DOCSLIB.ORG

Coupled Stratigraphic and U-Pb Zircon Age Constraints on the Late

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coupled Stratigraphic and U-Pb Zircon Age Constraints on the Late https://doi.org/10.1130/G46740.1 Manuscript received 27 November 2018 Revised manuscript received 8 September 2019 Manuscript accepted 10 September 2019 © 2019 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This paper is published under the terms of the CC-BY license. Coupled stratigraphic and U-Pb zircon age constraints on the late Paleozoic icehouse-to-greenhouse turnover in south-central Gondwana Neil Patrick Griffis1,2*, Isabel Patricia Montañez1, Roland Mundil2, Jon Richey1, John Isbell3, Nick Fedorchuk3, Bastien Linol4, Roberto Iannuzzi5, Fernando Vesely6, Thammy Mottin6, Eduardo da Rosa6, Brenhin Keller2 and Qing-Zhu Yin1 1 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA 2 Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA 3 Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA 4 Department of Geosciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6019, South Africa 5 Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafa, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Brazil 6 Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80060-000, Brazil ABSTRACT and dynamics. Tectonic controls would have The demise of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age has been hypothesized as diachronous, occurring operated on 106 to 107 yr time scales and re- frst in western South America and progressing eastward across Africa and culminating in sulted in a diachronous glacial record across Australia over an ∼60 m.y. period, suggesting tectonic forcing mechanisms that operate on high-latitude Gondwana (Isbell et al., 2012; time scales of 106 yr or longer. We test this diachronous deglaciation hypothesis for south- Limarino et al., 2014). Late Paleozoic climate western and south-central Gondwana with new single crystal U-Pb zircon chemical abra- simulations, however, do not support a tectonic sion thermal ionizing mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) ages from volcaniclastic deposits in the drift model for ice initiation thresholds (Lowry Paraná (Brazil) and Karoo (South Africa) Basins that span the terminal deglaciation through et al., 2014). Conversely, a CO2 driver would the early postglacial period. Intrabasinal stratigraphic correlations permitted by the new have operated on shorter time scales, analogous high-resolution radioisotope ages indicate that deglaciation across the S to SE Paraná Basin with the Cenozoic glaciation history of Antarc- was synchronous, with glaciation constrained to the Carboniferous. Cross-basin correlation tica (Miller et al., 2005). Notably, CO2-forced reveals two additional glacial-deglacial cycles in the Karoo Basin after the terminal degla- deglaciation (and associated base-level changes) ciation in the Paraná Basin. South African glaciations were penecontemporaneous (within would be expected to have been rapid (103 to U-Pb age uncertainties) with third-order sequence boundaries (i.e., inferred base-level falls) 105 yr) and thus broadly synchronous across in the Paraná Basin. Synchroneity between early Permian glacial-deglacial events in south- multiple basins. western to south-central Gondwana and pCO2 fuctuations suggest a primary CO2 control The precision and distribution of existing on ice thresholds. The occurrence of renewed glaciation in the Karoo Basin, after terminal U-Pb age constraints for ice-proximal deposits deglaciation in the Paraná Basin, refects the secondary infuences of regional paleogeogra- of southern Gondwana precludes evaluation of phy, topography, and moisture sources. the relative infuence of hypothesized glaciation- deglaciation drivers and their role in the ulti- INTRODUCTION marino et al., 2014) as well as tectonic controls mate turnover to a permanent greenhouse in the The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), span- (Visser, 1997). Alternatively, CO2 forcing has middle Permian. Here we present a temporally ning 340–280 Ma, has produced the only known been hypothesized as the primary driver of the refned record of glaciation in southwestern to archive of a permanent icehouse-to-greenhouse repeated, discrete glaciations