VOLUME ONE BY MALIN PALSSON COMPENDIUM

EDITED BY THGC PUBLISHING (Stephen L. Kling, Jr.)

IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME ONE

THGC PUBLISHING, a division of The Historical Game Company, LLC: St. Louis, Missouri 63141 (2015) THGC Publishing is a division of The Historical Game Company, LLC and was established to publish history that is not readily accessible to English speaking people. In its initial publication it worked closely with authors, academics and other experts in several European countries and this publication would not have been possible without their gracious assistance.

Copyright. This publication is published and edited by THGC Publishing, a division of The Historical Game Company, LLC, and is copyright 2015 with all rights reserved. Copyrights to individual articles and chapters, and to art, illustrations, images and photographs, are the property of their creators or owners, as the case may be, and they retain their rights to the fullest extent allowed by law and as not otherwise restricted pursuant to contracts with the publisher. Newly commissioned art is subject to a license which contains restrictions on reuse in favor of the publisher. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the consent of all applicable copyright holders and licensees. Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders of images, but in some cases this proved impossible especially with such a broad international topic. While much of the period art is well beyond the copyright laws of the involved countries, extra effort was made to note the author or owner as well as the location of the art or image where known. The images used in this publication consist of a lot of new art and illustrations especially commissioned for this publication but also include museum art, public domain art, purchased image rights art and author art plus some author and Wikimedia photographs of objects and locations. The editor and publisher apologize for any unwitting case of copyright transgressions. Articles and the opinions expressed therein do not necessarily represent the views of the editor or the publisher.

THGC Publishing, a division of The Historical Game Company, LLC- Editor and Publisher, Stephen L. Kling, Jr., President

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ISBN: 978-0-9964557-0-1 (Volume One) Printed in the United States of America

Publisher's Cataloging-In-Publication Data (Prepared by The Donohue Group, Inc.)

Great Northern War Compendium / edited by THGC Publishing.

2 volumes : color illustrations, maps, charts ; cm

Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN: 978-0-9964557-7-0 (set) ISBN: 978-0-9964557-0-1 (v.1) ISBN: 978-0-9964557-3-2 (v.2)

1. Charles XII, King of , 1682–1718. 2. Peter I, Emperor of , 1672–1725. 3. Northern War, 1700–1721. 4. Sweden--History-- Charles XII, 1697–1718. 5. Europe--History--1648–1789. I. THGC Publishing.

DL733 .G74 2015 948.5/0345

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015953958

Credit: Art on front and back covers by Mitchell Nolte; Design on front and back covers by Olga Kovaleva CONTENTS (VOLUME ONE)

iii. CONTRIBUTORS 101 POLISH-LITHUANIAN 217 THE BATTLE OF KALISZ 1706 ix. PREFACE AND PANCERNI OF THE Zbigniew Chmiel ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS GREAT NORTHERN WAR xiii. CHRONOLOGY Dariusz T. Wielec 225 THE BULAVIN REBELLION 1707–08 111 THE BATTLE OF 1700 1 A COLLISION OF NORTHERN Steve Kling GIANTS Katarzyna Wagner Einar Lyth and Steve Kling 231 ON THE ROAD TO MOSCOW: 119 THE BATTLE OF THE DUNA THE BATTLE OF HOLOWCZYN 11 AN OVERVIEW OF SWEDISH RIVER CROSSING IN 1701 1708 TACTICS IN THE GREAT Steve Kling Nick Dorrell NORTHERN WAR Einar Lyth 127 THE PASSIONS OF AUGUSTUS 241 ’S THE STRONG OF SAXONY "COSSACK FIST" DURING THE 15 THE DANO-NORWEGIAN ARMY Steve Kling SWEDISH INVASION IN THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR Sergey Ivaniuk Kjeld Hald Galster 133 THE SWEDISH ARMY OF THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR 245 THE SAXON ARMY IN THE 25 THE FIRST FORAY: THE LANDING Orjan Martinsson GREAT NORTHERN WAR AT HUMLEBAEK 1700 Alexander Querengasser Steve Kling 149 THE SWEDISH OCCUPATION OF VILNIUS AND EASTER DAY BATTLE 255 THE HORSE MASTER, 31 THE LITHUANIAN CIVIL WAR Gintautas Sliesoriunas SWEDISH MARSHAL CARL AND THE RESULTING SWEDISH- GUSTAV REHNSKIOLD SAPIEHA RELATIONS 159 THE BATTLE OF KLISZOW 1702 Steve Kling Gregory Szymborski Alexander Querengasser 261 THE BATTLE OF LESNAYA 1708 41 THE ARMY OF HOLSTEIN- Einar Lyth GOTTORP IN THE GREAT 165 OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN WAR THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR 271 HIS MAJESTY’S TALENTED Boris Megorsky Steve Kling SUBJECT: THE LIFE AND FORTUNES OF POUL VENDELBOE 45 SWEDISH FORTIFICATIONS 173 THE BATTLE OF PONIEC DE LOVENORN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE (PUNITZ) 1704 Jens Kristian Boll GREAT NORTHERN WAR Damian Plowy Ulf Sundberg 275 THE BATTLE OF KONIECPOL 179 THE RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN IN 1708 61 SAXON GENERAL JOHANN COURLAND IN 1705 Lukasz Pabich MATTHIAS SCHULENBURG Vladimir Velikanov and Sergei Steve Kling Mekhnev 287 SWEDEN’S COSSACK ALLIES DURING THE GREAT NORTHERN 67 PETER THE GREAT AND HIS 193 CHAPLAINS AND PASTORAL WAR DOOR TO THE WEST CARE IN THE SWEDISH ARMY Steve Kling Helen Lashbrook David Gudmundsson

