CENSUS OF INDIA 1961
VOLUME IX-MADRAS
PART X-i
VOLUME-I./
DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK COIMBA'rORE
P. K. NAMBIAR of the Indian Administrative Service
SUPERINTENDEN~ ,or CENSUS O'PERATIONS, MADRAS
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TBE nmEC7'OR OF STATIONERY AlfD PRINTING, MADRAS 1964 PREFACE
It has been the policy of the Government of Madras to print and publish village statistics based on the information collected during each Census. In 1951, the Government of India offered to hand over to the State Government the Census Tables and abstracts pre pared during Census and suggested that they might be prin~ed and published along with any other useful information relating to each district. The form of the District Census Handbook was thus conceived. The State Government accepted the idea and a publication was brought out at the cost of the State Government. Each District Census Handbook consisted of two parts-·Part I containing three secticns, viz., General Population Tables, Economic Tables, Tables I, II and III of Small·Scale Industries, Summary figures of district and taluks, rural and urban statistics and Part n containing C and 0 series, viz., House .. hold and Age Tables and Social and Cultural Tables and District Occupational Abstract.
A Distr~ct Census Handbook was published for each district. It has been· considered an important achievement of the last Census. Sri A. Mitra, Registrar General, India, decided not on Iy to continue the series during 1961, but t<>: improve definitely on its content, so that each District Census' Handbook woutd contain basic economic data for the smallest administration unit in the district and be a useful reference book for schc.lars, Centra~ and State Governments, local Bodies and private institutions. The proposal of Vol idening the scope of the Census Handbook was accepted by the State Government in their G.O. Ms. No. 154, Public (Elections-II), dated the 31 st January 1961. It was also decided to publish it at the cost of the State Government,
The first District Census Handbook is on Coimbatore and is contained in this volume. It contains an introductory essay on all important aspects of the district, physical features, history, people and their social condition, agriculture, industries, public health, education, irrigation, electricity and other allied topiCS. Fourteen maps have been published; nine of thEm on each individual taluk and five on different aspects of the district. It contains "A" Series Tables, " B" Series, u C tt Series, SCT for each taluk, : C 1and ST I, and II. Seventy-two statements of administrative statistics classified under seven sections have been Included In this District Census Handbook.
I. Agriculture and IrrIgation. 2. Industry and labour. 3. Ed ucation. 4. Public Health. S. Law and Order. 6. Communications. 7. Miscellaneous. Ii
A new feature of the District Census Handbook is the village Directory which replaced the rural statistics included in the previous Census series. An abstract giving a complete list of all villages and towns in each taluk in the district along with the distribution of population by sex and various categories of workers has been added. It also gives an account of the basic amenities available in each vilfage such as educational, medical, irrigational, posts and telegraphs, communication and electrification. A villagewise list of industries classified according to the Indian Standard Industrial Classification COd2 and the tot~1 number of units in the different types of industry for each village, a list of fairs and festivals, an alpha betica' Ust of viUages a\ong with their corresponding Census location code number and a statement showing the type of soil and type of terrain, sources of irrigation, important wet and dry crops and value of such lands will also be found in this ·volume. These books contain the following interesting items :-
I. Gazetteer of place names.
2. Calendar of outstanding occurrences that have infl uenced the district.
It has been also my endeavour to include in this volume all items of infor .. ·mation collected by the Census Organisation in the course of the special studies undertaken during 1961 Census. Though the publication will be issued by the 'Government of Madras, the views expressed in the volume are personal and do .not bind the Government. This volume containing a variety of information relating to Coimbatore district will, I hope, be useful to the general public.
In keeping with the policy of the Government to make Tamil the language of administration, the Government of Madras have decided to issue an abridged' edition of District Census Handbook in Tamil. This abridgement will be done by the State Government, but they have kindly agreed to show it to me for comments before publication.
In preparing this volume~ I have been assisted by a large number of my staff. SpeCial mention should be made of Sri T. B. Bharati and Sri K. C. Narayana Kurup, ~y Deputy Superintendents, who have assisted me in compiling and test-checking the .material pieced together in this' volume. I am also grateful .to Sri Asok Mitra, I.C.S., Census Commissioner of India for having made it possible to conceive of a volume like this for publication in connection with the 196' 'Census.
P. K. Nambiar \. CONTENTS
PART I
PA.GES
~. . .. PREFA.CE ...... 1- 11 " " ,- '\ . Chapter I .. Int. !.ti}uctIOn . .. 1- 7 11;. )-, Chapter II ~. · . Characteristics of population 8-~ I
Chapter III .. People.. c. 21-~4 Chapter IV .. Housing 25-S3 Chapter V ... · . Agriculture and Ammal Husbandry 34-36 Chapter VI_ _ Irrigation 37-39 Chapter VII _ Education and Public Health 40-43 Chapter VIII · . Industries and Trade 44-49 Chapter IX _ Handloo' ; - - 50-00 Chapter X •.• Local Administration and Elections 56-59 Chapter XI _ Achievements under Five w Year Plans - 60-73 Chapter XII _ Temples - - - - 74-7~
PART II-CENSUS TABLES
A SERIES-GENERAL POPULATION TAJILES AI · . Area: Houses and Population- Fly leaf - - - - 81-82 Table - - - - 83-84 Appendix 1-1951 Territorial units constituting 85 the present set·up of Madras Start.' Sub·Appendix to Appendix I-Areas for 1951 85 and 1961 for those Municipal Towns which have undergone changes in area since 1951 Census Appendix II-Number of villages with a. 85 population of 5,000 and Over and towns with a population under 5,000 Appendix III-Houseless and Institutional 86 population. AU ... _ Variation in population during sixty years- ,Fly leaf ... •• . • 87 88 2
AlII _ Villa.ges classified by popula.tion- Fly leaf _ - Table - A IV Towns (and Town~Groups) classified by popu - lation with varia.tioa sinoo 1941- Fly leaf _ 0'-87 Table _ 98-101
B Sl!lRIl!I8.-GJ:NERAL EOONOMIc (B I-B IX) "-ND JrOUIJlROLD EOONOMIC (B X-B XVII) TABLES.
Now on B-Serie. Ta.bles ... .. 105 BI •• Workers and non-worken olasllified by SIX and - broad age groupe- Fly leaf 106 Table 107-108 B III Part A Industrial classification of workers and noa workers by educational leyels in urbaD areas only- Fly leaf l09 Table - 110-111
B III Part B h' Induitrial classifica.tion of workers and non workers by educationa.l levels in rural areas only- Fly leaf 112 Table - - - 113-11& B IV Part A _ Industrial classification by sex and class of worker of persons Itt work a.t household Industry- Fly leaf - - 119-UO Table - - - 121 .... 122 B IV Part B I,. Industrial cIa.siti cation ay sex and class of worker of per sons .t work in DQn-houaehold industry, trade, businesliJ, profession or service- Fly leaf ...... '. 123 Ta.ble .. - 12'-127 B IV Pa.rt C Industrial classification by sex and cl&s8 of worker of persons at work in household Industries, non-household industrie8, trade, business, profession or service- Fly lea.f _ •• •.. - 128 TabJe _ •• _ - 129-131 :BV Occllpational olaslifica.tion by sex of perSOD!! at work other than cultivation- Fly lea.f I. ... - 133 TAble .. ., . - - 134-134 PAGES :B VI Occupational division of persons at werk other than cultiTa.tion clusified by sex, broad age groups and educational lovell in urban a.reas only- Fly leaf •• 185 Table .. .. 186-193 B VII Par\ A PerSOBS working principally (i) as cultivators (ii) as agricultural labourers or (iii) a.t house hold industry clas~ified by sex and by secondary v; ork (i) at household industry (ii) as cult,ivator (iii) as agricultural labourtlr- Fly leaf 1'4 Tabla 195-197
B VII Part B Industrial classifica.tion by Ret: of persons working in non-house~old industry, trade, business, profession or service wh.o are also engaged in household in dustry.
Fly leaf .'. t •• 198 Table .. .. 11)8-200
~ VIII Part A Persons unemp](')yed aged 15 and a.bove by Bex, broad age groups and educational levels in urban 8Jrea8 only- Fly leaf •.• .. 201 Ta.ble •• ..... 202-2{)4: B VIII Part B .. Persons unemployed aged 15 and above by sex a.nd educational levels In rural aleae only- Fly leaf - 205 Table ... ~OG.
1) IX •• PerSuUt; uot at work classified by sex, ·broad age groups- 'and type of aotivity- Fly leaf .• 207 Table ... 20B-211 Note on Houlehold Economio Tables 215-~22 Appendix.-Local rights in land in Coimba 223-22( tore. BX Sa.tIlplA hs>pseholds (i) engaged neither in cultiva.tion nor household indmstl'Y, (iil "engaged either in cultivation or household industry but not in both and (iii) engaged both in cultivation aId household industry., for all areas- Fly leaf ... 225 Table ------22' B XI .. Sample households engaged in cultiva.tion classified by interest in land and size of land cultivated in rural and urban areas • "Ieparat,efy- Fly leaf - - .... 227-228 Table .,. ... - - !29-~3() 4
PAGES
:H XII Sample households engaged in cultiyation only classified by size of land cultivated and number of family workers and hired workers in rural and urban areas separately- Fly leaf .. · . 231 Table to'. 1 • ·. 232-244 B XIII ... Sample households engaged both in cultivation - and household industry showing size of land cultivated, classified by principal household industry for rural and urban areas sepa rately- Fly leaf .. 245 Table 246 Appendix to table B XIII ·. 247 B XIV Sample households engaged only in household - ind ustry classified by principal household industry in all areas- Fly leaf - 248 Part A .... Table-Households classified by major 249 groups of principal household industry and number of persons engaged. Part B .• Table--Household·, classified by minor 250-253 groups of principal household industry- Appendix to Table B XIV Part A 254
B XV •.• Sample households engaged both in cultiva.tion - and household industry classified by SIze of la.nd in rural and urban areas separately- Fly leaf - 255 Table - - - 256-267 B XVI ..• .,. Sample principal household industry classified by period of working and total number of porkers engaged in household industry in all areas- Fly leaf - 268 Table - - 269-274 Appe.qdix to table B XVI - ·. 275 :B XVII •" Sample household!:! classified by ( I) number of - male and female members by size of house~ , hoJds and (2) engagement (a) neither in "cultivation nor 1D industry; (b) in _(_l ') -household indllstry only; and (c) in cultivation sub-classified by size of land cultivated- Fly leaf - - - - 276 Table ... - - - 277-278 Appendix to table B XVII - - 279 5
P-'.GlI:S
C SERIES-CULTURAL TABLES or , .. Size and composition of sample households- , Introduction ... 283-284 OI Part B .. Family composition of sample households 285 Table. ell Age and marital status- Fly leaf. •• .. ,.. 286-287 Table ... .<, 288-295 C III . . Age, sex and education Fly leaf 296 Part A-Table-for a.ll areas 297
Part B~Table-for urban areas only 298-299 cv Language (Mother tongue)- Fly leaf ... 300 Table - 301-305 C VII Religion,
Fly leaf .,. I •• ... 306 Table ...... 307 C VIII ... Scheduled Castes and Soheduled Tribes Classification by literacy and industrial category by workers and non-workers- Fly leaf _ 308 Part A-Table-for Scheduled Castes ... 309 Part B-Table-for Scheduled Tribes - 310
SOT, So AND ST, SERIES
(SPECIAL TABLES lOR SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES.) seT I , .. Industrial classification of workers and non- workers by Sex for Scheduled Ca.stes and Scheduled Tribes- Fly leaf . , 313 Scheduled Cs.stes-Population 314-317
Scheduled Tribes-Population I • 318-319 •. . Part A Table-for Soheduled Castes 320-323 PartB Table-for Scheduled Tribes 324-'325 SeT II Age and Ma.rital Status for Scheduled Castes - - and Scheduled Tribes- Fly leaf ,., • • ... - 326 Part A Table-for: Scheduled Castes - 327-331 PartB Table-for, Scheduled Tribes 332-334 6
PAflES SOT III Education in rural and urban areas for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes- Fly leaf - ... 335 SOT III Part A (i) Table-Edumttion in urban areas only for 336-337 Scheduled Castes.
SOT III Part A (ii) .. Table-Education in urban areas only for 338 Scheduled Tribes.
SpT III Part B (i) .. Table-Education in rural areas only for 339 Scheduled Cast.es. seT III Part B (ii) .. T~ble-Education in rural areas only for 339 Scheduled Tribesi
SOT IV Religion for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes~ Fly leaf ... ·. .. 34:0 Part A Ta8le-for Scheduled Oasies ·. 341-34:2 Part B Table-for Scheduled Tribes .... - 34:3
SOTV Sample Households engaged in cultivation classified by interest jn land and size of land cultivated in rural areaa only for memberB of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled. Tribes- Fly le~f - 344-345 Part A Table~·for Scheduled Castes 34:8- Pa.rt B ." Table-for S.herluled Tribes ... 346
SC I Persons not at work classified by sex, type of activity a.nd educa.tiona.l levels for Scheduled Castes- Fly leaf · . 347 Table - ., ... 14:8-350
ST I .. Mother tongue and bilingualism for Soheduled Tribes- Fly leaf - ... 351 Table ... 352-358
ST II .. ... Persons not at work classified by lex and type o , of activity for Scheduled Tribes-
Fly leaf _ 'oO 3Sg Table .• ... 360-361 7
PAG.9 P1.RTIII
Fairs and Festivals ..
MAPS
Map of Coimbatore district showing vertioal hills, rivers, tanks, National Highways, Railway lines and Towne. Fron~ilpiece
Facing page Map of Coimba.tore district showing rainfall. 4 Ma.p of Coimbatore district !Showing communications - Map of Coimbatore Jistrict showing occupational structure of 104: taluks.
Map of Coimbatore district showing Fairs a.nd Festivals and 364 important temples. n 0' 77 30' COIMBATORE DISTRICT GENERAL SCALE Miles ~ 0 10 15 i ! ! ~~ : i o 5 0 s 10 Kilometres 12 ~s 0' 0' MYSORE
SALEM 30 30'
NILGIRIS
.\ .
'"" '~Io ,, ~ .1 0' ' .. ~ ~ ••• ___ ..... Karur ~ I TIRUCHIRAPAlli -""'" "'""" 1 )-1 ... I -- t"' REFERENCE State Boundary District Boundary -.-._ MADURAI raluk Boundary Railway Line (Broad Gauge) Railway line (Metre Gauge) National Hignways State Highways River with Stream Towns • Vertical Hills (approXimate) 77 0' 77 30' Reg. No.2" E 64 (Saka. Era. 1886). Reproduced from Indentor'S Original. P. Z. P., C. S. 0., Madras. 5. DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK COIMBATORE CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The City of Ooimbatore has a definite place in t.he north it is bounded by the arm of the Western Gh&t~ map of India. With its salubrious climate and stretching to a distance of 60 miles towards the east. picturesque background of mountains and with its This consism of the tall ranges of Nilgiri, Biligirirsngan textile industry and technical institutions, its role in and H.~sanur hills on the border of Mysore and the the developing economy of Maaras State is significant. Burgur and Palamalai hills on the border or Salem As it is, the district of Coimbatore in which the city is district. On the west are the Vellingiri and Boluvam. located leads other distl'icts by its agrarian aDd industrial patti hills forming part of t,be Western Ghatf1.. On the development recorded during the last 30 years. In the south, another arm of the Western Ghats stretches from public mind, the glol'Y of Coimbatore is associated with the the Anamalai hills on the border of Kerala up to the enterprising industrialists who have done much to increase Palui hills in Madurai district. The wide basin lying the industrial potential of the district to which we will between these. stretches of mounta.ins slopes gradually have occasion to refer later. But its economy is based towards the east and it is drained by three tributaries on its sound agriculture built up by its hard working of the River Cauvery-the Bhavani, Noyyil and Amara. agriculturists and supported by a number of irrigation va.thi. The River Cauvery itself, after emerging from projects constructed during the last decade. Its agrarian the Mettm reservoir in Salem district runs due south economy is further sustained by cottage industries which up to Erode forming for the most part the eastern are practised on a large scale in the district. Coimbi1tore boundary of Coimbatore district. Thereafter the rive]," has the highest standard of life in Madras State. Para· turns towards south·eastern direction runs for a distance doxically it has not been blessed by nature. Its soils of 25 miles acting as a boundary between Coimbatore are not fertile. It has the least quantity of rain among and Salem districts and flows into Tiruchirappalli district. all the districts and no valuable mineral deposit can be Though the wide basin forming Coimbatore district found. The development of Coimbatore district is, generally slopes towards the east, on the south-western. therefore! a tribute to the ha.rd working people who portion in Pollachi taluk, the sloping can be found towards inhabit the land. the west along the Palghat Gap. River Aliyar runs along this slope and drains .iuto Kerala. In the west we Physical features.-Coimbatore district has an area of have a passage of funnel Shaped opening into the wes' G,024 square miles aIld lies between 10°. 10' and ]2'. (X)! coast cutting across Western Ghats t() a depth of 25 miles. of the northern latitude and 76°. 40' and 78°. 00' of the The exist.ence of a gap on the western side has con eastern longitude. To the north of the district lies the siderably influenced the climate and trade in the district. Kollegal taluk of Mysore State and a part of Salem During the sQuth·we'3t monsoon, a considerable quantity district which extends to the eastern border also. The of rain is carried along this gap into Pollachi taluk. After River Cauvery forms the eastern boundary of the districi; shedding the rains, the winds gushing out of this gap for a long distance running between Coimbatore and develop into virulent dry winds and sweep through Salem districts. TiruchirappaUi district. lies to the south PallHdam and Dharapuram taluks making these areas east while Madurai district and Kerala State form the endemically liry and famine-stricken. This gap also border. rrhe western boundary of Coimbatore sOIl~hel'n provides a passage for the dist·rict to reach Cochin Portl district is marked by the Nilgiri district and the Kerala. and other places in Kerala State. Free flow of trade to State. and from Kerala takes place through the gap both by rail and road. The reaion can bep,t be described in general as Ii vast to stretch of undulating plain gently sloping towards the River Cauvery in the east and south-e~st. The dist,rict Changes in 1951-61.- In 1951 the district had is open on the eastern side with a plain country, but is 10 taluks. Now it has only nine, the change being due surrounded on three sides by lofty mOlintains. On the to the deletion of KoUegal taluk which WM merged wit.h 2: Mysore State consequent on the Reorganisation of States As the lay of the land in the district is undulatory in 1956 on linguistic basis. The details of the nille taluk8 drainage was never a problem any\vhere in the district. are given in the following statement:- " Soils are generally of a fair composition chemically by reason of the potash, lime and magnesia of the .lIn of Revenue nla.dquarlell. JurIJdic\ion T&luk talll'k in' original rocks but the gravels are insuffiCiently hell.d.llua.rtet3. Iq.milu Dirisions. b.1Uli. decomposed. The odai soil is almost pure indurated (5} (1) (2) (S) (') lime stone with a moderate admixture of soil in vast Pollachi .. 70S'S 1 Pollachi .. Pollachi .. Pollachi .. areas, but the surface of the soil is extremely thin and Udumalpet Udum6.lp6t 554'9 sub-soil raw I semi-decomposed rock". 'l'hese observ3- P&lla.dam •• Pa.Ilad&ill .. 58H tions are found in the Manual of Coimbatore district .. 2 Erode ., Erode Erode .. Erode 59'" published in 1887. In general, the soil can be classified Dhtor&puram Dhllrrapuram 856" into two main groups-black and red. But the more 3 Gopichetti. Gopichctti. Gopichetti. Gopichtti· 1,121'11 useful classification will be in to loam and sandy groups, pall\yaIn pal&ya.m p61a.yaID palayam The clayey vadety exists in certain part,>; of the district. BhulWi .. Bhavani " 572<4- Briefly we can state that black clay soil is found t~ Coimba.tore 5~N ~ Coimbatoro Coimbaiore Coimb .. tor~ exist in Coimbatore, south.west of Udumalpet and AV811Mhi .. Avanas:hi .. 493-S Palladam taluks. Black loam is found in parts of 11. vanashi, Gopichettipalayam, Erode and Pollacbi The transfer of Kollege.l from Coimbatore reduced the taluki, In Bhnani, Erode and Dharapuram regioDS, size of the district CODsiderably by an extent o£ 1,076 soil is found to be rather sandy, stony and of the square miles. But as Rollegal always ht1d a topography gravelly type. and other pbysical characteristics entirely different from Blaek variety ],ed variety those of the rest of the district, its deletion hardly upset' (Per cent). (Per cent) Na.me or taluk$ r-----'-~ r--.... -~ the actual sct-up of the region. It was often held that OIlY Loam Sind Loam 8a.nd I{olleCJal in its physiographic conditions belonged more (]) (!) (3) ( 4) (6) (6) to th: Mysore plateau than t.() Coirnbatore district and 1 Bhavani 3'6 0'3 n·7 84'5 could be better administered from Mysore. In this , Gopichettipalay_m 8'0 32'5 59'3 context, it is worthwhile recalling the view)!; recorded by 3 Erode 1'2 18'S 80'0 Sri F. A. Nicholson who has stated as followB:- 4 Dha.rapur&m 0'2 4'0 10'6 85'~ .. The Kollegal to.luk to the north lies above Ghats 5 Pa.I!sd9Jll 6'0 7'9 8'2 14'1 63'8 and lorms part of the Mysore plateau; it is wholly 5 Avanashi o·! 5'4 0'6 22'7 71-1 distinct from the re8~ of the district from which it is 7 Coinlhatore u·! 13'S 0-7 35'6 3S'7 separated by the hilly ranges of Satyarnangaillm and 8 Poll.chi 3'4: 2'7 39'3 lSi'4 Bhavani," 9 Udum&lpet 12-4 ll'O 0'4 17'7 57·7 A careful study of the above Table will give a. clear In 1951 the district was divided into five Revenue idea regarding the distribution of various types of soil divisions for administration. Consequent on the separa. in Coimbarore region, Of these various groups, black tion of judiciary from the executive the jurisdictions cotton soil is said to be the best variety while red sand of Pollachi, Erode, Gopichettipalayam were considerably is the worst kind_ Unfortunately more than 67'6 p':lf widened and the other two divisions abolished. This was cent of the occupiea area consists onIy- red type of Boil. based more on the principle t.hat the separation of the With the singular exception of black (Jotron soil, the judiciary from the e:xecutive should be effected without region cannot be said to be fertile. In the black cotton. any extra expenditure to the Government. rrhis,. how soil, unirrigated short staple cotton is cultivated. In ever, adversely affected the efficiency of the administra· red soil, millet and groundnut are the maior crops tion and in 1955 the old Coimbatore division with cultivated. Where there is facility for copious irriga jurisdiction over Avanashi and Coirnbatore taluks was tion as in river cbannels, paddy and sugarcane are grown. restored. All the nine taluks are now distributed among In the garden lands, irrigated by wells, millets, long four revenue divisions-Pollachi, Erode, Gopic1etti staple cotton and tobacco are cultivated in patches. For palayam and Coimbatore, Of these, Pollachi is an I.A.S. decades, inteDsive cultiva.tion has been conducted in division. The jurisdiction of this division extends ont Coimbatore district which has made the soil leEls fertil9. the three taluks, PoUachi, Udumalpet and PallaJam But aJitoempts have a.lways been made to enrich it by while ~he other divisiong have only two bluks each. cont.inuous manuring. Its HIstory-Ea1'ly perlod.- T'o understand the Ksfur to assist Sundara Pandya. This W')}:l the beginning modern Coimbatore, it is desirable to have a brief - of Muslim occupation of Madurai. When Madurai was account or the history of this area, The history of occupied by the Muslim Viceroys of Delhi, Kongu country Kongunad of livhich Coimbatore is a part is a record of which had come under the rule of the Pandyas pass3d the rise and faU ot dynasties, invasions and t~nne.ra on to the Muslim invad€rs. The Madurai Sultanate was tions and cessation of territories and ultimate sub(JrdiM overthrown by Vijayanagar rulers finally in 1377-78. The tion to the British following the fall of Tippu Sultan Rongu region was actually occupied by Vijayanagar rulers of Mysorc. A reference to Kongunad can be found ill as early as 1368 A.D. After the'death of Vijayanagar the lii-erature of the Sang am age. It would appear that ruler Devaraja II, the Kongu country virtually became in the early period of Christian era, the Kongu country independent, but Krishna Devs Raja (1509-1529) once comprised of the whole of the present Coimbatorc again annexed it. From this period onwards, the Kongu district, t,he southern taluks of Salem district, Karur country had no independent history. of its own. taluk of Tiruchirappalli and ,£alni taluk of Madurai district. The region was tribal, inhabited by Malass8rs, From 1530-1700, Kongunad remained under i,he Kosars and Kongar tribes. The Kosars had their capital Madurai Nayaks. The area now comprising the districts at Kosamputhur which most probably became the of Madurai, Ramanathttpuram, Tirunelveli, Tiruchirap present Coimbatore. During the beginning of the palli, CoimbatoTB, Salem and put of Rerala State was Christian era, the Chera rulers overpowered the tribal under the rule of Viswanath NSY£lk (1529-64) and then inhabitants and held their supremacy over the Kongu under his son Krishnappa Nayak and then Virappa Nayak. It is in evidence that the earlier Nayaks were territory. But their glory W88 short lived, They in turn were overthrown by the Rashtrakutas which dynasty able to give peace and prosperity to the area. But during under the powerful rulers VijaYllchakravarthy, Govinda the reign of Muthu Veerappa Na.ye.k and later Thlrurual rajan and others held the territory till the end of Fifth Nayak, intermittant wars destroyed the peace anel tran Century A.D. Their capital was known as Skanda· quillity and ultimately Tirumal Nayak losf, the Kongu puram which is the present Dharapuram. They were region to the Mysore ruler Chamaraja Wodayar. Mysore efficient administrators. They had i'I-Jeir own coinage held the territory for a short time only to be annexed system, Alter Rashtrakutas, the Gangans stepped in. by the Oamatic Nawab Chanda Saohab. During its short The chronology and geneology of the Gangans lack in vassalage under the Mysore kingdom, the Kongu country authenticity, but it is beyond controversy tbat the including Coimbatore had no separate history. Its destiny sovereignty of the Ganga. rulers remained over the and hist ------t. ". Taluk Boundary " .. I ." •••• " -_-_-_-_-_------~j ------....:.. .. :------] __ ---- ; ---- t _ B~AVANI - t, __ _ " o ." SALEM o II -. !..--;- .. - \1 iO' GopicheUipalayam -- : ':7'!._:i -_ . 30' - - - :- . ----- : - :7.• ;:. NILGIRIS ---- - :". .:.-.... II:~ ------~-- -- •••• t .: ~_- -:~. -:::' .':.:_-::- - - .. ::..: ... :..------ERODE ::_ '--'''' - . - . - ) . l700 . \ , , .• ,t' III...... "'- • " : ' • • #~ • ,'T'-·...., · .'( (,\ ,I' · . .} o .. tt · · .'" o II II . . ' o . 0' PAllADAM .. . , . .. ." . · J ...... I • • '1 • TIRUCHtRAPALLI ... :' DHARAPURAM .•J.,...... ' ., f · . :v:( · .r·""\-. . . ..,..·"" .·" tI:{ I t, • ' r .. t ... " 'Dh~ro~u(?m . • • . . ( \ . ('. ~ KERALA ~ ...... 1'-' t · . \ ..... : . / ...., . 'r . \ ..'-, r .\ . ~'./. ~. ; .... :: . : ~ U~um~l~t :(1 . Scale for Annual Rainfall • (in m.m.) . . . . . ( r----..;___---, M. m. . .. , I .1, Rainfall in Millimetres zoo - UD~~T : : 5' MADURAI 600 and Below ~~700 ISO 600 - 700 800 100 QOO 700 - 800 800 - 900 50 900 - 1000 Months 1000 - 2000 (Jan. - De(.) o o 2000 and Above 77 0' 77 30' Reg. NO.214- E '64 (Saka Era 1886). Reproduced from Indentor's Original. P. Z. P., C. S. 0., Madras. 5. resembles that of another yea.r. However for a detailed and PaUadam taluks and the southern border of Erode ,study separate rainfall and temperature charts for the taluk. Finally it enters Cauvery at the junction of last decade have been provided in Part V of tbis Karur and Erode taluks. Even though the stream is Volume. generally fed by the south-west monsoon, new freshes due to north-east monsoon sometimes lead to floods. It The quantum of rainfall in this district can never be irrigates considerable areas in Coimbatore, Palladam and predicted. It is generally sClIDty which sometimes Dharapuram taluks. The river Amaravathi originates in results in complete failures. Rainy mor..ths can be the Travancore side or the Anamalais and flows into grouped into three seasons. Udumalpet taluk and later into Dharapuram and Rarur (1) Summer rains which may amount to 6 inches ~aluks. It runs through the district ror over 140 miles to 9 inches during the months of March, April and May. before finally it falls into Cauvery at Tirumakudal in Tiruchirappalli district. (2) South-west monsoon rains from June to middle of September fall m!)stly in south-western portion of the No importance was attached to the rivers flowing to dist'rict lying opposite to the Palghat gap. the west towards Kerala Sta.te till the conception of the Parambikulam Project. It is now felt that rivers flowing (3) During the north-west monsoon, the months of towards the west could be exploited to the benefit of October to December) the whole district gets rain rangin~ ryots in Mauras State without adversely affecting the from 6' inches to 12 inches, interests of Kerala State. The average rainfall in the northern taluks is 28·98 inches Palm' and Aliyar are the two important rivers which because of the strategic position. Pollachi gets an annual flow towards the west. Palar rises in the Anamalai rainfall of 36·3 inches. The other southern tll-Iuks in ranges in Udumalnet taluk and flows in a north-westerly the district get only 22 inches annually. Though the direction. It is strengthened by another small river ' rains are scanty in most parts of the district, the ryota Nallar which also rises in the Anamalais. The Palar by practice bave evolved a well-suited calendar of agri continues its north-westerly course until it joins the river cultural operations so as to get the maximum benefit out AIiyar, a few miles west of Arnbirampalayam in Pollachi of its rains. taluk. Rivers.-Cauvery with its tributaries Bhavani and Aliyar is known as Tunakadavu Ar during its early Amaravathi and Noyyil const·itute the mam rivers of the stages. It rises in the Anamalais and is joined by various region. But for Palar and Aliyar rivers which rise in small streams. The river Uppal' joins it a few miles tl18 Anamalais and flow westwards through Pollachi north pf Vettaikaranpudur. Running in a northerly taluk , all rivers in the district fall into the river Oauveri direction, it receives the river Palar and takes a north. either direct or through some of its maJ:n' tributaries. wes~rly course and finally enters Kerala State where it The Cauvery enters Coimbatore district in the east. is known as Bharathapuzha liver. First it enters Bbavani taluk where it is fed by the river Bhuvani and rum; as a, boundary between Coimbatore and Sholaiyar lEI another river which has its c)gm in Salem, and receiving Noyyil enters Tiruchirappalli dis Coimbatore district [lnd flows wesi,wal'ds int.o Kemla. trict. Amaravathi which runs through Coimbatore joins Rising in the Anamalais in Pollachi tal uk , it takes south· Grruvery in rriruchil'appalli district, Bhavani is more westerly route and enters Kerala State. or less a perennial stream which rises in the Palghat district of the Kerala State. It is mostly fed by the The Parambikulam-Chalakudi river has its origin in south-west monsoon and hence is generally full during the Western Ghats near Ramalakhman Malai. It flows June-August period. It receives freshes during the through Coimbatore district for 12 miles before it enters north"east monsoon, subsides and runs very slow during Kerala State, In this district, it is known as Periyar. summer. It traverses over 100 miles through Bhavani It first flows in a southern direction and then westwards and Gopichettipalayam taluks before enbcring Cauvery and crosses the district border on the west to enter at Bhavani, NOYJil is yet another river or Coimbatore Kerala. and it has its origin in Bolampatti Valley of the Velan giri hills, 25 miles west or Coimbatore town. It flows Mention should also be made or the Idamalai Ar. This is formed by 1he riv,er Kallal' and a lew other minor throucrht> the centre of the district to about 108 miles from west to east through Coimbatore and Palladam streams. It flows westwards along the soutl1em borders ~aluks forming the northern Boundary in Dharapuram of the district. • Flora and Fauna.- The Bora and fauna are rich Bnd Though Coimbatore is not favoured with a fertile soil varied. All the trees that are found in the south. because of a vast net work of small streams, the region eastern regions are found in Coimbatore district also. can be said to be rich. Black cotton soil which is found Palmyrah trees abound in Erode, PaIIlldam and Dhara to exist in limited areas of the distriat has encouraged puram taluks and are less frequent in other parts oj' the cotton cnltivlJ.tion. Nature has given onh the averarrE' " c district. Bamboos arc found only very sparsely and it type of soil to the district, but has blessed the place can broadly be stated that they are almost not repre with a rich and varied type of flora and fauna. sented in the regions in spite of the fact that they can be grown in plenty on the banks of the rivers and canals. CommunicatioDS.-The district has a good system of Neem and tamarind are the most popular avenue trees roads. During the early days of the century, it did not €Ven though other kinds are found. The other varieties have even metal roads connecting the difJerent centres. that aI'8 found more frequently are coconut, plantain It now ranks flrsb in the Stat.e w;th (\ total milenge of and mangoes in areas bordering Salem district. Apart 3,682. It has 78 miles of National Highways, 11")7 miles from these, timber of fiDe quality· is found in the hilly of Stute Highways, 1,875 m!le~ of district road:; ,ind regions and forest". Teakwood, blackwood and sandal 1,532 miles of village roads. The good condition of the wood are the main products from the forests of Coirn roads is partly because of the easy availability of road patore. The transfer 9f Rollegal to Mysore has very building materials and partly because of the dry climate much reduced the sandal output from the district. prevailing for most part of the year. The condition of Even though fine quality timber is availa.ble, there exists the village roads improved appreciably in the last decade 8 market for timber imported from PaJghat region of as many of them were taken up as famine relief works Kerala State. and as Local Development Works. The conditioIl o£ the roads in the Qroject areas of the Lower Bhavani Canals, Fauna of the district is rich and well distributed. It the Mettur West Bank Canal Rnd the Amaruvathi abounds in every South Indian species of wild animals. Project. Canal recorded SDme deterioration. But attempts North and north-eastern regions of the distriet are said are being mtide by thD Highways Department to bYing to be centres for wild animals. Elephants are found in iliem up to the original standard. This necessitated the large numbers in the thick forests and in the hilly ra.Diel construction of a number of aqueducts, culverts, bridge& in these areas. Anamalais has derived its name from the and road dams in places where branch Ghannels and abundance of elephants in t,he nearby forests. fl'igers irainage waterways cut across the roads, It also are found in the jungles of the district; more so in the necessitated the relaying of roads wherever it had sunk northern region. On either side 01 the me! Bhavani, due to underground seepage of water. The amoun~ Cheetahs are found. These species of wild animals are spent on roads in the past 10 years is given below:- fery scarcely distributed. Wolf is very rare and is found to exist in Palladam taluk. FOles and Jackals are found Er~endltlIre Name of.ork )liles Namber 10. akha;of in large numbers both in the hilly regions and in the IUPM& (1) (!) (a, 1:l1ains as well. Other species that are found are spotted (4) NeW' roads 80 Deer, Monkeys, and Squirrels. Of these the first item is 2·06 .M:~t.lling ,. 94,3 40'35 found in plenty in hilly regions and sometimes in plains T&r roads .. %70 27-60 also. But they cllonnot survive in elevation above C{)ment concrete 8 6'10 2,500 feet. Monkeys are well distributed in the district. Road dalD8 19 2'70 Besides common grey monkeys, Malabar Langur, Lien Big bridgtts 16 51-75 Culverts .. 30 Monkeys are found in ~i8 region. The Squirrels are of 11'11 Small bridges 93 15'09 'hree ~aior types-common variety, striped and By Bridge.! ext.6uded 13 2'74: type. In addition to these rats are plenty, both common Total 1,301 rats and musk rats. .' 171 165·(4, Apart from the above mentioned species, the region can boast of the Kangayam breed of Bulls noted for its work and quality. Also found are Alambadi cattle frOID A gooa system of fast roads has aided the increase in the neighbouring areas. There is nothing Bpecial about the motor vehicular traffic. Next to Madras, Coimbatol'e the bird", of the district. Most of the Routh Indian district ranks first in the number of motor vAhicIes regis. species are represented in this region. Most cl)mmoU t8l'fld. At present it has more than 15,000 .1lotor. among them aJ'e the Patridges, Quail, Crows, Bats and vehicles. For the benefit of travellers, the district con Owls. Sometimes the Indian Cuckoo is also seen in this ~ns a lot of Travellers' BungaJows, Project Houses, region. Also found are Vultures in this area. In.ipBetion Bungalows, Rest Houses and Choultries. , 77. aD COIMBATORE DISTRICT 12° 12° 0' COMMUNICATIONS 0' Miles 5 0 10. lr . ~ i MYSORE 5 0 5: 15 Kilometres ( ~ fr-. r~ \ f ~ " C 0 ~ P I ~ ",v-. ~ ~ ~ l' I 11° 11 ° 30' 30 ' SALEM NILGIRIS KERALA 10 ° 30' REFERENCE MADURAI State Boundary District Boundary Taluk Boundary- Railway line (8. G.) Railway Line (M. G.) 12 Roads with Distances (in MilesJ Rivers Towns • Rest House R Post & Telegraph Office PT Police Station s Petrol Pumps e ° , . , 77 0 77 30 Reg. No.2.12. 'E U (Saka Era. 1886) P. Z. P., C. S. 0., Madras. 5. Reproduced from Indentor'S Original 7 A list aT such places will be found in the Appendix. The by railway, there are schemes to connect Coimbatore roads and bridges are looked (tUer by two Divisional with Mysore (via) Ss.byamangalam and Tiruppur with Engineers of the Highways Department with head- Palani (via) Dharapuram. quarters at Coimbatore and Erode. The district is also ·connected by rail with important cities. The south- Coimbatore has also an airport. BecauM of its indus· western broad-guage branch line connecting Madra.s with trial importance, the volume of all' traffic has steadily ilie West Coast passes through the three important towns increased. Daily services connect t·his place with of Erode, Tiruppur and Coimba.tore. Erode is also eon· Madras, Bangalore, Cocllin and Triva.ndrum. The dis nected by broad-gauge railway to Tiruchirappalli. From trict has approximately 500 post OffiCBS. Of these, one Coimbatore a broad-guage line runs up to MettupalayaID i. a head post office. Forty-six are sub-post offices. The which is connected· to Ootacamund by a mountain rail Dthers are branch post offices or extra-department,.1 way. Coimbatore is conneuted to Madurai (via) Pollachi branch or sub-offices. Telegraph facilities ':}xist in almost and Udumalpet by a meter-guc.ge line. Though a few all sub-offices. Telephone exchanges exist in 25 towns impotant towns in the dist,rict are still no' connected in ~his district with over 7.000 connegtions. CHAPTER II CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULATION Table 1 shows the variation in the total, rural and tendf::! to inflate the rates for urban. areas. Hence the urban population of Coimbatore district -during 1901 to birth and death rates for urban and rural areas may be 1981. It may be seen that the variation of population ~aken as the possible upper and lower limits for the pro has not been uniform during the last six decades. The bable level of birth and death rates. If this assnmption growth of population in the Coimbatore district was holds good, the birth rate for Coimbatore district for small in 1901-11 and 1911-21 (around 7 per cent) and it Hl51-60 should fall in the range 22 and 38 and likewise progressively increased to 17·21 per cent in 1941-51 and hhe death rate should fall in the range 10 tc) 14. The again the percentage variation has fallen to a lower level rate of natural increase for urban areaa is showing a (If 12·78 per cent. It is interesting to examine the rural liiteady increase whereas in the case of rural areas the rate and urban differentials in the growth of population. The of natural increase bas been fluct.uating around a level of growth of population in the decade 1911-21 has been l2 per 1,000. lower than the previous decade in both rural and urban areas. This is mainly attributable to the influence of the Item 9 of Tahle No.2 gives a picture of the migration influenza epidemic which raged in the period 1917-18 cum·statistical error. taking a hugo toll of human lives and depleted the popu· It is observed that the migration-eum.statistical error lanon in several places. Following this period, the has a steady trend over the period 1921-30 to 1951-60 population has grown more rapidly than before, in both when it stood at 55 per 1,000 of the average population rural and urban areas. In 1921-31 and 1931-41 decades of the decade. On the other hand t the' urban migration the rural populatton has grown by about 10 per cent cum·statistical error has fluctuated in the different whereas the 1951-61 decade stands out uniquely for the decades and the 1951-60 rate is the lowest ever recorded. lowest ever recorded percentage variation for rural areas. It is difficult to draw any inferences regarding the fluctua One possible explanation will be evident from the table tions in migrati()n-cum·statistical enor for the last four itself which shows, a steady tr€lld. towards urbanisation .zecades due to lack of comparable data regarding their since 1921. In fact, the lower percentage variation in component elements, viz., migration, and errors in regis· 1911-21 as against 1901-11 tells of the damage caused to bratlon a.nd Censuses. human lives by the influenza epidemic but for which the variation of population in that decade might have been Decennial growth and migration.- It is, however, of the order of 30 per cent (average of the 1901-11 and interesting to compare the migration to and :from Coim 1921-31 variations). Since 1921, there has been a steady baoore district as evidenced by the 1961 Census. In the increase in the percentage variation of urban population 19B1 Census, data on migration were collected through frOID 37 per cent in 1921-31 to 63 per cent in 1951--61. a question of the place of birth and the Table D. II gives details of the migrants according as they were born However to get a clearer picture of the dynamics of within the district , other. districts of the State 01' e18e- the population of Coimbatore district, one must look where in India. The Appendix to Table D. II gives the to the birtl and death statistics. Table No. 2 gives a figures of persons born in Coimbatore and enumerated in picture of the growth rate in the last four decades com other districts of the State. Tables 3 and 4 pre· pared to the birth, death and natural increase rates for sent the picture of the in and out migration in respect these decades. A longitudinal examination of the death of Coimbatore district. Since the data on the number of rates shows a definit,e decline since 1921. The birth ra~e persons born in Coimbatore district and enumerated in for urban areas has shown an increasing trend whereas other States are not available one has to content oneself the birth rate for rural areas has declined steadily in the with the available data. decade 1931-40, 1941-50 and 1951...uO. Normally, the urban registration is fairly accurate and the figures may The persons born in other districts and enumerated in be taken as portraying the situation more correctly. CoimbatDre district number 156,938 consist1ng of 47,597 However i it has been common experience during the last in rural areas and 109,341 in urban areas. On the other decade that urban areas attract large number of out~ hand, Coimbatore has sent 163,841 to oth'er districts- aiders on account of their hospital facilities and this 83,634 to rural areas and 80,207 to urban areas of these 9 districts; the balance is an out-migration to the,other distQrtf:l the picture of migration. It ha.s been estimated districts o£ the order of 7,000. Birth placer,data '>!;llfters that the " lifetime migrants " or the number of persons from a serious limitation, viz., it does not take into bol'll in other districts and enumerated in Coimbatore dis 'account any. of the intermediary movemen~_ Further, trict in 1951 is around 83,000 and in co.mrarison to this in this State the custom of the pregnant women, going the 1961 figure of 156,938 shows an increa:;e in life time back to· their matern51 homes for delivery considerably immigration to Coimbatore district_ TABLE I-Variation in population during the last 60 years, in Coimbarore di8b'tct_ Total popuIaiion Rurll population Urban :population r-----~-----, ---'----. __....__ Year, Persona Decide Percentage PeRona Decade Pertentage PenoDs Deeade Percenta,. TlrilUOIl variatioD variation nriatiou variation varlatton (1) (2) (8) (') (5) (&) (7) (8) (9) (10) 1901 1,844,404: 1,714,236 ,. 130,168 ' 1911 1,976,04:9 131,645 7'l4 1,813,200 98,964 0'77 162,84:9 32,681 25'l1 1921 2,100,727 124,678 6'31 1,908,869 95,669 5'28 191,S58 29,009 17-81 1931 2,339,807 239.080 11'38 2,076,322 167,453 8'77 283,4:85 71,627 37-33 194J .. 2,691,057 351,250 15'01 2,288,4:38 212.116 10-22 4.02,619 139,134 52-81 1951 3,154,296 463,239 17-21 2,520,104 231,666 10'12 634:.192 231,573 57-5!a 1961 3,557,471 403,175 12'7S 2,525,302 5,19& O'~1 1,032,1t]9 397,977 62-75 TA.BLE 2-Mean. Decennial growth rate in Ooimbatare district in the last Jour decadu. 1I~51-60- l~U-SO. 193H:(). 1921-30. (2) (1) (S) (i) (5) 1 M.!l1lrIl popula.tion of the decade (by the T 3,4.al,061 2,932,141 2,523,139 2,226,158 . geometric method)_ R 2,716,375 2,t68,332 2,224,102 2,002,589 U 71-4:,686 463,809 299,037 223,569 2. Growth of population during the decade .. ·T 404,198 461,606 354:,618 24.2,463 R 157,567 215,241 27:1,623 170,5/)9 U 246,631 246,365 81,995 71,904 T H-g 3. Mea.n Decennial Growbh Rate .. 15'7 14:1 10'9 R 5'8 S-7 12-3 8-5 34,-5 U 53'1 27'4 32-2 registered during the 865,349 927;S~8 4_ Number of births T 882,634 678,160 decade_ R 59.2,548 762,783 780,448 6U,94,1 U 272,801 164,605 102,186 66,2U , T 25'2 31'6 5, Mea.n Deoonnial birth ra.te . .. 35-0 30'5 R 21'8 30'9 35-1 30'& U 38'2 35-5 34-2 29'6 T 391,527 541,000 6. Dea.ths regiltered during the deoade 496.296 438,507 R 285,356 '39,307 430,t80 385,616 U 106,171 101,693 65,816 oil, 99 I , T 11'4 18'0 7. Mean Decennia.l dea.th ra.te . .. 19'7 19-7 R 10-5 17'8 19'4: 19'3 U 14-9 2Hl 22'0 23'7 8, Decennial rate of Na.tural Increase -. T 13-S 13-1 .. 15'3 10-8 R U'3 13'1 15'7 U-3 U 23·3 13-6 12'2 5-9 8. Jlilration.M!'i-S.. tiatioal error ., T -!-O 2-6 -}'2 0-1 R -5'5 -4'-4, -3" -.2'8 U II-! S~'5 15-2 '6", 0-2 10 .. ..,,, .....,'". . 1":' .... ~I = ! ~ I "" ~I I'"" I I~ I I~ I . .,M I~ I :~ I~I 1['0 l ....t.. I~ I '" I:) ...... COl ~ "... .. ;~'" •.. 0 :;II 'ii- ~I)! I~I I. ~ 1:110 .... I~ 1 I:c e ,~ l~I I I ~ I ~I I "I... 1 ..... ,tf I: [ 110.. )~ I~I I~ I~ ...... ! Q ... 1:-1 . . . .S ~ Migration trenda-Coimbatore aUg-Ct)imbatore City n is found thai Coimbabe hIS mail'lt&ined a dea.dy deserves special attention on accoun. of meiropoli1a.n fea. growth in the urban population, This growth has become tures. Only a little over 56 per cent of U~e City more marked during the las. $bree decades, mors so population originally belonged lo i.. The rest is the between 1951-61. The process of urbanization is a mlo.. result of immigration from norious quarters. A percent rate of change in the early period of ,hi, century follo,,~d age analysis of these immigrants will ehow that persons by .. steep rise. born within the district but noil in ~e City, personl born outside district but within ~he State and perllons bom . The statement below will ahow the distribu$ion of outside the State accounted for 18·6 per cent, 10·8 per lowns under 6ach class and the 1oia1 number of lowna cent and 13·6 per eent respectively of the lotal popula since 1901:- tion. Scrutiny of the dur&ti!)D of residenee of theBe Year Tot.&l I II In IV V immigrants in the City revetll th&t nearly 71 per cent of (1) (2) (3) (() (6) (6) (7) (8) them were residents. of the City for over three years and lI~OI 10 1 6 3 11m 13 1 7 4, 1 the duration of residence of the rest 29 per cent or 80 lUI , 13 1 1 'J. ., . L_ 4 varied very much but never exceeded three years. The 1~31 13 I ! 7 3 birth place analysis will further reveal that 60·9 per cent lUI 20 4, 7 8 of the total immigrants. had migrated. from rural areBi 1851 23 1 .z 6 10 4 .. within the district, within other districts of the State l~il 34 1 4, 8 II 8 .2 or outside the State. It would be noti~ed thai the per centage of male immigrants from rural areas to total The number of towns has ste&dily increa~ed from 1901 malE' immigrants into the City was 3S high as Bl·t>. to 1931; a larger increase will, however, be no~ced for rl'his will perhaps be accounted by the common factor the decades 1931-41 and 1951-61. No first clas~ town. that urban centres generally tend to attract workers and existed in the district till 1941. Again, the towns under job-seekers from rural areas and that males are likely to II, III and IV have increased in number decade by constitute a great majority among such people. The decade. The rat€ of growth of urba.n population tha~ statement below will give further statistical details remains considerably higher than thai of rural popula regarding the Coimb&tore City population-relevant to bion in each of the decades is indica.ed below:- our study. P(lleent'ile P,!IOU to tota-l Companion of aggregate. of 'Urban and nral Particulllrs population areal of Oo~mbatoTe diltrict. (l) (~) (3) 56'3 Born in the city . . .. 159,459 N... Born within the district :12,1198 18'6 .alialiaR 1101 Itll 11121 HIll 1~41 1951 It&l from except in the city. 1001-1111 Born in ·other districts of the 30,561 10·g State, (1) (I) (I) (4) (Ii) (') (7) (8) (9) Born outside the Stare .. 3,,3~S IS" ,. INS 35·10 Total population of Coim· 28S,01& 100'0 Urban H,'03 50'62 5&'37 58'02 658'63 batorB city. Rural 5'10 4,'0. 7'69 10'14: 10'37 .'35 28'.8 Urbanization -Out of a population of 3,557,471 in Percentage mcrtlastl in population in the 6l't!QB as consUiuied .~ the date of. each OOllIJU. over the population in the sam. areu Coill1batore district, 1,032,169 or 29·01 per cent have at the PI'6VIOUS COnsUl. heen returned as urban in 1961, In Madrss State, urban population forms 26·69 per cent of the total popu T.n the course of 60 years from 1901-61, the urban popula lation. Thus, Coimbatol'e is ahead of other districts of ~on ha.d increased by M8·83 per ceDi while the rural the State in urban development which perhaps mll.y population had increased by 28·50 per ceni. Thu! the reflect its compara.vely grea~r iDdusirialiution a~d growth rate of urban population WII higher "ilian ihll of rura.l popula.tion in each of tbe aix decades and the di! economic development. i?arity between the two rale! has increal!ed progre8!inly. The proportion of population bo'h urban and rurd in The table below gilTes the rde of rural to urbln Ind Coimbat()re is 88 folloWl :"- Urllall. :!tural urban to rural migration in Coimbatore distriet in rurll Cealu Y'llr lltrte.tate p,rcentaKe ail well Sit urban areas during ~he decade 1951-61:- (I) (2) (3) .1dl 7'12 92'S8 I'5Q IH'50 1l.ural to Urbh tel I.anllo U,,,,1o 19l1 .. Urban X.ral Urhll 1921 10'Ii 8.·gt ':a_ .. 8&'66 (2) l~:n ., U'3( (I) (a) (4:) iN7 85'la 1941 ,- "('6~ IHI3 IlN7 31'11 1901 ,. 19-83 80'17 70'99 NlJt-iiv'69, N'n-14 ..... l~l .. 29'01 0-1... 12 'rhe rate of rural-urb&n migration is in the order of Sex rail0 -The sex ra.tio in the district is 966 females 74·62 per thousand of rural population ana the urban for every 1,000 males. The corresponding figure for the to rural migration ~s to the order of 14·93 per thousand State is 992. The sex ratios are above tho district of !ruml popuJation. The net resultro:tt is 69·69 per average in the following taluh:- lhousand of rural population. In terms of urban popu Gopichettipalayam la.tion , the rate. of rural to urban migration and the 987 urban to rural migration is in the order of 182·57 and Erode ...... 973 36·53 per thousand respectively. The resultant effect is Dharapuram 996 hhe addition to the rural population to the extent of Palladam 985 146,04 per thousand of urban popula.tion in a. decade Qr Avanashi 970 1·46 per cent per annum. .The rural to urban migration Pollachi 973 thus contributes to an increase in the urban population Udumalpet 996 of the order of 1·46 per cent per annum. The actual It js below the district average only in the taIuks of growth of urban populaflon in the decade 1951-61 is 58·02 Bhavani (965) and Coimbaklre .(914). Being an indus per cent which amounts to 5·80 per cent per annum, trial district. Coimbatore has recorded the lowest sex T'he balance of 4'34 per cent can be a.ttributed to the ratio. llfltural increase of the urban population and the increase of urban popula.tion by the formation of two new towns Literaey.~The literates in the various taluks are and the geographical expansion of the existing towns. given below:- The mean decennial rate of increase for the decade Number Number Humber 01 of of male female 1951-01 is 23·3 per thousand or 2·33 per cent per annum. 'raluk literates llte3tes U_ate. to to to The increase in urban population by the formation of 1,000 1.0()O 1,000 pel SODS maI&s female. new towns, therefore, works out t.() 4·34 minus 2·33 == (1) (2) (3) (4) 2·01 per annum. Thus the picture of urbanization Bhavani 2{)(l 305 92 emerges as follows for the decade 1951-61:- Gopichsttipalayam .• 499 632 354 Erode, . 283 417 146 Pcrll6ntage per Dharapuram _ 250 391 lOS annum Palladam 296 44:3 146 1 Th~ natural increase of urban population Avanashi 252 381 119 2 Tho emergence of new towns and the geographical ffxpansion of the old Coimbatore .• 4404, 573 302 towns. Pollachi 310 445 17.2 3 Rural to Urban migration Udumalpet 295 428 loi 5·80 Total •• District as a whole •. 3()2 4:83 167 Density .-The density of population in the district is CoimbatOIe and Gopichettipalayam are 3h ead d other 591 per square mile as agains_t 669 for the State. The taluks. The percentage distribution of population in the lower density of the district can be explained. by the various ~road 3.ge groups in the :iistrict and State are fact that it has vast hilly areas as forests. Actually, in as follows:- the plain, the density is higher than that of tJle State. in. PerCNltage Pelcenbge The density the taluks are given below:- distribution distribution Age group ill the i.n the Bhavani 441 distric~ Sl&te (1) (2) (3) Gopichettipala.yam 356 0-]4 36'S 37'6 Erode .... 853 15-3-1 33'7 33'0 Dharapuram 382 35-59 .. 23'5 23·3 Pa.Ilsdam ... 668 60 and over 6'0 5'6 Avanashi 600 Co~batore 1,382 It is seen that there is a lower percentage in the age Pollachi 603 group 0-14 reflecting low birth ra.tes. Similarly there Udumalpet 398 is a higher percentage in the age group 60 and above It will be seen that Coimbatore and Erode are the mo£!t which may be because of the better nutrition available densely populated areas. in the district. / 13 The marital sta.tus of ~he people in the district and thus re(3ording a. 12·78 per cent rise during the decade. in the States is as follows: - The Hindus have recorded a lower percentage increase, 12'02 Percentage distributlou.. viz., only. Both Christians and Muslims have ,---_.--'-_--, In C()jmbatore In the recorded heavy increases of 29'78 and 26·26 per (lent, diBtric~ State respectively. (1) (2) (8) Never married. , 50'1 49,4 Ma.rried .' 41'8 42'0 Thc.ugh the percentage increase recorded by Buddhists, Widowed 7'! 7·g .lains and Sikhs is high, their impact on religious com Divol'ced or aeparated O·{I 0'1 position is little as they form negligible proportion of the total popula.tion. The slightly higher percentage in the category of Number of penOll8 Perclntago Major group. ,--__._-----, increase neVRf married is due to tlie prevalence of late marriages 1951 1951 dnriIU( 1951-lill among some. of the communities in the district. This (1) (2) (3) (!If particularly is marked among the Vellala Gounders. District popUlation .. 3,154,296 3,557,471 l!'7S Workers -48'14 per cent of the population of the Hindus .. 3,1103,828 3,365,013 12'02 district have been returned as workers as against 45,57 Muslims 78,7~6 99.0'20 26'26 per cent for the State, The !:iigher percentage is due to Christians 70,96f 92,094 29'78 greater participation of women in gainful employment. Buddhists 8 II 62'50 The percentage of workers in the various taluks is as rlikhs 91 176 93.·.1:1 follows:- Jains 228 512 124'56 Otharll 431 213 Per cent -43'62 Bhavani 51·2 GopichettipaJaYBm {9'9 Increase since 1911.-The 1961 Census has recorded Erode 52'3 Dharapuram 57'3 78 per cent increase in the district population over the Palladllolll .. ~~H 1911 position. During the same period running over Av&nashi .. 46'7 five decades, various religious groups have recorded Val'y COlrobBtore 3t'3 ing percentage increases and it would be interesting to 47'8 Pollachi have a comparative view of their. positions. Hindus Udwurupet 49'5 have recorded 73·36 percentage increase over the 1911 position while Muslims have recorded 157 ·86 per cent It is generally found that the percentage of workers in rise and the Christians 388·28 per cent increase. As is the total population is high wherever the workers are clear from these figures, the Christians have recorded the primarily engaged in agriculture. A chart showing the maximum increase over the iast few decudes. Hindus perc;entage of workers in various industrial ranks in the perhaps being the majority community have set the talnks and in the distriat is given separately. tnmd 01 t,he population as a whole. Religion -Till 1951 Census, population was classified It would be more useful and also interesting to study by religion, The total popula.tion of the dist,rict ha.s the variations recordea by these groups from (fecade to increased from 3,154,296 in 1951 to 3,557,471 in 1961 decade. This is furnished in the Table below:- Ilm-21 19t1-Sl ID3Hl 1941-51 m1-fl (1) (2) (I) (') (5) (5) Population .. + 6'SO + 10'14 + 15'01 + 17'21 + 12'78 Hindus + 5'S5 + 9'13 + 13'90 + 17'~2 + 12'02 Muslims + 9'611 + 23'15 + 31'.52 + 15'05 + 26'26 (8·gS Christiana + ~15'60 + 65'~5 + + 4'S' + 20'78 Jains + 60'00 + lil'07 + 3'70 + 85'33 + 124'" Sikhs .. + 1,100'00 - 72''13 + 2,4:86'86 + rllN13 + tHI Buddhists + 1,900'00 + 52'63 - e'90 - 70'37 + ~!~IO -O.hers + 2,200'00 + I3'O~ + 3,Ul'II' - ~t'JO - 41',. 14 ReUgious composition of district populaUon ,-Hindus recorded in 1901, Similarly the peroen_ge of Christian. accounted for 97'13 per cent of the total popuilltion in 'to disirict popula.tion also has recorded an inereaBe from 1911. rl'heir percentage to district population htls shown Q·9o! in 1911 ~ ~'~9 in 1961. gradual but quite definite trend to decline and it has become 94,59 during 1961. As a. contrast 'Lo this \rend noticed among Hindus, the Muslims and Christians have. 'rhe table inset below will clesrly show iibat while shown a definite tendency to increase, The percentage t,he Hindus han shown. .. t.ende:nc)" to decline the of MmlliIl1s W total population was only 1,93 during HH 1 Christians snd MU!lillll! have shown " persist-ent and but through the decade.. it has gonp up to 2,80 as gradual tendeDcy to me:- l.Ili&iG1l1 cro'P9 }tIl lUI 11&1 11)'1 IOU UtI (1) (!) (I) (4) (5) (8) ('I) , Hindus V7']3 9"'11 ~5'Sl 9~'93 ~6'sa 14-59 lfuglims 1'~3 19D !,t! 2'5& "50 2'80 Christians. ._ O'g" 1-30 l'!I4, Z'6S Hi 2'59 J"ins 0'01 '0-01 0'01 G'Ol Sikhs 0'00 (2) 0-00 (!) 0·00(6) Others 0'01 0'01 Total " lOO'OO 100'00 100'00 100'00 -Joo-oo Concentration of reUglollJ grOTlPl. -A iltudy of the areas. Table below will give a picture regarding the ccm~ concentration of different religious groups in various position of rural population by 'religion and alae the per· ialuks of the district will be interesting. The majority centage distribu$lon of religious group. in various taluki. of Christians and J ains have been enumerated in urban 'tre... " to ~ial ..lu J)tlp1l1&UOD. f.tul ,... -. B.4(h&ta (Jhril~IIIlS W.dlU lain! K.um. Jlkbll ORl'r. To"l (1) (I) U) .4} (i) tf) (7) (8) (il BhavllJl.i " 1'0" 98'04, 0-8' lOQ'1)O ij()pichettip&iayADl l'lQ 9'Z'71 1'10 l00'OO Erode l'Ol 98'" 0'86 109'0() Dhll'lioplll'8d H5 9H{I H. 0'01 100'00 P.uada.ID 1'80 97'.' 0'70 0'01 100'00 AvanasID 0·58 QS'76 0-6Ci 0'01 100'00 Coimbat.ore O-g!) 91-31 0-'74. 100'01) Polloohi •• o-«) '8'39 1"21 100-00 Uduma.lpet. 0-43 96'5' 2'33 lOO'O~ PIltIIlif,p to lekl rUl'" po,mtf6D oftk, IIGU, in tb.& diatrlct. rain lu'alJt 0htJI\lan1 BIlId.•• J'a.iU lIu.11ms Sikhs O~hell (10) (11) (11) (11) (1') (15) (It) Bh8V8l1i .. 7'10 !I'lO at 9-0' Gopichettip ....,.am It~1S 13'as 14'13 h4: 4-66 , 11'!S ~'QO Erode . " 12'" 15'5' 2-" 21'21 Dharapuram al'n 1Hi& 11'03 ·2'" 59'0t Palladam li'a2 11'lt 7'''S "e'l4: 1-51 Avsfiasbi •• .' S·~! 