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Speech Understanding Systems: Summary of Results of the Five-Year Research Effort at Carnegie-Mellon University
Carnegie Mellon University Research Showcase Computer Science Department School of Computer Science 1-1-1977 Speech understanding systems: summary of results of the five-year research effort at Carnegie-Mellon University. Carnegie-Mellon University.Computer Science Dept. Carnegie Mellon University Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.cmu.edu/compsci Recommended Citation Carnegie-Mellon University.Computer Science Dept., "Speech understanding systems: summary of results of the five-year research effort at Carnegie-Mellon University." (1977). Computer Science Department. Paper 1529. http://repository.cmu.edu/compsci/1529 This Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Computer Science at Research Showcase. It has been accepted for inclusion in Computer Science Department by an authorized administrator of Research Showcase. For more information, please contact research- [email protected]. NOTICE WARNING CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS: The copyright law of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Any copying of this document without permission of its author may be prohibited by law. "7? • 3 SPEECH UNDERSTANDING SYSTEMS Summary of Results of the Five-Year Research Effort at Carnegie-Mellon University Carnegie-Mellon University Department of Computer Science Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 First Version printed September 1976 Present Version printed August 1977 M d R— <h Projects A en, un^coX^no. TSS^l MiF*"™ ™™ B Scientific Research. ™ and monitored by ,h. Air Z^0^!7, PREFACE This report is an augmented version of a report originally issued in September of 1976, during the demonstration at the end of the five-year speech effort. -
The Evolution of Lisp
1 The Evolution of Lisp Guy L. Steele Jr. Richard P. Gabriel Thinking Machines Corporation Lucid, Inc. 245 First Street 707 Laurel Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 Menlo Park, California 94025 Phone: (617) 234-2860 Phone: (415) 329-8400 FAX: (617) 243-4444 FAX: (415) 329-8480 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Lisp is the world’s greatest programming language—or so its proponents think. The structure of Lisp makes it easy to extend the language or even to implement entirely new dialects without starting from scratch. Overall, the evolution of Lisp has been guided more by institutional rivalry, one-upsmanship, and the glee born of technical cleverness that is characteristic of the “hacker culture” than by sober assessments of technical requirements. Nevertheless this process has eventually produced both an industrial- strength programming language, messy but powerful, and a technically pure dialect, small but powerful, that is suitable for use by programming-language theoreticians. We pick up where McCarthy’s paper in the first HOPL conference left off. We trace the development chronologically from the era of the PDP-6, through the heyday of Interlisp and MacLisp, past the ascension and decline of special purpose Lisp machines, to the present era of standardization activities. We then examine the technical evolution of a few representative language features, including both some notable successes and some notable failures, that illuminate design issues that distinguish Lisp from other programming languages. We also discuss the use of Lisp as a laboratory for designing other programming languages. We conclude with some reflections on the forces that have driven the evolution of Lisp. -
Artificial Intelligence Research at Carnegie
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE production systems as programming languages have been important in AI work at CMU. RESEARCH AT CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY The first production systems used at CMU were Newell’s PS and PSG systems. Rychener developed his PSNLST system soon after PSG came into use. In 1975, Edited by Jaime Carbonell Forgy, McDermott, Newell, and Rychener developed the AI research at CMU is closely integrated with other first system in the OPS family. OPS has continued to activities in the Computer Science Department, and to a evolve since that time, the latest version, OPS5, having major degree with ongoing research in the Psychology been completed in 1979. OPS has a served as a basis for Department. Although there are over 50 faculty, staff and many programs, including Langley and Simon’s BACON graduate students involved in various aspects of AI systems and McDermott’s RI expert system. research, there is no administratively (or physically) separate AI laboratory. To underscore the interdisciplinary During the last few years, many production systems nature of much of our AI research, a significant fraction of have been developed to serve as psychological models. (It the projects listed below are joint ventures between is characteristic of psychological modeling that many computer science and psychology. systems must be implemented, for the testing of each new architectural feature requires that a system exhibiting that The history of AI research at Carnegie-Mellon goes back feature be implemented and tested.) Anderson combines production rules with a semantic-network memory in his twenty-five years. The early work was characterized by a ACT systems to model human memory phenomena. -
