DOCSLIB.ORG

Digital Equipment Corporation RT-11 Introduction Manual, 1977

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Digital Equipment Corporation RT-11 Introduction Manual, 1977 August 1977 This document is an introductory manual for the RT-1 1 V03 operatrng system. Its purpose is to acquaint new users with the RT-11 commands that perform common system operations. This manual presents the background material necessary to understand the system operations. It also contains a series of command examples and demonstration exercises that complement the text. INTRODUCTION TO RT-11 Order No. DEC-1 l-ORITA-A-D SUPERSESSIONbJPDATE INFORMATION: This is a new manual. OPERATING SYSTEM AND VERSION: RT-11 V03 To order additional copies of this document, contact the Software Distribution Center, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754 digital equipment corporation l maynard. massachusetts First Printing, August 1977 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commit- ment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. The software described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by DIGITAL. Copyright @ 1977 by Digital Equipment Corporation The postage prepaid READER’S COMMENTS form on the last page of this document requests the user’s critical evaluation to assist us in preparing future documentation. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DIGITAL DECsystem-10 MASSBUS DEC DECtape OMNIBUS PDP DIBOL OS/8 DECUS EDUSYSTEM PHA UNIBUS FLIP CHIP RSTS COMPUTER LABS FOCAL RSX COMTEX INDAC TYPESET-8 DDT LAB-8 TYPESET-10 DECCOMM DECSYSTEM-20 TYPESET- 11 CONTENTS Page PREFACE ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCING THE RT-11 COMPUTER SYSTEM ................... l-l SYSTEM HARDWARE. ......................... l-l The Computer. ............................ l-l TheTermina 1.. ........................... 1-4~ The Storage Medium. ....................... l-6 Optional Devices. .......................... l-8 SYSTEM SOFTWARE .......................... l-10 The RT-11 Operating System ................. l-11 Language Processors ........................ 1-12 Application Packages. ....................... 1-13 SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION .................... 1-13 Hardware Manuals. ......................... 1-13 Software Manuals .......................... 1-14 Source Listings ............................ 1-14 CHAPTER 2 STARTING THE RT-11 COMPUTER SYSTEM ............................... 2-l COMPUTER MEMORY ............................ 2-l HARDWARE CONFIGURATION .................... 2- 1 Terminal....................................2- 3 Computer ................................... 2-3 System Volume. .............................. 2-3 Storage Volume. .............................. 2-3 Optional Devices and Supported Languages ......... 2-4 BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURE. ........................ 2-4 CHAPTER 3 INTERACTING WITH THE RT-11 COMPUTER SYSTEM . 3-l USING THE CONSOLE TERMINAL TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION . 3-l USING MASS STORAGE VOLUMES TO STORE INFORMATION . ...... 3-4 File Storage. _ . ...... 3-8 File Protection . ...... 3-8 CHAPTER 4 USING THE MONITOR COMMAND LANGUAGE ............................ .4-l ENTERING COMMAND INFORMATION. ............ .4-i General Command Format ..................... .4-2 Control Commands. .......................... .4-3 Recreating the Examples. ....................... 4-4 . 111 Page CORRECTING TYPING MISTAKES ............. 4-5 INITIAL MONITOR COMMAND OPERATIONS. ... 4-6 Using VT 11 Display Hardware .............. 4-6 Entering the Date and Time-of-Day. .......... 4-9 Assigning Logical Names to Devices .......... 4-10 Listing Volume Directories ................. 4-14 Initializing the Storage Volume. ............. 4-16 CHAPTER 5 CREATING AND EDITING TEXT FILES . 5-l THE RT-11 EDITOR . 5-l CREATING A TEXT FILE. 5-2 EDITING A TEXT FILE. 5-4 USING UPPER- AND LOWER-CASE CHARACTERS . 