9'17 1'14: 5'4:' 43 ..0 Ooitnbs.tore N8 1l'4.1 lHt 7'89 h4. "66 :PoJlachi •• ., 3'()1 9'16 l1'U S-7~ 1'i~ 20-21 11411Ulaipft " .. DIstribution: RUlII-Ur.a-An interesting point that in rural areas during 1951 and,1OOl. The rural popul .... attr&(}i)s our a\~iion ia the di.\ribuwon of person8 iion of the districl hu declined from. 79·89 to 70·99 per belonging to these various religious groups. Table cent during ihe decade, , This decrease in rural popula hBlow will show ~e parcen~ge of T8l:ious religious groups iion i~ l'lo.~ed in all rell¢ou& group. aJl~ ibis is moat l~ mlrked among the SHrbs. The percentage of Sikhli in .. slighl improvemel!l~ in the position by 1031 and thi. rUl'~l areas has dwindled conaiJer&bly. rrhe ;decrease rising trend wall eTident even in 194:1. After Hl41 once recorded by Ohri.titns also ill significlnt. 'The decrease a.gain, the decline in the proportion of females becm. ill the percenta.ge of Muslims in rur&i areas is lower than more evident snd in 1961, the proportion stood at 87~. 'h"t noticed in o~er groups stated above but ip, sUll The trend among Christiana liu been rather uncertain, I higher: than among th~ Hindus. While the HIndus ill It showed a definite irend for decline till 1921 but 1981 Jural regions h&Te decreased only by 8·~U per cen" 'he onwards there has been a sure rising trend and the Muslims have reoorded a higher deere_e, viz., 1l·2( proportion which stoed at 884 in 1921 had gone up to 991S per. cen j,v. , . by 19M. Howe,ver, this is still lower tha.n the 1911 proportion. In the case of Jams and Sikhs no definite Peroen',.t of IUM PODulaSid tt t.k1 p1tplJll'l.a ,.--__.....Jo- __--'\ ' pattern or variation is noticed, Both these groupe 11)il Illtl recorded a. good inerease in the temale proportion plr (1) , (2) (3) thoussnd males during 1941 but since ~en a definiie District populUio~ .. 19'8~ 70'911 decrease has se. in. HindliS 81'SS 73:17 63'34: 34-74: Christiana Language lothel-tongue .. -The information on KlliIli.ma 38'33 27'0' mother-tongue collected during 1961 CeosUfi in the eJikhs .- 71"3 23~28 2'7: distriot and analysed here have been incorporated ill Jains " " the form of C V Table in Part II of this Volume. Bel ratio-The Bel: ratio of these groups provide an In H~51, 36 mother-tongues were returned as t poken interesting study, As per 1961 Census, the female in th3 district. In 1961, a greater number-as many u 8f. contents of these groups are found to vary from 4Y'87 --of language!! were returned. The period 1951-&1 per cent aI~1ong Christians to 4j'66 per cent among the has recorded a spurt in the number of Indisn languttge8 Sikhs. If we take into consideration only the 19~1-61 returned as spoken in the district. This is due to the period, tbis variation in sex ~'atio is most marked among Plclusion of a number of dialects without script among the Hindus', the Muslims, the Jams and the Christians, the mother-tongues. For our study, Indian languages In the case of the first three, the female percent,age to with a spoken strength or 50 or more and loreign la.ngu total persons has recorded a decline wMle irt"tbe "ase of ages with five or more speakers will be taken into con Christians alone there has been s alight increa.se from lIideration. Table in8e~ below will show such language. ~!H6 to 49'87 per cent. a.rranged . in order of decreasing numbers and also ~eir nerceniage to totaJ. district population and to the This. analysis will be more useful if the figures are total number of speakers oi India.n languages during analysed for the last five decades 1911-61. A serutiny 1961. of the table below will give ~P- idea. reg&rding the varia .t:: ... C., ~~c)fb ~ions m female proportio~ recorded under va.nous .. o ... -! Q,5 .... III III 0#· .8" lI.... of Indian • ""!I'I religious groups during the las' few decades, ':=5 co~ " o - BWlUlei r,tun" • ,Q OJ 0 ...... ~ •• ~,,.Iq a ~ :: <1> ... 0: abeQthof EI .,; II I:t fi!!l PlOlItrliOll et (Illllallll ter ••OllllaD. JIlII.. l~&7U lOel aliit ~1:I:ii ~------~--~ ~ ii 4)... ~ .. a,wli 1:1 J:O'M "'.,& 2-o~1 • 1111 1921 Ital 1Nl 1911 1111 II ?o t" ~g M; " 111 (l) (I) (2) (4) (6) (6) (7) 1) (I) (.a) '" (4.l (Ii) Diatrict popula- 1,027 1,007 l,001 9'4 993 .e~ 1 TtmiJ MOI,7511 67'ti4.1 67'811 tion. ~ Xelugu ., 7I1,74Q 20'''7 20'01' Hindull 1,018 1,011 1,011 .~, 99ri G&II J Kanaada ., SOJ,917 S'I15 S'U' lIuslims· Ofl 918 g21 92:5 921 878 " llala,Mam &t.a31 2'300 2'101 ChristifdlS 1,03S 884 U2 OM 9,. 9" 5 Urdu 1'0'2 1'0'. Jt.inS .• t5e1 273 .(Sa MO flO 3'.'12 8" a Jliadi 30''72 O·OIS O,~, likhs '. 1,730 7tO 6.8 74. T Mar.~1rl " 3,UI O,"~ Q'OI% 8 GlIjar.&hi .%.1'8 O'~l 9'O81 91bollp ,. l,N1 G-UI "014 During HUll ilhe proportion of femal. per lhou.and 10 UnU 1,tH 0'0" 0'011 males in the dis'rid, was all high. a 1,028, bui hat 11 SiacAi I,. 0... riwindled to '968. The reduction ia marked especially I! l(onbDi ,_ 1M ''&14 0'11140'. It 8oUl'llhtJa .13 0'011 oetweeit 193~-41 and again l)etween 195J-til. Among O'OB Ur...Wi " II. 0'01' 0'014 .Muslims, 1921 marked a sudden decline but ihere "'II 11 Tulu '" 0'1.' 0'014 16 :! ~';;.8 lS III ~: ,tongue quite marked. This seems all the more 0:1 .. t Nama of Indian ...... "'4> .. ~~_g important when we find that the use of subsidiary langu ,IJ Lanill3fea letvrned Oll) ,IJ ~:-a~ ~ al h,vinll a 8 age among them has become more widespread. During a lit enph of ~a::a=: .. ::I1I .... ~ 60 or more ~g :ila,!llt:ll;:: I;l .. !!a-: 1951 only 66'88, per cent of them used any subsidiary ~a "Oo. Per centage to Ilarwari 32 105 0'001 ' 0'003 LiJt of foreign languages S~th as number of with B atmnpb of recorded during foreip langa Punjabi 88 233 0'003 0'001 11'801 more 19111 Census age speaker. In the dls&rl.ct 8indhi 823 1,006 0'026 0'O!:8 (I) (2) (3) - - Solaga •• 1,931 0'054 Arabic 109 26'86 Saurashtra ., 278 823 Burmese .. 5 1·22 0'009 0'023- Chinese 10 2-" Tam.il 88'106 67'612 French 15 3'56 Telugu &55,130 7,11,'749 2&-778 20'028- Ghana. 7 1'73 Tulu •• 553 4:99 0'018 O'OH Italian 34: 8'S1 Java 17 4"16 Urali .. 1,040 O'OU Nepali 139 33'99 Urdu 37,792 1'06! Persian 17 4'16 Swedish .' 31 1'58 An analysis on similar lines of the position of foreign languages will yield interesting results. The increase recorded by the Badags, Bengali, Coorgi, l(umber or JiersoDi Percen~,e kI tot&l Gujarathi, Lambadi J Marwari, Punjabi and Saurashtra , havins II lpeakm of Foreign 1I.nsuagee motherotoDgUe foreicn languaga languages is quite impressive. Most of them have ,--_ A doubled their number during the decade under study. , I 1951 HUll 19D1 1981 Among the new languages that have been enumerated in (1) ('2) (I) (.) (1'1) 1961 but which did not find a place in 1951 Census, Arabic 33 109 40'74 26'65 Cutch, Oorazhi, Solaga and Urdu are noteworthy and French 10 15 12'35 3'67 striking. The a.ppearance of Urdu is most significant - 13'58 O,~p, as: 87,792 persons have olaimed to have it as their 8wedilh 11 2 mother-tongue. This addition to Urdu when con SiQghal.eJe ,. 8 31 9"87 7'58 si'dered in t~e light of reduced returns against Hindus Portuguese .. .- ,7 - 8'64: tl.j.ui and Hindi leads us to conclude that this might per Burmese .. 3 5 3·72 1'22 baps be due to differeooes in classification alone. . The Nepali 2 139 2'48 33-D9- decline in the number of persons with !rule. as mother- . I..uu •• •• . 1 14: 1·t3 8'31 l'i The 1961 Census has recorded a greater number o~' III the distl'ic;t, 926,871 or 26·05 per cent of the total persons with foreign languages as mother tongue~ than number of persons use one language or other as a. subsi the previous Census. In 19.51 persons with foreign diary language. This percentage is found to vary frOIl) langllage ·other than English as mother tOllgll(~ totalled 95'73 pel' cent among the Badagas to 5·41 per cent to 81 but this has increased to 409 during 19tH. This among the Tamils. illcrease in the number of persons with foreign language l1la~' be due to tbe increase in the presence of foreigners The table inset here will show the percentage of per~ ill the district. Coimbatore district being the second sons having subSidiary language among the five major wast industrialised district has naturally attracted more mothel' tongue groups in the district .. foreigne~s as technical personnel. Out of 409. persons enumerated in the district as having some foreign langu , .; ~ ,0 Hge~othel' than English-as mother-tonglH 318 were ::s ~~ "'''ctl o~ ~n ~I::t enumerated in urban areas. The percentage of such per ... .col Major )angllageR '""- .::~ 'O~ ,!.: ~~ SDns enumerated in rur~ll'egions of the district was only ol ".G ,8 A .,- ~o 22·25. " ~~ ~.., ol_ ctl", :§ ""II! ~~ 0 ~'O ., ..... 8 III Ilo< (l) (2) (3) (4) The number of pl'rsons 'with English [IS mother tongue Tamil 2,402,759 130,115 5'415 was only 1,194 in 1951. Thi'3 has increased to 3,309 in 1961. Telugu 711,749 510,467 71'721} Kannada 302,937 198,128 65'402 Tile table appended fit the end will give details regard Malayalam •• 81,836 48,387 59'127 ing the distribution of tlie langua-ge groups in different Urdu 37,792 26,842 71-026 taluks. Though Tamil is the main mother, tongue group in all the taluks, its percentage to total speakers varies frOID taluk to mluk. The highest percentage is not,iced The use of subsidiary language is often due t.. the ill Erode taluk (84'76). Ooimbatore taluk has recorded foree of circumstances. This is perhaps proved by the the lowest, Tamil percentage. This is due to the pre low percentage of ipersons mith subsiaiary languages dominence of Telugu, Kannada. and Malayalam speaking among Tamils and comparatively higher percentages persons. It is in Udumalpet taluk that Telugu speaking among other language groups. Tamil and English rank persons occur most frequently. There they account for foremost a.s the most popular subsidiary languages in 34 per cent of the speakers, the highest reoorded in the the ·distric~. Tamil being the regional language all other dish'iet.. Dharapuram has the minimum of this group mother tongue groups have tried to learn this language. for their percentage to total speakers of the taluk is as The widespread nature of English is perhaps due mostly low as 11·73 per cent. Next in importance is Kannada to the popularity of English Education. The table which occurs most in Avanashi taluk. Here its per below will show the percentage of speakers using centage to total speakers is 21·8. The lowest percentage English and Tamil as subsidiary language among the l't'col'lled by Kannada is 4·1 in TJdmnalp~t. Ma.Iayalam five major languages of the district. speaking persons are evenly distributed in the district. 11heir percentage varies from taluk to t.aluk, but not !III' ...... "" c !;; .... a~ ~t .0 ,IiI"I appreciably. Person'3 with Urdu as mother tongue are ~j 'QIS '8- 0& !~., oo,~ .. fonnd all over the district, but they are more common !III"" ... II !III ... !! 0 ;111 o 'et ~.! :;I in Gopichettipt\layam and the less so in Palladam ;:I:5! ,,'iI' CIt .! ~ ,.c:J= taluk. -:;I ..... • .!.!! iIi. ~ "'-;.~ ~."",tIC "0 0", '" :;1 ~.III =... EJlII Gleli ~ ~ ~ ~ (1) (I) (I, (') (il Subsidiary languages or BUlnguaUsm •. -The pre- Tamil Talence of bilingualism will provide an interesting study. 83t U9 3'59 Most of the mother tongue groups enumeratea in tht! Telugu 501,681 4,326 O'ISI district have taken easily to various other languages in Kannarda •• 195,007 2,300 0'75 use in the region and have acquired working knowledge (3,568 of the same. The returns of 1961 Census show that of :Malaya.lam .. 4,287 6'24: 3,357,471 persons belonging to various language groups Urdu 2',767 65'53 539 H3 C-3 18 Dist,ibution of Linguidtll groups in the rural MWl. Bhavani. Goplebetti. Erode. 14D11ulJU' pll.laYlm. Dharapuram. PalladAm. Avallllhl. C()i mba tcle. Pollaelu, lTdutlialptt (1) (2) ( 3) (4) (5) (e) (1) (S) (8) (10) Be:ogali 0'006 Coorgi {)oI)O.2 Gujr.rat.bi •• 0'003 0'006 0'003 0'004 0'035 O'OOi Rindi 0'013 0'013 ()oOl6 O-OI6 0'026 0'057 0-085 0'005 01)16 lrula ., 0'037 5,560 14'796 1'4:98 4-344 0'039 Kannada. " 21'801i 15'925 10'120 "060 Konkani .. 0'004 0'014 0'048 Lambadi .. 0'151 0'047 lfa,lsya]am. 0'084 0'136 0'179 0'112 0'330 0'413 1'566 .2'207 0'369 0'030 0'020 llaratbi " O'OU 0-010 0'008 0'008 0-095 0'005 0'119 PUIljabi ,. 0·00, Se1t.ca 0'553 .. Tamil 80'788 63'117 84'762 83'054 74'533 57'S99 55-575 5NJ5Q 61-031 Telugu 12'726 20-109 13'249 1].736 19'928 19'313 26'4(M 29-869 34:'147 Tolu 0'00.2 0'004: Urali 0·29'7 Urdu 0'630 0'898 0'268 0'225 0'121 0'362 0'270 0'417 0'302 Otbers • .. 0'001 0'002 0'002 0-003 0'006 0'028 0'021 0'014: O·otS 'U TotAl 100'00 100'00 100'00 lOO'OO 100-00 -- -- 100'00 lOO'Ot --100'00 ---lCf01l0 • Thil consists of other lln~ltill group, both aati'fe ani forelpen apart from Enil!lh. Btl dilel'eDtlais III mJgratfon.-It is interesting to of persons born outside the district but within. the state examine the sex break up of the in and out migrants of of enumera,tion, The duration wise break up of persons Coimbatore district. Among the persons born in other born outside the State is of little consequence and hence diatricte and, enumerated In Coimbatora district males hilS not been considered. It is seen that in all the and fem.aJes are mare or less equal' in number, whereas categories considered, the migrants of 1-5 Jurati"',n among the migrants from ather states nea.rly three-fifth CODStitute the majority and, t(lgether with those of less are males. This is quite striking among the migrants to than 1 year's duration, they constitute over 50 per ce1),l1 the urban areas of Coimbatore district. On the other of the migrants. Those who have migrated during the hand females exceed males among the out migrants from year preceding the Census number over 10 per cent of Coimbatote district. the migra.nts.. -- -- ' Duration ot residence of migrants .~.Another aspect on )Vhich information WIlS elleited in the 1961 Census is the Occupational dlstribuiion.-Out 01 156,938 persons duration of residence of persons born in places other than migrated from other districts into Coimbaoore distrie~ the place of enumeration. Table appended gives a. 79,756 are found 00 be workers occupied in variouB fields picture of the persons born elsewhere in Coimbatcre of activity. D.VI table gives clear details regarding district. sDd enumerated in the same distdct and those their occupational classification. . . ., · ...... ~ • • . • · . • ... 2$ Majority of the workers among the migrants depend thousand persons enumerated In the district has :upon Mining and Quarrying, Other Services, Agriculture decreased in the last decade. This propertioD dUl'ing IUd Manufacturing other than Household Industry as is 1951 was 959 but by 1961 it had dwindled to 929, evident from the following table: _ Detailed ana.lysis of the figures will show that the cons picuous reduction in the proportion of home born persons Number of P~rcent- Category workers among ale 1m,; been due mostly to the heavy influx of ;J,igrants ill migrants (1) (2) (II) from other districts. Sixty-two per cent of the total Agriculture , . .. .. 9,614 1.2'05 liligrants in the di~trict was accounted lor by persons Mining and Quarrying 2.~'97 20,712· frolll other districts in the State. The in;migl~ants from Household Industry 6,349 7'96 .. othet' districts constituted 4'4 per cent of the pc pulation Manufacturing other than Household 8,963 1l'24: Industry. of the district while those from other States tormed only Oonstruction .. 4,989 6'26 2-6 pet cent. '11hiR reduction in the proportion of home Trade and Commerce ., 7,262 9'10 bol'll may also be due. to increase in number of out Tramport and Storage 3,628 4'55 migrants fl'Oro the distl'iet to other districts in the state Other Services •• 18,239 .22'87 Total workers among migranta 79,756 100'00 and even outside the State, The following statement !{ives synoptic view. cf the The balance of mJgrants,-The proportion of homo balance of the migration, migration balance from C0i111- born-i.e, persons born within Coimbatore district-per batore to other district and vice versa. Numoo of in- Number of out- Net D~triets migrants lito Percentage Rligr&nti from rer~enta,e migra· Coimhawre Coialbatore tio. (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) Madras 5,516 3'52 13,211 8'06 - 7,695 Chingleput ,. 1,089 0'69 2,913 1'78 ,- 1,824 North Arcot 2,974 1'90 2,631 1'61 + 343 South Arcot 2,972 1'89 2,711 1'65 '+ 261 Sa.lem 45,310 28'87 29,092 17'76 + 16,218 Nilgiris 6,168 3.93 56,666 34'59 - 50,498 Hadurai 31,925 20,34 19,764 12'06 + 12,161 . Tiruchirllopplllli 27,388 17'45 28,622 IN7 - 1,234 ThanjaVUf .- 7.293 4'65 4,361 2'66 + 2,934 Ramllonathapuram •• 8,189 5,22 1,987 1'21 + 6,202 Tirunelveli •• 16,875 10'75 1,729 1'06 + 15,146 Ktmyakumari 1,239 0,79 154 0'09 "+ -1,085 Total 156,938 100'00 --163,841 100'00 -! 6,901 ~- -- Salem (29 per cent), Madurai (20 per cent) and ~early oue-third of the out-migrants :from Coimbatol'e, Tiruchirappalli (17 per cent) haVe contributed to the have gone to the Nilgiris, followed by Salem and Tiru major share of migrants into Ooimbatore district. chirappaUi which get a share of 17 per cent each . • CHAPTER III PEOPLE The district is what the people make it. To know the are non· vegetarians and in rural parts their staple diet district properly, one has to study its people. In Cairn is millet. The term Vellala is said to have been derived ,batore district, the different communities that constitute from the Tamil word "Velanmai '. The Vel1alas i.v. the the population have competed' with one a~other in district are caned Gounders. jrnproving the economic status of their community and in the pr?cess raised the general economic level of the Kamma Naidu!l.-They~ mig:r:ated from Andhra. people at large. A' siiort note on the different predomin Pradesh to Coimbatore during Nayak Rule. But they ant communities of tHis district will, therefore, be help have become as much a people of the land as Vellalas. ful to the reader. They are found mostly in the black cotton soil areas of ,;oilllbatore, Palladam and Udumalpet taluks. They ari In this discussion, we do not propose to follow the generally tal! and slender with an acquiline nose and general division of cast'e ,into Brahmin and Non-Brahmin. elongated face. Originally, they were agriculturists and We propose to deal with the cOlllmunities based on occu specialised in cotton cultivation. Some of the most pro pation. gressive cultivators of this district belonged to this com. munity. Starting with cotton cultivation, they took to AGRICULTURAL OOMMUNITIES cotton trade, then to ginning, spinning and weaving. " Vellala GouncleT8.-Admittedly, they form the biggest They have now started big industries also. They form .community in Coimbaiore district. It is estimated that the back bone of the industrial enterprises of Coimba they form 30 per cent to 35 per cent of the population. tore. Their prosperity is attributed to hard work, indus-. They are found chiefly in Dharapuram, Palladam, trious habit£ and helping other members of the commu Erode, Pollachi, Gopichettipalayam and Avanashi nity. They have made a large contribution to the pros taluks. . They are essentially agriculturists, though perity of Coimbatore. Mother.tongue of the Community recently some have taken to other occupations. Their is Telugu; but the language is different from the stand ()apacity for hard work is well-known. They are also ard Telugu. They call themselves as Naidus and Naio industrious and frugal in their habit. The whole family kers. They are Vaishnavites and have Vaishnava will work on the field and get the maximum out of it. names only. But they do not object to worshipping It is because of their capacity for intensive cultivation Shiva and Murugan. Kamma Naidu women of older that They have thrived well in well-irrigated garden generation wear sarees in a peculiar way by putting the lands. They love the land so much that they will pay Pallium over the right shoulder instead of over the left any price to retain possession of their ancestral land. shoulder. They also wear corals. They do not allow Again, any saving accruing out of the land will be put divorces and widow marriages. They employ Brahmin back in the land itself. There are several endogamous priests for marriages which are celebrated lavishly. sects lound among them. The KONGU VELLALAS, They attach more importance to the Nalangu ceremony BEWrHALAI GOUNDERS, ARUMBUKATTIS, on the previous day than to the Muhurtham itself. PADATT'ALAIS, PAVALAMKATTIS, MALAYADIS, TOLLAKADUS and ATTANGARAIS arB some of them. Vanniar8.-They are found mostly in Bhavani taluk. They style themselves as Gounders. Perhaps they have Senthalai Goundel's are the most numerous of the migrated from Salem district. They are mostly agri sects. The area in which Kongu Vellalars live is divided culturists owning small holdings. They are more back into several NADUS and the over all head of the com ward than Venal a Gounders. They have utilised the munity is called PATTAKARAN. They do not allow recently excavated Mettur Canal to convert dry lands widow re-marriages and divorces. Nor do they employ int() wet to raise paddy. They allow divorces, Brahmins as Purohits for marriages. They have their remarriages and widow marriages, though of late these own priests called ARUMAIKARANS who act as },Oaster are becoming rare. They bmy as well as cremate the of ceremonies and they are assisted by a superior class dead. They have two or three endoga~ous sub-sects the of ba.rbers called Kudinavithans. Their marriages chid of which are the ARASAPALLIS and the PANDA. usually take place during nights and they do not spend MUTTIS. Though their caste hierarchy is not well muoh on them. They bury or cremate the dead. They established, their caste solidarity is strong. 22 Okkaliga8,-They are found in parts of Coimbatore, Brahmins.-They form a priestly class and are reposl. Avauashi and Gopichettipalayam taluks, They ;'lonsidel' tories o£ Vedic wisdom. Their caste can be divided into three main groups-SAlVITES, SRI VAISHNAVITES ~hemselves as descendents of Ballal Raja of Hoysala dynasty who ruled over Ronguna.d seven centuries ago. and SMARTHAS. Saivites are those who believe that there is only one .Go-d, Lord Shi~-a and He is self During the 12th and 13th Centuries, they migrated to existent and not, liable 00 lose His perbonality. Hrivaish Kongunad in search of virgin land. They dis-afforested navites are the ardent followers of two Acharyas-Sri the marginal lands near the forest and started cultiva Ramauuja and Sri Madhwa;--snd believe in the existence tion. They are good in agriculture and specialise in dry of Tri Murthi. In Coimbatore, mOfe Srnarthas are farming. The Okkaligas in Coimbatore district are found than others, They are ge~erany divided inro 10 divided into the following 'endogamous sect£:- major seots and eMh one of these can be further frag. Gudi Okkaligas mented into innumerable sub-sects on the Dasis of occu· pation and territory. The major groups are Vadamas, Gangadi Okkaligas Brahacharanams, Ashta Sahasrams, Vathimas, Kaniya. Kempatti Okkaligas lars, Oholias, Viliyan, Kesi~n, Prathama Setan and GurukkaJ. Budda Okkaligas Sri Vaishnavites are divided into two-Vadagalais and Tengalais. They can be easily distinguished on the Of these, the ::first division is found in rural Coim-· basis of their sect marks. Th.e former has ~ U '-shaped batare. Gangadi Okkaligas are found in Coimbatore sud mark and the latter' Y'-shaped mark on the fore. Satyamangalam; Kempatti Okkaligas are found in heads. Vaishnavites are expected to go through ixrltia Coimbatore town; Budda Okkaligas cODBist of only s tion after Upanayanam ceremony. Their main funation -few families scattered here and there. They a,re said to is to accompany the temple processions; during such be good, peace-loving, tolerant people not interested in processions, Vadagaillis go in front. of the !Jl"oee,s8ion!=l htigation. They speak slang Canarese which is inter chanting Sanskrit Mantras while Tengalais follow' the spersed with Tamil words. They call themselves as procession reciting Tamil Prabandhams. Gounders or Gowders. Each sect is divided into anum· ber of exogamous septs for marriage purpose. People In addition to ,Tamil Brahmins, we find Telugu, of each sept have a clan deity. OkkaJigas have certai!]. Kannada and Tulu Bra.hmins. Telugu Brahmhls are of 'special customs and manners peculiar to themselves. two kinds, i.e., NeyogiB a.nd Vaidikas. The former have But they gradually began to adopt the customs and man taken up various professions while the latter still earn , . ~- --.~ ners prevalent in Tamil country. Their social hierarchy their living from priesthood,' itself. Itarting with an OOR GOUNDAN as the head of the village and ending with a Pattakaran for the whole clan Kannada Brahmins are either Smarthas or Madhwas has shown tendencies of disintegration. They allow while Tulu Brahmins are divided into six sub-sects. But ,ndow re-marriages but these are becoming rare. these groups form only small sects. Brahmins- form a very small percent.age in the distrICt. They numbered Other agricultural .communitie8.-The other agricul 39,389 and 37,816 during 1921 and 1931 censuses. In tural Communities are AGAMUDAYANS, VETTUVA the district, they are Iound to prefer rich irrigated lands GOUNDERS, KURUMBA GOUNDERS, REDDIARS, on the banks of the River Cauvery and Amaravathi. MALAI VELLALAS and LINGAYATS. O£ tliese, F. A. Nicholson has suggested in the Coimbatore Manual Agamudayans are mostly found in SuInr and Coimba " that the relative scarcity of the caste in the area ma.y tore firkas and are engaged in betelwine cultivation. be due to the fact that, physiographic conditions in the They call themselves as Thevars. Ve~tLl va, Gounders region being what they are, heavy manual labour and: are founa'in Perundurai firka, and are engaged in dry industry are required to earn a living" _ They all have cllitivation .. They are hard-working and· ferocious. always preferred a less arduous life, though the condi KUrumba Gounders are found sea ttered in different tions have changed now. The percentage 0.£ Brahmins parts. Beddbws are found mostly in Bhavani taluk. has not recorded any appreciable increase, Brahmins Malai Vellalas belong to the hill tribe known as Rolli are generally employed in Government and ether services Malayalees and are found in Guthialathur near Satya though a few own lands, In the past they were found mangaIam. Lingayats are Canarese speaking Saivites in large numbers in the legal and medical professions. found in the hilly areas of Talavadi fuka and Burgur Of late they have taken to activities like .trade awl hills. oommerce. 23 TRADJNG COMMUNITIES scwptors.) They are .scattered throughout the district Though trade and commerce ha.ve ceased to be the .~d consist of Telugu-speaking as well as Tamil.speaking monopoly of any particular community, there fire com lj~ctS. They call themselves as Viswakarma Brahmins munities not~d for their traditional trading activities. wd wear sacred threads .. The most notabl are the Arya Vaisyas, Panniranda.tn r Then there are Navithans (barbers), Vannans (dhobies), Chettiars, AynQotham Chettiars, Vanias, 'rayam . ~ Kuyavans (potters). Pandarams (temple servants), palayans, Vellan Chettiars and Ravuthans. Of these" Shanal's (tredappers) and Jdayal's (sbepherds) aU Arya Vaisyas are found mostly in big towns pursuing scattered all over the district. Their professions are husines'.l in, jewellery, cloth and provisiuns. sucb tbat they cannot live together . .Pannirandam Chettiars are found in Dharapuram and PaUadam taluks; they do banking business and advance SCHEDULED CASTES money on agricultural produce. They derived t~iB name T:h~ import,ant Scheduled Castes and their population be'cause they: used to set, '~part 1/12th of the profit for in the 191)1 census are as follows:- th~ common good a£ th~ community. AynQotham Chettiars are found in Palladam ~nd Avanasbi taluks ,Chakkilians or Arunthathiyars-778,076 (99,9(7). -engaged in different trades. 'Only recently, they ~ovad Parayars 01' .ldi-Dravidas-l,513,627 (1 S63, 0(0). to important towns and cities ~ pursuit of larger busmess. Pallars or DevendrakuIathans-95Q,266 (15,963). Vaniers are the traditional oil-mongers but S0me in the Valluvans-62,450. district have iiaken to textile industry. Tayampalayam Kuravans-78,470, (ihetti&rs represent a small group engaged in big business Vedans-630. and banking. Vellan Chettiars used to have petty trades Pannisndis-642. and sm·all enterpr~es.· Rowthers are· the Tamil-speaking Dombars-26. Lubbais. They ar~ -found in Mettupalayam, Coimbatore, Coimbatore attracted a large number of Chakklians as Erode, Tiruppur Qnd Dharapuram. They fife engaged in the services of Chakklians were needed £01' mending various trades big and small. They are thrifty ~nd frugal. leather buckets used for baling water from irrigation wells. They stand first in numbers among the various WEAVING COMMUNITIES Scheduled castes. In the last three decades, with the Weaving cQn1munities consist of Kaikolans, Devanga3 installatiGn of electric pump-sets in irrigation wells, their -and a few Jangamars. After Salem, Ooimbatore has a 'lervices as leather workers have ceased and they have large number of handlooms. Devangas are found largely become farm servants. They still continue to be as back in Avanashi, Ooimbatore and Palladam taluks. They ward as they used to be. Parayars have begun migrating to weave finer clot~. The community consists of Canarese Nilgiri as estate workers. Fanars are found largely speaking and Telugu.speaking people. The former are in the wet areas of the district. They belong mostly to sub-sects Kongu FaUars and call themselves as Pannadies. very numerous. Among Kaik ·lans there a re t hree ~r Panniandies and Dombars are small in numbers and are four endogamous sects and they are found largely In Erode, Bhavani, Dharapul'am, Palladam and Gopiehetti .employed as scavengers. They also rear pigs to r:ugment their income. palayam taluks. They weave coarse cloth of l()'\ver (lounts. In recent years, many Devangas and Kaik(Jlalls DE. NOTIF[lED TRIBES have taken to business in yarn, cloth and dyes and also In the district the de-notified tribes consist of to rice-milling and textile manufacture. Valayars and Koravars. Koravars are relatively few in number and are not known for any large scale theft. ARTISAN COMMUNITIES Valayars have a long record of crimes and are found Of the numerous artisan communities, Oddal's are largely in Avanasbi, PaILadam and Coimbatore taluks. engaged in stone-cutting, well-sinking and road-laying. SOHEDULED TluEES They speak Telugu and move from place to place in search of work. Some have become building contractors. 'Jlhe important Scheduled tribes are the follOWing: .'. In Gopichettipalayam, many Oddars who caU themselves Irulars-1O,598. as Boyers are engaged in wet cultivation. Sholagarg-.,5,950. Kadars-287. Another artisan community found in large numbers is ~ Muduvars-28. the AsaTis. This group, includes goldsmiths, blacksmiths, Pulayars-4(). carpenrers, brul and bell-metal workers and stone Malasars-l,l99. Tot.al population of the Scheduled 1'ribes in the distric' come into contuct with 'bhe earth. Muduvars enjoy is 20,143. Of these, Irulas are found in the slopes of a high reputation among other tribes for their integrity. Nilgil'i and \"estel'll Ghats, in Avautlshi and Coimbatore KachU'~ are short and black· skinned. Thay resembla ta!uk~ Tlw.}" are dark skinned and small in size. They Neg~'oid type with thick lips and frizzly hair. They do do nc)t like hard work; they cultivate small patches of not like agriculture but they are good in collecting honey I\uml'i lands within the forests and live l)y gathering anJ other minor forest. produces. Some of them (ire food from the iorests. Some of tllem go to the adjoiniwt employed ill plantations as watchmen. Radars also villages as agricultural labourers. Sholagars are found pl'esent to the bride a peculiar kind of bamboo comb. ill Taluvadi and Burgur hills. They speak a slang They are very animistic in religious beliefs. rrhey bury Canarese and there are two endogamous sects among the dead after rolling it in a mat of Ithai. Kadars lUlve them. The,Y lire by cultivating forest lands and by t~lken llUlxilllum advantage of the educational facilitic~ aatherill~ \vild roots from the forests. They are good 3t o 0 affOl'dell by the Government to the tribes and are makillg honey gathering. The other five tribes are found in ;;he good pl'Ogress ill improving the percentage of literacy. Allamalai hills. IHuuuvars depend 011 agriculture for Pulayul'::i lind :Malusars liye at .lower altitudes. They subsistence, They practice shifting cultivation in vast • clear' patches of hill slopes, They build their huts with liye by Kumri cultivation and by working as labourers. the reed called !thai. They worship Hindu Gods. They They supplement their food by collecting tubers, etc., live in remote places which cannot be reached by OUll from the forests. They freely allow divorces .mil. siders. The women wear ornaments of baser met~11s. re-marriages. They worship Vana Devadais. The traditional form of marriage is by elopement. No Mala Malasars live in the higher altitudes of these tali is tied.. Only the bridegroom makes a special type bills. Honey gathering is the chief occupa.tion. They of bamboo comb and inserts it in the hair of the bride. do not live in any fixed place nor do they build any They bury the dead but the way in which the body is permanent houses. Detailed ethnographical notes have buried is peculiar; the body is so buried that it does uo. been. published by the Census organisation on these tribes. CHAPTER IV HOUSING A housing census was taken in October 1960 throughout The distribution of dwellings, shop-cum-dwellings, the State:, An attempt will De made to interpret the workshop-oum-dwellings and others-cum-dwelling is data rela.ting to Coimbaoore district based on the census. given below:- ~ vJ 1,000 1lIJ7I8U8 MWJeMlds living in Oen8U8 M1J8U Census holJ,S8s and its uses. -'rhere were 816,855 meet whoUy or partly (UI dwelling8 by typu of cens-us census houses ill the distrlCt. Of these 1.>85,751 (i.e.), lwuau in rural areas 71'71 per cent were found in rural and 231,104 (i.e.), HOll&ebOld3 in census houses Ulled 18 28·29 per cent were found in urban areas. The propor State/DJstrlet/TalUk Shop.. Workshop. Otbetlo Dwelling tion of rural and urban population in the district is cum cum· (WII. dwellin~ dwelling dwelling 70·99 per cent and 29·01 per cent. The distribution ~f (1) (2) (3) {4} (5) census houses and population between rural and urban Madras State .• 981 6 II) ,3 8ectors follow the same pattern. Coimbatore district: .. 964 8 24 4 Bha.v&IU tarn 973 6 19 2 Out of every 1,000 census houses in the dis~rict 69 were GopichettipaIayam •• 979 6 12 3 vacant ~nd 931 occupied. Out of this 931 occupied census Erode .• 975 2 21 % houses, 874 were pure or mixed dwellings :Jolld remaining Dhara.puram .. 968 23 2 proportion of 57 were used as non-dwellings such ss Palladam 931 7 59 3 shops, facrories t hotels, schools, places of entertainment, AV8D.88hi 952 DubHe health institutions, etc. Out of 874 dwellings, li 39 , Coimbatore .• 843 were used as pure dwellings, 10 as shop-cun~. 972 11 7 10 PoUachi dwellings and 21 as· workshop-cum-dwellings. The 954 17 21 8 Udumalpet •• distribution of non-dwellings is as follows:- 964: 17 12 '1 Shops-IS. Coimbatore district has recorded a low proportion of Workshops and Factories-H. dwellings in the rural sector; in fact, the lowest of ~ll BUlSiness houses and Officee the districts in Madras State. There is a corresponding increase in shop-cum-dwellings and workshop-cum. Educational Institutions:. dwellings. The district proportions under these' two Restaurants-2. lntegories are the highest for the State. Such high Hotels-I. ~roportions indicate that there are a number of house. hold industries and household petty trade in this distriot. Places of entertainmen It also indicates that non-agriculturists pursue their Public Health Institutions-I occupatiOD':l by building their houses to suit the dUM All other cases-22. purpose of living and work. A correlation between the , households in workshop-cum-dwellings and population engaged in household industry as per Primary Census Thus the district accounts for 13·85 per cent of the Abstract confinns this view with 124 per 1,000 wcrkers manufacturing industries of the State. ilngaging in household industries. Census household and its tenure status.-Table E-n The low proportion of pure dwellings is m~rked in exhibits the tenure status of households. Both in the Palladam, Avanashi a.nd Pollachi taluks. These low State and district the tenure status of a household is proportions are compensated by a high proportion in mOi(~ significant in urban areas than in rural. The workshop-cum-dwellings in CBse of Palladam and Avanaahi pel'Clentage of households residing in owned houses is 48 and in shop-cum-dwellings in case of Pollachi taluk. for :::ltate and 40 for district in the urban sector, while Coimbatore has also recorded a high proportion UDder it is RS high as 90 and. 86 respectively in the rural ared-S, shop-cum.dwellings. C-4 The following table presents a comparison between the rural and urban proportions regarding shQP-cum dwellings and workshop-cum-dwellings:- Sll.op"llum Workshop·cum. Dist.l:lct/tilluk dwellingJ dwellings ,--- r------"------. .Rural Urb The proportion of households living in dwellings In the urban sector, only 40 per cent of the households combined with shop is higher in urhan areas than in in the district live in their own houses hS against .t8 per cent in the State. Polla\ihi and Coin!~.atore taluks rural. But the position of workshop-cum-dwellings is opposite of this, the only exception being Ooimbatore have recorded low proportion of ownersh,ip as will be and Gopichettipalsyam. This is due to the existence indicated in the following table:- of hand loom weaving in the rural sector, Di8tribution of 1,000 OeMUS kouseJwlJ.s living in teMUS h0'U8e8 used wholly or partly as dwelling by type,{; oj census }W'U8e8 and tenure stat'U8 in urban areas. (Based on 20 per cent sample) PUle Dwellings Sh()p-cum-Dwelling WorlrshopoftI.m. Dwelling with Total .lIv;eJling other cases ,.--_.-A. ___---1 ...... _, ,---___"'-~ ... -----'--_, ,.-----"'---~ 'tI Pollachi and Coimbatore are known for their com- Workshops, Faciories and Establishmenis.-A general mercial and industrial activities resulting in an increasing idea of the importance of industries in the Coimbatore demand for buildings. This has induced property owners district can be had :from housing table E·III. Based on to invest large sums in buildings, so that they could be this table, the- following statement has been prepared rented ou~ yielding a regular source of fued income listing out the first fifteen industries, arranged in de~cend· without much risk. The high cost of house-sites in ing order of the total number of workshops and factories these taluks have weighed against the residents building classified according to the product manufactured, repaired their OW]J. houses. Besides, the floating population have or semced. DO io~eres" iJl owning property. 27 List of m,portant manu!acfu;ring rural intlu8tri~ 'n Coimbatore district. , ':V Dislrlbuti-ms in the talok of ~""'Os ,- 11:" ~ 'S.s'O.... ~ '" ,. as "'d -:; 7i Name of manufacturing IndUSGrY .c~;a .8' e .., e...... 01 .. :t :a ..~ ,~ a","Q,.<:l " Po ~ ~ :c ';; "'0'" ~ ,Q ~ ~ ~ •.. ~ oj" 5 1;~~~ .... cl Q, iI! ~ II! e 0 e ,Q i> "0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~" -< 8 Ilo (1) (2) (3) (4,) (5) (6) (7) (S) (9) (10) (11) 234'and 235 Cotton weaving " 10,455 517 783 2,060 1,342 2,859 1,728 273 611 282 :l8D Manufacture of sundry hardwarAS 1,025 63 121 103 125 1M 60 72 181 116 fluch 88 buckets, holts, etc . • 118 Repair of bicycle and tricycle .. 623 70 78 175 92 53 16 gO 28 1i !73 Tailoring 493 H 35 52 32 39 27 122 117 5,) 236 :Ma.nuf~tnring Of khadi textiles in 480 I 131 26 60 244 5 4 2 handloom. 350 Earthernware and pottery .. 327 7 27 18 37 118 50 4 64: 12 393 Goldamithy •• .. '323 3( 40 lIS 2(1 34 16 14. 41 389 Manufacture and mpair of tr<1nB- 297 S aD 94 11 29 26 49 31 29 port equipments such as bullock. carta, hand·carta, etc. 200 PMuotion of rice, etc., by milling, 294: 32 38 SO IS 21 20 33 24 28 debneking, etc. _, 270 Manufacture of oarpets, etc.. 215 208 3 4 ... 282 Manufact1ll'e of Btructural wooden 199 3 22 !3 '3 10 9 .26 3S 25 goods. ' 264 Handloom weaving in silk textile •• 159 1" 1 4: 10 207 ProductiOll of edible faUi and oils. J44 3 7 19 5 69 IS 15 7 1 230 Cotton ,inning. oleaning, etc. 136 3 14 24 27 20 21 18 3 6 ~D2 Production of sugar, syrup, etc., 112 6 3 28 32 34 1 2 1 from sugarcane. The above fifteen industries account for a substantial district are concentrated III the taluks noted againsh portion of 91·76 per cent of factories and workshops in each of them. the di~trict. Cotton weaving alone accounts for 62·77, per cent. This district account.s for 24.91 per (lent of The above method of measuring the importance of the cotton weaving. industries in terms of the total number of workshops and factories will be more appropriate and suited for small Most of the important rural industries are dispersed scale industries. But large scale industries engaging too in Erode taluk followed by Palladam, Dharapuram, many workers in a single factory will not be adequately Coimbatore and Gopichettipalaram, Udumalpet is represented, for, such a factory will be counted only as most backward. Bhavani is noted for the manufacture one factory without assigning any weightage size @f carpets and handloom weaving in silk textiles. Simi. to its larly Avanashi stands first in the production of sugar, in the foregoing discussion. For instance, Coimbatore syrup. etc., from sugarcane. Cotton ginning and cotton district is famous for cotton spinning and is known as weaving arc the main rural industries of Avanashi. Manchester of South India, but i~ does not figure in t.he foregoing discussion. So~ for a proper appraisal of the There is a heavy concentration of production of sugar, importance of large scale industries, the proper yard syrup, etc., from sugarcane in the taluks of Dhara stick should be the number of workers· engaged in each puram, Palladam and Avanallhi. Cotton weaving, type of industry. An estimate of the total number of mlllCti textiles, pottery and edible oil in Palladam taluk; workers could be framed from table E.llI, but table repaIr of bicycle and tricycle, Goldsmithy, manufac· B-IV-C gives an actual account of such data.· The ture and repair of transport equipments and production following statement has therefore been prepared from of food stuff by milling and dehusking in Erode taluk table B-IV-C indicating the first ten industries which and tailoring in Coimbatore taluk. Nearly 25 per cent engages more number of workers, arranged in the or more of the above workshops and factories in the descending order of importance. C-4A 28 List of important manufacturing rural ina'UstrieA which engage large number of workerl I~ Distribution in the taluka of Q .... "''''!l:~ ~il~ ~ .... - Name oClhc manufacturiqlll.dustry t~-;"" '" ~ ; i .. ..4> ::I's1l ~ i :c ~ R .... ~ ~ OJ '0 ~ ~'" ~ .: ~ 014>111 oS oj i ~ o i ~ :;I ~.Id_ i '" ~ 'a '0 't:I ~ ~ ~ A ~ ~ I;,) ~ l;} (1) (2) (3) (i) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 234 a.nd 236 Cotton weaving •• 67,155 6,893 9,282 18,702 8,.014 9,200 7.356 3,213 3,462 1,033 231 and 232 Cotton spinning .' 44,673 124 2,139 1,586 12,665 11,893 3,234 9,148 876 a,oes !02 Production of sugar, syrup, etc., 19.952 3.382 6,312 5,437 778 943 983 987 107 from suga.rcane. %30 Cotton ginning, cleaning, etc. 5,166 48 15. 63 573 113 2,480 180 ~,HHS 350 Earthernware and pottery' .. 9,462 303 631 1~052 1,14{ 699 447 300 4.74 412 !S2 Hanufacture of structural wooden 5,158 713 681 826 743' 238 52l 35U 580 497 goods. Z88 Manufacture of maoorials from cane, 4,790 378 671 651 l,HQ 345 201 53& leaves, bamboo, etc. 12 270 Manufacture of carpets, etc. 4,572 2,34:3 2,161 34 22 '. 27~ Tailoring 3,957 252 438 689 394 409 230 584. 528 433 311 Ma.nufacture ofIea.ther foot. wea.r •.. 2,728 269 375 272 1,186 273 2 105 109 137 At the first instance, it will be noticed that eight of leather foot-wear which assumed an insiguiiicrmt position the industries, viz., manufacture of sundry hardwal'es in terms of number of industrial units assumes import;. such as bucket, bolt, etc., repair of bicycle and tricycle, ance in terms of industrial workers. Industri~l workers manufacture of khadi textiles in handloom. Goldsmithy, of all these three categories are concentra~ed ,lip. Dhara manufacture and repair of transport equipments such as puram talu.k:. Cotton spinners are concentrated In bullock carts, hand carts, etc., production of rice, etc., Palladam and Coimba'klre taluks also. by milling, dehusking, etc., handloom weaving in silk textiles and production of edible fat-s and oils do not Let us now turn our attention to urb~n industries. assume importance in the above statement. But cotton As in the case of rural, let us first exaniine the total -spinning, manufacture of materials from cork, bamboo, number of fudustrial units which is brought out in the calle leaves, etc., and manufacture of shoe and other following statement:- Li8t of important mflnuJacturing inilWJtries in tke urban sector of OOtmbatore district -O'gA Diatribation In the bloke of ~.. r------~------______~ ~~.s 1 S;:'!lI ...~ ::!Q.,.. "" ...~ .. Name of. manufactving industry "',c .... 0 .... :a l'3~.,.. ~ OJ i .e ..... 01 .g S III ~]:i. ~ III • -;; .... II!~ ~ 't:I ,Q §'>. '"o i tt ... J ~o ~ Eo! I:tl I'.ll r.l S ~ ~ I:,) I P (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (U) 234 and 235 Cotton weaving •• 3,005 13 244 51 1 678 99 1,903 15 1 2"13 Tailoring - - 1,353 7 41i 109 54 177 81 685 It6 ,49 388 Repair of bicycle and tricycle 835 13 51 92 29 lot 71 397 41 35 3P3 Goldsmitby , • • • 760 15 39 93 27 13 25 4404 82 22 JOO Production of rice, etc., by milling, 395 11 25 76 16 35 37 111 70 14: . dehusking; etc. S69 Manufacture of sundry hardVl'are!l, 294: 4 20 26 8 33 19 144 26 such. as bucket, bolt, etc. 3S' Repairing and servicing of motor 267 1 11 6 24 36 131 25 10 vehicles. 3G5 'Braes and ben-metal products 226 '1 1 1 to, 1 3 271 Hosiery and knitted fabrics 223 1 219 1 .. •• •• •• 1 I 11 II 8 18 respect o£ eight industries. "Brass and bell-metal pro The first six industdes are common both in rura.l an,d ducts" and "Hosiery and knitted fabrics" a.re tha .mban sector. But the remaining industries predo¢i other two industries which are concentrated in Palladam aate only in the ur~an sector. These ten industries alone account for 75.44 per cent of the total industries taluk. in the urban sector. The importance of industries with reference to i·heir labour force was discussed with the help of table B-IV-C for rural areas. But this table does not give taluk break Coimbarore taluk occupies the unique position of up for urban sector. So, estimates nsve been framed having 3,889 important industries within its boundary from E-III table for the urban sector and are presented out of 7,512 in the district. This works out to 51.77 per ,cent. Besides, this mluk also occupies the first rank in below:- , LiBt of the i1f1'portant manufacturing urban indU8trie8 which eng lye large proportion of workera . Distribution in the taluk of ....o,;:,e ~" _,_ ...... r--- '" .. ~ ll.9.e '; ., .., ~ .eo ~ ... ~e~.p .. 100 0 PI'" ::I ... Name oUbe m&nufacturlDIit illd1!.ltry ,,"'0 .. ~ .~ :E ~", ...... ~ 00 ~ oj .. ,Q 0 ~ I) 'd _"',sb fill ~ dO.,:'!! .E~ Id ;:; § ';:::I'" ~ go>- ,. ~ 0 0 ~ b~"'" 8 ! 0 P< ~ !,oi ~ 'C!j rtl A ~ ~ (9) (10) (11) (2) (3) (4) (Ii) (6) (7) (8) (I) 958 21.355 1,035 :231 and 232 Ootton spinning 23,348 608 2,458 3 5,192 153 12,408 47 1,971 -234 and 235 Cotton weaving .. 22,928 SS 15 126 29 3,718 308 i,8S3 153 15 230 Cotton ginni)lg, cleaning, eW. .6,247 290 570 lUI 674 202 453 809 "173 200 Production of rice, eto., by m.illing, 3,342 5Z dehnsking, etc. '1 23 3,146 11 374 Manufacturing and repair of 3,187 electric machinery such as mot9rs, generators, (ltc. 64: 193 199 11l() 237 1,735 317 384 Repairing Imd servicing of m.tor 2,953 4 vehicles. 8 1 10 11 2,563 34:1 Manufacture of oement and camenl; 2,596 3 .. .. products. .,. 2,493 15 3 271 Hosiery and knitted fabrics 2,511 ... 121 14 109 20 1,940 106 18 '369 Usauf8Clture of sundry hardwares, 2,4:0() 8 64- snch as hUClket, bolt, etc. 15 162 2,192 217 processing of wa. in faotories ., 2,369 ..• It will be seen that five of the industries (i.e.), tailor- of rioe, etc., by milling, dehusking, eta. All the other industrial workers a.re concentrated in Ooimbat..ore taJuk. ing, repair of bicycle and tricycle, Gold smithy , manu facture of sundry hardwares ouch as buckets, bolt, etc., . Material of waD and roof. -Quality of a house is to a and Bakery which are significant in terms of the total large extent· determined by the material used for its con number of indus'brial units loose their significance when struction or on the basis of the number oJ people who measured in terms of the workers engaged in such indus have to reside in it or on the basis of the use to which tries. On the other hand j Cotton spinning, Cotton the Census house is to be put. More so is the case with ginning, cleaning, etc., manufacture and repair of elec the census houses which are used as dwellings. As tric machinery such as Motors, Generators, etc-, manu such, any improvement in the economic standard of the facture of cement and cement products and processing owner is reilected by his desire to use better qualit -of tea assume .importance. material in the construction of his house both for wa~ and for roof. As such, any discussion based on the The statement indicates that workers in Hosiery and material of the wall aod roof will throw considerable light knitted fabrics are concentrated only in Palladam taluk on the standard of habitation available in different par~. .I._ whieh has also a fairly large number of industrial workers in cotton ginning, cleaning, etc. Pollachi is The over-~ll picture of the State ~nd the district may first be studIed have a compara.tive idea. 110ted for proeesBing of teB in factories and production to 30 Di.!tribution oj 1,000 lwmelwlds living in cenSil8 houses used wholly or partly cu dwellings by predominant material of waU RURAL URBAN ,.. ..A.. TOTAL """ r--..A..---...... ,-_..A...__ ~~ Wan mate:ial State DLdrlct Stati Dietriat State DI.tric; (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Mud 742 643 385 361 652 565 Burnt Bricks .. 144 33 481 299 229 107 Stone 69 264 76 299 70 273 Unburnt bricks 22 7 31 13 24 8 Grass, leaves, reeds or bamboo 9 7 12 14 10 It C. I. IIbaete 5 42 2 2 Ii 31 Timber 2 N 1 5 2 2 Cemenb ooncrete 1 N 6 5 2 2 Other materials .. 2 N 3 .N 2 N Material not stated 4: 4 3 2 4: ,..) NOTE - 'W means negligible. At the first sight, one will notice that the first four Coimbatore give preference to stone walls than their' items are the most important wall materia.ls both at counterparts in other districts. The district proportion the State and district level. Besides, the inhabitants for grass, leaves, etc., in the urban sector is slightly of Coimbatore district especially the rural folks, use higher than the State proportion. C.r. sheets to a large extent. Even among the first four The comparative position of roof material is indicated~ imp~rtant materials, the rural and urban population of below:- . Di,triktioft of 1,000 ht>iu~]l(Jlds titling in ~n8'IJ,S hOU8M 'Used wholly or partly", dwellinga by. prtdomiMnt material 0/ roof. TOTAL RURAL .A. l:JRBA.N ,... 1 ,_, ..A.._~ ,.... .A. IlI8terial ~. Roor State District State Diltrict Sta~ Distrlc~ (1) (2) (3) (4:) (5) (6) (7) Gre.ss, leaves, reeds thatch, wood or bamboo. 579 269 664 318 325 142 Tiles, slate, shingle 328 691 276 672 481 741 Brick Bnd lime 44 9 22 2 109 27 Conarete and stone slabs 25 6 19 2 46 IS C. I. !heets, etc. 15 12 11 N 27 43 Aabelt08 cement sheets .. .. 2 6 1 1 5 20, All other material .. 4 4 4 2 4 7 Materia.l not stated 3 3 3 a :) 2: NOTE - 'N' means negligible. It is a notable feature that where&s grass, leaves, The district has recorded a. remarkable drop in the thatch, etc., a(;cQunts for more than 50 pel' cent of the usage of thatched rooting. It is less than half the pro roof materials in the State, tiles predominate in the portion for the State. district with more than 65 per cent. Even though the utilisation of Asbestos is limited to a little less than ,2 In fact, Coimbatore district indicates a trend entirely per cent in the district, its proportion is higher than the different from that prevalent in other districtfl. Here, State. Similar situation prevails in the rural sector in thatch is not as widely preferred as tiles. The reason is regard to OJ. Sheets. not the availability of clay or the increased manufacture of bricks but. mainly the comparative affluence of the On the contrary, brick and lime, which has recorded a people, who would naturally prefer comfort and also. high proportion of 109 in the urban sector of the State would wish to display their wealth in the form of pUCCi., record~ a low proportion of 27 m the district. or semi-pucea. houses. / 31 _Let u~ now examine the position in various ~aluks. " Distribution, of 1,000 }wusehfJlds living in census houses used wholly or pflrt],g as dwellings by predominant materiul 01 wall. s c: • ~ Wall material ..:.s ...... 0.. .., ~4l :::j 8 ... '"Q, 0 -a ~ ... Ii 'ii OJ ::a '; OJ o.!! CIl ~ 't:I .., 0 .~ .. 't:I ~ oj ~ ~ S :s., ~ ~p. g ;:; =.. p ..., ..c .c: ~ '5 '0 '0 A ~ 0 Iii1 A ~ ...: 0 jl.j t:J (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (I)) (10) (ll) lIud 565 584 618 fi09 783 559 658 4H 377 626 :Stone .. 273· 320 317 262 137 4-24 256 196 296 329 'Burnt bricks 107 57 28 98 59 14 74 339 4:0 %8 C. I. sheets ... 31 \) lJ N ~ 0 1 1 258 0 ,Gras8, leal'e8, reeds or bamboo 9 ( 20 6 2: 6 11 15 9 Unburnt bricks .. 8 31 11 17 12 0 N 3 2 3 Timber 2 N. I N 0 N N 1 9 0 ',Cement oonerete 2 0 a 1 N N 2 5 1 1 . Other materials N N f) N J N 0 1 (J 0 ,Ma.terial not stated .. 3 4: 2 '( 6 I 3 2 2 4: NOTE - , N ' means negligible In ~n the taluks except Pollachi and Coimbatore, Pollaehi presents a peculia.r position with more than more than 55 .per cent of the houses ~re eonstrueted one-fourth of the hou~es with C.I. sb\~et~ 2.8 W&!l material. Such a high percentage is because of the with mud walls. Dharapurnm records the highest per housing lines for plantation workers in Valparai area. centage of 78·3 followed by Avanashi (65'8 per cent). Another notable feature is a higher percentage of about' 34 per cent of burnt brick walls in Coimbatore taluk. Stone is the second predominant material in the district. Palladam records the highest proportion of 424 On the whole, Coimbatore ta!uk assumes the first followed by . Udumalpet (329), Bhavani (320) and place with about 54 per cent of the houses either with stone or burnt brick ail wa.ll mat,erial followed by Palla (~opichettipa1ayam (317). The reason for these high proportions should be obTious as rocks are available in dam (44 per cent). -these talub. Let us now consider the position of roof material. Di8tribution of 1,000 households living in censU8 hOU$ts used wholly or partly Qe dwellings by predominant mattnal of roof. S oS ~ "; I!lo S (!) o! ~ :3 0: Roor materiiU ... .§ Ro CIl ~ a :a ·s Q, d 01 0; "" -§ CIl ~ ,t:l oS... ~ ... ~ .. ~ ~ 0. 'g d 8 ~ ~ ""~ .s 0 .. ..c ~ '6 '0 oe ~ IX! 0 III ~ ~ -< 0 Il< t;l (1) (2) (3) (4) (ii) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) "Tiles, slate, shingle .. 691 327 683 599 631 883 785 790 620 801 'Grass, leave!'!, reeds thatch, wood or bamboo. 269 656 3(J3 359 356 104 193 159 249 187 'C.I. sheets, etc. 12 N N N N 3 12 4 83 Brick and lime .. 9 1 1 18 3 3 1 26 2 f: .Concrete a.nd stone B1a.bs 6 2 3 8 3 5 2 15 f: 1 Asbestos cement sheets S N S I 0 1 2 2 "'0 1 All other materials 4 11 5 10 2 1 3 1 N 1 Material not ata\ed 3 3 2 5 5 N 2 3 2 4 NOTli: - ' N ' mean. negligiblf! 1\ remarkable :£eature in Coimbatore distriet is that followed by Uduma.!pet 801 and Coimbatore 700. Thes& more thaD 60 per (lent of the houses in each taluk with .are the three taluks whioh have recorded high proportion the exception of Bbavani have tiled roofing. Palladam oi stone or briok walled houses. leads all the taluks with the highest proportion' oi 883 32 As in the case or wall material, Pollachi indicates areas of Coimbatore can be assigned the filth ra.nk with comparatively a high proportion of OJ. sheets for roofing & proportion of 84 households living in three rooms and also. 'Brick and lime)" and 'Concre~ and staDe above out of every 1,000 households which is exactly slabs ' find favour in Coimbatore taluk. the State average. The first four ranks are held by Kanyakumari, Nilgiri, Tirunelveli and North Areot with Based on our previous assumption that more the a proportion of 343, 315, 148 and 100, respectively. The ,dumber of houses with walls built of burnt brick and proportions for other districts r&nge from 47 to 83. This 1Jtones, and less the number of houses with kutcha roof fact confirms the existence of a fairly good· 8ccommodl\ is an indicator for the economic pro sp eritJ ) Coimbatore, tion in Ooimbatore district. In case of urban, Coimbatore Palladam and Udumalpet are the taluks where the con has been shifted two ranks lower than .that of rural. ditions of housing are better. getting only seventh rank with a proportion cf 156 out M Households--Break up by number of rooms.-Any 1,000 as against a State average of 169. house which does not provide accommodations at the rate Let us now examine the adequacy of accommodation of one room for every two persons can reasonably be within the taluks of Ooimbatore district by Qrill.lysing t.h~ assumed to involve overcrowding. The average size of following table:- the household in Madras State is 4.62. As such, a. house with three rooms will provi~e suffiicent accommo Proportions oj hou8eholds occupying thTee and dation for a family in Madras State. mOTe roomed houses per ,1,000 total households. Households in occupation of no regular room and one Name of glut Rural Urban stctor sector room, prima facie, suffer from overcrowding. Only eight (I) (2) (3) out of every 1,000 hOUiileholds in the rural areas of Coim Bbava.ni .' 4~ 95 batore district occupy no regular room as against 47 for Gopiciliettipalayam 62 Ul2 the Stat.e. Thanjavur, Kanyakumari and the Nilgiri Erode .. '0 75 158 are the only other districts which have recorded a pro Dharapuram .. 72 \ 212 portion lower than that of Coimbatore, the proportions PalIadam. 100 113 being 7, 5 and 0, respectively. Avanashi 75 16S. It is quite significant that even in the urban sector, Coimbatore 105 161 Ooimbatore district assumes seventh rank in respect cf Pollaohi _ .. 146 147 overcrowding with a combined proportion of 605 house Udumalpet 89 117 holds with no regular room and one room as against the Dietrict; average .. 8~ 156 State proportion of 609. The least overcrowded district iSI as in the case of rural, Kanyakumari with a. proportion of 343 and Thanjavur is the most overcrowded are~ with The disparity between the rural and urban sectors is" 691. The scope provided for better housing by th6 small in the truuks of Pollachi and Udumalpet and large economic activity of the people in Coimbato:!'e distriet is in Dharapuram, Avanashi and Erode. Palladam and to a large extent offset by the high cost of building Coimbatore taluks assume the unique position of having sites. better accommodation both in the rural and urban sectors ... But the rural sector of Pollachi and urban sector of Dhara. Households occupying two rooms is generally the puram score the first rank in the district. pattern .of housing found among the lower middle-class people of the State. In the Madras State 187 households Now, let us turn our attention to two more aspects of out of 1,000 live in two rOoms. In the rural areas, the overerowding (i.e.), the average number of persons in proportion is. only 176 while in urban it is 217. As against a household and the average number of persona occupied t.he State proportion, the proportions of Coimbatore per room. The number of persons per household will district works out to 214. 205 and 238, respectively, indi help the reader to have a general idea of the size of house cating a higher proportion than the State. The rural hold whereas the number of persons per room is the: proportion falls below the urban proportion indicating important bator fot' aollsideration. tbat the conditions of housing found in the urban sector are better than those in the rural sector. The overall average size of household for the State is: 4·62 with a. rural size of 4·57 and an urban size of 4'76. Households in possession of three rooms and more can Thf' corresponding sizes for the Coimbarore district are generally be assumed to have adequate accommodation 4·61. 4'57 and 4'71 respectively. There is not much for a comfortable living_ On this assumption, the rural disparity between the State and dis·£rici position. 33 The sizes within the district are distributed as indicatea Dharapuram is conspicuous by recording & smaller size below:- of household both in fUfal and urban secto1'8, .A. vanashi Number of per8on8 per hou8ehold, , and Pollachi have comparatively & bigger size of house: Taluk Total Kura.1 Urban hold in the rural sector. In Pollachi, there is an increase (1) (2) (3) (4) in the urban sector, Another interesting feature is that 4'71 District average, "61 "57 the size of urban househ.old is bigger than that of rural Bhavani ., ' ,. 4,'68 4,69 "SO Gopiohettipa141'am 4,'" 4,'54 4'77 except Bhavani and Pollachi taluks_ Erode 4·54 H:Y 4'77 DhQraptll'&m 4'33 4'32 4'51 Palladam _, 4:'56 4'54: "62 4,.76 Avanashi 4'77 "81 Another important factor is the average number of Coimbatore 4'72 4'65 4'77 persons per room in each category of house, which is PoUMhi .' .. "67 4'75 . 4'57 Udmnalpet 4,056 4'53 4'SO ,indicated by the following statement:- Aver .. number of ~rllOllII per loom in hOU'6S witb ,.. .A. ~ Five S~/DfltrlptlraIak All eaBflI One Two Three Four roo.:r.a combiDed room (OODlJ rooma rooms and aboYil (I) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) (7) Ia.drall St.&11 ,- 3'Oa 4-21 2'58 1'91 1'59 1'1e Counbator. District " 3'02 4:"2U 2'58 1'92 1'58 l-OS Bhflvani 3'70 4'44. 