Check List the Journal of Biodiversity Data

11 1 10TH ANNIVERSARY ISSUE 1553 January 2015 Check List the journal of biodiversity data

Vascular plants from Kunashiri Island, the southernmost island of the Kuril Islands, island arc between Hokkaido and Kamchatka peninsula

Tomoko Fukuda1*, Hiroki Yamagishi2, Andrei Loguntsev3, Vyacheslav Yu. Barkalov4 and Yukio Ishikawa2

1 Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan 2 The Shirakami Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan 3 State Natural Reserve “Kurilsky”, Zarechnaya st., 5, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, 694500, Russia 4 Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospekt 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Vascular plants of the Kunashiri Island, the and as species concepts employed by Russian taxonomists southernmost island of the Kuril Islands, were inventoried sometimes differ from that of Japanese taxonomists, such during an expedition to Kunashiri, 19–25 July 2013. This comparisons are helpful to remedy this situation. To do this, study was conducted as a part of the Sika Deer (Cervus nippon thorough comparisons in both areas of the floral composition yezoensis) management program in Shiretoko World Natural in each major vegetation types are needed. Heritage Site, to assess vegetation damage under strong This assembled check list is the result of a vegetation study browsing pressure by the deer. A checklist of the vascular undertaken as a part of the Sika Deer management program plants was made from each study locality. As Kunashiri Island in Shiretoko World Natural Heritage Site. Sika Deer are native is very close to Shiretoko Heritage Site, with similar climatic to most areas of Japan, from Hokkaido to Yakushima Island and geographical conditions, this plant list will provide a of Kyushu, with their numbers having notably increased from preliminary comparison of the floral composition between 1970 onwards in Shiretoko. On the other hand, Sika Deer are Kunashiri and Shiretoko or Hokkaido. Our research revealed absent from Kunashiri, or at least have not been recorded that vegetation is well preserved on Kunashiri, and this floral here until now (Hokkaido Regional Forest Office, Kushiro list will serve as a reference of the original floral composition Branch 2012). The specific objective of the study was to assess of Shiretoko World Natural Heritage Site prior to damage by the recovery of damaged vegetation under strong browsing deer. pressure by the deer. As a result, a vegetation classification of each locality accompanies our check list. Descriptions of the Keywords: Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis), flora, floristic composition of vegetation was reported, for example, Kunashiri, Kuril Islands by Tatewaki and Hirano (1936) for Picea glehnii forest of Furukamappu (Yuzhno-Kurilsk), and such descriptions are useful for comparison to the floral composition on Kunashiri INTRODUCTION and Hokkaido. Our check list will also provide a reference on Kunashiri is the southernmost island of the Kuril Islands the original flora and vegetation of Shiretoko World Natural and holds a close floristic relationship with neighboring Heritage Site before damage by the deer. mainland Hokkaido. The island is considered to have been connected with Hokkaido and Shikotan until after the last MATERIALS AND METHODS glacial period (Melekestsev et al. 1974). The geological envi- The studied localities are indicated in Figures 1 and 2 and ronment of Kunashiri resembles that of Shiretoko Peninsula Table 1. All the sites are located in the south part of the island. of eastern Hokkaido in its mountainous topology with volca- Their ecological characteristics are as follows: nic activities. The flora of Kunashiri Island has been reported 1) Andreevka is located at the Pacific coast, and the plant several times (e.g., Miyabe 1890; Matsumura 1943; Tatewaki co mmunities of this locality, including coastal grassland, 1957; Alekseeva 1977, 1983; Voroshilov 1982; Barkalov 1980, meadow and coniferous forest, are mostly secondary 2009; see Takahashi 1997 for details); these reports were inte- succession; grated in a recent publication by Barkalov (2009). However, in 2) Mount Tomari is characterized by a wider variety of these studies, the flora and vegetation of the island are often plant communities than other localities, ranging from treated as a part of the Kuril Islands or the Sakhalin region coastal grassland along the Okhotsk Sea to mountain of mainland Asia (Russia). In order to better understand the hardwood and/or coniferous forests around the pass flora and vegetation of the Kunashiri, comparisons of floristic of the Mount Tomari caldera, with volcanic solfataras composition with Shiretoko or Hokkaido are also necessary, vegetation (vegetation affected by sulfurous gases of

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Figure 1. Map of Kunashiri Island with studied localities. The labelled sites correspond to Tables 1 and 2 and Figure 2.

Table 1. Localities, studied during expedition.

No. Locality Date Latitude Longitude alt. (m) 1 Andreevka S. part of Kunashiri Island, Pacific Ocean coast, on sea terrace between rivers Andreevka and Belkina. 1a Coniferous (Abies–Picea) forest at higher part of sea terrace. 2013/7/19–20 43°53’28”N 145°37’12”E 20 1b Meadow on the lower part of sea terrace. 2013/7/19 43°53’24”N 145°37’26”E 15 1c On the Pacific Ocean coast of Andreevka. 2013/7/19 43°53’15”N 145°37’33’’E ~10 1d Along the river of river Andreevka, near the mouth. 2013/7/19 43°53’16”N 145°37’27”E ~10 2 Caldera of Mount Tomari (volcano Golovnina) S. part of Kunashiri Island, from south foot of Caldera to Okhotsk Sea coast. 2a Bog at the S. lake side of Lake Ponto (L. Kipyascheye) in Caldera of Mount Tomari. 2013/7/20 43°51’47”N 145°29’60”E 140 2b Coniferous (Abies–Picea) forest around “Reserve house” of Ozernoye. 2013/7/21 43°52’24”N 145°28’58”E 130 2c Meadows around “Reserve house” and at lakeside of L. Ichibishinai (L. Goryacheye). 2013/7/21 43°52’23”N 145°28’56”E 140 2d Okhotsk Sea coast at the mouth of the river Ichibishinai (r. Ozernaya). 2013/7/21 43°53’7”N 145°27’43”E ~10 2e At mountain pass of the S. edge of Caldera of Mount Tomari. 2013/7/22 43°50’53”N 145°31’37”E 320 2f Around the center of volcanic activity in Caldera of Mount Tomari. 2013/7/20 43°51’39”N 145°30’17”E 150 3 Stolbovskyy Ecological Trail S. part of Kunashiri Island, a trail from main road leading to the S. coast (Shimato-kaigan) of the cape Zaimoku-iwa (cape Stolbchatyy) of Okhotsk Sea coast. Coniferous (Abies–Picea) forest near the enterance of the trail, mixed forest (with Acer 3a 2013/7/24 44°00’24”N 145°41’8”E 50 pictum, Quercus crispula, Ulmus davidiana, U. laciniata) near Okhotsk Sea coast. 3b Hot spring at riverside, near Okhotsk Sea coast. 2013/7/24 44°00’25”N 145°41’2”E 35 3c Wet meadow near Okhotsk Sea coast. 2013/7/24 44°00’35”N 145°40’43”E ~10 Coastal meadow at Shimato-kaigan, S of the cape Zaimoku-iwa (cape Stolbchatyy), 3d 2013/7/24 44°00’42”N 145°40’36”E ~10 Okhotsk Sea side. 4 S part of Furukamappu Bog, W of Yuzhno-Kurilsk S (coastal) part of Furukamappu bog, W of Yuzhno-Kurilsk, occurring among Picea glehnii forest. 4a Bog with a little pond. 2013/7/25 44°02’14”N 145°49’12”E ~10 4b Picea glehnii forest. 2013/7/25 44°02’15”N 145°49’20”E ~10

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volcanic area) also developed in and around the caldera; 4) Furukamappu Bog is located in northwest part of 3) The common plant communities of Stolbovskyy Ecological Yuzhno-Kurilsk and consists of well preserved bogs Trail are mountain hardwood and/or coniferous forests. In dominated by Sphagnum spp. Picea glehnii forest, one of addition to these, coastal grassland is distributed along the the most common forests on perhumid (ever-wet) sites Okhotsk Sea and solfataras are also observed in the middle in south Kuril and Hokkaido, is also developed in the part of the trail; bog.