and intervening south-central Gondwana across the latest Car- turnover on a planet populated by complex ter- periods of diminished ice, and the ultimate turn- boniferous and early Permian, built using high- restrial ecosystems and metazoan life (Gastaldo over to permanent greenhouse conditions (Mon- precision, single-crystal zircon U-Pb chemical et al., 1996). The spatial and temporal distri- tañez et al., 2007, 2016). Although these two abrasion thermal ionizing mass spectrometry bution of continental ice throughout southern proposed forcing mechanisms (tectonic versus (CA-TIMS) dating of volcaniclastic deposits lo- Gondwana during the LPIA and its ultimate climate) for the late Paleozoic glaciation history cated within the earliest postglacial sediments demise have been attributed in large part to are interlinked through the infuence of large- of the Paraná Basin, Brazil, and two glacial- 7 8 the long-term (10 to 10 yr) drift of southern scale tectonics on CO2 sources (i.e., volcanism) deglacial cycles (deglaciation sequences DS III Gondwana away from the South Pole during and sinks and through atmospheric and ocean and DS IV) in the Karoo Basin, South Africa the Carboniferous–Permian (Crowell, 1983; Li- circulation (McKenzie et al., 2016; Montañez (Visser, 1997). The new chronostratigraphic et al., 2016), the two mechanisms differ in their framework is used to evaluate the synchroneity *E-mail: [email protected] temporal scales of infuence on ice distribution of ice loss across this region and to evaluate the CITATION: Griffs, N.P., et al., 2019, Coupled stratigraphic and U-Pb zircon age constraints on the late Paleozoic icehouse-to-greenhouse turnover in south-central Gondwana: Geology, v. 47, p. XXX–XXX, https://doi.org/10.1130/G46740.1 Geological Society of America | GEOLOGY | Volume XX | Number XX | www.gsapubs.org 1 Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-pdf/doi/10.1130/G46740.1/4836971/g46740.pdf by Southern Connecticut State University user on 08 October 2019 base-level response in the Paraná Basin to the Paraná Basin occurs within the upper Taciba For- Two third-order depositional sequences, higher-latitude ice record (Karoo Basin) during mation (Itararé Group), composed of diamictite previously suggested to have been controlled the early Permian. and dropstone-poor mudstones (Fig. 1; Vesely by regional tectonic forcing (Holz et al., 2006), and Assine, 2004). The terrestrial and marginal occur in the latest Carboniferous through early GEOLOGIC SETTING, marine facies assemblage of the Guatá Group, Permian sedimentary record of the Paraná Ba- STRATIGRAPHY, AND EXISTING U-Pb which include the Rio Bonito and Palermo For- sin. The frst sequence boundary (SB-2 of Holz GEOCHRONOLOGY mations, overlay the Itararé Group and attain a et al. [2006]) separates deeper-water glacially The Paraná and Karoo Basins span a collec- maximum thickness of 300 m (Fig. 1; Rocha- infuenced diamictites and organic mudstones tive area of 2.3 × 106 km2 and were the largest Campos et al., 2008, Holz et al., 2010). In south- of the Taciba Formation from fuvial sandstones depocenters of LPIA sediment accumulation eastern Paraná Basin, the Rio Bonito Formation and coals of the Triunfo Member of the Rio Bo- in southwestern to south-central Gondwana is further divided into the Triunfo, Paraguaçú, nito Formation in the southeastern Paraná Basin (Fig. 1). The Paraná Basin, located between 40°S and Siderópolis Members (Schneider et al., (Fig. 1). In regions of the southern Paraná Basin, and 55°S during the earliest Permian (Franco 1974), which are not formally recognized in this sequence boundary locally separates crystal- et al., 2012; Domeier and Torsvik, 2014), re- the southern Paraná Basin. However, sequence line basement and fuvial sandstones (SB-1 + 2 cords an extensive record of paleo-glaciation boundaries SB-2 and SB-3, which bracket these of Holz et al. [2006]). In the southeastern Paraná within the Itararé Group (Rocha-Campos et al., members, are correlated between regions (Fig. 1; Basin, the fuvial sandstones of the Triunfo Mem- 2008). Record of the demise of glaciation in the Holz et al., 2006; Iannuzzi et al., 2010). ber transition into the offshore mudstones of the Figure 1. Stratigraphic columns of the core, outcrop, and mines for the southern