Information Preserving Transformation

•

Daniel Craig Daniel Craig actor actor

James Bond James Bond starring character character –1 Casino Royale T Casino Royale movie film 9 Information Equivalent Graphs

Databases D1 and D2 are information equivalent iff there exists an information preserving transformation from D1 to D2 and vice versa. Daniel Craig Daniel Craig actor actor

James Bond James Bond starring character character

Casino Royale Casino Royale movie film 10 SimRank is not general Daniel Craig actor Lord Asriel character James Bond character Casino Royale movie Golden Compass movie Martin Campbell Lord Asriel director character Daniel Craig actor Mask of Zorro Green Lantern starring movie movie starring SimRank James Bond Golden Compass character Casino Royale movie Golden Compass movie Mask of Zorro, directed-by Green Lantern SimRank Martin Campbell Mask of Zorro, director Green Lantern Mask of Zorro directed directed Green Lantern movie by by movie Golden Compass 11

Evaluation on Generality of Similarity Search Algorithms

Ranked DB answers (Movies,Bib)

Algorithms Q SimRank, 30 T RWR, Kendall’s Tau queries/DB PathSim

Ranked T(DB) answers (Movies,Bib) 12 Average Ranking Differences

• Top 10 answers Algorithms Movie DBs Bib DBs RWR [Tong, KDD’06] 0.375 0.773 SimRank [Jeh, KDD’02] 0.418 0.626 PathSim [Sun, VLDB’11] 0.375 0.953

• Top 50 answers

Algorithms Movie DBs Bib DBs RWR [Tong, KDD’06] 0.204 0.718 SimRank [Jeh, KDD’02] 0.264 0.673 PathSim [Sun, VLDB’11] 0.110 0.688 13 Conclusion

• Introduced the problem of representation independent similarity search over graph data. • Proposed a formal framework to measure generality • Performed empirical study and showed that some of the well-known similarity search algorithms are not general.