5-13 USING A GRAPHICS DISPLAY TERMINAL DURING EDITING. 5-l 6 Normal Use of the Graphics Display . 5-l 6 Immediate Mode. 5-l 7 CREATING THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS . 5-20 CHAPTER 6 COMPARING TEXT FILES. ................ .6-l PERFORMING A COMPARISON. .................... 6-l CHAPTER 7 PERFORMING FILE MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS. .................. ........ 7-l FILE DIRECTORY OPERATIONS .......... ........ 7-l MULTIPLE FILE OPERATIONS ............ ........ 7-3 FILE COPYING OPERATIONS ............. ........ 7-3 FILE RENAMING OPERATIONS ........... ........ 7-5 FILE DELETION OPERATIONS. ........... ........ 7-6 FILE LISTING OPERATIONS. ............. ........ 7-7 CHAPTER 8 CHOOSING A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE . 8-1 HIGH-LEVEL VS MACHINE-LEVEL LANGUAGES. 8-l RT-11 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES. 8-3 CHOOSING A LANGUAGE FOR THE DEMONSTRATION . 8-4 CHAPTER 9 RUNNING A FORTRAN IV PROGRAM . 9-l THE FORTRAN IV PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE . 9-l THE FORTRAN IV LANGUAGE PROCESSOR . 9-2 USING LIBRARY MODULES . 9-2 COMPILING THE FORTRAN IV PROGRAM . 9-3 LINKING OBJECT MODULES TOGETHER . 9-9 RUNNING THE FORTRAN IV PROGRAM. 9-l 1 COMBINING OPERATIONS . 9-12 iv Page ALTERNATE FUNCTIONS ....................... .9-l 3 FILE MAINTENANCE. ........................... 9-14 CHAPTER 10 RUNNING A BASIC-l 1 PROGRAM ......... 10-l THE BASIC-l 1 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE. ........ 1 O-l THE BASIC LANGUAGE PROCESSOR. .............. 1 O-l USING THE BASIC INTERPRETER ................. 1 O-2 Immediate Mode. ............................ 1 O-3 Creating and Editing a BASIC Program ............ 1 O-4 RUNNING A BASIC PROGRAM .................... 1 O-9 FILE MAINTENANCE. .......................... lo-13 CHAPTER 11 RUNNING A MACRO-l 1 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAM. ................. 1 l-l THE MACRO-l 1 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE. ........... 1 l-l THE MACRO-l 1 LANGUAGE PRQCESSOR. .......... 1 l-2 The Program Counter ......................... 1 l-3 The Symbol Table. ........................... 1 l-4 Machine Language Code ....................... 1 l-5 ASSEMBLING THE MACRO-l 1 PROGRAM. .......... 1 l-7 LINKING OBJECT MODULES TOGETHER .......... 1 l-l 5 RUNNING THE MACRO-l 1 PROGRAM. ............ 11-17 COMBINING OPERATIONS ...................... 1 l- 18 FILE MAINTENANCE. .......................... 11-19 CHAPTER 12 LINKING OBJECT PROGRAMS. 12-l RESOLVING SYMBOLIC AND LIBRARY REFERENCES . _ 12-2 PROGRAM RELOCATION AND ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT . 12-3 Absolute and Relocatable Program Sections . 12-4 The Overlay Feature . 12-7 PRODUCING A LOAD MODULE AND A LOAD MAP. 12-7 CHAPTER 13 CONSTRUCTING LIBRARY FILES. ........ 13-1 KINDS OF LIBRARY FILES. ...................... 13-1 Macro Libraries. ............................. 13-l Object Libraries. ............................. 13-2 CREATING AND MAINTAINING A LIBRARY FILE. ... 13-2 Creating Object Library Input Files. .............. 13-3 Building the Object Library. .................... 13-5 Updating the Object Library. ................... 13-6 FILE MAINTENANCE. ........................... 13-8 V Page CHAPTER 14 DEBUGGING A USER PROGRAM. ......... 14-1 AVOIDING PROGRAMMING ERRORS .............. 14-l WHEN PROGRAMMING ERRORS OCCUR ........... 14-2 USING THE ON-LINE DEBUGGING TECHNIQUE. ..... 14-4 FILE MAINTENANCE. .......................... 14-l 3 CHAPTER 15 USING THE FOREGROUND/ BACKGROUND MONITOR . 15-1 THE FOREGROUND/BACKGROUND ENVIRONMENT . CHANGING MONITORS . USING THE FB MONITOR . Communication in a Two-Job Environment . Creating the Foreground Job. Executing the Foreground and Background Jobs................................ 15-6 FILE MAINTENANCE. 15-11 CHAPTER 16 USING INDIRECT FILES. ................ 16-1 CREATING AN INDIRECT FILE ................... 16-l Entering Monitor Commands ................... 16-2 Using the Editor to Create an Indirect File ......... 