1a 1b 1c

1d 2a 2b

2d 2e 3a-1

3a-2 3b 3c

3d 4a 4b

Figure 2. Pictures, showing the habitat of every locality. The number and alphabet correspondent to those in Figue 1. 1a: Andreevka, forest. 1b: Andreevka, meadow. 1c: Andreevka, coast. 1d: Andreevka, river mouth. 2a: Mount Tomari, lakeside bog. 2b: Mount Tomari, forest. 2d: Mount Tomari region, coast near the mouth of Ozernaya River. 2e: Mount Tomari, at mountain pass. 3a-1: Stolbovskyy, coniferous forest. 3a-2: Stolbovskyy, mixed hardwood forest. 3b: Stolbovskyy, hot spring. 3c: Stolbovskyy, wet meadow. 3d: Stolbovskyy, coast. 4a: Furukamappu, bog. 4b: Furukamappu, forest.

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These localities were surveyed by four authors (all except V. sometimes covered with Dryopteris expansa (C.Presl) Fraser- Yu. Barkalov). The study was mainly performed at designated Jenk. & Jermy, as also seen in some Abies-Picea forest of vegetation study sites, but was also conducted along the trail Shiretoko (e.g., Cape Shiretoko, Teppanbetsu; Samejima et al. between these sites. On average, time for floral study was one 1981). Recently, Sasa has been reduced in the forests of Shire- to two hours in each locality. Red data plants were not col- toko because of browsing damage by Sika Deer. Along the trail lected, as far as we could determine. Species names followed where Sasa or Dryopteris are rather rare, we noticed plants Yonekura and Kajita (2003). All collected specimens were such as Adoxa moschatellina L. (whose level of extinction risk identified by the authors, mainly by V. Yu. Barkalov, according classification has increased due to browsing damage by Sika to the APGIII system (Yonekura and Murata 2013). Voucher Deer in Kyoto (Kyoto Prefecture 2013)), Orthilia secunda (L.) specimens were deposited in Institute of Biology and Soil House, Carex sachalinensis F. Schmidt and others. It will be science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, necessary to investigate how these plants grow in the forests Vladivostok (VLA), Russia. The second locality, Mount Tomari, of Shiretoko under the browsing pressure of Sika Deer. is in a protected region and permission was obtained for the The southern Kuril Islands of Kunashiri and Etorofu purpose of this study from State Natural Reserve “Kurilskiy”. constitute a distribution limit of some warm to temperate Information on microhabitats, red data plants and other data plant elements, which tend to occur along the Okhotsk Sea are indicated in Table 2. Referenced red data books are those coast due to warmer climatic conditions than the Pacific of Sakhalin State (2005); Hokkaido Prefecture (2001); Japan coast (Barkalov 2009). Some of these plants are classified as (2012) and Russian Federation (2008). red data plants for Russia and the Sakhalin region. We found Magnolia obovata Thunb. and Quercus dentata Thunb. in good RESULTS condition, and Aralia cordata and Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold A list of the inventoried plants is shown in Table 2. We & Zucc. were observed several to many times. However, we identified 384 plant species, including 22 ferns, 5 gymno- did not observe Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold & Zucc. and sperms and 357 angiosperms (Table 2). Picea-Abies forests in Tilia maximowicziana Shirasawa, which are considered very Kunashiri (1a, 2b, 3a) are very similar to those of Shiretoko rare in Kunashiri (Barkalov 2009), although Cercidiphyllum or Hokkaido, except for the presence of Sasa, which widely japonicum and Tilia maximowicziana are common in Shiretoko covers the forest floor. The composition of coniferous forests (Samejima et al. 1981). As far as was observed in this study, was similar to those in Hokkaido, containing plants such as hardwoods (broadleaved trees) of warm-temperate elements Cornus canadensis L., Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. were mainly dispersed among coniferous forests, and their Nelson & J. F. Macbr., Circaea alpina L. subsp. alpina and oth- distribution seems to be more limited in Kunashiri than in ers. Along Stolbovskyy Ecological Trail (3a) near the Okhotsk Shiretoko. Sea side, we found hardwoods (broadleaved trees) such as The central site of volcanic activity in the caldera of Mount Acer (A. pictum Thunb., A. ukurunduense Trautv. & C. A. Mey.), Tomari was surrounded by thickets of Pinus pumila and Ledum Quercus crispula Blume, Ulmus davidiana Planch. var. japonica palustre, with Empetrum nigrum L. var. japonicum K. Koch and (Rehder) Nakai and U. laciniata (Trautv.). Mayr. among conif- Spiraea betulifolia Pall. var. betulifolia. Sato (1981) reports the erous trees. Magnolia obovata Thunb. and Quercus dentata Miscanthus community from a new volcano site of Mount Thunb., red data plants in Russia and Sakhalin district, were Io-zan, Shiretoko, and also observed the occurrence of Pinus also found along Stolbovskyy ecological trail and at Okhotsk pumila with Empetrum nigrum, despite of the low altitude of Sea coast respectively. the region. Furukamappu Bog is a species-rich sphagnum In the caldera of Mount Tomari (2), we found sparse trees bog. Though the bog differs from bogs in Shiretoko, occurring of Picea glehnii (F.Schmidt) Mast. and Abies sachalinensis among mountains, these sphagnum bogs are widely seen in (F.Schmidt) Mast. Vegetation at the central site of volcanic Hokkaido, and it will be interesting to compare species com- activity was affected by sulfurous gases, and was surrounded position between these bogs. by a thicket of Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel and Ledum palustre L. subsp. diversipilosum (Nakai) H. Hara var. nipponicum Nakai, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and plants such as Empetrum nigrum L. var. japonicum K. Koch, This study was arranged in the visa-free exchange pro- Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decr. and Spiraea grams between Japan and Russia, and we are grateful for the betulifolia Pall. var. betulifolia were observed. Some unique support of all the organizations in charge in both countries, populations found in the bog at the edge of atrio-lake includ- especially for Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of the ed those of Juncus articulatus L., J. filiformis L., J. haenkei E. Environment, Northern Territories Issue Association and Mey., Holcus lanatus L., Rumex gmelinii Turcz. ex Ledeb., and Marine Wildlife Center of Japan. This study was partly sup- Platanthera tipuloides (L. fil.) Lindl., amongst others. ported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant no. 25292085 to Koichi Kaji, In Furukamappu Bog (4a) we found rare plants such as Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. Pogonia japonica Rchb. f. and Eleorchis japonica (A. Gray) F. Maek., and also many species of Carex, which are Red Data list LITERATURE CITED plants in Japan (2012). Alekseeva, L. M. 1977. Floristic findings on Kunashiri Island. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l’Académie des Sciences de L’URSS 103: DISCUSSION 47–48. We observed Sasa senanensis (Franch. & Sav.) Rehder and Alekseeva, L. M. 1983. New and rare species for Kunashiri Island. Sasa nipponica (Makino) Makino & Shibata largely covering Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l’Académie des Sciences de the coniferous forest floor. Along withSasa , forest floors were L’URSS 127: 25–28.