Remote Debugging and Reflection in Resource Constrained Devices Nikolaos Papoulias
Remote Debugging and Reflection in Resource Constrained Devices Nikolaos Papoulias To cite this version: Nikolaos Papoulias. Remote Debugging and Reflection in Resource Constrained Devices. Program- ming Languages [cs.PL]. Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2013. English. tel-00932796 HAL Id: tel-00932796 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932796 Submitted on 17 Jan 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N° d’ordre : 41342 THESE présentée en vue d’obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR en Spécialité : informatique par Nikolaos Papoulias DOCTORAT DELIVRE CONJOINTEMENT PAR MINES DOUAI ET L’UNIVERSITE DE LILLE 1 Titre de la thèse : Remote Debugging and Reflection in Resource Constrained Devices Soutenue le 19/12/2013 à 10h devant le jury d’examen : Président Roel WUYTS (Professeur – Université de Leuven) Directeur de thèse Stéphane DUCASSE (Directeur de recherche – INRIA Lille) Rapporteur Marianne HUCHARD (Professeur – Université Montpellier 2) Rapporteur Alain PLANTEC (Maître-Conf-HDR – Université de Bretagne Occ.) Examinateur Serge STINCKWICH (Maître-Conf – Université de Caen) co-Encadrant Noury BOURAQADI (Maître-Assistant – Mines de Douai) co-Encadrant Marcus DENKER (Chargé de recherche – INRIA Lille) co-Encadrant Luc FABRESSE (Maître-Assistant – Mines de Douai) Laboratoire(s) d’accueil : Dépt. -
Emoticons All Over Your Essay? It ● Which Ones Do You Like the Most / Least? Why? Looks Ridiculous
StarterStStatarrttteerr A LISTENINGLISTENING 1 Work in pairs.p ai rs. LookLo ok ata t theth e peoplepe op le ini n the picturespi ct ur es and discussdis cuss whatwh at youy ou thinkt hink theirt he ir attitudesa tt it ud es tot o the followingfo ll ow in g mightmigh t be:be : ● personalpe rs on al appearancea pp eara nce ● clothescl ot he s ● cosmeticco sm et ic surgerys ur ge ry Hannah, UK Hiro, Japan Marielena, Venezuela 2 Listen to the interviews from a radio programme. 4 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. Were you right? ● How would you describe young people’s attitudes to appearance, dress and cosmetic surgery in your country? 3 Listen again and answer the following questions. ● How do you think your generation’s attitudes are 1 What does the presenter say about the effect of different from your parents’ or your grandparents’ globalisation on young people around the world? attitudes? 2 What two things does Chris say still influence young ● Would you ever have cosmetic surgery? people’s attitudes to dress and appearance? 3 What does Chris say that young people in the UK have traditionally been? 4 According to Chris, what type of cosmetic surgery has become more popular in Venezuela in recent years? 5 In Japanese working environments, what is expected of employers in terms of dress and appearance? Grammar VOCABULARY People / Travel and GRAMMAR Present perfect presentation adventure simple and continuous 5 Match the words in the box with the definitions. We use the present perfect simple for: events or situations within an unfinished or competitor economist employee unspecified time period. -
“ My Heart Is in the Work.” Businesses
Carnegie Mellon University has been a birthplace of innovation since its founding in 1900. Today, CMU is a global leader bringing groundbreaking ideas to market and creating successful startup “ My Heart is in the Work.” businesses. Our award-winning faculty are renowned for working closely with students to solve major scientific, Andrew Carnegie, Founder technological and societal challenges. We put a strong November 15, 1900 emphasis on creating things — from art to robots. We have become a model for economic development in forming partnerships with companies such as Uber, Google and Disney. Our students are recruited by some of the world’s most innovative companies. 13,961 37% U.S. 63% International Graduate GLOBAL COMMUNITY STUDENTS 77% U.S. 23% International Undergraduate Students representing 109 countries 1,391 87% U.S. 13% International FACULTY Faculty representing 42 countries 105,255+ 89% U.S. 11% International Alumni representing ALUMNI (LIVING) 145 countries # SCHOOL OF # TIME-BASED/ # INFORMATION 1 COMPUTER 1 NEW MEDIA 1 & TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE U.S. News & World Report, 2016 MANAGEMENT U.S. News & World Report, 2014 U.S. News & World Report, 2016 # SCHOOL OF # COLLEGE OF # BEST FOR 2 DRAMA 5 ENGINEERING 10 NEW HIRES1 The Hollywood Reporter, 2017 U.S. News & World Report, 2017 Wall Street Journal, 2010 # AMONG U.S. # UNIVERSITY % OF COMPUTER 17 UNIVERSITIES 24 IN THE WORLD 49.8 SCIENCE’S FIRST- Times Higher Education Times Higher Education YEAR STUDENTS of London, 2017-18 of London, 2017-18 WERE WOMEN IN 2017 Nearly triple the national average 1 The Wall Street Journal’s poll asked recruiters what schools are tops when looking for new hires. -
