Download Full Article in PDF Format
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Phylogeny of Antiarch Placoderms
The phylogeny of antiarch placoderms Sarah Kearsley Geology 394 Senior Thesis Abstract The most comprehensive phylogenetic study of antiarchs to date (Zhu, 1996) included information not derived from observation. In cases where the relevant anatomy was poorly or not at all preserved Zhu sometimes inferred character states from taxa considered to be closely related. These inferences have the potential to affect the topology of the resulting trees. To learn if and how these inferred characters have biased the results several tests have been performed. Heuristic searches for most parsimonious trees were done on Zhu’s matrix with and without inferred characters. Bootstrap analysis, Bremer support indices, and the Templeton test were performed on both data sets. The inferred characters were found to increase the robusticity of the results, although they also caused a statistically significantly different tree to be generated. The false resolution and different result suggest that inferring characters does not help the search for accurate phylogenies. 1 Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………...2 List of Figures………………………………………………………………………………………………………3 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………4 Methods and Taxa…………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 Results Description of Trees………………………………………………………………………………………...5 Statistical Tests……………………………………………………………………………………………..6 Suggestions for Future Work………………………………………………………………………………………10 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………..……………10 -
The Phylogeny of Antiarch Placoderms Sarah Kearsley
It is a non-parametric Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks test. The number of state changes each character goes through is re goes through of state changes each character The number matched-pairs signed ranks test. Wilcoxon It is a non-parametric of the same cla actually approximations cladograms are different not two apparently or test can determine whether Templeton The with a small test statistic indicating statistically significant result. then compared are The results Ts. test statistic, Wilcoxon absolute value is the The sum with the smaller summed separately. The ranks assigned to positive and negativ assigned a rank based on absolute value. are These scores as n. is recorded scores of no The number the scores. These numbers are tree. those of the other subtracted from are of changes in one tree The number relatives within placoderms are thought to be either the arthrodires or or the arthrodires thought to be either within placoderms are relatives Thei branches of jawed vertebrates. major to be members of the placodermi, one three generally considered are Antiarchs phylogeny of the placoderms. The cladogram to the left shows the relationship of placoderms to other vertebrates. of placoderms to other The cladogram to the left shows relationship phylogeny of the placoderms. considered to be closely related. These inferences have the potential to affect the topology of the resulting trees. To learn To trees. have the potential to affect topology of resulting These inferences to be closely related. considered taxa states from character Zhu sometimes inferred not at all preserved anatomy was poorly or the relevant In cases where observation. -
Prepa Art.1.Indd
Brachiopods, crustaceans, vertebrates, and charophytes from the Devonian Ly Hoa, Nam Can and Dong Tho formations of Central Vietnam Patrick RACHEBOEUF UMR 6538 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, avenue Le Gorgeu, BP 809, F-29285 Brest cedex (France) TA HOA Phuong Departement of Geology, Vietnam National University at Hanoi, 334 Nguyên Trai str., Thanh Xuanh, Ha Noi (Vietnam) NGUYEN HUU Hung Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Thanh Xuanh, Ha Noi (Vietnam) Monique FEIST Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution, Université Montpellier II, place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 05 (France) Philippe JANVIER UMR 5143 du CNRS, Département Histoire de la Terre, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CP 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) and Palaeontology Department, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD (United Kingdom) [email protected] Racheboeuf P., Ta Hoa P., Nguyen Huu H., Feist M. & Janvier P. 2006. — Brachiopods, crus- taceans, vertebrates, and charophytes from the Devonian Ly Hoa, Nam Can and Dong Tho formations of Central Vietnam. Geodiversitas 28 (1) : 5-36. ABSTRACT New vertebrate remains are described from the Ly Hoa Formation (Quang Binh Province, Central Vietnam). They provide further information about the morphology and phylogenetic position of the antiarch Vukhuclepis lyhoaen- sis within the Yunnanolepididae, the first evidence for a Petalichthyida, a GEODIVERSITAS • 2006 • 28 (1) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.geodiversitas.com 5 Racheboeuf P. et al. suborbital plate tentatively referred to a Holonematidae, and evidence that a third arthrodire (in addition to the former and Lyhoalepis duckhoai), pos- sibly a brachythoracid, is present in this fauna. -
Siluro-Devonian Vertebrate Biostratigraphy and Biogeography of China