16-2 EXECUTING AN INDIRECT FILE .................. 16-4 FILE MAINTENANCE. .......................... 16-l 0 CHAPTER 17 ADVICE TO NEW USERS. ................ 17-1 APPENDIX A MANUAL BOOSTRAPPING OPERATIONS. ... A-l APPENDIX B SELECTED SYSTEM TOPICS. .............. B-l GLOSSARY ................................... Glossary-l INDEX.. ...................................... ..Index- 1 FIGURES FIGURE PREFACE-l Flowchart for Selective Reading xii l-l RT-11 Computer System. ......... l-2 l-2 PDP-11 Computers ............... l-3 l-3 Terminal Devices. ............... l-4 l-4 Random-access Storage Media and their Devices ................... l-6 l-5 Peripheral Devices. ..... , ........ l-8 l-6 RT-11 System Software .......... l-10 l-7 RT-11 Operating System. ......... l-l 1 2-l The Boostrap/Computer Relationship . 2-2 3-l LA36/VT52 Terminals ........... 3-2 vi Page 3-2 Keyboard Layouts. ................ 3-3 3-3 Mass Storage Volumes. ............. 3-6 4-l VT1 1 Display Hardware ............ 4-7 5-l Editing with RT-11 ................ 5-2 5-2 Text Window Format ............. 5-16 9-l Evolution of a FORTRAN Program ... 9-2 9-2 Function of a FORTRAN Compiler ... 9-2 9-3 Dimensions of FUN(X, Y). .......... 9-7 9-4 The Link Operation. .............. 9-10 9-5 The Result of GRAPH.SAV ........ 9-l 2 10-l Functions of the BASIC Language Processor. ...................... 1 O-2 1 l-l PDP-11 Programming Card ......... 1 i-l 11-2 Evolution of a MACRO-l 1 Program . 11-2 11-3 Function of a MACRO-l 1 Assembler . 1 l-3 1 l-4 PDP-11 Computer Memory. ........ 1 l-4 1 l-5 PDP-11 Word. ................... 1 l-6 1 l-6 The Link Operation. ............. 11-16 l2-1 Link Functions .................. 12-l 12-2 Object Module Relocation. ......... 12-5 A-l Pushbutton Console .............. .A-2 A-2 Switch Register
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Strengthening Computer Technology Programs. Special Publication Series No
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 250 499 CE 040 007 AUTHOR McKinney, Floyd L., Comp. TITLE Strengthening Computer Technology Programs. Special Publication Series No. 49. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education. SPONS AGENCY Office of Vocational and Adult Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 84 CONTRACT 300-83-0159 NOTE 125p. AVAILABLE FROMNational Center Publications, National Center for Research in Vocational Education, 1960 Kenny Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1090 (Order No. SN49--$10.50). PUB TYPE Reports- Descriptive (141)-- Collected Works - General (020) EDRS PRICE, MF01/PC05 Plusqlostage. DESCiIPTORS *Black Colleges; Community Colleges; *Computer Literacy; *Computer Science; Developing Institutions; Digital Computers; Faculty Development; Higher Education; Industry; *Microcomputers; *Networks; *Professional Development; Program ' :ascriptions; Program Development; Regional Planning; School. Business Relationship; Staff Development; Systems Approach; Teacher Workshops; Two Year Colleges; Vocational Directors; Vocational Education; Vocational Education Teachers IDENTIFIERS Corporations;'*Local Area Networks ABFr'lACT Three papers present examples of strategies used by developing institutions and historically black colleges to strengthen computer technology programs. "Promoting Industry Support in Developing a Computer Technology Program" (Albert D. Robinson) describes how the Washtenaw Community College (Ann Arbor, Michigan) Electrical/Electronics Department used industrial support to develop the Digital Equipment Technology Program. It describes these methods to promote industry support: advisory committees, program reviews with industry, and selection of a broad range of laboratory equipment for generic training. A glossary is provided. "Local hrea Networks (LANs) of Microcomputers in Education" (Clifford D. Layton) describes a particular implementation and utilization of a LAN of microcomputers at Rogers State College in Claremore, Oklahoma, in 1982.