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Barkalov, V. Yu. 1980. New species of vascular plants for Kuril Islands. biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7726091 Botanicheskii Zhurnal 65: 1802–1808. Samejima, J., K. Sato, M. Shimizu, K. Samejima and K. Nakamura. Barkalov, V. Yu. 2009. Flora of the Kuril Islands. Vladivostok: 1981. II. Forest vegetation; pp. 22–122, in: Samejima J. and Sato K. Dalnauka. 468 pp. (eds.), Report of the study on natural ecological system of Shiretoko Committee on natural resources and conservation of environment Peninsula, botany. Sapporo: Hokkaido Prefecture. 180 pp. of Sakhalin State. 2005. Red Data Book of Sakhalin state. Plants. Sato, K. 1981. III. Alpine vegetation; pp. 123–149, in: Samejima J. and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: Sakhalin Book Publishing. 348 pp. Sato K. (eds.), Report of the study on natural ecological system of Department of Environment, Hokkaido Prefecture. 2001. Threatened Shiretoko Peninsula, botany. Sapporo: Hokkaido Prefecture. 180 pp. wildlife of Hokkaido “Red Data Book of Hokkaido”. Sapporo: Takahashi, H. 1997. Material for phytogeography of vascular plants Wildlife Research Institute. 309 pp. in the Kuril Islands. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 47: Environment Agency of Japan. 2012. 4th Revision of Red Data list of 271–283. http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110003758900/en Japan to threatened wildlife of Japan – Red Data Book 2nd ed., 8: Tatewaki, M. 1957. Geobotanical study on the Kurile Islands. Acta Vascular plants. Japan Wildlife Research Center, Tokyo. http:// Horti Gotoburgensis 21: 43–123. www.env.go.jp/press/files/jp/20557.pdf Tatewaki, M. and K. Hirano. 1936. Picea glehnii forest on bogs Hokkaido Regional Forest Office, Kushiro Branch. 2012. 2nd term and sand dunes of Kunashiri Island, the south Kuril Islands. of Sika-deer management program in Shiretoko World Natural Ecological Review 2: 105–113. Heritage site. Kushiro, Hokkaido. 22 pp. [in Japanese]. http:// Voroshilov, V. N. 1982. Guide to the plants of the Soviet Far East. www.rinya.maff.go.jp/hokkaido/policy/business/pr/siritoko_ Moscow: Nauka. 672 pp. wh/pdf/siretoko_ezosika_keikaku.pdf Yonekura, K. and J. Murata. 2013. Syllabus of the vascular plants of Kyoto Prefecture. 2013. Revised Red Data list of Kyoto prefecture. Japan arranged in the order of phylogeny-based system. Tokyo: Department of Culture and Environment, Kyoto prefecture, Kyoto. Hokuryukan. 213 pp. 39 pp. http://www.pref.kyoto.jp/kankyo_red/documents/kaitei.pdf Yonekura, K. and T. Kajita. 2003. BG plants: index of Japanese- Matsumura, Y. 1943. The flora of neighborhood of Furukamapp, the scientific names (YList). Accessed at http://bean.bio.chiba-u.jp/ Isl. Kunashiri. Journal of Japanese Botany 10: 631–645. bgplants/ylist_main.html, 28 September 2013. Melekestsev, I. V., O. A. Braytseva, E. N. Erlikh, A. E. Shantser, A. I. Che- lebaeva, E. G. Lupikina, I. A. Egorova and N. N. Kozhemyaka 1974. Authors’ contribution statement: TF, HY, AL and YI collected the Kamchatka, Kuril and Komandor Islands. Nauka, Moscow. 437 pp. data, TF, YI and HY wrote the text, and VB, HY, YI and TF made the Ministry of Natural Resources, Russian Federation. 2008. Red Data identifications. Book of Russian Federation (Plants and Fungi). Tovarischestvo nauchnykh izdanii KMK. 856 pp. Received: February 2014 Miyabe, K. 1890. The flora of the Kurile Islands. Memoirs of Accepted: January 2015 the Boston Society of Natural History 4: 203–275. http:// Editorial responsibility: Paul A. Egan

Table 2. List of the plants found. Abbreviations (*): B.: Vyacheslav Yu. Barkalov, F.: Tomoko Fukuda, I.: Yukio Ishikawa, Y.: Hiroki Yamagishi; (**): RD(H): Red data book of Hokkaido (2001); RD(J): 4-th revision of Red data list of Japan (2012); RD(R ): Red data book of Russian Federation. Plants (2008); RD (S): Red data book of Sakhalin state (2005).

Identified Specimen No. for Family/species names Japanese name Locality Coll. * Remarks** by* “Kunashiri-2013” Lycopodiaceae Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis. トウゲシバ 1a Y Y - 1b Y Y 25 Lycopodium complanatum L. アスヒカズラ 2e’ F I 59 Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense L. スギナ 2c Y B 64 3c Y Y - Equisetum hyemale L. トクサ 1a Y Y - Equisetum palustre L. イヌスギナ 4a Y Y - Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea L. subsp. asiatica (Fernald) ヤマドリゼンマイ 1a I I - Fraser-Jenk. 2b, 4a, 4b Y Y - 3d F Y 121 Osmunda japonica Thunb. ゼンマイ 3a Y Y - Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn subsp. japonicum (Nakai) ワラビ 1b Y Y - Á. & D.Löve 2b Y Y - Pteridaceae Coniogramme intermedia Hieron. イワガネゼンマイ 3a Y Y - RD(S); riverside Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris nipponica (Franch. & Sav.) Ching ニッコウシダ 4a Y Y - Thelypteris palustris (Salisb.) Schott ヒメシダ 1a Y Y 3 4a F Y 148 Thelypteris phegopteris (L.) Sloss. ex Rydb. ミヤマワラビ 1b, 2b, 2e, 3a Y Y - 2e’ F Y 89 Continued