294 THE FORTIFICATIONS AND 87 FIGHTING DURING LOGISTICS: 197 WARSAW, FRAUSTADT AND SIEGE OF POLTAVA THE SWEDISH EXPERIENCE THE GRAND PLAN TO CRUSH

Magnus Perlestam CHARLES XII Sergey Ivaniuk and Steve Kling Oskar Sjostrom and Steve Kling 93 THE ONCE GLORIOUS AND 299 INDEX POWERFUL POLISH-LITHUANIAN 211 STANISLAUS LESZCZYNKSI: COMMONWEALTH ARMY A CONTROVERSIAL KING Michal Paradowski Urszula Kosinska CONTRIBUTORS (VOLUMES ONE AND TWO)

KARIN ADAHL. Karin Adahl is an Associate Professor in JENS AUER. Jens Auer is an Associate Professor at the art history at Uppsala University and an art historian. She is Maritime Archaeology Programme, University of Southern also the director of the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul. Denmark. He specializes in shipwreck archaeology. In his Adahl received her PhD from Uppsala University in 1981. master thesis and later also in his PhD, Auer focused on the She was a docent in art history at Uppsala University in 1990, archaeology and history of small warships in the Danish navy Professor h.c. at the Latvian Academy of Arts in 1995, and between 1650 and 1750. One of his recent fieldwork projects Curator of Islamic Art at the Museum of Mediterranean and included the excavation and analysis of the Swedish man-of- Near Eastern Antiquities (Medelhavsmuseet) in Stockholm war Prinsessa Hedvig Sophia, which was lost during the Great from 1989 to 2009 (on leave from 2003 to 2008). From 1989 to Northern War. 1995 she was a senior research fellow at the Swedish Research Council for Humanities and director of the Swedish Research GORAN BJORKMAN. Goran Bjorkman is an economist Institute in Istanbul from 2003 to 2008. Her publications who has worked at several Swedish banks, including the include the following: A Khamsa of Nizami of 1439 (diss.), Central Bank of Sweden. He is also the partner and co-founder Orientalismen i svensk konst, 1990; Islamic Art in SubSaharan of Three Crowns Game Productions, a Swedish historical Africa, Uppsala 1995; Islamic Art Collections. An International gaming company with a website at www.3cg.se. Bjorkman is Survey, London 2000; Sverige och den islamiska världen – ett the co-designer of several games: “With Sword and Shield;” svenskt kulturarv, Stockholm 2002; Minnet av Konstantinopel, “Pax Baltica,” a strategic game on the Great Northern War; Stockholm 2003; and The Sultan´s Procession, Istanbul 2006. and “A Throne Vacant,” a strategic game on the War of the Adahl’s exhibition catalogue publications include the following: Spanish Succession. He has studied the Great Northern War Persisk konst i Sverige, National Museum, Stockholm 1973; since his early teens and closely follows the latest archeological Islam Konst och kultur (Islam. Art and Culture), Stockholm investigations of the war’s historic battlefields. 1985; and Orientmattan i Sverige, Medelhavsmuseet, 1998. She has also written a great number of articles on Islamic art JENS KRISTIAN BOLL. Jens Kristian Boll lives in Aarhus, collections in Sweden and Orientalist painting, Denmark. He graduated from Aarhus University with a Master DAN H. ANDERSEN. Dan H. Andersen is a freelance writer of Arts in Scandinavian Literature and Language and in and historian based in , Denmark. He holds a Religion. Later he received a PhD in Divinity. Boll has worked PhD from Copenhagen University and European University as a teacher at the Adult Education Centres of Hadsund, Institute, Florence. Andersen has interests in Danish- Hobro, Aars, Aalborg and on the island of Samsoe and as a Norwegian shipping in the Mediterranean from 1747 to 1807. lecturer at the University Extension of Aarhus. Since 2005 he In addition to novels and plays, he has published material has been a Museum Assistant and reenactor at the Danish on eighteenth century history, Nazism, conspiracy theories, open-air living history museum Den Gamle By in Aarhus, and secret societies. His 2004 biography of Peter Wessel where he embodies the town's genial Lutheran vicar, Johannes Tordenskiold, Mandsmod og kongegunst, has been praised as Bramer. Boll is a founding member of the Danish role-playing an important reassessment of the iconic naval hero from the society Fasta and the Viking reenactment artisan/warrior Great Northern War. Andersen maintains a website at http:// group Brimir, and he is also a regular writer for the Danish www.danhandersen.dk, which contains further information magazine of Military history Chakoten and for the magazine regarding his publications and activities with the Tordenskiold Legetøjssamleren (The Toy Collector). He enthusiast of military Festival, the largest historical maritime festival in Scandinavia. minatures and historical war games.