    [Show full text]
  • GT44 User's Guide DEC-II-HGT44-A-D
    GT44 user's guide DEC-II-HGT44-A-D GT44 user's guide digital equipment corporation • maynard. massachusetts 1st Edition, December 1973 Copyright © 1973 by Digital Equipment Corporation The material in this manual is for informational purposeS and is subject to change without notice. Pigital Equipment Corporation assumes no respon­ sibility for any 'errors which may appear in this manuaL Printed in U.S.A. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts: OEC PDP FLIP CHIP FOCAL DIGITAL COMPUTER LAB UNIBUS CONTENTS Page 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ........•.. 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION •........ 1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTiON AND OPERATION 1 1.3.1 PDP-11/40 Computer •.•..... 2 1.3.1.1 Unibus •.•..•....•.. 2 1.3.1.2 KD11-AProcessor .•..... 2 1.3.1.3 KY11-D Programmer's Console 3 1.3.1.4 MF11-L Core Memory •. 3 1.3.1.5 Power System ..•.... 4 1.3.2 VT11 Graphic Display Processor . ..•. 5 1.3.3 VR17 Cathode Ray Tube Monitor .....•.. 5 1.3.4 375 Light Pen .........•............. 5 1.3.5 LA30-S DECwriter and DL 11 Asynchronous Line Interface 6 1.3.6 RK05 Disk Drives and RK11-D Disk Drive Control 6 1.3.7 BM792YB Bulk Storage Bootstrap Loader •.. 7 1.4 EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ...•...•..•... 7 1.4.1 PDP-11/40 Processor •... · .... 7 1.4.2 VT11 Graphic Display Processor ........ · .... 7 1.4.3 VR17 CRT Display Monitor ............. 8 1.4.4 375 Light Pen .........•...••...... 8 1.4.5 LA30 DECwriter and DL 11 Asynchronous Line Interface •. 9 1.4.6 RK05 Disk Drive and RK11-D Controller 9 2.1 OPERATING CONTROLS AND INDICATORS ..
    [Show full text]
  • Engineer's Orientation Manual
    ENG UN s , i' - ,. .,* A ENGINEERING HANDBOOK SERIES c Y V ENGINEER'S ORIENTATION MANUAL JANUARY. 1980 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 2nd Edition, January 1980 The drawings and specifications herein are the property of Digital Equipment Corporation and shall not be reproduced or copied or used in whole or in part as the basis for the manufacture or sale of equipment described herein without written permission. Copyright Q 1980 by Digital Equipment Corporation The material in this manual is for informational purposes and is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no re- sponsibility for any errors which may appear in this manual. Printed in U.S.A. This document was set on DIGITAL'S DECset-8000 computerized typesetting system. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts: DIGITAL DECsystem- 10 MASSBUS DEC DECSYSTEM-20 OMNIBUS PDP DIBOL OS/8 DECUS EDUSYSTEM RSTS UNIBUS VAX RSX VMS IAS CONTENTS Preface .............................................................................................................................................. ix Foreword ........................................................................................................................................... x Section 1 CORPORATE OVERVIEW 1.0 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 INTRODUCTION - KEN OLSEN ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • [Q] Program Library Pdp-S Catalog
    [Q] PROGRAM LIBRARY PDP-S CATALOG DIGITAL EOUIPMENT COMPUTER USERS SOCIETY AUGUST 1978 DECUS PROCiRAM LIBRARY PDP-a CATALOG Cl DICiITAl EQUIPMENT COMPUTER USERS SOCIETY AUCiUST1978 This is a complete PDP-8 DECUS Library Catalog. It includes a complete listing of current PDP-8, BASIC-8, and FOCAL-8 DECUS programs. First Edition December 1973 Updated July.l974 Updated December 1974 Updated May 1975 Updated November 1975 Updated June 1976 Combined and revised March 1977 Updated and revised August 1978 Copyright © 1978, Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard, Massachusetts The DECUS Program Library is a clearing house only; it does not sell, generate or test programs. All programs and information are provided "AS IS". DIGITAL EQUIP· MENT COMPUTER USERS SOCIETY, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION AND THE CONTRIBUTOR DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES ON mE PRO­ GRAMS AND ANY MEDIA ON WHICH THE PROGRAMS ARE PROVIDED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. The descriptions, service charges, exchange rates, and availability of software available from the DECUS Library are subject to change without notice. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: COMPUTER LABS DECtape FOCAL PDP COMTEX DECUS INDAC PHA DDT DIBOL LAB-8 RSTS DEC DIGITAL MASSBUS RSX DECCOMM EDUSYSTEM OMNIBUS TYPESET-8 DECsystem-10 FLIP CHIP 05-8 TYPESET-11 DECSYSTEM-20 UNIBUS CONTENTS Section 1 General Information 1.1 How to Use this Catalog ................................................................. v 1.1.1 Content of Each Section ...................................................... v 1.1.2 New and Revised Programs .................................................. v 1.1.3 Editor's Note .................................................................... v 1.1.4 General Catalog Information ................................................. vi 1.2 Where to Order Library Programs and Obtain Information .....................