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Table 2. Continued. Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Onocleaceae Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. クサソテツ 1a Y Y - 3a I I - Onoclea sensibilis L. var. interrupta Maxim. コウヤワラビ 1b Y Y - Athyriaceae Athyrium brevifrons Nakai ex Tagawa エゾメシダ 1b I I - Athyrium yokoscense (Franch. & Sav.) H.Christ ヘビノネゴザ 2b Y Y - Deparia pterorachis (H.Christ) M.Kato オオメシダ 3d I I - Deparia pycnosora (H.Christ) M.Kato ミヤマシケシダ 1a I I - 3a Y Y - along stream Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai オシダ 1a Y Y - 2b Y Y - 3a Y Y - Dryopteris expansa (C.Presl) Fraser-Jenk. & Jermy シラネワラビ 1b Y, I Y, I - 3a Y Y - Polystichum braunii (Spenn.) Fée ホソイノデ 3a Y Y - along stream Polypodiaceae Lepisorus ussuriensis (Regel & Maack) Ching ウスリーノキシノブ 1a Y B 31 1a Y Y - on the branch of Taxus cuspidata Pinaceae Abies sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Mast. トドマツ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - 2f I I - Picea glehnii (F.Schmidt) Mast. アカエゾマツ 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) 3d F Y 130 2f I I - Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière エゾマツ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - 2f I I - Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel ハイマツ 2b, 2e, 3c Y Y - 2a, 2f I I - Taxaceae Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zucc. イチイ 1a, 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) Nymphaeaceae Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. var. pumila ネムロコウホネ 4a F Y 149 RD(S), RD(J), RD(H) Schisandraceae Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. チョウセンゴミシ 2d Y Y - Aristolochiaceae Asarum heterotropoides F.Schmidt オクエゾサイシン 1a Y Y - 2e Y B 70 Magnoliaceae Magnolia obovata Thunb. ホオノキ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) Araceae Arisaema peninsulae Nakai コウライテンナンシ 3a Y Y - ョウ Lysichiton camtschatcense (L.) Schott ミズバショウ 2c, 4a Y Y - 3a, 3c I I - Melanthiaceae Paris verticillata M. Bieb. クルマバツクバネソウ 3a I I - Trillium camschatcense Ker Gawl. オオバナノエンレイ 1a, 1b, 3a Y Y - ソウ Veratrum grandiflorum (Maxim. ex Miq.) O.Loes. バイケイソウ 1a, 1b, 3a, Y Y - Veratrum album L. 3c, 4a subsp. oxysepalum (Turcz.) Hultén Liliaceae Cardiocrinum cordatum (Thunb.) Makino var. glehnii オオウバユリ 3c Y Y - RD(R ) (F.Schmidt) H.Hara Clintonia udensis Trautv. & C.A.Mey. ツバメオモト 1a, 3a Y Y - Lilium maculatum Thunb. subsp. dauricum (Ker Gawl.) エゾスカシユリ 3d Y Y - H.Hara Lilium medeoloides A.Gray クルマユリ 2b, 3a Y Y - Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Orchidaceae Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó ハクサンチドリ 4a Y Y - Eleorchis japonica (A.Gray) F.Maek. サワラン 4a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S), RD(H) Epipactis papillosa Franch. & Sav. エゾスズラン 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - Listera nipponica Makino ミヤマフタバラン 3a I I - RD(H) Myrmechis japonica (Rchb.f.) Rolfe アリドオシラン 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(H) Platanthera chorisiana (Cham.) Rchb.f. タカネトンボ（ミヤケ 1b, 4a Y Y - RD(S) ラン） Platanthera mandarinorum Rchb.f. subsp. ヤマサギソウ 2a Y Y - mandarinorum var. oreades (Franch. & Sav.) Koidz. Platanthera mandarinorum Rchb.f. subsp. ophrydioides キソチドリ 4a Y Y - (F.Schmidt) K.Inoue Platanthera metabifolia F.Maek. エゾチドリ 3d Y Y - Platanthera sachalinensis F. Schmidt オオヤマサギソウ 3d F B 111 Platanthera tipuloides (L. fil.) Lindl. ホソバノキソチドリ 2a F B 38 4a F B 141 Pogonia japonica Rchb.f. トキソウ 4a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S), RD(J), RD(H) Iridaceae Iris ensata Thunb. var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai ex ノハナショウブ 4a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) (for I. Makino & Nemoto ensata) Iris laevigata Fisch. カキツバタ 4a Y Y - RD(J) Iris setosa Pall. ex Link ヒオウギアヤメ 1b Y Y 10 2c, 4a Y Y - Xanthorrhoeaceae Hemerocallis dumortieri C.Morren var. esculenta (Koidz.) ゼンテイカ 1b, 2e, 4a I, Y I, Y - Kitam. ex M.Matsuoka & M.Hotta Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. var. yezoensis (H. Hara) エゾキスゲ 2d Y Y - M. Hotta Amaryllidaceae Allium victorialis L. subsp. platyphyllum Hultén ギョウジャニンニク 1a, 2b Y Y - Asparagaceae Convallaria majalis L. var. manshurica Kom. スズラン 3d Y Y - Hosta sieboldii (Paxton) J.W.Ingram var. rectifolia (Nakai) タチギボウシ 4a Y Y - H.Hara 4a F F 132 Maianthemum dilatatum (A.W.Wood) A.Nelson & マイヅルソウ 1a, 1b, 2b, 2d, Y Y - J.F.Macbr. 2e, 3d, 4a, 4b Polygonatum humile Fisch. ex Maxim. ヒメイズイ 3d Y Y - Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. maximowiczii オオアマドコロ 1a, 1b, 2b, 3a Y Y - (F.Schmidt) Koidz. 2d I I - Juncaceae Juncus articulatus L. カラフトハナビゼキ 2a F B 35 ショウ Juncus decipiens (Buchenau) Nakai イグサ 2a F B 30, 43 4a F B 154 Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. ミクリゼキショウ 2a Y Y - Juncus filiformis L. エゾホソイ 2a F B 39 Juncus haenkei E. Mey. ハマイ 2a F B 40 Juncus prominens (Buchenau) Miyabe & Kudo セキショウイ 4a F B 151 RD(J) Juncus tenuis Willd. クサイ 3c F Y - Luzula capitata (Miq.) Miq. ex Kom. スズメノヤリ 2c Y F 65 2d Y Y - 3d F F 122 Cyperaceae Carex canescens L. ハクサンスゲ 2c I F 73 Carex caryophyllea Latour. var. microtricha (Franch.) Kuk. チャシバスゲ 3d F, I I 90 1b F B 6 4a F B 158 Carex diandra Schrank クリイロスゲ 4a F F 135 RD(J), RD(H) Carex falcata Turcz. サヤスゲ 4a F B 161 RD(J) Carex foliosissima F. Schmidt オクノカンスゲ 1b F B 17 Carex kobomugi Ohwi コウボウムギ 3d Y Y - Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. subsp. occultans (Franch.) Hulten ムジナスゲ 4a F B 134 4a F B 136 4a F B 138 Carex limosa L. ヤチスゲ 4a F B 139 Carex lyngbyei Hornem. ヤラメスゲ 2a F F 41 2c F F 42 Carex maximowiczii Miq. ゴウソ 4a F B 160 Carex michauxiana Boeck. subsp. asiatica Hultén ミタケスゲ 4a F F 147 Carex middendorffii F. Schmidt トマリスゲ 4a F F 140a Carex mollicula Boott ヒメシラスゲ 3a F F 103 along ecological road 3a, 2b Y, I Y, I - at riverside Carex nemurensis Franch. ホソバオゼヌマスゲ 4a Y Y - RD(J) Carex omiana Franch. & Sav. var. omiana ヤチカワズスゲ 4a F F 152 Carex pauciflora