EKATERINA ANDREEVA. Ekaterina Andreeva is a MICHAEL BREGNSBO. Michael Bregnsbo is PhD and senior curator at the Russian State Hermitage Museum in associate professor of history at the University of Southern St. Petersburg, department of the Menshikov Palace. She is Denmark at Odense. His fields of research interests are the author of more than forty scientific articles and three concentrated on early modern and 19th century Danish, monographies including: The Birth of St. Petersburg, The case Scandinavian and European political history and history of of Alexander Danovich Menshikov, Investigation and Exile political ideas. He is particularly interested in state building 1727–1729; The St. Petersburg Resien of Alexander Danovich and Danish colonial history and has among a number of books Menshikov in the first half of the Eighteenth Century. and articles published (together with Kurt Villads Jensen): Andreeva received her PhD from St. Petersburg University. Det danske imperium. Storhed og fald (The Danish Empire: She was born into a family of historians and specializes in the Greatness and Fall) (Copenhagen: Aschehoug, 2004). history of Russia during the reign of Peter the Great. iii ZBIGNIEW CHMIEL. Zbigniew Chmiel is a PhD student at Campaign (1711) and Marlborough’s Other Army: The British the Institute of History, University of Warsaw. His dissertation Army and the First Peninsula War 1702–1712 (forthcoming in focuses on changes in Polish army from 1648 to 1654. Chmiel 2015). Dorrell is also an active gamer and has written two sets also received his MA in Political Science from the University of rules covering this period, along with a number of scenarios of Warsaw. His fields of interest include political and military and articles on gaming the war. history of 17th and 18th century Poland. CHRISTOPHER FLAHERTY. Christopher Flaherty has COSTEL COROBAN. Costel Coroban is a historian, a PhD from The University of Melbourne and now lives in London. He has long-term interests in military history, militaria philologist and political scientist specializing in British, collecting, curation, preservation, and research. He has written Scandinavian and Romanian history. He is known for his extensively on World War I Ottoman-Turkish military history work on cultural and social aspects of foreign policy; especially as well as earlier Ottoman military periods. Since 2009, he has an original research on Scottish women hospitals in Romania authored and illustrated more than 30 articles for the magazines during World War I. Coroban is currently researcher at the The Armourer, Classic Arms & Militaria, and Soldiers of the Valahia University contributing to the project Utopia versus Queen Journal. Recently, he co-authored alongside Bruno realism in Romania’s foreign policy from World War I to 1975 Mugnai Der Lange Turkenkrieg (1593–1606) Vol. 1 [Long Turkish and Europe from a peripheral perspective, 19th–20th centuries. War - Habsburgs Arrest the Ottoman Advance] (Soldiers & He has already published several volumes (in 2011, The Weapons 024, Soldiershop Publishing, 2014). Flaherty has also Jacobite Movement, published in Romanian; in 2012, The Grey published through Partizan Press The Ottoman Imperial Army Partridges: The Scottish Women's Hospitals in Romania during in the First World War: A Handbook of Uniforms (2014) and World War I; in 2013, Britain and Charles XII of Sweden, Turkish Uniforms of the Crimean War: A Handbook of Uniforms 1709–1719, published in English) and research articles (Including Ottoman