2015 Meeting of the Minds Program [Pdf]
2 MEETING OF THE MINDS 2015 WELCOME WELCOME TO OUR 20TH MEETING OF THE MINDS. That ‘s right—it is our 20th anniversary and we are especially happy to celebrate this milestone with all of you. Meeting of the Minds is a true campus-wide event that touches all faculty, staff and students who are associated with our university. Twenty years ago, a far-thinking Associate Vice Provost, Barbara Lazarus—joined by an adventuresome graduate of Carnegie Mellon and founding director of the URO, Jessie Ramey— created our campus-wide research symposium aptly named Meeting of the Minds. It started very small with a handful of students. It has grown to be a hallmark of Carnegie Mellon and a model for others. There is a great deal to see and hear today. The abstracts in this booklet provide a good map to begin your journey. Be prepared for the descriptions to come alive in novel and interesting ways. Whether you travel through the poster displays or attend a few oral presentations, watch a performance or contemplate our art installations, you will be dazzled by the diversity and quality of the projects our undergraduates are showcasing. Feel free to visit people you know and those you don’t know. This is a chance to introduce yourself to different academic parts of our campus. There are two important times to keep in mind. At 2:30, President Subra Suresh will deliver a short keynote address in the first floor Kirr Commons area. We will also hold a drawing for participating students for a smart watch and a Fitbit, and make announcements for the final rounds of particular competitions. -
Episodic Memory Representation in a Knowledge Base, with Application to Event Monitoring and Event Detection
Episodic Memory Representation in a Knowledge Base, with Application to Event Monitoring and Event Detection Master’s Thesis Engin C¸ınar S¸ahin Committee Members Scott E. Fahlman Eric Nyberg Stephen F. Smith Language Technologies Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 Abstract The thesis explores the use of a knowledge-based AI system to assist people in executing proce- dures and detecting events in an observed world. We extend the Scone knowledge-base system with open-ended facilities for representing time and events. Then we use this episodic knowledge repre- sentation as the foundation for our event monitoring and event detection algorithms. This approach lets us represent and reason about three fundamental aspects of the observed events: 1. their ontological character and what entities take part in these events (e.g. buying is a kind of transaction that involves an agent, a seller, money and goods) 2. how events change the world over time (e.g. after a buy event the agent has the goods rather than the money) 3. how events may be composed of other subevents (i.e. a buy event may be composed of giving money and receiving goods) We illustrate knowledge-based solutions to the event monitoring problem in the conference organization domain and to the event detection problem in the national security domain. i Acknowledgements First, I would like to thank my advisor Scott Fahlman for letting me learn so much from him. His invaluable experience and constant support helped me go through the ups and downs of research. Working with him, his passion and excitement for knowledge representation and reasoning has passed on to me. -
CLX — Common LISP X Interface
CLX Common LISP X Interface 1988, 1989 Texas Instruments Incorporated Permission is granted to any individual or institution to use, copy, modify and distribute this document, provided that this complete copyright and permission notice is maintained, intact, in all copies and supporting documentation. Texas Instruments Incorporated makes no representations about the suitability of this document or the software described herein for any purpose. It is provided ”as is” without express or implied warranty. CLX Programmer’s Reference i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Primary Interface Author: Robert W. Scheifler MIT Laboratory for Computer Science 545 Technology Square, Room 418 Cambridge, MA 02139 [email protected] Primary Implementation Author: LaMott Oren Texas Instruments PO Box 655474, MS 238 Dallas, TX 75265 [email protected] Design Contributors: Dan Cerys, BBN Scott Fahlman, CMU Kerry Kimbrough, Texas Instruments Chris Lindblad, MIT Rob MacLachlan, CMU Mike McMahon, Symbolics David Moon, Symbolics LaMott Oren, Texas Instruments Daniel Weinreb, Symbolics John Wroclawski, MIT Richard Zippel, Symbolics Documentation Contributors: Keith Cessna, Texas Instruments Kerry Kimbrough, Texas Instruments Mike Myjak LaMott Oren, Texas Instruments Dan Stenger, Texas Instruments The X Window System is a trademark of MIT. UNIX is a trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratories. ULTRIX, ULTRIX–32, ULTRIX–32m, ULTRIX–32w, and VAX/VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. ii CLX Programmer’s Reference CONTENTS Section Title 1 INTRODUCTION TO CLX 2 DISPLAYS 3 SCREENS 4 WINDOWS AND PIXMAPS 5 GRAPHICS CONTEXTS 6 GRAPHIC OPERATIONS 7 IMAGES 8 FONTS AND CHARACTERS 9 COLORS 10 CURSORS 11 ATOMS, PROPERTIES, AND SELECTIONS 12 EVENTS AND INPUT 13 RESOURCES 14 CONTROL FUNCTIONS 15 EXTENSIONS 16 ERRORS A PROTOCOL VS. -