and southeastern Paraná Basin, Brazil, and for the Karoo Basin, South Africa, calibrated by U-Pb zircon chemical abrasion thermal ionizing mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) ages (see the Data Reposi- tory [see footnote 1]). Core HV-59 is located in the Candiota region of southern Brazil. The Karoo Basin section is modifed after Visser (1997). DS II–DS IV are deglaciation sequences correlated across the Karoo Basin (Visser, 1997). Stars indicate stratigraphic position of CA-TIMS samples (black—published values [Griffis et al., 2018]; red—new data presented in this study). Asterisks (*) on age markers 7 and 8 denote sample locations reported by Bangert et al. (1999) and resampled and dated in this study. Gray bars are correlated marine transgressions: T-CP—transgression, Carboniferous-Permian; T-P1—transgression, Permian 1 (296 Ma); T-P2—transgression, Permian 2 (282 Ma). Approxi- mate distances between regions are noted at top of fgures. SB—sequence boundaries and interpreted ages (Holz et al., 2006); Gp.—Group; Fm.—Formation; It.—Itararé Group; Tc.—Taciba Formation; PG—Paraguaçú Member; PL—Palermo Formation; PA—Prince
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cyclicity, Dune Migration, and Wind Velocity in Lower Permian Eolian Strata, Manitou Springs, CO
    Cyclicity, Dune Migration, and Wind Velocity in Lower Permian Eolian Strata, Manitou Springs, CO by James Daniel Pike, B.S. A Thesis In Geology Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCES Approved Dustin E. Sweet Chair of Committee Tom M. Lehman Jeffery A. Lee Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School August, 2017 Copyright 2017, James D. Pike Texas Tech University, James Daniel Pike, August 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to extend my greatest thanks to my advisor Dr. Dustin Sweet, who was an excellent advisor during this research. Dr. Sweet was vital throughout the whole process, be it answering questions, giving feedback on figures, and imparting his extensive knowledge of the ancestral Rocky Mountains on me; for this I am extremely grateful. Dr. Sweet allowed me to conduct my own research without looking over my shoulder, but was always available when needed. When I needed a push, Dr. Sweet provided it. I would like to thank my committee memebers, Dr. Lee and Dr. Lehman for providing feedback and for their unique perspectives. I would like to thank Jenna Hessert, Trent Jackson, and Khaled Chowdhury for acting as my field assistants. Their help in taking measurements, collecting samples, recording GPS coordinates, and providing unique perspectives was invaluable. Thank you to Melanie Barnes for allowing me to use her lab, and putting up with the mess I made. This research was made possible by a grant provided by the Colorado Scientific Society, and a scholarship provided by East Texas Geological Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map and Upper Paleozoic Stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon Area, Cottonwood Canyon Quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California
    Geologic Map and Upper Paleozoic Stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon Area, Cottonwood Canyon Quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California By Paul Stone, Calvin H. Stevens, Paul Belasky, Isabel P. Montañez, Lauren G. Martin, Bruce R. Wardlaw, Charles A. Sandberg, Elmira Wan, Holly A. Olson, and Susan S. Priest Pamphlet to accompany Scientific Investigations Map 3298 2014 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover View of Marble Canyon area, California, showing dark rocks of Mississippian Indian Springs Formation and Pennsylvanian Bird Spring Formation overlying light rocks of Mississippian Santa Rosa Hills Limestone in middle distance. View is southeast toward Emigrant Wash and Tucki Mountain in distance. U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Stone, P., Stevens, C.H., Belasky, P., Montanez, I.P., Martin, L.G., Wardlaw, B.R., Sandberg, C.A., Wan, E., Olson, H.A., and Priest, S.S., 2014, Geologic map and upper Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon area, Cottonwood Canyon quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3298, scale 1:24,000, 59 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3298.