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Equipment Corporation Records
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8t72p80 No online items Guide to the Digital Equipment Corporation records Finding aid prepared by Bo Doub, Kim Hayden, and Sara Chabino Lott Processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources' Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives grant. Computer History Museum 1401 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View, CA, 94043 (650) 810-1010 [email protected] April 2017 Guide to the Digital Equipment X2675.2004 1 Corporation records Title: Digital Equipment Corporation records Identifier/Call Number: X2675.2004 Contributing Institution: Computer History Museum Language of Material: English Physical Description: 1,239 Linear feet,611 record cartons, 357 manuscript boxes, 56 newspaper boxes, 169 periodical boxes, and 150 other box types Date (bulk): Bulk, 1957-1998 Date (inclusive): 1947-2002 Abstract: The Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) records comprise DEC’s corporate archives, with material dating from 1947 to 2002. The bulk of the collection was collected and created during the company’s years of operation from 1957 to 1998. DEC, founded by engineers Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson, was one of the largest and most successful computer companies in the industry’s history. Widely recognized for its PDP and VAX minicomputer product lines, by 1988 DEC was second only to IBM as the world’s largest computer company. This collection holds the papers of DEC’s executives, engineers, and personnel -- including the personal collections of founders Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson. Also included are DEC’s administrative records and material relating to product development and engineering, with committee meeting minutes, correspondence, internal newsletters, product proposals, and engineering drawings.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Equipment Corporation Pdp-8 Handbook Series
    soFtware documentation programming department / digital equipment corporation pdp-8 handbook series Copyright @ 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 Digital Equipment Corporation The following are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corpora- tion, Maynard, Massachusetts: CDP DIGITAL LAB-8/e RAD-8 Computer Lab DNC OMNIBUS RSTS Corntex Flip Chip OS/8 RSX DEC FOCAL PDP RTM ~~Ctape IDAC PHA SABR Dibol Indac PSI 8 Typeset 8 KA10 - Quickpoint Unibus Minicomputers, from Digital Equipment Corporation, are changing your world-in banks and hospitals, supermarkets and factories. Everywhere people are realizing that computers don't have to be large and expen- sive to get the job done. A Computer is no longer a multi-million dollar giant that can only survive in spotlessly clean rooms. Minicomputers are going where the job is, because they are rugged, dependable, and inexpensive. You should know about minicomputers. The PDP-8/E Story shows our computers at work; designing, producing and testing new computers, saving time and money. Other industries, such as oil refineries and automobile manufacturers, are also using the power and speed of com- puters to produce better products. ~inicomputersare not just for big business; hospitals, schools, laboratories and factories are using minis just as effectively. New and old companies are exploring minicomputers. How large a computer should you buy? Most enterprises begin small, After the computer requirements are completely defined, a decision is then made to either continue with the existing system or to expand. The basic PDP-8/E can be expanded without having to sacrifice your initial investment. Right now, there are more than 30,000 minicomputers serving in almost every field of endeavor and embracing every discipline known to man.