Cossacks; Ottoman Police; Egyptian; published in international and national scientific journals. In Tunisian; and Anglo-Turkish Contingents). He maintains a 2012, the Romanian National Archives awarded him the Best website at http://www.ottoman-uniforms.com, where he has Researcher distinction, while in 2014 the Romanian Academy illustrated and documented extensively the uniforms of Ottoman awarded him the A. D. Xenopol prize for historical research. armies from the age of Suleiman until the empire’s end in 1923. Coroban is currently the editorial secretary of the Romanian Journal of Baltic and Nordic Studies. KARL-ERIK FRANDSEN. Karl-Erik Frandsen was an associate professor at Saxo Institute, Department of History BRIAN DAVIES. Brian Davies is a professor of history, at the University of Copenhagen from 1967–2012. For many specializing in Russian history at the University of Texas at San years he was elected Head of Department or Director of Antonio. He holds a BA, MA, and PhD from The University of Studies. Frandsen is the author of many books and articles, and Chicago. He has additional research interests in early modern recently is the author of The Last Plague in the Baltic Region, European, Ottoman, and central Asian history. Davies has 1709–1713 (Museum Tusculanum Press 2010). His research published three monographs: State Power and Community in interests include the agriculture of Denmark and the history of Early Modern Russia (London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2004); Copenhagen, 1500–1860. Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700 KJELD HALD GALSTER. (Routledge, 2007); and Empire and Military Revolution in Kjeld Hald Galster is an Eastern Europe (Continuum, 2011). He also edited the volume independent military historian specializing in seventeenth to Warfare in Eastern Europe, 1500–1800 (Brill, 2011) and twenty-first century military history. He has also published numerous articles and publications on the subject. He holds contributed two chapters to The Cambridge History of Russia a PhD from the University of Copenhagen and a MA from Volume One: From Early Rus' to 1689 (Cambridge University the Royal Military College of Canada. Galster is also a retired Press, 2006). military officer, having served as senior military adviser to the Danish Delegation to the Organization for Security and NICHOLAS (NICK) DORRELL. Nicholas Dorrell is a Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) in Vienna. lecturer living and working in the United Kingdom. He has a BA in History and War Studies from the University of MICHAEL GLAESER. Michael Glaeser holds a MA in Wolverhampton. He has written extensively on Great Northern early modern history from The University of Sheffield in War and other subjects. These include numerous articles and England. He currently teaches history at the University of contributions to other works. His works include The Dawn New Hampshire at Manchester where he is planning to debut of the Tsarist Empire: Poltava and the Russian campaigns of a new course, The Warrior Kings of Sweden, in 2015. He 1708–1709 (2009) and the forthcoming The Humbling of Peter keeps a history blog at http://blogging4history.blogspot.co.uk. the Great: The Russian Ottoman War of 1711.Recently he Glaeser also gave a lecture on Charles XII at his alma mater. has also published works on the War of Spanish Succession, The lecture can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/user/ Marlborough’s Last Chance in Spain: The 1710 Spanish ISmplyWalkIntoMordor.