    [Show full text]
  • U-Pb Zircon Dating of Ash Fall Deposits from the Paleozoic Paraná Basin of Brazil and Uruguay: a Reevaluation of the Stratigraphic Correlations
    U-Pb Zircon Dating of Ash Fall Deposits from the Paleozoic Paraná Basin of Brazil and Uruguay: A Reevaluation of the Stratigraphic Correlations A. C. Rocha-Campos,1 M. A. S. Basei,1 A. P. Nutman,2 P. R. Santos,1 C. R. Passarelli,1,* F. M. Canile,1 O. C. R. Rosa,1 M. T. Fernandes,1 H. Santa Ana,3 and G. Veroslavsky4 1. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2. GeoQuEST Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia; Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2000, Australia; and Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 26 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beijing 100037, China; 3. Administración Nacional de Combustibles, Alcohol y Petróleo, Montevideo, Uruguay; 4. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay ABSTRACT Ash fall layers and vitroclastic-carrying sediments distributed throughout the entire Permian stratigraphic range of the Paraná Basin (Brazil and Uruguay) occur in the Tubarão Supergroup (Rio Bonito Formation) and the Passa Dois Group (Irati, Estrada Nova/Teresina, Corumbataí, and Rio do Rasto Formations), which constitute the Gondwana 1 Super- sequence. U-Pb zircon ages, acquired by SHRIMP and isotope-dissolution thermal ionization mass spectrometer (ID- TIMS) from tuffs within the Mangrullo and Yaguari Formations of Uruguay, are compatible with a correlation with the Irati and parts of the Teresina and Rio do Rasto
    [Show full text]
  • Progress on the Palynostratigraphy of the Permian Strata in Rio Grande Do Sul State, Paraná Basin, Brazil
    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2005) 77(2): 353-365 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) ISSN 0001-3765 www.scielo.br/aabc Progress on the palynostratigraphy of the Permian strata in Rio Grande do Sul State, Paraná Basin, Brazil PAULO A. SOUZA1 and MARLENI MARQUES-TOIGO2 1Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Cx. Postal 15.001 91501-950 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil 2in memoriam Manuscript received on March 8, 2004; accepted for publication on September 21, 2004; presented by Léo A. Hartmann ABSTRACT A review of published papers and results of analysis of new material have allowed improvements on the palynostratigraphy of the Permian strata of the Paraná Basin in Rio Grande do Sul State. Based on first and last occurrences of certain species of pollen taxa, two palynozones are formalized, these are the Vittatina costabilis and Lueckisporites virkkiae Interval Zones, in ascending order. The Vittatina costabilis Interval Zone is subdivided into two units, in ascending order the Protohaploxypinus goraiensis and the Hamiapol- lenites karrooensis Subzones, and is recognized from the glacial (Itararé Group) and post-glacial sequence (Rio Bonito Formation and the base of the Palermo Formation). The Lueckisporites virkkiae Interval Zone occurs from the uppermost Rio Bonito Formation, through the Palermo and Irati formations, and into the Serra Alta and Teresina formations. The main characteristics and reference sections are established, as well as additional criteria to recognize biostratigraphical units, in accordance with the International Stratigraphic Guide. Palynostratigraphical correlation suggests that the Vittatina costabilis Zone concerns the Early Per- mian (early Cisuralian), while the Lueckisporites virkkiae is regarded as late Early Permian to early Middle Permian (late Cisularian to early Guadalupian).
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    Carl Simpson 1 CU Museum of Natural History Phone (USA): +1 303-735-5323 University of Colorado, 265 UCB [email protected] Boulder, CO, 8039-0265 http://simpson-carl.github.io @simpson carl Position Assistant Professor, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder. Curator of Invertebrate Paleontology, CU Museum, University of Colorado, Boulder. Education Ph.D. Department of Geophysical Sciences, 2006 University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA B.A. College of Creative Studies (Biology), June 2000 University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA Professional Experience 2015 - 2016 Springer Fellow, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution 2012-2015 Abbott Fellow, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural His- tory, Smithsonian Institution. 2012 Visiting Scholar, Cooperation and Evolution of Multicellularity program. Kavli In- stitute for Theoretical Physics. 2011 Visiting Scholar Fellowship, National Evolutionary Synthesis Center. 2008-2012 Postdoctoral Researcher, Museum f¨ur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evo- lution and Biodiversity at the Humbolt University, Berlin. 2006-2008 Research Associate, Department of Biology, Duke University. 2004 Research assistant for John Alroy, the Paleobiology Database, National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. 2001 Santa Fe Institute Complex Systems Summer School; Budapest, Hungary. 2001 Comparative Invertebrate Embryology. Friday Harbor Marine Laboratories. Fellowships & Grants • Springer Fellowship, \Quantifying the stochastic and deterministic aspects of macroevo- lution" Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History 2015-2016. • NSF ELT Collaborative Research: \Investigating the Biotic and Paleoclimatic Con- sequences of Dust in the Late Paleozoic." 2013-2017. with Gerilyn Soreghan, Linda Hinnov, Sarah Aciego, and Nicholas Heavens. • Abbott Postdoctoral Fellowship, \The Macroevolution of Bryozoan Polymorphism" Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History.
