Treaty Over the Teacups

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Treaty Over the Teacups Treaty Over the Teacups: An exploration of Teacher Educators’ understandings and application of the provisions of the Treaty of Waitangi at the University of Canterbury, College of Education. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Education in the University of Canterbury by Robyn A. Stark University of Canterbury 2014 Table of Contents Table of Figures .......................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................ iii Abstract ................................................................................................................iv Glossary ................................................................................................................ v Chapter 1: Background and Purpose of this Thesis ...................................... 6 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6 Contextual Backdrop Framing the Research ............................................................................... 6 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................................... 9 Overview of this Research ........................................................................................................ 10 Structure of this Thesis .............................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 2: Perspectives from the Literature ................................................ 12 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................................. 12 Part One: Theoretical Perspectives ........................................................................................... 12 Bronfenbrenner’s ecology of human development approach. ............. 12 Critical theory literature. ........................................................................ 15 Part Two: The Treaty of Waitangi / Te Tiriti o Waitangi ......................................................... 16 The changing status of the Treaty. ........................................................ 16 The Treaty and education in New Zealand. .......................................... 19 Contested notions of biculturalism. ....................................................... 22 The Treaty and Initial Teacher Education (ITE) ....................................................................... 24 Curriculum decision-making. ................................................................ 27 Culturally responsive practice. .............................................................. 28 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 30 Chapter 3: Research Methodology ............................................................... 31 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 31 Qualitative Methodology........................................................................................................... 31 Grounded Theory ...................................................................................................................... 31 Part One: Data Collection ......................................................................................................... 32 Literature. ............................................................................................... 32 Interviews. .............................................................................................. 32 Selection of participants. ....................................................................... 33 Ethical considerations. ........................................................................... 34 Part Two: Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 36 Organising the data. ............................................................................... 36 Emerging themes. .................................................................................. 36 Verification procedures. ........................................................................ 37 i Part Three: Participants’ Profile and Research Limitations ...................................................... 37 Profile of participants. ........................................................................... 37 Limitations of research. ......................................................................... 37 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 38 Chapter 4: Findings and Discussion .............................................................. 39 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 39 Theme One: Teacher Educators’ Acquisition of Treaty Knowledge ........................................ 39 Theme Two: Teacher Educators’ Understandings of the Treaty .............................................. 44 Theme Three: Curriculum Decision Making in Relation to the Treaty .................................... 47 The Three Themes in Relation to Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model ................................... 53 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 55 Chapter 5: Implications and Conclusion....................................................... 56 Summary of Key Findings ........................................................................................................ 56 Teacher educators’ acquisition of Treaty knowledge. .......................... 56 Understandings of the Treaty. ............................................................... 56 Curriculum decision making in relation to the Treaty. ......................... 57 Implications ............................................................................................................................... 58 Professional development. ..................................................................... 58 Mentoring. .............................................................................................. 58 Curriculum. ............................................................................................ 59 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 60 Appendices ........................................................................................................ 62 Appendix 1: Invitation to Participate ........................................................................................ 62 Appendix 2: Information Sheet ................................................................................................. 63 Appendix 3: Consent Form ....................................................................................................... 65 Appendix 4: Interview Schedule ............................................................................................... 66 Appendix 5: Confidentiality Agreement for Transcriber .......................................................... 68 References ......................................................................................................... 70 Table of Figures Figure 1: Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems model of human development .......................................... 13 Figure 2: Influences on the development of teacher educators’ knowledge and understandings of the Treaty from an ecological perspective ........................................................................................................ 54 ii Acknowledgements First, I wish to thank my supervisors, Dr Richard Manning and Professor Letitia Fickel. Letitia, thank you for the “nudge” down this path and Richard thank you for your confidence in me. The ongoing support and guidance, coupled with the expertise you both shared, has been invaluable. My special thanks are extended to the five participants of this research. I am grateful for your honesty and openness. This study would not have been possible without your willingness to participate. To my colleagues, your tolerance of my distraction while I have been on this journey and the support and encouragement you have provided, have been much appreciated. Without the support of family and friends I would not have been able to complete this thesis. To my children, Joe, Frances, and Grace – you have been, and continue to be, my inspiration; you have kept me focused. Ross, my best friend and husband, thank you for your ongoing support and patience. You have been my rock and I could not have achieved this goal without you. iii Abstract Teacher educators at the University of Canterbury, College of Education, like all teacher educators in Aotearoa New Zealand, have ethical, legal, and moral obligations in relation to Te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi. The Treaty is an agreement that was signed in 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and representatives
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