2'79 2-06 }'62 1027 Gopiohettipalayam " 3'32 "26 2'67 2'01 1'49 1'02 Erode " 3'10 4'15 2'05 1'86 1'68 }028 Dhllorapuram 2'96 3'94: 2'~7 1'83 1-54: HI) P&Ilu.dam 2'87 4'15 2-46 1-9Q 1-62 (1'98 Avanashi 3'27 4'41 2'69 1'96 1'60 I'U Coimbatore .. 2'79 4'20 2'57 1'93 1'59 1'05 Pollachi 2'75 4,'12 2'54 1'97 l'52 1'03 Udumalpet a'08 4'22 2'54 1'84 1;53 l-Oi At first; it will appear that there is not much disparity The fiuetuation of average within the district is mor~ between the State and district. Besides, in all the cate- than that of district and State. gories except ' three rooms " the district average is less In genera.l overcrowding is more marked in Bhavani than the State average indicating that the district is 3 Jess and Gopichettipalayam taluks, but least in Pollachi ta!uk. congested one. The wider gap between State and district Overcrowding in Bhavani is noticed in each and every is noticed in the case of :five rooms and above, This is category 01 houses. Besides Bhavani, a sharp rise in an indication that. the affluent society of Coimbatore overcrowding is noticed in the Single-roomed houses of district is wealthier than their counter-parts for the Avanashi and the big houses of Erode. The least over State as a. whole, crowding in single-roomed houses is observed in Dhar.. pUlaDl ~uk.: CHAPTER V AGtuCULTUBE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Sandy and gravelly soils of the red variety constitute cotton, oil-seeds, sugarcane, spices, condiments and the major portion of soils in the district. Naturally crops tobacco. Cotton which forms the major cash crop of the grown in the past decades were of the dry type. an region has considerably affe~ted the industnal develop analysis of the agricultural data. of the previous years ment of the district. It has led to the concentration of . would show that crops that need fertile soils were seldom textile industry ill and around Coimbatore. This in tura grown in the region while dry crops like millets formed has stimulated on other allied industries ~n the region a good percentage of th~ cultivated area. Rice which thereby accelerating the pace of industrialisamon. needs a good 80il and irrigation did not form the staple Ho~ever, the important cash crops like cil-seeds and produce of Coimbatore, even though it was cultivated tobacco have considerably influenced the trade of tilll in areas like Pollachi and Udumalpet taluks and to a region. Chief articles or trade are spices, oil seeds and lesser extent in Coimbatore haluk.' But with the com· condiments and chillics. These items produced in pletion of the Lower Bhavani Project and Amal',llIvathi Pollachi are considered superior to the same products in Project, agriculture has undergone a revolution, in that other regions. land under paddy cultivation increased in taluks like Gopichettipalayam, Erode, Bhavani and Dharapuram. In Food deficit of the region has become an annual featUre the past, paddy did not constitute the staple food or the necessitating the import of foodgrains from qeighbouring inhabitants of Coimbatore. To-day Coimbatore has a\l districts in large quantities. Chief millet erops eulti many rice·eaters as in other parts of the State. It will vated in the districts are f}holam, cumbu, ragi, flamai be clear iihat people have by their sheer industry' deve and tenai. Paddy is cultivated in the dis~rict over an. loped agriculture in the district as to be a model for area of 271,035 acres and yields 18u,050 tons. Paddy is , ,\ others" The soil has been fully exploited by the people cultivated largely in Gopichettipalayam, Erode, Pollachi, by raising different crops and practising rotation of crops. Udumalpet, Bhavani and Dharapuram taluks. It Js also To some extent cumbu and cholam which used to be cultivat.ed in small tracts in Coimbatore taluk. Paddy is cheap millets grown in the district have given place to generally grown in two crops, the short-term crop or the paddy. kar as it is locally called and the long-term crop of five months duration which is locally kn~wn as the samba In spite of the fach that Coimbatore is highly indus crop. The cultivation of paddy in the disgict has trialised, it has a significant place in the agricultural improved considerably after the establishment of the field. Though only 30·4 per cent of. the total popul9rtion paddy breeding centre at CoimbatGre whioh has evolv.ed are engaged in agriculture and allied activities, its pro a number of seed strains of which the most popular are duction is comparable with leading a.gricultural districts GEB. 24, CO. 1, CO. -2. TKM. 6 is another 'improved of the State like Thanjavur and Tiruchirap alIi. variety popular in the district. 45 per cent of the total area of the district·, i.e., 1.739,999 a.cres out of the total area of 3,855,731 ncres Cholam.-Among millets, cholam is important a~d~iB is under cultivation. Because of the intensity of the cultivated over an area of 487,558 acres and yieMs methods in cultivation, in agricultural production, the 150,300 tons. Its straw is used as fodder. The institu· district occupies an important place in Madras Sta.te. tion of separate millets breeding stations at the district In spite of the well known development of agriculture, headquarters has resulted in better cultivation of cholam. the district has always remained an area of food deficit. A number of new varieties have been evolved and In rice and millet it is deficit to the extent of 113,000 iutroduced which yield 10 to 15 per cent over the normal'. tons and 19,000 tons respectively. By this state:rne:lt we do not wish to underestimate the significance of agri Cumbu.-Cumbu was cultivated in 2S3,OOO acres and culture in the district economy. Fifty.five per cent of yielded 45,520 tons in 1950-51. The present area )s the total cultivated area in the district is under :food 163,249 acres with a yield of 49,190 rons during 1960~1. erop~. The p&ttem of agriculture is different from tJ:ta.t It is cultivated mostly in GOlliehettipo.layam, Erode, of the districts like Thanjavur and Tiruchirapalli. Dharapuram and Bhavani taluks. It is also cultivated Coirobatore is noted for its commercial crops such IS in Pollachi and Palladam taluks though n~ tb the t;sme i /35 eJtten' , New and improved strains have been .illttO Research Station. Coimba.tore. These new tJPes have duced by the Millet Breeding Station. These ar,e Co.. 1, been designated CO. 419, CO. 421 and CO. 449,. CO. 2 and CO. 3 and are gaining popularity because 01 the heavy yield. T.R.M. 6 is a.nother popular new brr.ed. on ·seeds.-Oil seeds form another major commercial '" crop of the district o9vering 368,264. acres. The chief BagJ, sa~i and tenai.-Bagi, samBi. Md tenai are'the among these are castor, gingelly and groundnllt. other three important food crops. Of these, ragi is now Gingelly is the most important because it covers th~' found to cover 101,804 acres yielding 45,450 tons. largest area. It is cultivated both in dry lends and in Actually II. fall in afea and production bas been recorded garden lands and is found mostly in Dharapuram and as the fig~res ar~ 155,000 acres in 1950-51 with a pro- Palladam. TMV. 1 and TMV. 2 are the improved duction of 67,610 tons. Samai is cultivated'in Boils '·of strainEl introduced and these varieties have gained wide comparatively ~orse, type such as js found to exist in 'popularity. Groundnut is mostly grown in Pollachi dnd Dharapuram talpb It is cultivated in 73,258 acres and 'in other areas of Avanashi. Bhavani and Coimbatore yields about 12i560 t6ns. Tenai yields the maximum in taluks and to. some extent in Gopichettipalayam. Castor fine black or red loamy Boils though it is cultivated ill' is cultivated largely in Pollachi and is also found in all kinds of soils. Certain improved straIns have been taluks of Udumalpet, Bhava.ni and Avanashi. introduced by the Mill~t Station, CoimbaWre and they are gaining popularity. :'1 Certain vflrieties like CO. ~: Condiments and others.-Condiments and spices are CO. 2 and CO, 3 are Buited both as rain-fed gnd irrigateti also cultivated in the district, most important \1f them crops. being b~tel.nuts, cardamom, turmeric and coriander. They are culti-.ated mostly in Erode, Bhavani, Udumal. Pl\lses. -The important varieties grown are horse· pet and Dharapuram taluks. In turmeric and betel-nUl gram and bl~ckgram. Horsegram occupies more than acreage, the district stands first in the State, and in ha!f the area' under pulses. It is grown chiefly in the tobacco it stands second. Rainfall for Coimbatore has gravelly soils of Dharapuram and Udumalpet. BIsck· always been capricious, Bcanty tlnd uncertain. It is, gram is generally grown either as a pure crop or as a therefore, impracticable to depend upon rainfall a8 a mixed one along with kumbu and cotton especially'in t·he source of irrigation. Not much could have been done black soils. Pulses are found to occupy the largest area in agriculture, but for the irrigation facilities provided in Dharapuram and Palladam taluks where the soil is by numerous wells and channels Dot to mention the not fertile and adequate irriga.tion facilities do not exist. facilities provided by major projects recently executed. Commercial erops.-Cotton is the most important. 272,667 acres have been directly benefited from irrigation. The black: Boil of the Coimbat.:Jre district is famous for Agricultural practices of the district are of.a better order than those of other districts. A gradual advance is being its cotton output. 'Cotton has been occupying nIl increasingly important tole in the economy of the made towards scientific :farming using more improved district. To·day it is cultivated in an area of 287,735 methods. Oil engine pumps are widely used. Electric pumps of late began replacing oil pumps. Much ha~ acres a~d yields 140,820 bales. The important varieties that were popular in Coimbatore-Cambodia and Karun been done by the Agricultural College, Coimbatore und other research stations in the district. The Agricultural ganni-have been replaced to a large extent by heavy Demonstration Farm at Satyamangalam did good work yielding nrieties introduced by the Agricultural Research in new methods of cultivation neW' Station at. Coimbatore. Cotton is generally cultivated in popularising evolving the black soil tracts of Coimbatore taluk and in large breeds. part-s of Dharapuram, Palladam and Erode ta!uks and in garden BreBS of Ava-noom and Palladam taluks. Animal Husbandry.-Coimbatore is famous for its Kangayam breed of bulls. It has superiD~ cattle wealth, Sugarcane.-This is another important cash crop. It The schemes undertaken by the Animal Husbandry coverg an area of 29,807 acres and yields 941,890 tons Department like supply of pedigree bulls for breeding, (lU59-60). Cane is chiefly grown in Ooimbato~'e, Dhara the Key Village Scheme, the establishment of Artificia.l puram and Udumalpet taluks. The chief varietie'ot that Insemination Centres were fully exploited by the agri were grown in the region were the Rastha.li or Vallali, culturists of Coimbawre district to improve their cattle. .NamllJD or the striped and purple variety. Of these, the Though Kangayam breed cows do not yield much milk first variety was introduced by Government during 19th their large number and the existence of B few Sindhl Century. However, these varieties have no aignifi.ce.~ce cows and Murrah buffaloes has enabled the district to() to-day because they have been replaced by the improved produce 11·4 lakh lbe. of milk every day which is the Iltrainll evolnd and introduced, by the Agricultural higbesi for any diBtriC.t in the State. Coimba.tore City 36~ has a pasteurisa.tion plant. Another is being erected a~ Males Female~ TotAl Erode. According to the 1961 Cattle Census, the popula. (1) (2) (3) (4) tion of cattle in the district is as follows:- 8h~p:- Up to one )'911or 192,79:1 Males Femdes Total Over ena year 91,867 584,616 676,483 (1) (2) (3) (4) I Whi#1l ca#le:- 869,276 Under one year 76,205 67,574 142,778 Gf)(lta :- One to three years 60,892 56,677 117,569 Up to one year 84,567 Over three years 465,443 383.020 84g,463 Over one year 43,129 153,827 196,956 BuJlalou :- Under one year 34,511 40,2110 74,761 SSl,523 One to three years 21,~O3 29,517 60,720 Poultry:- Over throe yea ... 21,659 172,180 193,839 799,477 iCHAPTER VI IRRIGATION fbe di~trict has 3 difficull terrain with the result that and offers best irrigational facilities. Being fed by the .agriculture ha~ to be supported by well-planned irriga south-west mODsoon on the Western Ghats) it has never tion. In most parts of the distriet, the sub-soil is rocky been known to fuil. The river has been fully exploited and surface soil is very thin and of poor quality, mostly by means of several amcuts, both old and new, There ot the sandy u-nd gravelly varieties of· the red type. were three ancient anicuts across Bhavani till recentlYt Only in very limited areas, we find fine black or ted viz., Danoikankottai anicut in Avanashi taluk, Rodiveri soil. The fine soil being of the loamy variety requires fmicut in GopichE'ttipaJayam and Kalingarayan in .only little irrigation, but this kind of soil is found only Bhavani taluk. Of these the first one irrigated 400 acres, in very few areas of the district, viz., Coimbatore, but it has been submerged by the recently executed pro. Pollachi Fllld Udumalpet. The rainfall in this region is ject of Lower Bhavani Scheme, The Kodiveri anicut has much less than the adjoining distJ.1icts. 'fhe annual been improved considerably with the result additional average rainfall in the region is 612·5 mm. (24·5.inches) acreage has been brought under irrigation from its for the decade 1951-60, Rainfall has been throughout channels. The famous Tadepalli canal and the Arakkan its history indefinite and scanty. The region is noted kottai canal are the two of its most import·ant channels. f~r the failure of monsoons. The district has been Of course the former can irrigate over 15,750 acres and described by Sri H. A. Stuart as the region where the about 12,229 acres for the second ()l'OP while the latter failure of the rains. is a misfortune of frequent occur· can irrigate 3,932 for the first crop and 2,300 acres for renee. Data regarding rainfa.ll do not justify any the second crop. Another irrigation project is Lower revision of this view. Bhavani located at 25 miles from Mettupalayam. It has increased the area under irrigation in the district. The Chief sources of irrigation.-The chief sources of irriga. project as on 31st March 1961 irrigated 192,000 acres and -tion in the district are the rivers, a few rainfed ta.nks it is expected to irrigate over 202,500 Bcres when fully and a number of wells, the latter playing a significant exploited in this district. The additional output of grain role the irrigation of the area. i~ expected is S3,000 tons per annum and of cotton 14,700 Rlvers.-The important rivers are Cauvery, Bhavani, bales per annum. Apart from these . major schemes, Noyyil and Ama.ravathi. All these rivers are fed mostly small tributaries and branches of river also help irrigate by the south· west monsoon as they rise in Western limited areas in the district. Amaravathi is another Ghats. Apart from these rivers, there are a few jungle river which has been ~lmost fully utilised for irrigation. streams, but owing to their capricious and violent It has over a dozen small anicuts across it of which eight behaviour, they Bre not of much use. These streams are are in Udumalpet taluk while the rest are in Dhara generally fed by the north· east monsoon which is famous puram. These channeis irrigate considerable acreage in for its indefinite character in the region. River Cauvery, Udumalpet and Dharapuram taluks. A few of these though it formed the most important river of the region channels have been improved and reconditioned under the vielded very little facility for irrigation till recently. Grow More Food Campaign. During the First Five-Year This was mainly due to the fact that the river had its Plan, Amaravathi Reservoir Project was taken up for course along a rocky bed which was far below the sur· execution in 1953. It was not a new idea, Following rounding lands and its falls were rapid and violent. the famine of 1939, investigations were carried on to sug Until the MeUur Canal Project was completed during the gest means to improve agriculture in the district and this First Five-Year period, not much irrigation was pos scheme was formulated. After Independence when the sible under this river. This project was taken up for ]1'irst Plan was formulated, this scheme was incorporated execution mostly because of the Grow More Food in it. It was started in 1953 and completed in 1958. Campaign. It was completed in 1955 at a cost of over It can stabilise irrigation over an acreage of 32,000 acres Rs. 192 lakhs and can irrigate over 17,200 acres since and offer irrigation to 21,000 acres in Udumalpet and 1955. This project has greatly benefited agricultUre in Dharapuram taluks which taluks have the worst type of Bhavani taluk. Bhavani in Gopichettipalayam and soils in the district. It is expected to yield an additional Erode taluks and Amaravathi in Udumalpet and Dhara. tonnage of 5,700 tons of rice and 2,000 tons of millets. puram taluks are the most important irrigation rivers in A good increase of sugarcane production is al00 expected. the district. Bhavani is the most perennial of the rivers Noyyil is a jungle stream noticed f.or its capriciou. and 38 violent nature. However, the river has enriched the Bub it is not always safe to depend on these chann~ls .. neighbouring ialuks of Coimbatore and Palladam Often wells are dug to supplement these streams. l'anks through its numerous channels and s few tanks fed by also exist in certain regions of the district like Coimba them. Much irrigation work is carried on under Noyyil tore, Udumalpet and Erode taluks. These rainfed tanke. in Palladam and Coimbatore taluks. A number of sometimes fed by the surface streams also ale more or ordinary anicuts across the river and their channels irri· less isolated and irrigation based soler on these tanks gate 13,200 acres. The most important of these IIDicuts has seldom been successful. CultivatIOn under these are Neell 31licut, Pudukadu, Kuniamuthur or Perur tanks has always been found to be risky. Some of the ameut, Coimbatore anicut, the Kurichi, ,vellalore and the major tanks of the district are Perur Periakulam,' the SinganaUur an.i.cuis. Besides, a few anieuts are found Coimbatore Periakulam and Valankulam. It is estimated.' in Palladam taluk also. They irrigate 3,000 acres. The that about 4,000 acres are irrigated by th~se tanks~ area irrigated by each of these ameuts is smail while the The Sulur tank of Palladam taluk is situated to' water most important anicut among them is Odderpalayam over 540 acres. Apart from these, there are two impor aDieut which waters 600 acres. Nallar, a, tributary of tant series of tanks in the district, viz., Appakudat Noyyil feeds a number of irrigation tanks in Avluiashi series in Bh~vani taluk and Dhali series in Udnmalpet taluk. Another river of importance is Allysr which rises taluk. They are surface-streams fed tanks' of major in. the Anamalais and passes through Pollachi taluk importance. Of these, the former is found to be few receiving the Uppar and Palar and finally enters the mostly by various small jungle streams from the Barghur' Keral80 State. In PollaClhi taluk, it has a few small hills while the latter is fed by streams from the Anama-lsi. ameuts across it and irrigates a considerable ~e·a. The Ennamangalam and Periakularu. tanks are the most· important ameuts are Pallivilangal, the Ariyapuram, the important ones, the former of ' the Appakudal !lnd the Karappatti, Peria Ansi and the Vadakkalur anicut. One latter of the Dhali series. A few tanks in the districfi of the most significant irrigation projects under construc have been restored Or renovate~ under the Tank tion is the Parambikulam Reservoir Project. Its aim is Restoration Scheme and the Grow More Fo::d Compaign. to divert the wa.ters of rivers now running into Arabian The first scheme renovated a few tanks in the Bhavani Sea, in Kerala. River Periyar rising in the Western taluk whlle the second scheme improved some ~nks in Ghats flows through Coimbatore district for about Dharapuram, Pollaclll and Palladam ialuks. Among the: a miles before it finally enters Kerala State. The part tanks thus restored are the Nilambur tank (Pal1adam), of the river in Coimbatore district is called Periyar river. Kothavadi tank (Pollachi) and Surianallur and Kathan The proposal is to build a dam and reservoir at Parambi· gani tanks of Dharapuram, kulam with a catchment area of about 88 square miles and divert the waters for agriicultural purposes in Wells as a souree·-:Right from the ancient times, wells Pollachi, Udumalpet, Palla dam and Dharapuram taluks have remained the chief source of irrigation in the dia- I by means of tunnel cut through the mountain ranges. trict. In times of ordinary seasons, they have alwaYlf' This will be supplemented by waters from other reser- provided an unfailing supply of water and even in bad voirs to be constructed across Palar, Aliyar, Sholiyar and seasons when the north· east monsoon failed, most of Thekkadi. These supplementary reservoirs will be inter- them yielded fairly good supply of water. It is reporteCf canrieeted. This scheme is estimated to !jest 35·13 ('rores that even during the famine of 1877-78, a good number' . , of rupees arnd irrigate 2·40 lakh acres o£ land in addition of wells in the region held out and remained a source or to the raising of second crop in 27,000 acres. 'Ihi.~· relief to the ryots. Hence wells· could ellSily be called' project involves the construction of 6 major dams, the heart and life of the distriet and the chief mainstay 2 minor dams, 12·5 miles of '~unnels, 30 mUes of lined of the farmers of the region. The immense and incal·· contour canals a.nd 125 miles of canals with, numerous eulahle value of these could be understood from, the fact .branches of small channels, the length of which is that in spite of increasing irrigationsl facilities provided' 100 miles. This project was taken up for execution in by river valley projects, the number of wells has always November 1958 and steady progress is being maintained. been on the increase. The topography of. the region The Aliya.r Project which forms a part o£ this gigautic favours well irrigation. The gradual slope of the land is' ' scheme has been completed and considerable area has said to encourage well irrigation. Wells in the district' been brought under irrigation. are of varying depths and are found even in tank irrigated , areas where they prove a supplementary source of irriga- . Channels' and ianks._,.A few spring-channels are also tion in times of the failure of monsoon. Over 54·3 pel"" iound in existence in the district in Pollachi and Coirn cent of the total irrigated area of the district is under b~tore mluks. These. channels are fed, by both the mon irrigation from welis. There o.re about 110,000 wells in soons and hence prove to be a fair souree of irrigation. Coimbatore district. each one irrigating on. o.n .average-_' 39 ,3.5 acres. Bullock, driven kavalai or Mohte/;W8s the of irrigationsl facilities in mos~ parte of the district. The most pdpulaf method used for lifting well water. They absence of fertile soil has been compensated to a great have been widely replaced by electri~ pumps. The chief extent by the provision of irrigationai facilities. Of the tlOpS wed under well irrigation are cotton, tobacco, total cultivated ,area of 2,243,955 acres, about 792,281 BugarQ'ane, plantains, ragi, eholam and Clumbu.' acres possess irrigation facilities. Thus over 35·3 per cent of the total cultivated area in the district is under The prominent role Coimbarore has come to play in irrigation. the agricultural sector of the State is due tp the provision CHAPTER VII EDUCATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Prior to the establishmed of British rule and in its Taluk school at CheyyUJ: in 1858. The former was meant; early days, educa,tion was left to the local initiative. for the training of teachers while the latter taught local Only, after the first half of the 19th Century, the State languages, English and other subjects to children. After began making attempts to encourage education. The this land-mark, there was considerable progress in the position of education in the district during the close of the field of Education in the district which was further first quarter of the last century was indeed much dis strengthened by the Local Funds a.nd Town Improve heartening. Public instruction wa.s not considered the ments Actt! of 1871. On that day. the position of 'duty of the State, even though the local chieftains some· education in the region was such that there were six times took pains to patronise it. I Taluk schools or middle schools with 303 pupils, 2 'rate The State-wide enquiry conducted by Sir Thomas schools with 42 pupils~ six Missiona.ry schools with. Munroe in 1822 revealed the existence of several schools 390 students and 205 other a.ided institutions with over' and colleges in the district. These schoola were pial 4,890 students. Apart from these, there were 175 schools to teach the young to write, read and recite while private schools with 2,698 pupils. the colleges were mostly Veda Patasalas, attended gene rally by Brahmin boys who were taught the sciences of Elementary Educatlon.-Until about 1920, Elementary Grammar, Logie and Literature. The Enquiry further Education was left in the hands of private agencies like: revealed that the district had over 173 colleges and about Missionaries, private individuals and local bodies. The· 763 schools with about 8,930 pupils. The total popula State did not interfere at all. But in 1920, the Elemen tion of the district was 638,199. The percentage of pupil8 tary Education Act was enacted, which set up aa to the population was only a little over 1 per cent, i.e., Educational Council lor each district in the State 1.39 per cent only. But due to the peculiar nature of consisting of persons some nominated by the Government instruction imparted in these institutions, the diffusion of and others elected by the 1000.1 bodies. All matt-ers' knowledge among the masses was next to nothing. The concerning elementary education were dealt with in con Munroe Enquiry, however, resulted in the establishment sultation with this body. The Council was established: of a Collectorate and Tabsildary schools in each district. in Coimbatore. This Council laid great empliasls on wide' No such school was, however, started in Coimbatore till diffusion of elementary education. The Madras Educa 1850. tion Act was later modified so as t{) introduce an element of compulsion. This empowered the Heads of Munici· The London Mission Station at Coimbatore took keen palities, District Boards, etc., to impose penalties on, interest in the matter of education and started setting up parents who withdrew their children from elementary Vernacular Schools in the region. The number of such schools. The District Education Council was replaced by schools rose from 6 in 1831 to 14 in 1850. Though they proved popular, they were gradually replaced by Govern. the Taluk Advisory Councils in 1939 which were in tum ment sponsored schools. The then Collector of Coimba· abolished in 1941, and their powers were vested in the tore, Mr. Thomas opened a new Anglo-Vernacular School Department of Education. at Coimbatore in 1852. In 1946, the element of compUlsion and pena.l powers. Due to the efforts of the Board of Instruction set up as which vested in the Municipal Chairman, President, ft, result of the Munroe Enquiry, a Oollectorabe School District Board, etc., were transferred to the District and two Tahsildary schools, came to be organised in the Educational Officers. The overall effect of these mea· district region. But, owing to the mode of selection, low sures was to raise the percentage of pupils reading in pay, absence of stimulus in the teacher, want of training Vth Standard from 9·5 for boys and 9·9 for girls in and the entire absence of supervision, the new scheme 1937-38 to 42·9 and 27'9 respectively £01' boys and girls' was a total iailure. Mean while, the Anglo-Vemacular in 1950-51. controversy was set in motion and the Board of Instruc lions was replaced by the Committee of Native Education. As a consequence of va.rious measures adopted by the This Body introduced the Normal School and the Taluk Government, Elementary education has progressed very School Scheme. It set up one nOrIUal school and a l1lUch in the district. But the fact remains that much il f' more has to be ac~ieved. The following tableB wilt' give Collegiate EduoatloD.-In the field of collegiate ~du. an idea of the genera1 trend of the progress of elementary cation also, private agencies and individuals have played education in the district during the past few decades. a prominent role in this region. The first college in the district was the Coimbatore College which was Number .r iDatltutJon Ageoc'r -;;;-' opened by upgrading the Anglo-Vernacular Sehool or' r·------.A·-----1910-11 19111-31 1960.-11 26 W8I Government • • 8 41 17 Coimbatore set up in 1852 by Mr. Thomas. U Others •• .:. 1,384 2,099 1,213 1,950 upgraded to the position of a High School in 1867-ti8 1.~76 and later in 1868-69' into the status of & second grade Total •• r 1,392 1,230 college. But the college sections were closed soon for Number of pupllt want of sufficient number of students. They ware Popill· 19fiHO ~ re-opened in 1875. From then it has retained the 191!1-~ 1990-31 1950-51 Boy!! ',' 41,4at; 77,105 99,043 1,39,980 status of a college. Up to 1946, this was only a second Girls ... 7,441 47,710 75,745. grade college. In that year, degree courses were intro- Total •• 48,876 99,564 146,753 215,726 duced thus upgrading it into a first grade college. To start with, this was a purely private institution~ butt early, in this century, owing to inefficient management) Secondary Education. -The two enactments 1)£ 1871 the Government took over the running of the institution. acted as a great stimulant to the growth of secondary It may be interesting to note that this was the firs' education in the district. The formation of a number of ' college in the State to introduce Tamil as the medium LOcal Boards and Municipalities led to the opening of of instruction for subjee~ under proup III for the a number Of tJducat.iona.} institutions of this category. Intermediate course. This attempt was considered a The Local Funds and Town Improvements Act of 1871, great Sllccess and further experiment·s are DOW being entrusted education to the local bodies which. made made in imparting instruction through Tamil medium sincere efforts towards making education available to the even for subjects in Degree courses also in the same public. The effects of these measures began to be felt college. soon and the opening of the 20th century witnessed At the close of the last century I there were two marke~ advance in the field of seconda.ry education in , ' colleges in the district. The first being the Coimbators Coimbe.tore district. College and the other St. Maichael's College. Of these, the latter was the outcome of the high school set up During the last few decades, the district in common by the ROman Catholic Mission at CoimbatA)re in 1860. with othe~ districts experienced far-reaching changes in In 1891, the Hi~h School was upgraded into the posi the field of secondary education. Secondary Education tion of 8. Second Grade College but soon the collega ended with matriculation examination conducted by the sections were closed and the institution remained as a University. In 1911, it was replaced by the S.S.L.C. high school. Examination conducted by the Board of Secondary Education. In 1925, the Managers of Private Schools In the recent past, four more colleges have come t(j were given freedom to choose the medium of instruction. be established in Coimbatore of which two are rOt Though these measures resulted in progress of Secondary women. They are the Nirmala Oollege and the Education, much remained to be done. The two tables G. V. G. Visalakshi Oollege. All these new colleges ~re given below show the progress made in the number of under private management. institutions and in the number of pupils respectively The Nirmala College for Women was set up in 1948 during this century:- as a second grade college with only 53 students. III Number Of institution ,--- .... 1957) Science branches were opened. In July that year Acauc, 1910-11 1930-31 1960-51 1959-61) it was upgraded into a first grade college coaching for Government 1 2 3 3 Pre-University course as well as Degree courses. It Others •• 20 24 76 1.23 was situated in R.S. Puram. But in 1957, it was· Total 21 26 79 126 .. shifted to its new premises at RedfieIds. The· G.V.G.V. College was founded by Sri G. V. Govinda Number of pupils r" -.A.. swamy Naidu in memory of his daughter Visalakshi in l'uplil 1910-11 1930-31 1950--51 -~1959-60 1952. When started this institution was a second grade Boys ... .. 4,764 10,028 28,671 48,167 Girls .. 181 354 7,743 19,744, college but recently it has been upgraded to that of • first grade institution preparing students for Pre Total -4,946 10,382 36,414 67,911 " -- University as well as for degree courses. 0-6 42 " Apart from these, there [Ire two more first grad!) Massachussets Institute and offer facilities for post colleges in the district. They are the P.S.G. Arts grad~ate and research studies in Engineering. It now College, Peelamedu alid the Mahajana College, "Erode, offers only B.E. course in Civil, Mechanical and Electri Of these, the former was started in 1947 as a seconJ cal Engineering. Besides these, the distri!'~ has an grade college by the P.S.G. & Sons' Charities, Coimba Agricultural and Forest Oollege. The Agricultural kre. fu 1957, this institution was upgraded into a first School started at" Saidapet was shifted to Coimhawre in grade college. The Mahajana College of· Erode has 1902. In the beginning, it offered only Certificat.e grown out of the Town High School establismed in Course in Agriculture. 'In 1920 the three-year degree 1887-88. In 1954, the high school was raised to the course j.n agriculture was started under the auspices of position of a. second grade college and further in 1957 the University of Madras. From 1932 onwards, admis into the status of a degree college. sion to the college was restricted to students having pase~d Intermediate Course iii Science: Under the :, ffwo more colleges were started in 1956-57 thus post-war development scheme, the admission 'W:as , : ~, J bringing the total number of colleges in the district to raised from 48 to 00. In 1953 the admission was further seven of which only one is under Government control. raised to 168. The college has started post-graduate And The total number of student~ on rolls in &ll these research studies in agriculture. Owing to the interest colleges was 2,914 of which only 666 were women in taken by various privaile agencies and the meas,ures 195U-60. taken by the Government from time to time, edu~ation in the district has made rapid progress. Besides these, there are two training colleges in the . districh, one for women and the other for men. The A good deal has been achieved in the field 01 training college for women. is run by tue Government elementary education and secondary education. Adult while the other is under the management of Sri Rama education is another field in which progr:ess has been krishna. Mission. It was established in 1950 at Peria- recl)rded. During 1956--57, there were i,n the distriot naickenpalayam and the college for women was set up 165 adult schools with a strength of ~.,105 men and under the First Five-Year Plan in 1956 at Coimbatore. 1,019 women. : ' ~here are only 112 trainees on the rolls of these two (lolleges together. Public Health ,-Areas like Pollachi, UdUlbalpet and parts of Coimba,tore taluk enioy fair climat~~ Occasional , Technical Studies. -This district has two colleges and visitation of extremely dangerous i diBeas~s in the one institute of technolOgy. In 1945, Sri J. D. Naidu. district was mostly due to the spread of infections by a noted industrialist offered a donation of Rs. 2' lakhs pilgrims who collected in large numbers' in sal>red towards the establishment of a Polytechnic at Coimbatore. places and also by ,workers who gathered in huge num He further offered to place his buildings and workshops bers during haryest season. Even thoug~ the Madr:ls &t the disposal of the Government for locating the 'rown Improvements Act and Madras Local Funds Act of Polytechmc. The Government accepted Mr. Naidu's 1871 made it obligatory On the part of the Local Bodies oJIer snd started the Polytechnic in 1945. In 1950 when to ensure sanitation in urban areas, no comprehensive, t the buildings for the college were constructed, the District Health Scheme was enforced. Th~ Act of 1933 Polytechnic was shifted to its own premises. Besidee along with the Madras Publio Health Act of 1939 went this a full fledged Government College, of TechnologJ a long way towards ensuring proper sanitati::lu in urban has also been started. Here degree course in Civil, areM. In 1951, protected water-supply was in force Electrical and Mechanical Engineering is provided. only in Coimbatore, Erode, Pollachi, Mettupalayam and Another jnstitution of the P.S.G. & Sons' Charities Tiruppur towns. Under Rural Water Supply ProjeBt: College of Technology at Pcelamedu was founded in over 1,200 wells were sunk and under the First Five· 1951. The Charit~8s had set up an industrial school in Year Plan, over 1,500 wells were also' sunk in the 1924 for artisan course as a career for mechanics and district. In 1951 only Coimbatore town had under electricians. In 1939 it was raised to a polytechni~, ground drainage facilities. Major diseases which have offering instruction for Diploma courses in Civil, threatened the district from time to time are cholera, Mechanical and Printing TechnologY. A COurse in small-pox, malaria and plague. Of these, cholera has Textile Technology was added later. In 1951 it wail existed in the, district even durIng last century. Senous raised to a College of Technology. Another institutiLlil havocs were caused by it during 1853-54. 1856-58, known as Institute of Technology was started by Sri 1863-66, 1875-77 and 1898. The outbreak of 1866 Y. Rangaswami Naidu, an industrialist or the district. caused a heavy death toll of 7,780 while in 1875 th'3 The founder's idea was to develop it on the lines of the toll was hllavier still-14,2ZO. In the following year, it claimed 26,933 victims.. The outbreak of 1898 cla,iined disease. The introduction of the' National Malaria over 8,397 lives. During recent times, its ravage~ have Eradication. Project, commonly known as N.M.E.P. become less serious. In 192() its death toll was' 2,124 which replaced National Malaria Control Project and its and in 1931 it was 2,100. In 1937 it claimed 3,310 vigorous anti-malaria campaign had decreased the lives while in 1943 its victims numbered to 9,649. There- incidence of malaria in the district. after du$ to the steps taken by the Public Health Depart· ment, there has been a definite decline in its incidence. The incidence of leprosy in the district is negligible. III '1950 oruy 3,158 deaths were reported. Plague is It was found only five out of every 10,000 persons had primarily a ,disease of the rats. But the relationship symptoms of .the disease, as shown by Census in 1951. between rata 'and human beings being rather close, the Treatment is available in all leprosy clinics attached b outbreak of ~e, disease .among rats is bound to spread the Government Hospitals. among men' also. Fortunately the incidence is low. V!lriDUS measures-control and preventive-have yieldod Another dangerous disease which threatens the encouragiIlg ~~Bult~; in 1951 throughout the rnstrict, only district is Tuberculosis. The incidence of T.B. was one death·· ~as ca~sed by this disease. Important heavy. In 1957 about 19,161 persons were found affectef control measu~es. are improvement'. of sanitation, isola.· by this disease. The :fir~t T.B. Sanatorium was openel} tion and treatment ~t the patient and mass inoculation in 1939 at Perundurai and the next at Peelamedu in against the disease. i The use of cyanogas and D.D.T. 1950. The incidence of the disease is found to be 3 for the desku~tion of rats, fleas, etc., have shown good to 4 per cent in urban areas. resultfl,. " The incidence wa~ rather heavy during the opening 01 :the century. In 1909 there were 5,582 Other diseaseB ,which have fairly heavy incidence in deaths due to plague. In 1920 the figure was 3,869. the. district are dysentry (127,973), scabies and other Later Oll< there has been considerable dec.line in its skin diseases (95,536), bronchitis (97,651) and other !!lcidence. "rhe position during the la~t decade-1951-60 inilamatory diseases l53,322}. ia given in Part V of this Volume. Coimbatore district has a number of Government Municipal and Local Fund hospitals and dispensaries' Small-pox has mad'e its appea.rance frequently. . . Though ita impact has not been serious, its victims besides a £ew aided and purely private medical institu: numbered 2,075 and 2,675 in 1882 and 1892. There tions. The region had 86 medical institutions or which has been 6 marked decrease in the incidence for in 1922 52 were hospitals and the rest dispensaries .. In. 1957 the ~ - , ~ ~ . . it took aw.ay .1)97 lives while in 1951 it claimed 1.2!O district had eight first-class Government· hospitals s,t victims. This :was fUrther reduced to 300 in 1957. Coimbatore, Pollachi,. Mettupalayam, Dharapuram, Erode, Tiruppur, Udumalpet and Gopichettipalayam,' Malaria was widespread in the hilly regions of the ll:prinlary health centres and 32 Municipal and District district. In 1947~. the District Anti-Malaria Scheme . ! '. Board. dispensaries. The availability of medical facIli. was introduced. The National Malaria Cont.rol Project ties in the region has improved much during the past of the Government of Ma~Fas w~s introduced in 1955-56, decade. In 1961 the district had 92 hospitals and The con&truction of dams and irrigation projects, the dispensaries with a total bed strength of 2,419. 'Ihis extens10n of ayacut areas, etc., have given rise to malario works out to one medical institution for every 59 square genic condit~DIl,9. But Anti-Malaria Campaign has been miles of area in the district. The corresponding position' carefully planned and the district kepu free from the in 1951. W!\8 one institution for every 98'7. sq_uru:e mileil,! , .' • • , I " CHAPTER VIII INDUSTRIES AND ,TRADE With 47 per cent of its population depending on nun J aggery was prepared from cane ~ well as from agricultural occupations, Coimbatore has developed an palmyrah but the latter was more popular among poorer industrial base for its economy. Among industries that classes of people. Oil pressing was carried on by prospered in this region in ancient times were hand· Vanier caste in this district. They traded both iIi oil spinning, hand-weaving, carpet weaving, cart manu and oil-cakes. It was generally made out of castor, facture and basketry. Of these industries, a few gingelly and groundnut. industries like handloom weaving, carpet making and -Coimbatore which known basketry still retain their importance. The region has Major Industries. is as the ., Manchester of the South" will (before long .attained wide fame in the manufacture of handlouID textiles, baskets and carpets. But only the first two become the " Detroit of India", in view of 'the remark industries have been able to withstand the passage of able progress made by the district during the last three time. decades. The district took the maximum advantage of the various concessions extended by the Government Basket Making. -It is practised as a cottage industry from time to time to record a phenomenal all round in the district. Apart from ordinary baskets, special development. The industrial development received a baskets 'for the handling of fruits are also made. These sudden boost during the 1930 and the boom followed in baskets are fitted with iron brackets at the bottom so the post-Independence period. Apar~ from the cotton that they do not give way under pressure of weight of textile industry, there are many import&'nt industries in seeds and fruits. There is a heavy demand for these the district. The chief industries ,and, the places in baskets in and around Mettupalayam as the vegetables, which they are located are given below:..;.. fruits and other products from the Nilgil'i arG brought 1 Cement faotory • • . . lIadnkkarai. to MettupaJ.ayam for packing and export. Methakarars, S Rubber gtads and Plaetio Velandip .. layam near Dabba Koravars and Mudavandies have made this work industry. Coimbatore. 3 Rayon factory • • 8ir~mllgai. ~heir monopoly. Baskets from tlais region are also sent, , Coffee curin,g •• MeUupalayam. to Madras, MangaJ.ore and Malabar. Special nursery 5 Tea manufacture Valp&l'ai. baskets are made for coffee and tea plantations. Thus, 6 Sugar factory ... . . Hai vadi -- -in~ Udumalpe\ we :find tha,t basketry has remained an important oocu \ taink. 7 Artificial diamond factory • • Hettnpalayam. pation of the district in spit.:! of serious competition 8 Hosiery goods manufacture ., Tiruppnr. from other packing materials. 9 Button manufacture Coimbatore, 10 Cotton fabric bleaching •• • • M.attupalayam. carts-Ulharapuram is a famous centre for bullock 11 Cotton fabrio printing and Erode and Bhavani. carts manufadure both for the conveyance of persons calendering and commodities. They were remarkable for their 12 Rice milling industry .. •• Erode; Tiruppur, Avaoa.shi Pollaehi and Co!mbato:re streJ,lgth and durability. They were cheap and goad Taluks. and would last for 12 to 14 years. Timber required for 11 Vegetable oil mills .. Bhavani, Erode and Pollachi. this industry was brought from Palghat. Only carts for 14 Cotton ginning •• •• Tiruppur, Avanuhi. carrying loads Ilre made now. But this industry d.oes Gopiebettipalayam and Udumalpet taluks. not have that importance which it had. in the past. 15 Glass factory •• • • Mettupalayam. 16 Radio manufacturing •• • • Coimbatore. Manufacture or carpets.-Carpets of Bhavani is 17 Asbe.tos sheets • • .. •• Poda.nur. another important cottage industry. Its role will be dis 18 Chemicals.. •• , • Coimbatore. cussed later. 19 Handloom weaving •• Erode, Bhavani. Dbara puram, Coimbatore, Two other cottage industries that existed in Coimba· and Tiruppur taluks. 20 Carpet manufactUre " Bhavani. tore :from ancient times were the production of :pa.lm 21 Br8811 vessel making .. • • Angeripalayam near jaggery and oil pressing. Of these, the former used to Tiruppur and Gopich'" engage many persons of Shanan community the chief tipalay&m. 22 Khadi spinning a.nd weaving "' VellakoiI, Al'anashi and centres being Avanashi, Erode and Gopichettipalays!D. Tiruppur. :23 Palm-gar maniJ{800ture .. • • Kunnathur an4/ Pernn Ranga. Vilas and Radhakrishna Mills were established • durai. i' After 1933, when the Pykam Electric Power Station was '2f Ca.* ,iaaory ;manufacture .. Udumalp~t. f AnDur Kava.ndapadi and commissioned, the textile industry grew more rapidly. Kodumudi. In 1941, there were 27 mills. Before the Second World :25 Tobacco curing .. • . Pallooam, Koduvo~ VM&patti and Kanga- War, people were reluctant to invest capital in an , yam. industry which had to face keen competition from MAtches " Somanur • ~6 .. traders in Britain and Japan. During the War, the ~7 Leather tatming •• •. Coimbatore and Peria. Agraharam. position changed completely. Mills stabilised their position. The huge profit earned during the war tame A brief" account or some of the leading industries of was invested again in the industry and this resulted in the district, ~ould give the reader an insight into the quick advancement. Though a large number of mills spectacular industrial advancement of the district. exist in the district, they are mostly owned by a few , \ families or groups, each group owning three or four mills. Cotton TextiI8$. -Of these industries, cotton textile 'occupies :t;he mos~ domiI;lant ptace. The soil conditions 'fhe mills in the district produce yam from 2 to 100 'Df this region have encouraged the, cotton cult~vation counts especially the superior counts of ~O, 60, 80 and while clim~tic conditions have supported the textile 100. Some mills produce double-cone and mercerised manufacture. This industry has played an importMt yarn. About ten mills proouce gada, muil, long-cloth, Tole in the textile industry of the whole country Imd can dhoties, turkey towel and terry towels. They have got 'stand a comparison with other major cent,res like sp~cial looms for the manufacture .0£ these products. Bombay and Ahmedabad. Out of 133 mills in the State) , '79 are located in Coimbatore district. The cotton textile Ancillary TextUe IndustrieS.-Along with the cotrJn industry ,has developed during the decade 1951-61 with mills, powerlooms, cotton ginning and calendering remarkable speed. In 1951, thera were only 32 mills factories and warp sizing factories are dispersed :in the district whose spindlage and loomage were 8·1 throughout the district in hundreds. Of these many are :lakhs .and 2,400. In 1961, tIle number or mills rose owned by the mill owners themselves. In 1951 there to 79 with 1,800,000 spindles and 9,366 looms. At the were 86 ginning factories in the district which increa.sed beginning of the First Five-Year Plan, there wert>; to 134 in 1961. These ancillary industries meet the "24;000 workers in cot,ton textiles which rose to 52,000 at requirements of the textile mills. Tiruppur, Pollachi, -the end of the Second Five-Year Plan. Coimbatore, Avanashi, Chennimalai, Udumalpet, Annur, Gopichettipalayam and· Erode are the important centres Most of the mills are situated in Coimbatore City and where the ginning factories are situated. . More ~hQn the adjoining areas of Peelamedu, Singanallur, Gana 5,000 persons are employed in them. There are 25 power }lathi land Uppilipalayam. The textile industry in the loom factories in Coimbatore district. Of these many -district has always been a predominantly spinning one are in Erode, PaUadam and Coimbaiore truuks. They 'supplying the needs of handlooms, powerlooms and other are engaged in the manufacture of dhoties from c[)tton industries both within and outside the State. There yarn and staple fibre. They engage 300 persons. are, however, 16 composite mills which are engaged both in spinning and weaving. The mills in the district Many establishments are engaged in (~otton fabric produce every year 307,089 bales of yarn and 30,268 bales bleaching, dyeing and printing. The United Bleachers -of cloth (one bale of yarn weighs 180 kilograms; one bale in Mettupalayam are engaged in bleaching the cloth .of cloth measures 1,500 yards). It is estimated that produced by the mills. In Erode, Tiruppur, Coimbatore, ' .about four lakh bales of cotton are utilised in a year by Bhavani, Chennimalai and other places the dye worh the mUla. are well established. In Erode and Tiruppur, factories .for cotton fabric printing are functioning. More that The first textile mill in India was established in 1817 2,000 persons are employed in these induatries. in Calcutta. The first mill in the South was started in 1829 at Pondicherry. In Madras State, the first mill, Manufacture of Cotton TextUe Machinery. -With the the Coirnbatore Spinning and Weaving, Ltd., was establishment of a. number of textile mills, the setting €stablished in 1888 at Coimbatore by an Englishman. up of manufacturing centres of tools and nachinery for Mr. Stanes. Twenty years after the establishment of the industry became an imperative necessity. Textooi this mill, in 1907', the Kaliswarar Mill came up in Co., Ltd., at Ganapathy neaf Coimbafnre Oity is a ·Coimbatore at the initiative of an enterprising i~dividu91 pioneer in this field. Established in 1944, this concam Mr. Devakottai Somasundaram Chettiaf. In 1910: bas made steady progress in the manufacture of tools I~akshmi Mill started functioning; in 1922 and 1923, and engines. To meet th~ shortage of pig iron. it began the'maJlufacture of pig iron. from the mineral resourees the textile industry. Viscose rayon is based on the raw -of ;the, :adj.oining Nilgiri hills. Tenool Co., Ltd. can ,material cellulose d.erived from wood pulp or, cotton-, produce in a year 15,000 tons of pig iron :tnd 1,800 tons linters. This pulp is being produced in the Scandinavian of alloy ,steel from its factory at· Ooimbatore. It manu countries, the U.S.A., Canada and Japan which grow fa.ctures hlternru cumbustion engines in its workshop at a number of trees. with long 'fibre and cellulose. The Papanlickenpalayam. The licensed capacity for this is rayon factories in our country have been depending en 600 p(!)'- .anniIm.. The following statement will give an imported. pulp. On account . of the acute £~rfligri, idea' of: the different articles produced by Textool Co., exchange difficultiefl and to avoid dependenoe on foreign Ltd. ~d the licensed capacity of this concern, imports of raw material, the Government of India. have licensed existing rayon iactories and others to start production of high grade rayon pulp in our country. The Llce!,ed . lroduet CaPIICUJ South India Viscose Limited, who have been granted licence for the production of 60 tons of wOOd pulp re!" (%) (3) day or an annual production of 20 to 25 thousand tons 1 DieSflI engine. (5 H.P, 4: atl'oke 600 Nos. per aUnlIIll. , and • 5{7 H.P. 2 etiroke will use as raw materials the eucalyptus (bluegum) trees· ,:v.eriioal), . Ilnd wattle which grow abundantly in Nilgiri and Kodai· J 'Riug ,pinning frames 900 .. kanal. The availability of wattle is estimated at 20,000 3 Fly f:ft\inea, 96 ,t 4,. Dr&wiDg frames 96 tons a year. This quantity which will be available' 5 Carding engillel 900 •• from 1904 is considered to be sufficient to meet t0f3 G Reeling frames 1,200 .. requirements of a wood pulp plant proposed to be sen 7 Bundling PraM 96 ,. up by the South India Viscose Limited. The factory is· 24 lines per 1WnWD. a Blpw ~oom scheduled to commence production by the middle Df 9 Ro,ary Tr.v~rse Dr.xn 30 Nos. per annUlI. winders. 1964. The South India Viscose Limited, has been given 30 10 Dlum Double winders .• .. continued research facilities in the laboratories of Sin", Viscose in Italy. The 'Ramakrishna Industrial (Private) Limited, Peels Manufa.cture of ·Cement.-The first cement factory in: medu, also produce some of the accessories of the textile Madras State was established in MadukarSi. ne!J,r indu&try. Apart, from these two major establishments, Ooimbatore City in 1934. The existing annual capacity there :are i~ minor concerns engaged in the production of this factory is 2·8 lakh tons and it employs 2,000. of to~ls o.l cotto:!).· mills. They employ in all 4,000 persons. The cement industry has played an important person~1 role in our various development program1,lles including the construction of river vaHey projects and irrigation Hosiel1. Goods Manufacture.-In this district, the canals as well as industrial and housing programmes. manufacture of banians has grown up ink> a.n. important In Madukkarai and a. few other places close by, small, industry', In' and around Tiruppur nearly 150 factories factories have been established to produce cement pipes are engaged in the production of banians and und.er ~nd other cement articles. wears. The capital is nearly 25 lakhs. Three thousand persons :a.re provided jobs by th~ hosiery goods manu Sugar Mms.-The Amaravathi Co-operative S~gar factmiJlg establishments. The bania-ns are popular in Mills Limited, was established in Agrabarakannadi. different parts of the country. The South India. Textile puthur in Udumalpet taluk. The Government have ResearGh Association (SITRA) which began functioning invested Rs. 20 lakhs towards capital, the total &hare in 1955 at Ooimba~re is intended to promote the textile capital being Rs. 40·18 lakhs. The mills can crush, industry ~n scientific lines. 900 rons of sugarcane and produce 80 tons of sugar per day. The local availability o£ sugarcane is one of the Rayon IndUSay.-The advance of sci~nce pnd factors which decided the setting up of the mills here. technology has made it possible to supplement natural fibre r~ources ~th arWficial fibres for our clothing Rice MUling Industry.-By virtue of its strategic posi.· needs ,an Light Engineering Industries.-A number of foundries Printing and Allied Indostries.-In the district, 00 ,and workshops are found in and around Ooimbatore City establishments are attending to printing, binding ®d allied, work. One thousand persons are employed hy llroducing a variety of machines and tools needed by various industries and agriculture. Three workshops ill these vnits., With the. increase in printing work, the ·the' district . producing lathes, drilling machines and ~em~nd for p~nting ,machinery has increased.' A bench grinders employ 300 persons. In the manufacture beginning has. been made in this district to m&nlffat3tul'~, of centrifugal pumps and their accessori.es, more t.ban printing I?achines. A private industry in P®lamedll 20 foundries are. engaged. On an averagtl, 3,500 pumps has the capacity to produce in a year t~o stereo-ro~zy are produced in a year. One establishment alone manu priuting machines, two type casting ::nachinesi six treadles and six cylinder machines. factures 2,500 pumpsets~ The' production d pumps in this district lorms 20 per. cent or the output of the Asbesios Products Manufacture.-About five miles from ,country. This provides work for 1,300 labourers. Coimbatore, a factory to produce Asbestos products ha, been established. It was started in 1953. About 1,000 The manufacture of electric motors has progressed persons are engaged in the industry. rapidly in recent years. In 1956 only four establish ments were engaged in it. In 19tH, 22 establishment\;, Production of Buttons. -Coimbatore is a big manufac big and small, were engaged. Electric motors generally turing centre for buttons. Over 40 per cent or Ind:a'i produced have horse powers ranging from 2 to 10, requirements of buttons is produced here. A prlva'be About 1,800 electric motors are manufactured :V.lr factory in Peelamedu can produce I-It million plastic month. With the growth of pumps.et and electric buttons in a year. Another factory in Mettupalayam motor manufacturing industries,. the production of Road, Coimbatore, can produce 20,BOO gross Or 60 tons switchgear also attained importance. Five factories are of plastic buttons and 46,800 gross nylon buttons per engaged in the production of switchgears. About 500 annum. starters and 3,000 switches are manufactured in a month. Cinchona Faetory.-A cinchona factory run by t.he The other tools and machinery produced by the Government is functioning in Ooimbatore district since foundries and workshops in the district are general C3Bt 1955. It was started at a cost of Rs. 30 lakhs. iron machinery spare parts, steel structurals, welding. generators, 'D.C. dynamo for electroplating, power Oil Mills. -There are nearly 100 oil mills spread over The mills are mostly in Erode, Pollachi, Annur l\Ud Brass Vessels. In and around Anuppufpalayam near' Coimbatore. Edible oil is sold locally and exported to Tiruppur, the production of brass vessels has been other districts and even to distant places like Bombay thriving as an important industry for a number of yeari .. and Delhi. In Gopichettipalayam brass sheets and circles are pro-· duced by a metal factory at the rate of 322 tons per Tannertes.-Forty tanneries are found in the district, annum. There is another faomry at Erode produeing mostly in Erode, Coimbatore and Dharapuram talukl3. 25 tons of brass products in a year. Tiruppur bras:') The tanneries handle in a. year the hides of a lakh of vessels afe products of marvel in bany a household in whi~ cattle, a lakh of buffaloes and nine lllkhs of sheep the country. and goats. ~s a major portion of tanned leather is exported to' foreign countries, considerable foreign Rubber and Plastic Products.-A :private rubber factory exchange is earned. In one of the tanngries, modern in Coimbatore is producing tennis balls at the rate of machinery has been installed. 110 gross per month. The unit is making battery C.)l1- Manufacture of FertiUsers-To meet ilie demand of - tainers of all types made of hard rubbers. An establish. agriculture; many small manufacturing centres of ment at Palladam is producing 600 tons of reclaimed chemical fertilisers have been established. About ten rubber ill a year. such units are found in Coimbatore, Mettupalayam, Timber Sawing Works.-In Pollachi, a major workshop' Udumalpet and Pollachi. equipped with up-to-date machinery is engaged in timber Plantation Industry.-Coimbatore stands seoond in the sawing and alli~d work. This unit enables s;rnaU indul) State iu the area under tea plantation. In t·his distl'!cu tria1ists to get work relating to timber sawing done at it i~ grown on 25,350 acres, i.e., 34'7 per cent 01 the the workshop at reasonable cost. There are also a few total area under tea in the State. The size (,f plantations saw mills in Coimbatore and Mettupalayam. in the State is in general smaller than in Assam ao.cl West Bengal. The plantations in Coimba£ore district Card clothing. -A local private concern has in. colla· are, however, bigger than those in the Nilgiris. The yield boration with a Swiss firm estl1blished a factory in per sere in Coimbatore compares favourably with that Coimhatore to manufacture card clotning. The licensed' in Assam. This district produces 45 per cent of the capacity of this establishment is 1,200 sets per annum. total production in the State.' In contrast with Nilgiri, An industry of this kind exists only in Pimpri (Malia. fashtra) in India. Coimbatore with less acreage yields more. Natura.lly the ~& industry iB an important one iA this district. Tea Radio Sets.