    [Show full text]
  • Atmospheric Dust Stimulated Marine Primary Productivity During Earth's
    https://doi.org/10.1130/G46977.1 Manuscript received 14 April 2019 Revised manuscript received 8 November 2019 Manuscript accepted 12 November 2019 © 2019 Geological Society of America. For permission to copy, contact [email protected]. Published online 17 December 2019 Atmospheric dust stimulated marine primary productivity during Earth’s penultimate icehouse Mehrdad Sardar Abadi1, Jeremy D. Owens2, Xiaolei Liu1, Theodore R. Them II2,3, Xingqian Cui4, Nicholas G. Heavens5,6 and Gerilyn S. Soreghan1 1 School of Geosciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA 2 Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA 3 Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29424, USA 4 Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA 5 Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Hampton University, 21 E. Tyler Street, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA 6 Space Science Institute, 4750 Walnut Street, Suite 205, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND METHODS The importance of dust as a source of iron (Fe) for primary production in modern oceans Pennsylvanian–Permian carbonate strata is well studied but remains poorly explored for deep time. Vast dust deposits are well recog- of the study area were located at ∼30°S at the nized from the late Paleozoic and provisionally implicated in primary production through Fe time of deposition, adjacent to the northeastern fertilization. Here, we document dust impacts on marine primary productivity in Moscovian Arabian margin of Gondwana, in relative prox- (Pennsylvanian, ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Journal of the Geological Survey of Brazil vol 4, Special Issue 1, 37 - 44, June 2021 Journal of the Geological Survey of Brazil A survey of the paleontological heritage of Paraná State, Brazil Christopher Vinicius Santos1* , Antonio Liccardo1 1UEPG - Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa – PR, Brazil, CEP 84.030-900 Abstract Article Information Publication type: Research papers The state of Paraná has a considerable area with sedimentary outcrop rocks from the Paraná Received 15 October 2020 Sedimentary Basins (Paleozoic and Mesozoic) and Bauru (Mesozoic), Curitiba Basin (Cenozoic), and Accepted 18 February 2021 metasedimentary basement rocks (Proterozoic) with fossiliferous content. The state’s paleofauna and Online pub. 14 April 2021 Editor: M.G.M. Garcia paleoflora, geologically distributed over more than one billion years, are diversified and acknowledged in several scientific publications. On this regard, a survey of the main collections and paleontological sites in Paraná state was conducted to provide a basis for the conception of a geoscience museum and with Keywords: the scope of presenting representative fossils of the geological history of this region. The methodologi- Fossils, cal procedures consisted of literature search, consultations with paleontologists, visits to various state Paleontological Sites, Paleontological Collections, Museum. institutions and a selection of the samples in different sectors of the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG). The surveyed set of paleontological collections and sites indicate the heritage that is known by the state research institutions and museums and allowed to organize and quantify the set of fossils that *Corresponding author comprise the collection of the UEPG’s Museum of Natural Sciences, which now exhibits to the public the Christopher Vinicius Santos evolutionary history of Paraná’s fossils.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Position of Guiratingia Mendesi (Megadesmidae) and the Evolution of Permian Endemic Bivalve Fauna of the Paraná Basin, Brazil