iv DAVID GUDMUNDSSON. David Gudmundsson is a Doctor Polish King Augustus II the Strong (1697–1733) in the context of Theology in Church history at the Centre for Theology and of European history and the history of diplomacy. These Religious Studies, Lund University, Sweden. In his dissertation include the Polish and Saxon relations with Russia, Prussia, he studied preaching and prayer in the Swedish army 1611– Austria, to a lesser extent England or France. They provide 1721. In 2015 he was awarded the Royal Swedish Academy the basis for research into the causes of the multilateral crisis of Letters, History and Antiquities’ prize for distinguished of Polish - Lithuanian Republic in the eighteenth century and doctoral dissertations. Current research projects involve the the genesis of the partitions of Poland. The most important cathedral chapter of the diocese of Lund 1658–1710, and the publications (monographs): Sejm 1719–20 a sprawa ratyfikacji Swedish engagement in the Nine Years’ War 1688–1697. traktatu wiedeńskiego [Parliament of 1719–1720 and the problem of ratification the Treaty of Vienna], Warsaw 2003;Sondaż czy SERGEY IVANIUK. Sergey Ivaniuk obtained his MA in prowokacja? Sprawa Lehmanna z 1721 r., czyli o rzekomych history from Volgograd State University and is a lieutenant planach rozbiorowych Augusta II [Sounding or provocation? The colonel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. case Lehmann’s affair from 1721– about the so called Augustus He is a frequent contributor to the journal The History of II partition plans], Warsaw 2009; August II w poszukiwaniu Military Affairs: research and sources, published in the Russian sojusznika. Między aliansem wiedeńskim i hanowerskim (1725– Federation. His primary research interests involve the battle 1730) [Augustus II in search of an ally: Between Alliances of and fortifications of Poltava and the history of the left bank of Vienna and Hanover (1725–1730)], Warsaw 2012. the Ukraine area. HELEN LASHBROOK. Helen Lashbrook is an author from JUSSI JALONEN. Jussi Jalonen holds a PhD and is a military the United Kingdom. She has a MBA and spends her free historian from the University of Tampere in Finland. He time writing about the lesser-known characters that abound specializes in the history of Finnish soldiers who have fought in history. She maintains a blog aptly titled, “Eclectic Potted in foreign conflicts. His first book, the psychological biography Histories” at www.wolfgang20.blogspot.co.uk. Wounded Knight: the Life of Jäger Colonel Eino Polón, Knight of the Mannerheim Cross, was well received by critics. He EINAR LYTH. Einar Lyth is the co-author of Vägen till Poltava wrote his doctoral thesis on Finnish soldiers of the Russian with Russian historian Pavel Konovaltjuk and has written Imperial Guard, who participated in the suppression of the several articles and books on military history. He served as a Polish Uprising in November 1831. His latest book, Volunteers, consultant and fact-checker for the book Poltava 1709 using covers the stories of Finnish volunteers who served in several decade long research and has also recently published new foreign conflicts during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. research on the Swedish-Russian-British military cooperation In addition to military history, Jalonen studied modern- in 1812. Lyth is a retired brigadier of the Swedish General Staff day extreme right-wing movements and has given several and a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences. interviews on the topic. He is the vice chairman of The Finnish In 2008, he and Pavel Konovaltjuk were honored guests Death Studies Association. He contributed regularly to the to commemorate the Battle of Lesnaya at an international Polish weekly Tygodnik Powszechny, and his published work conference where they submitted a paper for publication. Lyth also appears extensively in international academic journals. also was invited to The Poltava Battle History Museum in 2009 to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the battle. STEPHEN L. KLING, JR. (STEVE KLING) Steve Kling is a practicing attorney who has a MS in finance and a JD from ORJAN MARTINSSON. Orjan Martinsson is a long- St. Louis University. He is the president and managing partner standing student and maintains an unrivaled and extensive of Jenkins & Kling, P.C. law firm in St. Louis, Missouri. He has website on battles and uniforms of the Great Northern War. been recognized in Best Lawyers in America for over a decade He is constantly adding content to his website, which can be and has published many articles in his areas of expertise. Kling found at www.tacitus.nu/gnw/battles/index.htm. Additionally, is an active military history reader and researcher with an Martinsson maintains a blog in Swedish on various issues and avid and long-standing interest in the Great Northern War. news about the Great Northern War, which can be found at He formed his own historical game design and publishing http://blogg.tacitus.nu. company, The Historical Game Company, LLC, with a website at www.thehistoricalgamecompany.com. He is also the game BORIS V. MEGORSKY. Boris V. Megorsky lives in Saint designer of Fields of Battle, Volume 1: The Great Northern War, Petersburg, Russia, and holds a MA in public administration which was designed in conjunction with this publication. and a PhD in political science. He is an independent scholar of military history of Russia in the years of the Great Northern URSZULA KOSINSKA. Urszula Kosinska is an assistant War and a frequent author for The History of Military Affairs: professor at the Institute of History, Warsaw University research and sources journal, regularly published in the (Poland). She holds a PhD from the same University. Her Russian