Lightf. タカネハリスゲ 4a F F 145 RD(J) Carex pseudololiacea F. Schmidt ヒロハイッポンスゲ 4a F B 153 RD(J) 4a F B 156 4b Y Y - Carex rhynchophysa C.A. Mey. オオカサスゲ 2c F B 57 Carex sachalinensis F. Schmidt サハリンイトスゲ 1a I B 2 3a F B 101 Carex sachalinensis F.Schmidt var. iwakiana Ohwi ゴンゲンスゲ 3a I I - Carex thunbergii Steud. アゼスゲ 4a F B 140b Carex traiziscana F. Schmidt ヒロハオゼヌマスゲ 4a F F 155 RD(J) Carex tsuishikarensis Koidz. & Ohwi ホロムイクグ 4a F B 146 RD(J), RD(H) Eriophorum gracile K.Koch サギスゲ 4a F F 133 Eriophorum vaginatum L. subsp. fauriei (E.G.Camus) A. ワタスゲ 4a F F 137 & D.Löve Fimbristylis subbispicata Nees & Meyen ヤマイ 3b F B 96 Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl ミカヅキグサ 4a F F 142 Schoenoplectus hotarui (Ohwi) Holub ホタルイ 2a Y Y - Scirpus wichurae Boeck. アブラガヤ 2c F F 55 Poaceae Agrostis capillaris L. (A. tenuis Sibth.) イトコヌカグサ 1b F B 7 2c Y B 63 Agrostis flaccida Hack. ミヤマヌカボ 2e, 2f I I - Agrostis gigantea Roth コヌカグサ 2c Y B 60 3b F B 95 Anthoxanthum odoratum L. ハルガヤ 1b, 3c I I - Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drej. (Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) コメススキ 2a F, I B 32 Nees) 2f I I - Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald カズノコグサ 1d Y Y - Brachypodium kurilense (Probat.) Probat. ヤマカモジグサ 2c F B 44 Brylkinia caudata (Munro ex A.Gray) F.Schmidt ホガエリガヤ 1a Y Y - 3a F Y 104 Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth ヤマアワ 2d I I - Calamagrostis hakonensis Franch. & Sav. ヒメノガリヤス 3a I I - Calamagrostis purpurea (Trin.) Trin. イワノガリヤス 2c F B 34 2d I B 45 2e I I - Calamagrostis sachalinensis F.Schmidt タカネノガリヤス 2e I I - Dactylis glomerata L. カモガヤ 1b Y Y - 3d F F 110 Festuca rubra L. オオウシノケグサ 1b F B 4 2e I I - Holcus lanatus L. シラゲガヤ 2a F B 29 2a F B 33 Leymus mollis (Trin. ex Spreng.) Pilg. テンキグサ 1c, 2d, 3d Y Y - Miscanthus sinensis Andersson ススキ 2d, 3d I I - Phalaris arundinacea L. クサヨシ 2c, 3c Y Y - bogs/riverside Phleum pratense L. オオアワガエリ 1b, 3c Y Y - Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. ヨシ 1b, 1d, 2c, 3c Y Y - bogs/riverside Poa annua L. スズメノカタビラ 3b F B 94 Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata チシマザサ 1a, 2d, 2e I I - Sasa nipponica (Makino) Makino & Shibata ミヤコザサ 1a F I 8 Sasa senanensis (Franch. & Sav.) Rehder クマイザサ 1a, 1b, 2b, Y, I Y, I - 2e, 3a Ranunculaceae Aconitum maximum Pall. ex. DC. トリカブト属 1a, 3a Y Y - Actaea erythrocarpa Fisch. アカミノルイヨウシ 1a, 3a Y Y - ョウマ Anemone debilis Fisch. ex Turcz. ヒメイチゲ 1a I I - 2e, 4a Y Y - Aquilegia flabellata Siebold & Zucc. var. pumila (Huth) ミヤマオダマキ 2d Y Y - Kudô Cimicifuga simplex (DC.) Wormsk. ex Turcz. サラシナショウマ 1a, 3a Y Y - Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. ミツバオウレン 2e Y Y 68 4a F F 144 Ranunculus grandis Honda var. austrokurilensis (Tatew.) シコタンキンポウゲ 1b Y Y 1 RD(J) H.Hara 3a Y Y - 3d F B 126 Ranunculus silerifolius H.Lév. var. glaber (H.Boissieu) キツネノボタン 2b, 3a Y Y - riverside Tamura Thalictrum sp. カラマツソウ属 1b, 3a Y Y - Thalictrum baicalense Turcz. ex Ledeb. ハルカラマツ 1b Y Y - Thalictrum minus L. var. hypoleucum (Siebold & Zucc.) アキカラマツ 2d Y Y - Miq. Thalictrum sachalinense Lecoy. エゾカラマツ 1a, 1b, 2b, 4a Y Y - 3d F Y 107 Grossulariaceae Ribes latifolium Jancz. エゾスグリ 1a Y Y 49 Ribes rubrum L. フサスグリ 2c Y Y - Cult. ? Saxifragaceae Astilbe odontophylla Miq. トリアシショウマ 4a Y Y - Chrysosplenium kamtschaticum Fisch. ex Ser. チシマネコノメソウ 1b, d, 2b, 3a Y Y - 2b, 3a: along streams Saxifraga fusca Maxim. var. kurilensis Ohwi チシマクロクモソウ 1d F F 26-28 F F 82-85 1a, 3a Y Y - 3a: along streams Crassulaceae Phedimus kamtschaticus (Fisch.) ‘t Hart エゾノキリンソウ 1c, 2d Y Y - Vitaceae Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch. ヤマブドウ 2b, 3a Y Y - Fabaceae Lathyrus japonicus Willd. ハマエンドウ 1c, 2d, 3d Y Y - 3d F F 109 Lathyrus palustris L. var. pilosus (Cham.) Ledeb. エゾノレンリソウ 4a F Y 143 3c Y Y - bogs/riverside Thermopsis lupinoides (L.) Link センダイハギ 1b, 2d, 2c, 3d Y Y - Trifolium pratense L. ムラサキツメクサ 2c, 3c Y Y - Trifolium repens L. シロツメクサ 1b, 2c, 2d, 3c Y Y - Vicia cracca L. クサフジ 2d, 3c Y Y - Vicia japonica A.Gray ヒロハクサフジ 2d I I - Vicia unijuga A.Braun ナンテンハギ 1b I I - 3d F Y 105 Rosaceae Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. キンミズヒキ 3a I I - Aruncus dioicus (Walter) Fernald var. kamtschaticus ヤマブキショウマ 1b, 1c, 2d, 2e, Y, I Y, I - (Maxim.) H.Hara 3c, 3d Cerasus maximowiczii (Rupr.) Kom. ミヤマザクラ 2b Y Y - 2e’ F Y 88 Cerasus nipponica (Matsum.) Ohle ex H.Ohba var. タカネザクラ 2e F B 77, 81 nipponica Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Comarum palustre L. クロバナロウゲ 4a Y Y - Filipendula camtschatica (Pall.) Maxim. オニシモツケ 1a, 1b, 1c, 2d, Y Y - 3a, 3c, 4a Geum aleppicum Jacq. オオダイコンソウ 1b F Y 21 2c, 3c Y Y - Geum macrophyllum Willd. var. sachalinense (Koidz.) H.Hara カラフトダイコンソウ 1b F Y 12, 23 1b, 2c, 3a, 3c Y Y - Padus ssiori (F.Schmidt) C.K.Schneid. シウリザクラ 3a I I - RD(S) Potentilla fragarioides L. var. major Maxim キジムシロ 1b Y Y - Potentilla fragiformis Willd. ex D.F.K.Schltdl. subsp. チシマキンバイ 2d Y Y - megalantha (Takeda) Hultén Potentilla stolonifera Lehm. ex Ledeb. ツルキジムシロ 3d F F 112, 131 Rosa sp. 2b, 2c Y Y - Rosa rugosa Thunb. ハマナス 1b, 3d Y Y - 2c Y Y 66 Rubus idaeus L. subsp. melanolasius Focke エゾイチゴ 1a, 1b I I - 1b Y, F B, Y 9, 25 Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim. エビガライチゴ 1b F Y 15 2e, 3c Y Y - Rubus triphyllus Thunb. 3d F B 117 Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link ナガボノシロワレモ 2c, 2d, 2e, Y Y - コウ 3c, 4a 1b I I - 3d F F 123 Sieversia pentapetala (L.) Greene チングルマ 4a F F 159 Sorbus commixta Hedl ナナカマド 1a, 2b, 3a, 4a Y Y - Sorbus sambucifolia (Cham. & Schltdl.) M.Roem. タカネナナカマド 3d Y Y - 2e I I - Spiraea betulifolia Pall. var. betulifolia マルバシモツケ 2a I F 72 2e, 2f Y Y - Ulmaceae Ulmus davidiana Planch. var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai ハルニレ 1a, 3a Y Y - Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr オヒョウ 3a, 2b Y Y - Urticaceae Laportea bulbifera (Siebold & Zucc.) Wedd. ムカゴイラクサ 3a I I - Laportea sp. イラクサ属 3a Y Y - Pilea pumila (L.) A.Gray アオミズ 3b Y Y - hot spring Urtica platyphylla Wedd. エゾイラクサ 1a, 2d, 3a Y, I Y, I - Fagaceae Quercus crispula Blume ミズナラ 1a, 2b, 3a Y, I Y, I - Quercus dentata Thunb. カシワ 2d I I - RD(R ), RD(S) Myricaceae Myrica gale L. var. tomentosa C.DC. ヤチヤナギ 4a Y Y - RD(R ) (for M. gale) Betulaceae Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Turcz. ex Rupr. var. hirsuta ケヤマハンノキ 2b, 3a, 4a Y Y - Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Turcz. ex Rupr. var. sibirica (Spach) ヤマハンノキ 1a Y Y - C.K.Schneid. Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. ハンノキ 4a Y Y - Alnus viridis (Chaix) Lam. & DC. subsp. maximowiczii ミヤマハンノキ 2a, 2b, 2d, Y, I Y, I - (Callier) D.Löve 2e, 2f Betula ermanii Cham. ダケカンバ 1a, 2b, 3a Y, I Y, I - 2f I I - Betula platyphylla Sukaczev var. japonica (Miq.) H.Hara シラカンバ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - Cucurbitaceae Schizopepon bryoniifolius Maxim. ミヤマニガウリ 3a Y Y - Celastraceae Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. var. orbiculatus ツルウメモドキ 1b F I 18 2b, 2d, 3d Y, I Y, I - 3d F F 115 Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Euonymus macropterus Rupr. ヒロハノツリバナ 1b Y B 25 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - Euonymus planipes (Koehne) Koehne オオツリバナ 2b Y Y - Parnassia palustris L. var. palustris ウメバチソウ 4a Y Y 162 Oxalidaceae Oxalis acetosella L. コミヤマカタバミ 1a, 3a, 4b Y Y - Salicaceae Salix caprea L. バッコヤナギ 2b, 3a Y Y - Salix udensis Trautv. & C.A.Mey. オノエヤナギ 2b, c Y Y - Violaceae Viola grypoceras A.Gray var. grypoceras タチツボスミレ 1a Y Y - Viola hultenii W.Becker チシマウスバスミレ 4a Y Y - RD(J) Viola langsdorfii Fisch. ex DC. subsp. sachalinensis オオバタチツボスミレ 1b Y Y 19 RD(J) W.Becker 4a Y Y - Viola mandshurica W.Becker スミレ 1b Y Y - Viola selkirkii Pursh ex Goldie ミヤマスミレ 1a Y Y 48 2b, 3a, 4b Y, I Y, I - Viola verecunda A.Gray ツボスミレ 1a, 2b, 3a Y, I Y, I - 1b Y Y 22 2c F Y 56 Hypericaceae Hypericum erectum Thunb. オトギリソウ 1b Y B 20 2e F Y 79 2c, 3a Y Y - Geraniaceae Geranium erianthum DC. チシマフウロ 1b, 2d, 2e Y Y - Geranium thunbergii Siebold ex Lindl. & Paxton ゲンノショウコ 1b, 2c Y Y - Geranium yesoense Franch. & Sav. var. yesoense エゾフウロ 1a, 2d, 4a Y Y - 1b Y Y 11 3d F Y 106 Lythraceae Lythrum salicaria L. エゾミソハギ 3c Y Y - riverside Onagraceae Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub ヤナギラン 2e Y Y - Circaea alpina L. subsp. alpina ミヤマタニタデ 1a I I - Circaea x sterilis Boufford ヤマタニタデ 3a Y Y - riverside Epilobium amurense Hausskn. ケゴンアカバナ 1b, d Y Y - Epilobium amurense Hausskn. subsp. cephalostigma イワアカバナ 2d Y Y - syn. Epilobium cepha- (Hausskn.) C.J.Chen, Hoch & P.H.Raven lostigma Hausskn. 1b F B 13 Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze subsp. orientale ツタウルシ 1a, 2b, 3a, 4b Y, I Y, I - (Greene) Gillis Toxicodendron trichocarpum (Miq.) Kuntze ヤマウルシ 2b Y Y - Sapindaceae Acer pictum Thunb. イタヤカエデ 2b, 2d, 3a Y, I Y, I - Acer ukurunduense Trautv. & C.A.Mey. オガラバナ 2b, 3a, 4b Y Y - Rutaceae Phellodendron amurense Rupr. キハダ 2b, 3a I, Y I, Y - RD(S) Skimmia japonica Thunb. var. intermedia Komatsu f. ツルミヤマシキミ 2b F F 58 repens (Nakai) Ohwi 3a, 4b Y, F Y, F - Brassicaceae Arabis stelleri DC. var. japonica (A.Gray) F. Schmidt ハマハタザオ 3d F F 127 Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. ヤマガラシ 3d Y Y - Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. オニハマダイコン 3d Y Y - Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O.E.Schulz コンロンソウ 2b Y Y - 3a F Y 97 riverside Cardamine scutata Thunb. タネツケバナ 2d, 3c Y Y - riverside Draba borealis DC. エゾイヌナズナ 2d Y Y - Nasturtium officinale R.Br. オランダガラシ 3c Y Y - riverside Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Polygonaceae Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decr. オオイタドリ 1b, 1c, 1d, 2d, Y Y - 2c, 3c, 3d Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre var. incana (Roth) H.Hara サナエタデ 1b Y Y - Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross ハナタデ 1b, 3d Y Y - 3c F Y 92 Persicaria thunbergii (Siebold & Zucc.) H.Gross ミゾソバ 1a, 1b, 2b, 3c Y Y - 2b, 3c: along streams Polygonum aviculare L. subsp. aviculare ミチヤナギ 1b Y Y - Rumex acetosella L. subsp. pyrenaicus (Pourret ex ヒメスイバ 3d Y Y - Lapeyr.) Akeroyd Rumex alpestris Jacq. subsp. lapponicus (Hiitonen) Jalas タカネスイバ 1b F, I Y 16 2d, 3d Y, I Y, I - Rumex gmelinii Turcz. ex Ledeb. カラフトノダイオウ 2a F B 37 RD(J) Rumex obtusifolius L. エゾノギシギシ 1b Y Y - Rumex sp. スイバ属 3d Y Y - Droseraceae Drosera rotundifolia L. モウセンゴケ 2a, 2e, 4a Y Y - Caryophyllaceae Arenaria lateriflora L. オオヤマフスマ 1b F Y 14 3a, d Y Y - Cerastium fischerianum Ser. オオバナノミミナグサ 1c, 3d Y, I Y, I - Cerastium fontanum Baumg. subsp. vulgare (Hartm.) オオミミナグサ 3c Y Y - Greuter & Burdet Dianthus superbus L. var. longicalycinus (Maxim.) カワラナデシコ 2d Y Y - F.N.Williams Honckenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. var. major Hook. ハマハコベ 1c, 3d Y Y - Sagina japonica (Sw.) Ohwi ツメクサ 3d Y Y - Stellaria bungeana Fenzl var. stubendorfii (Regel) Y.C.Chu オオハコベ 1b Y Y - Stellaria fenzlii Regel シラオイハコベ 1a F, Y B 47, 50 Stellaria graminea L. カラフトホソバハコベ 4’ F B 86 Stellaria radians L. エゾオオヤマハコベ 1b Y Y - 3c Y B 91 Amaranthaceae Chenopodium album L. シロザ 1b Y Y - Salsola komarovii Iljin オカヒジキ 1c, 3d Y Y - Cornaceae Cornus canadensis L. ゴゼンタチバナ 2b, 2e, 3a, Y Y - 4a, 4b Cornus controversa Hemsl. ex Prain ミズキ 2b Y Y - Hydrangeaceae Hydrangea paniculata Siebold ノリウツギ 1a, 1b, 2a, Y Y - 2b, 2e, 3a, 3c, 3d, 4a Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc. ツルアジサイ 1a, 2b Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) 2e’ F Y 87 Schizophragma hydrangeoides Siebold & Zucc. イワガラミ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) Balsaminaceae Impatiens noli-tangere L. キツリフネ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - 3a: along streams Polemoniaceae Polemonium schizanthun Klok. (P. laxiflorum(Regel) ハナシノブ属 2c Y B 63 Kitam., p.p.) 4a Y Y 163 Primulaceae Lysimachia vulgaris L. var. davurica (Ledeb.) R.Knuth クサレダマ 4a Y Y - Trientalis europaea L. ツマトリソウ 4a Y Y - Actinidiaceae Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. コクワ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - RD(S) f. platyphylla (A.Gray ex Miq.) H.Ohba Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. & Rupr.) Maxim. ミヤママタタビ 2b, 3a Y Y - 2e’ F F 75 Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Ericaceae Empetrum nigrum L. var. japonicum K. Koch ガンコウラン 2e, 3d, 4a Y Y - 2f I I - Eubotryoides grayana (Maxim.) H.Hara var. grayana ハナヒリノキ 2b Y Y - 2e Y B 69 Ledum palustre L. subsp. diversipilosum (Nakai) H.Hara イソツツジ 2e, 2f, 3d, 4a Y Y - var. nipponicum Nakai Menziesia pentandra Maxim. コヨウラクツツジ 2b F B 54 Monotropastrum humile (D.Don) H.Hara ギンリョウソウ 1a, 3a Y Y - Orthilia secunda (L.) House コイチヤクソウ 3a F F 98 Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alefeld イチヤクソウ 3a Y Y - Pyrola renifolia Maxim. ジンヨウイチヤクソウ 3a Y Y - Rhododendron tschonoskii Maxim. コメツツジ 2e F Y 36 RD(R ), RD(S) Vaccinium oxycoccos L. ツルコケモモ 4a Y Y - Vaccinium praestans Lamb. イワツツジ 2d, 2e, 4b Y Y - Vaccinium smallii A.Gray var. smallii オオバスノキ 3d, 4b Y Y - Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. コケモモ 2e Y Y - Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Roem. & Schult. var. エゾノヨツバムグラ 1a Y Y 5 kamtschaticum Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. クルマバソウ 1a Y Y - Galium pseudoasprellum Makino オオバノヤエムグラ 1b Y Y - Galium trifidum L. ホソバノヨツバムグラ 4a F Y 150 Galium trifloriforme Kom. オククルマムグラ 1a Y Y - Galium triflorum Michx. ヤツガタケムグラ 1a F B 46 RD(J) Galium verum L. subsp. asiaticum (Nakai) T.Yamaz. キバナノカワラマツバ 1b, c, 2d Y Y - 3d F F 119 Rubia jesoensis (Miq.) Miyabe & T.Miyake アカネムグラ 3d F Y 129 Genitianaceae Gentiana triflora Pall. var. japonica (Kusn.) H.Hara エゾリンドウ 2c Y Y - Swertia tetrapetala Pall. subsp. tetrapetala var. チシマセンブリ 2d Y Y - tetrapetala 2e I F 76 Apocynaceae Metaplexis japonica (Thunb.) Makino ガガイモ 3d Y Y - Boraginaceae Mertensia maritima (L.) Gray subsp. asiatica Takeda ハマベンケイソウ 1c, 3d Y Y - Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill ノハラムラサキ 1b Y Y - Convolvulaceae Calystegia soldanella (L.) R.Br. ハマヒルガオ 3d Y Y - Oleaceae Fraxinus lanuginosa Koidz. f. serrata (Nakai) Murata アオダモ 3a Y Y - Plantaginaceae Linaria japonica Miq. ウンラン 3d Y Y - Plantago asiatica L. オオバコ 1b, 2c, 3c Y Y - Plantago camtschatica Cham. ex Link エゾオオバコ 1c, 2d Y Y - 3d F F 125 Veronica americana (Raf.) Schwein. ex Benth. エゾノカワヂシャ 1d, 3c Y Y - 3c: along streams 2c Y F 74 Veronica schmidtiana Regel subsp. schmidtiana キクバクワガタ 1c Y Y - Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia alata A.Gray エゾヒナノウスツボ 2d, 3d Y Y - Lamiaceae Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) Kuntze subsp. クルマバナ 3d Y Y - grandiflorum (Maxim.) H.Hara Glechoma hederacea L. subsp. grandis (A.Gray) H.Hara カキドオシ 1d Y Y - Lamium album L. var. barbatum (Siebold & Zucc.) オドリコソウ 1b, 2d, 3a Y, I Y, I - Franch. & Sav. Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth. シロネ 2c, 4a Y Y - Lycopus uniflorus Michx. エゾシロネ 2c Y B 67 Prunella vulgaris L. subsp. asiatica (Nakai) H.Hara ウツボグサ 2e, 3a, 4a Y Y - Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Scutellaria shikokiana Makino ミヤマナミキ 3a Y B 99 Scutellaria strigillosa Hemsl. ナミキソウ 3d Y Y - Stachys aspera Michx. var. hispidula (Regel) Vorosch. イヌゴマ 4a Y Y - Orobanchaceae Euphrasia maximowiczii Wettst. var. yezoensis (H.Hara) エゾコゴメグサ 1b Y Y - H.Hara ex T.Yamaz. Pedicularis resupinata L. subsp. oppositifolia (Miq.) T.Yamaz. シオガマギク 2d I Y 53 Rhinanthus angustifolius C.C.Gmel. subsp. grandiflorus オクエゾガラガラ 1b Y Y - (Wallr.) D.A.Webb Aquifoliaceae Ilex crenata Thunb. var. radicans (Nakai) Murai ハイイヌツゲ 4a Y Y - RD(S)(I. crenata Thunb.) Ilex rugosa F.Schmidt ツルツゲ 3a, 4b Y Y - Campanulaceae Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. var. japonica (Regel) ツリガネニンジン 2d, 3d Y Y - H.Hara Lobelia sessilifolia Lamb. サワギキョウ 4a Y Y - Peracarpa carnosa (Wall.) Hook.f. & Thomson タニギキョウ 3a Y Y - 3a Y B 100 Menyanthaceae Menyanthes trifoliata L. ミツガシワ 4a Y Y - Asteraceae Achillea alpina L. subsp. japonica (Heimerl) Kitam. キタノコギリソウ 2d Y Y - RD(J) Achillea millefolium L. セイヨウノコギリソウ 2c Y Y - Achillea ptarmica L. subsp. macrocephala (Rupr.) Heimerl エゾノコギリソウ 1c, 2d, 3d Y Y - Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. subsp. ヤマハハコ 1b, 2c, 2d, 2e Y, I Y, I - margaritacea Arctium lappa L. ゴボウ 1b Y Y - Artemisia indica Willd. var. maximowiczii (Nakai) H.Hara ヨモギ 1b, 2b, 2d Y Y - Artemisia japonica Thunb. オトコヨモギ 3b F Y 93 3c Y Y - along streams Artemisia japonica Thunb. subsp. littoricola (Kitam.) ハマオトコヨモギ 2d I I - Kitam. Artemisia koidzumii Nakai ヒロハウラジロヨモギ 2d I I - Artemisia montana (Nakai) Pamp. オオヨモギ 1b, 2d I I - 3a, 3c, 3d Y Y - Artemisia stelleriana Besser シロヨモギ 3d F F 124 Cirsium kamtschaticum Ledeb. ex DC. チシマアザミ 1b, 2b, 2c, F F - 2d, 3c 2e F F 80 Cirsium pectinellum A.Gray エゾノサワアザミ 3d F F 116 4a Y Y - Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. ヒメジョオン 1b, 2c, 3c Y Y - Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. ヘラバヒメジョオン 4a F Y 157 Eupatorium glehnii F. Schmidt ex Trautv. ヨツバヒヨドリ 1b F B 24 3a, 2c Y Y - Hieracium umbellatum L. ヤナギタンポポ 2c Y B 62 Ixeridium dentatum (Thunb.) Tzvelev subsp. nipponicum シロバナニガナ 2c, 2e Y Y - (Nakai) J.H.Pak & Kawano var. albiflorum (Makino) Tzvelev Ixeris repens (L.) A.Gray ハマニガナ 3d Y Y - Leontodon autumnalis L. アキノタンポポモドキ 2c Y F 63 3c, d Y Y - Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. フランスギク 2c, 3c Y, I Y, I - Ligularia hodgsonii Hook.f. トウゲブキ 3d F F 114 2e, 4a Y Y - Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Ced.Porter ex Britton コシカギク 1b Y Y - Parasenecio hastatus (L.) H.Koyama subsp. orientalis ヨブスマソウ 1a, 2b, 2c, 3a Y Y - (Kitam.) H.Koyama Parasenecio kamtschaticus (Maxim.) Kadota ミミコウモリ 1a, 2b, 2e, 3a Y Y - Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. subsp. アキタブキ 1d, 2b, 2c, 2d, Y, I Y, I - giganteus (G.Nicholson) Kitam. 3a, 3c Picris hieracioides L. subsp. japonica (Thunb.) Krylov コウゾリナ 3d F F 128 3d I I - Continued