-A factory in Coimatore has been. manu manufa.cturing centres are found predominently ill facturing radiq sets in collaboratioJ1~ .with a German Valparai in Pollachi taluk. As regards coffee, the acre3ge factory. The radio sets are oalled Gru~ti~ sets. About: in Coimbatore district is 3,267, i.e., 5·9 per cent of the one-third of the components 9f radio sets is manufac" total area under coffee in Madras State. This district tured here and the remaining is imported from a.broad .. produces about 11 to 12 per cent of the total output About 60 persons are engaged in this industry. of coffee.in the State. The major coffee works and curing centres are found in Coimbatore and Mettupalayam. In Razor Blades. -A factory equipped with .modern. the coffee and· tea plantations hundreds of labourers 81'1) machinery is engaged in the production of razor blades. employed. This industry was established by a leading industrialist of the district at Coimbatore in 1959 and has the capacity . SmaU Indusk1es.~As a small industry, soap manu to produce 240 lakh blades per "unum. About 2() facturing is making good progress ill Coimbatore. In this district there are 20 soap manufacturing units. The persons are engaged in this. value of the products is estimated at Rs. 15 lakhs per Glucose and Dextrose production.- A manufacturing annum. Sodium silicate is a necessary raw material for private concern in Kurichikot~ai village near Amaravathi _this industry. An establishment has been engaged in (Udumalpet taluk) produces liquid glucose snel. dextr')se producing 500 tons of sodium silicate per annum. at the ra.te of 5 tons pel' day. It also manufactures Glass Factory.-A factory producing glass is function dextrose powder and starch. ing at Mettupalayam. One hundred and fifty persons Surgical Absorbent Cotton Manufaeture.-An t'sta~ are employed ill tha~ factory. blishment to produce cotton utilised in surgical work Oarbon Ink Faetory.-An establishment near Coimba· was started in 1981. It can produce daily 500 kgs. of tore is engaged in the manufacture of carbon sheets, and surgical cotton. In the South, such an induStry ii, typewriter ribbons. found only in Rajapalayam. 49 Siraw Board· production.- A fa.ctory at Bhaianisagar in Coimbarore district has begun producing quality goods. is engaged in, the production of stra.w poardi;which is Somanur is an important centre lor match industry and used for domestic and industrial purposes. The pro. tobacco curing is done in Palladam, Kangayam, Koduvoi duction capacity of the factory is 3,000 tons per annum. I and VarapattL Th~ foregoing analysis will show thau there is ltn alrolfnd industrial development in Coimbatore Chemical Industries.-Apart from the' fertiliser and it has forged a.head of other districts in the State. factories, centres are found for production of paints, The revolution which is taking place in the distriet will varnish and .chemicals. Paints and varnish produced b, ultimately place it prominently in the industrial map of two factO~ies in Coimbatore are sold in various parts India. of the diBkic~. Trade.- In spite of the fact that Coimbatore is highl! Manufact\l.l'6 of pins.-A hctory to manufacture pins industrialized, agricultural commodities playa significant was started 'in )957 with imported machinery. The raw role in the list of commodities traded in. Important material is also imported. This can produce 90 tons commodities are cotton, grains and pulses, spices, sugar a year. and other provisions, oil and oil· seeds. Of the major Industrial. Estates.- The lat·est development in Coimba items of export [lrB rice, cotton textile, raw cotton and tore is the looation of a large-sized private industrial provisions while items of import are oil-seeds, oil, coal, estate near Coimbatore at a cost of Re. 1 crore. It is coke, cereals and pulses. Prior to the World War of being established on the Ooimbatore-Pollachi road. During 1939-45, no restriction was placed on the movement of the Second :Plan period, an industrial colony was started commodities within the district. But due to the war by the Government in Erode. Full facilities are afforded e.nd consequent acute scarcity· control of various kinds to small industrialists under the scheme. A nominal rent bad to be imposed on several essential commodities. For is collected for the space provided. There are seven a while, rationed distribution and procurement were even units in this industrial colony. The sma.ll industrialists tried, but discontinued only to be re-introduced owing bltnefited by the scheme are producing iron boxes, racks, to the abnormal rise in prices. These war measures almirahs, cots and huller screens. Under pilot schemes, were, however, discontinued in June 19~2. Apart from a number of industries have been started in the various the short-lived control i~ trade in most essential com. parts of the district. Mention ma.y be made of soap modities like rice, sugar, kerosene, etc., interna.l t~ade in industry and· bolt-s, nuts and screws production centre at goods was never restricted. Considerable volume of com Shenbagapudur, tools and implements manufacturing modities are transported by lorries and other conveyanceB industry and bolts, nuts and screws production centre at on road both within the district a.nd outside. No statistics Erode. are available regarding the commodities moved by road. I However, statistics of cotnmodities transported by rail. Osher Industries.- Though Coimbatore district, has ways will show the general trend of trade in the district. advanced in industries, handloom and, khadi industries, From the year 1954-55 onwards, the outward movemenb and other cottage industries continue to ftourish. The of commodities by rail amounted to over 4,807,356 maunds other important cottage industries are ornaments making, of which the chief items were cereals and pulses (799,960 wooden toys making, gur manufacture and oil extraction maunds), manufactured cotton (551,811 maunds). The using indigenous chekkus .. Many persona are engaged inwBrd goods traffic amounted to 17,309,115 ma-unda in carpentry and smithy works. These arnsan~ produce of which the major items were cereals, pulses, oils, raw with great dexterity various articles. A printing pren cotton, coal, coke, sugar, etc. The posit50n regarding of the Government or India will be started in & 130 Bere three important items of trade, both export and import site near Coimbatore. The photo and .cine film faet'lry is given below:- Year 1'''-i5 Description of ~rade OeruJI and p.llcs ProTiston R'YtoUOll Tot.&l (1) (2) (3) (.) (5) 5,GS,,$53 Inward .. 381,800 768,446 17,309,1I5 799,980 Outward 486,022 192.180 4,807,356 Net - 4,884,87S + 53,222 576,257 - 12,501,750 The trade and commerce are further encouraged by the pla.ces where weekly liihandies are held in different taluks weekly shandies held at various plaees in· 'he didriet. of the di!3~rici will be found in th& 8ec~on on Fe.irs and Their eRect on internal trade is significant though their Fea~va1s1l influence on external trade cannot be ignored. A list of 0-7 CHAPTER IX· HANDLOOMS The District.- Except pure silk all other varieties of Devangae and Sengunthars. The sample survey covering fabries are produced on handlooms in Coimbatore district. 4,348 persons discloses that 3,901 persons or gO per cent It is also :famous for the carpets which are produced in belong to thos~ two castes. The following :figures give the Bhavani area. Tiruppuf, a municipal town in the details of the number of persons belonging to each of the district which is an important cotton marketing centre, is castes as disclosed in the survey:- also the centre of khadi activities of the st!l.~ Khadi !l.Q4 PerSODS Peroenl4ge Village Industries Boa.rd and of the Tamilnad Sarvodaya. Traditwnal Weaving OaaU8- Bengunthars Sangh. Of all the districts, the khadi spirit is most 1,853 ])evsngas _. 2,048 pronounced in Coimbatore. The Coimbato::e breed of Sa.liars· . ·If. sheep yields superior grey wool. Of the 133 textile mills S.lll'88htras •• -.... in the Madras State 79 mills which supply yarn to haud· OIlier Oommllnitiu looms, ~he only rayon plant of this State, the three Muslims and Lubbais .. 15 Goundars 1 weavers' co-operatives to which powerlooms have bem 212 I supplied as an e~perimental measure and the Yarn and Nada.ra 18 ~ Cloth Processing Centre of the Madras State Handloom Pandarams " ;ija~ijans Weavers' Co-operatl've Society are in this district. The '; J Miscellaneous (Chriatiana, Barbe1'8t 160 fact that 90 per cent of weavers belong to the tradi Fishermen, etc.) tional wea.vers' castes would indicate that handweavlllg 4,348 100'0 is being carried on from ancient times. Barbers have taken up handweaYing only in this Number of Handlooms.- to According the handloom district and in the adjacent district of Salem. The census of 1921, there were 7,714 handlooms in Coim· average number of looms per household being foUl', the then been a batore district. Since there has progressive total number of households having looms may be increase in the number of looms as shown below:- estimated at 24,381. lIandlooD1ll 1931 (Census Report) 11,89g Production of Handloom Fabries.- The chief "a.r:ieties 1941 (Estimate of Fact.rinding Committee). 23,415 of cotton fabrics produced are sarees (mainly 10os) 1147 (Estimate or Sri B. V. Naidu) 4".173 dhothies in 20 counts, bed-sheets and ca~pets. The 1951 (As f'umisbed by the Direotor of 49,309 producers of sarees are fa.miliar with the use of dobbies. Ind~ and Commerce). 1954 (Estimate oHru, :Director of Statisti08). 60,836 Piping (Le., ribbon) border sarees and check pattern 1955 (Estimate by th" Madras University) .. 3g,959 varieties of Coimbatore are popular. Art-silk ya.rn is used 1961 (Number of looml Registered) •• 74.,121 for border and for heading in sarees by most of the 1961 (Estimate on the basis of samplE! 97,1126 producers. Whenever finer counts of imported rayon survey). yarn are available, the weavers in Coimbatore area pro The above estimate of looms in 1961 includes khadi and duce mixed labrics with such imported art-silk yarn 311d half-art-silk looms, but excludes pure art-silk looms which cotton yarn. The :width of Coimbatore Barees is 47 incbee are about 5,000. Thus the total number of looms in the against 48 inches in Salem and 50 inches in Tiruehira district is 102,526 which is 14 per cent of the looms in palIi district. T!Ie construction and cost of production the'State. The density of looms in the C'istrict (Le., of 100 S9.rees produced in three centres are given belo~ number of looms per square mile) is 17 against the Stahe (as in 1981):- average of 14·5. Coat of__. produotion 'It ... .d d' ~ °0 t) 1 Except for 1,717 throw shuttle looms and 5,MB frame Name otth. .E! .. Ct1lire ~i .. :; looms including pedal looms, the remaining 95,203 looms 1 >OR .,& $ ,8- ....= ! ~ a.~e. flyshuttle looms. ~e numher of looms in th~ 91 i~ 'C .~ IZt tljQ ~ ~ ~~ co-operative fold is 26,481. "" ~ :a.1. RP. M.lIP. Cotton Handweaving 'Industry (exc]uding Khadi) 1. Tiruppur .,. 88 80 4:7' 1'96 NO 2. SOInanur S6 68 l'ommunUies engaged. in weaving.- The bulk of the .. 47' "02 1'65 3. Setrinaicken· '0 8S 4:7" 2'OS weavers belong to the tr&ditional commuwties o£ palI,_. 1'~8 51 The above figures are for plain varieties,' Where A special variety known as silk carpets with 2/1~8 dobbies are used for designs and for chepk pa'tterns for folded yarn for warp and 150D art,silk yarn for weft is which additional wages are paid, the CO'5t of production produced on about 250 looms. This carpet is used for will be proportionately higher. marriage and special occasions. Th~ selling rates are about 20 to 30 per cent over the The carpets are exported to places all over India. cost of production. The total estimated production of 0Otton fabrics Dhothies o:f 20s count are produced in Erode a.rea. (inclLlding mixed fabrics) in the district is 85·98 million The cost Of production is Re. 0'97 per yard for a dhothy ya,rda ss shown below (1960-61) with the :following specifications:- . O'~ Width-50 inches. 0 0 "'8~ ~ '1;1"'" Number, of ends per inch-48. :;0 ~ ~ ~a" VlU'je~1 f~ ~~k .s '"-- Number of\. picks per inch-48. OJ.)., -,; .. 0 ~'Oi=: The weaving wages per yard ranges from Re. 0·10 to With reference to the above data the Qet incOllJe of • member of. co·operative having Be. 0'16. The production of cloth on powerlooms in Q powerloom will be Ii follows :- 1960-61 is 8S follows:- Net income ... , per day of ...... -= ...... o~ 2t shifts !l ~ Aver&ge production ~. Q, :per loom (iJ. ya1l1e) RS. NP. ~... ,.. Name Of the - "'I>... "'9 - .... Saeitt,. p~! annum F" (i) If no coolies are employed 11 62 ~." ~ ... o -=0,.."0 mouth ~-e:. lz!;" (ii} When coolie. are BDlployed for It shifts 9 75 as is the usual practice. l. The Peeltml8du 11,19,712 50 22,394 1,866 Weavers' Co· !iii) When coolies are amploJed for all ~ 8 60 operative society. shifts. 2. The ~oms.nm 8.30,1l8 34,588 2,882 Weavers' Co- t opel'&tiTe lOoiety. If a member of a co-operative society operates a power 3. The Tiruppur 1,11,802 5 23,360 1947 loom himself for one shift for 25 days in a month his We8vers' Co- operative society. net income per annum will be Re. 1,395 (4:65 x 25 x 12) while Umt of a, handloom weaver is Rs. 464. Tile The average net.income per loom per month is Bs. 137 former's income is 300 per cent of the latter. in the Tiruppur Society, Rs. 177 in the Somanur Society, Rs. 204 in the Peelamedu Society. The following sta¥l The Yarn and Cloth Processing Centre.- With the ment e:mibits the gross income, e:xpenditure and net assistance received from the cess fund, the Madras State income per loom:- Handloom Weavers' Co-oper~tive Society has, started a calendering and finishing plant at Erode, where there ....:':11 . co,o:: 11>': =~ ::::3--; 00 are adequate water facilities. This is known as the Yarn ::l~1I 11-.... .S e ..... 1Il- ;: and Cloth Processing Centre. Large quantities of ~ ~. ..,Pi Name of the ~ ..., 0 coa ::l p.~ Po grey varieties of handloom cloth are produced by the sooiety .... 1Il .:nrS :1.2 co-operatives in and around Erode and iii was expected ~ III III al ...... "d) Pi.! ~ "'A that substantial quantities of the cloth would be sent ~ .,otl ~ to t"he plant for processing. The capital cost of the plant (II) (4) B.S. NF. Wages paid by the society for Q piece of 40 6 40 The equipment consist·s of a bleaching unit, a five bowl 181'(18 &~ Re. 0'1. por ya.rd (Poolamedu finishing calendar, a felt calendar, a boiler, 40 feet stenter Bocietr'. ratea). pressure, folding machine, stamping machine, etc. 1:'be LU8- five bowl calendar is intended to process coarse and (i) Pirn winding charges at Re, 0 83 medium cloth and the felt calendar for fine and super per 0--06 knot. fine cloth. The capacity of the felt and five bowl (ii) El&cirio ourrent cha.rges a~ RI). 0 42 0'12 for 3i unitl for 40 yards. calendar is one ton each equivalent to 8,000 yards in 20s count, 10,000 yards in 4.0B count and 16,000 yards in 60s (iii) Depreciation, replacements • • 0 50 and 80s. The average d"ny capacity of the Plant for 1 75 one shift is 20,000 yards (i.e., 10,000 yards for bowl ealendar and 10,000 yards for felt calendar). The annua.l Net income for one shift of 8 hour!! • . . . 4 .5 capacity is 60 lakh'3 of yards if the Plant works for. ono If a "00011 ,ill 6J1lplo;-ed the net income is 3'40 (Bt. ,('15 mmua 1'25). shift. IS , The bleaching unit's capacity is 600 lbs. of yarn /or 3. Seerinaiokenpalayam. 1,80,000 lbs. per ann~m for a eight-hour shift. ; A Dye 4. Ondiputhur. factory was later on added .as an adjunct to the centre 5. Tiruppur .. at a cost of Rs. 45,268 of which a sum of :Rs. 38,875 wall 6. Alangombu. subsidy. rr}le capacity of the dye fa.ctory is 60 ba~es 7. KanakampalayalD .. per month or 720 bales per annum of yarn and 18 iakhs of yards of cloth per annum. Dhothies and other utility varieties. The progress ql the planb which wen~ inle production 1. Thingalore. on 10th September 1956 is given belo ... :- 2. Erode. 3. KangaJ' am. Procu8ing of tnt ®I"'" tear Yard&iB of 010 ~h 4. Gopichettipslaysm. proctlllld 5. Chithode. • (1)' (2) :L.UU 6. Siv.agiri. 1957-58 22'~2 7. Kavandapadi. 1958-59 31'57 8. N. Uthukuli. 1959-60 45'14 9. Chennimalai (bed-sheete). J9-2i 1960-61 '" .. •• - 10. Bhavani (carpets)_ lSlwching oj yam- QUa.Dlltl of yarn Year bl ...elled Khadi.-The State Khadi and Village Industriea (1) (2) Board and the Tamilnad Sarvodaya, 8angh are the two LBi. institutions which are engaged in the production of khadi •• :l!7,SI0 1958-59 •• throughout the State. The headquarters of the Tamilnad 1959-60 95,540 Sarvodaya Saugh is in Tiruppur. As for the State Board, 1960-61 . • 100,7!() the Central godown, the dyeing and bleaching pla.nt and D,eing oj'yarn aM doth- 1959-&0 1960-61 the office of the Assistant Director of Khadi !IDd the Yarn •• 72,55,S lbs. 7B,995Ibs. Cotton Specialist are located in Tiruppur. Out of the· Cloth •• 86,2158 yda. 715,272 yda. 7,931 khadi looms in the State under the two instituhlors more than fiO per cent, namely, 4,302 are in the district Though primarily intended for the co-opera.tive seemr, as shown below:- merchants are patronising the plant to a greater extent Total khldi Number of than the co-operative as shown below:- looma khadi 100... ill tho OoImbaton .A._Iltrage quantity of clolh jJl0NIIHG 'PM m''''ftll- diitrlct Good. oflhe )[ereha.nl's Prim&r), (1) (2) (3) Year aWe 1001'.1 looa sooietieJ' goOlU Tamilnad &rvodaya, Sangh .• 4,613 2,919 (1) (2) (3) (4:) State Khadi and Village Industries (yards.) (yards.) (yards.) • Board •. 3,318 1,383 1960-61 1,59,831 68,~62 20,304: 1961-62 2,00,634 1,06,555 41,!20 Total .. 7,931 4,302 (9 months). The following are the important centres of produetion From the number of spinners and yarn production of cotton bandloom cloth: - furnished by the State Board and the Tamilnad SarTO- Barees. daya 8angh respectively, it is seen that of all the 1. Coimbatore .. districts khadi production is the highe'31 in this distri~t. 2. Savukkattupalay&m. The following figures speak for themselves:- 1980-&1 19n42 ~ .Ambar !radlUonal 'l'oW Ambar TzadffionJ-- TotrJ s~lnnerI .plb..lI, 1I,lnners Iphm.tn epmun5 lPimlcrI (1) (2) (3) (t) (5) (6) ltadras State .. .. 20,266 282,312 302,648 18,na 83,344: 102,116 Coim batore Tamilnad SarvoJaya Sangh (Han,d..,pun yarn production). Wool.- The best sheep in the Madras Sta.te is tb~ Coimbatore breed. It yields grey wool which has a staple. 1961-l21&khs___.._ of b_nkl j ~ length of 4 inches to 5 inches. The Kurubas in the dis - On On T:radltion.! Amber 'fo\&1 trict are engaged in the production of cumblies as a, oo.rku chark&.q part·time oc,cupation. Clipped wool, of live animals is (3) (4) (1) (2) spun into yarn and used for both warp and weft. TM61 produet.ion of hand.spun 'According to the livestock census of 1961, there were yarn in the State 16'30 14'91 31'21 869,447 sheep in the district; on the basis of 10 ounces Yam production ia CoiInbatora dilirict ., ., .. 9'50 13'50 23'00 per animal the wool yield may be estime.t~d at 5i lakhs, PeroeDtage of Coimbat"re dis- of Ibs. triot $0 the State 58'3 90'6 7S'7 The Rumbas use the primitive type of loom which bas While the production of khadi by all the units of the neither permanent fixtures nor heavy frames. It is set Ta.milnad Sarvodaya 8a.ngh in 1961-62 was Rs, 10·48 up whenever required, and the cost of loom's parts is minions, the vs.l.ue of khadi manufactured in Coimbatore than Bs. 20. The loom consists of a carpet rolier, to' district was REl. 9.3C1 millions or 88.7 per cent. which one end of the _warp is attached to a peg driven into the ground with a strong rope. The shedding is seeured by a plank which is also used for beating the Alter the invention of the Ambar charka, measures picks while tbe shuttle is 3 hollow bamboo tube into have been instituted from 1955-56 onwards to popularise whi{l~ the weft yarn is inserted. it. Of the 42,638 Ambar charkas distributed all over the State up to 1st April 19B1, 12,939 or 30 per cent have been distributed in Coimbatore district. The average Clipping of wool is done once a year by' men while all annual per oapita production o£ yarn on Ambar charkas other operations such as ginning, carding, spinning snd in Coimbatore is 1,736 hanks against the State 9.verage of weaving are attended to oy women. Raw wool is ginned 729 hanks. by hand-process and carded with a t&kli of about 20 inches in length. As short warps of 3 yards IQnJy are pre'{J8red, A beginning has been made to form co-operatives for the peg warping method is in vogue. The warp is si2ed spinners and wea:vers in the district. A society ragis· with t&m!)rind seed powder mixea with rice kanji and tered on 1st December 1961 at Vanjipale.yam, a tradi after the warp gets dry, cumblies are woven on the tional Khadi centre, started functioning from. 27th Aptil primitive loom. 1962 with 414 kiean and 100 ambsr spinners, 26 weavers and 43 looms. Its jurisdiction extends to nine villages. With a view to popularise the improved methodE! of Up to 31st December 1962 it produced 27,036 yards of spinning and weaving woollen bbrics, the State Khadi cloth valued it Re. 91,671. The average monthly income and ViUage Industries Board has sanctioned the opening of a spinner is Rs. 4·37 while the income per 100m is of 14 cumbly weaving and drugget weaving training Rs. 30. This society consists of spinners and weavers centres in the State of which three are in Coimbatore dis~ working under the State Board. trict. The Secretary, Village Industries Wing of the Another society for the artisans of the Tamilnad State Khadi and Village Industries Board, has stated that Sarvodays 8angh has been started at Kodingium. cc the units are initially sanctioned to impart training to the villgge artisans in the improved methods of cumbly An-sUk Handloom Industry.-About 15,000 pure wea.ving. Normally about 20 catldidates will be given and half art silk looms are working in Coimbatore, Thop. training in a year. The period of training is ail: monilis. pampalayam (Bhavanisagar), Andiyur, Bhavaui and They are given 8 stipend of BEl, 25 each 'tJer month ". Kangayam areas. Both Sengunthars and Devangas have After the training programme is over the units will either taken to the production of art silk fabrics. The main be converted as production centres or be formed into co· Tariety produced is sarees. Rayon yarn of deniers 55 to operatives. These three centres are: (1) Kalangal, 100 and cotton yarn of counts 40s and above according (2) Pappampatti, and (3) Thalavadi. In the Kalangal to the qus.lity available in the market are used in the centre which was selected for special study only four manufacture of SMees. On. the basis of the average pro~ looms have so far been installed and there are 10 trainees duetion per loom oollected in the sample survey the total who are all Rurubas. If they take to improved m:~hoda production of pure and mixed art silk fabrics ma.y be of weaving they ca.n increas'e' their oUbput wpich will giva estimated at 16,7 millions yards per a.nnum. them a higher income. ,. Silk-The Sericultural Workers' Co-operative SQcleiy The production of raw silk since its inception is 8S .L1m1tedi Tbalavady.- A co-operative society for the pro follow8:~ duction of cottage basin silk was started o~ 21st Feb ruary 1959 in the Thalavady village in the Gopichetti Year Production (1) (2) palayam j taluk of Coimbatore district with the fol~owing ·objects ;..:..... LB. oz. '<)'11 (1) Purchase of cocoons produced in the locality 1959-~ 191$8-61 740'08 (2) Reeling of cocoons as cottage basin raw silk. 1961-62 900'OO (3) Marketing of raw silk so produced. 1962-63 (up to December 191$2) •• 8GS'OO Of the 500 cocoon producers in the area, 364 are mem bers of the society. Its affairs are managed by a nomi· The above quantities were disposed of thr9ugh tile nated Board, and the services of the following officera Silk Marketing Co-operative Society at Bangalore, mer· have been lent free of cost to it for the first three years. chants, silk co-operatives and the Government Khadi Department at rates varying from REI. 31·75 Re. B7 (1) One SericultureJ. Expert tp act as Secretary. to per lb. (2) One Co.Qpera.ta.ve Sub-Registrar to act as Assis tant Secretary. The target of produation of raw silk by the society is (3) Two Silk Reeling Demonstrators. 10,000 Ibs. per annum_ CHAPTER X LOCAL ADMINISTRATION AID ELECTIONS The first local Lody was introduced by the enactment· not £ar short of 150 square miles and the average popu.· of Local Fund Act of 1871. It provided for the forma lation will be approximately 75,000. 'In the rustriett tion of a Local Fund Board for each district or part of Village Panchayats have been grouped into 41 Paneha a district. The Madras Local Board Act, 1884, further yat Unions. These Panchayat Unions or Panchayat revolutionised the progress of local administration in the Development Blocks in various taluks provide amenities State. The Government of Inids Act of 1919, entrusted to the local population. The amenrnes given are educa the work of promoting the Local Self-Government t.:J the tion, medical aid and drinking water. In the district, State Government. The Local Fund Board Act of 1920 tb.ere are 2,291 educational institutions of which 2,042 are was further re-named 3S the Madras District Board Act. . Primary schools Bnd 89 Secondary, while the rest are othel' institutions imparting other types of educa.tion to Panchayat Act of 1958 was brought into force from the local population. 344 medical institutions of various 2nd October 1961. The entire territory of the State with categories are also found. 12,161 wells including the exception of the City of Madras, Municipal t{lwns, tube wells are maintained by the Panchayats. The Cantonments and township areas was divided into 12,540 follOWIng statement will show the details of such facili Panchayats grouped into 375 Panchayat Unions :)r P.:IU ties available in various Panchayat Unions areas in the chayat Development Blocks. Though th~se blocks will district :- vary in size and population, the average block will be Serial ll!1lllbll' and name of PrimaIT !tOond~ O.b81' lfedlcAI Wells and Panch&r.' IIIllon Icllo()l. school, eduu.'ioll&l Institution. tubewel[! inlutu'ioDS (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) • 1 Amms.pet 57 3 7 186 2 Anamalai 47 2 1 10 96 3 Andiyur .. .. 4:4: 1 2 165 4- Annur .. •• 59 2 2 5 24 5 Avanashi 73 I 6 277 6 Bhavani 54, 2 2 14: 765 7 Bh&vanisagar •• 4:0 2 3 8 119 8 Dh&r&puram •• 24: 2 4: 5 183 9 Erode ,. 4:3 S 3 9 1,012 10 Gopiehettiplllsyam. (Ea.st) .• 4,Z 5 I ~ 143 11 Gopichattipalayam (West) •• 21 3 1 9 72 12 Gudimangalam .7 1 4: 129 IS Kangaysm 4:7 1 2 15 205 - 14 Kinathukadavu fli 1 1 4: 4,577 lIS Kodumudi 57 2 2 7 82 16 Kundalam. '18 1 7 234- 17 Lakshminaiek6npaiayaIn 4:5 3 3 9 144 18 Mada.thukulam U 2 4 3 111) 7 19 Madnkkarai . , 00 36 .. 81 20 :Mettupalay&m 87 a G 157 21 Modakurichi •. 61 3 8 14: 222 22 Mulav&!l1l.r •• 73 1 3 8 178 23 Nambiyur •• 83 2 3 8 313: MPalladanl 49 t 7 10 179 S5 Perianaick&npaiayam .. 45 3 1 11 lU, 28 Perundur&i I 57 ~ 12 101f 17 perundurai IT • • • • 4:T' ,0 *1 4 231 lSI Perur • • • • t. • • 25 :; IJ 91} J9 Pollachi 111 9 I 324 54. 9 17: 10 pongalut ... .,. • 11 s.tyamaagalam •• ,. 3t • N.!. 32 SiqIDIllur .,. • • .. "" - 19 t .t 40- ;' 57 I 8edalilumber and name or /Prlmary Secondary Other Medkal Wenaand Panchaya~ uniOtl ' schools ichools education&1 1nstltutioDa tub& wells. ;. institutions (1) (2) (3) (.) {6) (6) 33 Sircarasamaknlaro 31 3 11 98 34 Sulur .. 1 6 64 4, 171 35 Tale.vadi 29 .. 6 I) 04 36 Ttruppnr 61 2 4 199 37 Tondamuthur .. 42 3 2 69 .38 Udumalpet 56 1 1 10 252 39 Uthukuli 57 2 2 7 315 40 Valparai 5~ 1 7 47 6& 41 Vellakoil 57 1 9 199 Total of all Panchayat blocks .. 2,042 89 160 344 12,161 , Night Sehool Source: Rural DeveIopm.n~ ud Local Admini$tration Department, Government of Madr&B. Elections.-In any democracy, the resuit of an election is In Coimbatore district, all the candidates returned of general int-erest. During the last General Elections belonged to the Congress Party except for one. Analy~ in Madras State, candidates chosen by the Congress ,tical Statistics of the results of the Gentral Elections in Party have been returned to the State Assembly from 1957 and 1962 are appended. They show the rotal num 189 seats. The corresponding figures for the other ber of votes of the district, the number of valid votes, Parties are:- the number of votes rejected and the number of votes Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 50 secured by each party. A study of the Ste.tements will Forward Bloc 3 Swatantra. 6 give a precise indication of the swipg of public opinion Communism .. , 2 in the district. Socialism 1 Independents .. ' 5 STATEMENT 1 Statement showing tht ruulte of the General Ekction, 1962 (Madras LegislatiT6 Assembly) Number ]{umber Number Number NllDe of votes SerIal DlIm~r aDd name (It or or of of MOUled . eooltl tuenoJ Ileotonte petIOn. 1'alid rejected elected by the 'O~ vote& TOteJ party elfleted part, (1) (2) (8) (4) (6) (I) (7) 1 Bhavani 102,272 70,1 II 66.681 3,430 Congre$S. 32,739 2 Andhiyur (SO) 88,682 43,046 40,233 2,813 Do. 22,533 3 Gopichettipalayam .. .. 90,860 68,849 65,067 3,782 Do. 31,977 4 Nambiyur .. 76,281 52,864 49,937 2,927 Do. 27,795 I) Pel'lJDdurai .. 77,326 64,005 62,016 1,989 Do. 36,225 6 Erode 113,826 86,076 83,056 3,020 Do. 32,895 7 ChennimalAi •• 95,182 72,237 69,622 2,615 Socialist. 35,379 8 Kangayam .. 93,651 68,548 66,615 1,933 Congress. 41,008 9 Dharapuram .. 100,631 68,570 65,870 2,700 Do. 37,84:2 10 Udumalpet .. ., 95,170 74-,240 70,775 3,4:65 Do. 29,529 11 Anamalai 83,269 55,027. 53,134 1,893 Do. 22,474 12 Pollachi 89,033 71,M3 69,298 2,345 Do. 38,929 13 Koilpalayam .. 80,641 57,071 53,624 3,4:47 Do. 2M84: 14 PaUadam 92,464 67,699 64,721 2,978 Do. 33,417 15 Tiruppur 106,491 83,393 80,459 2,934 Do. 41,748 16 Avanashi .. 80,839 53,943 50,940 3,003 Do. 27,009 17 Bular .. 89,754 69.233 66,396 2,837 Do. 25,732 18 Thondamuthur 81,201 64.,196 61,744 2,452 Do. 32,520 19 Coimbatore.I .:. .. 119,949 93,692 91,786 1,906 Do. 38,64.6 20 Coimbatore.II 0 •• 0 .. 109,764 89,127 86,445 2,682 Do. 32,313 21 Mettupalayam 76,i65 56,890 54,149 2,741 Do. 25,398 ------Total 1,94:3,931 1,430,480 1,372,568 57,892 ---- C-8 58 STATEMENT 2 Number of seats and votes secured by various parties tn 196! Ge'MrcU Eltetion and its pe,unlage 10 total valid votee Number of Number of Nwnber of . Pereentag6 percenta~e , Name of part,. seat. valid votel to (I leci!red votes IeCured Column (3) stll.6e (1) (~) (3) «() (5) (6) Congreea •• •• 20 665,188 4:8'4:6 46'14 Socialist...... 1 "'0,864- 2'98 0'38 Dravida Munnetra. K&Zha~am 246,585 l7'97 27'10 Independent . • •• • . 1,372,668 48,958 . 3'42 5'34 Swatantra 64,5lt 4'70 7'82 CoIIlIJl unist 211,909 15'44, 7'72 We Tamil •• 25,39! 1'85 0'93 Praja Socialist Party •• - 71,156 5-18 1'26 STATEMENT 3 StaUnaent showing the result of General Election, 1957 (Madr.u Legislative Assembly) Number Of Berm) number and Il&mt of Number of Num.ber of Number (If Number of Name of votes the constitneney EJootolAtOI ~lM)n. valid leje~ted the elected secnud by voted votes vote. part,. ele~ted party (1) (Z) (3) «() (~) (8) (7) 1 Uduma.lpet 90,360 55,187 54,891 236 Independent. 18,621 *2 Pollaehi 177,4:34 106,736 203,218 8,254 Congrels. 52,07.f1 Do, 4,g,.Oll 3 Koilpalayam ,...... 78,059 4:8,565 48,338 227 Do, 27,199 4: Dhsrapuram .. .. 96,614: 55,814 55,515 299 Do. 26,l64: o Kangayam 97,337 37,468 37,350 lIB Do. 17,952 6 Chennima.lai .. 80,381 4,2,172 42,056 ll6 Independent. 22,289 7 Erode .. 9~,917 51,170 50,997 173 Congress. 19,012 S Perundurai 72,4G9 41,472 41,315 157 Communist, 24,205 $9 Perundurai 1,75,870 76,881 147,573 6,189 Congress. 49,926 . Do. 40,224 10 Gopichettipalayam .. 91,093 ~8t365 48,163 202 Do. 27,889 11 N8ll1biyur .. Uncontested Do. l! Tiruppur 94,395 51,490 51,368 122 Do. 29,519 13 Palladam 90,803 47,019 46,881 138 P. S, P. 27,111 14 Coimbatore·I .. .. 93,297 46,689 46,573 116 Congress. 20,511 • 15 Coimbatore·II •• 183,799 86.767 169,399 4,135 Do • 37,662 Communiat, 38,729 16 Swut .. ,. 79,5()3 41,2(4 41,105 - 139 Congrels. 18,328 17 Ave.na.shi , . 81,634 34,457 34,386 71' Do. 20,716 69,82} 42,091 41.9011 llO Do, 18 Mettupalaytlm --- 2Q,690 . Total 1,748,816 912,515 1,161,037 20,862 -- -- • Double eonsiitu6nciae, 69 STATEMENT 4: -Numbtr oj 8eats ana total '1W/dJ1,er of tlotes 8ecured by varia", parties -in 1~57 General Elections _ (MadraB Leg~slatiw, A88efAbly) Numbai' of Number of Peroenta.ge Pereentar_ Mats IMured votes to total of Serial number and name of the par~Y by each l!ecured valid votes st&ie party (1) (Z) (8) (4) (0) 1 Congress .. 16 558,339 48·09 45·34: 2: Communist 2 166,290 14'32 NO 3 D.M.K. 80,526 6·94 12'80 4: P,S.P. I 126,924 10·93 2·64 IS hldependent 2 -.-228,958 19·72 24068 Total 21 1,161,037 STATEMENT 5 ResuU8 oj General Election 1957 and 1962 (Madras Legislative Assembly) (Comparative position of pa.rties in the State Legislature during 1957 and 19.2.) Total Praia Dravida nUlllber of Congress SooI&llst Socialist MuQIlttra Indepen- C,R.C. Forward Communist Swait.ntra seats Party Xazhagam dent B100 District ~ ~ ~ ,..._..._, ,...... ~ r-~ ...... ,_, ~ ~ ~ t- C'I t- 01 .t- ~ t- ~ t- 01 t- O'l t- 01 t- O! r- C'l .t- 01 14 >Q ~ >Q II:> ., .0 III "I IQ III >Q 0> '"0> 0> a> a> '" 0> <:to co Q ...... '" ...'" ...... ,...... '" '"...... '" ... '"...... '" ...'" ...... '" ...'" '"...... '" '"... 1 Madras .. 10 10 6 6 1 .. 3 4: .. .. 2 Chingleput 13 14: 10 10 1 2 1 1 1 .. 1 3 Nortb Aroot .. 20 20 13 9 4 11 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 4: Sa.lem .. 23 23 19 12 2 9 1 1 1 .. .. 1 5 South Aroot .. 19 19 9 11 2 7 4: . . 4: .. 1 6 ThanjBvur 20 20 18 15 1 .. .. II 1 .. 1 7 Tirnobirapalli .. 20 20 17 10 I _ "9 1 1 1 .. .. " S Ba.manatbo. 14 14: 7 8 1 3 1 .. 3 2 3 purBm 9 Tirunelveli 17 17 12 17 5 ...... 10 Kanyakumari .. 6 6 5 1 2 .. '" 11 Mad1ll'8i .20 20 17 15" 3 2 1 1 .. 1 ...... 12 Coimbatore 21 . 21 16 20 1 .. I 2 -2 .. .. 13 Nilgiri .• 2 2 2 2 ...... •• - Total .. 205 206 151 189 2 .-. 1 1 13 50 22 5 9 3 3 .2 G - - - " "" - C-sJ. CHAPTER XI ACHIEVEMENTS UNDER FIVE·YEAR PLANS Coimbatore has recorded appreciable progress durL'li thanks to the good work done by the National Malaria the First and Second Five·Year Plans. It is alwaya Eradication Programme, the district is free from malaria. difficult to assess precisely the achiev~ments of a parti Plague has also become rare, being confined to Satya~ cular district, because the schemes sponsored on the mangalam and Talavadi areas bordering Mysore State. basis of the State make their contribution to the progress The incidence of cholera and dysentery are more frequent of the district. I have added as an appendix to thiEi in villages lying on the banks of the rivers Cauvery, chapter a statement indicating the physical achievements Bhavani and Amaravathi. With the sinking of mOre of the district to the extent that they can be easily drinking water wells in the villages, the fight against the distinguished from the general schemes for the State as spread of these epidemics is easier, In 1938 a sana a whole. In addition to this, it will be desir~ble to have torium was started at Perundurai. In 1954-55 a mass a bird's eye view of the improvements 0ffected during B.C.G. campaign was conducted in the district which the Plan periods, so that the impact of the Plan on the was q_uite successfuL In 1956 the control of Yaws was growth of the district can be appreciated in the proper taken up and completed successfully in certain endemic perspective. areas in Avanashi taluk. The district is free from lepmsy To meet the growing demand of the cottage industry, and guinea worm. Great improvements were made in a scheme for the development of match·wood plantatian drinking water wells in the villages, during the First was undertaken. During the First Plan period, 100 acres and Second Five-Year Plan periods. The progress is indicated below:- in Andhiyur and Sathy forests were planted with match· Expenditure wood plantations. Nineteen thousand and six hundred Number of Nnmberof on aocount Year 'Works works of plants were thus planted. During the Second Plan taken u, completed Government lIlant. period, 2,205 acres were planted with the above species. (In Iakhs) An expenditure of Rs. 72,000 was incurred. A scheme (1) (2) (3) (4) for the rehabilitation of degraded forests was also under~ RS. taken, the objects of which were to arresb soil erosion 1951-52 122 wells 101 1'04: 1952-53 9B " 86 1'62 along the hill slopes and to augment the firewilod resour~es 19~3-l)4 41 " 35 1'04 of the State. An area of 850 acres during the Fjrst 1954-55 175 ,_ 162 1'92 Five· Year Plan and 950 acres durigg the Second Five· 1955-56 75 " 70 3'25 Year Plan was planted and an expenditure of Rs. 52,000 1956-57 205 " 177 3-06 incurred. Again teakwood plantations were raised in 19li7-58 243 " lOS 3'30 1,200 acres in Mettupalayam and Boluvampatti rangaa. 11 O.H.Ts. 10.H.T. 1958-59 271 wells 95 wells They are irrigated by river water. An extent of 1,12') 230.RTs. 250.H.Ts. acres was planted with cashew. A S11m of Es. 34,500 1959-60 302 wella 159 wens was spent on this. The development of fodder and grazing 320.H.Ts. 40.H.Ts. resources has also received adequate attention and an 1960-61 211 wells III wells 7'68 area of 2,250 acres at a cost or Rs. 46,000 was planted 1,74:3 wells 1,104: wells 32'30 with grass' and fodder' trees like neem, velvelan ani lOa O.RTs. 380.H.Ts. vagaL Lac production, is a monopoly of India and . Burma. It is an important raw material for the manu· The following schemes were also undertaken for fac~ure of polish, varnishes, ceiling wax and gramaphone improvement of urban water-supply:- records. It is secreted by an insect known as lac insect (i) is designed which thrives on certain species of trees like kusum. The Tiruppur Water.supply Scheme.-This to supply water to the Tiruppur Town and a number cultivation of kusum trees has been taken up in Coimba. of villages like Annur and Avanashi lying bet.ween and tore South Forest division from the year 1958-59. Mettupalayam and Tiruppur. The total cost. is Public Health and Medical.-The district has recorded Es. 1,13,00,000. All items of work have been com appreciable improvement in its health. Previously large pleted except headworks and booster stations. The (jre3S in the hilly par~ were subjected to malaria. But expenditure so far incurred is 52·37 lakhs:. 61 (ii) TIle Udumalpet Water-supply Schemll.~T}lis during 1958-59 at a cost 01 Its. 5·601akhs. The provision . I ,scheme costing Ra. 16,47,000 is in progress. .~he seheme of water-supply to Tiruppur and Udumalpet towns where , , is combined with P.A. Project and water is drawn from an acute shortage is always felt will meet a long-felt need Tirumoorthy reservoir and supplied to Udumalpet and and lead to the development of these areas, Thus villages en-route. An expenditure of Rs. 11 lakhs has Coimbatore district has recorded appreciable progress in . been so 'far incurred. The improvements to the Pollachi supply of water to urban areas during the last iecade. Water-supply Scheme costing Rs. 5·50 lakhs are in Education.-In the field of literacy, the district has 'Progress. T4e Dharapuram Water-supply Scheme cost made an appreciable progress by improving ii:6 percent&ge ing Rs. 10·33 lakhs is in progress. Water will be pumped of literacy from 17·31 in 1951 to 30'20 in 1961. This I)ut from river Amaravathi and stored in nine large. o~er improvement can be attributed to three factors-general bead ,tanks and supplied to the municipality. r4~' awakening of the people, the 'rise in their standard of expenditure incurred so far is Rs. 6·03 lakhs. The living and the opening of the large number of s,chools. I \ improvements to the Coimbatore Water-Supply Scheme The progress made in primary education during the last are in progress at a ~st of Rs. 95,85,000. The Gopi ten years can b~ seen in the following statement:- chettipalayam Water-supply Scheme was completed 1951-52 1960-61 ,... .A. .... ,.. Number Number -~ of Boys Girls Tot&! of BOYB Gull schools schools Total 1,293 103,501 49,847 Elementar¥ 153,348 2,122 128,447 66,981 115,423 schools. 32 3,4gS 1,979 5,477 E3sic sohools .. 323 25,117 .15,103 40,2%0 -4-- _- -- -_-- --- Total .. 1,325 106,999 51,826 158,a25 2,«5 153,564 82,084 ------_235,648 In secondary and higher Collegiate education, the progress made iii remarkable and can be seen in the following statement:-- 1951-52 .A. 1960-61 ~ .... Number Number ~ of Boys , Girls Total or :BoyS Girls schools scboob Total High sClhool (Boys) 73 3!,393 2,997 35,390 103 4:2,549 6,914 49,4:63 High school (Girls) 15 5,831 5,831 17 U,OI6 9,016 Number of Number of Arts Boys Girls Total Arts :Boys Girls Colleges Colle~B Total (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (~) 'College of Arts (Men) 2 1,366 59 1,'25 4 I j 702 73 1,775 'College of Arts (Women) .. 1 14:6 US 3 395 395 The achievement of the district in the field of techni. of improved seeds of paddy, millets, cotton and sugar cal education is quite impressive. Besides the Agricul cane, research on er3dicaii~n of weeds, improvement of iural College and the Forest College which existed for a. fodder cultivation, vegetable cultivation, horticulturel long time, three Engineer'1ng Colleges, three Polytech reclamation of saline and alkaline lands, studies of nics and one Home Science College and one B.T. College fertilis,ers, bee-keeping, entomology! plant physiology, ",vere established during the last decade. The Agricul. evolutIon of draught-resistant strains, agricultural iml'al. College and the attached Research Institute, the engineering, soil tests and survey. Seventy-two superior only one of itg kind in the State, have played an import strains of paddy have been evolved and released for culti ant role in the development of improved techniques in vation which have covered an area of more than 5,600,000 agTiculture. The strength of the studente for the B.Sc. acres in the Stat-e. Co. 25 is a paddy strain evolved (Agriculture) Degree Course was increased from 108 to at the Institute and can resist paddy blast thus 185. From June 1958 onwards, Post-Graduate course, i.e., giving a high yield. GEB 24, TKM 6, AS]) 5, and M.Sc., and Ph.D. were introduced and 40 students Sr. 26-B are other important paddy strains evolved by admitted to these courses. The research work under research in the Inst,itute. The Research institute has taken by the College covered ittlms like the evolution : also evolved Co. 18, Co. 19 and Co. 12 in ch~lam and 62 pO'. '7 in ragi. . Co. 18 is an outstanding IIchievoment in Project as it is called is located 13 miles west of Satya hybridization. Research is conducted in oil !.leeds also. mangalam on the Satyarnangalam-Mettupalayam road. They cover groundnut. T.M.V. 1, 2, 3, gingelly, castor It. is the first major irriga~ion scheme after India attain (T.M.V. 2) a.nd coconut. Five improved strains have ed independence. The total cost is Es. 10.5 crotes. It been evolved in grouDdnut, three in gingeUy aDd four in can irrigate an area of 207,000 acres. The water was castor. The recent achievement is a high yielding big let in for irrigation for the first time in the year 1952-53. seeded groundnut of low oil content which can be used The localised ayacut of 193.000 acres was thrown open for eating. Five strains in Karunganni and five in for irrigation in 1956-67. The main features of the pro American cotton have been evolved and distributed. ject are given below:- M.D. U. 1 and 2 are two superior quality American cotton Ma80nry Dam.-One thousand five hundred and and K. 6 and K. 2 are two good Karilnganni strains. twenty·three fee~ long in the centre river portion . .. Irrigation.-Prior to 1947, the main sources of major Earthen Dam.-Three miles on the left aod 2i miles irrigation were Thadapalli and Arakankottai channels in on the right flank of masonry dam. Total length 28,842 Gopichettipalayam tal uk, the Kalingarayan channel in feet including masonry portion. Erode taluk, the Amaravathi river channels in Udumal pet and Dharapuram taluks and the Aliyar river chan SpiaWIlY Gate8.-Nine numbers 01 36 feeh x~ 20 feeh nels in Pollachi. taluk. Tank irrigation is not as well providing for a maximum depth of 20 feet over the known in this district as in coastal districts of the State. crest: 9,000·00. During the two Five-Year Plan periods, substantial RiveT SluicfJ8.-Nine numbers of 6 feet x 10 feeti 8chievements have been recorded in the utilisation of E sill 815.00. river water. The particulars of minor and major irriga tion sources and their ayacut in each taluk in 1951 are Penatock pOTtion.-Four pipes of 8 feet diameter, given below:- each sill 840·00. Other details about the Dam- ~ 81 ';? 1. Catchment-l,621.53 square miles. a~ S-;- ..c 2. Water-spread area at F.RL.-30.8 . square Nama Dft.Juks "-< £ ~ o~ 0l'l ~! .~ ,,,_o .. miles . .. ~ .. -:; .. ..,0 Il~ !:3!:11~ '" Q €~ S. C~pacity at F.R.L.-Bl,SOO M.Cft. !{l< l1li 0 1] r;..l:I$ ",. Z ~ ~ 4. Average bed level of the river-797.00 feet. (1) (2) (3) (5) 5. Crest of Spillway 900.00 feet. Gopichettipruayam 5 213'38 22,552'04 6. Top of dam-935.00 feet. Bhavani .. 15 1,937'93 59'4,9 7. Top width-25.25 feeh in non-spillway and Av~hi ,. 26 1,285'27 2,172'00 Erode •• 12 827'00 8,276'97 37.25 feet in spillway portion. Coimbatore _• 4 485'97 Il,26()069 8. Maximum width at foundation 167.5 feet. Palladam . • 24 3,513'48 9. Maximum height above the lowest points of Dharapuram 3 246'2~ 7 8.124-26 foundations-204 feet. 6,909000 Follaohi 7 10. Height above the lowest river bed-140.5 feet. Udumalpet 1 88'56 8 7,811'11 11. Height of top of Dam above the crest-38.5 Total.. 90 8,597'88 81 feet. 12. Length of mBin c&oal-124 miles. During the period April 1951 to March 1961, the 13. Length of distributaries-700 miles., following additions and extensions have been made:- Amaravathi Reservoir Project.-It rises in the Western Lower Bhavanl Project. ~Bhavani is an important Ghats near Munnar and falls into Cauvery after pa~bing tributary of river Oauvery. With the help of the old through Udumslpet and Dl18rapuram, the two dry Koduveri and Kalingarayan anicuts, 30,000 acres of land taluks in the district. After prolonged investigations in were irrigated in Coimbatore district with water from 1913, 1921, 1946, 1947 and 1948, the site for the dam Bhavani. A dam was proposed be constructed, so to snd reservoir was chosen, at a distance of 14 miles that the flood waters of Bhavani which fell in Cauvery south. east of Udumalpet. It has a masonry portion s~ could be utilised to supply water to the arid areas in the centre and earthen portions on either side. The Gopichettipalayam, Bhavani, Erode and Dharapuram salient features of the project are given below:- taluks. A site on the confluence of Moyar and Bhavani was selected and a dam constructed. The project was Masonry Dam.-One thousand and sixty-seven feet started· in 1947 and completed in 1954. Lower Eha.vani long including an overflow seation of 200 feet. 63 . Earthen Dam.-One thousand one hundred and' six Parambikulam .. Aliyar Project-This is a major multi ket in right side and 1,421 feet in left side and ati"3uch purpose project included in the Second Five-Year Plan the total length of the dam including the masonry section and still under construction. It is designed to utilise the works out to 3,594 feet. water and power potential of some of the west flowing rivers such as Nirar, Sholiyar and Parambikulam-Aliyar Spillway GatIl8.-Nine numbers of 36 feet x 25 feefi which rise in the Anamalai Hills of Coimbatore district provide for a maximum discharge of 78,000 c/s. with t but flow through the Kerala State to the Arabian Sea. a crest level of 1,150·00. The water will be diverted to the dry regions in Pollachi, River sluiclls.-Five vents of size 5 feet x 6 feet Udumalpet, Palladam. and Dharapuram taluks where the are provided. rainfall is scanty. The project is expected to cost Bs. 40 crores. The details of the pr9ject are given below:- Oanal S;luic6s.-Two vents of size 5 feet x 6 feet 1. Nirar Weir.-A weir is constructed against river axe provided so as to discharge 300 els. ~he canal has Nirar. The cakhment area of the river at the weir site been excavated 00 a length of 40 miles to irrigate 15,000 is 29 square miles and lies at an elevation of :3.000 to scres of new lands and 32,000 Bcres of old irrigation. 8,000 feet. This weir is intended to divert the flows of N!rar to the adjacent Sholiyar basin through a tunneLof Qther panieulara of .the dllm: 14,500 feet long with 1,600 cusees discharging ca.pacity. 1. Catchment-324 square miles. 2. Sholiyar Reservoir.-The next is a dam acl'OSB 2. Waterspread area at full reservoir level-26,OOO Sholiyar. The catchment area at the site of the dam is acres, . 3. Capacity at F.R.L.-4,OOO M.cft. 47 square miles with an average rainfall of 137 inches . 4, Average bed level-1,065.00. The Government of Kerala has begun the construction 5. Crest of Spillway-1,150.00. of a reservoir across Sholiyar for power generation. 'rha' proposed reservoir across the river in Madras State 6. Top of dam.-1,lS4.00. limits will store the surplus in Sholiyar as well as the 7. Top of width of masonry portion-14 feet. flows diverted from Nirar. The masonry dam in the S. Width of roadway at earthen section-25 feet. river portion will be'2,200 feet long and earthen dam at 9. Maximum height above the lowest portion of \he foundation-144 feet. flanks 2,100 feet. The water from Sholiyar reservoir. 10. Length of main canal-40 miles. will be diverted to the adjacent Parambikulam basin 11. Maximum discharge through the canal--300 cIs. through a tunnel of -10,000 feet long of 750 cusecs capa city. The fall of 1,300 feet will be used for generation The project was first opened £01' irrigation in November of power. Hl57. An. area. of 16,400 acres was irrigated in 1958-59. 3, Parambikulam Reservozr.-The next i~.em III the During 1959-60, the entire area of 21,000 acres was chain will be a high dam across Parambikulam river brought under irrigation. The cost of the project was with a catchment area of 89 square miles. The capacity Es. 3 crores. It bas helped to relieve :famine conditions of the reservoir will be 16,800 M.cR The masonry -dam in Dharapuram and Udumalpet. will be 1,000 feet long with a maximum beight of 1,800 feet. The earthen dam at the left Hank will be 1,800 feet Mettur Canal Scheme.-The scheme consists of the long and 50 feet high. The water from the reservoir will excavation of a canal from the Mettur reservoir using be diverted into the adjacent Tunacadavu through the high and low sluices in the Mettur Dam, so that river supply cim 'be made from either set of t·he sluices an unlined tunnel called Parambikulam Tunnel, 8,120 depending on water leveL The main canal runs along feet long with 1,400 cusees capacity. the foot of the hills for a length of four miles and two 4. Tunacadavu . Re$crvoir.-Tunacadavu reservoir furlongs. Then it branches into two, o;ne running on the with' a catchment of 22 square miles at the dam site and right margin of the river Cauvery for 22i miles and annual rainfall of 70 inches will serve as a link for the irrigating 15,000 acres in Bhavani taluk pf Coimbatore flow of the number of streams. The total1ength of the ai~trict and 3,000 acres in Salem district. The canal dam will be 960 feet. The gross capacity of the reser branching off on the left crosses the Cauvery by means voir is 576 M.cft. Water from the reservoir is diverted of an acqueduct and irrigates 27,000 acres in Salem to the eastern part (}f the Anamalai Hills through a district. The canal was first opened for irrigation in tunnel. In addition to getting the water diverted from 1954. Forty~five thousand acres included under the pro P.arambikulam. the reservoir will also receive from the ject have been localised and developed. The projec~ other two reservoirs across small tributaries OIl the was constructed at a cost of Re. 183 crorea. north·west of it. 64 5. PeTuval'ipallam and Tekkadi Tlls6rvoiT8.-These 10. Yield.-The yield of foodgrains from the pl'oject is two small reservoirs are situated on the north,west of estimated at 24,000 tons of rice, 10,000 tons of ground Tunacadavu reservoir, The water from Tekkadi reser- nuts (pea-nuts), 38,000 ~ns of millets, 7,500 tons of voir is diverted into Peruvaripal1am reservoir through a cotton and 140 tons of fish per year. Th0 cost of the Short tunnel. The water from Peruvaripallam reservoir scheme is estimated at 40 crores of rupees, yielding a IS in turn let into Tunacadavu reservoir. The Tekkadi return of 5 per cent on the capital. and Peruvaripallam reservoirs have a capacity of 1,269 Minor Irrigation Schemes. -,The following t:lchemes and 660 M,cft. respectively. The last four l'eservo'irs. have been implemented during the last deellde in Coirn- i.e., Pararnbiku~£ImJ Tunacadavu, Peruvarippallam and batere district:- Tekkadi reservoir will be located in Kerala State. The tunnel through which water is diverted from the 1. Restoration of Orakkarai Venkatraman Chcttiar western slQpe of Anamalai Hills to the eastern slope is CanaL-The scheme was executed at a cost of known by the name Sarkarpathi Tunnel. Thi'ii lined Rs. 2,56,000. It will benefit 300 !Wtes of land in Avanashi taluk. The scheme was started in 1957 and tunnel, 12,510 feet long is designed to carry 1,400 completed in 1959. cusecs. At the exit of the tunnel there is a drop of 300 feet which will be ut·ilised for power generation. Imme 2. J{olapattu Tank Improvement Scheme.-The diately below, Aliyar feeder canal and contour canals Palij.valangal Channel in P01lachi taliIk wag widened take off for supplying water to resel'voirs across Aliyar with a view 00 oring more water to the Rolapattu tank. and Palar respectively. The cost of the scheme was Bs. 93,000 and the acreage benefited is 295. 6, Contour Canal.-The excavation or this 33 miles long canal is the most difficult work in this project. It 3•. Improvements to Kathankanni Tank in DlLara. runs through rugged rocky slopes of Anamalai Hills' pura.m Taluk.-The work has benefited 103 acres of elist" cutting So number of drainages with steep falls. iug ayaout besides bringing an addif;ional 60 acres under its ayacut. The cost of the scheme is Rs. 21,050. . .7. Aliyar Re8·crvoir and Irrigation Canal8 talcing off from it,-This reservoir is formed across riYer 1\liyar and 4. Extension of Punjaithalayar Ohannel.-The· fed· by a canal known as Aliyar Feeder Canal taking off scheme was exeouted at a cost of Rs. 65!OOO and 132- from Sarkarpathy Power House which has an indepen acres were brought under irrigation. dent ayacut ,0£ 4,600 acres under it. This dam will be 5. Restoration of Vettuvapalayam Tank.-Tht 10,000 feet long of which 3,000 feet will be in masonry amount spent on the work is Rs. 10,726 and the acreage and the rest in earth. The gross capacity is 3,860 ~Lcft. benefited is 41. I From this reservoir, two irrigation canals take off. One is called Upper Canal, 12 miles long for irrigating 13,800 6. Oonstruction Of an Anicut acr088 HaHaT HaLLa. acres; the other is Pollachi Canal, 21 miles long for A channel was excavated through Odanthurai reserve irrigating 21,700 acres. forest in Avanashi taluk for raising teakwood plantation. The estimated cost of the seheme is Rs. 4,80,000. Th& 8. Tirumurthy Rescrvoir and Irrigation Canals Tah~ing work began in October 1957 and is in progress. The off from it.-Tirumurthy dam is the last of the series amount spent so far is Rs. 1,73,000. , and it is proposed to be located across the river Palar. The contour can.al starting from the Sarkarpathy Power 7. Mewani channel in Gopichettipa74yam talu'k House empties into this reservoir. The dam is about branching off from Thadapalli Ohannel.-This is a new 9,000 feet long with a net capacity of 1,800 M.cft. channel which irrigates an extent of 260 acres, The An irrigation canal takes oil from this reservoir to irri cost of the scheme is Rs. 60,500. gate 1. 76 lakhs acres oy two main branches called Parambikulam Main Canal, 65 miles long and Udumal· 8. Perumugtii Athan; Ohannel Branching o.ff from pet Canal, 18 miles long, The ayacut under Parambi· 'Arakkankottai Channel.-A new channel was excavated kulam Main Canal will be- 155,350 acres in Pollachi, to a length of 20 miles at a cost' of Re. 5,15,000. Udumalpet, DharapUl'am and Palladam mluks. One thousand and fifty acres have been benefited by this schem~.~ 9. Power Houses.-In addition to the abo,,~ major power houses, there will be three more power houses Development Schemes. -Caimbatore district has caned Sholiyar Power House nand Aliyar Power House played an important role in 'implementing various deve Nos. 1 'and II. The total installed capacity will be of lopment schemes enunciated by the State and Union the order of l.S lakhs K.W. Governments. This has been possible because of thlt 65 good response which the people gave by offering volun and denotified tribes who are engaged in agricultural tary coutribution in cash and kind. T~is Was more operat,ions. House-sites are acquired and assigned to striking in Coimbatore and Pollachi taluks. Achieve. homeless Harijans. A subsidy of Rs. 500 to Bs. 600 is ments under the Loeal Development Schemes were given for the construction of houses to Harijans. stupendous as could be seen from the figu~es given Twenty welfare schools are run in' this district by below::- Government for the benefit of Seheduled and Backward Number Govern- Classes. Thousand seven hundred and fifty students are KInd ofwotk of ment works grant benefited by this. Free mid·day meals are also given in (ru~6& in I.B 8) these schools. A sum of Rs. 13,865 was spent on free (1) (2) (3) mid-day meals during 196()....61. The Government are Drinking water wells .. .. !,377 1 Overhead tanks 366f 73'24 running 14 hostels with 596 boarders. A sum of S~hool buildings 420 17~.71 R!l. 1,09,800 was spent on the maintenance or hostels Roads .. t • 1,025 27'82 during 1960-61. In addition, four hostels are subsidised Dispensaries, hospitals, buildings, maternity 38 3'68 centres, etc. by the Government. A sum of Rs. 76,280 was paid as Drainages .. 251 5'68 grant to the management of the hostels during HJ60--61 . Latrines .• 62 1'59 Scholarships were granted to Scheduled Castes and Bathrooms 23 0'47 Backward communities ddring Hj50-5L A sum of Ba.thing ghats .. 21 1'00 Ponds .. 45 1-12 R£. 1,96,108 was spent t{lwards payment of 'scholarships to 4,260 students. During the last decade, an extent of The first Community Development Project was intro· 192 acres has been acquired at a cost of Rs: 4.61 lakhs , duced in Lower Bhavani area. A sum of Rs. 59.25 measuring in all 215 acres. Housing schemes for Sche. lakhs was spent on various development schemes such duled Castes and Denotified Tribes are in operation from as improvement, of agriculture, animal husbandry, 1959-60. A sum of Re. 2,40,884 was spent for providing health and rural sanitation, education, social education, nouses to Scheduled Castes and Rs. 50,721 for] }enotified rural' arts, crafts and industries and rural housing. Tribes during 1959-60. An expenditure ot Rs. 2,76,529 Besides, the Community Development Scheme was was incurred on housing for Scheduled Castes and introduced in three other blocks and then extended by Rs. 55,618 for denotified tribes during 1960-61. Nine stages to the whole district. The Community Develop hundred and fifty.three houses have been constructed ment Programme has come to stay in this district as a for Scheduled Castes and 260 houses for Sclieduled and peoples' programme and has succeeded in a large mea Denotified Tribes. Subsidy for the purchase of plough sure in the process or transformation or the social and and bulls was given to Harijans and Denotified 1'ribes. econo~c life of rural Coimbatore. The expenditure It w~s disbursed at the rate of Rs. 285 for a pair or bulls incurred under various heads in the blocks in the district dUring. 1959-60. It was increased to Rs. 400 during is as follows:- 1960-61. A sum of Rs. 45,315 was disbursed to Sche duled Castes and Rs. 10,000 to Denotified Tribea during RS. IN LARDS. 1959-60. During 1960-61, the amount disbursed was Agriculture and animal husbandry 7.54 Re. 1,09,725 for Scheduled Castes and Rs. 20,000 for Irrigation and reclamation 57.54 Denotified Tribes. The following Table giV8fj particularil Health and rural sanitation 14.27 of expenditure on various schemes intended for Sefie. Education ~~. I ... 7.73 duled Castes, Denotified, Tribes and Backward Communi Social education 7.37 ties during the IO-year period in the district- Communications 8.20 Rural arts, crafts and industries 5.63 B'S. IN LAins Rural housing 1.60 Mid·day meals in welfare schools 1.D2 Subsidy to hostels and expenditure on Harijan Welfare.-1VeHare centres are run by the 8.85 hostels run by Government. Government for the benefit of Harijans and backward Scholarships classes. Students belonging to Scheduled Castes and 5.29 Water-supply. and sanitation ... Bflckward Classes are granted scholarships J residential '" 1.49 and non-residential boarding grants. . Government· 'also Housing .. , 6.31 run hostels for the benefit of Scheduled Castes and Purchase of books 0.18 Backward classes. Free mid-day meals are provided for Acquisition of house-sites 4.61 students in the welfare schools. Plough bulls and Total agricultural implements are glven to Scheduled Castes 0-9 66 The tempo of execution of schemes have been stepped villages under the zamindari system were taken over by up during 1959-60 and 1960-61 and the expenditure the Government during this decade and ryotwt\ri system during these two years alone was Rs, 19,27 lakhs. introlluced. The Cultivating Tenants Protection Act Bud the Cultivating Tenants (Payment of Fair Rent) Act Land reforms.-The district did not have much of were helpful to the people, but the number of cases zamindari areas. The· settlement was based on the coming under these Acts was not as much as in Til'uchi original .1Ianroe System of ryotwari settlement, A few rapalli or Thanjavur district, Details of Expenditure on Second Plan Schemes Expenditure, Total for Head of Development ,... -______.J>------~ Ilve 1956-57 1967-58 1958-59 1959-60 196o-Gl yeaN (1) (2) (3) (!l:) (5) (6) (7) (R11l'OOij in lakhs ,J 1 Agricultural production ., ~ 19'31 16'90 27'50 41'98 Minor irrigation , . .. r Land de velopment " ."J Anima lhusbandry " 1'99 4'95 6'51 Da.irying and milk supply ,. 0'32 2'93 6'95 Fisheries· 0'27 0'3' 0'32 Foresta "} 0'60 11'13 Sou Conserv!d,ion •• " Community development •• 28'42 14'98 21'80 29'22 41'2Q 135'6Z Co.operation ,. O'7l 2'79 1'90 4'02 6'71 16'19 - 0'56 Irrigation 1(:17'09 SO.36 14'91 - 5'38 196'42 Power-rural eloctrmcation .' 