    [Show full text]
  • Preserving Computing's Past: Restoration and Simulation
    Maxwell M. Burnet Robert M. Supnik Preserving Computing’s Past: Restoration and Simulation Restoration and simulation are two techniques The Computing Past for preserving computing systems of historical interest. In computer restoration, historical sys- The continuous improvements in computing technol- ogy cause the rapid obsolescence of computer systems, tems are returned to working condition through architectures, media, and devices. Since old comput- repair of broken electrical and mechanical sub- ing systems are rarely perceived to have any value, the systems, if necessary substituting current parts danger of losing portions of the computing record is for the original ones. In computer simulation, significant. When a computing architecture becomes historical systems are re-created as software extinct, its software, data, and written and oral records programs on current computer systems. In each often disappear with it. Older computer systems embody major investments case, the operating environment of the original in software, the value of which may persist long after the system is presented to a modern user for inspec- systems have lost their technical relevancy. For example, tion or analysis. This differs with computer con- the PDP-11 computer has not been a leading-edge servation, which preserves historical systems architecture since the introduction of 32-bit systems in their current state, usually one of disrepair. in the late 1970s and has not received a new hardware The authors argue that an understanding of implementation since 1984. Nonetheless, PDP-11 sys- tems continue to be used worldwide, particularly in computing’s past is vital to understanding its real-time and control applications.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Equipment Corporation
    DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION NINETEEN FIFTY-SEVEN TO THE PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE SECTION INTRODUCTION vii 1970 1957-1963 MUMPS 17 MAYNARD MILL TABS-8 17 DEWS FINANCIAL SUMMARY 17 MODULES 1971 MEMORY TEST MILESTONES 20 PDP-1 GALWAY 20 PDP-2 & 3 DIGITAL PARK 20 PDP-4 PDP-11/15 20 PDP5 PDP-8/M 20 FINANCIAL SUMMARY PDP-1 l/O5 21 1964-1967 VT05 21 FIRST PRODUCT LINE 6 LA30 21 PDP-6 6 l-U10 21 PDP-7, PDP-7A 6 PDP- 1 l/45 22 FIRST MINICOMPUTER 6 PDP-16 (RTMS) 22 PDP-8 7 FINANCIAL SUMMARY 22 PDP-8/S 7 1972 PDP-9,9L 7 TAIWAN 24 LINC-8 8 PDP-16/M 24 PDP-10 8 PDP-8/F 24 FINANCIAL SUMMARY 8 DCM-11 24 1968-1969 LAB-11 25 K SERIES MODULES 10 IDACS-11 25 PDPS/I, 8/L 10 PI-IA-11 25 PDP-12 11 RSTS- 11 25 PDP-14 11 TYPESET 10 26 PDP-15 11 DDS-300 26 EDUSYSTEMS 12 DDS-520 26 TSS-8 12 TYPESET- 11 26 QUICKPOIN-T-8 12 DECSYSTEM-10 27 TYPESET8 12 FINANCIAL SUMMARY 27 LAB-8 13 1973 PI-IA-8 13 PDP-1 l/10 30 COMPUTERPAKS 13 PDP- 1 l/40 30 IDACS-8 13 LPS-11 30 RAD-8 14 GT40 31 CLINICAL LAB-12 14 CAPS-8 31 FINANCIAL SUMMARY 14 RSX-11D 31 1970 CAPS- 11 32 TWO MANUFACTURING UNICHANNEL-15 32 FACILITIES 16 PDP-15/76 PDP-8/E 16 32 RK-15 33 PDP-11/20 16 GRAPHIC-76 33 iii SECTION SECTION PAGE 1973 1975 FINANCIALSUMMARY 33 PDP-11/04 49 1974 TU45 49 49 MARKETGROUPREORIENTATION 36 LSI-11 PDP-11/70 50 SOFIWAREPRODUCTLICENSING 36 NATIONALACCOUNTSPROGRAM 36 DVll 50 RIMS 36 ICS,ICR 50 MARLBOROUGH 37 TS03 51 DIGITALPARK 37 RX01 51 COMPONENTSGROUP 37 PDP-11/03 51 PDP-14/30,/35 37 VT-55 51 PDM70 38 RTS-8 52 PROM-8M 38 IAS 52 MICROPROCESSORSERIES 38 FORTRANIV-PLUS
    [Show full text]
  • Architectural Evolution in DEC's 18B Computers
    Architectural Evolution in DEC’s 18b Computers Bob Supnik, 26-Jul-2003 Abstract DEC built five 18b computer systems: the PDP-1, PDP-4, PDP-7, PDP-9, and PDP-15. This paper documents the architectural changes that occurred over the lifetime of the 18b systems and analyses the benefits and tradeoffs of the changes made. Introduction From 1961 to 1975, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) built five 18b computer systems: the PDP­ 1, PDP-4, PDP-7, PDP-9, and PDP-15 (see table below). Each system differed from its predecessors, sometimes in major ways representing significant architectural breaks, and sometimes in minor ways representing new features or incompatibilities. The architectural evolution of these systems demonstrates how DEC’s ideas about architectural versus implementation complexity, I/O structures, and system features evolved over the period of a