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Table 2. Continued.

Coll. Identified Specimen No.for Family/species names Japanese names Localities Remarks** * by* “Kunashiri-2013” Picris hieracioides L. subsp. kamtschatica (Ledeb.) Hultén カンチコウゾリナ 1b, 3d Y Y - Saussurea fauriei Franch. フォーリーアザミ 2d Y Y - RD(J) Saussurea riederi Herder subsp. yezoensis (Maxim.) Kitam. ナガバキタアザミ 2d I I - Senecio cannabifolius Less. ハンゴンソウ 1a, 1b, 3a, 4a Y Y - Senecio nemorensis L. キオン 1b, 2d I I - 3d F Y 108 Senecio pseudoarnica Less. エゾオグルマ 2d Y Y - Solidago virgaurea L. subsp. asiatica (Nakai ex H.Hara) アキノキリンソウ 1a, 2b, 2e, 3a, Y Y - Kitam. ex H.Hara 3c, 3d Sonchus brachyotus DC. ハチジョウナ 3d Y Y - Taraxacum officinale Weber ex F.H.Wigg. セイヨウタンポポ 1b, c, d, 3a, 3c Y Y - Taraxacum shikotanense Kitam. シコタンタンポポ 2d Y Y - Adoxaceae Adoxa moschatellina L. レンプクソウ 3a Y Y 102 Sambucus racemosa L. subsp. kamtschatica (E.L.Wolf) エゾニワトコ 2b, 3a Y, I Y, I - Hultén Viburnum furcatum Blume ex Maxim. オオカメノキ 2b Y Y - Viburnum wrightii Miq. ミヤマガマズミ 2b Y Y - RD(R ) Caprifoliaceae Lonicera caerulea L. var. emphyllocalyx (Maxim.) Nakai クロミノウグイスカ 3d F Y 120 グラ Lonicera glehnii F. Schmidt エゾヒョウタンボク 1a Y B 51 RD(J) Araliaceae Aralia cordata Thunb. ウド 3a, 2b Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. タラノキ 1a, 2b, 3a Y, I Y, I - RD(S) Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. ハリギリ 1a, 2b, 3a Y Y - RD(R ), RD(S) Apiaceae Angelica genuflexa Nutt. オオバセンキュウ 1d, 2d Y, I Y, I - Angelica sachalinensis Maxim. var. sachalinensis エゾノヨロイグサ 2d I Y.I. - Angelica ursina (Rupr.) Maxim. エゾニュウ 2d Y Y - Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. subsp. sylvestris シャク 1b Y Y - Bupleurum longiradiatum Turcz. ホタルサイコ 2d I F 52 Cicuta virosa L. ドクゼリ 1d, 4a Y Y - Coelopleurum gmelinii (DC.) Ledeb. エゾノシシウド 1b, 2d, 3d Y Y - Conioselinum chinense (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. カラフトニンジン 2d I I - 3d Y Y - Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. subsp. japonica (Hassk.) ミツバ 3a Y Y - Hand.-Mazz. Glehnia littoralis F.Schmidt ex Miq. ハマボウフウ 3d Y Y - Heracleum lanatum Michx. var. lanatum オオハナウド 1b, 1c, 1d Y Y - 3d F F 113 2d I I - Ligusticum scothicum L. subsp. hultenii (Fernald) Hultén マルバトウキ 1b, 1c, 2d Y Y - Ligusticum scoticum L. subsp. hultenii (Fernald) Hultén 3d F F 118 Peucedanum terebinthaceum (Fisch. ex Trevir.) Fisch. ex カワラボウフウ 2d Y Y - Turcz. Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm. オオカサモチ 1a, 1d, 2d, 3a Y, I Y, I - Sanicula chinensis Bunge ウマノミツバ 1b Y Y - Tilingia ajanensis Regel シラネニンジン 2e F Y 78 Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC. ヤブジラミ 3a Y Y -

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