80·00 77'50 103'74 100'42 120'98 482'64 Large and medium industries 10'00 5'00 5'00 20·00 Village and Small Industries- (i)· Handlooms and conversion of hand- 1'27 1S'06 loom to power-loom, (ii) Small-Scale Industries ' . ~ 0'19 3'95 3'72 18'04 (iii) Industrial estate~ , , J 0'17 0'26 {iv) Handicrafts " 0'03 0'26 0'59 1'31 0'43 0'03 0'46 (v) Coir •• (vi) Sericulture . , 0'04 0'03 0'07 , 13'15 15'66 61'18 Roads " 2;'88 19'59 30'91 9JolS Education 6'99 Technical education 2'64 14'56 :n'65 SO'76 Health- (i) UrbaJl water.supply .' 76'50 18'11 25'60 29'47 26'50 176'18 (ii) Rural water· supply " 3'06 3'30 3'32 6'17 7'48 23'33 3'34 8'48 20'49 (iii) Health 3'95 2'25 2'47 8'70 (iv) Medical 0·03 1'55 2'59 S'89 21'76 Welfare of backward classes 4'85 6'64 6'53 S'Ol 10'88 36'91 0'06 0'77 1'03 Social welfare • • .. 0'02 JoSs 5·99 2'23 23'57 39'86 Housing 3'91 4'16 3'84 5'10 Labour welfare .. 0'13 0"56 . 9'63 :M~ell&llOOUS 0'37 0'40 1'11 ,i) Statistics 0'09 0'25 (ii) Town-planning 3'4' 2'85 3'84 0'15 572 16'00 0'17 (Ui) Broa.doasting " 0'03 0'09 0'12 0'17 0'58 (iv) LoaDS to 1038.1 bodies " 2'31 1;83 1'94 3'73 3'16 12'97 , (v) TuurillDl . " Total ,. 350'79 291'07 315'57 418'32 1,678'40-- Somes: Finance (Planning and Development) Department. 67 APPENDIX. i' Ooimbatcre diatrict;duririg the first and 8ecoM jive-year planlJ. Agrieulture-•. Value of insecticides used, Rs. 17,65,\JS4. Improved implements sold, Rs. 14,OB~ (at half the Seed iFarms in the district . Qua.ntityof price) . Name of tbe farm Acreage improved seeds distributed Land reclamation, etc.- (1) (2) (3) ACRES. TONS Pongaiur .• ' 22'521 Virgin lands reclaimed 7,681.50 KanuaInpalaY4m .. '49'51 ~ Current fallows reclaimed 23,654.00 Bhavanisa.gar 50'00., 9, 526 ' Satyamangala.m 50'00 Punjlli Seods . Bhavani 108'53 1.418'" Total 31,335.50 Veerakeralam i. . 42'52J SaJ':l)athur •• .'J' 79'00 Electric-motors supplied-377. Additional produ~tion achieved-30,aOO tons of rice, Oil-engines supplied-l04. Cost of improved seeds Rs. 29,201. Area benefited-2,697 acres. Cost of punjai &eeds Rs. 89,674. First Plan Second Pla.n Fertilisers Distributed.~ Bore wells constructed •• 325 240 . Filter point walls 34 ...i:l III II) Area beniftted • • . • 340 acres, ...<:I Estimated additional pro- .s:: 20,000 tons .. duction obtained as It of grains . Year a " 1951-52 647 , 919 Name of the schemes Atea covered 195~53 •• 6,384 f17g ACRES 1953-54 5,167 182 Mulanur .. .• 7,419 1954-55 .. 8,344 620 Irangayatn-Vellakoil 0,789 1955-56 .. 8,560 642 Kothamangalam .. 3.572 1956:"'57 .. 13,590 1,315 Avanashi-Coimbatore 5,571 1957:"'58 •• 6,64:4 1,715 1,474 Palladam 2,430 1958-50 •• 7,300 1,916 2,540 Kannivadi ..•• 4,968 1959-60 •• 7,122 1,626 4,278 Vadachittoor-Kondantpatti 3,898 1960-61 8,821 2,255 3,598 Udumalpet 220 --- Kolarpatti • • • • 2,166 Tota.l .. 72,579 11,589 1l,890 Malumicbampatti .. . . • • • • . • 755 .Area covered under districtwise pattern during 10,023 19~0-61 with five centres-Satyamangalam, Malumichampatti, Vadachittoor, Ganapathi. Green manure seeds distributed 1,385 tons. palaye.m. and Kannivadi. Area cultivated with green manure crops 93,875 Total ••. acres. 46,811 Cost for multiplication of green manure seeds) Rs. 79,675. Average expenditure of soil conservation per acre ranges between Rs. 35-50. Quantity of rural compost produced and used 151,792 tons. Increase in acreage under CTOpS.- Quantity of rural compost produced and used 1951 1961 Paddy-irrigated 1:1 •• 144,228 247,541 Area Of plants protected during the two plan peri6d,~ in Paddy-un-irrigated •• 1,233 AcreB. ' 2,698 Paddy-Total 145,461 -_ Year Paddy Jlli1lets Sugarcane Cotton Ground nut 250,239 Sugarcane 14,880 29,372 (1/ (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Cotton-irrigated •• 120,061 200,498 1951-52 2.585 1,701 213 691 710 Cotton-un.irrigated •. 118,323 124,853 1952-53 1,905 7,898 331 740 620 1953-54 1,210 2,410 420 630 340 Cotton-Total .. 238,384 325,351 1954-55 2,500 3,520 750 620 370 Groundnut .. •• 231,097 316,387 11:155-56 8,215 5,110 1,725 240 3,210 -- 1956-57 10,010 7,215 1,910 321 4,~25 1957-58 12,1l0 9,220 2,000 433 6,270 The various schemes are estimated to have resulted in 1958---59 10.210 7,740 1,240 420 7,210 an increased annual production of 2.5 lakhs of tons of 1959-60 2.'185 4,000 1,725 275 6,200 food .. grains jn the district .. C-9A 6S Horticulture Forests Number of gardeners trained per annum 13 (Second Total area under fOnlsliB-l,084 squaJ'6 mUes. Plan). Loans are given for planting new orchards and Filet Plan ,Second Plan for rejuvenating old ones. The scheme is in force from Soft wood Plantation •• 19.600 plants 72,000 plants 1959-60. in 100 &Ores. in 2,205 acres. Year Amount advance~ , Acreage co fered Afforestation of degraded Its. forflsts, prevention of soil erosion. oto. • • 850 acres. 1959-60 ., 22,775 } 1,780 95() acres. 1960-61 •• 30,630 Total expenses under both Plans • • • . • • Ra. 52,000 Affol'(lf!tation of teakwood in Fruit seedlings distributed: An average of 50,000 per Mettupalayam range Qnd annum. Boluvampatti range •. 1,200 acres.] Cashew cultivation •. l,l20 acres at an ex. Detai~8 of Loan8 Granted for AgricuHuraL P1IrpOBC8. pense of Re.34,500. r Fodder cultivation .• 2,250 acres ~~!~ 3;:;~=~~ ~.., '-' ,";:Ii;) at an ex. ... ~e .. ..., ': ~ej panse ofJ caS==.a ~:i!lq) RI. 46,000. Year dl"'dl~ p.~ s~ g So;;' o. eJ ...... ",,,,,,,.<1 ",~,;:;;p. .. §,~~-= Animal Husbandry l!~~l o "'Ill ... H lint Plan Second Plan (1) (2) (3) ( 4) Pedigree bulls stationed in the district 1951-52 14·32 0,04 ' .. 145 198 1952-53 2J.66 0·56 Numbl'lr of services performed 46,710 38,947 1953-54- 8·18 1049 1·62 Calves born •• 10,060 34,014 1954-55 14·09 H2 13·55 Key Village 8che'J'M 1955-56 16-50 0·71 14-63 Number of artificial 1956-57 19·60 3·76 0·78 !insemination centres 6 11 1957-58 15·93 5,53 2·48 1958-59 15·56 7-66 1-71 TV ark done in Key Viliage aentre8- 1959-60 12·01 11·71 9·04 Number of natural services-40,275. 1960-61 13·99 17·80 8·68 Number of artificial inseminations performed- 232,652. Distribution of Land for Landless Number of calves born and verified-72,643. Years Number of Acres pers()ns distributed Number of castrations performed-26,283. 1958 .'. 515 1,473 Number of preventive inocula't1ons done-;361 ,994. 1959 280 358 1960 .. 759 2,820 Artificial Znsemination Centres at Veterinary 1961 560 2;356 Hospitals First Second Total " 2)14 7,007 Plan Plan Centres - 1 3 Bcheme for Increaaed Production 01 Oil·seods Wark done during the Plan period TIll"g!lt Achievements Number Number I~lll.of ,....--_...o.__-, ,.----.-'--, Centres of ser. of calves ImprovemenlB Ac[es Tons Acres lTon! ViOO8 born (1) (2) (3) • (4) (5) Coimba.tooo 94,337 1 Recl!UIlation of 3,800 ' 950 3,301 782 16.325 wasw lands. Polliichi 3,421 494 Tiruppur 2 Double cropping .• 103,650 43,165 82,852 34,167 .. '10,351 1,881 Udumalpet 3 Inter cropping 42,200 2,405 28,372 3,546 1,307 267 4 Spre&d of improved 130,680 7,651 120,425 8.047 Poultry centres .. 127 127 stra.ins of seeds. Nwnber of chicks produced 5 lntensive cultiva.- 104,610 10,541 153,782 12,399 2,605 tion measures. Number of eggs produced 38,4i6 8 Plant protection 33,290 2,184 90,4:10 6,044 Number of chicks sold .. mE!8'!Utes. .. 1,727 Number of eggs sold 29.851 Total .. 418.230 66,896 4:79,142 64,985 Dairying and Milk,suppry Ja.panese method of cultivation was introduced in the Co-operative Milk supply Ullioi1~l. district in 1953. Area brought under this scheme during Number of affiliated societies-22. 1960-61-0ne lakh acres. Quantity of milk distributed per day-S,OOO M.M. 69 A milk pasteurization plant was being set up by the Recently construvted hou8ing colonies end of the Second Plan at a cost of Rs, 8.33 Yakhs. Houses LoaD8 Name con· dlstribntlon structed (Its· lakbs) Control of diseases Pollachi - Mahalingapuram Colony .. 188 13-11 Total number or Veterinary I!()spitals-I0. Coimhl:lt01'6-Saibaba Colony 166 4'72 'rotal number of minor Veterina~y Dispensaries-4. Dr. Sivanandhanagar-N. Coimba.tore 85 3'57 Colony . .Achievements during the Plan period8 Community Development Programme .-Community Number of vaccinatioJlll and inoculations ., " 482,355 Development Programme introduced in the district in 70,673 Number of castrations performed •• 1952. There were Olle Community Projec~ and three Number of ca.ttle treated in Community Develop 89,147 ment Blocks by the Extension staff. National Extension Service Blocks during the First Plan Vaccinations and inoculations perfonned 432,09P period. First Plan Fisheries r-----"---., "First Seeond Nnmber Extent PopnJa. of villages :n &quare tion Plan Plan covered mOles (lakhs) Catcbes (lb.) .. .. 23,695 164,793 (1) (2) (3) (4) 8,2~4 46,429 Amount realised (R8.) Community Project .. 217 755'00 6'19 5,152,9~3 1,737,076 Fingerlings stocked .. }(angaYaDl Block 41 317'00 4'28 153,105 Number of fingerlings distributed to Tiruppur Block 48 218'00 1'38 individua.ls in Block areas f()r rearing during the Plan periods. PalladaDl Block 41 228'00 I'll --- 347 1,518'00 12'96 ICo·operatlon Total At the At the end of end of FlrEt SeeonJ Expenditure incurred under development schemt!s Piau PIau Rs. 69.25 !akhs. Villa.ges covered • • • • 73 per cent 100 per cent. Number of blocks existing at the end of the Second Percentage of rural population 22 57 broughli under co.operative Plan-28. fold, Villages covered-802. Credit provided • • • • Rs. 3'04 crafes, 8'17 crores, Population covered-19.84 lakhs. P@rcentag~ of total credit needs 12 41 of the cultivators. Area covered-3,33~ square miles. Second Plan, Number of Agricultural banks formed o. 31 By the end of the Second Plan two·thirds of the district Number of credit Unions •• • • 7 with 16 ad was under Community Development Programme. juncts. Number of marketing societies working at the Achicvement8 of Community Development Programme. end of the Second Plan. 17 Number of co.operative farming societies . • 2 -Agriculture Oompost pits dug-.50,OOO. First Second Plan Plan Compost prepared-1.5I lakhs tons. Number of co.Qpera.tive building societies •• 25 64 Quantity of improved seeds distributed-295,480 Loans adva.nced (RB.lakhs) . • 4'2l 47'54 maunds. Quantity of fertilizers distributed-33,8oo t Health and Rural Sanitation Soak pits cODstructed-12,419. AmDllJIt Of' Category of work Number lll'aJIt drawn. Latrines constructed-640. of works (rnpees in Iakhs·) Drains laid-31! miles. (1) (2) (3) }.Jew wells sunk-1,021. WellE! •• ...... 2,377\ Overhead tanks 73'24· Old wells repaired-629. " . .. .. 366 J Schools .. .. 420 17'71 Maternity and Child Welfare Centres established-76. -- Roods 1,025 27'82' Primary Health Centre establisbed-22. Maternity centrea fIIld hospitals •• 38 "68, Draius •• 251 6'98 Education Latrines .. .. ., 62 1'59' Ba.tbrooms •• 23 Number of Elementary Schools e8tablished-154~ 0'47 Bathing ghats .. 21 l'OO- Number of Higher Elementary Schools esta· Godowns , 2 blished-9. . .. .' .. 0-16 Cremation sheds .. 4 0'0' Number of High Schools established-4. Ponds 45 1'12 New Schools started-162. Choultries .. 4 0'37' Number of Schools converted into Basic Schools-50. Radio house ., 4 0'05- Hostels 5 0'16- Social Education Beading rooms 43 2044: Number of Adult Literary Schools opened-442. Gymnasium 1 0'01 Numbel' of Adults trained-2,400. Dhoby Ka.na. 1 0'05- Number of Reading Rooms and Libraries estab-- Tabsl .. 4,692 135'8~ lished-583. -- Number of routh Clubs formed-35l. Number of Madhar Sangams formed-l82. Irrlgation Number of Social Service League formed-169. ,-----____.._----_In 1951 Nllm~r Number Name of taluk of l!liDor Ayacut of major Ayacut irrigation .lactes) lIOurcea (acres) oom munications sonroes Roads metaUed-370. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) New formations-303. GopichettipaJayam .. 5 213 9 22,5S2 Bha.va.ni 15 1,938 Numbor of culverts constructed-172. ... 1 09 Avanashi 26 1,285 2' :,172- Erode .• 12 827 2 8,277 Co.operation. Coimbatol'6 .. 4 486 22 1l,260 Number of societies orgauized-979. Palladam 24 3,5l3 Membership-174,753. Dbarapuram ., 3 246 7 8.124 Pollaohi 7 6,909 E~pendituTe, incurred on several deve.lopment pTO· Udumalpet .. 1 88 8 7,3H grammes in the Block.~ is as follow8:- Total .. 90 8,096 58 66.664 as. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry ... 7,54,400 lew Projects started during 1951-61 Irrigation and Reclamation 57,53,900 1. Lower Bhavani P-roject-Starled in IP47 and' Health and Rural Sanitation 14,20,700 completed in 1954 Education 7,72,600 Area irrigated in acres-207,OOO. Social Education ... -.. 7,37,300 Ayacut (acres)-193,OOO. Communications '" 8,20,200 Cost (in rupees crores)-lOi. Rural Arts, Crafts and Industries 5,82,500 2. Amcmwath£ Project-Irrigation target-21,OOO Rural Housing , .. 1,60,100 acres:- Achievement 15,000 acres newly irrigated. Local Development Scheme (in areas not benefited by 32,000 acres stabilized. Community Development Programme) started in 19"53. Started in 1953 and completed in 1957, C08t Fifty per cent grant from Central Government in the (rupees in crores)-3. case of Water·supply works, the State Government can. 3. MetiuT Channel opened in 1954 tributed another 25 per cent and the balance by the Area irrigated-15,OOO acres. beneficiariee. Cost (rupees in crores)-1·88. 71 4. Parambilmlam-Atiyar Pro1ect (under construc tion) Industry 1051 1961 Second Plan Provision Rs. 70 lakhs. Textile Mills .. 32 79 ~xpenditure incurred Rs. 426.71 lakhs. Spindles 8.1 lakhs. 181akha. S~arted in 1958-59. Looms .• .. , ., 2,400 9,366 ..Minor Itrigation Scheme Number of labourers emp- loyed " 24,000 52,000 1. Restoration of Orakkarai Venhataraman Chettiar Production per year in all factories: 3,07,089 bales of ·Channel , , Year of start-1957. yarn and 30.260 bales of cloth. 1951 1961 Year of completion-1959. Ginning factory 86 134 Cost-;Rs. 2.56 lakhs. Workers employed in 134 factories-about 5,000. Area irrigated-BOO acres. South India. ViBC08, Limited at Avanashi.--Rs. 10 2. Broadening of PaUivazhangal Ohannel I crores of which Rs. 5 crores are subscribed hy Italian Cost-Rs. 93-,000. Government. Production per day 10 tons of staple fibre. Area benefited-295 acres. Amaravathi Co-operative Sugar Factory 3. KathankannI Tank Improvement Sonemo Capital-Rs; 40.18 lakhs. Cost-Rs. 21,000. Government sbare-Rs. 20.00 lakhs. Area benefited~103 acres-existing. Production per aay-80 tons of sugar. 60 acres-new. A.C.O. Oement Factory 4. Punjith'alayur Channel Improvement Scheme Average monthly production-23,400 tons. Cost-Bs, 65,000. Number of workers-2~OOO. Area benefited-132 acres. Asbestos Factory (1953) annual products vnlu€d at 5. Vettuvappalayam Tank Improve ment Scheme Cost-Rs. 10,726. Bs. 2 crores Number of workers-1 ,000. Area benelited-41 acres. Total number of handlooms in the district- 6. Construction of an allicut across HalLaT Halla 60,836. Estimated cost-Rs. 4.8 lakhs. Number of weavers-54,895. 'Actual expenditure illcurred-Rs. 1.73 lakhs. Annual production 9.78 crores' yards of cloth. Year of start-1957. Power looms factories-25. (under construction.) Number of workers-300. 7. Mewani Channe~ Hosio1'Y Industry at Tiruppur Cost-Rs. 60,500. , Year No. of No. of produc· Number of Area benefited-250 acres. unit, machines tlOD lb. workers 8. Perumtlghai Athani Channel 1951 .. 95 4()0 20 lakba. 1,500 219 1,047 93'5 Cost-Bs. 5.5 lakhs. 1961 .. 4,000 Area benefited-l,O~O seres. Industrial Estate at Erode 0 0 II> " 'Wells goo 1::1'1:1 .... ,8 .83 Numoorcf Amount Number Extent of ~C) 104° Year well advan- orwell Sob- area bene- 0,5 l=Je compIe- sidy 'ia 01ij sanc· ced fited Date of commencement -0 ~A tioned ted paid '() ... 0 i .. C) C) (1) (9) (3) (4) (5) (6) ""'"I)" ""!! ; ,cR 0g RS. ns. ACI3. '0 is -=a0 ~ IZ'i 0 II 347 172 1958-59 1,93,500 42,950 344 (lUPBES 1959-60 226 2,73,000 17 4,250 34 IN'L!XlII) 2,el,500 (11 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6 1960-61 '0 200 t. 8th ])eoember 1958.. 7 4-24 7 20 0'76 Total ., 773 --7,28,000 189 47,200 378 Loans to Small Industrialists Nnmber 0 LoaDI Power Year p8l1Ons dlstrlbu~ Rural Electrification (1) (2) , (3) RB. 1950-51 1955-56 1960-'1 1.2 (1) (2) (3) (., 1956-57 •• •• •.• .. 4,250 U Towns 21 21 22 1957--58 .• 16,600 Villa.gos 411 735 2,093 1958-59 .• 40.2 1.21,050 1959-60 .• 118 61,160 Total 432 ---756 2,115 1960-81 .. 280 B3,600 72 Development ot Khadi Roads ... ,tJ Category M1le~ Number Expendltlll'8: ""c 0 .. :; (RUPlIilIS Ilf 0 III il-c ,.1:1 LAKES.) .~ ., ,.. () ~ (I) (2) (3) (4) Year ~d (lr:-.. " "::! ... I) ,oIlS 'Co SOl -'"oj,.. New roods 80 2'00 ~~ ",if .:::Ilo .S! ::0'" III I Water-supply Scheme8 under con8truction toward8 the WeHare schemes for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled close of the Second plan Tribes, De-notified Tribes and Backward Communities during the two Plan periods. Scheme Eat1mated EXJ)Pndlture coat incurred (.Is. INt'AKHS.) (I) (2) (3) Mid-day meals in Welfare Schools ... 1'52 (BUPRES IN" Subsidy to hostels and expenditure on UKRS.) Tiruppur, Water.Supply·Scheme .. ll3 52'37 boste1s run by Government 8,85 , Udumalpet Water.Supply Scheme, lII'(7 11'00 Scholarships 5·29 Water-supply and Sanita.tion 1·49 Pollachi Water· Supply Scheme .. 5'50 Housing ... 6'31 ]j)harapuram Water-Supply Scheme, 10'33 6,()3 Acquisition of house-sites ... 4'6~ Coimbatore Water.Supply Scheme 95'S5 Purchase o£ books 0'18 (improvements). '" Gopichettipalayam Water·Supply .. 5.. Total... 28'~ Seheme (Completed in 1965-ig). - 0-10 CHAPTER XII TEMPLES In Madras the temple is the centre of community liie. A classification of the temples according to the presid. fhe Cholas who held sway for four centuries from 907 ing deities reveals the following in~eresting details:- A .D. were famous temple builders. In fact nearly one Number (If Siva temples third of the temples in Tamilnad are in the districts of '" 170 Tiruchirappalli and Thanjavur over whtch the Ulidlaa Number of Vishnu temples 229 Number of temples for Murugan directly ruled. For over 250 yev.fS, the present Coirn "', 46 Number of temples for Vinayagar batore district which was then knOWD as Kongunad was 73 under the control of Oholas who were responsible for Number of temples for Village Goddesses 303 Others ... some of the well known temples in the district. Pannyas 51 and Hoysalas also who came later eJlcouraged the con Total 872 'Struction of the temples. Even after the British secured political power in the country a large number of temples - have been built. Temples which cover an area of one acre ana over is less than 10 per cent as the number of such temples 'is only 77. A questionnaire calling for the necessary details was sent to all the temples through the Revenue Depart Three hundred out of 872 temples own ornaments. ment. Out of 820 temples in Coimbatore district under No festivals are celebrated in 378 temples. 229 temples the administrative control of the Hindu Beligious and get an annual income of Es. 1,000 and o;er from their Chttritable Endowments Board details were received immo"Vable properties. The Eswaran temple at Nerinji· from 733 temples. In addition particulare have been patti (Bhavani taluk) gets an income of Rs. 2 lakhs per collected in respect of 139 shrines not taken over by the annum. Board. Of the 872 temples, only 228 were built prior to 1750 Pollachi taluk has the largest number of temples, viz., 1. e" before the British secured political power. The 162 while the least number of sl1rine~ is in Coimbatore majority of the temples are thus less than 200 'years- old. VIZ., 02. The talukwise distribution IS as taluk, Of the 733 temples under the administrative control follows:- of the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Number of temples Board paid executh'e officers have been appointed for 4:7 ,..--"------"-1 tr.tnples. TlIluk B. R. Not unrfer Total and If· R' O· E. and C. E. While an account of each temple is glven In the (1) (2.) (S) (4) Direotory relating to the district, the following 5 1 BhBvani .. ., 41 39 80 temples deserve specii'll mention. They are not only 2 Gopichettipalayam 90 8 98 ancient but also held to be very sacred. 3 Erode .. 93 4 97 1. Sri Pattiswarar temple, Perur. -4 Dhn.rapuram .. 71 11 82 2. Sri Srmgameswal'aswamy temple, Bhavani. :IS Palladaro SIS 49 134 3. Sri Avana$hilingeswara.r temple, Avanashi. '6 Ava.nashi ,. 61 7 68 4. Sri Chennimalai Andavar temple, Chennimalai. 5. Sri Kodumudi temple. "1 Coimbatofe 60 2 62 A short account of the above temples is given below.- '8 Pollachi .. .. 148 14 162 t UdumaJpet .. 84 5 89 Sri Pattiswara8wamy Temple, Perur.-This is a.n ancient temple built in the first century B.C. by Kt'in Total ., 733 139 872 kala Cholan. Renovations nave been effected subse quently by various Rulers and individuals. 1'h~ temple I .'5' which iF! three miles west of Ooimbatore is dedicated· to On the eastern: outer wall opposite to the sanctum Sri Pattiswarar and, his consort Pachai Nay!iki. The sanctorum of the pevi, there are three holes. In 1802 Uthsavamurthy is Sri Nataraja which is of exquisite a European Collector desired to have Dharsan of the beauty. He is installed close to a large mantapam of Devi. As he could n~t be permitted inside the temple; 94 feet by ~8 feet containing 36 stone pillars of 16 feet three holes were made in the wall and the Collector was ill height. .' In front of the temple is a tamarind tree, able to worship the Goddess daily. One night while he the seeds of which afe sttlrile. To the north' of the wag sleeping in his bungalow, a lady looking like the shrine on the banks of the river there is a palmyrah !levi appeared in his dream and asked him to get out of tree; the decoction prepared from the bark of this tree his residence. He did so and a few minutes later, the cures diseases which are considered incurable: roof fell down and be escaped being crushed to death, Immensely pleased with his luck, the Collector made a . The Moolavar is a ISwayambu on whose hend can be ISmaIl ivory cot and offered it to the shrine with his name seen marks of ~ calfs·hoof and a cow's horn. Accord· inscribed. on it. The date is 11tb June 1804. ing to legend, this place was once a forest of ' Pippala The temple which is 1,000 years old covers an area. of trees '. Kamadenu 1 the divine cow and its calf came to the forest when one day one of the calf's legs was 4 acres. It has ornaments worth Ra. 30,000 and vaha . I caught in an ant hill. Kamadenu pierced the ant hill nas. The income :from its lands and offerings of with its horns to releas~ its calf and the Swayambu dEvotees is Rs. 15,000 per annum. Poojas are per~' lingam was dis30yered. The marks seen on the lingam formed thrice. The main festivals are Brahmotsavaro are those of Kamadenu's horns and its calf's foot. and the Adi Perukku, viz., 18th day of the month of Adi. Five trustees are managing its affairs. The temple· covers an a.rea of over two acres and Sri Avanashi Lingeswarar Templ~, Avanashi. eontains several stone inscriptions. Poojas ~re performed as laid down in the Agamas; Sahasranaroa Archana is Avanashi is kn()wn as South Banaras (T.enkasi) since done both in the mornIng and evening. It has orna· the popular belief is that the Swayambu lingam in the ments, and immovable properties. The annual income above temple sprang from the roots of Rasi Viswanathar. The old name of this place was Pukkoliyur where Saini il) nearly Rs. 40,000. The Brahmotsavam ill the Panguni and Arudhra Dharsan in Marghazi are the Sundarar brought back to life a boy who was devoured important festivals. Its affairs are managed by five by a cro(lodile five years earlier. The Swayambu lingaro trustees and an Executive Officer appointed by the which is installed in the temple was originally hidden by' Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Board. a bush and was discovered when the cows which came there gave up their milk of their own accord. The deity Sri Sangameswaraswamy Temple, Bhavani.- is known as Avanashi Lingeswar snd his consort is Bhavani is otherwise known 3S South Prayag; just as Sri Karunambigai. The temple was built by the Cholas Jllmna and Saraswathi join with the Gangas at Allaha· in the midd!e of the 12th century. Later renovations bad (Prayag), Bhavani and Amuda (not visible now) and additions have been made by the Pandiyas, Hoysalas mix with the Cauvery at this place. It is nine miles and rulers of Mysore. from Erode Railway Station and lies on the Salem The temple covers an area of one acre. 1t has jewel. Coimbatore Trunk road. The temple with a majestic lery worth Rs. 17,000. FJ.'om its immovable properties, pagoda of 120 feet in height, is close to the junct.ion of bundies and offerings of devotees, its annual income is two rivers and the presiding deity is Sri Sangameswarar • RI:!. 8,000. Poojas are performed :five times daily. The whD is a Swayambulingam with his consort Vedanayaki. main festivals are Brahmotsavam in Cbitrai and There is a lingam known as Amudalingam on the banks Mudalai Vai Pillai Uts8vam (festival relating to bring of the river. According to legend, Parses Maharishi got ing back to !ife of the boy who was devoured by the from Sri Maha Vishnu a small quantity of Amirtham crocodile in Panguni). (nectar); the Rakshasas followed him to get hold of this nectar. The Rishi buried the vessel containing the Five trustees and the Executive Officer appointed by nectar on the banks of the river which turned into a. the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Board lingam. The popular belief is that the river Amuda. ore in charge of its affairs. ongmates from this lingam and mixes with the Cauvery. Sri Chennimalai Andawar Temple, Chennimalai. There is a Vi'3bnu temple also close by indicati.ng The Dandayudhapani temple at the top of the hills at cordial relationship between Saivites and Vaishnayites. Chennimalai was built by Sh:alaya Cholan. This Ruler C~IOA 11 'Wu inSicted with Brabmahatt.i (sin of hiving killed a It is managed by tllree trustees and an Exeoutive Brahmin) a~d he could not get rid of it though he Officer appointed by the Hindu Religious &nd Charitable visited several shrines. At last he came to Chenni· Endowments Doard. Olllisi. Muruga took the form of a priest and performed pooja to himself and blessed the Chola who got rid of bis KodufflUdi Sri Makudeawara.r Temple.-In the com tin and he raised the temple. petition between Adisesha and Vayu, already referred to, While one of the chips of the Himalayas fell at Chen Once there was 8 competition between Adiaesha and nimalai, five precious stones from the head of Adisesh. the Wind God (Vayu) as wwho was the stronger of the were scattered j of which one, viz., the diamond fell at two. Adiseshs spread, himself over the Himalayas._ Kodumudi; this precious stone took the shape of the Vayu was sb!e to dislodge Adisesha and in that process Ungam in this temple. The deity is, therefore;. one of the chips of the Himalayas fell here. In Krita. Swayambu. He is known 8S Sri Makudeswarar, Pandi Yuga it was known as Magudagiri and worshipped by Kodumudi Mahadevar and Aaludaya Nayanar. The Sri Vishnu. In the next yuga it was known e.s Kansga. idol of Sri Brahms. is found in the westem prabram girl and worshipped by Sri Mahalakshmi. In Dwvapa· under the Suma (Vann) tree while there is a separate myugalll the Ashta Durgas worshipped here when it was shrine for Veers Narayana Perumal. between the temples known as Pushpa.giri. In Kaliyuga it is called as Siva of Sri Makudeswarar and his consort Vadivudai Nayaki. @1l'i or OheIl1limalai. Hence the shrine is popularly referred to as the temple of three Gods (Thri Murthys). Anchaneya. and Sanis .. Chennimalai is miles from the Ingur Railway 4i warsr also a.re installed in separate shrines. The temple Station and 18 miles from Erode. Bus facilities are has been so designed that in the months of Avani and available to reach the village. There is an Utsa'V8' Panguni the Bun's rays fall on both the Lord and Hia lIlurthy of great beauty. Originally the idol was Subrsh. consort for three or four days. This is a distinctive fea manYB with six faces. This got damaged. Some ture of this temple since in no other shrine ,do we set elderly people got 90 dream when they were informed .. such an a.rrangement. Saints Appar, 8undarar, Sam. to where they could get tbe idol of DhandapBni which ba:ndaor and Manickavasagar have visited the temple and is now tbe presiding deity. The sculptor was directed composed songs praising the deity. fo give up the idol. But he refused ro do so on the hound that it was not complete. But when be com This ancient temple is four furlongs from the KOOn flenced to work on the idol, blood spurt-ed out; he goi mudi Railway Station which is on the Erode-Triehy I~ghtened and surrendered the idol which was duly failway line. The distance from Erode is 2B milea. lHilt"Ued. Renovations were done in the beginning of the pr$Ben~ "{i century. There are numerous stone insoriptions -ill the ai Poojas are performed seven times daily. The shrine shrine. It covers an area of five SONIS. Poojas &1'& per MS got jewels worth Re. 35,000. It has several vBha.nss, formed by the priests dally. '€Ii. which a silver peacock and a silver car (8apparo.m) -Mperve speoial mention. From its properties, hundies, The main festivals are:- &Itd by way of offerings of devotees its annual income 1. Car festival in Chitrai, ~xoeeds Re. 26,000. The main festivals 31'e:- 2. Eighteenth day of Adi month, -r9~ 1. Car festival in Thai (Poosam asterism). 3. Vaikunta Ekadasi in MargBzhi, and 1~91 2. Newmoon day in Adi. 4. Arudhra in Margazhi. BI [_ 8. Sura Samha.ram in Ippasi. edl 4. .U t t·ll'8Dl In. panguru. . Abou~ 10,000 devotees attend these festival •. bU2 . -'Stibout two lakhs of devotees attend these feetinla. The temple i& managed by a Board of fiys tr~. 6d~ -jIll ~.B all 1e1Uff PART II CENSUS TABLES (These include General Population, Economic, Household Economic, Social, Cultural and other special Tables) GENERAL POPULATION TABLES (A-SERIES) A-I-AREA, HOUSES AND POPULATION FLY LEAF rhis is the basic population table. It presents data for taluks, town-groups and towns . by rural urban break-up regarding the area in square miles and square km. ; density per square mile; number of inhabited a.nd uninhabited villages and towns; number of oocupied residential houses and population by sex. Urban area.-In 1961, a more precise definition of urban area was attempted. All municipalities, cantonments and townships were deemed to ha.ve urban characteristics and declared as towns. For other area.s, three tests were applied. (1) The population of the area shQuld be not less than 5,000, (2) Seventy-five per cent of the male population should depend on non-agricultural resources fol' their livelihood; and (3) There should be a density of 1,000 persons per square mile. All places which satisfied these three oonditions were declared as urban. All those places which satisfied two of the three oonditions enumerated above and whioh in the opinion of the Collector of the district had urban characteristics were also declared as urban. This applied chiefly to newly founded industrial areas, large housing settlements, places of tourist importanoe with all civio amenities, areas surrounding the municipal or cantonment limits but outside their jurisdiction and having definite urban features. The change in the concept of urban areas has resulted in the inclusion of the following new towns in this district:- Population. ~-- .~ Taluk Name of new urban area Class 1951 1961 (3) (i) (1) (2) (6) n 80,023 Pollachi .. Va.lparai 62,064 m 22,766 Erode Erode Non-MuDici. 16,526 pal 23,207 Coimbatore U ppilipala yam .. m 15,498 IV Do Ganapathi 14,176 8,780 IV Do Madukkarai 12,488 9,465 IV 11,649 Avanashi Karamadai 8,226 V 8,31:16 Pallada.m VelampaJayam' .. 6,485 V Bhavani Bhavani (Thotti. 6,853 6,026 palayam) V 6,714 Erode Brahmana.-Periya 5,868 Agra.haram V Coimbatore Thondamuthur .. 5,400 5,624 Gopicbettipruayam •. Thoppampalayam. VI 3,913 5,665 Bhavanisagar .. VI 2,984 31,364 Do - The following statement shows the progress in the number of towns since 1901:- 1931 1921 1961 195) 1941 1911 1901 (3) (4) (6) (6) (1) (2) (7) 12 34 22 19 12 12 8 C-ll 82 Village-The statement below shows the number of inhabited villages from 1901 to 1961. The figures are presented in those censuses and no adjustments have been made for the chaRges in jurisdiction. 11161 11151 1941 1931 1921 1911 1901 (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) (7) 897 995 1,080 1,103 1,0{I6 1,337 1,435 The following statement shows the number of persons per occupied Census h8use, number of females per 1,000 males, percentage oC rural and urban popula.tion to totaJ population and density per square mile talukwise:- DiAtrlet/Taluk P81'801l8 per OCcupied census hoUSe Num.ber of Females per 1,000 males _...A._ __~ r---- r-- - -') T :R. U T R U (1) (2) (S) (n (5) (6) (7) Coimbatore Districl;- 5'32 5'08 6'03 966 981 930 1 Bha.vani Taluk 4'98 4'96 5-21 965 966 946 2 Gopiehettipalayam 5'O! 4'98 5'52 987 991 957 Taluk 3 Erode Ta.luk 5'04 4'74 6'73 973 977 958 4 Dharapuram Taluk. 4'85 4'76 6'16 996 993 1,029 5 Palladarn Taluk •• 5-91 5-61 6'91 985 l,OUI 945 6 Avanashi Taluk .. 5'35 /)'21 5-87 970 973 ·959 7 Coimbatore Taluk ,. 5'76 5-52 5:93 914 937 899 8 Pollachi Taluk 5'47 fi'29 5'73 973 997 940 9 Udumalpet Taluk _, 5-16 5'01 6-40 996 997 983 Percentage or rural and urban Oell8ity per square mUe populaUon to total populatIon. ,....--- r------"'"I T R U T .B. U (8, (9) (10) (11) (12) (18) Coimbatore District- 100'00 70'99 29'01 590 445 2,906 1 Bhavani 1'aluk -, 100'00 91-00 9-00 441 407 2,871 2 Gopiohettipalayam 100'00 86-79 13'21 356 316 2,072 Taluk • 3 Erode Ta.luk 100'00 79'82 20'18 853 705 5.147 4: Dharapuram Taluk. 100'00 91'8S S'12 382 352 13,655 5 Pa1le.dsm Taluk .. 100-00 72-41 27'59 668 507 3,969 6 Avanashi Taluk .. 100'00 77'40 22-60 600 488 2,750 'I Ooimbatore Taluk .. 10O-0() 39'25 60'70 1,382 616 7,041 a PoUaohi Taluk 100'00 57-89 42'11 603 470 985 9 Udumalpet Truuk •• 100'00 87'l6 12'84 398 348 10.,gg 83 o<.c" t-- C'l lie-i....i ~. ~ ~ ~,.., ... ~ ...... ,.., .... co I:¢ 0 '" " ...... 00 I ~ •• . , , ...... dl dl' • . . . ~ e'lC'I .. . . 00 .... 0-4 1\ < IQOlO -.jt.,j!o -.jt ...... 0 Il'l ee'l-.jt J':l Cq~6 blo~ It) ':"'~Iil 0 lil.co oo<.cll'l lOOlQ .c ""'0 lb .... " : I C-llA 84 IQ .IQ .... e:r ,...... ""' .... . . . .. M~ •• O'l (j) oQ 0 ~~<:'I <:D ".Ii If)0 '!II IJ:I r-. t-o el Cl <:D IiQ It; >0 10 O'l . . -~d ,..., ':il~ 0 _8E-I e .b:i ...,-.. .b:i ~ c~ ...... ;:) ..... ~ &* p; APPENDIX '1 TO TABLE A-1 I " Statement showing 1951 Territorial units constituting the present set up of Madras State (Only those names/ar€IJ8 which have undergone changes since 1951lt.ave been shown below) Detailli of gain in territories· Details of 10s8 in territories Gain + .-- r------~ ----~ L058- Districtltaluk 1951 Territorial Area In Area in Brief Area in Area in Net area unit!! Brief square square description squa.re squat!! square miles :re description miles kilometres miles kilometres metres {l) (2) (3) (4) (a) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Coimbe.tore CoimbaWre Kollegal taluk 1,075'7 2,786'1 -1,075'7 - 2,786'1 district district transferred to MysOre diet· rict of Mysore State SUB-APPENDIX TO APPENDIX I OF TABLE A-I Sub-appendix showing the areas for 1951 and 1961f01 tho8e municipal towns which have undergone ckanges in area since 1951 Oensus Na.me of Area in square miles District municipal ..... :B.emarks town 1951 1961 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Coimbatore " .. TirUppur 4'61 10'50 The change is due to jurisdictional change as well as computational error. Correct area for 1951 is 5' 50 square miles. Coimbatore .. 7'07 8'86 Computational error, APPENDIX II TO TABLE A-I Number of villages with a population of 5,000 and over and towns witlt a population under 5,000 Villages witb a llO[lulation of Tuwns with a POplllation 5,O()O and over Iluder 5 (IOu StatelDistrict/Taluk ,-----~~------~ Percentage P,rcentage :NTlmber POllulation or tot&! rural Number Population of total urban population popUlation (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 7) 36 MADRAS STATE " 545 4,397,768 17'82 109,976 1'22 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 119 843,153 3'41 2 6,897 0,'08 17 140,714 0'57 Bhavsui Taluk " " Gopichettipalayam Taluk :n 143,829 0'58 2 6,897 0'08 20 128,431 0'52 Erode Taluk " Dharapuram Taluk 19 139,221 0'56 " .. Palladam Taluk 7 49,765 0-20 .;. Avamtshi Taluk 6 38,618 0'16 .. Coimb"tore Taluk 16 119,054 0'48 I:, Pollachi Taluk ,; 7 43,971 0'18 .. Udumolpet Truuk (j 3~,550 0'16 •• 86 APPENDIX III TO TABLE A·I Houst-less and Institutional population Total Houscless A-popula.tion___- __~ r ______,...... _____IllIItltutlonaJ ..A.._ population ..... ~ __ ~ BtaOO/Distriet/TIIIUk Rural Urban Persons Males Females l'erspus Males Females (1) (2) (3) (') (5) (6) (7) (8) MADRAS STATE " " T 60,352 37,537 22,815 196,891 137,386 59,005 R 26,928 14,578 12,350 46,239 33,993 12,246 u 83,424 22,959 10,465 150,152 103,893 46,759 T OOIMBATORE DISTRICT " 6,370 3,945 2,425 18,318 14,405 3,913 R 2,763 1,445 1,318 5,872 5,407 465 U 8,607 2,500 1,107 12,446 8,998 3,448 1 Bhavani Taluk " " r 28 19 9 170 170 R 24 16 S 78 78 U 4 3 I 92 92 2 GopichettipB)ayam Taluk .. T 281 136 145 982 792 190 R 281 136 145 121 70 51 U 861 722 139 3 Erode Taluk ... .. r 1,363 749 614 2,452 1,433 1,019 R 911 489 422 581 303 278- U 452 260 192 1,871 1,130 741 4 Dhatapuram Talul' '" T 847 449 398 1,049 557 492 R 774 403 371 287 263 24 U 73 46 27 762 294 468 I) Palladam Taluk .. II T 446 282 164 1,582 1,471 III R 158 87 71 816 778 38 U 288 195 93 766 693 73 6 AVlIonashi Truuk .. T 875 566 309 582 570 12 R 27 16 11 6 4: 2 U 848 550 298 576 1i66 10 7 Coimba.tore Taluk •• .:, T 1,880 1,412 468 10,744 8,948 1,796 R 16 11 Ii {3,583 3,522 61 U 1,864 1,401 463 7,161 5,426 1,735 8 PollllChi Ta-Ink ... T 433 219 214 266 260 6 R 404 201 203 244 238 6 U 29 18 11 22 22 9 Udumalpet Taluk " OJ. T 217 113 104 491 204 287 R 168 86 82 156 151 {) lJ 'Q 27 22 335 53 212. · A·II VARIATION IN POPULATION DURING SIXTY YEARS FLY LEAF A·II table presents data on population of the district for the seven censuses from 1901~1961 and variation of population during this period. , The deletion of Kollegal taluk with an area of 1)075'7 square miles under the States ReorganiSation Act of:l966 has made it necessary to have some adjustments to bring the 1961 Census population of the district to the jurisdiction of the district as at 1961 Census, The statement inset here will show these adjustments. Area in 1961 Arn In 19[11 1951 Populat on ,.._ _.A.~ __., .A. 1961 ,-.----.-'- --"'\ ~ Net Square Square Populaiion Square Square According to Adjusted to Increase + ;uiles kilometres miles kilometres 1951 1961 decl'&II8!l- jurisdiction jurisdiction (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 6,024'6 15,603'7 3,55i,471 7,100'3 .1.8,389'8 3,293,204 3,154,296 -138,90& (-1,075'7) (-.2,786'1) 1-138,908) 88 A-II VARIATION IN POPULATION DURING SIXTY YEARS Percentage District Year Persons Ddcade decade Males Females variation variation (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Coimbatore district .. 1901 1,844,404 908,593 935,SIl 1911 1,976,049 +131,645 t 7'14 974,724 1,001,325 1921 2,100,727 +124,678 t 6'31 1,046,597 1,054,130 1931 2,339,807 +239,080 tll'38 1,165,591 1,1741216 1941 2,691,057 +351,250 t15'OI 1,34:9,293 1,341,764 1951 3,154,296 +463,23!l t17'21 1,583,004 1,571,292 1961 3,557,471 +403,175 +12'78 1,809,591 1,747,880 A-III VILLAGES CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION FLY LEAF , Thif:l table presents rural population of the district classified hy the size of villages in which they live, For this purpose the inhabited villages in the district have been classed into seven groups according to the size 0 r their population. These groups are 'villages with a population of i Less th&n 200 200 499 2,000 4,999 500 999 5,000 9,999 1,000 1,999 10,000 and above The total number of inhabited villages in the district is 987 and a rural population of 2,525,302 persons are found to live in these villages. The average village population of the district is 2,815. The same for taluks are given below in descending order;- Persons PM' PerIODS per Talllk Inhabited Taluk inhabited village village Bhavani 4,336 Palladam ... 2,776 Coimbatore ,. 3,822 Udumalpet •• 2,211 Dharapufam 3,657 Erode 2,207 Gopichettipalaytml 3,232 Pollachi 1,978 Avanashi .. 2,861 The number of villages with less than 200 persons are found to be uniformly low in all taluks. The maximum number of such villages noticed is seven (7) in Avanashi taluk. Bhavani and Dharapuram taluks do not have any village of this size. The number of villages with a population of 10,000 and above is also very small. Dharapur~m taluk ranks foremost with four such villages while Udumalpet, -Avanalhi and Erode do not have even one village coming under this category. Majority of the rural population in the district are found to live in villages of 2,000 and less than 5,000 category. The number of such villages total to 395 in the district of which 61 are in Palladam taluk and 60 in Erode. Bhavani has only 21 villages belonging to this group. Villages of 1,000 and less than 2,000 population size is next in importance and their number is 213 in the district. Fifty-one villages of this category are found in Pollachi while Coimbatore has only 5 under this category. Considering the percentage of rural population living in these villages we will find that villages of 2,000 and less than 5,000 size are most important for 50'66 per cent of total rural population are found to live in these villages. The percentage of persons living in villages with population of 5,000 and less than 10,000 is 27'87 while the popUlation living 0-12 90 in villages with population 1,000 to 2,999 is 12'38 per cont. The statement bolow will show the percenta.ge of rural population living in vil1age~ of various population sizes in the district. Villages with population --A.-_ r------~ Less 200· 500- 1,000- 2,000 5,000- 10,000 and Di.trlct1Taluk than 200 500 1,000 2,000 5,000 10,000 ahove (1) (2} (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (lOIMBATORE DISTRICT,. 0'12 0'53 2'92 12'38 50'66 27'87 5'52 ., 1'28 7'37 30,11 42,71 18'53 Bhav.. ni Taluk " Gopiobettipalayam TaJuk. 0'16 0'29 1'94 9'95 46'46 37'87 3'33· Erode Taluk 0']8 1'74 7'l3 12'02 47'4:7 Shl6 Dharapuram Taluk 11'36 8'20 43'01 31·5fi 14:'88 p .. ll&dam 1'aluk " 0'08 0'60 16'61 65'14 13'47 . 4'10 Avanashi Taluk .. 0'16 0'10 1'31 7'70 73'86 16'87 Coimbatore Taluk 0'21 0'43 0'54 2,75 54'54: 35'10 6'43 Pollaohi Taluk 0'19 0,78 5'32 28'77 47'16 13,49 4'29 Udumalpet Taluk , , 0'03 1'07 4'36 22,69 51'29 20,1)6 The percentage of population living in village of 10,000 or more than 10)000 popula.tion size is most conspiouous in two taluks in the district, They are Bhavani with 18'53 per.cent and Dharapuram with 14'88 per cent. The lowest is reoorded in Gopichetti palayam-3-33 per cent only. The table below will furnish information on the percentage of villages and popula tion classified by class of village during earlier Censuses, 1901-61 :- Villages wIth population r------~.A.·-_~ _____·__ .... Less than 500 500-1199 1,000-1,999 ".___.;...._~ ,----A.~ ,----....A--_-, ~ :3 ~ :s ~ "; Years ,g £ :§ 'es= 'ad 'a: >I ~.S: a;I to.S () 0 ~~ ~"J !f~ :Q fc~ f& ~~ i& ~it ~]. ()O ~... £0 S:;3 ~5'_ t"" ;)i>' til"" t..- rap. p, A.i P. .Q., ill (1) (3) (4) (5), (6) {7) 1901 4'74 2/}'57 13'01 24'95 24-87 1911 · . 26'25 4'86 25'43 12'85 24-98 24'63 16'33 2'46 20'53 8'27 27'74 22'33 1921 ·. " 1931 ·. ~l'()l 18'40 7'02 27',)6 20'52 HI41 ·. ·. 14'26 1'68 19'91 7'27 27'78 18'36 1951 10'45 1'08 13'07 24'82 - 7'69 0'65 11'26 23'75 1961 '" ·. Village with population ,---___~ ___-.A--._. ______...... , 2,000-4:,990 5,000-0.1199, 10,000 and above ,-.."-----, r-____..----.• ~ ,---_-.... _ ...... 'S '$ '0 3 '0 :So £ Z ~ Years. 'S§ 'O~ 'ar::lo S &~ ~::::i .',.. ~.!!! ~o 01$ ::f~ lHi ~1lIJ j:I t It is evident that there has been an appreciable decrease in the number of villages having a population of less than 500 from 1901 to 1961, the figures being:~ Percentage Percenta.ge Percentage Pelcentage of of of of villail) population village populbtion 1901 •• ... ., 26'27 4'74 1941 •• , . 14-26 1'68 1921 ,. H)'SS 2'46 1961 .n 7-69 0'05 A similar declining trend is noticeable even among the 5{)Q-WJ9 category also. The\percentage of villages has decreased from 25'57 in 1901 to 11'26 in 1961. Villages belonging to 2,000-4,999 populatIon size have sho'wn a steady increase. The figure~ for this group being :- P.re&iltage of Pereeuttlge of villages villages 1901 - 19'86 19H 35'46 1921 30'84 1961 44'03 A rather similar trBndis evident among the group 5,000-9,999. Their percentage has moved up from 3'28 in 1901 to 12'04 in 1961. This increlse is reflected even in the percentage of population. In respect of villages with a popUlation of 10,000 and . above, the figures through the decades are' :- Percintage Percentage Percentage PercentAge of of of of Village PopuJatiOD Village POPulation 1901 •• 0-07 0'52 1941 .. 0,09 0'82 1961 .. 1921 •• "'" 0'09 0'59 1'23 5'52 The figures indicate a spurtive increa.se during the period 1941-61. For purposes of study, sub-tota18 for villages and population grouped under four ranges, viz., less than 500; 50~1,999; 2,000·-4,999 and 5,000 and above are given below by taluks :- .... ViJla,es with 0 Total Population population .. (Lesl than..... 600) II) '_--~ _ ,t:J Dilltriot/Taluk a", "- Po:. 0", >It(> III ,..~ ~ ~ ,.... lila! OJ '"ell ,t:J,.... ~ i~ " .£ Sl 0'" t .,.,o! ~ ~~ ...., E'-I ~ "" 101 Z ~ (1) (2) (3) (4,) (5) (6) (7) COIMBATORE DISTRICT 897 2,525,302 1,274,800 1,250,502 69 16,560 Bha,vani taluk 53 229,787 I] 6,861 11 9.;926 GopichElttipaJayam taluk _. 108 349,086 )75,309 173,777 7 1,562 Erode ta1uk 185 408,268 206,496 201,772 27 7,860 Dharapuram taluk 82 299,856 150,470 149.386 P&l1adam taluk 102 283,176 141,532 141,644 2 213 AvaIlll.shi ta.luk 80 228,876 116,012 112,864 S 581 Coimbatore faluk .. 715 286,1176 148,030 138,646 9 1,842 Pollachi taluk 125 247,213 123,80! 123,441 9 2,398 Udumalpet ta}uk 87 192,334 96,28i 96,046 7 2,104 C-12A 9~ VilJage3 with population ,-- ~ 5,000 and 500-1,999 2,0004,999 above .----'---~...... -_-A-~... ,-----"-~.....,... Dlatrict/Taluk 0 0", Os:! .. <1:1 IJl ..,,~ ! CD: ~ ,Q .... '" 0:1 ..o~ 0 0= ~~ '" S'" rIl S::::1 i ;:t~ .. ;:I~ .... 6"";:t~ CD <1:1'" ~ IZi Jl.j :z; Jl.j Z Ilo! (e) (9) ( 10) (11) (12) (13) () OIMBATORE DISTRICT 314 326,324 395 1,279,265 119 848,158 Bhavani ta.1uk II Ui 19,884 21 69,189 17 l'Ot714 Gopichettipalayam ta.luk •• 32 41,505 48 162,190 21 143,829 Erode taluk .. .. 78 18,159 60 193,818 20 128,431 Dharal-uram taJuk 25 31,676 38 129,959 19 139,221 pa.lla-da.m truuk 32 48,741 61 184,4i7 7 49,765 A l'anBlhi truuk 15 20,620 51 169,057 6 38,618 Coimbatore t.luk .. 7 9,429 43 156,351 16 U9,054: PoUachi taluk 69 8£,287 40 11&,587 '1 43,971 IJdumlllpet ta}uk 41 52,023 33 98.6li7 6 39.550 93 A·I1I VIL~AGE~ CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION I. Villages with Jess than 2,000 Population -_"'- -. LfSS tb&n 200 State/District! Total number r- ______Total Rural.A._ PopnlaMoD Number Taluk (If inbabi ted ---. ,.- villallel Persons Maler Females Population ,....- "'_---. Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) MADRAS STATE .. 14,124 24,696,425 • 12,831,586 12,364.839 786 41.169 40,281 COIMBATORE DISTRICT .. 897 . 2.525,802 1.274,800 1,250,502 30 1,567 1,442 Bha.vani taluk 53 22','787 116,861 112,926 Gopiche~tipBrlayaDl taluk lOS 349,086 175,309 173.777 4 293 2'73 Erode to.luk ,',- IS5 408,268 206,496 201,772 6 366 385 DharapuraIb taluk 82 299,856 . 150.470 U9,a&6 PaUadam taluk .. 102 283,176 141,532 141,844 2 155 58 AV!lnasbi taluk .. 80 228,876 116,012 112,864 7 180 178 Coimba,tore taluk .• 75 288,676 148,030 138,616 6 310 291 Pollachi taluk 125 247,243 123,802 123,441 4 236 233 Udumaipet taluk 87 192,33~ 96,288 96.046 27 24: I. Villtgea with less iban...... _ 2,000 Populll.tion-(coneld.) ,...-- ""l 200-499 500-999 1,000-1,999 State/District/ ..... _, .A. ,....-- "'" ~--~-.... -----.... Taloll ""Number Populiition Number PopuJat.ion Number PopulatlOIl ,....- --. .... r----""------, Malts Females Ma1~8 Femal~ Males Fell&l_ (0) (10) (11) (12) (18) (1') (Hi) (16) (17) MADIlAS STATE .. 1.267 224,841 225.644 3,216 1,208,850 1.220,881 4.771 3,403,868 3,484,448 COIl'llBATORE DISTRIOT •• 89 6,769 6,782 101 36,962 36.784 218 156,823 165,805 Bha va.ni truuk •• 4 1,510 1.431 11 8,603 8,340 Gopichettipalayam taluk. 3 499 487 9 3,318 3,455 23 17,483 17,249 Erode t$luk 21 3,583 3,626 42 14,589 14,512 a6 24,620 24,438 Dha.rapuram taluk 9 3,513 3,579 16 12,402 12,182 Palla.dam ta.luk .. 2 835 S6t 30 23,357 23,686 Avanashi taluk .. 1 108 115 4, 1,578 1,429 11 8,940 8,673 CQimbu.tore ta.luk 3 628 618 2 767 784 5 3,972 3,906 Pollacbi taluk 5 930 99~ 18 6,615 6,512 51 35,755 35,336 Udumalpet taluk •• 6 1,0.16 1,027 11 4,237 4,148 Sf) 21,691 21,g47 ,.. II V!llag.s with a popDlatl()n of ~,OOO-9,ij99 m. Villages wltb II pOpulatJOI 2,OO(J-4,999 """ 6,000-9,999 "'" of 10,000 and above J- A r -. ,..- "I f'"" ...... , State/T)lst.riotJ .Number Popula.tion Nnmber Population. Kumbel PoPulation Taluk .. r---- .--__...--~ Ma.les rem ales Kale! l!'ema.' el '" Males -J!'emaleg (lS) (H)) (20) (21) (22) (23) (2') (25) (26) MADRAS STATE .. 3,539 5,238,493 5,261,787 449 1.456,258 1,440,703 96 759,112 741,695 COIMBATORE DISTRICT .• 395 645,293 633,972 108 356,234 347,440 11 71.152 68,827 Bhavani taluk 21 35,108 34,081 14: 49,936 48,193 3 21,704 20,881 Gopichettipalaya.m taluk 48 SI,521 80,669 20 66,411 65,788 - 5,784 5,846 Erode taluk 60 98,198 95,620 20 65.140 63,291 Dhar3puram taluk 38 64,629 64,330 15 <1,7,305 47,290 4 22,621 22,005 Pa.lladam taluk .. 61 92,099 92,358 6 19,202 18,955 1 5,884 5,724 Av.nashi taluk .. 51 85,437 83,620 6 19,769 18,849 ., Coimba.to~ taluk •• 4:3 80,737 70,614 15 51,706 48,930 9,915 8,003 F.llaohi taluk 4,0 58,245 58,342 6 16,777 16,liS2 5,144 5 U. Udumlapet taluk •• .. 33 49,319 49,338 6 19,988 111,512 • • "" .. A.IV-TOWNS (AND TOWN.GROUPS) CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION WITH VARIATION SINCE 1941 FLY LEAF This table presents data on towns and town-groups in the district classified according to their population. This also gives jnformation on population of these towns/town~ groups and their variation during the last three Censuses, 1941-61. The concept of town-group has been newly introduced during this Census. Towns which are either contiguous or near each other having separate legally constituted civic administration like Municipality, Panchayat, Cantonment or a Township have been grouped together to form a town~group which will serve· as a unit for statistical purposes. Three such town-groups exist in the district and they are the Bhavani Town-group, the Kurich, Town-group and the Anamalai Town-group_ These towns and town-groups have been grouped into six classes according to their population as shown below :- Clas~ Population Cl"ss Population I lO(),OOO and above IV 10,000 to 19,999 II 50,000 to 99,999 V 5,000 to 9,999 III 20,000 to 49,999 VI Up to 5,000 I ncrease in the number of :f.1owns.-The number of towns excluding town-groups has gone up considerably when compared to the position in 1941 or even in 1951. The total number of towns under all cla.sses was only 19 in 194:1 but this was recorded to be 34: durin~ 1961. It would be more useful to see the inorease in the population livjng In these towns. The percentage of population in towns (excluding town-groups) to total district popUlation is given below:- Year Percentage 1961 .. 29·01 1951 •• 20'II 1941 ... 14·96 It is evident from the above figures that there has boen a gradual but quite definite increase in the population in these towns. Ohanges in the classification of Towns.-With the passage. of time and increase in population changes have oocurred in the classification of towns and town-groups .. These cha.n.ges are represented below in terms of number of towns and town-groups under each olass of towns during the period 1941-61 :- 11161 1961 11141 ,----__.___--, ,...-----"----'-'-- ., ';;'0 3'8 ~~ oll! :iii001 .... ., ... ", = I=: ~~ oil: o~ ... <;> '" ..., 0 OJ 00" E-iA (;.tCo ... E-t go ..... ::J ..... ~ 41)08 ¢log ;J]aSS of Townl ~",bIJ tJIl ... bIJ &'i~ .... ~d)' Town-Iilroup ~.oe"'". tJ ~.oR ~ .s '"&lR - '" ms~ ,Q R,I:IJ!: '" ~so "pO 13 GI3Q ~§(;.t a lP=E-I r= ~~Eo< iIi!; Pot ~ Pi Ii!; p.;R (3) (4) (5) (6) (1) (2) (7) 7'41 1 5-56 1 6'25 I ., -- 2 . . .. 4 14'8.2 3 16-67 n 25-92 6 33'33 5 UI 7 31'25 4 22'22 4 IV .. -.. 5 18-5.2 25-00 7 25-92 4, 22'22 6 37-50 V _. .. 2 7'41 VI .. -.- Total .. 27 100'00 18 100'00 16 100'00 --.~ 95I The same data for towns exc]uding'townegroups IS given beluw a.nd a detailed statement showing the changes in the classification of towns/town-groups is appended .separa tely :- l{Hil· 1951 . 1941 ,.----...... ___---; """,,--""""'__'-_--, ,-----'-_-., ~ ...~ d 0 ...0 .....,;.:n ., SOl "'", .:l = OJ oJ!l: '">l !t ~ "'0 0° OS: -->Jo~ '"~ ...... E 0 0 0) ""...... , ..... 1>1'0 ,,0""' ",0""" Class of towns 0 ..... Total 34 100'00 22 100'00 19 100'00 . Percentage of population in each cla.ss to total urban population-The percentage of population in each class of town (excluding town-groups) has undergori9 considerable variation since 1941. The percentage of population in Class II town8 or towns with a population of 50,000 to 99,999 is most remarkable. During 1941, there existed no town belonglng to this ca tegory at all. In spite of the fact that only four towns of this grade exist in the district nearly 28 per cent of the total urban population is found conCBnt . rated under the group. Though the number of towns ill Class III has been on the increase there has been a, decrease in the percentage of urban population living in these towns. This is evident from the table below. The percentage of urban population living in Class I, Class IV and Class V towns does not show any consistent trend either for increase or decrease. 1951 recorded a higher percentage in the case of the first two groups while in the' case of the last, there was a remarkable decrease in the percentage. On the other haJld, the 1961 Census has recorded a. reverse change in these cases. Class I and Cla.ss III towns recorded a decrease in the percentage of their population to total urban population of the district but Clas8 IV towns recorded an increase when oompa.red to their position in 1951 :- HIlS 1 ,..... ____1951.A. ___ , 1941 ,..-___.A._-----, r----_.I...-___-.. '~ '~ .$.0 '~ .$2 ::l.c .:$~ =go:!.. ",'" "'.0 0=P, ~, 5'3' '" IJ._ :;I'" .:I A I: eo: ~-I~ .... ~ ..... 03 ....~ 00;:: 0 0"- ~ 0 0 - ... 0- ...., 0:;1 v "'0.... '- Q,) +).:3 ,~ Clase of towns '0 0 0 <\0"'0 "'"0'" _5_.;,,....!:l)o~ ~o:;: .s~..'! ~ ... ~ Q,l >=!j:lP 'll ~+>A .c ~:;I ;. ""00. ,Q §~!. S ~Ig ~ 0._ 8. s :;I 8- :::l e:l ,,'" ~"'" Q)~~& Z p.. Z ;l< Z p., (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) I .. 1 27'7 I 31'2 1 32'4 II , 4 27'9 2 17'3 III 8 21'1 6 26'4 4 :m'4 IV II 16'3 9 19-7 6 :::2" V .. 8 6'4 . 4 5'4 8 15'S VI 2 0'6 Total 34 100'00 2~ 100'00 19 100'00 96 Density of population per square mile in different claases oj towna-The d6D.Sity of population per square mile is notiood to be qUite heavy in Class I towns and also in towns of HI category. In towns of popula.tion Up to 5,000 the density is very mea.gre. It is ai low as 951 per square mile while in Class I town it is recorded to be 32,314 per square mile. The following statement will give density per square mile/square kilometre under various classes of towns during 1961 ;- Density per Density per Class of town square mile square kilo _ motre (1 ) (2) (3) I .. o 0 32,314 12,475 II 1,702 6S7 nI 5,635 2,176 IV •• 00 o • 1,986 167 V 1,414 546 VI 951 344 Ohanges in ·fhe cla88ijication of TOWMfTown.group8 during 1941-61 Class of Town T.wn! statu~ ~-~ Tow-group of Town 1961 1951- 194.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Bhav&Ili Taluk~ Bhava.ni Town-group III IV V Bnavlolli 00 P IV IT V Bha,vtmi (Tottipala.yam) P V Gopiohettipalayam Taluk- p Satyamangruam IV IV V Thoppampale.yam P VI ·.. ~.~ Bhalltnisagar • 0 T VI ·. Gopichettipalayam .. M III III IV Erode Taluk- Bl'ahnla.na-Periya Agra.ha.ram P V ,y. Erode _- M II II III ErOde Non·M.unicipal. . N.P. III ... • 0 Dha.rapurlWl Taluk- Dharo.puram M lil m In Palladanl Taluk- Velarnpalayam o. P V ·. Tiruppur, 0 M II II In p Sulur V V V p PaIIadam .0 V V V Avana.shi Taluk- Mettupalayam o. M III nI IV Kal'QIIladai P IV 10 p Annur 00 .. V V o. p Avansshi .. V V V 97 Ohanges 'n the clals;J,()(,Jlion. 6/ TOW7N/Totlm-groupa during 1941-61-concld. { ClaM of Town Towill 8taiua ,.. __-_4 TOWD-rr0UII If Ton 1961 1961 IM1 (1) (', (3) (4) (IS) Coimbe.tore Taluk- Kurichi Town-group .. o • I II m 8.inganallur • • ... ~ III IV JV , Uppilipalayam .0 .. .. P III .. Kaniamuthur .. o. .. P IV IV y Kurichi .. P III In IV' Vol1~ur .. • • •• P' IV IV T lD.d~i N;P. IV \P"~u o_. p IV IV V Ganapt,thi 4;'. - l? IV Ooimbatora •• ,.- K I I r 'rhOQclamuthur .'.. .'" ... p v Pou.chi Taluk- Pollaohi •• m ,. II m ill Anamal.i Townoaroap •• m m ._, AIlAlIAIf'i - - p a IV - Vet~pudur u, 'p IV IV • Kottur ~. - P IV IV If Vilpariti ... .,. - P II - - Ud1ilD&lpet Taluk- Udumalpet .. III W If O-l~ 18 ~A. IV-TOWNS (AID TOWN.GROUPS) CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1961 WITH VARIATION SINCE 1941 PUeenkge it&\e/Dbtrlct/'folfD.·group/TowlI 3"'u.;of Y,ar PenoDs Decade dlcllds Kales I'".ales Ton variation variaUOIl (1) (I) (S) (') (6) {41 (7) (8) ALL CLASSES MADRAS STATE - - - .. 1941 5,173,682 2,598 742 2,574,940 (2,016'2 Sq. Miles; 5,22l-9 Sq. Kill.) 1951 7.883,525 +2,159,8'8 + 41-75 8,892,907 3,640.618 1961 8,990,528 +1,657.003 + 22'59 4,579,392 4,rl.11,136 COIIlBATORE DISTRI CLASS 1 (100,000 and over) .ADRAS STATE .. 1941 1,647,t33 847,499 799,634 (184"18 Sq, Miles; 4:77·03 Sq. Km.) 1951 2,764,481 +1,117,848 + 87'84 1,482,445 1,842,086 1961 3,716.114 + 951,888 + 34'42 1.928.646 1,789.468 OOIIiBATOBE DISTRIOT .. 1941 180.348 87,651 62.697 (00'85 Sq, Miles; 131'71 Sq. Km.) 1951 197.755 + 87,407 + 51'71 104,815 98.140 1961 405.685 + 207,980 +105'15 911,991 192,694 ! Coimbfowre (!II) 1941 130,348 67,661 62,697 ." . ,\ (S·S6 sq. Miles. 22'95 Sq, Km.) 1951 197,755 + 87.~T + 51'71 ' 104.,'615 93,140 19tH 286,305 + 88,150 + 4-t'7S 151,901 134:,404 Kurichi T()Wll·group •• .. 194.1 44,,117 !2.4:lB 21.699 ('1'99 sq. Mi1el; 108'76 Sq. Km,) 1961 67,16S + 2',051 + 52'25 33,855 33,313 1961 119.380 + 62,112 + 77'73 61,000 68,210 (Q) KlUichi {Fl 1941 14.228 7.348 6,880 (6.50 Sq. MLes ; t 0'84 S'l. Km.) 1951 20,579 + 6,311. + 4:4,64 10,5tW~' 10,072 1'61 28.407 + 7,828 + 38'04- 14,627 13,780 ( b) Singana.llW' ., (P) 1941 13,230 6,828 6,402 (6'00 Sq. Milles 10'114: Sq. Km.) 1951 19,852 + 8,622 + 50'05 10,027 9,825 1961 24,6" + 4,822 + 2"29 12,703 11;971 (e) Uppilipalayam (P) 1961 23,207 11.998 11,209 (5'00 Sq, Miles; 12'96 Sq. Km.) (11) Klfouiamuthur (P) 194.1 6,843 3.4116 3,387 (10'00 ~q .. Hiles; 25'90 Sq, Km.) 1951 15,042 + 8,lQg +119'82 7,529 7,513 1961 1'1.327 + 2,285 + 16'19 8,702 8,625 (t) Vell&lur .. (P) 1941 9.B16 4:,786 5,030 (6'20 Sq. Miles; 16'08 Sq. Km.) 1951 11,695 + 1,879 + 19'14, 5,792 5,903 1961 13,277 + 1,512 + 13'&3 6,665 6,612 . (N,P) (I) Madukkarai .. Ig61 12,"8 6.396 6.0~3 (8'29 Sq. Mil~8 ; 2bl7 Sq. Km,) CLASS II (10,000 to 99,99g) MADRAS STATE t. 1941 681.364 315,091 316,273 (327'08 Sq.Milel; 8.7'17 Sq. Km,) 1961 922,473 + 291.109 + 46'U 459,705 462,768 1961 1,452,791 + 530,318 + 57'49 737,635 715,156 I A. IV-TOWNS (AID TOWN,GROUPS) CLASSIJlED BY POPULATION IN 1961 WITH VARIATION SIBOE 194t-cont. SLate/Dlatrict/'loWD'crOup/Town Percentlp . Yel' PerIODS Deeadl decade )(&Ie. Jim a I.. nl'iaUon nriatlon (1 ) (2) (8) (il (5) (til (1) (tl) CLASS II (50,000 to 999,999)--concld. OOI.BATORE DISTRICT .. , 1941 160'07 Sq. Miles; 437'89 Sq. Km,) 1951 177,223 90,156 87,0&7 t961 287.927 + 110,704 +8H7 148,858 139,074 Valparai " • • • • (P) 1961 80.023 .. 41,853 38,360 (1.50'00 Sq. MileS i 388'50 Sq. Km.} Tiruppur (K) II1B 33,099 ~'. " 16,903 16,lUG (l0'60 Sq. Miles; 27'20 Sq. Km,) 1951 52.4:79 + 19,380 + 58'55 26,926 26,653 1961 79,773 + 27,294 + 52'01 '1,287 38,'8$ Erode .. (M) 19'1 -&9,483 19.916 19,567 (3'22 Sq. Miles; 8-3, Sq. Km.) 1961 67,576 + 18,093 + (5'82 29,375 2',201 1961 73,762 + 16,186 + 28'H 37,890 31,872 PoUaohi •• (:ttl) 19U 25,198 12,390 12,808 (6-15 Sq. Miles; 13'85 Sq. Km.) 1961 41,'744 + 16,546 21,553 20,181 1961 t)4:,369 + 12,625 28,013 26,366 CLASS m (20,000 to 4:9.999) MADRAS STATE 1961 1,t24.597 661,US 568.444 (464'54: Sq. Miles; 1.201'l9 Sq. Km.) 1951 1,'126.105 + 601,508 + 53'49 864,081 861,. 1861 1,8~,631 + 117,528 + 8'S1 ' 925,022 918,808 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 1941 182,557 81,855 80,702 (39'39 Sq. Milos; 102,02 Sq.ltm.) 1951 170,688 + 8.181 + 500t 86.401 84,287 1961 189,401 + 18,718 + 10'98' 95,558 98.848 Mettupalayam (M) 1941 17,764- .. 9,002 8.762 (2'70 Sq. Miles; ~'U9 Sq. KIn,) 1951 27,516 + 9,152 + 5"90 11,0%3 13,&13 1961 36,.~6 + 8,980 of 3.2'64' 18,569 17,187 Udumalpet .. (M) 1~4:1 17,71)1 .-. 8,948 8,~1 (2'70 Sq. Milea ; G.U~ Sq. Km.) 1951 23,309 + 5,518 + 31'02 12,010 11,299 1961 .2',U5 + 1),038 + In'61 14,292 1',051 GopicheUip ....yam .. .. (M) 194:1 16,1'0 .-. 8,072 8,06' (2'90 Sq. MilH; 7'11 Sq. Ki:i:l.). 1951 80,15' + 14,21' 8';07 , + 16.280 15,07' 1801 21,00' 3,31i0 11'0' 13,678 18,331 Dharaput&ID. .. (M) llil ~,660 .. 10,228 lO,'3S (1'9' Sq. Milu; GoO! Sq. KIn.) 1951 2',163 3,503 + + 16'96 11,998 12.166 11)61 26,'90 ','117 ~63 + + 13,068 13,~.2 .Anam1Jai Town·Group 11151 23,602 .,. 11,537 12,06,) (10"0 Sq. Milee; JG'~4, Sq. KID.) Uftl 25,517 U8S 8''1 + + 12,&57 12,710 (0) V.ttr.ikaranpl.d.nr (P) HI51 11,25' 6,4t6 6,71' (4,'00 Sq. Miles; 10'36 Sq. Km.) 18.51 14:,515 1,261 9'61- + + 7,38. 7,13.2 (b I Anamalai .. f ••• (P) 1114:1 Declaslified. (6"0 Sq. :Miles; 16-58 Sq. Km..), USl 10,84:& 'c, li,""2 5,2811 1861 11,072 724. 7-0e." + + 5,474 0.... C -13 ... 100 A. IV-TOWlfS (AID TOn-GROUPS) CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1961 WITH VARIATION SIIfeE 1941-con'1 ItatUJ Percentage .tate/Distrlot/Town·lIroup/To"n of Yoar l'er~oDl Decade decade Males 'emale' IOWD variatloD T&riation (1) (I) (S) (') (6) (6) (7) (8) CLASS III (20,000 to 49.999)-concld. i 11,495 :Jrode Non.M'IlftteipaZ ro' (N.P.) 1961 ~2.716 11,271 (10'84 Sq. Miles ;,28-08 Sq. KIn.) 9,090 4:,74,1 4,34:9 Bhivani Town·Group • 0 .. 1941 12,183 3,04:3 33-48 6,235 (7'91 Sq. Miles ; 20'i9 Sq. Km.) 1951 + + 5,898 19151 22,713 + 10,510 + 8HO 11,669 11,0" 9,090 4,741 (a) Bhavani .. (P) Hl04:1 ',34:9 1951 12,133 3,00 33'48 6,235 5,898 (0-84: Sq. Milas j 2-18- Sq.- !