Federation. Megorsky’s main areas of interest are siege primary research interests are in the foreign policy of the warfare, field tactics, and everyday life of the period. He is v also a member of re-enactment society Preobrazhenski Life and related warfare. Paradowski is part of design team for "By Guard Regiment, 1709, which re-creates uniforms, equipment, Fire and Sword" miniature wargame published by the Polish and battle exercises of the Russian from the time of company Wargamer, which game system recreates battles of Peter the Great, whose website is located at http://www.peter. the 17th century between the armies of the Polish-Lithuanian petrobrigada.ru/index_e.htm. Commonwealth and Sweden, the Ottoman Empire and many other Eastern and Northern European countries. He also SERGEI MEKHNEV. Sergei Mekhnev was born in 1958. maintains a blog (in Polish) at http://kadrinazi.blogspot.co.uk He served as Naval Officer on Soviet submarines from 1979 where he writes about Polish military history from the 16th to until 1991. Later he sailed as Deck Officer and Captain in the the 18th century. merchant navy until 2008. Currently he is working as manager of a shipping company in Riga, Latvia. His main interests of MAGNUS PERLESTAM. Magnus Perlestam is an associate study are of local military history of the Baltic provinces during professor of history at Mid Sweden University in Sundsvall, the 17th and 18th centuries. Sweden. He obtained his PhD in 1998 and has thereafter written extensively about the era of Charles XII, both on ALEXEY MELNOV. Alexey Melnov lives in Vyborg, Russia. military values and other military topics with a “bottom-up” He graduated from the Russian Customs Academy, faculty of approach. Perlestam’s article in this publication is based on law, in 2012. Melnov is currently finishing his PhD studies at a longer and more detailed article published in Karolinska Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, in St. Petersburg Forbundets Arsbok in 2011. and is currently working on a dissertation on the subject of the Great Northern War in Karelia. He an active re-enactor DAMIAN PLOWY. Damian Plowy is a doctoral candidate of Great Northern War military history and is the head of the of History at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, reenactment club "Vyborg’s garrison 1710." Poland. Now he lives in a small town near Poniec in eastern Wielkopolska in Poland. Plowy specializes in military history BENGT NILSSON. Bengt Nilsson is a frequent fact-reviewer of modern Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, of books on the Great Northern War and a noted researcher particularly the military history of the Polish-Lithuanian of the historical archives focusing on many interesting aspects Commonwealth and the modern (especially of the war. He documents his research in a scholarly blog at the Swedish army during the Great Northern War). Plowy has http://members.tripod.com/bengt_nilsson/blog. Nilsson also published three monographs: From Konstantynow to Pilawce: was an honored guest who submitted a paper for publication Military operations in Ukraine from June to September 1648 at an international conference at a museum in Poltava to (Zabrze, Infort Editions, 2012); The Battle of Poniec, November commemorate the 300th anniversary of the battle. 7, 1704 (Zabrze – Tarnowskie Góry, Infort Editions, 2013); and From Poniec to Bełcz Wielki (Zabrze – Tarnowskie Góry, 2014). LUKASZ PABICH. Lukasz Pabich is a doctoral candidate of He has written extensively about the Great Northern War, history at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland. including Swedish officers and related local Polish history, in He lives in Częstochowa, where he works in the Department several published articles. of History of the Czestochowa Museum. Pabich specializes in military history of modern Europe in the seventeenth and ALEXANDER QUERENGASSER. Alexander Querengasser eighteenth centuries, particularly the military history of the served one year in the German Navy before studying history. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Pabich has published He holds a BA and MA from Leipzig University and is now two monographs: Zenta 11 XI 1697 (Zabrze – Tarnowskie completing his PhD about the Saxon Army in the Great Góry, Infort Editions, 2012) and The Battle of Koniecpol, 21 Northern War at the University of Potsdam. Additionally, November 1708 (Zabrze – Tarnowskie Góry, Infort Editions, Querengasser is a freelance historian who has worked for 2014). He has written extensively about the Great Northern numerous German magazines as well as the Zeughaus Verlag, War, including Russian victories: Great Northern War Battles which published his books, Die Armee Augustus des Starken im (1700–1721) on Russian medals from the collection of the Großen Nordischen Krieg and Feldmarschall Pappenheim. Museum of Częstochowa (Part I: “Little war” 1700–1704; Part II: From Kronstadt to Poltava 1705–1709) and related local history: SERGEY SHAMENKOV. Sergey Shamenkov is a graduate Monastery of Jasna Góra against the Swedish threat during the of the Odessa Art School and the Lviv Academy of Arts. He is Great Northern War in the years 1702–1710. a frequent author of articles on uniforms and clothing worn during the Great Northern War, particularly those worn by MICHAL PARADOWSKI. Michal Paradowski is an Cossack troops. Shamenkov is also a well known illustrator of independent Polish researcher, who currently lives in the United uniforms during the period. He is the founder and director of Kingdom. His main field of interest is 17th century European VIC “Enchepingsky Infantry Regiment,” Hetman musketeers. warfare, especially Polish, Lithuanian and Swedish armies His research interests are in civil and military costume of the