Sexual Abuse at St. George's School and the School's Response: 1970 to 2015
Sexual Abuse at St. George’s School and the School’s Response: 1970 to 2015 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATOR MARTIN F. MURPHY, FOLEY HOAG LLP September 1, 2016 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATOR MARTIN F. MURPHY, FOLEY HOAG LLP TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Summary of Findings ................................................................................................................ 3 Two St. George’s ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Faculty and Staff Abusers in the 1970s and 1980s: A Brief Summary ........................................................ 4 William Lydgate............................................................................................................................................. 4 Timothy Tefft ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Rev. Howard White........................................................................................................................................ 4 Alphonse “Al” Gibbs ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Franklin Coleman ......................................................................................................................................... -
Download Introduction to LISP and Symbol Manipulation, Sharam
Introduction to LISP and symbol manipulation, Sharam Hekmatpour, Prentice Hall, 1988, 0134861922, 9780134861920, 303 pages. DOWNLOAD HERE Lisp , Paul M. Chirlian, 1986, Computers, 303 pages. The new UCI LISP manual , James Richard Meehan, Jun 1, 1979, Computers, 366 pages. Lisp machine manual , Richard Stallman, Daniel Weinreb, David Moon, 1984, Computers, 859 pages. LISP, the language of artificial intelligence , A. A. Berk, 1985, Computers, 160 pages. Common LISP A Gentle Introduction to Symbolic Computation, David S. Touretzky, 2013, Computers, 600 pages. Highly accessible treatment covers cons cell structures, evaluation rules, programs as data, recursive and applicable programming styles. Nearly 400 illustrations, answers to .... The T programming language a dialect of LISP, Stephen Slade, 1987, Computers, 425 pages. An Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp , Robert J. Chassell, Jan 1, 2004, , 289 pages. Introduction to ADA , Paul M. Chirlian, 1984, Computers, 291 pages. Has Been Written Easy Enough for the Beginner to Understand, Yet Comprehensive Enough for the Experienced Programmer. Includes Programs & Exercises. Syntactic extensions in the programming language LISP , Eugene Edmund Kohlbecker, 1986, Computers, 216 pages. The programmer's introduction to LISP , Ward Douglas Maurer, 1972, Computers, 112 pages. It's simply a WONDERFUL title on LISP. I got the opportunity to work on Lisp firstly during my Graduate, then during Doctoral Studies, both at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, and finally while teaching graduate students of Computer Science at Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India, where I used this book as the main text book in the classroom. The book is very lucid, precise, and includes meaningful exercises and projects at the end of each chapter. -
Lisp.Qxd 17/10/05 12:42 Página 46
46-49 lisp.qxd 17/10/05 12:42 Página 46 Ciencia e investigación Un lenguaje de casi 50 años de historia LLiisspp ((II)) David Arroyo Menéndez, José E. Marchesi finanzas, y también en la educación en ingeniería informática y, por supuesto, en investigación. Lisp es una familia de lenguajes de El nombre Lisp viene de “Procesamiento de Listas”. La estructura de datos de listas y las primitivas para programación con una larga historia. manejarlas son el denominador común de todos los Desarrollado originalmente como una dialectos Lisp, como ya explicaremos más adelante. Otras características comunes de los dialectos Lisp implementación de un modelo incluyen el tipado dinámico, el soporte a la progra- computacional, rápidamente se mación funcional y la habilidad para manejar códi- go fuente como datos. convirtió en el lenguaje favorito para Los lenguajes Lisp tienen una apariencia rápida- hacer investigación en el ámbito de la mente reconocible. El código del programa es escri- to usando la misma sintaxis de listas: la sintaxis de inteligencia artificial. S-expressions. Cada subexpresión en un programa (o estructura de datos) está rodeada con paréntesis. Lisp ha sido pionero en el uso de estructuras de árbol Esto hace que los lenguajes Lisp sean fáciles de par- (S-Expressions), recolección de basura, intérpretes y sear y también de metaprogramar, esto es, crear pro- programación funcional. Hoy dialectos Lisp son usa- gramas que escriben otros programas. Esta es la dos en muchos campos, desde el desarrollo web a las mayor razón para su gran popularidad en los años 70 y 80; los programadores de inteligencia artificial Tabla 1.