{m.) + + 19&1 15,860 + 3,7i7 + aO'72 8,150 7,710 1961 6,861 ., a,519 3,33 • (b) Blaatlani (TholBpalayam) - (P) (7'07 Sq. Milas t 18·318q. Km.) CLASS IV (10,000 to 19,999) 1941 991,607 ~91,040 500,567 .ADRAS STATE • I - 1,122,559 +180.952 13'21- 551,852 (638'&2 Sq. Mils; 1,~28'60 Sq. Km.) 1951 + 57M07 1961 1,302,822 +180,263 + 16.06 652,549 650,273 69.746 31,821 COllBATORE DISTRICT 1941 31,421 54,533 8,213 1S'09 ' 27;S18 (48'80 Sq. Milas; 126'38 Sq. Km.) 1951 16,720 1961 83,360 + 28,827 + 34"58 _44,077 39,283 (P) 1941 Il,051 6,299 li,75a :I:ot.tUl' .. ,.. 14,4:35 3,384. 10'62 7,191 (16'SO Sq. Miles; 4-3'11 Sq. Km.) 1961 + + 7,244 1961 19,862 + 1i,4JT + 37'60 10,172 D,690 19'1 8,981 4,559 4,~22 SM.yamangaw.m (P) - 1951 14,018 6,037 ,56'0g- 7,069 -- 6,949 (15'00 Sq. Mile. ; 38.86 Sq.- KIll,) + + 11161 19,236 + 5,218 + 37'22 9,924 9,312 (P) 1941 8,297 4,298 3,999 Peelamedu •• .. - - 1951 l3,947 + 15,650- + 88'10 7,318 6,629 (2'50 Sq. ::MilM; 0'67 Sq. KIll.) 1961 18,437 + U90 + 32'19 W,OSI 8,356 .. , (P) 19&1 14,176 7,854 6,322 GanapcHM .. - " ("50 Sq. Miles j 11'66 Sq, Km.) (P) 19~1 11,649 6,046 5,803 KaramadG' .-. '" 1.1 - (10.00 Sq. Milea; 11i'90- Sq.~Km.) CLASS V (5,000 to 9,999) 1941 719,445 354,868 KADRAS STATE ., .. 88',577 - - 1951 696.941 - 2.2,504 3'13 845.723 (Ut'S8 Sq. Mile.; 886'50 Sq. Kill.) 8511218 1981 815.049 - 81,892 11-75 807.952 307,097 1941 46,968 .0 23,952 OOlM.SATORE DISTRIOT .• - 23,016 33,993 - 12,979 37;63 17,099 (39'45 Sq, Mil.; 102'lij Sq. Km.) 1951 16,894 1961 58,899 +" 24,906 + 73'27 29,783 29,136 (I) 1941 6,860 .. 3,422 3,U8 8.1or 1961 8,484 1.616 -_ 23'56 4,134 (1'10 Sq. Miles; 6·'S Sq. Km.) + + 4,830 IU61 9,~OS + 1,'39 + 17'00 4-,966 ',93' to! A. IV-TOWNS (AND TOWN.GROUiS) CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION IN 1961 WITH' V1\RIA ION SINCE 1941-concld, StatUi Ptrlonlao&e . i:hate/DIIVlat/Tuwn·grou.p/Town of TII&r PttIOOi Detadt deei.dft MalH ll'·):niW. lOYD .,arlaYIlIl VlrIa$lOJ' (1) (I) (~ (') (:,) 'Ill (Fl : 5) CLASS V (5,000 to 9,999)--cGflO'd. Palladam (P) 1941 7,654 '.88() 3.774. (7'50 Sq. MiI~.; 10'42 Sq. Km.) 1951 9,138 + 1,58', + 20'7U- 4.661 ,"577 1961 9,806 + 568 + 6'15 6,046 4.761 Avanashi .. (P) 19£1 6,096 " . 3.051 3.044 (4'00 Sq, Mile.; 10.36 Sq. Km.) 191)1 7,986 1,890 31'00 I , + + 4,.{"0 3,946 1961 9,796 + 1,810 + 2.2'66 4,99S 4,800 Annur * •• (P) 1961 8.l05 4,164. ',on (7·eo Sq. Miles- i 19'69 Sq. Km.) 1981 8,88' t 579 + -G'91 4,560 4.314 y,zampalaVClm (P) U6I 8,396 .. 4,173 4.223 (6'G8 Sq. Kiles; 11'30 Sq. Km,) Bra.maM.P$riyCl Agf"hal'Gm (P) 1961 MU .-. .'. 3,li8 •• 366 (&'00 Sq. Miles j 15-14 Sq. Km.) T'mdaM'd~ur (P) 1981 5,400 ... 2,675 .,721 (i'17 Sq. MiI.tI j 1S'39 Sq. Km.) CLA.SS VI (lOll tha.n 5,0(0) MADRAS STATE .. 1941 59,536 .:. .. . 29,091 80.445 (69-30 Sq. Milll!li 17g·~ Sq. Km.) 1951 100,916 + 41.430 + 69'59 .9,100 51,866 1961 60,121 - 40,845 40'45 29,588 30,533 COIMBATORE DISTRICT .• 1941 ._. (7'75 Sq. Miles; 20'06 Sq. Km.) 1951 ,. ... 1981 6.897 3,554 3,348 Thvppampalayam .. (P) H61 3,913 1,913 2.000 (5-50 Sq. Miles; 1"24 Sq. Km.) BhaiJfJnilaga,r (1') 1961 ' J,984. 1,641 1,348 (2-15 Sq, Vile. j H2 Sq. KID.) The following a.bbrevia.tions have been used to denote the statUi of a town ; M=Munlcipality P =Panch8yat N.P. =Non·Panchayat T"",Township *Towns·treated Ilr8 8uch for the first tim6 in 1951 and oontioued. l'oWDI treated as suoh for the .first time in 1981 are IIhown in italios &$ Uppilipalagam (P). GENERAL ECONOMIC TABLES (8. SERIES) COIMBATORE DISTRI'CT , 7 30 OCCUPATIONAL. STRUCTURE OF POPULATION WlTH MALE AND FEMALE DIVISIONS, 1961 SCALE fO 5 0 10 ./ 20 Mjles ___- t LW~~I__ -' iiiiiiiiiiiiiii! . Kilometres rn-1 I'D 2~ M~le (Female ·MYSORE 11,77 . VI V IX 10.95, . IV ! 0.54 VIII 0.01 ". III ., f'Irft~ 1I 2.78 VII o.e4 27 1.23 VI 0.28 I ~~~ 13.44 1.90 V 0.26 o 0 10 20 . P~rCE'nfBge I IIY .. BWAVANI ...... III . J ~ '''_ II SALEM 27.50 ',,"., "'.36 ,... I /30 2Q 10 0 !I. " 20 .... 'If.. ' ..• I... PercentagE i: .11.: ,.: ..". I Male :' if ill ."" .... iliMale 12.72 II···. .' IX 7.98 : : •• 9.27 " NILGIRIS 1.72 VIII 0.01 ',,/'~ ." 11 4 , VII 0.95 '. _" ." !, :.' VI 0.43 ··'i.. .:·:.4 _'. ,/':: .1,:" I...... :., • Y .... ,.. ,II' !II. ..,. I I ERODE .II,,:;,' . IV AVANASf.n III . II :.24.52 I ".30 20 10 0 • .' .,p t ' ••• ~ ... '" , ...... ' ercen dgf.', ·.111 ..... COIH,8ATORE .' ""I., DI-IARAPUAAM '.. M'&le IFemale . IX 8.69 VI 3,18 : IUS ~~ v IV . , III -. .' ;o1'lliI. 3,58: ,",:M~NI II 7.89 1.68 .:,17.91 I !"""""'-..., 9.4S 0.40 ..... 10 , " Pl!rcelltage..: 4.97 ": •• _ I." : I·: I .1I 1... I ' .....II 30 20 " :. _ Male 13.76 •• " •. " IX 0.86 VIII 0.01 KERALA POllACHI 0.98 female VI IX V REFERENCE IV 1.39 VIII 0.05 State Boundary VII 0.94 l1li '""" rn:'!I~'I['I " It'!("l'!~ 10.12; DlHrict Boundary .,.._f_._ VI 0.57 Taluk Boundary V 0.58 I •• , !I Ii • ,. .... IV 10 20 Perce/!!a!1e I Cultivator ~ III II Agricultural labollrers ~f'\"ItOI~ UIDUMALPET ! MADURAI II III Mining, Quarrymg & other Primilry Activities · ••.•• .• • ~f'ftC'ft I L. l IV Household Induslry 'II .) MlnufaulJring other than Hou~ehold .J VI Construct ion ~ VII Trade & Commerce VIII Transport Storage & Communications }. I no IX Other ServicE'S Reg, ND. 2.1 ~ E '64 (Saka E:ra 1886). Reproduced (rom Indentor'S Original. P. Z. p" C. S. 0., Madras, S. 105 B SERIES-ECONOMIC TABLES In these tables, the population has been divided into two broad divisions viz., workers' and non-workers based on productive activity and the workers have been classified into nine indmtrial categories based on the class of industry to which their economic activity relates. Industrial categories of workers . I. Oultivators-AIly person engaged in cultivation, supervision, or direction of cultivation of land, irrespective of the ownership of the land, comes under this category. ::But worken engaged in growing or keeping of orchards or plantations do not come under this category. II. Agricultural Labourer8-Any person who works on another's land for wages in caeh or kind without having any superVision or direotion in cuhtion, comes under tlilis category. m. Mining and Quarrying-Any person engaged in Milling, Quarrying, Livestock, Forestry Fishing, Hunting, Plantations, Orchards and other allied activities is included in this category. IV. Howehold IMu.stry-An industrial establishment is' taken as a Household Industry if it i! engaged in production, processing, servicing, repairing, etc., a.nd conducted l>y the head of the household himself a.nd/or by the members of the household at home or within the viIIa.ge in rural areas and only at home in urban area.s, employing below 20 persons in case power iI not nsed, and below 10 persons in case power is used, and a worker in this will come under lhis category. V. ManuJacturing""':A worker enga.ged. in any manufacturing industry, other than aD. Household Industry, is included in this category. VI. Oonst,uctitm--.AJl workers engaged in construction and main~ee of buildinge, ro~,. railways, telegraph and telephone lines, etc., come under this category. VII. Trade and Oommerce-Persons enga.ged in ret&~ 81 well ae 'Wholeeale irade and Commercial activities like banking, stocks and shares come under this category. VIll. Transport and Oommunicationa-This category covers all workers engaged in transport activities of any mode, and workers engaged in communication 8erviOOlJ like Posta. and Telegraph, Wireless, etc. IX. Othtr Semw-This cate.[ory includes workers in GJvernment eervices, educational. medical, . legal, business services, pe:r80nal services and community services. The general or lamal labourers who do not have any fixed place of work also come UIlder this category. B I-WORKERS AND NON.WORKERS CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BROAD AGE-GROUPS FLY LEAF This Ta.ble presents the data relating to total workers, workers in 6ttch industrial ca.tegory, and non-workers, sexwise, for four broad a.ge-groups of 0-14, 15-34, 35r59 and 60 and over, for the entire area of the district and for the rura.l and ur~n areas sep:1rately. Forty-eight per cent of the total population of this distriot afe workers, which proportion ranks third in the State. Eight per cent of the workers belong to the age group of 0-14 and 6 per cent to the age-group of 60 and over. The proportion of younger age~group workers is the second highest in the State. Among the 0-14 age group population one-tenth are 'workers. Among the working age-group population 72 ' per cent are workers. One-third of the fema.le population of this district which amouniie to one-third of the total working foroe of the district are workers. Among the total workers of tlle State in each category, this district has the highest proportion of workers in the categories of Mining a.nd Quarrying, Manufacturing and Construotion1 with 15'4 per cent, 17'2 per cent and 20 per cent, respeotively. Out of the total workers of this district,8'0 per cent are engaged in Manufaoturing, and in no other distriot, except Madras, more than 6 per cent of the workers &re engaged in the Meufaotnring Sector. 1(17 B I-WORKERS AND NOX-WQRKERS CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BROAD AGE·GROUPS Workers Tolal R.m.l Jge. I r ...... , I I A., F ...... Urba. group f'otal population Total workerl (I-IX) Per80nl MalM Females MaleJ3 Females ~l) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) T Total 3,557~471 1,809,591 1,747,880 1,126,640 585,794 0-14 1,307,44:5 659,770 647,675 78,901) 59,159 15-3~ 1,199,156 600,786 598,370 542,853 282,946 35-59 836,022 4.40,654 395,368 ~6,886 214,838- 60+ 214,741 108,313 106,428 77,952 28J83~ U.S. 107 68 39 '0 12 R •• Total 1,525,303 1,274,800 t,250,502 828,999 491,49! 0-14 910,277 '59,405 '50,872 69,048 li3,473 15-34 833,313 413,370 419,943 386,006 233,575 35-59 611,160 315,221 295,939 308,058 178,920- 60+ 170,449 86,739 83,710 65,850 25,513 A.N.S. 103 65 38 37 11 11" Total 1,032,169 534,'{91 497,878 297,641 94,80a 0-14 397,168 200.365 196,803 9,861 6,685 1&-34 365,843 187,416 178,427 156,847 '4:9,371 35-59 224,862 125,433 99,429 118,828- 35,91S 60+ 44,292 21,574 22,718 12,102 3,326 A.N.S. 4: I ,1 3 1 Wor7cerl---( contd.) I n m "- In Mining, Quarrying, !'tUJ Rural Ag&' A.a~ A..t A,r:iculttwal LiIJe8toclc, F'orutry, F'ilhing, U,btJ. group Labourer Hunting and PlantatioM, Orchards and allied actWitiu Mal" FernaU. Malu Ftmalu Malu Femalu (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) T - - Total 351,718 167,551 154,42'7 114,867 40,746 26,270 0-14: 18,268 11,461 21,614 13,032 8,991 6,355 15-34 146,628 76,579 nS19 56,513 17,077 14,605 35-59 147,740 70,644 47,507 40,196 13,376 6,01S 60+ 39,065 8,863 7,977 5,12B 1,302 298 A.N.S. 17 5 10 .. .. R Total 838.085 163,296 t42,463 107,228 18,47'» .7,491 0-14 17,820 11,267 20,497 12,418' 8,072 4,581 15-34 141.699 74.986 71,789 52,707 5,921 1,671 35--59 141,264 68,48~ ~,883 37,215 3,630 1,021 60+ 37,285 8,556 7,284, 4,888 849 211) A.N.S. 17 5 10 , . U - Total 13,638 4,256 11,* 7,&3& 22,27" 18,778 0-14 448 194 1,117 614- 919 774 15-34 4,92~ 1,593 5,530 3,808 11,156 12,932 35-59 6,4:76 2,162 ,,624 2,981 9,746 4,991 60+ 1,780 101 693 238 453 82 U.S. •• .. •• , . C-lu - - 108 B I-WORKERS AND NON· WORKERS CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BROAD AGE.GROUP3-(wndd.) Workera-(contd .) Potalllural Age- Urban group IV v- VI vn In ManufacturinJ At HousehOld other than In Gonstruction 1.. Trade and Industry Household Industry Oommerce flwooooio • , ~-.. Males .Females Males Femalea Males Female¥ Males. Femalu ( i4) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) 't Tot6l 100,250 82,743 125,358 20,583 31,602 10,316 77,286 15,021 0-14 10,519 12,899 3,719 801 1,446 1,154 1,898 24, 15-34- 52,742 41,892 74;873 10,860 16.186 5,584 36,165 8,786 .35-59 35.383 23,461 44,072 8,591 12,267 3,321 33,770 8,777 80+ 6,606 4,487 2,693 329 1,702 257 5,451 j,211 A.N.S, ... 4: 1 2 1 .. 2 .. Total S9.7OO 74,695 43,941 7,417 18,896 6,225 29,463 9,OM 0-1' 9,676 12,142 1,607 4:23 1.046 773 61i'1 HIli 15-3' ,",'46 37,380 27,170 4;248 9,509 3;443 12,518 2,231 3!Hjg 29,550 20,994- 14,153 2,599 7,180 1,865 13,480 6,173 60+ 5.72i 4,115 1,010 146 1,160 144 2.766 1,491 A.N.S. 4 1 1 1 1 WI t1 Total 15,550 8,048 81,417 1S,166 12,706 4,09i 47,8H 5,9&1 0-14 843 757 2,112 378 400 381 1,201 'lG 15-3£ 7,996 4,512 47,703 6,612 6,677 2,141 23~47 1,5U 35-69 6,833 2,467 29,919 5,992 6,087 1,456 . 20,299 3,60' 60+ 878 312 1,683 183 542 113 2,685 718 .A.N.S. 1 .,. - " 1 WorkerB-(concld. ) vm IX X 1fI, 'l'rafl,81Jort, Storage I fI, Other Service8 NMHDOr.~' ~oIalBural Age. and OommunicatioM 17rbcJn group Males Femalea Mak8 Femal611 MalM Fem. (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) 4f Total. 24,748 527 215,505 147,915 •• 682;951 1,162,086 ii 0-14 149 23 12,305 14,190 580,861 588,51& 15-34 12,202 326 109,661 72,802 07,933 315,424 35-59 11,727 166 81,044- 53,670 13,768 180,530 60+ 668 12 12,488 7,252 30,361 77,589 A..N.S. 2 'i 1 28 27 II .. Total 5,324 8'1 142,656 116,007 •• 445,801 759,010 0-14 « 11 9,589 11,693 390,357 397,399 15-34 2,485 34 70,169 56,873 27,364 186,368 3~9 2,662 . 21 53,356 41,550 7,163 117,019 60+ 231 1 9,537 5,890 . 20,889 58,199 A.N.S. 2 5 1 !8 27 U ... Total 19,424 460 72,849 31,908 237,130 403,076 0-14 105 12 2,716 2,497 190,504 191,117 15-34: 9,717 292 39,492 15,929 30,569 129,055 35-69 9,165 145 27,688 12,120 6,605 68,511 60+ 4:37 11 2,951 -_ 1,362 9,472 19,392 U.s. .,' .. .. 2 ... ·1 m-PART A-IJDUSTRIAL CLASSIfICATION or WORKERS AID NOI·WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY FLY LEAF This t&ble presents the level of literaoy am()ng eaoh category of worker and non .yorke: in the urban area. One-third of the male' workers and about 90 per cent of the female workers of this distriot Are illiterates. One-third of the workers in the State who are degree-holder ~ in Agrioulture, are found in Coimbatore distriot. (It is signifioan\ to note th&t tho only. College teaching this branch of Soience in this State is in this distriot. As " Cultivators" include those who a.re prima.rily engtltged in direction and supervision of cultivation aJao, the presenoe of figures in this oa.tegory in the eduo&tionallevels of teohnioal degree in Medicine, Teohnology and Teaohing is not unuau.l). 110 B III.-PART A-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON.WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY Worker .. Total population oJ Worker8 and I II Xon·wori:era A, Oultwator .AI Agricult'lM'al Labourer r-'~"""""'-'----' Peraona Malea Femalu Malu Femalu Malu Femalu 11) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) "7~ (8) 1 Total 1.032.169 534.791 497,378 18,633 4,356 11,9,e. 7,639 ! Dliterate .. 54.7.319 214,523 332.796 5,780 3,823 9,313 7,4.55 a Litera.te (without ed.IlQa. 264,925 172,107 92,818 5.115 304 ~,200 143 tionallE)vel). 4. Primary or Junior Basio 162,949 102.452 2.12. 120 430 4:l l) Matrioulation or Higher 4:9,069 38,759 54:7 9 21 Seoond&ry I Technioal Diploma not 979 2 equal to degree '1 Non·technical. DiploJll8i 161 8 .-,. not equal. to degree 8 University degree ~ 5,026 all 57 Post·graduat6 dep other than Technical degree i Technical degroo or 1,741 1,4:78 II Diploma equal to degree or Post·graduate degree til Engineering 4:96 495 1 (ti) Medicine •• 266 206 eo 1 .. (iii) Agriculture 211 107 4, ! (iv) Veterinary and 27 27 dairying (v) Technology 28 28 1 .. (vi) Teaching • • • • 710 612 Igg 4: .... lvii) Othen .. 3 3 Worker#-{contd) III IV V VI 1ft, Mining, Q?UJ.f'f'!rif!9, .A, Household Indtutry It'! ManuJacturirlf IftO~ LitIutoo1c, ForeBlhy, other than Howe. Fishing, Hurtling and hold Induswy J~level.t Planl I' B m-PART A-INDUSTRIAL OLASSIFICt\.TION' OF WORKERS AND NON·WORKERS BY IDUOATIONAL " LEVELS IN 'URBAN AREAS ONLY-COl&cla. Worker8-(oontd.) VII VIII IX In Prade and Oomm6rce In Transport Storage In Oth6r Seruicu and Oommunications r--'-_,__---- ,-----'----"'\ Males Femalu! Ma1e8 Femal68 Malu Females Malu Femalu (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) 1 Total 47,834 5,955 19,424 460 72,849 31,908 287,150 "'03,07& ! llliterate .. G,BS? 6,128 5,051 260 26,586 25,502 119,008 252,53' a Literate (witho\l~ eduoa 19,364 691 6,241) « 20,336 1,879 83,285 &5,331 tiona.llevel) 4: Primary or Junior B~ 13,580 4,873 14: 12,792 2,276 06,630 5 Matriculation or Higher 7,133 2,996 138 9,946 1.858 S,lla Secondary ~ Technice.l Diploma nQ, .. 15 298 32 250 equal to degree , 7 Non-technical Diploma .. s 1 78 7 1 not equal to degree :8 University degree or 83~ 1,843 117 Post-graduate degree other tha.n Technical degree t Technical degree or diploma. equa{ to degree .. 11 1 972 237 238 or,Post-graduate degrao (i) Engineering •• 20 ... 5 .. 202 1 109 (ii) Medioins.. _ 1 ... IS I 1'12 54 !2 -4 (iii) Agriculture .. 4 .. •• 119 .1 57 3 (iv) Veterinart IDd '0 •• 23 2 .. dairying~ - (v) Technology _ •• ...... 5 •• .. (.i) Teaching.. _ • •• .. 430 181 (.0) Othen.. _ ...... 1 - - B lll-PART B-IlfDUSTBIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKBRS AND HOI.WQBKBRS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS OMLI . FLY LEAF This Table presents the level of literaoy among each categoI1 of workers and Ilon-workers in rur&l areas. 1](3 B III-PART B-INDU~TRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON·WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY Workerl' Total population .As Cultivator As Agricultural labourer Educational ltvel, Persons Male8 Females Males Females Males Female. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ALL RURAL AREAS Tota.l .. 2,625,302 1,274,800 1,260,602 338,085 163,296 142,463 107,228 i. llliterate 1,985,923 811,955 1,128,968 184:,480 152,718 122,111 104,79G - "- ii. Literate without edu.. 456,653 357,860 98,793 130,042 9,155 18,039 2,138 cational level ill. Primary or Junior 110,651 85,234 ' 25,417 20,516 1,362 2,203 290 Basio iv. Matriculation and 22,075 19,751 2,324 3,047 61 110 above • 1. BlIAUNI TALwr Total .n 229,787 116,861 112,926 34,908 17,098 13,324 8,556 i. Dliterate 188,305 84,024 104,281 22,780 16,329 .12,019 8,·4,10 ii. Literate without edu- 32,467 25,681 6,786 10,250 642 1,173 116 oationallevel iii. PriDlary or Junior 7,662 5,939 1,723 1,598 ll9 1125 20 Basic iv. Matrioulation and 1,353 1,217 136 280 8 7 .,. above 2. GoPIOHETTIPALAYAM TALUB: Total ., 349,086 175,309 178,777 58,407 20,270 19,789 11,799 i. Dlitera.te ... 285,579 124,609 160,970 34,636 19,437 ,. , 17,533 - 11,618 ii. Literate without edu- 48,698 38,828 9,870 1Ii,302 653 1,815 14:1 cation&llevel iii. Primary or Junior 12,880 10,1l4 2,766 3,066 175 376 4:0 Basic iv. Matriculation and 1,929 1,758 171 ,403 Ii 15 , above ... 3, EBODm TALllX Total .. 408,268 206,496 201,772 63,963 41,939 18,056 17,2'15 i. IDiterata 313,54:9 131,105 182,444: 37,994: 39,821 16,026 16,823 ii. Literate without edu· 71,013 56,638 14:,375 21,654 1,791 1,742 4:01 Cl8tiona.llevel iii. Primary or Junior 20,393 15,783 4:,610 3,810 318 265 61 Basic iv. Matriculation and 3,313 2,970 343 505 9 23 above - 4. DIIA.lW'UJW( T.lLUJ: Total - 299,856 150,470 149,388 49,081 26,106 12,881 8,_ i. Illiterate '" 230,503 94,110 136,393 25,565 24,688 10,596 9,23& ii. Literate without edu. 55,944- M,509 10,435 20,764: 1,280 1.897 174, ca.tionallevel iii. Primary or Jturlor 11,804: 9,394 2.410 2,518 163 178 II Basic iv. Matriculation and 1,605 1,457 1(8 234 Ii 19 above - C-Hi 114 B UI~PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON· WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RUBAL AREAS OlfLY-(ccmld.) Worktlt"I-(contd.} III IV V InManufacturing other VI In Mifl.ing and Q~ing At Household IndU8try than HOUIeholcll*'ustry In Oonatructicn Malu Malu Mak8 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (IS) ALL Rmu,L A:REJ.S-(eontd.) Tot&l •. 18,47S . 7,491 89,700 74,895 43,941 '1,417 18,898 6,235 i. Dlitarate 15,259 7,305 47,104 67,441 14,909 6,503 i3,136 6,096 ii, Literate without 2,685 170 35,598 5,885 21,588 788 4,536 116 eduoational level iii. Primary or Junior 396 13 6,848 1,337 no 821 13 Basio iT. Matrioulation and 132 3 150 1,422 16 403 above I. BUVANI T.!LUJ:-(eoNd.) Total .. 127 300 9,176 5,257 1,128 111' 984 189 i, Illiterate 60S 298 5,319 ' 4,695 537 lor 789 166 ii. Literate. without 94 3,436 {.ua 443 6 156 3 ed.ucs.tionallevel - iii. Primary 'or oJ' nnior 18 405 128 4 27 Basic; - b'. MatricuIo.tion and 7 1& 1 20 12 ... above - - 2. GOPIOllll:'l'l'IPALAYAlI TAL"O'lt-(conld.) Total .... 1,081 11,137 g,SD9 1,836 27'1 1,782 i.Dliterate - - 1,551 6,165 9,091 78S 266 . '1,431 ii. Literate without 30 4,162 638 72S 8 24-3 ed.ucationalle'l'61 ill. Primary or Junior 50 786 165 294 3 94: [ Ba.sic - iT. Matriculation and 12 24 5 31 a.bove - - Total •• 2,048 1,256 21.604 14,666 6,465 1,121 1,194 i. Dliterate - ... 1,849 1,!l4:5 12,545 13,194 3,280 1,055 1,171 ii. Literate without 177 8 7,117 1,186 2,481 57 23 educational level iii. Prima.ry or Junior 18 3 1,890 281 642 8 190 Basic - iT. Matriculation and 2 62 102 1 66 s~ ..e - - Total _ 2,801 1,282 15,812 19,488 1,669 179 1,442 836 i. Illiterate 1,960 I,M! 9,54,2 17,543 677 166 94i iID ii. Literate without 30S 29 5,202 1,477 761 12 418 15 educational level ill. Primary or Junior 31 1 1,053 409 201 1 61 1 Basic iT. Matriculation and 15 30 15 .bon - - - ,~15 BIll-PART B-lNDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON·WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEV.F;LS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY-(contd.) Worker,-(oontd.) " . In TrampQrt, storage In, Trade and OomfmrIJ6 and ()Qmmunication I n Oth~r &rvicn Non. Workers EduccUiona! lllvel -A. Males FlmalM MalC8 Femalu Males Fem~8 Mak8 Femalu {l7) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24:) ALL RURAL AmlAB--(OOneld.) Total .. 29,462 9,066 5,324 67 142,656 116,001, ~,801 759,010 i. Dliterate 7,715 8,232 1,914 53 1001197 llM90 305,130 658,734 ii. Literate without 16,653 734 2,306 6 28,395 2,170 98,018 77,631 educational level iii. Primary or Junior 4,176 94 746 2 71922 1,184 35,584 !I,012 Basic iv. Matriculation and 918 6 358 6 61142 563 7,069 1,638 above 1. BUVANI TALUIL-(COncla.) Totsl "" 2,192 911 286 - 13,604 11,504 40,582 89,020 i illiterate - - 729 sn 18 - 10,667 11,242 30,4:88 62,159 ii. Literate without l,llO 35 85 1,1169 135 8,~65 5,353 educational level - iii. Primary or Junior 293 5 54 482 93 2,809 1,4:15 BMic .,. iv. Matriculation and 60 9 4:86 34 320 93 a.bove 2. GOPIOlIETTIPALATA.Jl TALUX-(concld.) Totn.l .. 3,312 1,280 378 2 20,223 19,338 60,630 . 108,893 i. Illitera.te 944 1,182 132 1 15,715 18,910 44,741 118t 484 ii. Litera.te without 1,719 88 160 1 2,878 224 11,557 8,080 educational level iii. Primary or Junior 554 10 76 986 151 3,832 2,221 Basic iT. Matrioulation and 95 20 .. 644 63 500 108 above 3. EaoDlI TALux-(eoneld.) Total .. 4,969 925 1,163 6 17,689 13,223 167,376 110,167 i. Illiterate - on 1,189 854 432 5 11,801 12,666 «,079 95,610 ii. Literate without 2,533 5B 444 ." 3,624: 256 15,907. 10,595 educational. level iii. Primary or Junior 952 12 181 1 1,258 201 6,577 3,735 Basic iv. Matriculation and 295 1 106 .... 1,006 100 813 227 above 4. DHABAl'URAlI T..uo:-(conckl.} Total .. 3,753 729 497 89 17,425 a,868 45,809 76,775 i. Illiterate 896 654 178 36 12,125 14,382 31,623 67,917 ii. Literate without 2,178 68 218 1 3,536 268 10,227 7,131 educationoJ level· Junior iii. Primary or 582 '7 72 1 1,125 162 3,575 1,6fiO Basic iv. Ma.tricula.tion and 97 29 1 639 56 384 above 77 C-15A 116 B m-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON· WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY--contd. Worker8 Total poptUalion 1 A, Oultitx.tt&r II As':.4g';culturallahourer E~al kwel8 Perlonl Mak8; Femalea Malu Females Maltl Female, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 5. P.ilLAD..ur: TAtmt Total - 283,176 141,532 141,644 32,499 17,331 15,598 14,272 i. Dliterate - 213,635 86,043 127,592 15,299 15.965 13,217 13,98i ii. Literate without. 56,035 44:,572 11,463 15,163 1,235 2,201 266 educational level iii Primary or Junior 11,607 9,198 2,4:0~ 1,803 127 175 20 Basic iT. :M.8trioulation and 1,899 1,719 180 23. 4: ;) 1 above 6. AVANASID TALUS: Total .. 228,876 118,012 112,864 35,874 11.927 13,110 6,734 i. Dliterate 180,437 76,790 103,647 20,637 11,385 11,816 6,658 ii. Literate withou, 88,065 30,634: 7,431 12,845 ~9 1,168 72 educational level ill. PrimIn'y or Junior 9,~74, 7,558 1,716 2,166 ~2 122 8 Basic 1,030 70 iv. llatrioulation and 1,1" 22' 1 ~ 1 above 7. OOnIBAT01LB T..lLUJ[ Total ... 986,676 148,030 138,646 22,930 10,139 15,791 11,868 i. Dliterate 200,298 83,34:6 116,952 10,178 9,O~4 13,~52 11,605 ii. Literate without 62,161 46,124 16,037 10,440 888 2,030 234 educational level , iii. Prima.ry or Junior 17,060 12,315 4,745 1,893 141 294 29 B8.Sic Mp,triculs.tion 3lld 7,157 6,245 912 419 16 15 ... • bove S. POLLACKI TALlllt Total .. a47,248 128,802 123,441 24,591 9,962 21,135 16,422 i. illiterate 180,930 73,409 107,521 8,757 8,621 17,128 15,951 ii. Literate without 54:,554: 41,222 13,332 13,664: 1,240 3,663 43.2 educational level iii. Primary or Junior 9,64~ 7,257 2,392 1,751 91 325 38 Basio iv. Matriculation e.nd 2,110 1,9H 196 419 10 19 1 a.bove 9. UD'U!ULPET TALUX Total .. 192,384 96,288 96,046 20,832 8,524 13,029 10,887 i. Dliterate .,. 142,687 58,519 84,168 8,634: 7,378 10,324 10,505 ii. Literate without 37,716 28,652 9,064 9,900 997 2,360 30! educational level iii. PrimarY or Junior 10,322 7,676 2,646 1,911 1'6 146 51 Basio, iT. MatriouWion and 1.609 1.'4:1 IGS 327 10 11 above • 117/ BIll-PART B-IIDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND IOI·WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN iRUBAL AREAS ONLY-contd. Worker,,-( ctncld}. V III IV In ManuftWuring olher VI In Mining and QUllrrying At HtJU8ehold Indmtry than Hausthold I ndu.ery In OOnlWucUon .J. EducationallslJit. 1 Males Female8 Males Females Males Females Males l'emalu (9) (10) (Il) (12) (13) (U) (1I'i) (16) 5. PALLADAM TALux-(contd.) Total - 2,738 1,017 11,320 11,252 8,625 1,5~~ 2,394 '169 i. lliiterate - 2,383 992 4,806 .10,24:0 2,955 1,3~1 1,771 '67 n. Literate without 309 25 3,711 853 4,656 131 53() 18 educational level iii. Primary or Junior 39 794 149 843 15 75 , Basic: iy. Me.triculation and 2 9 ..i 171, 2 IS ... above: 6. AVANAsm TALUK-(conla.) _ Total 1,355 690 7,188 7,360 3,074 572 1,340 206 i. Dliterate 1,121 669 3,268 6,779 1,037 545 1,090 20() .' ii. Literate without 196 HI 2,990 474 1,226 25 210 4 educational level iii. Primary or Junior 33 2 920 106 634 1 37 2 Basio iv. Matrioulation and i 10 1 177 1 3 above - 7. CoDOlATOltE TALux-(conlcl.} Total .. 2,494 511 5,321 2,173 14,630 a,5aO~ . a,gas 566 i. Dliterate 1,915 471 2,4:15 1,831 4:,076 2,103 1,336 550 ii. Literate without 4:17 34 2,524. 284 7,616 341 781 educational level l' iii. Primary ,or Junior 95 3 367 52 2,302 66 86 .. Baaic iv. Matricula.tion and 67 3 15 5 636 10 22 above 8. POLL!.CHI TALui:-{eonId.) Total - 1,897 391 5,003 a,aMo 2,611 365, 2,188 610 i. miterate 1,215 371 1,892 2,016 737 335 1,345 4:91 ii. Literate without 604: 19 2,793 201 1,511 30 598 IS ed.uca.tional level iii. Primary or Junior 53 1 312 17 331 101 , Basio _, . lv. Matriculation and 25 6 32 1« .. above 9. UDUMALPET TALUK-(CQntd.} Total .. 2,054 463 3,,189 2,417 3,913 713 3,866 1,SIS i. Illiterate 1,679 456 1,152 2,052 877 o7l 2,466 1,822 ii. Literate without 306 6 1,663 271 2,IM 128 641 14 educational level iii. Primary 01' Junior 59 1 321 93 647 12 150 :I Basic i.... Matrioulation and 10 3 1 223 2 109 ... above - lIS BIll-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AND NON· WORKERS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY-(oonc14.) Workers-{ooncld). VIII VII In Transport, 3toragll IX X In Trade and Oommerce (lnd communication In Other Service8 Non. Worker8 Eduoativnallewll r Jo. .. Males Females Maleil Females Males Female8 Males F~m,"u (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) 5. PA,LLA.DAM TALUK-con 6. AVANASHl TALux-(concld.) TotaJ - 1,976 770 346 1 11,997 8,070 39,752 76,53t i. llliterate - 657 729 139 1 9,275 7,920 27,750 68,766 ii. Literate without 1,023- 35 146 1,788 84 . 9,042 6,269 educationaJ level ill. Primacy or Junior 257 6 49 605 48 ' ' 2,735 1,451 Basic iv. Matriculllotion and 39 ou 12 329 IS 225 ,8- ..bove 7. CODmATORE TA.Lux-(concld.} TotaJ - 3,538 1,423 1,025 10 18,809 14,037 61,267 95,400 i. llliterate .. .. 932 1,267 346 5 11,486 13,321 ;n~10 76,705- ii. Literate without 2,040 138 494 4,779 389 15,003 13;713 educa.tions. llevel iii. Primary or Junior 399 13 100 1,175 151 5,6040 4,290 Basic iv. Matriculation IIdld 167 5 85 5 1.369 176 3,450 692 above 8. POLLAom TALUK-(coneld.) Total 4,352 1,117 . 602 5 16,199 12,972' , 45,324 '19,463' i. Dliterate - 1,128 1,005 172 3 10,806 12,432 30,229 66,296 ,ii. Literate without 2,74:4 103 330 2 4,135 376 11,180 10,913 . educational level iii. Primary or Juni(l~ 313 9 69 737 122 3,265 2,111 Basia' iv. Matriculation. and 67 31 521 42 650 143 above - 9. UDtI141LPET TALu:s:-(condd.) Total - 8,393 879 414 a 12,868 12,034 34,280 58,309 i. IDitera.ta - ~4: 726 151 1 8,463 11,606 24,329 49,051 ii. Litera.te without 1.5015 129 176 1 3,072 268 6,810 6,~ educational level iii. Primary or Junior 414: 24: 61 863 130 2,903 2,17'- Basio i,.,. llatrioulation and 27 470 30 238 lSI. allow - " B IV-PART .A-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS, AT WORK AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FLY LEAF This table presents the data relating to workers in Household Industry a.lone, classified by olass of worker and inaustrial divisions. Acoording to the system of Indian Standard Industrial Classification, there are nine di'Visions, eaqh division divided into major groups .DOt exceeding ten, the total numbering to 45, and eaoh major group is sub-divided into minor groups not exceeding ten, which amounts to 343. The digit system has been adopted in which three-digit code numbers, the first digit representing the division, the second major group, and the third the minor group, have been given to each industry. The nine categories correspond to the industrial divisions as follows:- I. Cultivator ... ~ Minor groups 000, 001,002, 003 and 004 II. AgricUltural Labourer ... J from Di-rision O. III. Mining, Quarrying, etc. ... Division 1 and Division 0 except minor groups 000 to 004. IV. Household Industry ... Divisions 1,2, and 3 and 0 except minor groups 000 to 004. V. Manufacturing .. Divisions 2 and 3~ VI. Construction ... Division 4• VII. Trade and Commerce .. - Division 6. VIII. Transport, Storage and Communica- Division 7. tions. IX. Other Servines ...... DiTisions 5, 8 and 9. The names of the industrial divisions to which the first digit:refers are given below for reference :- O-Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting. I-Mining and Quarrying. 2 and 3-Manufacturing. 4-Constructiolb 5-Electricity, Gas, Water and Sanitary Services. 6-Trade and Commerce. 7-Transport, Storage and Communication. 8-Services. 9-Actlvities not adequately described. The first four divisions of these can be household industries proTided they lIatisfy other conditions for being included under "Household Industry If. Data relating to Household Industries have been furnished separately for e&ch;of these divisions. In Census Volume Part II.B, data for each minor group have a.lso been presented. 120 Thu term class of worker denotes the statll8 of worker) i.e., whether one is an employer or employee, single worker Or family worker. In this table separate data ha.ve been furnished for employee. An employee is a person who usually works under any other person for salary or wages. Even an unpaid worker in a Household Industry is treated as employee if he does not belong to that household Apprentices who do not belong to the household also are treated as employees . . Division 2 which deals with the manufacturing industries account for the largest number of workers both aDlong males and females compared to other household indlLStries, and in the fural area Erode taluk has the largest number of workers in this division as compared to other taluks. The proportion of employees to others is vel y mue h less in rural areas than in urban areas. 121 B IV-PART A-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IAT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY Branch oj Industry Total Employee Otkers Division and. Major ,...---...J-- Group oJ I.8J.O. Males Females Males Females Males Femal68 (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ALL RURAL AREAS , AU Divisi()ns 89,700 74,695 9,796 . 4,531 79,904 70,164 .Division 0, •• 8,012 3.895 833 559 7,179 3,336 1 .. " ." 2 .. ' 67,277 87,703 8,136 3,881 59,141 83,836 .. 14,411 3,097 827 105 13,584 " ~ 2j 992 1. BHAVANI T.uUK All DivlsioDS i. 9,176 5,257 1,456 558 7,720 4,699 Division 0 .. 314 3aG 21 9 293 327 1 " .. 2 7,878 4,691 " .. 1,384 547 6,494 4,144 984 " 3 " 230 51 2 933 228 2. GOPIOHETTIPALAYAM TALUK All DiYlsto,ns 11,137 9,899 951 495 10,186 9,4M Division 0 .. 1,194 473 171 171 1,023 302 " 1 · . , 2 .. 8,503 8,954 719 314 " 7,784 8,640 1.440 If) " 3 .. 472 61 1,379 462 3. ERODE TALUK AU Did.lons 21,604 14,666 2,780 1,386 18,824 13,280 Division 0 · . 2,033 1,058 252 183 1,781 875 1 .. " ,. 2 .. 15,830 12,912 2,278 1.152 13,552 11,760 3 3,741 696 250 51 " · . 3,491 64:5 4. DUABAl'tJBAM: TALUK All Divisions 15,812 19,438 1,094 1,000 14,718 18,438 Division 0 .. 1,995 734 135 132 1,860 602 ;, 1 ., .. n 2 " 10,738 18,062 874 858 9,864 17,204 3 3,019 642 85 10 " .. 2,99£ 632 , 5. PALLADAM TALUK AU Dil'i.sjODJ 11,820 11~52 1,594 453 91726 10,799 Division 0 ."' 953 629 103 34 850 595 1 ., " .. .. 2 8,739 10,321 1,268 " .. 394 7,471 9,927 3 1,628 30.2 223 " .. 25 1,405 277 C-16 122 B IV-PART A-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY-(condd). Branch oj Industry, Total Employee Other8 Division and Maior ~ r~~ Group of I.S·I.C. Males Female8 Males Females Malea Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 6. AVANASHI T.ALUK All Divisions 7,188 7,360 790 322 6,398 7,038 Division 0 .. 597 465 39 13 558 452 If 1 .. .. .2 5,729 6,670 726 305 5,003 6,365 " ·. 3 862 225 25 4 837 221 " ·. 7. COIMBATORE TALDE All Divisions 5,321 2,172 708 163 4,613 2,009 Division ° .. 691 122 105 17 • 586 105 ,. I .. 2 3,772 1,918 511 144 f~ ·. 3,261 '. 1,774 it 3 •• ...... 858 132 92 2 766 130 S. POLLA.ClII TALUX , All DivisIons 5,003 2,234 325 65 4,678 2,169 Division 0 .. 95 40 6 89 40 11 1 .. " 2 .. 3,810 1,986 289 64 3,52l 1,922 3 .. 1,098 208 30 1 1,068 207 " 9. UDUMALPET TAtux All Divisions 3,139 2,417 98 89 3,041 2,328 Division 0 ·. 140 38 1 139 38 •• 1 ·. " 2 .. 2,278 2,189 87 89 2,191 2,100 721 " 3 .. 190 10 711 190 ALL URBAN AREA.S All Divisions 15,550 8,048 3,895 1,102 11,655 6,946 Division 0 .. 172 117 8 2 164: 115 •• 1 ...... ff 2 .. 11,947 7,4:61 3,191 1,010 8,756 6,451 • t 3 .. ' .. 3,431 470 096 90 2,735 380 B IV-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PIERSONS AT WORK IN NON-HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE BUSINESS, PROFES SION OR SERVICE FLY LEAF In the table the data relating to all workers engaged in non-household industry, trada, b~iness, profession or service, ~.e., workers of categories V to IX are furnished for each of the four classes of workers for each of. the 10 divisions separately. An employer is one who employs other persons for wages or salary to get any work done, who thus will be responsible not only for his own work but also for the work of others under him. But a person employing domestic servants or a person in office who himself is employed but who has the power to appoint subordinates, is not an employer. The person who works by himself,neither employing except casually, nor being employed, is a single worker. But the person who works in joint partnership, without hiring any employee is also.8, single worker. A person who is engaged in any business or trade conducted mainly by the members of the family, ordinarily at least for an hour every day during the working season, without receiving any wages or salary, is a" Family worker ". Division 8 which deals with Services of Government, educational, health, religious, legal, and business services has the largest number of male and female workers both In rural and urban areas. The proportion of male single workers in a division to the total workers of the division is highest in 8th Division in the rural area and in the 4th Division in the urban area. Among female workers the corresponding highest propor tion is in Division 8 in rural area and in Division 6 in urban area. The proportion of family workers in a division is highest among male and female workers in Division 0 ill rural area and 6 in urban area. C-16A 124 B IV-PART-B INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN NON-HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(contd.) Branch of Industry; Total EmlJloyer . Employee Single worker Family' worker DivisiQTI;.'J and Major I "-,-----,. ~--, Group oj I.S.1.0. Males Female!! ll-lales Females Male8 Females Males Females JJales Females (1 ) (2) {3l (4) (5) (6) (7) {8} (9) . (10) (11) ALL RURAL AREAS. All DivlsioDs .. 258,751 146,273 12,622 3,066 84,808 26,647 157,056 113,578 4,266 2,988 Division 0 16,428 6,295 1.066 841 5,938 1,549 8,250 3,743 1,179 662 ,t 1 2,044 1,196 5 1,087 484 912 687 40 25 .. 2 34,011 6,788 596 43 26,991 5,465 6,205 1.165 219 95 " 3 9,930 649 S27 14 6,16& 327 3,332 295 103 13 " 4 18,896 6,225 ass 12 5,874 1,794 12,690 4,419 1,784 51 1,784 51 . " I) " 6 29,462 9,066 7,771 2,120 4,315 839 16,3M 5,583 1,072 524 " 7 5,324 67 176 3,238 51 1,910 16 8 140,795 115,954 2,342 535 29,351 16,085 107,449 97,665 1,653 1,669 " 77 2 7 67 2 3 .. 1. B:aA VANI TALUI{ All Divisions ., 18,871 12,995 821 191 8,141 497 14,765 12,205 1U 102 Division 0 691 275 8 1 293 64: 354 197 13 >, 1 36 25 3 36 20 2 85 1 315 15 352 I, 2 707 33 66 7 3 3 421 26 21 100 7 297 19 3 " 4, 984- 169 7 140 26 837 143 ., 5 170 2 170 2 ~ ..... - 1,278 .t 6 2,192 9Il 597 165 268 20 704 49 22 236 13 133 90 " 7 .' 13,434 11,502 142 24 1,722 360 11,521 U,056 49 1I 8 .. I) , ...... " .. .. 2. GoPICm;TTlPALAYAM TALUK All Dlvisions .. SO,396 22,916 1,839 312 5,848 1,425 22,871 20,633 588 546 Divi'lion 0 2,795 1,543 25 7 1,035 259 1,605 1,081 130 196 .. 1 70 38 10 4 60 29 5 2 1,199 244 64 6 448 89 667 132 20 17 " 3 637 33 32 5 124 461 26 20 2 " .' 4 1,782 438 10 336 82 1,436 356 ., 5 88 88 " .. G 3,312 1,280 1,192 241 446 30 1,578 935 96 ~ I 378 2 20 222 1 136 1 20,13:1 19,338 296 53 3,139 960 16,428 18,073 272 262 " ,; .. .. " .. •• .... 125 .B IV-PART B-I"NDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION B, SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN ,NON.HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(contd.) .' Branch of l1ulustry ; . Total Employer Employee Single worker Family w()I'ke,. Divisions Hna JlIajor ,------A--, r-~r---~~ Group oj 1.8.1.0. Jfales Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females I (1): (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (U) 3. ERODE TALUK .All Divisions .. 35,497 17,725 1,860 241 12,664 3,626 20,374 13,459 599 399 Division 0 1,621 774 1 798 334 760 325 62 115 1 425 482 1 17l 132 250 341 " 3 9 2 4,561 984 155 15 2,735 590 1,606 355 65 24 3 1,894 137 62 3 905 72 895 61 32 1 " ., 4 3,17;) 1,194 50 1,229 513 1,896 681 ... 5 37 10 37 10 ,., ,. ., , " .. 6 4,969 925 1,198 190 993 680 ~,[j7{i 18 202 " 37 7 1,163 6 37 797 1 .. " .. . .. 8 17,646 13,213 352 33 4,999 l~,OJJ 1l,Gi7 235 213 - ,r 9 6 4 •• 4. DHARAl'URAM TALUK Ali Divisions .. 27,087 17,63~ 1,090 161 8,012 3,121 17,235 13,930 750 450 Division 0 2,177 1,182 10 1 1,071 419 . 995 653 101 109 124 100 79 64 45 36 . " 1 2 1,134 142 41 1 607 82 465 21 " 8 3 535 37 54 2'2 10 262 19 17 8 " 4 1,442 535 7 634 255 801 280 .. 182 12 182 12 " 5 6 3,753 729 766 125 572 14 2,177 .'533 238 " 7 497 39 21 290 38 186 1 S 17,240 14,856 191 34 4,373 2,227 12,303 12,327 373 268 9 3 2 1 5, PALLADAM TALUK All Dbislons .. 1,684 490 14,057 3,259 14,891 10,101 752 490 Division 0 2,475 774 90 16 853 158 1,286 531 246 69 ,. 1 262 243 2 7l 111 187 132 2 7,649 1,506 106 7 6,939 1,367 5.52 ll3 52 19 3 972 53 48 1 694 35 201.) 16 21 I " 4 2,394 769 31 9 8tl 294 1,552 466 " 2411 ' 1& 24&' 1~ . l' 5 6 3,077 1,032 1,100 332 468 24 1,321 536 188 140 " ." 7 663 2-- 32 381 250 1 8 13,587 9,943 222 125 3,588 1,251 9,534 8,306 243 261 " 9 10 3 .." . Sl •• " . .. 126 B IV-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFW!TION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN NON·HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(oontd,) Branch of Industry, Total Employer Employee Single worker Family worker Division and Major r~ group of I,S,[,O. MaiM Females MaiM Females Males Females Males FemalC8 Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 6, AVANASHI TALUX All Divisions .• 20,088 10,309 979 249 5,829 1,515 13,020 8,351 260 194, Division 0 1,289 649 2 505 140 709 443 73 66, 1 66 41 7 18 59 23 " 2 2,548 554 42 2,097 452 396 " 101 13 1 3 526 18 16 2 256 246 " 7 9 8 ." 4 1,340 206 5 438 51 897 155 5 255 255 " 6 1,976 770 719 225 185 26 " 494 30 25 7 346 1 17 195 134 " 1 8 11,742 8,070 178 22 1,891 821 9,537 7,125 " 136 102' 9 " • I 7. COIMBATORE TALUK All Div1sIons , . 42,721 19,067 1,168 515 21,751 10,295 19,677 8,144 125 113 , Division 0 2,289 399 36 15 790 73 1,428 295 35 If} .. 1 201 112 1 58 58 142 54 2 10,399 2,251 131 10 9,690 2,073 565 60 " 13 s 3 4,235 269 86 3 3,655 184 494 " 82 4 2,225 566 11 2 666 157 1,548 407 t, 5 350 9 350 9 6 3,538 1,423 544 389 955 7 " 1,013 6 14 7 1,025 10 30 645 6 4 " 8 18,459 14,028 329 96 4,942 7,723 6,129 " 71 I} .. I • •• •• ,t ... .. • • .. 8. pOLLAcm TAtux All Divisions •• 27,750 15,360 1,784 465 6,441 1,509 19,131 13,097 394 289 Division 0 1,706 320 16 449 67 1,111 218 130 32 I 191 71 59 19 131 " 52 1 " 2 2,168 309 999 136 1,155 159 14 to 3 443 56 150 11 291 44 2 4 2,188 51(} 87 834 92 1,267 418 •• 5 234 .. 234 ... ., '''' - 4,252 1,1l7 1,189 " 6 334 294 28 2,576 670 193 85 602 5 " 7 1 387 .. 214 5 " 8 15,913 12,971 491 128 2,982 1,155 12,gS6 11,531 1117 9 .. 53 1 53 ( " - .. .. i' , 121 11 IV-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN NON·HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE, BUSINESS PROFESSION OR SERVICE-concld. Branch of Indu.stry, Tolal Employer Employee Single worker Family worker Division and Major group 1.8.1.0. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Mate8 Female8 (2) (3) (4) i (5) (6) {7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 9. UDUMALPET TALUK ,All Divisions 25,007 15,929 1,647 441 7,065 1,400 15,591 13,683 704 405 Division 0 1,385 379 878 298 139 35 2 366 46 1 669 84 I 632 75 2 34 9 2 3,646 693 24 3 3,161 661 447 28 14 1 " •• 3 .. 267 20 8 82 1 177 19 .. 4 t. 3,366 1,838 l24 I 786 324 2,456 1,513 " .. 5 223 223 " .. .. 2,393 879 466 Il9 134 10 680 70 70 " 6 1,'23 7 414 2 5 188 221 2 t-t " .. •• 8 12,639 12,033 141 20 1,715 293 10,563 11,441 220 279 9 5 I 5 1 to " •• •• .. ALL URBAN AREAS .All Divisions •• 256,494 74,359 19,700 1,056 163,874 41,771 69,231 30,256 3,689 1,276 IDivision 0 21,483 18,315 80 14 19,456 17,482 1,871 173 76 46 1 791 464 4 1 417 289 363 173 2 1 " 2 53,006 1l,S34 2,404 41 43,143 10,276 7,124 1,454 335 63 " 3 28,411 1,332 1,693 26 22,025 935 4,217 343 476 28 12,706 4,091 328 2 5,806 1,536 6,572 2,553 " It 5 4,007 1,035 3,909 1,015 98 20 47,824 5,955 11,172 722 19,999 592 14,926 4,376 1,727 265 " 6 7 19,424 460 598 2 13,502 220 5,324 138 m " ." 8 68,827 30,873 3,418 248 35;606 9,326 28,731 20,426 1,072 873 3 11 ~, 9 •• 10 .. 1 B IV-PART C-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES NON-HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE FLY LEAF This table furnishes data relating to the workers of categories III to IX. The number of ~orkers in each category is given for each division, for Household Industry and for Non-household Industry separately. In the rural areas, the number of workers engaged in manufacturing (Division 2 and 3) are greater in Household Industry. In the rural areas the number of female workers in Household Industry under Divisions 2 and 3 is ten times and five times respectively higher than the number engaged in Non-household Industry under the same divisions In all the sectors the number of workers engaged in Household Industry in urban are a. is only less than 1/5 of the corresponding number of workers in urban areas. 1!9 B IV-PART·C~-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION .Y SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, NON-HQUSEBOLD INDUSTRIES, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE. Wor1;", at Workers in Non. Totsl workers H fJUlehold Industry Howehold InrltuWy. flc. Bra'Mh of Indmtry, Divi8ion r------_A------~ r- r-----".._-~.... , and Major group P"lOn~ Malu Female, Malu Males Femalu oj 1.S.I.a, (I) (I) (3) (7) ALL RU:aAL ARus AU Divisions ... 569,219 348,451 220,968 89,700 74,605 . 258,751 141,2TS Division 0 34,680 24,440 10,190 8,012 1,895 .16,428 6,2D5 .,. 3,240 2,044 1,196 1 - - • 2,044 1,1~6 :II .... 175,759 101,288 74,471 67,277 67,703 34,011 8,768 3 - 28,087 24,341 3,746 14,411 3,097 9,930 649 18,896 6,225 4 ,. " 25,121 18,896 6,225 5 1,835 1,784 51 1,784- 51 6 38,528 29,462 9,066 29,462 9,066 7 5,391 5,324 67 5,324 67 8 256,749 140,795 115,954 140,795 115,964 9 •.• 79 77 2 77 ! 1. Bxu.un TALUX All Divisions 46,299 28,047 18,252 9,17~. " 5,257 18,871 12,G05 Division 0 1,616 1,005 till . 31( 336 691 275 1 ., " 61 36 25 , . 36 25 2 13,361 8,585 4:,776 7,878 4:,6~1 707 85 3 I,G61 256 9S~ !SO 4:21 26 4 ., . 1,153 984: 169 984: 1611 5 .., .. ", 172 170 2 170 2 {I 3,103 2,19~ 911 2,192 011 7 23G 236 ,., 236 8 24,936 1l,l'iO~ •• ,13,4034: 11,50.1 9 " .... ,-<, .. ~. , All m,lIIons 74,848 41,583 32,815 i1,1S7 t,S~t Division 0 6,005 3,981» !,OI6 1,19~ 4'iS 1 ",., ". 108 70 38 70 3. ! .• ... 18,900 9,702 g,nS 8,503 24' 3 " 2,582 2,077 505 1,(4,0 . (72 637 33 4: • '. !,220 1,782 4:38 1,782 5 ." 88 88 ... GO 88 6 , . 4,592 3,312 l,no . ,~,312 1,280 7 ., ... 380 378 2 - 378 2 I .. 39,4:73 20,135 It,SSI - 19.311 ...... ,;" - C-17 - - - - 130 B IV-PART·C-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, NON· HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(contd. ) Worker& aI Workers in non· Potal workers _Mold ItldWllry houtehold IndWJtry, clc. BNJnM oj looU8'ry Divilion (lnd Maior group Perlom Males Females Male& Females Females of 1,8.1.0. ( 1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 3. ERODE TALUK All DIvisions ... .. 89,492 .57,101 32,391 21,604- ' ~14,666 85,497 17,725 Division 0 ...... - 5,486 3,654 1,832 2,033' 1,058 1,621 774 1 ...... 907 425 482 425 482 ~ 34,287 20,391 13,896 15,830·- °12,9U 4,561 984- 3 .... .~. ., 6,468 5,635 833 1,894 137 4 4,369 3,175 1,194 3,175 1,194 5 .. 47 37 10 37 10 6 .. 5,894 4,969 925 4,969 925 7 .. ... 1,169 1,163 6 1,163 6 8 - .,. 30,859 17,646 13,213 17,646 13,213 9 ... .. 6 6 6 4. DHAllAPURAM TALUB: II. • _ All ~ Divisions 79,969 42,899 37,070 15,819 111,43& 27,087 17,632 Divilion 0 .. .. _ .. 6,088 4,172 734: 2,177 1,182 1 .. - - .. 224 124 100 .. 124 100 2 - - - 30,076 ll,872 18,204 10,738 18,06~ 1,134 142 3 ... - - 4,293 3,614 679 9,079 64.2 535 37 4 - - - - 1,977 1,442 535 - 1,442 535 5 .. - - -- 194 182 12 - 182 12 G .. - - • ',.82 3,751 '129 • - 3,753 729 7 ...... 536 497 39 4:97 39 8 - _ _ _ .. - - 32,096 17,240 14,856 - .. 17,240 14,856 ...... 3 - .. - 3 6, PALUDAl( TALUX All DiTislons .. 68,246 42,654 25,592 11,320 11,252 31,334 ''',840 Divwion 0 ...... 4,831 3,428 1,403 953 629 2,475 774 1 .. .. - .. 505 262 243 - - 262 '4:3 .. .. - 28,215 16,388 11,827 8,739 10,321 7,649 1,606 3 ...... 2,955 2,600 355 1,628 302 972 53 ... -- .. 3,163 2,394 769 2,394- 760 6 .. •• - 263 245 18 245 18 G .. .. 4,109 3,077 1,032 3,077 1,032 1 ... 665 61\3 2 .. 663 • .. - .. - 23,530 13,587 9,943 ... '13,587 8 .. - .. •• 10 10 I:' 10 .. / '131 B IV-PART·C-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS OF WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, NON·HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(oontd.) . Wotker6 at Workers in non Total workers hous~hold Industry J.otl8elwld IfldUIIWy, ete. Branch of Industry, Division and· MajlJ1' group oj I.S.1.0. Pers(Jns .Male/! Females Males Femalea Males Females (1) (2) (3) (5) (6) (7) (I) 6. AVANASHI TALUK AU Divisions 44,945 27,276 17,669 7,188 7,360 20,088 10,309 , .. Division 0 3,000 1,886 1,114 597 465 1,289 649 1 107 66 41 66 4:1 2 15,501 8,277 7,224 >,670' • -2,548 554: 3 1,631 1,388 243 225' 526 18 4 1,5016 1,340 206 '1,340 206 5 255 255 •.. ~55 6 2,746 1,976 770 1,976 770 7 347 34:6 1 ,.. M' 346 1 8 19,812 11,,74:2 8,070 - 11,742 8,070 9 '" .. - .11 7. CODlUTORE T~LUK All Divisions 69,281 48,042 21,289 5,321 2,172 42,721 19,067 Division 0 3,501 2,980 521 691.- 122.. . 2,289 391J 1 313 201 112 - 201 112 2 18,340 14,171 4,169 3,772 1,918, .10,399 2,251 3 5,494 5,093 401 858 132 4:,235 269 4: 2,791 2,225 566 2,225 666 li 359 350 9 ... .. 360 I} 6 4,961 3,538 3,538 7 .. 1,035 1,025 10 •••, . 1,0.25 10 8 '.' 32,487 18,459 U,028 ,. 1S,Ui!) lItO • I ,~, ... •• " " • 8. POLLAClII TALUX All Dlvlslols I:' 50,347 82,753 17,694 5,003 2,234 27,750 15,380 360 95 Division 0 .~I II. 2,161 1,801 40 1,706 3%0 1 ... 262 lin 71 - 191 71 2 u 8,273 5,978 2,295 1.986 2,188 309 3 - 1,805 I,M1 264 208 "3 56 2,69& 2,188 510 .. 2,188 '510 " .. '" - 234 230l .. .. 234 6 - _ - - .. .. 5/369 4,252 1,117 .. .. 4,21i2 1,117 7 _ - - .. 607 602 .. - 602 - -- - 28,884 15,913 12,971 - - 16,913 . 53 1 53 " 5' - C-17A 132 :a IV-PART·C-llfDUSTRIAL CASSIFICATION BY SEX AND CLASS or WORKER OF PERSONS AT WORK IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES, NOl·HOUSEHOLD fNDUSTRIES~ TRADE" BUSIBESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE-(contd.) Work!!rj at Worktrs in. Total workerl komehold I nrlustry 'I'I()t1.·MUBehold I ndu8try BranchIol ItldtUtf'!lj Ditlwion and Major group oj I.S.I.O. Ptrsom Males Females Males Females Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4:) (5) (6) (7) (8) 9. UDUMALFET TALUK AllJDiv1s1ons - .. - - 46,492 28,146 18,346 3,139 2,417 25,007 . 15,929 Division 0 - - .. ... 1,942 1,525 4,17 140 38 1,385 379 1 - - - 753 1169 84 669 84 2 ...... 8,806 5,924 2,882 2,278 2,189 3,646 693 3 .. .II 1,198 988 210 7.21 190 267 20 4 .. 5,20' 3,366 1,838 3,366 1,838 5 223 223 223 6 3,272 2,393 879 2,393 879 7 '16 414 2 414 2 8 .. 2V)72 12,639 12,033 12,639 12,033 9 6 5 1 5 10. ALI. URBAN hus All DlYlsiaDs - - .. - 354,451 272,044 82,407 15,560 8,048 256,494 74,859 Division 0 .. .. ,...... 40,087 21,655 18,432 172 117 21,483 18,315 1 ... 1,255 791 464 791 464 2 - ...... 84,248 6~,953 19,295 11,947 7,461 53,006 11,&34 3 - - ... 33,644- 31,842 1,802 3,431 470 28,4H 1,332 4, - -... - .. 16,797 12,706 4,091 12,706 4,091 lS - - ...... o,O~ 4,007 1,035 4,007 1,035 e - - 53,77'1 47,824 5,955 4:7,824 5,955 7 .. - .... 19,884: lQ,t24: 4:60 19,424 460 .. .. - .. 9~,700 68,827 30,873 68,827 30,873 '.• .:. - ... - 15 HI 16 l B V~OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION FLY LEAF The oQcupatio:na.l cla'i.ification of workers engaged m non-agriculiural occupations is furnished in this table, according to tne Na.tiona.l Occupa.tional Claslification. In this classifitlsiion allo 3-digit eode system has bean adopted, the first digit representing division, the second the groups and the third the families. This table furnishes figures separately for total and urban area.s, for elftch category of workers, in ellch division. group and family. In this book we are pre.enting these data in eaoh division only for rural areas and by divisions, major and minor group for total and urban areas. The names of the occupational divisions are given below for reference: Names o Professional, Teohnical a.nd reJated workers I Administrasive, Executive and Managerial workers 2 Clerioal and rellirted workers 3 Salas workers 4 Farmers, Fishermen, Hunters, Loggers and related workers 5 Miners, Quarrymen and related workers 6 Workers in Transport and Communication occupations 7 and 8 Craftsmen! Production process workers and labourers not elsewhere classified 9 Service, Sport and Recreation workers 10 Workers not olassifiable by occupation In the rural area more than 75 per cent of the workers in all the categories together, a.nd in the urban area nearly 50 per cent of the workers, come under the occupational olassification of Divisions 7-8, namely, "Craftsmen, Production process workers &lld labourers not elsewhere classified ". 134 B V-OCOUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION AU rural arcaa 1. Bhatlani taluk Code and digit number Description Persona Males Femalu Per.ona Malea· Females {II (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) All Divisions To'al 569,419 848,451 220,968 46,299 28,047 18,252 Category m 26t963 18,472 7,491 1,027 TZT 800 IV 164,395 89,700 74,695 14.483 9,178 5,257 V 51,358 43,941 7,417 1)239 1,128 111 VI 25,121 18,896 6,225 11153 98~ 169 VII 38,628 29,462 9,066 StlOS 2,192 911 VIII 5.391 5,324 67 236 236 IX 258.663 142.656 116.007 25.108 18.604 11.504 Divisien' Total 14,487 12,446 2,041 1,032 8741 158 Caterory iII 17 17 IV 6 6 1 1 V 112 III I ! ! VI 93 93 .~ IX 14,259 12,219 2,040 1,029 871 158 Divilion 1 Total 9,691 8,688 1,053 605 530 7S Category III 72 14: 58 V 705 668 37 4: 4: VI 494: 482 12 1 I ... VII 99 97 2 4: 4: VIII 141 141 2 2 IX 8,180 7,236 944 594: 519 75 Dimon t Total 4,737 4,670 67 196 196 1 Category III 113 108 5 3 3 V 967 951 16 6 6 II VI 157 157 - VII 737 737 .. 44 178 G I '"I - vm 184 - IX 2,579 2,539 40 135 134: 1 Divillon I Total 18,597 28,081 8,568 3,871 2,050 811 "'orr V 11 11 - - - - VII 38,586 28,020 8,566 2,871 2,060 135 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OlHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) !. GopicheUipalayam taluk 3. Erode taluk (Jode a~ d~# number Ducripeilm Persom Ma"le8 Female.! Perllrm.t Males Femalu (9) (lO) (11) (12) (13) (14) All Dl ,lsi 0 IS ... Toea) 74,348 401,633 32,816 89,492 57,101 121,881 Oliegory III 4,446 . 2,865 1,581 3,302 2,046 1,256 IV 21,036 11,137 9,899 36,270 21,604- t4,666 V 2,113 1,838 277 7,576 6,455 1,121 VI 2,220 1,782 438 4,369 3,175 1,194 \ JVII 4,592 3,812 1,280 5,894 4,969 925 VllI 380 378 2 1,169 1,163 6 IX 39,661 20,223 19,338 30,912 17,689 13,223 Divilion 0 .. Total 1,673 1,478 196 2,374 2,068 30G C6t~gOry VI.. 8 • 10 10 vn " VllI ", IX 1,665 1,470 195 2,364 2,058 306 Division 1 - Total 1,191 i,Oag 152 1,861 1,763 98 Category m; - .. V 29 25 4: 300 293 7 VI 56 56 107 107 VII 8 8 21 21 vm 22 22 .. 10 10 IX 1,076 928 148 1,423 1,332 91 Divi8ion 2 - Total 351 351 723 720 3 Category V 48 4:8 .:. 65 65 VI lro ". 15 15 VIi' 52 62 .~. 170 170 " VIII 11 11 60 60 IX 240 24:0 ... 413 410 3 DiWionl3 - Total 4,4091 3,211 5,476 4,654 Category V 5 01' " .. VII, 3,206 1,280 5,4:76 811 IX .. - .. 136 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) ~. Dharap'Uram taMe 5. Pal/adam talu/: 6.... vanMhi toluk (Jode and digi' t~------~----~ number DescriptiQ'fI Per80ns Mall!,8 Females Pe,r8ons Male& Femalu Ptr'Ortl Malu l""'al~, (Iii) (16) (17) (IS) (It) (20) (SI) (J!) (23) All DituiODS •• Total 79,969 42,899 37,070 68,246 42,654 25,59! U,~45 27,27& 17,86t Category III 8,583 2,301 1,282 3,750 2,738 1,017 -'l,045 1,855 egO IV 35,250 15,812 19,438 22,572 11,320 11,252 14,5.8 7,188 7,360 V 1,848 1,669 179 10,184 8,625 1,5S9 3,646 3,074 572. VI 1,977 1,442 535 3,163 2,394 769 1,546 1,340 206 VII 4,482 3,753 729 4,109 3,077 1,03Z 2,746 1,97~ 770 vm 536 497 39 665 663 2 347 346 1 IX 32,293 17,425 14,868 23,803 13,842 9,961 SO,0$7 11,997 8,070 Division 0 Total 1,733 1,503 230 1,478 1,271 207 879 'S08 71 Category III 2 2 - - - IV -- - 3 3 v .. - - 63' \ 63 - VI 1 1 2 2 - IX 1,730 1,500 230 1.4:68 1,261 207 &11 740 71 Di'rision 1 Total 1,028 898 180 1,453 1.297 156 590 . 566 Ca.~gory III .1+ - V 33 1 156 110 58 VI '1 ... 9% 83 5 5 VII 31 •• 15 13 1 1 VIII 5 5 (0 40 17 17 IX 951 822 129 1,14:1 1,003 118 507 486 22 Dimion! .. - Total 411 407 4 474 , 1SS 10 1 CAtegory III v S6 36 180 182 10 60 VI 1 1 4 1 1 VII 75 75 69 Of 4-1 4:1 VIII 16 16 16 16 1 1 IX 283 279 4: 199 1140 SO 79 1 Di-.ilion S Tottol 4,286 3,586 70t 1.859 2,851 1,008 1,585 1,103 612 Category v 3 .. - •• VII 4,283 3,583 700 3,85t 2,851 1,008 !,i~5 1,9$3 IX - - '137 B i-OCCUPATIONAL CLASS'IFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) 7. OoimbatOf'e. taluk S. Pollaeh.i &aluk 9. Ud~ fa!uI.: Oooe and d,igie l1umbllr' Femalll8 Perlf118 Jldll8 (I) (2) (~4) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (3ll) (II) (3J) All Divisions •• Total 69,281 48,042 21,239 50,346 32,752 17,594 46,493 28,147 18,34S Cate«olJ m 3,005 2,494 511 , 2,288 1,897 391 2,517 2,064 468 n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , 17,150 14,630 2,520 2,976 2,611 365 4,626 3,913 '118 VI 2,791 2,225 566 2,698 2,188 510 5,2040 3,366 1,888 VII 4,961 3,538 1,423 5,369 4;252 1,117 8,272 2,393 879, VID 1,035 1,025 10 607 G02 5 ollIS 414 .2 IX 82,846 18,809 14,037 29,171 16,199 12,972 24,902 12,868 12,034 DiYision 0 Total 2,618 2,067 551 1,323 1,144 179 1,377 1,233 Ca~gol1 ill 13 13 IV 2 2 V 33 1 9 9 VI 33 35 35 .'. IX 2,569 2,019 550 1,290 1,111 179 1,333 1.189 Division 1 .. Total 1,270 1,009 261 1,136 13J 557 532 Category m 59 I 58 7 7 4 v 96 83 13 19 16 3 VI 13 11 2 87 87 126 125 1 vn 15 15 1 1 3 3 .. vm 39 39 1 1 IX 1,04.8 8110 188 1,040 B08 132 379 !1 Dimon ! Total 1,661 1,&17 380 378 2 358 355 CI!L~gol1 m 96 91 Ii 10 10 4: v 4:19 4:08 11 14:7 14:6 1 VI 9 9 73 73 54: M 4j vn !IO 230 .u 14: 14 II· VIII 55 49 6 11 11 6 6 ... IX 852 830 22 244 133 131 , Di'ri.on a .. Total 4,602 3,253 1,849 5,240 4,164 1,076 8,177 2,359 aD Category V 3 VII 4,599 3,250 1,34.9 5,240 4:, 1M 1,076 3.177 2,359 S18 IX •• .. .. 0-18 - 118 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIOlf BY SEX OFPBBSONS AT WORK OTHBR THAN CULTIVATIOH-(COtICd.} :iI. BhavaM talu~conold. D~ JlaUI llf1t1JJu (2) (3) (4) (6) (a) . (7) (8) DiYilion 4: • • Total M,tSs 10,1!5 i,607 984 613 Category m ~2,261 953 678 275 IV 11,884 GoO 314 33$ V 8 .. .. vn 7 .. 1 . 1 IX 28 4, 3 1 DiTision 5 •• ... Total 8,207 11,170 60 35 Category m 3,207 1,171) 60 35 25 DiTisic>n 6 •• .. ToW 0,005 4,H9 36 260 245 .15 m 10 9 1 •• .. v 128 128 .. .. '" •• VI a27 2lj 15 39 24 15 vm 1,$04- ,,4" 20 .218 .US IX 136 136 3 3. -..• DpOil 7 and 8 • • ToW flAB, TBO 238,2~ 188,512 187,541 21,585 i 15,056 Catego17 m 135 123 HI .. - - IV 152,O!5 81,(02 70,823 13,712 8,861 ~.921 V 48,685 41,3&1 1,114 1,183 1,075 108 VI !4,oa: 17,871 a,IQl 1.113 959 1M VII . 1,005 616 400 177 89 88 vm «5 4e8 37 '1 't .. IX 200."3 96,678 10S,865 21,.279 10.594 10.185 2f 8S6 g,159 2,077 DiTisioo ~ •• . •.,. Total 38,895 J 5S3 Category m 93 91 2 G .. v aM 620 35 1 VI 83 76 '1 - vn 56 66 4 - vm 117 113 4 1 -.. IX S2,~~1 S3,880 9,111 2,065 683 Total 'TIS 511 58 Q :&i'riIi.OD. :x...... 5 c.teaery m il 54 5 i IV dO 2i7 V 107 93 - ., 40 3 fl I Ii ... - .... - VU '8 '0 8 ... J vm ...... - - IX 3 - ...... 1~ B ,-OCCUPATIOIfAL CLASSmC.TION BY SEX 0' PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(co"U.) , ~. Gopkhcu"alayam talui~(concld.) 3. If'ode tal,,~ (cencI d.) ,.le It1d digit tmnbu DucripWm P.rlo1Jl Malu Pent,"" PerlOM Jt[.z., ''''''''' (1) (2) (9) (10) (U) (lJ) (U) (14) Dimon 4: .. Total 5,988 a,U7! 2,011 5,U5 3,818 1,822 Otte«ory III 4,318 2,776 1,613 2,194 1,6!O 774: IV 1,665 1,192 473 3,061 2,013 1,0(8 V ' .. .. m ~ . 4: IX 1 1 Di"tiaion Ii ., .. Total. 10S 70 38 808 416 4r82 C&\t!ory m 108 70 38 908 428 4:82 DinaionG .. .. Tot&!. 819 317 II 881 871 2 ClI.tegory _~:t III .. v I) D .. ". VI •• I .. vm 314: 31! 2 868 8&6 a IIX 13 13 Division 7 IWld 8 ,. Tot&l 56,146 2a,aos 27,841 87,179 38,847 27,382 Category ill 3 3 IV 19,3U 9,936 9,405 11,196 19,581 11,616 2,OG6 1,74:4: 262 V 7,1118 8,084. 1,114: 2,14,1 1,709 VI 432 (.2~9 3,015 1,194: VII 37 37 227 124: 103 vm 33 33 198 198 IX 32,585 14,843 17,74:2 22,131 lO,8~5 11,306 4,~8 2,779 ])ivision {I •• ... ToW 1,26' 4,622 a,101 1,&lU Category ill 17 17 .. V It 8 11 13 13 VI 15 9 6 8 tI m 5 Ii '" vm 33 !t 4: IX 3,992 2,UO 1,252 4:,558 3,051 1,,1 '1 Di'rilion :r .. Total 33 11 2! 18 to a - m Ct.~rr ... "" ... IV 30 9 21 13 10 -, V 1 1 - .. .. VI - ...... vn - - .. .. vm - -...... J 1 - IX 1 .. .. lilt 0-18... 140 B V-OOOUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(~.) •• Dharapura.m taluk-( ooDcld.) 5. Palladamtmuk-(concld.) Ooth aM digiJ number Ducriplion Ptr.onI Mal" 1i'~ PtrSOM Malu FtmaZu (IS) (16) (17) (18) (l~) (20) 1HrisioII ~ .. - Total 6,082 4,168 1,!U4 4,9'10 3,570 1,400 Caterory m 3,351 2,171 1,190 3,370 2,696 774: IV 2,729 1,995 734 1,596 970 626 V - - - 4 4: VII 2 2 IX DiTiaion5 .. Total 220 120 100 374 131 243 Category m 220 120 100 374 131 243 DimiD.e ., Total 478 474 4 f 578 577 1 Category III .~ 1 1 V 7 7 - 17 17 VI 2 2 vm 4:54 4liO 4: 551 550 1 IX 15 15 9 .9 DiTilioll 7 and 8 •• TDtal aO,107 27,634 82,473 51,26i 29,694 21,639 Cattgory m 7 5 ! IV 32,095 13,550 18,5(5 20,975- 10,350 10,S!5 V 1,730 1,559 171 9,661 8,120 1,64:1 VI 1,966 U31 535 3,063 2,303 '160 VII 73 4:6 27 161 139 22 vm 60 25 35 35 34 1 IX 24,176 lI.oI8 13,lG8 17,368 8,678 8,6~O Division 9 .. Total 5,124 8,777 1,347 3,795 a,S6S ' 927 CategDry ill 1 1 1 1 V S 8 - 14:8 14:2 S VI\ - - VII 3 3 .. I) 5 - Vill 1 1 23 23 - IX 5,111 3,764 1,347 3,618 2,1197 921 Dl'fiaion X.'. - Totsl 500 332 168 2 - 2 Category m 2 2 - - - ... IV ,(26 267 15Q 1 - 1 V 30 23 7 1 - 1 VI - ... - - VII 15 13 2 - - - VIll - - - -- .. IX 27 27 - - /141 B V-OCCUPATIONAL OLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHEJI TW OULTIVATIOlf-(contd.) 6. AttaootM 'a~uk-(eoUClld,) 7, Goimbalore taluk-( concld.) aode aM digil --. number.' lIescriplion PtrlJotia ' Males Females Per80ns Malu Fema!~, (21) (22) (23) (24) (t5) (H) Di-rilio.4 ... Toial 2,990 1,880 1,110 3,171 8,6~8 -.7& Category III 1,931 1,283 648 2,330 1,981 3'~ IV 1,059 ()97 462 813 6IB at v 4 4, - VII ... - ;/ - IX 24 22 2 ,-"~ Total 107 66 41 423 ,336 87 Diviaion 6 " .. i!W Category ill 107 66 41 423 336 87 DiTiliOll. 6 .. Total 853 362 1 1,086 1,082 4 Caiegory TIl (} 5 1 V 30 30 49 4,9 - VI 22 22 - 73 73 - VIII 293 292 1 276 873 3 IX 8 8 - 82 &2 - Total 34,5~9 19,452 15,147 49,794 32~~66 17,428 -DiTilion 7 and 8 " Category III - 35 25 10 IV 13,482 6,587 6,895 6,678 4,628 2,050 V 3,307 2,738 569 16,362 13.884 !,478 VI 1,515 1,309 206 2,690 2,126 564 VII 103 25 78 84 )0 74 vm 35 35 .,. 32 31 1 IX 16,157 8,758 7,399 23,913 1l,662 12,251 579 4,650 3,611 1,089 Divisionl9 .. Total 2,615- 2,036 Oategory III 7 6 1 ~3 42 1 V 98 .. 97 1 179 165 14. VI 1 I .... 6 6 - VII 6 6 - 33 33- - VIn 1 - 33 33 - IX 2,502 1,925 577 4:,3S6 3,332 1,024, 31 3 6 3 3 Divisioa~X •.• Total 34 III ... Ca~gory - - - IV 4: 1 3 .. - .. V 28 :,:, of 1 a VI ...... VO ... - .. - VIII ... - - ... i -, IX 2 2 - .. 142 B ,-OCCUPATIOIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONSAT WORK OTHER THAlICULTIVATION-(con,tl.) 8. PallaeM kIluk-(conold.) 