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Palaeoworld 19 (2010) 4–26 Research paper Siluro-Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy and biogeography of China Wen-Jin Zhao ∗, Min Zhu Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 643, Beijing 100044, China Received 2 June 2009; received in revised form 30 October 2009; accepted 23 November 2009 Available online 27 November 2009 Abstract During the past three decades, early vertebrates from the mid-Paleozoic of China have attracted extensive attention on account of their distinc- tive anatomical features, high diversity, early stratigraphic occurrence, and paleogeographic significance. These new findings have considerably increased our knowledge of vertebrate diversity, helped clarify the interrelationship of early fishes, and provided important data for mid-Paleozoic biostratigraphy and biogeography. In this paper, six Siluro-Devonian vertebrate faunas from China (Xiaoxiyu, Xiaoxiang, Xitun, Jiucheng, Haikou, and Zhongning faunas) and related stratigraphic problems are discussed. Biogeographically, the three main Chinese blocks (South China, North China, and Tarim blocks) constitute the “Pan-Cathaysian Galeaspid Province” during the mid-Paleozoic with highly endemic vertebrate faunas. Some major groups of early vertebrates, such as galeaspids, placoderms, and sarcopterygians, apparently originated and diversified in China. We suggest that three dispersal routes of early vertebrates (Northern Route, Southern Route, and Circum-Panthalassic Ocean Route) bridged the Chinese blocks with the adjacent continents or blocks during the mid-Paleozoic. Crown Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd and Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS. All rights reserved. Keywords: Biostratigraphy; Biogeography; Early vertebrates; Siluro-Devonian; China 1. Introduction brates are gradually becoming a very useful tool in the study of mid-Paleozoic biogeography. -
View Preprint
A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in PeerJ on 28 May 2018. View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/4808), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. Wang Y, Zhu M. 2018. Redescription of Phymolepis cuifengshanensis (Antiarcha: Yunnanolepididae) using high-resolution computed tomography and new insights into anatomical details of the endocranium in antiarchs. PeerJ 6:e4808 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4808 Redescription of Phymolepis cuifengshanensis (Antiarcha: Yunnanolepididae) using high-resolution computed tomography and new insights into anatomical details of the endocranium in antiarchs Yajing Wang 1, 2, 3 , Min Zhu Corresp. 1, 2, 3 1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Beijing, China 2 CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing, China 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Corresponding Author: Min Zhu Email address: [email protected] Background. Yunnanolepidoids constitute either the basal-most consecutive segments or the most primitive clade of antiarchs, a highly diversified jawed vertebrate group from the Silurian and Early Devonian periods. Although the general morphology of yunnanolepidoids is well established, their endocranial features remain largely unclear, thus hindering our further understanding of antiarch evolution, and early gnathostome evolution. Phymolepis cuifengshanensis, a yunnanolepidoid from the Early Devonian of southwestern China, is re-described in detail to reveal the information on endocranial anatomy and additional morphological data of head and trunk shields. Methods. We scanned the material of P. cuifengshanensis using high-resolution computed tomography a nd generated virtual restorations to show the internal morphology of its dermal shield. -
DEVONA BRUŅUZIVJU UN AKANTOŽU PALEOEKOLOĢIJA Un to MAZUĻI LODES IEGULĀ
DISERTATIONES GEOLOGICAE UNIVERSITAS LATVIENSIS Nr. 21 IEVA UPENIECE DEVONA BRUŅUZIVJU UN AKANTOŽU PALEOEKOLOĢIJA un to MAZUĻI LODES IEGULĀ PROMOCIJAS DARBS Doktora grāda iegūšanai ģeoloģijas nozarē Apakšnozare: pamatiežu ģeoloģija LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTE Promocijas darbs izstrādāts Latvijas Universitātes Ģeoloģijas nodaļas Pamatiežu ģeoloģijas katedrā no 1995. gada līdz 2011. gadam. Šis darbs izstrādāts arī ar Eiropas Sociālā Fonda atbalstu projektā “Atbalsts doktora studijām Latvijas Universitātē” (2010./2011.māc.gads). Promocijas darba vadītājs: Ervīns Lukševičs, LU profesors, Dr. geol. (Latvijas Universitāte) Recenzenti: Ivars Zupiņš, Dr. geol., Latvijas Dabas Muzejs Elga Kurika, PhD, Tallinas Tehnoloģiju universitātes Ģeoloģijas institūts Aleksandrs Ivanovs, Cand. geol.-min. sci, Sankt-Pēterburgas Universitātes docents Promocijas padomes sastāvs: Vitālijs Zelčs, profesors, Dr. geol. – padomes priekšsēdētājs Ervīns Lukševičs, profesors, Dr. geol. – padomes priekšsēdētāja vietnieks Aija Dēliņa, docente, Dr. geol. Laimdota Kalniņa, asoc. profesore, Dr. geogr. Valdis Segliņš, profesors, Dr. geol. Ivars Zupiņš, Dr. geol. Padomes sekretārs: Ģirts Stinkulis, asoc. profesors, Dr. geol. Promocijas darbs pieņemts aizstāvēšanai ar LU Ģeoloģijas promocijas padomes 2011. gada 19. maija sēdes lēmumu Nr. 02/2011. Promocijas darba atklāta aizstāvēšana notiks LU Ģeoloģijas promocijas padomes sēdē 2011. gada 2. septembrī, Rīgā, Alberta ielā 10, Jāņa un Elfrīdas Rutku auditorijā (313. telpa). Ar promocijas darbu ir iespējams iepazīties Latvijas Universitātes