    Rev. bras. paleontol. 13(3):167-174, Setembro/Dezembro 2010 © 2010 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia doi:10.4072/rbp.2010.3.01 TAXONOMIC POSITION OF GUIRATINGIA MENDESI (MEGADESMIDAE) AND THE EVOLUTION OF PERMIAN ENDEMIC BIVALVE FAUNA OF THE PARANÁ BASIN, BRAZIL MARCELLO GUIMARÃES SIMÕES Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Cx.P. 510, 18618-000, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. [email protected] LUIZ EDUARDO ANELLI Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, 05508-080, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. [email protected] ABSTRACT – The unusual bivalve Guiratingia mendesi is redescribed from the original material. Detailed analysis of hinge and muscle scars allows more refined designation of its taxonomic position and affinities to other Permian bivalves from the Paraná Basin. Guiratingia mendesi is characterized by very small, anteriorly expanded shells, with a great number of muscle striae within the area delimited by the pallial line. A flattened area is noted alongside the commissure of shell. The presence of a triangular blunt tooth in the right valve allows its designation to Megadesmidae. The absence of accessory muscle scars “a” and “b” and pedal elevator indicate that the genus belongs to the Plesiocyprinellinae, a group of bivalves considered endemic to the Passa Dois Group. Guiratingia mendesi is found, however, in limestones of the Palermo Formation (Middle Artinskian), nearly 100 m below the base of the Irati Formation (Late Artinskian). Until now, it was believed that within the Permian succession of Paraná Basin, pre-Irati bivalves were all gondwanic or cosmopolitan. Guiratingia mendesi was an endemic, active burrower that resembles Runnegariella fragilis from the Permian Teresina Formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Download File
    Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age ⁎ D.V. Kenta,b, ,G.Muttonic a Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA b Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA c Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 34, I-20133 Milan, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Editor: Thomas Algeo The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was the penultimate major glaciation of the Phanerozoic. Published compi- Keywords: lations indicate it occurred in two main phases, one centered in the Late Carboniferous (~315 Ma) and the other Late Paleozoic Ice Age in the Early Permian (~295 Ma), before waning over the rest of the Early Permian and into the Middle Permian Pangea A (~290 Ma to 275 Ma), and culminating with the final demise of Alpine-style ice sheets in eastern Australia in the Pangea B Late Permian (~260 to 255 Ma). Recent global climate modeling has drawn attention to silicate weathering CO2 Greater Variscan orogen consumption of an initially high Greater Variscan edifice residing within a static Pangea A configuration as the Equatorial humid belt leading cause of reduction of atmospheric CO2 concentrations below glaciation thresholds. Here we show that Silicate weathering CO2 consumption the best available and least-biased paleomagnetic reference poles place the collision between Laurasia and Organic carbon burial Gondwana that produced the Greater Variscan orogen in a more dynamic position within a Pangea B config- uration that had about 30% more continental area in the prime equatorial humid belt for weathering and which drifted northward into the tropical arid belt as it transformed to Pangea A by the Late Permian.
    [Show full text]
  • See in English
    SIGEP Geological and Paleontological Sites of Brazil SIGEP 024 White Column, Serra do Rio do Rastro, SC Classic Geologic Section of the Gondwana Continent in Brazil Vitório Orlandi Filho *1 Antonio Sílvio Jornada Krebs*2 Luís Edmundo Giffoni*3 (*) CPRM - Serviço Geológico do Brasil 1 - [email protected] 2 - [email protected] 3 - [email protected] © Orlandi Filho,V.; Krebs,A.S.J.; Giffoni,L.E. 2006. White Column, Serra do Rio do Rastro, SC - Classic Geologic Section of the Gondwana Continent in Brazil. In: Winge,M.; Schobbenhaus,C.; Berbert-Born,M.; Queiroz,E.T.; Campos,D.A.; Souza,C.R.G. ; Fernandes,A.C.S. (Edit.) Geological and Palaeontological Sites of Brazil. Available on line 22/12/2006 at the address http://www.unb.br/ig/sigep/sitio024/sitio024english.pdf [ Actually http://www.sigep.cprm.gov.br/sitio024/sitio024english.pdf ] (The above bibliographic reference of author copy right is required for any use of this article in any media, being forbidden the use for any commercial purpose) White Column, Serra do Rio do Rastro, SC Classic Geologic Section of the Gondwana Continent