9. Ud~ Iai~oon.ld.) Gode aM digi: n_tr D~cr,p~ion P."O'll8' MaIu F.males P"IQM MfIlu F~ (27) (28) (29) (SO) (31) (32) Diviaion 4: .. .. Tot!!.l 1,888 1,886 360 1,829 1.512 417 Cattgory m 1,'61 1,54J 320 1,753 1,374 379 IV 13S 95 4O 176 138 38· V - - II. ... VII - - ... - IX ------Di"rilioa i , L. - T.ta.l 257 187 70 'f50 6•• 84· eawto:rr ill 257 187 70 750 656 84 DiTiAon 6 I.' ". Total 807 602 5 448 4141 2- Oattgoq m S 2 ". 1 l' .. V 20 20, VI 55 55 ... 36 36 VIU 64:9 54:4: 6 381 87j I IX 1 1 () £) DiTiaiOll 7 and. 8 ... Total 85,113 20,841 140,819 84,488 18,591 15,897 Catesory ill 90 90 ,. IV 7,096 4,,908 2,188 5,380 3,001 2,379"" V l~,976 2,611 365 4:,24:2 3,i36 10tt VI 2,4,30 1,921 509 4:,915 3,078 1,837 VII 65 28 37 78 17 61 VIII 25 25 2Q 20 IX 22,981 l1,2fil 11,720 19,853 8,939 10.914· Diviaim 9 .~. Total 3,655 2,717 938 3,(09 2.4:53 115&, Cat.sory ill 13 13 5 5 I. V - 189 186 3, VI 10 19 1 33 33 vn vm 21 21 4: 4: IX 3,G01 2,164: 937 3,178 2,916 Q5S Dil'ili- X " Total 8Q 76 13 I) 5 fila.l'1~ m 4:8 47 1 - .,. .. IV • - 6 ... •• ..... V ... •• ... VI - - II , !l - - vn 17 4 •• '" VIII ~~ - - . ... - ..- ' IX I' 11 ••• .. - 14:3 8 V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFIOATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATIOI-(contd.) Worker, Total U,bCln (loris and digu numb" Ducription Per801'l8 Malu Ftmale, PUllan8 Malu l'"malu (1) (2) (3) (4:) (5) (6) (7) (8) All DbisioDS I" Total .. 923,870 ' 620,495 303,375 S54,451 272,044 82,407 Caiegoll III .. 67,016 40,746 26,270 41.053 22,274 18,779 IV .. 187,993 105,250 82,743 23,598 15.550 8,MS V .. 145,9,4t 125,858 20,588 94,588 SU17 13,166 '. VI •• 41,918 31,602 10,316 16,797 12,706 4,091 VII .. 92,307 77,286 15,021 53,779 47,824 5,956 vIlJ .. 21),275 24,748 527 19,884 19,424 460 IX .. 36M20 215.505 147,915 .104,757 72,849 31.901 DiTwon 0 •• .. Total .. 29,167 23,024 6,148 14,680 10,578 4,102 Ca~gory m ·. lOt 94 15 92 77 15 IV , . 48 48 ... 4J 42 ... V ·. 651 1103 48 539 492 47 VI .. 400 4:00 ... :.07 307 vn 156 1M Z 156 164, ·. -.! VIII o. 117 90 27 117 U& 27 IX .. 27,686 21,113' 6,051 13,&27 k9,4J6.1ii~ 4,011 -Group 00 .. .. ,Toial .. t,ogS 1,09'1 1 856 856 'i .. Category m .. 30 80 .. 28 28 .. V .. 226 226 202 202 264 264 .. VI ·. J91 191 ... m .0 24 24 24 :':4 VIII ·. 3' 33 21 3. - 521 G20 IX " 1 378 378 Family 000 .. .. Total .. 18 1a .. U 11 - Category V ·. 12 I! 12 12 - 1 1 .. VI ·. I 1 - FaWIf 001 •• •• •• Total .. 290 290 2341 2M .. Category III 4: 4. .,. • 0 ... 4- .. V ·. 26 26 26 26 VI 165 1M ... 125 125 ·. roe VIII ... 3 3 .. ~ 3 91 92 .. IX " ''16 76 .. 1'..u,.OO2 • • •• •• Total. . .140 140 ., 126 12' .. Cattgol1 III .. I) I) li :; V 7' 74, 83 61 - VI .. 8 8 6 6 -.. VII ·, 8 S Ii 8 ... (0 , , VTIr .. G 6 .... I IX .j at 38 3' 3S 0 .. 144 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Worku!! " Totli,l Urban Code _ ii,it flum.er Description Pe"80'll8 Male8 Femalea PerllonB Malea FemaU. (1) (2) (3) (~) (Ii) (6) (7) (8) Faailly 003 Toial .. 249 249 233 Z83 Category ill .. .2 2 2 .2 V .. 69 69 66 66 VI .. 17 17 ,>0 16 16 VII .. 10 10 10 10 VIII ,. 18 18 18 18 IX ., 133 133 121 121 J'amily OOt ,~. Total .. 13 13 12 12 Category V .. 4: 4: 3 3 IX " 9 9 9 9 1&mil1 005 Total .. 7 7 1 1 Category V .. 1 1 1 I IX 6 6 family 0015 ~Total •• 3 S 3 3 Category m ... 3 3 - 3 3 Funily 007 TotOoI ., 250 249 1 142 142 Category m 8 8 6 6 VI .. 34 34 25 25 VIII .. 2 2 2 2 ' . - ~,- IX 206 205 I 109 109 FMIily 1)09 Toi.1 .. 133 138 92 82 ... Category ill .. S 8 8 8 V .. 40 40 31 31 VI 39 39 18 18 VII .. 6 6 6 6 VIII ., 4: 4 b' 4 4, IX .. 36 36 25 25 Greup 01 Total .. 7' 74 63 M 3 C.. ~gocy J 1 " m " 1 I V .. 25 25 17 17 vn .. 10 10 10 10 VIII .. 1 1 1 1 I .. IX .. 4,1 37 4: 34 31 3 IPI,.1O .. Total .. fa 40 3 42 39 3 Category m ." 1 1 - 1 1 V - U 1% It 12 ...- vn 7 7 7 '1 - 23 IX ... 20 3 22 19 -3 14~ B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSWCATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER/ HAN CULTIVATION-(contd.} Worker8 r- ---, Total Urban Clode and digit number De8criptwl1 --~ PereonB Males Females PecTSOW3 Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Falnily 011 . Total .. 13 13 13 13 Category 'V 5 5 5 5 VII .. 3 3 3 3 IX .. f) f) 5 5 Family OIS Total .. 5 5 4 4 CategoI'y VIII .. 1 1 1 1 IX 4 4 3 3 .. Family 015 Total .. 1 1 •• Ca.tegory V .. 1 1 .t Fa.mily 019 Total " 16 15 1 4 4 0; Category V 7 7 ..• .. IX .. 9 8 1 4: 4: .. Group 02 Total .. S30 321 9 121 114 7 Category TIl ., 23 23 10 10 V 2 2 2 2 .. IX .. 305 296 9 109 102 7 Fa.mily 020 Total .. 21 17 4 18 14 (. Category III .. 1 1 1 I IX .. 20 16 4 17 13 4 Family 021 Total .. 186 184 2 41 39 2 Category V .. 2 2 2 2 IX .. 184 182 2 39 37 2 Family 023 Total .. 89 86 3 54 53 1 Category III .. 20 20 9 9 IX .. 69 66 3 45 44 1 Family 029 Total .. 34 S4 8 8 Category III .. 2 2 " IX .. 32 32 8 8 Group 03 Total .. 1,794 1,607 187 1,078 936 142 Category III .. 2 2 2, , 2 ". IV .. 7 7 7 7 V .. 6 5 I 5 1 VI 1 I 1 1 VII .. 9 , 9 9 9 VIn 11 10 1 11 10 1 IX .. 1,758 1,573 185 1.042 902 140 c-19 148 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(lJOntd.) Workers Total Urban 0006 aM digit ~number Description Persons Males Female/! Persons Males Fgmale3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Fa.mily 030 Total .. 387 302 85 304 230 74 It Category III .. 1 1 1 1 V .. 2 1 1 2 1 1 VI .. 1 1 1 1 VII .. 3 3 3 3 VIII .. 9 :::I 1 9 8 1 IX .. 371 288 83 288 216 72 Family 031 Total •. 294 277 17 145 134 11 Category IV .• 1 1 1 1 IX •• 293 276 17 144 133 II Family 032 Tota.l •• 362 346 16 154 151 3 Ca.tegory IV •• 1 1 1 1 V .. 3 3 3 • , 3 IX. .. 358 342 16 150 147 3 Family 033 ". 1· .. Total " 558 503 55 323 278 45 Ca.tegory IV .. 5 5 5 5 ... V .. 1 1 1 1 vn 4: 4: 4 4: .. IX .. 548 493 55 313 2tiS - 45 Family 034 Total ., 2 2 2 2 Category IX .. 2 2 2 Family 035 Total ., 23 21 2 23 21 2 Ca.tegory VIII., 1 1 1 1 JX .. 22 20 2 22 20 2 Family 039 .. Total .. 168 158 12 127 120 7 Category ill .. 1 1 o. 1 1 VII 2 2 2 2 VIII •. 1 1 1 1 . IX .. 164 152 12 123 116 7 Total .. 2,596 1,561 1,035 1,873 1,115 758 Group 04 .0 - .. Category III .. 31 20 11 31 20 11 V .. 85 46 39 82 44 38 VI .. 1 1 1 I VII .. 38 36 2 38 36 2 vm .. 51 32 19 51 32 19 IX .. 2,390 1,426 964 1,610 982 688 147 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSlrlCATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION·-(rontd.) Worker8 ~------.Total Urban Code aM digit number Deacription Per80ns Malts Females Persons Males Females (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 040 Total •• 568 118 450 462 100 882 Category lIT .. ,6 6 6 6 V .. 18 4- 14 18 4- 14 VITI .. 13 1 12 13 1 12 IX .. 531 113 418 425 95 330 Fa.mily 04l Total .. 350 350 233 233 Category In .. 3 .. 3 3 3 v .. 15 ., 15 15 16 VIII ., I) I) I) I) IX " 327 327 210 210 Family 042 Total .. 256 152 1M 163 92 71 Category III .. 7 5 2 7 5 2 v .. 13 6 7 10 4- 6 vn " 1 II 1 1 1 VIII ",. 14- 12 2 14 12 2 IX .. 221 129 92 131 71 60 Family 043 Total •• 527 481 46 469 424 Category III. I 9 9 9 9 V " 27 25 Z 27 25 l! VII .. 36 35 1 36 35 1 VIII .. 11 11 11 11 IX .. 444 401 '43 386 344 Family 044 I. Total •• 44 5 38 34 • Category IX •• 44 5 38 34 , Family 045 I. Total I. 3 3 1 Category IX •• 3 3 1 Family 046 Total •• 431 404 27 361 845 16 Category m 3 3 3·· 3 v ... 1 . .1 .. 1 1 ... VI .. 1 I 1 1 VIII .• 6 () 6 6 4-20 393 27 ., 35(»- ,,334 16 Family 047 Total •• , 4 4 4, Category V " 3 3 3 3 VII .:. 1 1 1 I Family 049 .,_. Ii' Ir. Total 0" 413 860 53 142 115 27 Category m 3 3 Irl 3 3 V ... 8 7 1 8 7 1 VITI.,. 2 2 mo j. 2 IX .. 4:00 348 52 129 103 26- o-19A 148 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Worker8 Total Urban Cork and digit number Description ----'-- Persons Malee Female8 Per80ns Males Femalea (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Group 05 Total .. 14,063 9,648 4,415 7,084 4,054 3,030 Category III ., 7 3 4: 7 3 4 V .. 19 19 18 18 VIII ·. 7 7 7 7 IX ., 14,030 9,626 4,404 7,052 4,033 3,019 Family 050 Total .. 755 573 182 445 380 65 , Category IX .. 755 573 ' 182 445 380 65 Family 051 Total .. 2,559 1,751 ' 808 1,606 938 668 Category V .. 4 4: 4 4 IX ., 2,555 1,747 808 1,602 , 934 '668 Family 052 Total ·.... ' 7,517 4,636" 2,881 3,804 1,846 1,958 Category V ., 7 '1, 6 6 IX .. 7,510 4,62~, 2,881 3,798 1,840 1,958 Family 053 Total 165 11S 50 .. 163 114 49 Category IX .. 165 115 50 163 114 49 Family 059 Total .. 3,067 2,5l3 494 1,066 776 290 Category III 7 '3' 4 7 3 4 V ., 8 8 8 8 VIII II 7 " 7 7 7 IX ·. 3,045 2,562 483 1,044 765 279 Group 06 •• ... Total , . 624 623 1 553 552 1 Category V .. 5 5 5 5 IX u 619 618 1 548 547 1 Family 060 .. - - Total .. 33 33 30 30 Category IX " 33 33 30 30 " Family 061 Total 437 436 1 424 423 1 .. .. - .. L Category V 4 4 4: 4 .. • IX .. 433 432 1 420, "' 419 1 Family 062 - - .. Total ·. 42 '42 .. 38 38 Category V ,. 1 1 1 1 " IX •• 41 41 37 37 Family 069 .. .. Total ·. 112 t12 61 81 Ca.tegory IX .. 112 112 •• tl 61 .. 149 B V;_QCCUPATIONAL CLAJSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OT)lER'THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workers -...., Total Uroo .. Obde and digit number Description r" ---.. r--- Persons Males FemalC8 Per80f1,8 Malcl1 FemalelJ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (S) Group 07 TQtal .. 782 604 178 448 419 29 Category III .. 4 4 4 4 V .. 72 70 2 63 61 2 VI 3 3 3 3 VII 67 67 67 67 VIII .. 7 7 7 7 IX .. 629 453 176 304 277 27 Family 071 Total .. 297 295 2 287 287 Category HI .. 1 1 1 I V .. 41 41 .. 38 3B .. VI ., 3 3 3 3 VII " 67 67 61 67 .. VIII '. 7 7 7 7 .. IX 178 176 2 171 171 Family 072 Total .. 13 13 to 10 Category V " 1 1 1 1 .. IX ., 12 12 9 9 Family 073 Total " S 2 2 2 Ca.tegory V " 1 1 1 1 IX 1 I " 1 1 Family 074 Total .. 1 1 1 1 Category V 0' I 1 I 1 Total , Family 075 . 1 1 1 1 , . Category IX .. I 1 1 1 FBmily 076 ...... Tota.l .. 438 264 174 146 117 29 Category m , . 3 3 3 3 .. V ,. 29 27 2 23 21 j IX .. 406 234 172 120 93 27 Family 077 " Total .. 18 17 1 Category IX .. 18 17 1 Family 078 .. .. o • Total .. 7 6 1 .. .. Category IX '1 6 .. 1 01 .. .. ," Total Family 079 •• •• ..• ." 5 . 5 '0' t 1 ._,. Category IX , 5 5 . 1 1 .. ... 150 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN' CULTIVATIOI-(contd.) Workers -. Total Urban Oode and digit number Description "-- Per80ns Male8 Ferooles PerBOns Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Group OS •• Total " 1,880 1,754 126 859 797 62 Category III , . 1 IV .. . 41 41 35 35 V .. 73 73 48 48 16 13 13 VI .. 16 " VII .. 2 2 tI. 2 2 1 VITI .. 1 1 " 1 IX ., ; 1,746 1,620 126 760 698 62' Family 080 .. Total .. 21 18 3 12 11 1 Category V .. 1 1 1 1 IX .. 20 17 3 11 10 1 Family 081 Total 84 84 78 78 Category V .. 26 26 26 26 VITI .. 1 1 1 1 IX .. 57 57 51 51 Family 082 Total .. 23 22 1 20 19 t Category VII .. 1 1 1 1 IX .. 22 21 1 19 18 t Famdy083 Total ,. 154 154 127 127 Ca.tegory ITI 1 1 IV .. 4 4 2 2- V •• 24 24 15 15 VI .. 16 16 13 13 VII " 1 1 1 1 IX .. lOS 108 96 96 F~y084 Tota.l .. 57 57 87 87 Ca.tegory IV .. 37 37 33 33 V •• 20 20 II. 4 4 •• Family 085 Total .. 212 129 83 I) 24 21S Cawgory IX .. 212 129 83 50 24 21) Family 086 Total .. 1,016 984 82 491 460 3t Category IX .. 1,016 984 32 491 460 31 Family 087 Total .. 278 273 5 17 15 Z Category IX .. 278 273 5 17 15 2 Family 089 .. Total •• 35 33 2 27 26 1 Category V ,. 2 2 2 2 "e IX " 33 31 2 25 24 ) 151 ! B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX or PERSONS AT WORK OTRES THAN CULTIVATIOlf-(cofttd.) Workers Tota! Urban Gode and digit number Description r- Persons Males Females Per80ns Male8 Female, (1) (2) (3) {4} (5) (6) (7) • (8) Group 09 .. Total .. 342 340 2 302 300 2 Category III ., 10 10 9 9 V .. 79 77 2 71 69 2 VI .. 90 90 73 73 VII ·. 6 6 •• 6 6 VIII II 6 6 • • 6 6 IX .. 151 151 • • 137 137 Family 090 .. Total .. 226 226 ., 207 207 Category III .. 4, 4, 4 4 V .. 52 52 48 48 VI .. 74 74 63 63 - 1 I I VII • I 1 VIII .. 4 4 .. 4 4 IX II 91 91 87 87 Total 50 50 38 88 Family 091 " .. .. .'. Ca.tegory In .. 3 3 ·. 2 2 V ·. 17 17 13 13 VII .. 1 1 1 1 IX .. 29 29 22 22 Family 099 Total .. 66 64 2 57 55 a Ca.tegory III ., 3 3 3 3 V .. 10 8 2 10 8 2 VI .. 16 16 10 10 .. VII .. 4: 4: ·. 4: 4: .. 2 2 2 vm .. ·. 2 , I IX .. 31 31 .. 28 28 Group OX •• ., Total ., 5,580 5,395 185 1,443 1,375 68 Category V .. 59 55 4: 25 21 J 4 VI .. 25 25 .. 25 25 IX .. 5,496 5,315 181 1,393 1,329 -64 ramilyOXO • :t Total .. 2,854 2,760 94 614 600 14 Category IX .. 2,854 2,760 94 614 600 14 family OX1 .. .. Total .. 1,669 1,618 56 453 414 38 CaWgory IX .. 1,669 1,613 56 453 414 39 'Family OX2 .. •• .. Total .. 821 802 19 214 214 Category IX .. 821 802 10 214 214 Fllmily OX3 ... .. Total .. U3 103 to 78 68 10 Category IX .. 113 103 10 7& 68 10 152 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK . OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workers Tolal Urban Oode and digit number De8cription Per80ns Males Females Persons Malee Ferooles- (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family OX9 Total .. 123 117 6 84 79 & Category V .. 59 55 4 25 21 4 VI .. 25 25 25 25 IX 39 37 . 2 34 33 I Division 1 .. Tota.l .. 20,824 19,429 1,395 11,133 10,791 342.- 4, Category III " 163 91 62 81 77 IV .. 22 ]5 7 22 15 7 V .. 3,922 3,808 114 3,217 3,140 77 VI .. 1,364 1,351 13 870 869 I VII .. 953 936 17 854 839 15 VIII •• 709 707 2 568 566 2' IX .. 13,701 12,521 1,180 5,521 5,285 236· Group 10 .. Tota.l .. 6,443 6,301 142 1,910 1,887 23 Category IX .. 6,443 6,301 142 1,910 1,887 23. Family 100 ," Total .. 1,270 1,265 5 8SG 832 4 Category IX .. 1,270 1,265 5 S36 832 4, Family 101 Total .. . 1,368 1,338 SO 680 668 12' Category IX .. 1,363 1,333 30 680 668 12" Family 102 Total .. 117 111 6 33 31 Z Category IX o. 117 III 6 33 31 2'" Family 103 Total .. 29 28 1 5 5 Category IX .. 29 28 1 5 5 Family 104 Total .. 3,636 3,536 100 355 850 5· Category IX .. 3,636 3,536 100 355 350 5- Family 109 Total .. 28 28 1 1 Category IX .. 28 28 1 Group 11 .. Total .0 729 716 13 671 660 11 Category VII .. 729 716 13 671 660 II Family 110 Total .. 218 217 1 218 217 t Category VII .. 218 217 1 218 217 I Family 111 Total .. 511 4?~ 12 453 443 10 Category VII .. 511 499 1 453 443 1t 153 / B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX 0(1' PERSONS AT WORK OTHE~ THAl{:CULTIVATlOIf-(contd.) . Worker8 Total U,ban Code an{!. digit number Dtscription Males Females PerlOn8 Malu l'frlIfiIu (1) (2) (3) (5) (6) {7} (i) Group 12 •. Total 224 220 4 183 170 Category VII .. 24- 220 4 183 17' Family 120 Total •. 181 177 157 151 Category VII .. 181 177 157 153 Family 121 Total •• 35 35 24 2~ Category VII •• 35 35 24 24. .. F&JllHy 129 .. Total _ 8 8 2 2 .. Category VII _. 8 8 2 2 .. Group 13 .. T•• I • • 13,418 12,191 1,286 8,369 8,"5 304 Cat.egory III • • 153 91 62 81 77 4: IV _ 22 Iti 7 22 15 7 V _ 3,922 3,80a 114: 3,217 3,14:0 77 VI _ 1,3M 1,351 13 870 8&1 1 VIII _ 709 707 2 588 J IX _ 7,258 11,220 1,038 3,611 3,398* 2lJ Family 130 Total 00 1f5 83 82 79 75 Category m to 145 83 112 79 75 Family 131 .:. Total • t .1,364 1,361 13 870 1 Category VI •• I,SM 1,351 13 870 1 Family 132 .. .. Total _ 8 5 3 1 1 Category IX_ 8 5 3 1 Family 133 Total .• 3,9M 3,S!I 121 3,239 84 Category IV .. 22 15 7 22 7 V .. 3,922 3,808 Hi 3,217 77 Family 134 Total •• 709 707 2 588 51. 2 Ca.tegory IX .. 709 707 2 5~8 ieG 2 Family 135 Total .,. 8,654 ·5,717 937 3,188 !,07S 195 Category IX .0 6,654 6,717 937 il,1~8 2,973 195 Family 136 Total •. 569 471 98 415 WI 18 Category IX 'co 1569 471 98 ~lli 397 18 Total _ Family 139 I. ... - 35 35 ,. 2t Category ill ... B 8 II 2 'I· IX L" 27 27 0-20 " 15' B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATI.oN (contd.) Work6r1 Total Urban a.. ..,MgU awN" Dueriplio" Perroru Males FemakB P6r80n8 Male, Female, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Diviaioo S •• Total .. 28,413 27,808 605 23,6'16 . 23,138 538 Carogory m .. 596 579 17 483 471 a IV 5 5 5 5 V •• 5,.158 5,483 75 4,59t 4,532 59 VI .. 763 748 15 606 591 15 VII .• 8,154 8,121 33 7,417 7,384 33 VIU ,. 2,004 2,021 43 1,880 1,843 37 IX .. 11,273 l(i,SU 422 8,694 8,312 382 Qronp 10 .. Total .. 4,069 4,036 33 3,539 3,513 26 Category III ,. 55 50 5 45 44 1 V .. MO 65. 6 534 530 4 VI .. 25 24 1 22 21 1 VII .. 2,064 2,058 6 1,905 1,899 tj VIII .. 301 296 5 271 266 5 IX 964 954 10 762 753 9 :ruillf200 Total •• 3,104 3,076' 28 2,698 2,677 21 Ca~gory III .. 52 47 5 45 44 I V 514 50S 5 40S 405 3 VI .. 23 22 1 21 20 I VII •• 1,801 1,795 6 1,6M 1,648 ,; VIII .. 124 123 1 109 108 1 IX .. 590 580 10 461 452 9 P~y201 Tot.l ,. 62'7 625 2 ~'12 570 2 Category III .. S 3 .. V .. HI 14:5 1 1M 125 1 VI .. 2 2 1 I VII .. 263 261 251 251 VIII .. .fe6 45 1 44 43 IX .. 167 167 150 150 Total. •• 388 335 269 266 3 Category "VIII •• 131 128 3 lls ll5 3 IX .. 207 207 151 151 Total 900 805 95 823 Group:U '. •• "" 734 811 Category III .. 16 13 3 14 1% 2 V .. 188 176 12 172 161 11 VI .. 35 31 4 2ft 25 vn .. :m HIS 16 206 190 16• vm .. 19 15 • 19 15 4 IX ,. .31 375 56 383 331 52 155 B V-OOCUPATIONAL CLASSrFICATIOlf BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(wntd,) Wortu, Total Urban O~ and algi' number Delcrip~ion Per-Iortl Males P'emaJu PerlOftl Male, ,mtOIu (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 210 Total " 212 196 16 204 188 1. Cat6g(lry III " 4 4: 3 3 V ,(9 .(8 1 46 .5 I VI .. 9 9 8 8 VII" 64 58 6 ~4 58 , vm .. 5 4: 1 5 .( 1 IX " SI 73 S 78 70 , Fl!oJllily 211 Total , . 688 609 79 619 54& 7S Category III " 12 9 3 11 9 2 V .. 139 I28 11 126 116 VI 26 22 .( " 21 17 • VII " UT 137 10 Wl 13! 10 VIII , , 14 11 3 14 11 l IX , , 350 302 4:8 305 Ul 44. Gronp 22 •• Total .. S I 3 3 Category ill " J 2 1 1 V , , 4: • 1 IX .. 2 ~ .. 1 1 Family 220 To.al •• 4 4 ... 1 1 Category V •• 3 , IX .. 1 .. 1 1 ll'auill1 221 Total •. 1 t Category IT! .. I 1 - .. •• ... ~. Family 229 Total •• a , a 2 Ca~ory III •• 1 1 ... 1 1 V ... 1 1 .. 1 1 IX 1 1 Group 28 .. Total •• 11,772 17,893 380 15,080 14,718 I4t ill .. Categol'J 423 417 6 365 369 6 IV •• S 5 5 ti V •• 3.920 3,875 46 3,306 3,269 37 VI .. 469 459 10 391 381 10 vn .. ~,118 5,110 8 4,604 4,696 vm .• 1,471 1,441 30 1,350 1,:i28 24 IX ... 6.366 6,086 281 5,039 ,,780 !G~ e--eOA. 156 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSmCATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK / OTHER THAN CULTIVATIOJ-(contd.) Work~r8 Total· Urban Detel'iption Male8 Females Persons Males Funalu (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family %80 Total •. 11,931 11,605 326 10,269 9,963 306 Category m .. 278 273 5 244 239 IV •• 3 3 3 3 V .• 2,534: 2,501 33 2,237 2,205 32 VI .. 401 393 8 342 334 S Vll .. 2,614 2,611 3 2,117 2,314 3 VIII .. 1,237 1,209 28 1,189 1,166 23 IX .. 4,86' 4,t15 249 3,937 3,702 235 ' To ..l .. 5,841 5,787 54 4,791 4,753 Category III .. 145 144 1 121 120 IV .. 2 2 2 2 V .. 1,386 1,374 12 1,069 1,064 VI .. 68 66 2 49 47 2 VII 2,504: 2,499 5 2,287 2,282 5 VIII .. 23. 232 2 161 160 1 IX .. 1,502 1,470 32 1,102 1,078 24 GrGUp .. •• •• .. Total .. 5,664 5,567 97 4,251 4,172 '19 Category III .. 100 97 3 58 55 3 V .. 786 774: 12 578 571 7 VI .. 23~ 234 164 164 VII .. 761 758 3 702 699 3 VITI 273 269 4 240 236 4 IX .. 3,510 3,435 75 2,509 2,447 - 62 .,. Total .• 5,664 5,567 97 4,251 4,172 79 Category III .. 100 97 3 58 55 3 V •• 786 774 12 578 571 7 VI .. 234: 234 164 164 .. VII .. 761 758 3 702 699 3 VIII .. 273 269 4 240 236 4 IX .. 3,510 3,435 75 2,509 2,447 62 DiTisioJ13 •. .~. Total ,. 79,637 65,514 14,123 43,040 37,483 5,557 Category III .. 16 10 6 16 10 6 V .• 1,612 1,529 83 1,601 1,518 83 VII .. 77,;,n 63,368 13,983 40,765 35,34~ 5,417 VIII .. 301 301 301 3(' ... IX .. 357 306 367 306 51 Group SO •• .. Total •• 47,320 38,i83 8,737 23,442 3,984 C&t.~ory VII.. 4:7,320 38,583 8,737 23,442 3,984 Family 300 TOI&} .. 1,452 1.422 30 1.146 1,126 20 CatIJory VII •. 1,~52 1,422 30 1,146 ),)26 20 157 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER TitAlt' CULTIVATION-(oontd.) Worker8 Total Urban Oo,e aM! digit number D58cription Per80n8 Mak,' Female8' Per80M Malel Fmalu (1) (2) (3) (4c) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 301 Total .. 45,868 37,161 8,707 26,280 22,316 3,964 Category VII , , 45,M8 37,161 8,707 26,280 22,316 3,964: Group 31 .. Total ·. 911 873 38 681 644 37 Category V " 22 22 22 22 VIl .. 844 835 9 614 606 8 , VIII .. 9 9 9 9 IX ·. 36 7 29 36 7 ~IJ Family 310 Total .. 181 172 9 149 141 8 Ca~gory VII ·. 181 172 9 149 141 8 Family 311 Total · . 27 27 27 27 Category VII .. 27 27 27 27 Family 312 Total · . 21 21 21 21 Category V .. 6 6 6 15 VII .. 12 12 12 12 VIII .. 3 3 3 3 fsmilyaU Total .. '1 '1 7 '1 Cawgory VII ·. 7 7 7 7 'Family U!il •• ." Total ,. 675 646 29 477 448 Zif Category V .. 16 16 16 16 VII ·. 617 617 419 419 VIII ... ti 6 6 6 IX ·. 36 7 29 36 7 29 {}roup 32 •• .. Total " 2,463 2,425 38 2,379 2,342 31 Category III .. 16 10 6 16 10 6 V .. 1,152 1,146 6 1,150 1,144 6 VII .. 717 713 4 635 63.2 3 VITI .. 257 257 257 257 IX .. 321 299 22 321 299 !2 Family 3!O TotaJ .. t30 130 t26 126 Category VII ·. 130 130 126 126 Family 321 Total ·. 2,258 2,221 37 2,206 2,189 37 Category III .. 16 10 6 16 10 6 V .. 1,152 1,146 6 1,150 1,144 6 VII ·. 538 lJ35 3 488 485 3 VIII ·. 231 231 231 231 IX ·. 321 2\.19 22 321 299 tt 158 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSOlfS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Worker, Toto&' Urban o. old ,..,.,...-... D66enption PerlJOn8' Male, FemaZu PerlOnl' Mal" }lemaltt (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) (7) (8) F_1 Sit .. Total on 75 74 1 47 47 Category- VI[ ,,~ 48 1 21 ~l VIll -.. 16 26 26 26 ••- Gtonp a... Total •• 28,684 23,358 5,806 12,348 10,850 1,498 Category V II 438 361 77 429 352 71 VII 28,191 22,962 5,229 Il,S84 10,4:63 1,421 vm -.. 35 35 35 35 :ramil1Ia~ .. Total .. 18,111 14,838 8,273 8,521 8,010 5fJT Category V .. 428 351 77 4!~ U5 71 VII ... 17,652 14,4:56 3,186 8,074: 7,644 430 VIII 31 31 '" 31 31 Family 331 •• .. Tota.l .~. 8,441 8,533 1,908 8,813 J~23 9tIO ' V _ Category 10 10 7 7 VII _ 8,4.27 6,519 1,908- 3,802 J,81.2 980 VIII ... 4: 4 4: 4: Family 311t •• '.1 .. Total .. 2,112 11987 125 8 7 1 Category VII .. 2,112 1,987 125 8 7 I Total 279 275 Group 34- " .. 4 106 !06 1 Category VII .. 279 275 4: 206 205 1 Jamily 340 _. Total .. 194 190 4 i28 127 t Category VII " 194- 19() 4: 128 127 1 Family 34.1 " Total ., 85 85 78 78 Category VII .. 85 $5 78 78 ., .. Total Diy.if!ion' ., -, " 78,700 45,463 28,238 39,512 31,399 18,111 Categoty ill .. 60,246 36,145 24,101 37,985 20,126 17,859 IV ... 12,126 8,132 3,994 242 127 853 V _ 139 131 8 131 123 8 VI .l. 23 22 23 !2 1 Vll_ 566 504- &Z 559 4.97 at vm 6 6 6 6 IX .. 59! 522 72 566 498 68 ToW Gtooup:40 ... " 4,874 3,199 1,175 701 860 85 Cat.egor1 m -. 3,097 2,468 6%9 668 832 .2t IV " 1,2r;b 704 MS 18 6 10 V .. !4: U '4 2' .. U .. 3 3 3 3 - MD ; B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(eontG,) Worb:" Total Urban,1 0* 11M digfl ft.~M' Dt8Cription Perso'M Malei' Femaisit Pe'!s()'M . Malul Ji'8tMIu (l) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family40% .• Total .. 94 87 7 55 78 '7 Cat~gory III ,. 68 01 7 59 52 7 V .,' 24 24 24 24 IX .. ! 2 2 2 Family 4Q3 .. Tot&l ,. 568 565 3 545 544 1 C"togory III · . 568 565 3 545 5« 1 Family 464 •. Total .. 3,657 2,505 1,152 53 30 2. CltegGry III .. .2,406 1,800 606 36 23 13 IV .. 1,250 704 546 16 6 10 IX " 1 1 1 1 J?alUily 409 .• Total " 55 42 13 18 13 5 Category III " 55 42 13 IS 13 5 -Group 41 Total ., &5,4511 38,964 26,492 87,135 19,237 17,898 C.. tegory III .. 53,879 3(),9S0 22,949 36,184: 18,4:94: 17,690 IV .. 10,810 7,375 3,435 2.21 117 104 V " 45 41 4, 37 33 4: VI .. 1 7 7 7 VII .. 120 87 33 119 86 33 VIII .. 6 6 6 6 IX .. 589 518 71 561 494 67 Family 4JO •• Total .. 19 18 1 15 14 1 Category III .. 19 18 1 15 l4. 1 Fl\D1ily 411 •. Total .. 23,585 14,988 8,597 1,930 1,470 MO Category III .. 16,124 10,921 5,201 1,685 1,319 36fJ IV .. 7,421 4,031 3,390 205 117 88 IX ,. 40 34 6 40 34- 6 :Family H! •. Total " 1,366 1,003 363 1,251 923 821 C.. togory III · . 639 378 261 561 331 230 V .. 45 41 • 37 33 4 VI ,. 7 7 7 7 VII .. 120 87 33 III 86 as VIn .. 6 6 6 6 IX .. 549 484 65 521 460 61 Fa.mily 413 •. Total ., 4,833 4,757 76 33 13 %0 Category III .. 1,444 1,413 31 17 13 4 IV ·. 3,389 3,344 i5 18 1. 160 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIPICATION BY SEX OP PERSONS AT W(fRK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-{conId.) Worktr3 Total Urbtln Ooh and dlfT" tlllmbtr Description Per80n& Ma'lea F'MMlel Pmo'M Aialu 1'tmalu (1) (2) (3) (oi) (~) (~) (7) (8) .l'amily ~15 •• .. Total .. 34,240 17,2a1 17,009 33,278 16,a~7 1G,9S1 Category ill .. 34:,240 17,231 17,000 33,278 16,297 16,981 Family 4:19 •• .. Total ., 1~413 967 446 628 520 108 Category ill .. 1,413 967 446 628 520 IDS Group 42 Total " 50 50 46 ~ Category III 50 50 46 46 ., Total " 36 36 32 Family 420 •• ...... 33 ' .~ Category III .. 36 36 ... 32 32 Family~l •• .. Tota.l " 14 14: 14 a Category III .. 14: 14: H 14: Group 43 Total " 486 437 49 ~ 182 2a Category III " «2 403 39 201 178 23 IV " U U 10 4: 4: Family 4:31 •• Total " t66 419 47 196 - ·1'15 21 Category ill .. 431 394: 37 196 175 21 IV .. 35 25 10 Family 4:32 •• oro Total .. 2 2 Category IV 2 2 'amily 4:39 ... Total .. 18 16 2 9 7 .2 Ca~ory ill .. 11 9 ;2 5 3 -t IV .. 7 7 4: 4: .. Total 2,812 Group H .. ". " 3,a34 522 1,426 1.&68 15& r Ca.tegory m .. 2,778 2,294 484 89& 770 120 IV fl. 22 1~ 3 I •• 1 V .. 70 66 4: 70 G6 4 VI .. 16 15 1 10 15 I ., VII ,41 ~17 29 «0 HI 2~ IX .. '2 1 1 2 1 I ,., Total Family "0 •• " .. 386 3aa 3 98 9S 0".1'1 m ,. ass 333 a 98 .8 .. 161 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER/THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workm Tota! Urban Obde and digit number De8cription r-- Persons Males Females Per80na Males F'emoleB (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (S) Family 441 .. Total . . 349 295 '54 "'181 179 2 Category III .. 349 295 M 181 179 Z Fsmily 4:42 .• Total .. 1,922 1,846 76 925 851 74 Category III .. 1,376 1,336 . 40 401 361 40 IV 16 14 2 •• V .. 68 64: 4 68 64 4: VI .. 16 15 1 )6 15 1 VII ., 446 417 29 440 411 2~ Family 443 ., . Total .. 349 121 228 9'1 97 Category III .. 347 119 228_. 95 95 V 2 2 2 2 , . Ftunily 449 .. Total .. 878 217 161 124 44 80 ClltegO~ lIT 370 211 159 121 43 78 IV .. 6 5 1 1 1 IX .. 2 1 1 2 1 1 Division 5 .. Tota.l .. 3,935 2,605 1,330 728 568 160 Ca.tegory ITI .. 3,935 2,605 1,330 728 568 160 Group 50 Total .. 3,707 2,533 1,174 728 568 160 Category III .. 3,707 2,533 1,174 728 568 161) Family 500 •• Total .• 100 100 .. 98 98 Catogory III .. 100 100 98 98 Fa.mily 501 •• ' Total 3,562 2,418 1,144 630 470 160 Category III .. 3,562 2,418 1,144 630 470 160 Family 503 •• Total .. 1 1 Category III 00 1 1 Family 509 •• ·. Totsl .. 44 14 30 Category III .. 44 14 ao Group 59 ·. Total .. 228 72 156 Category III .. 228 72 156 Family 590 - • • Total o. 228 72 156 Ca.tegory III .. 228 72 156 0-21 162 B V-OCCUPATIOMAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF P RSONS AT WORK OTHER, THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.). . Workers ~ Total Urban DatU and digit numbtr Deecription . , .. - Peraon/] Male8' Females Per80ti6 Males FerrwJe, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Division 6 ., Total 00 18,014 17~844 170 13,009 12,875 134 ." - •• Category lIT •• 117 110 7 107 101 6 V 775 772 3 647 644 3 VI -.. 379 363 16 152 151 1 VB ... 276 273 3 276 273 3 VIII •• 15,153 15,021 132 10,649 10,537 112 IX 1,314: 1,305 9 1,178 ., •• . 1,169 9 O'l)UP 61 Total .. 21 21 2 2 Category VIII .. 21 21 2 2 •• Total F~y 610 .' o. ." .. ~1 21 2 2 .. Category VllI 21 21 2 2 G~up &3 •• .. • • Total .. 554 554 545 ' 545 Category VIn 554 554 545 ' 545 Family 630 Total .. 275 275 272 272 Category VIII .. 275 275 272 272 Family 631 Total 279 279 273 273 '_ Category VIII .. 279 279 273 273 Group 84 .. ., .. Total .. 12,719 12,679 40 9,530 9,503 ' 27 Category' III ., 108 104 4 98 95 3 V ., 743 743 •• 615 615 VI • • 178 178 •• 132 132 . VII .. 257 254 3 257 254 3 VITI .. 10,173 10,145 28 7,304 1,288 16 IX .. 1,260 1,255 I> 1,124 1,119 6 Total Family 640 of ...... 6 6 .. Category VIII o. 6 6 " .. Family 641 ,. ... •• Total .. 5,906 5,906 4,910 4,910 Category III .. 94 94 91 91 V .. 546 546 465 465 .. VI 133 133 98 .. 98 • • VII .. 195 195 195 195 vm 3 978 3,978 3,210 .. 1 3,210 .. IX .. 960 960 851 851 ... 168 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASsiFICATION BY SEX'OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) I Workers r- aod~ and digit number Descripion Tolal Urban' PersQns i'r1cll'.8 Femals Per8Qn Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 642 TOlial ·. 96 96 45 45 Category III ·. 1 1 1 I V •• 9 9 .. 9 9 VII .. 2 2 , .. 2 2 VIII .. 84 84 ... 33 33 Family 643: .. ' Total .. 4,437 ' 4,437 ..e 2,563 2,563 • • Category III • • 2 2 •• o • V •• 55 55 .'. 35 35 'VI 3 3 ... 3 3 VII .. 14 14 14 14 VIII •• 4,225 4,225 .. 2,381 2,381 IX ·. 138 138 130 130 Family 649 .. ' ·Total 2,274 2,284 40 2,012 1,985 27 Category III .. 11 7 4: 6 3 3 V .. 133 133 106 106 VI .. 42 42 31 31 VII 46 43 3 46 43 3 i; ·. VIII •• 1,880 1,852 28 1,680 1,66~ IG IX • • 162 157 is 14:3 138 5 Group 65 •• .. Total 363 383 190 190 •• Category VIII .. 363 363 190 190 • • Faroily650 Total 171 171 1 1 Category VIII .. 171 171 1 1 .. Familye51 Tot&l .. 157 157 154 154 .. Category VIII .. 157 157 1540 154 Family 652 .. Total .. 35 31i 35 35 •• C&te~ory VIII .. 35 35 35 31i ... Group 66 Total .. 859 859 568 568 ... Category VIII .. 859 859 568 568 •• Family 660 Total .. 273 273 .. 192 192 •• Category VIII , . 273 273 192 192 •• . Total tt Family 6&1 .. •• .. 16 16 9 9 •• Categury VIII " 16 10 9 • ... FaI1lily 662 Total .. 570 570 3G7 367 '0- Ca.tegory VITI .. 570 570 367 357 - C-2IA 1~4 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN OULTIVATION-(contd.) Workers Oode and digit number Dt8Gription Total Urbwn- r- Per80iUJ ,fl{aleB ' FemalelJ Persons Male"s Female8 (1) (9) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Group 67 ., Total ,. 383 279 .04 352 252 100 Category. III ·. 3 3 3 3 V ·. 17 14 3 17 14 3 .' VI .. 2 1 1 1 1 VU 6 6 6 " " 6 ., vm II 309 213 U6 279 187 92 IX 46 42 46 " " 42 4 Total 272 180 92 260 Family 670 ,. .. " 171 89 Category , ill " 3 3 3 3 17 14 :1 V " 17 14 3 VI ,. 2 1 1 I I vn · , 6' 6 .. 6 6 ., 216 VIII " 132 S4 205 124 81 IX .. 28 24 4 28 2,4 4. F~Uy671 Total ., M 44 10 53 43 10 Category VIII .' 54 44 10 53 ·,'43. 10 Total Family 672 " 31 30 1 24 23 1 Category VIII ., 16 15 1 9 S 1 IX " . 15 15 15 15 •• Family 679 Total 26 25 1 15 15 '. - -', Category VIII " 23 22 1 12 12 IX " S 3 3 3 Group 68 •• Total ,. 930 927 3 420 417 3 Category III .. 6 3 3 6 3 3 V .. 10 10 10 10 VI ., 19 19 19 HI ,VII ., 13 13 " 13 13 n VIII .. 874 814 3~~ 364 IX . , 8 8 .. 8 S .-- .. F8lDily 680 ., Total ., 656 656 302 302 Category VIII 656 656 302 .. 302 ." F~y6S1 Total 274 211 3 118 115 8 Category DI " 6 3 3 6 3 S V 10 10 10 10 .. VI " 19 19 19 19 ... VII .. 13 13 13 13 .. VIII ,. 218 218 62 61 ... IX S 8 " 8 8 .. 166 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(eoma.) WQ1'ker8 Total Ur~an, Oode and digit numbeT ~8criptio'/l Persons Malea Females Per80ns Males (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 702 .. . Total • • 78,206 29,701 48,505 26,317 16,099 10,218 Ca.tegory IV. • 43,226 3,297 39,929 4,306 248 4,058 V •• 34,980 26.404 8,576 22,01l 15,851 6,160 Family 703 .. Total •. 2,836 2,806 30 149 120 . Category IV •• 2,727 2,702 25 60 35 v .. 109 104 . I) 89 85 53,147 12.855 11,i29 Fanilly 70~ .. o • To,al •• 69,569 1,72& Category IV • • 61,465 45,471 7,769 6,327 1,442 V.. 8,104 7,676 5,086 4,802 2Si 391 Family 705 • I .~, Total •• 391 391 .. 391 Category V.o 391 391 .. 391 391 Total .-. 2,160 1,917 243 1,211 1,118 Ftmilly 706 " o. 556 451 105 , Category IV •• .. " V •• 1,604 1,466 138 l,2ll 1,l1S Family 707 ...... Total .. 1,005 933 72 542 Ce.tegoty IV I • 6S 25 23 V •• 937 91)8 51~ Family 708. o. ... Total •• 5,849 4,064 1,785 . 140 Oategory IV., 5,059 3,294 1,765 70 V I. 790 770 20 4: " Family 709 ... •• Total ... 15,012 9,999 5,013 4,526 3,483 1,OU - Category IV., 4,151 1,537 2,614: 131 131 " V ... 10,861 8,462 2,399 4,395 3,352 1,043 1,361 7,813 7,184 Group 71 •• t' Total • • 12,6'7 11,308 Ca.tegory IV ... 3,537 2,601 936 1,812 1,503 30~ V •• 9,048 8,623 425 5,939 5,619 320. 55 VII II 15 75 .. 55 VIII 7 7 7 , 9,420 204 5,645 FamiJy71Q .~ ... .. Total .. 5,503 Cawgory IV_ 1,596 1,507 89 500 453 41 V •• 7,947 7,832 115 5,084 4,989 95- vn ... 74 74: .,. 54 54 VIII.,. 7 7 OIl 7 7 '. 'amily 711 ., •• ti.I Total "" 8 7 1 7 t CifMIgory IV •• 2 2 .. 2 V t. 6 5 1 Ii < 167 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN ,CULTIVATION-(eonld), i Worker .. Total Urban 0006 and, digit number Description J 'Persons Males Females Persons Malca Femalea (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Familr 713 ' •.. Tota.l 2 2 .,. 2 2 .. ' , .. - - Category V 2 2 .;. 2 2 - • • • ]'a.rnijy 714 .. Total 256 255 1 222 222 Category IV ·. 2i4 213 1 209 209 V '41 • 0 .. 41 t' 12 12 VII o. 1 1 •• 1 F8J:llily 715 •• lotal .. 1,044 581 463 709 549 160 Cate(Ory IV .. 9.7 517 430 631 502 129 V o. 97 64 33 7& 47 31 .Fmnily 719 .. Total .. 1,733 1,041' 692 1,227 901 326 Oatttgory IV .. 778 362 416 470 337 133 V .. 955 276 .757 564 lU Group 72 •• Total .. 7(1.77 7,044 233 1,536 1,504 3Z. Category IV o. 5,076 4,906 170 543 539 4 V .. 2,1.22 2,060 62 914 887 27 VII .. 79 78 1 79 78 I Family 720 .. "Total .. 5,755 5,721 34 1,377 1,368 9 Category IV 4,145 4,145 528 528 V .. 1,610 1,576 34 849 840 9 Family 721 .. Total .. 862 708 154 26 21 i Category IV .. 425 275 150 5 1 4 V " 437 433 4 21 20 1 FalDlly 722 Total ·. 32 29 3 12 29 3 Category V ·. 30 27 3 30 27 3 VII 2 2 .. .. 2 2 •• Family 729 ._ Totsl .. 628 586 42 101 86 to Category IV .. 506 486 20 10 10 V .. 45 24 21 14 l4. vn .. 77 76 1 77 76 1 Group 73 •• Total .. 5,223 5,223 3,253 3,253 Category III .. 31 31 31 31 IV .. 948 948 .. 243 243 V ·. 4,062 4,062 .. 2,791 2~791 VI .. 34 34 3-& 34- Vill •• 1408 148 149 148 168 B V~OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK , OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(confd.) Workers Total Urban Oode and digit number DC8criptio1l Pp,rsons Males Femal€lt Persona Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) F~y730 ,'. Total 189 189.. '173 '173 Categol'Y ill .. I I .. I 1 IV , . 3 3 1 1 V ,. 172 172 158 H,S ,. " VI .. 8 8 8 8 VIII II 6 0" 5 5 " " Family 731 Total " 28 28 21 21 Category V , . 26 26 . 19 19 VI ,. 2 2 2 2 Total 27 27 26 Family 732 " 26 ... Category V , 27 27 26 . , 26 , ~ ' ., Total 2,786 2,786 Family 733 ' . " 1,646 1,646 •• Ca.tegory ill ,. 30 30 30 30 IV ", 915 915 235 \ 235 V ., 1,744 1,744 1,284 1,284 VI .. 24 24 24 24 vm " 73 73 73 73 .o. Family 734 Tota] ., 1,984 1,984 1,371 1,371 Category IV " 9 9 7 7 V 1,905 1,905 1,294 i,29f' VIII " 70 70 10 70 , Family735 " , Total " 23 23 4 4 Category IV 13 13 10 .,. - " .. ... V 10 10 4 " 4: •• Total ., Family 739 186 186 12 12 I:. Category IV ,. 8 8 •• V , . , 178 178 12 12 I •. Gronp 74 ., " " Total ',. 7,728 7,728 5,480 5,480 Category IV .. 3,193 3,193 1,544 1,544 V ., 4,373 4,373 3.779 3,779 VII " 162 162 157 157 Fa.mily740 Total .. 388 388 363 363 Category IV .. 26 26 22 22 V .. 326 326 308 308 VII .. 86 36 33 33 169 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER TJAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workera ~ Total Urban Code and digit numbsr Description I . Persr1'n8 Males Females Perso'fl,{J Males Fgmales (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Faroily 741 TotaJ. .. 6,841 6,841 .. 5,076 5,076 Category ~ ,. 2,901 2,901 1,514 1,514 V ,. 3,~37 3,837 3,461 3,461 VII , . 103 103 101 101 Family 742 Total ,. Group 75 •. Total .. 18,605 18,605 13,308 13,303 Category ill .. 72 72 72 72 IV ·, 2,004 2,004 676 676 V ·, 14,897 14,897 11,029 11,029 VI ,. 289 289 249 249 VII ,. 9 9 9 9 vm .. 1,018 1,018 983 983 IX .. 316 316 285 285 Fa.mily 750 .. Total , . 2,50t 2,501 1,783 1,783 Category In .. 1 1 1 1 IV .. '161 161 V .. 2,018 2,018 ". 1,471 1,471 WI ,. 262 262 252 252 IX ·. 59 59 59 59 Frunily 751 Total ·. 2,553 2,553 2,142 2,142 Category m .. 17 17 17 17 IV .. 6 6 6 6 V ·. 2,420 2,420 2,009 2,009 VITI .. 43 43 43 43 IX .. 67 67 ... 67 67 Fllornily 752 Total .. 1,470 1,470 1,141 1,141 Categocy. ill .. 14 ,14 14 14 IV .. 4. 4 4 4 V .. 1,246 1,246 935 935 VI .. 94 94 78 78 WI .. 112 112 110 110 Family 753 Total .. 6,437 6,487 5,096 5,096 Category ill .. 38 38 38 38 IV .. 334 334 82 82 V .. 5,512 5,512 4,459 4,459 VI .. 86 86 SIS 68 vm " 467 467 449 449 0-22 170 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workers Total Urban Cork ana digit numo8r De.roription Person8 Males li'ernal68 Persona Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) (7) (8) Family 754 Total .. 1,924 1,924 1,757 1,757 Category IV .. 582 582 551 551 V .. 1,341 1,341 1,205 1,205 VI .. 1 1 1 1 lamily 755 o. t t Total .. 571 571 501 501 Category ill ,. J 1 1 1 V .. 236 236 186 186 VI .. 103 103 98 98 VII .. 4 4: 4 4 VITI " 74 74 73 73 IX .. 153 153 139 139 Family 756 Total 898 893 801 301 Category m .. 1 1 1 I IV .. 1 1 .. V 370 370 280- " 280 VI .. 3 3 2 2 VIII " 18 18 " IS 18 Family 757 Total .. 739 739 .. 116 116 Ca.tegory IV .. 429 429 6 6 V .. 273 273 0" 73 73 VIII .. 37 37 ... 37 37 Family 758 Total .. 499 499 163 168 ,. Category IV 139 139 3 3 •• V .. 958 358 157 157 .. , VII .. 2 2 .. 2 2 .,' Family 759 . Total •• 1,518 1,518 304- 304 .. Category IV t. 348 348 flO .24 24 V .. 1,123 1,123 .,. 254 254 VI " .2 .2 2 2 Vll ... 3 3 - 3 3 ., VIII ."' 5 5 I 1 •• 0" 37 37 - 20 IX - 20 ... UI Total .,. 6,204 5,204 3,238 Group 76 .~. .. ." - 8,233 ... Category III t. 31 31 28 28 IV .. 13 13 ..- 7 7 ••- V •• 1,1l7 1,117 ... 887 887 ... VI ., 524 524 •• . 493 493 .. VII .. 145 a5 145 145 •• \1m .. 319 319 ..- 314: 314 .. IX ... 3,055 3,055 .-. 1,359 1;~G9 '" 171 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAI CULTIVATION-(ooJ'dd.) Worker8 Total Urban Oode and digit number D88cription Persons Males Females Per80'n8 Malss li'cmalu (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 760 ... " Total .. 2,178 8t178 1,676 1,676 Category ill .. 17 17 15 15 IV 7 7 5 5 V .. 742 742 618 ,618 VI ·. 328 328 319 319 .. VII .. 78 78 78 78 VITI ,. 109 109 107 107 IX ·. 897 897 534 534 Fe.mily 761 .. ... ' . Total .. 173 178 93 93 Category IV .. 3 3 .. V .. 63 63 26 26 VI .. 8 8 8 8 VII .. 1 1 1 I VITI .. 34 34 34 34- IX .. 64 64 24 24 Family 762 .,. Totel .. 256 256 251 251 CategorY' IV .. S 3 2 ~ V · . 175 175 171 171 VII 47 47 47 47 vm .. 18 18 18 18 IX. .. 13 13 -. 13 13 Total .. 1'S 18 ,. 18 18 FaDlily 763 - " Category VI 3 3 • 3 3 VIII .. 15 15 15 15 Family 7$4, - ... ,. Total .. 1.378 1,378 805 805 Category ill .. 12 12 12 12 V .. 72 72 72 72 VI .. 156 156 156 156 VII .. 12 12 12 12 VIII .. 126 126 126 126 IX .. 1,000 1,000 427 4.27 Family 769 - - .. Total .. 1,201 1,201 ' . 390 890 Oategory ill ., 2 2 1 1 V 65 65 " - .. VI " 29 2~ 7 7 VII .. 7 7 7 7 VIII .. 17 17 .t• 14 14: IX .. 1,081 1,081 ", 361 361 Gtollp 71 -. Total .. 14,491 14,088 408 5,550 5,5~ 48 Category ill .. 54 64 50 50 IV .. 6,671 6,378 293 827 820 -7 V .. 7,284 7,187 97 4,226 4,200 2& VI " 201 200 1 178 177 I VII .. 87 75 12 83 71 1 VIII .. 86 86 86 86 IX .. 108 108 100 100 .. 0-22A. - 172 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-{contd.) Worker8~ Total Urban Oode and digit number D68oripti()n Persons Males Females PersonB Males Fe1lU1ks (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) :Family 770 :no - - Total _ 12,032 11,694 338 4,474 4,486 38 Category III .. 50 50 ... 50 50 IV .. 5,599 5,324 275 528 524: 4: ,V .. 5,942 5,892 50 3,487 3,466 21 VI " 198 197 1 175 174 1 VII .. 64 52 12 60 4:8 12 VIII .. 81 81 81 81 IX .. 98 98 93 93 Family 772 Total .. 696 669 27 298 297 1 lCategory IV .. 109 109 3 3 V .. 568 541 27 276 275 1 VII .. 19 !'.} 19 19 Family 773 Tot-al .. 47 47 44 44- Category IV .. 1 I 1 1 V •• 41 41 38 38 ... VITI ... 5 5 .. (I 5 ... Fatnily 77" Total _ 1,109 1,100 9 275 ~74 1 - - - IV _ Category V _ 848 841 7 263 ~62 ' 1 261 259 2 12 12 " Fanilly 775 ... - Il' Total .. 21 21 ... ,jO ilr •• Category IV .. 7 7 1 1 '"~ V .. 8 S 3 3 VII .. J J 1 1 IX .. li 5 5 5 - Family 779 Total " 586 557 29 449 443 6 Category III 4 4 ,. IV .. 107 96 11 81 29 .2 V .. 464 446 18 410 406 4: VI .. 3 3 3 3 VII .. 3 3 3 3 ... IX .. 1) I) 2 2 .. Group 78 " .. •• Total .. 1,846 1,745 101 1,576 1,475 101 Category ill .. 3 I 2 2 2 IV .. 401 400 I 269 268 I V .. 543 447 96 509 413 9G VI .. 769 767 2 672 670 2 VII .. 18 18 18 18 - vm .. 46 46 46 46 .. ).X , . 66 66 60 60 - 173 B V-OCCUPATIONAL 9LASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER/THAN OULTIVATION - (coma.) WOrktlr8 Total Urban pode and digit numbtlr Desmption Persons Males Persons Males Femalea (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Pamlly7BO Total .• 1,846 1,745 101 1,576 1,475 101 Category ill .. 3 1 2 2 2 IV .. 401 400 1 269 268 1 V .. 543 447 96 509 413 96 VI .. 769 767 2 672 670 2 VII .. 18 IB 18 18 ym ., 46 46 46 46 IX .. 66 66 60 60 ~roup 79 .. Total .. 36,037 26,232 9,805 11,624 8,180 3,444 Category III .. 157 9 148 157 9 14& IV .. 45 35 10 2 1 1 506 ~ .. V .. 1.4~2 1,058 434 338 168 VI .• 34,342 25,129 9,213 10,958 7,831 3,127 VII .. 1 1 1 1 :Family 790 Total .. 3,916 2,683 1,233 1,436 819 617 Category ill .. 152 7 145 152 7 145 IV .. 45 35 10 2 1 1 V ., 811 568 243 370 246 124 VI .. 2,908 2,073 835 912 565 347 Family 791 Total .. 14,550 11,490 3,060 4,780 3,796 984 Category VI 14,550 1l,490 3,060 4,780 3,796 984 l'amily 792 Total ., 36 36 34 34 .. Category VI, • 35 35 33 33 VII .. I 1 I 1 :Family 793 Total .. 145 137 8 29 29 Category V •• 84 82 2 27 27 VI .. 61 55 () 2 2 Family 794 Total • . 81 79 79 77 2 Category VI. . 81 79 2 79 77 2 Family 795 Total .• 3,088 2,742 346 182 164 18 Category VI. . 3,OBS 2,742 346 182 164 18 Family 799 Total .. 14,221 9,065 5,156 5,084 3,261 1,823 Category m .. 5 2 3 5 2 3 V 597 408 189 109 65 44 VI .. 13,619 8,655 4,96! 4,970 3,194 1,776 Group BO •• Total .. 2,147 2,108 39 1,723 1,694 29 Category IV. . 50 47 3 40 37 3 V .. 2,092 2,056 36 1,678 1,652 26 VI •• 3 3 3 3 VIII .. 1 1 - 1 1 - - I IX .. 1 1 - 1 - 174 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Worker" Total Urban Oode and digit number Description Per81Yf1JJ Male8 Femal6s Persons Male8 Female" (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 800 Tota) .. 66 66 66 86 Category V .. 66 66 66 66 Family 801 Total .. 557 557 493 493 Category IV ,. 1 1 1 1 V .. 556 556 492 "92 •• Fanrily 802 Total ,. 10 11t 10 10 Category v .. 10 10 10 10 Family 803 - Total .. M2 342 299 299 Category V ·. 342 342 299 299 Family 8041 t .. Total " 682 610 22 863 34~ 2& Category IV .. 30 27 3 24 21 3 V .. 602 583 19 339 322 17' Family 805 ToW .. S 5 . 3 3 Category IV ,. 2 2 " V .. 3 S 3 3 .. Famuy806 .. Total , - sa SO 3S 35 Category IV " 7 7 7 '1 • • V •• 28 28 •• sa 28 Family 807 Total ,. 8 2 .. .8 a C&tegory V 00 1 1 1 1 ·.' VIII o. 1 1 1 1 ·. Family 808 Total .. 384 878 12 859 855 4 Category IV .. 8 8 S 8 V " 373 361 12 348 344 4 VI ·2 2 2 2 IX o' 1 1 1 1 F Ilolllily 809 o' , . TotaJ .. 114 109 5 93 88 5 Category IV .. 2 2 ... V ·. HI 106 5 92 87 I} VI 1 1 1 1 lilt Total 8,325 5,401 2,924 Group 81 .- .. .. - 1,230 888 842 1 I Category ill '" 2 1 2 1 IV .. 6,998 4,532 2,466 795 578 217 V ·. 1,319 862 457 427 303 li14, H vr .. {) {) ... 5 5 '" vn ... 1 1 1 1 ," .. ... 175 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd,) 'Workerl , Total Urban Oock ana digit number De8Cription P$r80na Mtika Fem ]'amily 811 Total " 6,442 4,408 2,036 1.005 743 262 Category IV .. 5,938 4,061 1,877 761 558 2{)3 V .. 504 345 159 244 185 5' .Family 812 TotaJ " 2 2 a 2 Category V .. 2 2 2 2 Family 813 Total " 10 7 3 10 7 S Category V " 10 7 3 10 7 3 .Family 814 Total •• 12 12 12 12 • Category V .. 11 11 11 11 vn .. 1 I 1 1 .Family 815 Total •. 203 164 39 120 98 aa Category IV .. 68 38 30 27 13 14 V •• 130 121 9 88 80 II VI .. Ii 5 5 5 :Family 819 Total •• 114 51 63 74 20 64 Oategory IV .. 15 11 4 ,. 7 7 V 99 40 59 67 13 54 -Group 82 •• .. Total ., 30,667 17,763 12,904 5,779 4,184 1,645 Category ill .. 2 2 2 2 ..• IV .. 20,348 10,524 9,824 949 641 308 V ., 8,190 5,876 2,314 3,534 2,476 1,058 VII 1,552 9" 605 719 601 118 IX .. 575 414 161 575 414 161 Family 820 Total " 3,210 1,987 1,223 1,515 889 626 Category IV .. 282 137 145 42 31 11 V 2,899 1,821 1,078 1,444 829 IX _" 615 29 29 29 29 - '" Total " 1,641 1,429 212 379 Family 821 852 27 Category 1,029 876 153 79 IV .. 72 7 V .. 612 553 59 300 280 20 Total ,. 3.28 253 75 18 Family 822 17 t Category IV 158 109 49 3 2 1 V .. 166 140 26 11 II VII .. 4 4 •• 4 4 ,.• 176 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Workers ~ ______A- ______~ Total Urban Oode and digit ?lumber DeBcription r------~~----__ _ Persona Males Females Persons Mal~8 Femaka (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 823 Total . . 20,802 10,602 9,700 412 291 121 Ca.tegory IV.. 17,977 8,837 9,140 226 140 86 V.. 2,325 1,762 560 186 . 151 35 Fwnily 824 Total • • 1,888 ·1,896 492 1,466 1,123 343 Category IV. • 283 226 57 196 159 3'T V.. 948 789 159 827 704: 123 VII.. 313 214 159 159 93 65 IX., 284 167 117 284 167 117 Family 823 Total • • 459 446 13 260 255 5 Category IV.. 105 95 10 41 38 a V.. 321 318 3 197 195 2 VII .. 38 3d 22 '22 ·. ralllily 826 Total .. 12 12 12 .. Category V •• 7 7 7 ·.. IX •• 5 5 5 ·...... Tota.l .. 349 328 21 257 238 Category IV •• 1 1 1 1 V •• 67 64 3 12 11 1 VII •• 281 264 17 244 227 17 Family 828 Total 786 410 876 329-·· 25f. Ca.tegory V •• 640 277 363 437 196 241 VII .. 48 40 8 48 40 8 lX I. 98 93 5 98 93 {) Family 829 ... Total •. 1,692 900 792 877 628 249 Category m .. 2 2 2 2 IV .. 513 244 269 361 199 162- V .. 205 142 63 ll3 92 21 VII .. 817 396 421 246 219 27 IX .. 155 116 39 155 116 39 Group 83 ,. .., •.• • • Tota.! •• 649 584 65 163 157 6 Ca.tegory IV .. 151 92 . 59 28 23 5 V .. 498 492 6 135 134: 1 Family 830 ...... Total •• 73 73 Category V •. 73 73 -... Family 831 Total .. 801 - .. .;.. 238 63 118 112 I 6 Category IV •• 90 31 59 28 23 & V •.• 211 207 4 90 89 1 177 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIfICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATI~N-(contd). WorkBrs Total Urban Oode and digit numbe1 Description I "- Pe1'801'18 Mallls Femalea Persons Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (S) Family 832 Total .. 95 25 3 3 Category V .. 25 25 3 3 Family 833 Total .. . 2 2 2 2 Category V •• Z 2 2 2 Family 834 Total •• 41 39 2 15 15 Category IV .. 1 1 ... .. V '0 4:0 38 2 15 15 •• Family 839 Total •• 207 207 25 85 Category IV" 60 60 o • .. V .. 147 147 25 25 - Group 84 .. Total .. 8,537 2,901 686 1,t12 1,6&8 S4S 1 1 1 Category III " 1 •• IV .. 966 664 302 221 143 84r V 2,502 2,173 329 1,62' 1,466 15i VII .• 68 64: 4: SO 57 l J<'&mily 840 Total •• 217 179 38 41 S9 I Category ur .. 1 1 1 1 IV .. 44 26 18 1 1 - V ., 162 143 19 3' 31 1 VII .. 10 10 7 7 - Family 841 Tlltal •• to 10 9 9 - Category V " 10 10 9 9 - Family 842 Total ,. 2,337 2,010 327 1,464 1,840 t21 Oategory IV ., 861 588 273 211 133 78 V .. 1,452 1,398 54 1,229 1,183 46 VII .. 24 24 24 24: ,.. Family 843 Total ,. 117 106 11 117 106 11 Ca.tegory V ., 114 104 10 lltl 104 10 VII 3 2 1 3 2 1 Family 849 Total •• 856 596 260 281 172 tot • Category IV •• 61 50 II 15 9 , V •• 764 5IS 246 240 139 101 vn .. 31 28 3 26 U 2 C-23 178 B V-OGCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN GULTIVATION-(contd), Workers_.A.___ _ Total OQd6 and digit numbM' Desc'I'i ption r 'ersons Male8 Females Pel'sons MaiM Fellwlc8 (1) (2) (3) (4} (5) (7} (8) Group S5 " Total " 9,697 5,167 4,530 4,453 2,688 1,765 Category IV .. ~,417 3,552 :J,865 2,!Hl 1,510 J ,401 V .. 2,244 1,580 tiM l,506 1,143 363 VII 27 26 .I. 27 26 1 VIII _, 4 4 4, IX .. 5 '5 Family 850 Total , - 7,342 3.• 838 2,873 1,475 1,398 Categol'Y IV, , 6,608 3,088 3,520 2,554 l,2S!! 1,26;') V •• 701 390 317 292 HiO 132 VII •• 27 26 1 27 26 1 " Family 851 .. Total '. 346 316 30 242 214 28 Category IV •• 12 12 12 12 •• V 330 300 " 30 226 l!)~ 28 , 4: VIII 4' 4 '4 F3J)lily 852 Total " 49 32 17 31 29 a Category IV •. 2 I 1 1 1 V .. 47 31 16 30 29 1 Fanilly 853 Tutal ,. 408 330, , 78 271 243 28 Category IV .. 101 53 48 2 V .. 307 277 30 261:1 243 . , .26 , :r6Jnily 854 Total 84 54 CategoJ;'y V •• 79 79 79 79 IX 5 5 5 Fanrily 855 Total " 21 21 15 15 *' Category IV 5 5 2 2 V .. 16 16 13 13 F8Jl1ily 856 Total •• 183 173 10 169 162 7 Category IV .. 56 48 8 5.2 47 .1 V .. 127 125 2 117 115 2 FMnily 859 Total 1,264 707 ' 557 768 466 302 Category IV .. 633 345 288 288 160 128 V .. 631 362, 269 480 306 174 Total .. 1,170 1,095 75 Group 81 ... ".. - 980 921 59 Category HI .. 9 7 2 9 7 2 IV .. 16 15 16 15 1 V " 812 747 65 654 605 411 VII _. 210· . 217 7 196 189 7 VIII 87 87, " 80 80 IX 29 21) 179 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFJCATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHEa, THAN CULTIVATION-{cor~td.) Workers Total Urban Oode and digit number Description I ~ Persons Males Female!! Per80ns ~Male8 Females (l) (2) (3) (4) (5) {6l (7) (8) Family 860 .. Total .. 200 189 11' 142 133 9 Category Ill, .. 2 1 1 2 I 1 V 117 111 6 78 74 4 VII .. 45 41 4 32 28 ~ VIII .. 16 16 .. H 14 IX 20 20 16 16 Family 861 Total .. 970 906 64 838 788 50 Category III .. 7 6 ' 1 '7 '6 1 IV .. 16 15 , 1 16 15 1 V .. 695 636 > 59 576 531 45 VII .. 172 169 3 164: 161 3 VIII .. 71 71 66 66 IX .. 9 9 9 , Group 87 .. Total .. 1,861 1,835 26 1,335 1,328 7 Category ' III .. 19 18 1 U 11 1 IV .. 2 '2 2 2 ... V .. 903 883 20 551 547 , VI .. 241 241 208 208 VII .. 24 24 24 24 vm .. 573 570 3 465 465 IX .. 99 97 2 73 71 I Family 870 Total .. 356 353 3 212 209 3 Category III .. 15 15 S 8 V .. 245 244 1 133 132 -'1 VI .. 29 29 23 23 VIII .. 20 20 20 20 IX .. 47 45 2 28 26 j }'amiiy 871 Total .. 101 101 62 62 Category V .. 86 86 47 47 •• VIII .. S 8 S 8 IX ", 7 7 '1 - '" Family i72 ... .~. Total .. S 8 - 7 7 ... Cat6gory V .. 6 6 ... 5 0 VI .. I 1 1 1 .-.. 1 IX .. 1 1 1 h Family 874 Total .. 68 68 48 .. Category V .. 11 11 8 VI .. 57 57 .. 40 C-2SA 180 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contd.) Worker, r- Total Urban OOlle and cligi# number Description Persona Males Females Persons Males Fellwie, (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 876 Total .. 1,190 1,168 22 934 931 3 Category ITI .. 3 3 3 3 IV , .. 2 2 2 2 V .. 4,90 471 19 355 352 3 VI ... 86 86 78 78 VII .. 24 24 24 24 VIII .. 545 542 3 437 437 JX .. 40 40 35· 35 Faurily 879 Total .. 138 137 1 72 71 1 Ca.tegory III .. 1 I 1 . 1 V ,. 65 65 3 3 VI ,. 68 68 66 66 IX .. 4 4 2 2· Total ., Group U •. 254J6ZO 128,383 126,237 54,557 82,400 22,157 Category III 1,1l2 582 530 992 474: fils IV .. 1 1 .. 1 1 V 4,185 3,325 860 .. 3,772 2,974 798 VI 2,305 1,264 1,041 1,851 915 936 VII 1,783 1,548 235 1,669 .. 1,436 233 VIII o. 3,844 3,611 233 3,554 3,315 HI9 IX 241,300 .. 118,052 123,338 42,718 23,245 19,473 Total 3,846 3,480 416 family 890 - 3,243 2,861 382 Ca.tegory III ,. 124 55 69 124 55 ~9 V .. 730 644 86 515 440 75 VI .. 158 92 66 128 83 45 VII 387 366 21 275 .. 254 21 VIII .. 2,360 2,19i 162 2,136 1,976 160 IX 17 '15 12 65 .. 53 12 Total , . 250,774 124,953 Family 899 ... 125,821 51,314 29,539 21,775 Category III .. 988 527 461 868 419 ~49 IV .. 1 I 1 V .. 3,455 2,681 774 3,257 2,534 723 VI .. 2,147 1,172 975 1,723 832 891 VII .. l,a96 1,182 214 1,394 1,182 212 VIII .. 1,484 1,413 71 1,418 1,379 3g IX .. 241,303 117,977 123,326 42,653 23,192 19,461 Division 9 • , Total .. 67,151 50,115 17,036 33,156 - 25,279 7,877 Category III .. 279 234 45 186 143 43 IV .. 3 3 3 3 V .. 2,774 2,550 224 2,1l9 1,930 189 VI .. 214 200 14 131 124- 7 vn '0 620 475 45 464 419 45 VIII '0 750 663 87 633 550 83 IX ". 62,611 45,990 16,621 29,620 22,llG 7,510 181 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER,:THAN CULTIVATION~(contd.) Worker8 ~ Total Urbafl' Oode aM digit number Description Peroo'ns .Malel! FCllw.lelJ Person.s .Males Femalee (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (G) (7) (8) (jroup 90 , , .. Total .. 7,470 7,445 25 5,579 5,568 11 Category III .. 192 179 13 104 93 II V , .. 1,766 1,765 ' 1,327 1,327 VI .. 133 132 1 81 81 VII .. 382 382 326 326 VIII .. 359 359 276 276 IX .. 4,638 4,628 " 10 3,465 3,465 Family 900 Total .. 238 238 " 282 232 Catellory V , . 65 65 .. 65 65 IX ., 173 173 167 167 :Family 901 .. Total .. 2,681 2,681 2,147 2,147 Category IX .. 2,681 2,681 ., 2,147 2,147 Family 902 .. Total .. 95 92 .. 3 85 85 Category IX .. 95 92 3 85 85 Family 903 Total .. 4,346 4,324 ' 22 3,115 3,104 11 Category III .. 192 179 13 104 93 11 V .. 1,701 1,700 1,262 1,262 VI .. 133 132 ' 1 81 81 VII .. 382 382 326 326 VIII .. 359 359 276 276 IX .. 1,579 1,572 7 1,066 1,066 Family 909 Total .. 110 110 Category IX ., 110 no .(troup!H •• Total .. 16,910 10,688 6,222 9,354 5,176 4,178 Calegory III .. 11 10 1 11 10 I IV .. 3 3 3 3 II V .. 280 194 86 196 132 64 VII 3. 33 1 34 33 1 VIII .. 10 10 10 10 IX .. 16,572 10,438 6,134 9,100 4,988 4"II 2 Pemily 910 Total .. 224 107 117 88 50 38 Category V .. 9 2 7 9 2 7 IX .. 215 105 110 7g 48 31 Faillily 911 Total .. 10,595 7,809 2,786 4,998 3,713 1,285 Category III 11 10 11 10 I IV .. 3 3 3 3 .. V .. 271 192 79 IS7 130 57 VII 34 33 , I 34 33 1 VIII .. 10 10 10 10 ... IX .. 10,266 7,561 •• 2,705 4,753 3,527 l,22fi 18.2 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(contri,) Worke1'S r------~.------~Total Urban Code and diail number Description ,------,--.).----.....,. ,..------'-----..... Males Female" PerBOn8 Fem(llM (1) (2} (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Family 912 Tota.l . • 5,418 2,599 2,819 3,800 1,259 2,541 Category IX .• 5,418 2,599 2,819 3,800 1,259 Filmily 913 'Fotal •• 418 41S 306 306: Category IX. , 418 418 306 306 Family 91~ •• Total •• 255 113 82 16Z 154 Category IX _ 255 173 82 162 154: Total •• 4,'190 4 686 104 4,648 4,551 Group 92 •• .. - t 91 Category III •• 5 5 ... 5 5 V •• 61 59 2 51 4~ VII .. 17 17 17 17 VIII •• 23 23 .', 23 23 IX .. 4,684 4,582 102 4,552 4,463 89,- Family 920 .. Total •• 4,790 4,686 104 4,648 '4,557 91 Category Ill •• 5 5 0' 5 5 V .. 6t 59 2 51 ~9 VII 1'1 17 ]7 17 VIII " 2S 23 23 23 IX .. 4,684 4~5S2 102 4,M2 4,463 89' Group 93 •• .. Total •. 5,001 &,292 1,709 4,666 3,031 1,63& Category III .. 71 40 31 66 ,35 !Jl V •. 667 532 135 545 422 123· VI .. 81 68 13 50 43 1 VII .. 87 43 44 87 43 VlII .. 358 271 87 324 241 ".Sa. IX .. 3,737 2,33S 1,399 '3,594 2,253 1,1'1. Famny 930 •• Total .0 56 53 3 42 Category V .. 10 10 4 4 VI 22 22 20 20 IX .. 24 21 3 18 18 Family 931 Total .. 4,945 3,239 1,706 4,624 2,995 1,629- Category nI 71 4{1 31 66 35 31 V .. 657 522 135 541 418 123- VI .. 59 46 13 30 23 7 VII .. 87 43 44 87 43 44 VIII .. 358 271 87 324 241 S3· IX .. 3,713 2,317 1,396 3,576 2,235 1,341 Group 94 •• •• 9,548 9,514- 34 2,879 2,814 Category IX_ 9,548 9,514 34 2,879 2,874 183 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSI,ICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(conH.) WI}I'J,,~el'8 A ~ TDtal Urban Oode and digit number Description r -'------, Persona JJales F'cmalc8 P8r801l,~ Mall38 Pemales (I} m (3) (1) (,j) (6) (7) (8) Family 940 Total ·. 9.548 9,514 34 2,879 2,874 5 Cl1tegory IX 9,548 !l,514 34 2,879 2,874 '; ·Group 95 ., Irotal .. 22,&79 13,7S1 8,918 5,539 3,596 1,943 Category IX · . 22,679 13,761 8,\llS :;,,')39 3,5!3(i 1,943 Family 950 Total · . 22,660 13,743 8,917 5,520 3,578 1,942 CawgOl'Y IX ~2,660 13,7J3 R,IH7 5,520 3,578 1,(H2 Family 951 Total 19 18 1 19 18 1 Category IX .. 19 III 19 18 (}roup 96 .t Total .. 74 54 20 74 54 2(1 , Categol'Y IX 74 54 :)0 74 54 20 Family 960 Tot.al .. 74- 54 20 74 54 20 Category IX .. U 54 :!o 74 54 20 ,Group 97 .• Total 295 Z95 ' 244 244 t. Category IX .. 29.5 295 ~~H 244 29 Family 970 Total .t 75 75 29 C,ttegOl'Y ilX 75 75 ' 29 29 Family 979 ,. Total .. 220 220 215 215 Category IX ·. 22U 220 .. 215 215 173 Group!}\) •. Total " 384 380 4 173 Category IX t, 384 380 4, 173 173 173 Family 999 ,. Total .. 384 380 -4 173 Category IX .. 384 380 4 173 173 505 Division X Total .. 1,254 1,019 235 522 16 Category III .. 72 70 :3 17 16 1 IV , . 4:83 289 194 3 2 1 V .. 272 252 20 165 159 6 VI .. 62 (i2 57 57 VII ·. 83 72 11 45 42 3 VIn .. 42 42 42 4) IX 24Q nz 8 193 ISS ,) 184 B V-OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION-(concld;) Worker, __.;._ Total Urban ~" OodA ami digit number De8criptio'll ~ Per80rlIJ Males Feuw,leij Persons Males Female",· (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (S) Group X8" Total .. 1,154 923 231 422 410 12 Category III .. n 69 2 16 15 1 IV .. 483 289 194 3 2 1 V ., 219 202 17 U2 109 3 VI ,. 50 50 45 45 VII .. 7£ 61 11 34 31 3: VIII " 42 42 42 42 IX .. 217 210 7 170 166 4 Family XS' .. 1M .. Total .. 1,154 923 231 422 410 it Category 71 m " 69 2 16 15 1 IV " 483 289 194 3 2 1 'V .. 219 202 17 112 109 it VI .. 50 50 45 45 VII 72 .. 61 11 34 31 3- vm .. 42 4:2 42 42 IX .. 217 210 7 170 166 4- GroupX9" Total .. 100 96 4 100 96 4- Category m .. 1 1 1 ' 1 V .. 53 50 3 53 50 a: VI .. 12 12 12 12 VII .. 11 11 II 11 IX 23 22 1 23 22 1. -, .mily 1.00 .. •• Total " 100 91 4 100 96 ",' Category III .. 1 1 1 I V •• 53 50 3 53 50 ~ VI .. 12 12 12 12 VII .. 11 11 11 11 IX .. 23 22 1 23 22 N4TIQ~,", eU~F~CAT10N OF OOOUPATIONS (OODE STRUCTURE) '91* .8JM$Jn~~ ooOupations in'o sal ()q'UMUQll~' ~Dlilies (three~igit 4lOde nu.ben) 15 Oeeupattonal Grclups (two-digit code numbers) . It QtQUDll1~~~ I)iyisi_ (oDe·~it code numbers) p,y!sions, Groups and Families. o PBf)nsSmNAL, TEOHNIOAL AND BELATED 05 TEACHERS WORKERS 060 Teachers, University Worken in this Di,vision perfo~m v&rioua. ~ligioUB, &due .. 051 Teachers, Secondary Schools tional .l,,~l artisHc ~d ot~~r Ilte~ar, f~~~tlons; cdam't'l,ut 052 Teachers, Middle aml Primary Scho~18 researhli' In ~ngii:lEiering and scientIfic ~~~Jllcta ~nh I,ll! 1St 003 Teachers, Nursery aDd Kindergarten Schools acientific knowledge and methods to solve tee no oglca I 05~ Teachers, ~. ". c. ' ~OI!O~i~1 ~ial, industrial and other llroble~. 06 ~URI8T~ 00 ABCllITECT8, :&NGINEER8 AND SUR"\1BfO:as 060 Judges and Magistrates Architects . 001 ~~! Prac~~ti(lners a.nd .Advisers · 062 Law Assistq.ntll C.i.f... ~l.' ~~.In~rs, pncludin~ ~ve~se~rs) .069 Juri&q; IIJld .'Legal Tech~io.ians. n, e, c. (in:cluding ~~h~Ill,caJ E~glI~ee~ Petition Writers) . " IlilctrlCl.I ~glnll(lll Cllemical Engineers 07 SOCIAL SVlENTI8TS AliD ~~ ,~. I"006 MetaJlurgic~ Enginem 006. Mining EnglDoors Q7() Ewu'U4~t!l . 001 Surveyors 071 4cwunta.ts and AuditoFi 009 Architects Engineerll a~4 Sury~~orl!, n.~. 1;. Q7~ Stltotisticiaq$ and .ActU&ritls 1'1 ...... '"'! '., .. 073 Geographers 074 Psychologists q! ~T8, PHY~ICI8'tS, GEOL(lGlal~ A~ ()fJ;l~ PUYSIOAJJ '. 'HmBN~nsT8 075 PerS 851) Basketry Weavers an.d Related Workers 99 S),IRVIOE, sroRT AND RECREATION W01lXlRS, fl.. e. e, 851 Tyre Builders, VulclLnisers and Related Rubber Products Makers 99[) Embalmers MoIlQ Und~f~~~ll 852 Plastics Products Makers, 009 Service, Sport I\nd ReCfll!~tion Wprkel'8! n. e. 0, 853 Tanners, Fellmongers, Pelt Dressers and Relatl,{! , Workers x WOUKERS. NOT. CLASalF~.~~Ei. - BY. OOC~ ATION 854 Photographic Dark Room Workers 855 Makers of Musical InstrUlUents and Related Wor'kef FLY I~EAF The occupational data. relating to the workers of categories III and V to IX, put ~ogether in the total urban area alone have been presented in this table for each occupa tional division. The data have been presented for each of the four broad age groups of 0-14, 15-34, 35-59 and 80 and ,over and for each educational level separately. The, educational levels given in this table are the same as those in B-rn Part A. It can be seen from. this table, that more than 90 per cent of the technically qualified personnel come under Division 0 which relates to Professional, Technical and related workers and hence there is not muoh under-employment' of Technical personnel in this district. 188 B VI-OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY Literate without Total workers Total literate workers educational level Oceupational Division Age gro'tqJ .A , number (N.G.O.j Persons Males Ihmale8 Males Females MaLes Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) AU Divisions .. .. Total .. 354,451 272,044 82,407 191,622 13,443 101,507 7,038 0-14 ,-. 13,174 S,29S 4,878 4,153 839 2,746 645 15-34 .. 190,360 146,388 43,972 109,893 9,057 52,966 4,34a 35-59 .. 138,503 107,728 30S75 72,176 3,400 41,982 1,949 60+ .. 12,410 9,629 2,781 5,398 147 3,813 96 A.N.S. " 3 1 2 Division 0 .. Total .. 14,680 10,578 4,102 10,303 4,012 1,850 297 0-14 .. 15 8 12 5 15-34 .,. 5,099 2,839 517 165 35-59 •• 4,531 1,125 1,020 In 60+ .. 657 40 301 15 A.N.S. 1 Division I .. Total .. 11,133 10,791 342 8,962 101 2,973 42 .. 0-14 .. 27 2 20 2 15-34 .. 3,979 59 1,080 18 35-59 .. 4,648 36 1,700 20 60+ 307 4: 173 2 A.N.S. 1 Divillion % Total .. 23,676 23,138 538 22,585 506 4,455 41 0--14 .. 128 2 73 1 15-34 .. 13,903 440 2,066 22 35--59 8,083 63 2,114 18 60+ .. 471 1 2(}2 A.N.S. Division 3 ,0' .. Total .. 43,040 37,483 5,557 31,819 814 16,995 635 0-14 .. 701 21 415 18 15--34 •• 15,856 274 7,265 187 35-59 .. 13,541 480 8,025 ~3 60+ .. 1,721 39 1,290 27 A.N.S. Division' .. Total .. 39,51.2 21,399 18,113 8,825 1,516 7,512 1,844 0--14 .. 170 82 151 U 15--34 .• 5,089 1,258 4,207 1,101 35-59 3,455 175 3,062 168 60+ .. III 92 1 A.N.S. 187 B VI-OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION OF PERS(lNS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED :8Y SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AN)) EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY -(co~td.) Educational let/Ills ~ Primary oj Junior Matriculalion or Technical Dipwma Non-technical diplomtJ bUBW Higher &condary ne! equal to degree not eJjuaZ to de]ree OtJmJpational DifJision Age group r A , number (N.O.O.) MaIlls Females Males FemalelJ Malee Females Ma!u Femalu (10) (II) (12} (13) (It) (15) (16) (17) An .Divisions .. .. Total •. 5?,359 3,806 ,27,M2 2,t88 658 32 It 8 0-14 ., 1,402 193 {) 1 15-34 ., 35,971 2,597 17,616 1,834 442 5 68 " 35.-.59 " 18,931 976 9,352 344 183 27 29 4t 60+ . , 1,055 40 368 9 28 2 A.N,S. 1 .. , Division 0 ., 'Total .. 2,188 1,779 3,628 1,555 847 32 54 a 0-14 '" 3 3 - .. 15-34 .. 927 1,157 2,162 1,262 193 5 30 , - 3 35--59 .• 1.120 604 1,386 285 128 27 23 S 60t .. 138 15 80 S 26 1 .A.N,S. , ' Division 1 .. Total .. 2,316 31 2,670 22 66 , 1 0-14 .. 7 15--34 .. 1,062 17 1.307 18 40 3 I 35-59 .. 1,181 12 1,303 4 2~ 3 60t .. 66 2 59 . , A.N.S. 1 ',' Division 2 .. Tota.l •. 6,057 48 11,184 399 67 7 0-14 .. 55 1 15-3 35.-.59 •• 2,304- 1~ 3,464 28 la.- I {jOt .. 149 1 113 .. .\,., 1 .A.N.S, .. •• .... ' Division 3 .. Total •• 10,625 167 3.854 12 11 3 0-1<1 •• 282 3 4- .. 11>-34 •• 6,071 76 2,301 11 8 2 35-59 •• 3,914- 76 1,481 1 2 I 60t .. 358 12 68 , . 1 A.N,S. " ". Divilion • .. Total .. 959 171 301 f 1 0-14 •• II S .. ." ... .,. 15-34 •• 64! 156 194 1 1 oa 35-59 ., ,. 276 7 103 ,.. •• , 60+ " ". 