decade. PDP-1 PDP-4 PDP-7 PDP-9 PDP-15 First ship Nov 1960 Jul 1962 Dec 1964 Aug 1966 May 1970 Number built 50 45 120 445 790 Memory cycle 5usec 8usec 1.75usec 1usec 0.8usec Base price $120K $65.5K $45K $25K $19.8K Reproduced from Computer Engineering: A DEC View Of Hardware Systems Design The PDP-1 The PDP-1 was DEC’s first computer system. Introduced in 1960, the PDP-1 reflected ideas from Lincoln Labs’ TX-2 project as well as the existing capabilities of DEC’s module logic family. It was implemented in 5Mhz logic. Arithmetic System The PDP-1 was a 1’s complement arithmetic machine. In 1’s complement arithmetic, negative numbers are represented by the bit-for-bit inversion of their positive counterparts: +1 = 000001 -1 = 777776 +4 = 000004 -4 = 777773 One’s complement arithmetic has two problems.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Beginning... a Legacy of Computing at Marshall University Jack L
    Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Manuscripts Library Special Collections Spring 2018 In the Beginning... A Legacy of Computing at Marshall University Jack L. Dickinson Marshall University, [email protected] Arnold R. Miller Ed.E Marshall University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/lib_manu Part of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons, Library and Information Science Commons, Other Computer Sciences Commons, Other History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Dickinson, Jack L., and Arnold R. Miller. In the Beginning…A Legacy of Computing at Marshall University : A brief history of the early computing technology at Marshall University, Huntington, W.Va., in the forty years: 1959-1999. Huntington, Marshall University Libraries, 2018. This Personal Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Library Special Collections at Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Manuscripts by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. In the Beginning… A Legacy of Computing at Marshall University A brief history of the early computing technology at Marshall University, Huntington, W.Va., in the forty years: 1959-1999. Jack L. Dickinson, Marshall Special Collections Dept. Dr. Arnold R. Miller, Ed.D., Emeritus Vice President, Information Technology Spring 2018 COPYRIGHT © 2018 The Marshall University Libraries Huntington, W.Va. www.marshall.edu All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied or reproduced without permission of the publisher. ISBN13: 978-0-9903359-2-4 The British Bombe 1942 NOTES TO THE READER: If you consider yourself somewhat technically challenged, or simply are not interested in the “bits and bytes, speeds and feeds,” then just skip the second part of each section titled “Hardware and Software.” Images that appear in this work that are captioned as “stock images” were from various websites.
    [Show full text]
  • Ersatz-11 Pdp-11 Emulator Version 7.3
    ERSATZ-11 PDP-11 EMULATOR VERSION 7.3 Copyright c 1993{2017 by Digby's Bitpile, Inc. All rights reserved. Release date: 01-Mar-2017 §¤¤ ¤ ¤¥ ¦¥¥ ¥ D Bit • 139 Stafford Road • Monson, MA • 01057 • USA • www.dbit.com § ¤ ¤¤ Digby's Bitpile, Inc. DBA D Bit ¤¥ 139 Stafford Road Monson, MA 01057 ¦ ¥¥ ¥ USA +1 (413) 267-4600 [email protected] www.dbit.com Copyright c 1993{2017 by Digby's Bitpile, Inc. All rights reserved. The following are trademarks of Digby's Bitpile, Inc.: £ ¡ D Bit E11 Ersatz ¢¡¡ ¡ The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DEC DECnet DECtape DECwriter DIGITAL IAS MASSBUS PDP PDT P/OS Q-BUS RSTS RSX RT-11 ULTRIX UNIBUS VT The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of S&H Computer Systems, Inc.: TSX TSX-Plus Other product, service, and company names that appear in this document are used for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks and/or service marks of their respective owners. Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Emulated block device types . 2 1.2 Emulated sequential device types . 3 1.3 Emulated serial device types . 3 1.4 Emulated network device types . 4 1.5 Emulated DDCMP device types . 4 1.6 Miscellaneous device types . 5 1.7 PC hardware support . 5 1.8 Device names . 7 1.9 Filenames . 8 1.10 Time durations . 8 1.11 Notes . 9 1.11.1 Interrupts . 9 1.11.2 Host systems . 9 1.11.3 Copyright and licensing . 10 1.12 Acknowledgments . 10 1.13 History . 11 2 Installation and Configuration 13 2.1 System requirements .
    [Show full text]