vi Ukraine, Russia, Polish-Lithuanian and Sweden of the 16th- other books. As his interest are mainly in the seventeenth 18th centuries. and eighteenth centuries many of his books cover this period and include coverage on the Austrian, Saxon and Prussian ALEXEY SHKVAROV. Alexey Shkvarov holds a MS in armies of the seventeenth century and the Austrian, Prussian engineering from St. Petersburg Military Engineering- and Saxon armies of the Napoleonic Wars. In 2015 he will be Technical University, a PhD in philosophy from the University publishing the Prussian Musketeers of the Seven Years War of Helsinki, and a PhD in history from St. Petersburg and the Prussian Fusiliers of the Seven Years War in separate State University. He authored several articles and lectured volumes. Later in 2015 and in early 2016 Summerfield will be extensively on the topic of Russian Cossacks. Shkvarov is also a releasing the following books: A Prelude to Waterloo, Sir John frequent writer on topics involving Russia and the province of Moore and the Universal Soldier, the Hanoverian Army of the Finland in the early twentieth century. Seven Years War and Origins of the 95th Rifles.

OSKAR SJOSTROM. Oskar Sjostrom is a university student ULF SUNDBERG. Ulf Sundberg holds a MA in Nordic and lecturer in history at Stockholm University and is currently history from Abo Academy University, Finland. He has written working on his PhD. For several years, Sjostrom has been a Medeltidens svenska krig (Medieval Swedish Wars) (Stockholm museum educator at the Swedish Army Museum in Stockholm. 1999), Svenska krig 1521–1814 (Swedish Wars 1521–1814) He has published several books and articles about the Great (Stockholm 1998) and Svenska freder och stillestand 1249–1814 Northern War, notably Fraustadt 1706 – Ett fält färgat rött (Swedish Peace Treaties and Truces 1249–1814) (Stockholm (Fraustadt 1706, A Field Dyed Red) which was critically acclaimed 1997). Sundberg has further written for example Stockholms and has been published in Swedish and Polish. He has written Blodbad (The Stockholm Blood Bath) (Lund 2005),Slaget om extensively about the Great Northern War including articles on Staket 1719 (The Battle for Staket 1719) (Lund 2006) andA the battles of Warsaw, Posen and Punitz (Poniec) and is a frequent Short Guide to British Battleships in World War II (Stockholm writer and columnist in several historical magazines. Additional 2008). He is also a graduate from Stockholm School of information about Fraustadt can be found on Sjostrom’s blog at: Economics and a lieutenant in the Swedish Navy Reserve. http://blogg.fraustadt.se/#home. Presently, Sundberg is working on a thesis dealing with Swedish defensive fortress warfare in the Great Northern War, GINTAUTAS SLIESORIUNAS. Gintautas Sliesoriunas is a also at Abo Academy University, Finland. member of the Department of the History of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Lithuanian Institute of History (Vilnius). His GREGORY SZYMBORSKI. Gregory Szymborski currently sphere of scholarly interests is the political and social history of studies law at the University of Warsaw. He is the author Lithuania in the 17th and 18th centuries and in particular the of some popular history articles and stories about Polish- Civil War in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the end of 17th Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 2013 Szymborski published his and the beginning of 18th centuries. He obtained his PhD in first historical novelWolność niejedno ma imię (Freedom Has 1997. In 2000, he published a monography about the struggle of Many Names). He is currently working on a second book that magnate factions in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on the eve is going to be published in 2015, The Expedition of Frederick of the Civil War (Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė vidaus karo August I to Livland in 1700–1701 in the Light of Lithuanian išvakarėse: didikų grupuočių kova 1690–1697 metais, Vilnius, Civil War. He is also interested in historical re-enactment. 