in Brazil SIGEP 024 Vitório Orlandi Filho *1 Antonio Sílvio Jornada Krebs*2 Luís Edmundo Giffoni*3 The White Column certainly is one of the most classic stratigraphic columns ever elaborated in Brazil. Its origin comes from the Comissão de Estudos das Minas de Carvão de Pedra no Brasil (Commission for Studies on the Mineral Coal Mines in Brazil) report that was presented by the distinguished geologist Israel Charles White in 1908 to the former Brazilian Ministro da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas (Minister of Industry, Road System and Public Works), Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Demystifying Climate Change Session 6
    Demystifying Climate Change Session 6 CO2 and Other Greenhouse Gases: Where do they come from? Where do they go? How are they regulated? Burp… OLLI at Illinois Spring 2021 D. H. Tracy [email protected] 418.53 ppm Mar 6, 2021 3/9/21 Climate Change 6 2 Course Outline 1. Building Blocks: Some important concepts 2. Our Goldilocks Earth: a Radiative Balancing Act 3. The Role of the Atmosphere: Greenhouse Gases & Clouds 4. Global Circulation and Dynamics of the Earth System: Oceans, Atmosphere, Biosphere, Cryosphere, People, Lithosphere 5. Natural Variability of the Climate, short and long term. Ice Ages 6. Carbon Dioxide and other Greenhouse Gases: Where do they come from, where do they go, how are they regulated? 7. Impacts and Future Projections for Global Warming -- Uncertainties 8. Amelioration Strategies. The Climate Debate. Policy Options. 3/9/21 Climate Change 6 3 Remember CO2 Saturation? 400ppm CO2 T260K P0.5 L6.4m 100%100% Lesson: Blue: 800 ppm 80% Greenhouse Gases 4 ppm are much more Red: potent, per ppm, 400 ppm 60% when at low 1 ppm concentrations: 40% Not saturated. Absorption of Full Atmosphere Full of Absorption 20% Absorption of Full Atmosphere ofFull Absorption 0% 8.5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Wavelength (mm) Wavelength (m) 3/9/21 Climate Change 6 4 Actual Surface Temperature vs. GH Gas Concentration Doublings Behavior Expected for Linear Increase Minor/Trace Gases ∆T2X TSURF 2x Log Increase Saturation TSKIN setting in 254 K (-2F) Doublings T 0 1 1 1 1 1 /128 x /64 x /32 x /16 x /8 x ¼ x ½x 1x 2x 4x 8x 3/9/21
    [Show full text]
  • Fjord Network in Namibia: a Snapshot Into the Dynamics of the Late Paleozoic Glaciation Pierre Dietrich1,2, Neil P
    https://doi.org/10.1130/G49067.1 Manuscript received 20 October 2020 Revised manuscript received 19 March 2021 Manuscript accepted 21 June 2021 © 2021 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This paper is published under the terms of the CC-BY license. Fjord network in Namibia: A snapshot into the dynamics of the late Paleozoic glaciation Pierre Dietrich1,2, Neil P. Griffis3,4, Daniel P. Le Heron5, Isabel P. Montañez3, Christoph Kettler5, Cécile Robin1 and François Guillocheau1 1 Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France 2 Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA 4 Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California 94709, USA 5 Department für Geologie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1190 Wien, Austria ABSTRACT infer the pace of ice-margin fluctuations and Fjords are glacially carved estuaries that profoundly influence ice-sheet stability by the paleo-ice thickness that once occupied draining and ablating ice. Although abundant on modern high-latitude continental shelves, these fjords. Furthermore, we estimate glacio- fjord-network morphologies have never been identified in Earth’s pre-Cenozoic glacial epochs, isostatic adjustment following deglaciation. hindering our ability to constrain ancient ice-sheet dynamics. We show that U-shaped valleys This work highlights the dynamic nature of in northwestern Namibia cut during the late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA, ca. 300 Ma), Earth’s the LPIA in southwestern Gondwana and the penultimate icehouse, represent intact fjord-network morphologies. This preserved glacial potential for an under-appreciated deep-time morphology and its sedimentary fill permit a reconstruction of paleo-ice thicknesses, glacial carbon and sediment sink that, if valid, would dynamics, and resulting glacio-isostatic adjustment.
    [Show full text]