2000). He is the author of many articles on the history of Lithuania in XVII–XVIII century, such as: Changes in attitudes VLADIMIR VELIKANOV. Vladimir Velikanov currently towards Russia among the Lithuanian–Polish elite at the turn of lives and works in Moscow, Russia. He has a keen interest the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Lithuanian Historical in the history of Eastern European military organizations Studies, vol. 9, Vilnius, 2006, p. 1–18; The first occupation of from1650 through 1730, especially those of Russia and the Vilnius during the Great Northern War, Lithuanian Historical Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Velikanov has written more Studies, vol. 14, 2009, Vilnius, 2010, p. 71–104. Recently he than 20 articles on the Russian army in the Great Northern prepared the 6 vol. of Lithuanian History (Lietuvos istorija War 1700–1721. He maintains an often updated and detailed (1588–1733), kn. 6, Vilnius), forthcoming in the 2015. blog on 17th and 18th century Russian military history at rusmilhist.blogspot.com. STEPHEN SUMMERFIELD. Stephen Summerfield inherited his father’s fascination for history and technology. KATARZYNA WAGNER. Katarzyna Wagner is a doctoral After obtaining his PhD in Chemistry in 1993, he turned candidate in Early Modern History at the University of Warsaw. his attention to writing, illustrating and researching military Her research interests include Polish-Swedish relations in the history. He is a Fellow of Loughborough University, Principal 17th–18th centuries. She is also the author of Pervye voennye Chemical Regulatory Consultant and editor of the Smoothbore deistvia Velikoi Severnoj voiny ili chto predshestvovalo bitve pod Ordnance Journal (SOJ) published by Ken Trotman. He has Narvoy (1700), v svete pol'skoi i shvedskoj istoriografij,“Codrul written over 40 books and designed/laid-out/edited over 100 Cosminului” Vol. XXX, No.2. (2013).V vii MAREK WAGNER. Marek Wagner, PhD, is a professor at the Institute of History of the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, Poland. He is the author of nearly 200 scientific articles and reference works published in Polish and foreign journals and 14 monographs on the history of the military in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Wagner has published, among others, monographs — Crown army staff officer in the second half of the seventeenth century,Torun 1992; Kliszow 1702, Oswiecim Warsaw 1994 and 2013; Stanislaw Jabłonowski (1634–1702): policies and commander, v.1–2, Siedlce 1997; Studies in the History of the reign of King John III Sobieski (1684–1696), Siedlce 2002; Polish-Turkish War in the years 1672–1676, t.1–2, Zabrze 2009; Biographical Dictionary of Polish officers the second half of the seventeenth century,tI–II, Oswiecim 2013–2014; Żwaniecka 1684 campaign., Warsaw 2013. He is the editor in chief of “Studia Historyczno-Wojskowe.”

DARIUSZ T. WIELEC (DARIOS VIELETZ). Dariusz Wielec was born in a small town in Poland that 210 years ago that was pillaged by the during the war. He currently lives and works in the US. Wielec was educated both in Poland and the US, holds a B.A in History from College at Purchase (senior thesis — Shawnee military confederacies of 1773–95) and a J.D. from CUNY School of Law. He studied studio arts at Art Students League and Hunter College in NYC and horse breeding and management at SUNY Morrisville, NY. Wielec is an active reenactor, hunter and archer with a recurved bow and an avid horseman. He has been actively conducting research into the equestrian aspects of warfare, Polish history, American Indians, Central Asia and ancient Persia for many years. His blog on equestrian history and his other interests can be found at dariocaballeros.blogspot.com.

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