15 4 ,,' .. . ,. U.s. .. , ...... C-!4A. 188 B V1-0COUPATIONAL DIVISION OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAB CULTIVATION CLASSIPIBD BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN ARBAS OBLY-(contd.) Educational kve16--( contd. ) .., T~hnical degree Q'/ Diploma equal to degree or Po't-graduaie deg1'ee onive1'sity degree Of Po at· graduate Engineering M~dieine Agric1lUu,. deg1'l',e other than Ttchnical degree Otrupational Division Agr, [lI'UtJp ,------'---~ ,----A-----, number (N.O·O.) Males Females Male8 Fem.alBB Medea FemulSB Malu Femalu (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23} (24) (25) AD Divisions .. .. To&al .. 3,431 132 386 1 183 56 :148 t 0--14 ... 15-84 ., 2,106 113 274 1 79 81 100 1 36-59 •• 1,214 18 108 .. 98 24 t6 60+ .. 111 1 4 - 6 1 3 A.N.S. - - Divwon 0 .. Total .. 1,165 106 339 1 180 56 98 1 0-14 ...... 15-34 •• 641 92 248 I 78 31 67 1 35-59 •• ... 428 13 90 96 24 :n 60+ .. 96 1 1 6 I A.N.S. .. DiTision 1 Total ., 837 4 32 3 18 0-14 •• 15-34: ., US 4 18 1 9 35-59 •• 391 13 2 9 60+ .. 8 1 A.N.S. DiTWon! .. Total,. 848 18 8 0-14 •• 15-34 _ 660 13 S 35-59 ... 184 5 1 60+ .. ., 4 1 A.N.S. ... Di1ision3 ., Total •• 320 'f 2 0-14: •• .. 15-34 •• 203 4 I 35-59 '. 115 2 ....t) 1 60+ .. " A.N.S. DiY_ .f, Total _ ., 82 1 1i •• .. - 0-14 •• " .. 15-34: •• 21 I 16 35-59 ... 11 3 60+ .... A.N.S. 189 B VI-OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION OF PERSONS AT WORK.OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIBD BY SEI, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS II URBAH ABEAS ONLY-(cont4.) Educationalllltlela-(conClld.) r .A. ~leehnical dtgre8 (}f' Diploma egull to degree (}f' Post·graduate degf'eB-{concld.) '"" r· Veterinary and Technology TeacMng O.hm "'"" dairying Oer;upatiora.aZ Diflifton Agt group ~ 1Iumber (N.O.O.) Malu Females Males Femalu Males Fsmalea Male. Femal" (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (3S) All Divisions .. Total .. 25 25 181 .. ... - 462 Z 0-14 .. 15-34 .. 12 19 238 123 2 35-59 .. 13 6 214 58 60+ .. - 9 .. A.JU. 1 Division 0 .. Total .. 24 4 426 179 0-14 .. " 15-34 .. 12 e. 4 220 122 ·. 35-59 .• 12 197 57 " 60+ .. 8 , .. ., A.N.S. 1 .. .. Divmon 1 .. Total 1S 23 1 2 .. 0-14 .. - 15-35 .. $ II 1 2 3~59 .. 1) 15 ·. 60+ ., , .. .. ·. A.N.S. .. Div.ision 2 ... .. Total " 1 8 ·. 0-14 " I, 15-34 " 6 .. I. 35--59 •• 1 1 I. 60+ .. 1 A.N.S. .. DiYision 3 .. .. Total .. 2 0-14 .. .. ·. 15-34 •• 1 J 35-59 •• " 60+ .. " A.N.S. Diviaion 4 . , Total .. - .1 . .. , 0-14 .• ...... 15-34 .• ...... "'. 35-59 .. ... 60+ .. - ... - A.N.!...... - .'. - "" - •• .. 190 B V1-OCCUPATIOlfAL DmSION OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN ABEAS ONLY-(contd.) Literate without educatitm.al Total workerl Total literate workerB loosEs Ocoupaiioftal DiuiMon Age group number (N.V.O.) PerBfml Males Femalu Males Female8 Males Femalu (1) (2) {3~ (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Divilion 5 - Total .. 728 568 160 58 51 0-14 •• 7 4- 15-34 .. 36 33 31)..59 •• 15 14: 60+ .. A.N.S. DiYilion 6 .. Total .. 13,009 12,875 134 9,709 109 4,666 10 0-14 •• 23 16 15-34 •• ',778 95 2,027 7 35-59 ,., 4,764 14 2.516 S 80+ .. 144: '107 A.N.S. Diviai.on 7 ,& 8 ,. Total .. 174,996 199,427 45,568 82,935 5,181 58,449 3,809 ()-14 .• 2,472 528 1,617 389 15-34 •• 51.516 3.514 30,444 2,483 35-59 ., 27,355 1,107 20,055 91l 60+ ' . 1,592 32 1,333 26 A.N.S. Division 9 .. Total .. 38,156 25,279 1,877 15,978 1,197 9,_ 856 0-11 ., 604 196 434 156 15-34 9.336 573 5,225 361 35-59 •• 5,652 398 3,418 314 60+ .. ... 386 30 311 25- A.N.S. - , .. Di-riaion X , Total 522 506 16 448 7 168 , " .. .. 0-14: •• - 6 4: 15-34. .. - •• ,., 301 I) 1()2 4r 35-59 .. ... 132 2 58 80+ .. - 9 4 A.N.S. .. 191 B VI-OCCUPATIONAL DMSIO! OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED . BY SElt BROAD AGE GROUPS ~D EDUOATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY-(conUl.) EduoatiolUll l6vels Primary Matriculation Technical diploma Non.technical or-Junior er High6'1' not equal to diploma not equal basic secondary degree to degree Occupa&iona! DitJi8i.o1l Age group ,.--A--..... number (N,G.O.) Males Females Males FWllLles Males FemaleB Male8 Fema1& (10) (II) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) Divi.eion 1) .. Total .. 7 0-14: •. 3 15-34 .. 3 35-59 •. 1 60+ , .. A.N.S. Division 6 ,. Tota.l .• 8,578 6 1,383 91 7 1 1 0-14. .. 7 15-34 .• 1,918 2 773 85 5 1 35-59 .• 1,624 4- 603 6 2 I 60+ .. 30 7 A..N.S. DivisioIll 7 & 8 .. Total .. 25,914 1,293 3,352 76 137 4 0-14 .. 854 139 1 15-34: .. 18,242 963 2,648 65 125 4: 35-59 .. 6,589 186 676 10 11 60+ .. 229 5 27 1 1 A.N.S. Division g .. Total .• 5,572 309 926 31 6 2 0-14 .• 170 40 15-34 •. 3,455 190 607 22 6 1 35-59 •• 1,881 74 310 9 I 60+ .. 66 5 9 A.N.S. Division X .. Total 149 2 94 1 12 21 0-14 •• 2 15-34 •• '. 95 I 67 II 11 35-59 .. 41 I 26 1 60+ ., 4: I .". A.M.S. ., .. 192 B VJ-~CCUPATIONAL DIVISION OF PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUOATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY-(conti.) EduoaltonalletIC1"_(contd. ) Unit1ersity degree Technical degree or Diploma equal to or Post·Graduate degree 0'1' p(J8t·Grad~ate degree degree other than Agr~lttwe Technical degree Engineering Medioioo OetlUpatWnal DiMcm Age groop r~ A ", ."",OOe, iN.O.O.) Males Females Mal.ea Femal& Males Femalu Males Fe1OO'lu (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) Dl'Viiion Ii .. Total •. 0-14 " 15-34 " 35-59 " 60+ " A.N.S. Division 6 Tota.l " 73 1 0-14 .. 15-34 " 54 I 35-59 .. 19 60+ .. A.N.S. & Total .. Di,nmon , 8 " 13 a '7 1 0-14 " 15-34 " 4a 3 3 35-59 " 19 S I (lO+ .. 1 1 A.N.S. ." Division 9 .. Total .. 84 0--14 " 15-34 " 4-2 35-59 " (.2 ... 60+ .. A.N.S. Division X .. Total " 9 3 1}-14 •. 15-34 " 4 1 35-59 " 5 1 60+ " •• A.N.S. .. 193 / B VI~OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION OF ,PERSONS AT WORK OTHER THAN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY SEX, IROA1> AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY-(oonlcd.) Educational iellela-(cou(lld.) Technical degre.e. or Diploma eqtwJ ~ uegr66 ar POS!·gradume degre6-(concld.) Veterinary ------.------~------and Technology Teaching Otherk dairying Oooupational DitJision Age group number (NOO) 1I{akB Females Males Females Males Females Males FemaZu I . (26) (27) (28)· (29) (30) (31) (32) (93) Division I) Total .. 0-14 .. 15-34 ...... 85-59 .. 80t ... A.RS. Division 6 .. Total .. 1)..14 .. 15-34 .. 35-59 ." 60+ .. A,N.S~ " Division 7 Ii; 8 Tot&l .. 1 7 fJ-14 .. 15-34 .. 7 35-59 .. 1 60+ .. •• A.N.S . Di"isioo II .. Total .. 1 ()"14 ., 15-34 •• 35-59 .. 1 60+ .. .. A.N.S...... .. Total .. •• 0-14: •. 15-34 ., .. 36-59 •. .. .. - 60+ .. .. •• ...... U.S. - .. - ...... C-26 B VII-PART A-PERSONS WORKING PRINOIPALLY (i) AS OULTIVATORS (ii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OR (iii) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BY SECONDARY WOBK (i) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY (ii) AS CULTIVA TOR (iii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURER :FLY LEAF This table presents the cross tabulated data of persons having .primary work and subsidiary work. The data are furnished in the case of persons whose principal and secondary work are any two of the three categories of cultivation, agricultural labour and household industry. The principal work relating to Household Industry alone has been classified by industrial divisions and major groups. But the classification npto divisions only have been presented in this table. The work on which a person spends most of his working tim.e has belm considered as the principal or primary work. In the case of persons having more than two occupa tions, the secondary work recorded a.lso was decided on the basis of the tune spent in a particular subsidiary work among other subsidiary works. It will be of interest to note that in the rural areaB of this district near]y ~6,OO() lllales and 17,000 fema1es who are primarily engaged as oultiyators have agricultural labour as subsidiary work. The number of cultivators having Housebold Industry as secondary work in the rural areas is six times more in the case of ma.le workers. and ten times more in the case of female workers as compared to those in the urban area, In urban areas the percentage of cultivators having agricultural labour as seoondary work is eonsider~blew 195 VII-PART A-PERSONS WORKllfG P~INCIPALLY (il AS OULTIVATORS (ii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OR (iii) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SEX ABD BY SECONDARY WORK (i) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY (ii) AS CULTIVATOR (iii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURER 8econdaey work At Hf.JU8clwld IndUBtry A8 Oultivator A8 Agricultural Labourer Pri'Mipal WOf'k Malu Femalu Males Femalu Malel Femalu (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ALI. RURAL AREAS Total .. 7,851 7,418 7,158 4,291 38,175 18,684 Cultivator . 6,801 6,787 35,920 17,142 Agrleultural",~ Labourer 1,050 626 2,647 1,700 Household Industry , ~ - 4,511 2,591 2,255 1,542 Division 0 521 207 155 165 .. 1 2 3,272 2,303 539 1,263 " 3 718 81 1,561 114 " 1. BRAVANI TALUK Total ., 725 142 441 126 5,284 2,367 Cultivator - • 686 142 5,069 2,278 Agricultural Labourer . 39 62 ., Household Industry - - 379 126 215 89 Division 0 ,. - - ... 10 19 9 15 1 om II '"' ., 2 325 104: 72 64 " 3 ... 44 3 134 10 " 2. GOPICRETTIPALAYAM: TAI.UK Total , . 1,708 852 1,971 789 7,230 3,158 Cultivator 1ft 1,589. 804 7,096 3,021 Agricultural Labourer ,. 119 48 695 316 Household Industry .. 1,276 473 134 137 Division 0 232 24 13 8 1 " .. ., 2 851 421) :f9 116 .. 3 193 29 82 13 3. EBODil TA.LUlt Total ...... 2,888 1,208 1,830 . 1,063 6,332 4,868 1,913 5,249 4,450 Cultivator !~ .. 1,106 Agricultural Labourer 470 102 403 494 Household Industry tot • ! 1,427 569 1,083 416 Division 0 - ... 144 86 66 58 ,. 1 ..• • • ",. ... , .• .. u 2 - ... • • 1,098 466 167 328 ., 185 17 " 3 860 32 C-25A 196 B ,VII-PART A-PERSONS WORKING PRINCIPALLY (i) AS CULTIVATORS (ii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OR (iii) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY OLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BY SEOONDARY WORK (i) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY (ii) AS CULTIVATOR (iii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURER-(wntd.) Secondary WMk , At H0U8ehold Indwtry A8 Oultivator A8 Agricultu1'al labourer Prinoipal WIJrK ~,...... ,._., r-----"---"""\ Malu Femaleo Maleo Femaleo Mako Femaleo (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 4. DRAR.u>URA1I: TALUK Tot&l .. 1,582 3,849 417 847 4,368 2,242 Cultivator 1,319 3,547 3,947 1,707 Agricultural Labourer , , 263 302 54 90 Household Industry .. 363· "167 421 535 Division 0 - 35 39 14 37 " 1 .. 2 " .. 273 712 35 479 3 19 " - - 55 6 372 5. J'ALLADAM TALUIr Total 651 815 887 682 4,530 2,115 Cultivator 577 724 4,tQO 1,959 " Agricultural Labourer " 74 91 505 380 Household Industry 382", 302 ~~O 156 Division 0 .. 26 10 21 21 1 " - - - 2 ... 264 278 57 112 " - 3 92 U 52 23 " Ii, Av ANASIII TALUlr Total 465 415 645 408 3.771 1,1S9 Cultivator - 417 374 - 3,689 1,035 Agricultutal Labourer , , 48 41 255 101 .. Household Industry 390 307 82 104 Division 0 " 31 24 16 12 1 , ,t ... " . , ' .. ' 92 " 2 .. 283 276 23 3 ... 76 7 43 " .'. " 7, COIMIIATORE TALUK ToW 84 31 474 191 1,746 971 Cultiva.tor , . 83 27 1.7£4 949 Agricultural Labourer ., 1 4 307 175 Household Industry 16T' 16 '32 . 22 Division 0 ,•• 38 4: ,11 4 1 .. ,'.- ' ,,' 'of. " .. .. 2 .. 75 J ' ,.}.6 , IT ;,1.' 1 3 ... , 64., ' 3 6 " •• .. ." 197 B VII-PART A:-PERSONS WORKING PRINC,PALLY (i) AS CULTIVATORS (ii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OR (iii) AT HOUSEHOLD I~:DUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND BY SECONDARY WORK (i) AT HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY (ii) AS CULTIVATOR (iii) AS AGRICULTURAL LABOURER-(concld.) Secondary work r------~--~------. At Household Industry A8 Oultivator As AgricuUwral Labourer Principal WQ'I'k ,-----1'----., Males Femall38 111 aEed PemallJlJ Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 8. POLtA-CHI T.U.UK Total 62 29 153 81 2,056 554 Cultivator .. 38 4_ 1,930 filS Agricultural Labourer ., 24 25 134- 76 Rl;msehold Industry 19 5 126 36 Division 0 7 1 " 2 " 19 2 III 13 .. 3 2 15 16 9. UDUHALPET TAI.UK Total 191 72 340 1M 2,858 1,272 Cultivator .. 179 59 2,826 1,225 Agricultural Labourer .. 12 13 232 68 Household Industry 108 36 32 47 Division 0 5 5 3 1 " 2 " 84 36 19 44 3 " 19 S ALL UBBAN Am.A.8 Total 49 16 374- 130 1,565 516 Cultivator .. 37 14 1,504 498 Agricultural Labourer . , 12 1 244 92 Household Industry 130 38 61 18 Division 0 2 15 6 •• 1 " ... J 96 22 " - - 21 13 3 .. 3.2 1 M , " - B VII-PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS WORKING IN NON-HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSION OR SERVICE WHO ARE ALSO ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FLY LEAF This table presents the data of workers in Categories III and V to IX, who are also engaged in Household Industry. Both for the principal work and for the additional work of household industry, figures have been furnished for each industrial division and major group. But in this book figures are presented only up to divisions. Both in the rural areas and in the urban areas among the persons engaged in the diffe rent sectors of non-household industry, trade, bUBiness, profession or service, the number of persons who are primarily engaged in Services (Division 8) and working additionally in Household Industry, particularly in Household Industries coming under Division 2. which relates to manufacturing of textiles, food -stuffs and paper and paper products form more than 50 per cent of the total number of persons who are working additionally at House hold Industry. Household Industry relating to manufacturing of te:x-tiles is a very important one in this district. 1" B Vn""PART B-INDUSTIA1 CLASSIFICATION BY SEX OF PERSONS WORKING IN NON.HOtJSEHOLD INDUSTRY; TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFBSSIOIf OR SERVICE WHO ,.ARE ALSO ENGAGED IN HOUSiHOLD INDUSTRY P1'irll.lipai Wark : Branch 'oj Pcraons working additionally at Household IndU8try Industry-, Non-H0U8e- Total r------hoW Industry, Trade, I Must1'ial Division 0 IndU8trial Divi8ion I I MU8trial· DiviBion 2 and l BuBinea8, P1Ojll8Bion or SM"IJice, DiMon Males Femrd.68 Malu Feroole8 Male8 Females Males Ftmalu . (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ALL RURAL A:RJilAB Total 229 137 21 20 130 100 78 17 Division 0 ... 2 4 1 3 1 I Division 1 I 1 Division 2 · . 33 ZO 3 12 16 3 14 5 Division 3 ., 2 .2 2 . 2 .. Division 4 .. .. 19 2 2 19 DiviSion 5 ·. 3 2 3 2 Division 6 · . 63 14 5 U 12 14 2 Division 7 · . II 1 5 5 Division S 96 92 12 5 59 18 25 9 1. BRAVANl TALUX Tom! -, ,_ 12 3 1 2 7 1 4 Division 6 ·. 6 4 2 Division 7 _. .2 .2 Division 8 ·. 4 3 1 2 3 I 2, GQnOHEl'l'IPALAYAM 'l'ALUll: Total 62 29 3 1 35 19 24 9 Divil!io~ 0 .. 1 2 .2 1 Division 2 I) 4 I) 4: Division 6 17 1 15 1 .2 .. mvision 7 .. is , 2 ,"'.1 Division 8 34 22 l 1 17 16 14 5 3. ERODB T.u.UX Total 12 16 4 5 7 1 5 Division 0 .. 1 1 1 •• 1 'Diviirion 1 ., 1 1 .. Division 2 .. 1 I Division 3 .. 2 2 Division 4: .. 7 7 .. " Division 6 , , ... 4: .. Division 8 .. 11 1 6 4 " t. D!WUPUAlH TAf,UX: Total at 68 a SI1 11 11 a Division 0 .. •• 1 1 Division 2 .. 1 1 I 1 Division 4 .. 11 1 1 11 Division 6 .. 14 13 1 10 11 3 2 DiVision 7 .. 4- 1 2 1 .. Division 8 .. 24 .7 2' f7 200 B·VlI-.PART B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION BY SEX or PERSONS WORKING IN NON·HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, TRADE, BUSINESS, PROFESSIOlf OR SERVICE WHO ARE· ALSO ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY -(cancld.) Principal Work; Branch PersotUI working additionally at Houaehold I~,., 01 Industry, Non-H0U8e Total ,------,------~------~----~ hold Industry, Trade, Industrial mviBion 0 I ndUBtrial Division 1 I ndUBtrial Division 2 aJtd 8 B1U'ima8, Profession or ,.-~ Seroice, Division Males Females Males Females Malp,s Females Males (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total 77 11 14 Division 2 · - HI 2 Division 3 -. Division 4 .. 1 Di-vision 6 22 DiviaiQn 8 · . 14 6. AUNA!lHI TALUE: Totoal a 1 2 • 1 .... Division' •• 3 .. . \ •• 3 2 .. 7. CoIMBAToa~ TALUJr Total 9 ta t 12 5 1 S 1 Division 2 .. S HI 12 4 :I Division 3 ·. I .. Au, UllBAN AS1U. .8 To~ 111 4G ., i3 '18 2t i8 6 Division 0 '. f) 3 .( 1 Division 1 -, .. DiviSion 2 · . III 8 12 6 7 i Division 3 ., S 2 2 4 I .. Division 4 '. Ii f, 3 ... 3 ~ •• DivisiQn 5 2 .. ... 1 "" Division 6 27 i 21 " 2 7 .. Division 7 .. 2 "1 ... Div_8 .. .. 46 I. n 8 :n , i 3. B VIII-PART A-PERSOIS UIEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX, BROAD· AGE GROUPS AID EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY FLY LEAF This ta.ble rela.tes only to non-workers in the urban area.. The non-workers have been divided into 8 groups, out of which data in this table have been furnished for two groups, na.mely, persons seeking employment for the first time and persons employed before but now out of employment and sooking employment. These two groups put, together form the unemployed persons. The data. have been cla.ssified by a.ge-groups ~nd by educational levels and the educational levels are the same as those in B-UI Pa.rt-A\. For the persons seeking employment, the age-groups adopted are five, viz., 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34 a.nd 35 and above and for the persons once employed and now seeking employment, six, viz., 15-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-59 and 60 and above. The unemployed in the urban are~ constitute 3'7 per cent of the non-working population of the age of 15 and above. It is significant to note that even in the age group of 30-34:, there are 281 m~les seeking employment for the first time and nearly half of them are literates who do not have any educational attainments to their credit. They might have migrated from rural areas in search of employment. Among the persons once employed and now out of employment women are only few and among the ma.les slightly more tha.n one·fourh of such persons lbelong to the age-group of 25-34. Both among the total males employed once and now seeking work and among sneh males of age-group of 25-34, one-third are litera-tas without eduoationallevel and another one-third are litera.tes who' have Primary or Junior Basic educational standard. MOlt of them mutt have worked as labourers in tempora.ry jobs. 0-26 to! B VIII-PART A-PERSONS UNEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY Seeking employment for th~ _fir8t time ,- .).. Educational levell Age-groo/pl r .)..- Total unemployed Total 15-19 20-24: 25-29 ~ r-----A.----., ,.---"---.. ,------"---1 Per.o'!\8 .Males Females Males Femalea MIllM Females Malts Fe-malts Malt3 Femalts (I) , (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 '0111 .. 9,447 8,886 561 8,290 4(JO 2,328 218 2,499 144 938 20 2 ruiteraoo .- 1,397 1,280 117 851 89 443 27 208 20 100 11 3 Literate (without educational 2,565 2,528 37 1,680 18 n!8 II 635 6 289 Standard) , Primary or JWlior Baqic •. 2,912 2,824 88 1,938 62 784 36 767 22 ~65 2 5 Matriculation or Higher Secondary 2,344 2,048 296 1,657 235 549 14:2 788 85 233 I) 6 Technical Diploma. not equal to 32 29 3 24 I 15 6 degree 7 Non.technical diploma not 4, 2 2 equal to degree 8 University Degree or Post-graduate 178 158 20 127 16 3 77 11 41 2 degree other than technical degree 9 Technical degree or Diploma equal 15 15 11 7 4 to degree or Post-graduate degree (i) Engineering 8 8 7 1} % (ii) Medicine f 2 2' 1 1 (iii) Agriculture 1 1 1 1 (iv) Veterinary and Dairyin~ ., (v) Technology 1 1 .. .. (vi) Teaching 3 3 I .. ... 1 (vii) Others • f .. .. - ...... 203 11 VIII-PART A-PERSONS UNEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY -(oontd.) S~~g tmpltnJmfnt for thf ~r8' time-(ooncld.) ---'-_----A. ~ P~"Q"8 emptoyMi before but now old Agt-groupa oj employment anti seeking work . __.A. _A~ _____~ ., 30-34: 35+ Age not "toted Total Ags-group. .A. ~~ 15-1!l 20-24 &duealioMl "!Jels ~ r__"'___'~ . Jlalu Ptmalel Males FWlGlu Molu Femalu Malta Ftmalu Males FemaZ,a Malu FefMw ( 13) (U) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) .1. 1 Total 281 15 244 3 2.596 181 403 63 588 45 2 Illitera.t.; 32 8 es 3 429 4S 6S 7 63 9 3 Literate (without educa· 121 1 87 848 19 133 11 149 2 tional Ste.ndarq) 4: Primary or J_r Baaic 63 2 59 •• 886 26 150 13 236 10 5 Matriculation or Highet 59 3 28 391 61 52 32 126 20 Secondary 6 Technical Diploma not 2 5 3 2 equal to degree 7 Non-technical diploma. not equal to degree 8 University Degree or Post· 1 31 12 2 graduate degree other than technical degree 9 Technical degree or Dip. 4 1 IOIDa. equal to degree or Post· graduate degree (i) Engineering " (ii) Medicine " (iii) ,Agriculture ' .• (iv) Vetr.rinary and DairyiDg (y) Technol'1GY .. .. (vi) TeJ1.Ching .. 2 1 (vii) Others .. •• •• ...... • • •• • • C---26A 204 B VIII-PART A-PERSONS UNEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX, BROAD AGE GROUPS AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN URBAN AREAS ONLY-(cQndd.) Per8()f'1,9 employed before but rutw out of employment a~ seeking work-(c(1ncld.) r EdmatiOMlltvdr Age grotIpa-(concld.) 25-34 35-44 . 45-59 60+ Age not ftatw ,----A---, ~ r~ ,_____A..~'""I ,....-----'----. Mal~ FtmaU6 Mal", FemalM M aIu Femal., Male4 Femalu MaZ8i Ftma'" (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (33) (M) 1 Total 706 27 454 6 359 18 86 2 , tllite ...te .. 97 8 79 6 85 17 37 1 , Literate (ll ithou~ educational Standard) .. 220 4, 166 149 1 3'" I • Primary or Junio1 Bue 263 3 136 86 15 5 )[a.triouJ~tion 01 Higher Secondary 108 9 65 37 3 6 Toohnica.l Diploma not equal to degree • 0 1 1 o • .. " •• • • 7 ~Qn·techniC&l diploma not equal to degree 1 •• 8 University Degree or Post·Graduate dilgree I( 2 3 2 .. •• othe~ than technical degree • Teelm.ical d~ or Diploma equal to degree II 1 ...... •• or Post·graduate degree (j) Engineering: .. .. ·. 1 II .. • • • • (ii) llediaine " ·. I .. - •• (ill) Agriculture ... .. ·. .. .. •• .. •• (iv) Veterinary and Dairying ·. .. I. .. •• (v) Technology II .. •• 1 II ...... II •• .. (vi) Teaching •• •• 1 ... •• .:, • • •• .. " ._ . .. .. (fti.) Others '.1 ... ..• • • •• •• •• •• .. .. - .. - .. • B VIII-PART B-PERSONS UNEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY FLY LEAF This table presents the data of unemployed aged 15 and above in the rural areas clasSified by educational levels. But the data. have not beenfurnished age-groupwise and separate figures. for the tW!) groups mentioned in Part A which constitute the. unemplo Yed persons, have also not been furnished. The educational levels given in this table are \ th~ same as in B-III Part-B. The unemployed in rural area amount to only one-third of the Ull(l.J;llployed in .urban .are~, but in the rural area lot of under-employment may prevail. In rural area too, one third of the unemployed males are mere literates without educational level. Among all , I . . the taluks, it is'in Coimbatore taluk that the highest number of unemployed are found. 206 B VIII-PART B-PERSONS UNEMPLOYED AGED 15 AND ABOVE BY SEX AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN RURAL AREAS ONLY Total unemployed Illiterate r'" ~ -. DiitrictJTaluk Persona Males Females Persons Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Colmbatore District 3,265 3,183 82 675 652 23 1 Bhvani ta.luk •• .. 238 .218 20 97 83 14 2 Gopicbettipalayam taluk 234 233 1 33 33 3 Erode ta.luk .. 478 469 9 32 30 2 4: Dharapuram taluk 235 230 5 30 30 5 Pal1adam taluk •• 55~ 550 2 H9 148 1 ft Ava.nashi taluk •• 152 152 44 44 7 Coimbatore taluk 929 890 39 198 192 6. 8 Pollaohi taluk •• .. 244 ' 238 6 62 62 9 Udumalpet taluk .. 203 203 30 30 Literale wi'htm, Edu· l'rimary Qr J uniQ'f BaBic Matriculation and above ctJtional Ll!ve,l .A DietrtcI/Ttlluk 1 "1 r-- Persona Males Females Persona Males Females Persons Males Females (8) (9) (10) (U) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) Coimbatore District .. 1,022 1,014 8 774 766 9 794 752 49 1 Bhavani taluk .. 48 (7 1 39 39 54 49 I) ! Gopicbettipalaya.ro taluk 5~ 54 69 69 78 77 1 3 Erode taluk lI9 119 122 U8 4: 205 202 3 4: Dh&rapuram taluk 61 60 1 75 74 1 69 66 3 5 Palladam t61uk .• 185 185 136 136 82 81 1 (\ AnDMhi taluk .• 73 73 35 35 " 7 Coimbstore taluk .. 352 348 4: 19i . ISS 4: 187. 16! 26 8 Pollaohi taluk. .. •• .. 75 73 2 48 48 59 55 4 9 Vdumalpet talu'k. " 55 50 68 68 80 10 B·IX PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE·GROUPS AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY FLY LEAF This table presents data on non-workers classified by eight groups, based on the nature of their activity, and by four age-groups of 0-14, ·15-34, 35-,-59 and 60 +. 'The names of 2 groups have been already stated in the table B VIII. The other six groups of non .. workers are: (1) Full time students and children attending school, (2) Persons engaged in household duties, (3) Dependents, infants and children not attending :S ch60 I, (4) Rethed persons and persons of independent means, (5) Beggars, vagrants, -etc., and (6) Inmates of penal, mental and charitable institutions . ._. ". III the rural area 31'5 per cent of ma.les . of 0-14 age group are full~time students, whereas in the urban area 44-4 per cent are full-time students and among females the difference of proportions is greater for 14'8 per cent of 0-14 females only aTe students in rural area while 35'1 per cent are students in urban area. The difference is still greatly prominent in the case of number of female students in the age group of 15-34. Only 1-9 per cent of females of this age-group are run-time students in rural area, whereas 5'4 "per cent of females of thiE age group are st~dellts in urban area. The second group of non-worker@, namely, 'Household duties' was defined as to include 'person engaged in unpaid household chores, housewives and adult women who do no other work such as making articles at home for sale or wages and who do not ·even help in fami1y cultivation, household industry, trade or business': Though normally mostly females will come under this group, good number of males have also been recorded and the highest has been recorded only in this district. While not a single male has been recorded in this category in the urban area, in the rural area.~ 1l,566 males have -been recorded and out of it 7,236 are in Pollachi ts.luk alone. The number of males recorded in Pollachi taluk under this group of non-workers amounts to 62' 7 per cent of the total male non-workers recorded in this taluk. 77 per cent of the males recorded in this group in rural &rea, and 91'3 per cent of the males recorded in Pollachi taluk rural area -belong to 0-14 age group. The most plausible explanation for suoh high figures parte' cularly in a single taluk and partlc.ularly in this 'group is only that children who neither -attend school nor assist their pa.rents i£ field work, but who do housf}hold duties like ge'tting waMt from the' well, gettitlg things ftom the shop, taking lonch to family members from home to the field as per their parents instructions, must have been noted by the ,-enumerators a~ 'HW' whioh was the abbreviation authorised to be used for personR .·engaged in household duties. It can be seen from the definition of ;Household duties' that the first part of the definition does not exclude males being included in this category. as it states, 'any person· engaged in unpa.id household chores'. Even older persons who do . some odd job or other for the family like going to market, etc., might have been included in this group. In rural areas it is also common to describe the work of a person engaged as a servant in the landlord's house as HVeettu Velai" and the enumerators might have included all persons answering in the above manner under this group. This explains the figures found in the older-age~groups. There are more males in urban area under the group of beggars and vagrants than .in rural area and more females in rural area than in urban area. In both areas on~-thild ·1)f the persons in this group are of the age-gfdup of 35-59. . .. !O8 B. IX-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE, Full time Btuduata or Personl engClged in Dependents, infants A.,.9'fOU1 1'otal non.working population. children attending hrmschold duties and r;hitd fen 1IQt school attending 8chool and persons permanenlly diMbled r------"-----"\.- PeT80Wl ~MallJ$ Females Males P'emales Males Females Males Females (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) , (9) (10) ALL RUlUL- To1al- 1,204,811 4~5,801 759,010 139,560 62,237 11,566 369,235 .270,745 298,416- 0-14 787,756 390,357 397,399 122,979 58,773 8,918 59,2~6 257,868 279,241) 15-34 213,732 27,364 186,368 16,565 3,449 1,606 180t 392 4,325 2,133 35-59 124,182 7,163 117,019 15 14 654 106,908 1,921 3,694 60+ 79,086 20,889 58,197 488 22,683 6,606 13,327 Age not stated 55 28 27 1 -1 6 25 iT 1. BUAVANl Total 109,602 40,582 6t,020 11,455 5,107 317 82,735 26,959 28,491 0-14 74,508 36,738 37,770 10,lm 5,013 179 5,957 26,072 ' 26,790- 15-84 17,984 1,684 16,300 1,073 91 93 t5,981 263 188 35-59 10,648 431) 10,212 1 3 38 9,124 114 370 60+ 6,460 1,722 4,738 , . 7 1,673 508 1,143 .2 Age not stated 2 a " , 2. GOPIOUBTrIPAMYAM Total 169,523 60,630 108,893 16,765 6,973 714 53,508 40,514 44,034- 0-14: 112,423 54,915 57,508 15,330 6,781 447 8,691 39,107 42,025 15-34 28,788 2,880 26,403 1,434 192 162 25,901 517 212 35-59 17,723 687 17,036 1 68 15,626 213 404 \ 60+ 10,587 2,644 7,943 37 3,288 673 1,332: Age not stated 7 4: 3 2 4: 1 3. ERODE- Total 177,543 67,376 110,167 21,133 8,837 772 51,911 41,724 43,675 0-14 117,059 59,148 57,911 18,841 8.404 391 8.643 39,886 40,857 15-34 29,321 3,515 25,806 2,290 433 231 25,161 491 180, 35-59 17,295 884 16.411 2 ... 87 14,840 246 485, 60+ 13,868 3,829 10,039 ., •• 63 3,267 1,101 2,153 ~ , , Age not 2tated . ,. " . • • •• .. ... 4. DaABA.PURAM Total 122,584 45J809 76,775 15,427 5,654 ti6 36,660 7,774 81,451 0-14 79,683 - 4.0,269 39,4:14 13,982 5,514. 245 5,160 5,957 28,72!)- 15--34 19,690 2,396 17,294 1,442 140 171 16,806 499 28r 35-59 13,310 607 12,703 2 54 11,655 242 444 60+ 9,884.- 2,528 7,356 186 3,038 1,068 1,1-184- Age nc t iltateu 17 9 8 1 ,. .. 1 8 1 5. PALLAD.lM. Total 135,230 50,781 84,449 16,485 7,366 437 39,949 31,440 34,225 0-14 89,507 44,613 44,894 14,704 7,146 244: 5,986 29,580 31,757 15-34.- 22,82.2 3,071' 19,752 1,781 ' 219 121 19,226 658 275 35-59 13,549 757 12,792 - 47 1l,849 313 384: 60+ 9,349 2,339 7,010 ...- ... 25 2,888 887 1,80!)- Age not stated 3 2 1 1 .. 2 GROUPS AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY Retired person. not empwyed " Beggars, vagrants, flt~" }nmat(.'l of Penal, Pt'f~otI8 llultit19 Persons employoo "again or other person.'! of women without i'fldication Mtntal and Oharitable employm~t jO'r the orfore but now out of Independeru mean~ of source oj imarne 1fl8titUtWn8 firllt time employment and seektflg wrork ,--.A.--, r----...... ----, , ___A-_"""'I Malea If'emale.t Malell FemalM Malu Female/) Male~ F«male8 llaln Femalt8 (U) (12) (13) (141 (IIi) Ilfil (17) (18) (I!)l (20) A_BAS. 16,00S 27,955 1,451 1,043 2,911 38 2,540 62 1,020 24 15 5 194 126 6 284 3 93 1 238 127 302 181 1,514 13 2,186 59 628 14 2,688 6,057 519 330 1,138 12 66 262 4 13,067 21,764 436 405 253 13 2 37 I) .. 2 1 2 'lALUX 1,395 " 2,603 146 61 7 154 7 149 16 1 20 7 31 2 54 1 24 10 32 14 6 120 Ii 73 II 203 689 58 24 1 3 .. " 18 2 1,lW 1,904 36 16 4 t .,., 'lA-LUi 2,228 4,227 157 149 6 i 156 .1 90 1 17 11 7 6 38 17 26 20 3 147 1 53 310 947 69 lifl 2 2 22 1,879 3,263 45 59 1 I 9 ., ... { . .. .. " . . TALUK . 3,068 5,625 189 109 6 1 369 7 1t5 2 5 o. 10 7 15 31 10 36 14 5 1 3016 7 81) 4-21 1,045 91 41 1 8 2~ 2,611- 4,570 62 47 2 2 TA.LUK 1,508 2,852 180 146 10 7 205 5 49 .. 7 53 II 1 23 .. 3S 26 30 29 5 1 178 5 33• 246 557 44 45 3 2 4 12 1,217 2,269 sa ul 1 4 3 ...... TALUK 1,682 2,813 99 91 7 3 Hi 1 190 1 ... 2 3 3 1 6! 19 16 17 14- 12 2 1 370 1 108 1 295 537 29 20 4- 2 9 60 1,371 2~257 53 56 .. 3 " ... 0-27 210 B IX-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX, BROAD AGE Fun time studll11l, or Pt'~rJfI' "'gagld in Dtptl1denjl, in/anu AgtgNlUP Total IWn'lJ!orl.:ing TWfIUlation child'~n a!tending hou,eJlOld dutits am:! childrtn not 8chool ai:6nding school and PUSfJ1lS permanently diaabled .;.__ ..---.A-----, -..A.__ ---., Ptnons Males FerrwltB Malt. Femcdu .Mal"8 Femaw Malu FemaltB (I) (2) (3) (') (0) (8) (7) (H) (9) (10) 6. AUNA8BI Total 116,286 39,752 76,534 12,237 6tU8 487 39,674 25,631 28,637 0-14 72,815 35,756 37,059 1l.141 4.588 261 6,083 24,320 26,378 15-34 22,347 1,745 20,602 1,092 1,515 104- 18,825 372 231 35-59 18,671 443 13,228 4 10 52 12,351 178 456 60+ 7,440 1,799 5,641 70 2,415 754 1,571 Age not S'tateC 13 9 4 7 I 7. COI)(BATORE Total 156,667 61,26'7 95,400 21,749 10,589 396 47,332 33,02' 34,371 0-14 98,506 4:8,725 49,781 16,937 10,021 230 7,312 31,422 32,428 15-~4 34,297 8,060 26,237 4,812 li68 127 25,300 745 292 35-511 15,528 2,01l 13,517 24 12,373 265 376 60+ 8,336 2,471 5,865 15 2,347 592 1,275 Age not stated .. 8. POLLA.OBJ Total 124,787 45,324 79,483 13,858 6,470 7,236 39,899 22,120 30,227 0-14: 81,157 39,583 41,574 12,050 6,322 6,605 6,789 20,868 28,4:25 15-34- 22,776 3,008 19,768 1,804 147 456 19,357 .1)()8 22 Ii 35-59 13,634 796 12,838 4 1 132 1l,704 190 460 60+ 7,220 1,937 5,283 43 2,049 554 1,116 Age not F:ta~ " 9. UDUIlALPBT Total 92,589 34,280 58,309 10,451 5,128 651 27,587 21,559 23,305 0-14: 62,098 30,610 31,488 9,613 4,984 316 4,625 20,656 21,856 15-34 15.712 1,506 14,206 837 144 141 13,835 272 182 35-59 8,824 542 8,282 I 52 7,386 160 315 60+ 5,942 1,620 4,322 42 1,718 4:69 944 Aile not stated 13 2 11 3 2 8 ALL Un:UN Total 640,2211 237,150 403,078 102,519 74,095 190,037 ..113,470 130,790 0-14 381,621 190,504 191,117 84,537 67,151 1,331 105,241 122,538 15-34 159,625 30,569 129,056 17,960 6,943 ll9,608 4,004 1,690 35-59 70,116 6,605 63,511 22 1 58,893 1,590 2,078 60+ 28,864 9,472 19,392 10,205 2,635 4,4~4 Me not lltated .. 211 GROUPS AND TYPE OF AOTIVITY-(concld.); R~li1'.d p'rtCJttl not emplCJYed B~ggarl1, flagrant8, etc,. Inmatu oj PeMI, P~r"CJtM ,eeking Per8Qn8 employed again 01' other perlCJn8 oj women without indicanon Mental and ChAritable employmeni lor the b£JCJn bul now 01.1' of Independenl means oj source CJJ in_ In,nMion, firB' 'it1l~ ~mplovmem and ,eding work .;.._ r--~ r- 1 Malu FemalM JlaU/1 'ml(JZu Malu Femalt8 Malt8 Female8 Malea F~11Ial8' (11) (12) (l3) {14} (16) (is) (17) (IS) (HI) (20) DBA! 1~108 2,045 99 57 16 8 125 54 7 l() 24: 3 19 }O 24 17 S 4: 91 35 131i 392 42 17 8 Z 8 15 948 I,G4J 26 12 " 2 1 2 1 2 !l'AL'UX: 1,992 2,887 274 166 2,841 15 774 36 217 4 31 19 4 93 1 8 ... 28 14 62 23 1,476 3 661 35 150 2 458 712 87 49 I,1l2 6 18 00 47 1 1,606 2,161 94: 75 250 6 2 .. 12 1 •.. .. T.u.Ult 1,869 2,705 171 155 9 1 173 5 88 1 .. 31 38 .. .. 21 ., . 2 22 13 35 19 4: 1 14:2 5 37 3e3 629 40 43 I) .. 10 .. 47 1 1.284 2.063 54 55 .. 2 '.' '0 .. .. . rALUx UU 2,198 186 tOj 9 ! 141 63 .. 1 3 15 20 8 .0 22 10 43 3S 6 ! 131 54 t. 2.5& 54:9 1i4 3~ 2 • 0 4 13 1,084, 1,636 23 24 .1. .. 1 TALUX. 9,825 6,771 t,747 796 114 20 6,636 40~ 2,779 165 14 172 91 11 346 2 183 4, 285 38 482 236 95 9 6,046 397 1,697 135, 3,135 2,159 744 344 59 9 212 3 813 2j. 6,391 4,574 349 125 9 2 2 iU 86 II u ... .. - ...... c -27A. HOUSEHOLD ECONOMI TABLES (a·x -B·iXVI)) HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC TABLES Thes~ tables are based on the household schedule, a new table B·X is a summary table which distributes sa.mple STATEMENT I (From Table B·X) Distribution of 1,000 households each among those engaged (i) neither in cultivation nor in household industry;: . (ii) in cultivation only; (iii) in household industry only and (iv) both in cultivation and household industry H0U8eholds Hou8~hold8 engaged neither HoU8cholrl$ Households engaged both State/district/taluk in ouleivation engaged in engaged i1i in culiivatw", nor household cultivation hOWJehold and lwusehol~ indU8try only industry industry only (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) .Madras T 489 424 62 25 R 369 544 55 32 U 831 81 83 5 Coimbatore Distriet T 584 294 8S 34 R 466 386 102 46 U 886 58 54 2 All Rural areas...... R 466 386 102 46 Bhll.v&ni taluk .. R 426 430 III 33 Gopichettipalayam taluk R 404 455 83 58 Erode ta,luk ... R 369 440 138 53 Dharapufam taluk R 362 364 166 108 Palladam taluk .. R 4W} 359 llS 54 Avanashi taluk .. R 398 459 88 55 Coimbatore tllluk R 649 295 49 7 .. PoIl&chi taluk '... R 643 291 62 4 UdumaJpet taJuk .'. R 588 341 58 13 All Urban areas .. U 886 58 54 2 • In Coimbatore, Polla.chi and Udumalpet taluks the in the descending order of concentration of these house •. proportion of rural households engaged neither in cultiva. holds. Large tracts of plantations, prevalenoe of hoase tion nor in household industry are as high as 649) 643 and hold industry and the comparatively larger size of holding a: 588 respectively. Compared with the State 'figure of 369 are some of the causes that could be attributed for the low· it shows that these rural parts here have more urban proportion of cultivating households in this district. The· characteristics in them.' The rapid industrial growth in proportions of households engaged in household industry Coimbatore especially in textile industry will account for it. only. is the highest in Dharapuram, followed by Erode. The proportions of households engaged in cultiv;ation only It may be on account of cotton weaving and hand spinning are higher in Avanashi, followed by Gopichettipalayam. prevalent in the rural parts of these talukB. Dharapuram Pollachi has the least proportion. In gelleral the prop or.. also leads in having higher proportion of 'households: tion of cultivating households in this district ig less, and engaged both in cultivat.ion and household industry. the district stands eleventh if all the districts are presented STATEMENT II (From Table B.XVII) Size at Housebolds- Rgral areas oflly State/district Total Rural Urban HO!1.!ehold Household Household Houoeholds Households Households engaged engaged in tngaged in neither in hOUBehald cultivation cultivation industry only Mr house· only hold industry (1) (2) (3) (~) (5) (6) (7) 4,·7 Mlldrll.s State '" '·6 '·6 3-9 4'7 {i. I) Coimbtltore district 4-5 H 4'6 400 4'7 -t'9 217 Sta.tement II giveS the average number of persons under Local rights on land.-While recording the broad cate .. I e&oh variety of household. The a.verage size o(the h.ouse· gQriea of interests in la.nd, the vaaiousloea.l rights prevalen' hold here is smaller than t4at for the State which is 4·6. were ~o reoorded. Seleoted 100q,1 rights prevalent in this district with explana.tion are given in separate Appendix. Interest in land.-Table B·XI distributes sample house· holdi eng~ged in cultivation classified by interest i~ land Bize of Holding8.~Different bits ofland cultivated by the and size of land cultivated. Interest in land has been households have been added and recorded in the household divided into three broad groups (a) lan~ owned or ~eld from schedule. But, for the purpose of tabula.tion the range of Government (b) land held from private persons or institu. holdings were taken u.s less than 1 acre, 1-2'4 acres, and so tions for pa.yment in money, kind or share and (c) pa.rtly on and ending with the upper limit of 50 acres and mort owned or held fro~ Government and partly form priva.te and this ra.n,ge has been adopted for other tables too. persons for payment in money, kind or share. STATEMENT IV STATEMENT lIT (From Table B.II) Imerut i" land OoimWore diatriet Madral Stale Percentage of households in each class r3l;lge to to~",l l'.r~ oj Pe~eQ! cultiva.ting households . ,----'---;---.. Bouse- Arm Htm8e. Area hold fwlti Percenta~ Q/ TrI~w" Size C'la88 oj land (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ... - A . """"' I''''' in aore" Ooimbatore Madral. Stat.. (1) Owned or held from 79·5 8(}9 76·0 '78·1 Less tha.n 1 3·64 14·80 Government 1-2'4 19'49 33·21 (2) La.nd held from 10·9 6·7 1103 6·g 2·5-4·9 25·07 25·34 private persons 18·23 or institutions 5-7·4 12·51 7·5-9·9 .. 7·98 4·21 (3) Mi:J:oo .. 9·6 IN IH 15-1 ·. 10-12·4 9·21 3·97. 12·5-14·9 ·. 2·37 1·11 Stateptent III giv.es the peroont&ga of households 15-29·9 .. 9·83 3·52 30-49·9 .. - 2·74 0·80 under each group a.nd the estimated acreage. More than . •• 50 and above 1·24 0·33 i of the cultiv!Lting households have lands of their own, i.e .• ·~ lands with proprietary right of permanent heritable Unspecified 0·20 0·20 possession .with or without the right to transfer such title, It also reveals tha.t still 10·9 per cent of the households Statement IV shows the percentage of households cultivate 6·7 per cent of the total cultivated area under under each class range for the district and the State. pure tenancy and 12·4 per cent of the lands are under 66·4.3 per cent of households cultivate lands in the ranges mixed tenancy. Compared with the State figure of 11·3 up to 7·4 acres. In Kanyakumari district the correspond. per cent the households cultivating under pure tenancy, ing figure is 97·88 per cent. Coimbatore has less of sma.ll it is less, but when compared with the highest figure holdings (up to 2·4 acres) when compared with the State. among districts, namely, Thanja vur with 33·1 per cent or Statement V shows the distribution under the three howeholds cultivating land held on pure tenancy it stltnds interests, i.e., owned or held from Goverrunent, held £rOIl 6th in order among districts. priva.te persons and from both. 0-28 218 STATEMENT V (From Table B.XI) Percentage Distribution by-size olasses of land of cultiva.ting households under each interest , Sne class of land in 1lC1'e8r, 1-1 Ql ~ "d Ql ell ~ .odJ CII Ql 1-1 .;, ~ S a ..jt "4jt Ql ~ ~ ... 112 ~ .... c.I "It 'tl 0 (!) o:S i'I ,; () ....t'l ! I I 10 ~ ~ 11! Cl I II'l ~ 0, at 10 0 0 :::I '~ .-t at It;) ~ ...... ~ IQ ~ Mean for State 18·00 33·29 23047 11-70 3'71 3·94 0,95 3·4:9 0-83 0'38 Holding la.nd from private 6·95 29·78 27086 Hi'55 6·77 6·92 0,92 4·43 0·65 0,12 0,05 100 persons or institutions. Mean for State 28·53 42·30 18·15 6'33 ' 1'66 H:7 0·39 0'92 0'14 0'05 - - Holding Illnd. partly froIll 0·63 7·31 22·23 20'35 1l·90 10·41 5·94 16,25 . 3'86 H2 100 Government Imd partly r-:from. priwte persons. Moan for State ., 7-57 25·90 3H8 16·16 6·78 ' 4·08 2-91 4-43 1-13 0'34' .. STATEMENT VI ,Cumulative peroentage of hous~hold5 and area Madras State Coimbatore rImct Owmu,latilJe percentage oJ Householtk Area ,Houeehoids Area Size cm8 oj [d,fd in <&eru (I) (~} (3) (4) (5) "Less thlldl 1 c .. 14:80 1-62 3·63 0'22 1-0- 2-4 •. 48'01 14-00 23·13 4013 2-5- 4'9 •• 73·34 33043 48·20 14049 5·0- N " 85·86 60·17 66,42 27'63 7-5 - 9'9 •. 90·07 58,]0 74041 35·75 10-0-12-4 " 94·03 67·76 S3·63 47-82 ,12·5 - 1409 .• 95·15 7HQ 86·00 51-66 15,0- 29'9 " 98·66 87-45 95·82 76'26 30·0 - 49'9 •• 99·46 94-24 98'56 88-77 50 and above 99·80 99·71 90·80 99·85 Unspecified " 100,00 100·00 100,00 100'00 . Sta.tement VI shows the oumu1a.tive percentage of land The extent owned by the oultivating households are also held by households up to each clast; ranged for Coimbatore large. The average size of the land held by a cultivating Imd for the State. The holdings in Coimbatore are com· household in Coimbatore is 8·47 acres, whereas it is only paratively more spread in distribution. While in the 4·56 acres for the Sta,te as a whole. Another interesting State 73·34 per cent of the households own less than 5 acres, factor is, that it is Coimbatore that ranks first in ha.ving it is only 48·20 per cent for Coimbatore. The area owned the highest average size of holding held by a. cultiv?ting by them in Coimbatore is 14·49 of the total cultiva.ted area. houE'eholds and none of the other districts have come up "here as for the State it is 33·43. even to own 5 &crea. 219 STA.TEMENT VII Statement VII confirms the peculia.rity of the distribll~ tion of land holdings in Coimbatore. (From Table B-XII) -Family and attached kired workers in cultivation.-Percen Statement No~ VIII will give us an idea of the position tage- of male and female family workers to total workers of workers and their distribution in the households and ~ired workers in cultJ.vation of lands below 5 acres. engaged in cUltiva.tion only. It has been compiled from Family warker8 Table B·XII. Hired Male,g Fe~ WMket8 Madras Staia 66,70- 67010 - 49,54 Coimbatore district 40·73 42·33 2(90 STATEMENT YIU (From Table B.XII) .d ve,ragg number oj AtJeA'ag8 number oj PerC8ntage oj hired ioorklrl family workers hired. workers til t~ tOf)t'ketl Size, cZass pJ ~nd in acrM , Madras Ooimhatore Madro.t - Ooim~atore MGrdras :Ooimbator,: .8tate -Di$imt State DiBtrict StmQ ,.piaIM_ (l) (2) '(3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Le8II]than 1 ., 1-64 lo58 0·47 0,40 22040 20·19 •• } loO- H .. - .. J-_97 loBI ~ 1009 0·62 30·'76 25·67 ", 2·5- 4·9- -- 2·30 2·09 ) 3(};84 .. .. - . 1·94 0·93 45·76 5·0 - 7·4 2·55 2·31 2·67 ' lolO 61-14 32-ll7 ·7·5 - 9·9 .. 2·73 2·43 3·39 1054 ,. - ...... " 55-43 3~·74: 10·0, - llhf: ., 2·78 ' 2'57' 3·60 1·96 pHI 43·,2~ 12·5 - 14·9 2·90, 2·64 H2 " 2·0,0 "60040 ~;12 ·15·0 - 29·9, .. •• Z',97 2·76 4·84 3·0,4 61·95 52·45- 30·0, - 4:9·9 ~ . 2'99 2·80 ~~94 . ~·75 '-62;91 - •• ~~~85 W and above ... 2·67 2·47 ~'65 _8·60 78·29 "77!.69 'UnsPecified .. ·2-12 ) 2017 0·42 . 0·15 16·36 6052 All sizes .. 2·20 2>23 1-87 1-47 45·90 _ 39·G9- , , The employm~nt of hired labour and family workers cotton textiles and production ofjaggery from cOconut and is less in Coimbatore. palmyra are the two important household industries in Coimbat~re. Eighteen per cent of the total householdS Household Industry.-Next to Kanyakumari and Tiru engaged in cotton cloth weaving in handlooms in the nelveli, it is Coimbatore which has a high proportion of State are found in Coimbatore. It is noted for Khadi. households engaged in household indmltry in its rur a 60 per cent of the total households employed in Khadi _parts. 8·8 per cent of the total households in the district are found in Coimbatore. Coimbatore has one-third of _a.~engaged in household industry. Manufacture' of the households in the production of jaggery. STATEMENT IX (From Table B-XIV-.A) Distribution of l,DOO households by number of workers in the household classified by (i) All industries, (ii) Livestock a.nd hunting and (iii) Textile cotton Number oj persons ,.-- 1 2 3-5 6-9 10 and above Unspecijied. All Industries 385 331 251 32 1 Livestook and hunting 663 232 97 8 Textile Cotton 307 325 316 49 3 It shows the predominance of single workers in Live. almost equally distribu~d alliOfig households with one stock a.nn hunting. Manufacture of textile cotton is. person, two persons and three persons. C-28A 220 Pattern oj B0'U8eJwld Ind1.t8trie8.-Different household Ho'IUJelwldB engageiJ both in ouUivation ana MusehokJ industries found in the rural areaa of Coimbatore &re given iM'lUJtry.-Table B·XIII shows sample households below in the descending order of their concentration. engaged both in cultivation and household industry_ Cotton cloth wea.ving in handlooml. showing by the usual ten size classes of land cultivated by principal household industry in lS.le., Division and Cotton spinning (by Charka. and Takli). Major group. The percentage distribution of eJl rural Production of jaggery from coconut. and palmyra households engaged both in cultivatjon and household juice (neera) industry in Coimbatore district by Divisions and selected Making of leather boots, shoes or chapals {slippers, Major groups is given below :- sandals). AJIlnduBbcies 100 Manufacture of other wood and allied products. Division 0 i Agriculture, Making of earthenware such as pottery, etc. Livestock, MaJdng of baskets and broomsticks. Forestry, Fishing and 10·81 Hunting Foundry Industry (including blacksmithy). Major Group 04 : Livestock and hunting ·. 9·65 M&ntJ.tOOtute of jewellery, silvettvare and wares using Division 11 Mining and Quarrying Nil. gold and other preeious metal and precious and semi Division 2 & 3 : Manufacturing 89·19 proolot18 stones. ·. Major Group 20 Foodstuff 13·84 ita.k.ing of ca.rpets and druggets. .. ·. tJ 23 Textile cotton 60·32 Production of jUice by tapping other palms like date, ;, 27 Textile miscella.neous ·. 3·28 p&lmyra., etc. 28 Ma;nufa.cture of wood and 4·01 Mlftu!acture of leather products such sa leather up· " wooden products 31 Leather products •• 1·22 holstetY suit e&seB, pocket books, cigarette a.ild key cases, n 34-35 Non-metallic pl'od~cts 3·69 :pursM, saddlery, whip, a,cquaducta (k08). chars8 and other " (mineral) _. artieles. 36 Basic metals and their pro- t'02 " ducts . BMring of goat for milk and animal power. ".- Ma.king of mats, ha.ndfans and umbrellas from palm Only about 20 per cent of the households are engaged leaves. ' in industries directly allied to agriculture. Manufacture of lime. HO1l8ehold indust1"]J with cultivatilm and witMu.t Curti. Tra.ditiona.l garments, tlction.-In Table B·XVI holiseholds engaged in House Most of these household indu~tries are not based hold Industry with and without cultivation are classified on agriculture. by period of working and total number of workers. STATEMENr X (From Table-B-XVI) Distribution of 1,000 households enga.ged (A) Both in cultiva.tion and household industry and (B) Only in household industry for rural areas only. Household Industries are shown in selected I.S.I.C. Major Groups of Household Industry (All Rural and Urban Households 1,000). (A) Indicates households enga.ged in cultiva.tion and household industry. (B) Indicates households engaged only in household industrY4 .:.I ~ ~ ; .5 ~ ~ } ] i .5 ...tI :;! 1 tI ~ .g,i ~ ~~ ;:$ cq~ ::::~ 1.; ~ l ~ ~ ~ (1) (2) (3) (5) (6) (7) A • • •• 1,000 984- 93 878 136 12 a8 B .. I. 1,000 830 19 797 92 66 d III Statement X shows the distribution, or' these Out or 984 households as mnch &8 878 households are \ouseholds in rural area.s under Bome selected engaged in manufacturing, In addition, the predomi. D(lusehold industry. It brings out the difference in the nance of wea.ving as household industry and the eombillllo -distribp.tion of households with cultivation and Without tion of cultivation with wea.ving existing in rural partsof 'Clultivlition. Coimba.tore is revealed by the above statement. STATEMENT XI {From Table B.XVI) Distribution of 1,000 of all rural households engaged in household industry by duration of enga.gement in ::Household Industry All Industries 1-3monlhs 4-6 month. 7-9 months 101012 momhl MomM_ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) .-(6) Madras Slate "Iota\ 14 132 104 684 66 With cultivation .. 24 184 126 696 70 Without cultivation 9 101 91 735 64: Ooimbalo" di.!:rid "otal 10 120 73 758 34 With cultivation •• •• tt 19 203 114: 628 3t WiUlout cultivation •• •• .. & 89 54 817 34 Dartilion of household ind1JJJtry :-More than three-iourth Compa.red with state, opportunities for employment in of these households have employment through out the household industry throughout the yea.r is better ill year snd households without cultiva.tion are better in this Coimbatore. aspect compared to those households with cultivation. STATEMENT XII The statement XII shows the distribution of ma.le and Wrenn Table -B·X/V) female family workers in household industry. Females try to equal ma.les in Coimbatore. In general it conform. :Distribution of 1,000 family workers among males and to the trend prevailing for the State as a whole. The two females engaged in household industry statements XIII and XIV show the distribution of family Family and atf.ached Air«l, All I ndU8trie8 pet60M workers and hired workers in household indlistry by worker. t1& houIehold ind'lJlWy Malill Femalel dura.tion of work. They reveal that 75 per cent of the (1) (2) (3) fa.mily workers get employment throughout the year Madras Stare.- and households solely engaged in household industry Total .. 597 403 employ hired workers for", longer dura.tion in a yeaz. With cultiva.tion ., 597 403 Without cultivation .. 597 403 STATEMENT XIII (From Table B.XIV) Distribution of 1,000 family workers by duration of work in household industry AU Indmtri68-family workers 1-3 months 4-6montha [7-9 months 10 months MoruM not to one year Ita-ted (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) MadrMSklt~ Total 14 133 1O~ 689 62 614 With cultivation 0 0 21 177 121 67 Without cultiva.tion ' o. S 97 85 752 58 Ooimbatore Dwtrict r Total 10 128 74 756 32 118 631 With cultivation 0_ 17 198 36 Without cultivation 6 4:6 GO S67 21 STATEMENT XIV I (From TMle B·XIV) Distribution of 1,000 hired workers hy duration of work in household industry \ , 4 ~ IJ \ • ~ J 1-3 month:t 4-6 mOmM 7-9 monthB. .• 10 months to one year (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Malba8 Sta.&e -Total 35 201 no 599 55 , With cultivation _0 ,. 39 223- 115 564 59 Without cultivation 5 41 73 846 29 OoimhaoorB District Tota.l 31 143 66 741 19 " With cultivation .. 38 176 77 691 18 'Without cultivation 6 12 20 941 21 STATEMENT XV Compared with cultivation the percentage hired workers in household industry is less, and that too is (From Table B·Xl! and B-XVI) low in Coimbatore when compared with the State figure. Percentage of hired workers to total workers in rural areas Statement XV illustrates this fact. Engaged in OuliWation iIOWJc'Mld lndmtry (1 ) (2) (3) Madras State 45-26 3.57 Oojmbatore district ....~ 38,76 3-27 2!3 APPENDIX A selection of local rights in land in Ooimbatore .Bena, number and name oj Legal terminology. Description. t600re tn original language. (1) (2) (3) 1 PaMa ..... Registered holder of hwd When a,ryot is" first put into possession orIand he is furnished with a document calla ~ Kootupatta. ... Joint Pattad!ll'8 or joint owner· It means joint patts land held join.tly by two or more persona-Set ship also palta. .t.Kia.tbu •• Ryotwari ),{eans Ryotwari land held paying :regular assessment. :i' ~lathiyl Eduthathu • • Bought in land .. .• . It means land bid against auction. Perhap8 bought in la.nd. Lands purchased by the Governmellt a.t sales for land BOld for arrears of revenue whether an acoount of combination among the ryotll or otherwUw, it will be purchased by the Gilvernmellt at a nominal •price. (H. S. O. 45). If there is.no objection to the a8sigrunent of the lalld, the land may be roo..slugned to the defaulter (i.e.) the original owners or their undisputed heirs, in preference to out. siders if he pays the arrears, back assessment, bllrla.n.ce of loan if auy, etc" and applies to the TahsildW' for reassignment of land in. ..subject to the conditions laid down in B. ,8. O. 46 Paragraph 4• • • In.atn land Slang term for Maniyam-The word' Manya.m' is verna.cular fol' Inam. The word ' Inam ' literally means a gift. The term inam is an Arabic word. The word 'Inam' or Manyam denotea land held either at low assessment or altogether free, in consi. deratioll of servicas dOlle to the state or the community as in the ease of village servants (Land tellure-B. Soundararaja IYingar) Wilson's Glossary gives the meaning of the term thus. 'In India, and especially in the South and among the Maharattas tb.6 term Inam or MIldlYl1.m was especially applied to the gran.ta of lan.d held rent free and in hereditary and perpetual occupations' 0 Tb'e term Inam came to be generally applied to aU Government grants to denote grant in perpetuity not restimable. The origin of the Inam tenure can be traced to the grants made by th~ }lindu ,rulers fo~ the SUPP~\t of t.h\) temples and ,chari~ble, 'institutlOns ror the mamtenance of holy and learned men and 611 rewards for public service, 6tc. This practices was followed by the Muha.mmedan rulers and by the British administrators until ~bout a century ago. (Frqrp. the .s,tateDlf',nt of-objects an.d lesaons'to Blll1934). The inams may be classified (i) public or private (ii) individual or collective (iii) religioua on secular (iv) for past services or continuing servi()eB, according to their nature, object and aim. 6 Savari .. .. ZlIJllin la.nd It seems to be a slang tenn for Saverum. Saverum are private farm lands of Zamindo.l"S. In the case of Zaminda.r& ha.~ 'privats'lands"£he Mallikana or allowance' for collecting the revelultl' from ryots took the form of remission of revenue due on the:rnt and in the cases where they had none or the income there from was insufficient to make up that percentage, it took the form of grant of certain allotmonta of land revonue free. It is known Eli Saverum. 224: APPENDIX-(conclJ.) A selection of local rights in land in Coimbatore sma: number and name oj Legal termiMWgy. Deeoriplion. ,-"1'e in origtnallangoogll. (I) (2) (3) '1 Devadaya mam .' •• !nitro lands .. The term Devadaymn comprehends grantspf land not only in fatour of religious institutions such as temples and mutts but also tho8& made to servants for performing the various services connected therewith. Devadayam gt80llts may consist either of whole villages .. or portions thereof. Again, they may be assignments of land or revenue generally 180lld assignments and are made for their main tenance. It was also the policy of the Government in 1863 tl), convert such of these grants of assignment of revenues (in favour of temples) to assignments of lands. • Pll'ampariya Jnam _ Inam land - It means heriditary inam. t Kuvintin .. •• Inamland .. The term appears to be misspelt. The correct term may be quit.rent . - Quit.rent is the assessment payable on inam land. The tel'bl, appears to have boon used to indicate that the land is JD UlaJD land. . . 10 Sivajima .. •• Enoroachment of Gcvernment Unauthorised occupation of Government land (i.e.), cultiv~tion of pora.mboke land Government poramboke or waste lands by, paying 81U!QSS1iient. Cultivator ~ ~o title to the land. Usually the encroa_c_t may' be of unobJectIonable nature. and under B.S.O. (21) (1) thEt Sivaji madsrs who have expended 8 considerable &lnount of money or' labour in fitting for cultivation the land for which they apply wilf be given preference in assignment. 11 Condition Darkbut .. •• Conditional 8S8ignment •• Land assigned subject to certain conditions. Darkhast grants &r6- granta made by Government of lands at ita disposal consistiDg or waste lands or of lands relinquished or abandoned by ryots. They are regulated by rules contained in B.8.0. 15. 11 Condition patta .. • • Conditional 8S8ignment _ Land assigned subject to certain condition assignment is the grant of land at the disposal of the Government for private purpo8EIS to. individual firm or societies either as free or on payment of the full or a concessions! vwue of the ~d. ~e conditi0D8 of the grant are fully settled and clearly mentIoned m the order of assignment which is covered. by B.S.O. 15. 13 Wsram • • Lease or tenancy •• Land held under leMB on some crop sharing basis-This is a mode of' leasing agricultural land. Under this system the tenant need to pay a specified proportion of the produce to land holder. Condi. tions of wara.m vary from place to place. • • Lease or tenancy Land held under lease on the basis of crop sharing. In that the lesse&' pays the ahare due to the land owner in cash calculated at an agreed rate towards the share due to the land lord. _ Lease Leasing out the land for rent under conditions agreed to by both til& IS Pittam .. .~ - parties. .. Lease .. It means lease. Lease of immovable property is a transfer of right to enjoy such property for a certain time expressed or implied or in perpetuity, in consideration of a premium or of rent which may consist of monay. a share of crops or My othel'thing of value to be rendered periodically. or on specified occaaions, to the lesser by lessee. A lease may thus in perpetuity for life, for terms of years or from year to yea.r. • • Bhoodan land •.• Land donated to Bhri Acharya. Vinobba Bhave as Bhoodan._ l' BboodIn • Bhooda.n Yagna 'means the movement initiated by Sri Achary. Vinobba Bbave for the acquisition of lands through voluntary giftB for distribution to landless poor persons or for communit1 purposes. In this state the movement is regulated by 'The-· lIadraa Bhood&n Yapa Act, 19158 '. B.X..:..SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS (i) ENGAGED NEITHER IN OULTIVATION NOR HOUSE· HOLD INDUSTRY (ti) ENGAGED EITHER IN CULTIVATION OR HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY BUT NOT IN BOTH AND (ill) ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FOB ALL AREAS FLYLEAF The table presents data. of sample households olassifying them with referenoe to their economio activities, viz.- (i) Households engaged neither in cultiva.tion nor household industry. (ii) Households engaged in cultivation only. (iii) Households engaged in household industry only. (iv) Households engaged both in cultivation and household industry. For each category the figures are presented with Rural a.nd Urban breakup and total for the district. For taluks the figures for Rural alone have been presented. The concepts of household cultiva.tion and household industry are discussed in the preliminary note. The tabla like other Household Economic Tables that follow ha.ve been prepa.red on 20 per cent sample and the total number of sample households in the district is 155,'19. Institutions hava been excluded in the saltction of samples. Similar information on I General Population) can be found ill Tabla B·VII P&ris A and Bill 226 B X-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS (i) ENGAGED NEITHER IN CULTIVATION NOR HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY, (il) ENGAGED EITHER IN CULTIVATION OR HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY BUT HOT IN BOTH, (iii) ENGAGED BOTB IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FOR ALL AREAS , (Based on 20 per cent sample) Total H0U8eholdit H0U8eholdt HOUfJeJwlds H(}USeholds number engaged engaged in engaged in engaged Total of neither in cultivation hoU8ehold both in Rural hcrnseholda cultivation only industry cultivation Statel Di8trict ITaluk Urban ncr only and hrJU8ehold hotMeholrl industry industry (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Madras state T 1,448,862 708,136 614,855 89,921 35,950 R 1,073,886 396,611 584,330 58,884 34,061 U 374,976 311,525 30,525 31,037 1,889 C'oimbatore District .• T 155,439 90,727 45,746 13,700 5,268 R 111,819 52,068 43,203 11,366 5,182 U 43,620 38,659 2,543 2,334 84 All rural areas .• ... T 111,819 52,068 43,203 11,36& 5,182 Bhavani Truuk •• .. - R 9,851 4,197 4,236 1,098 320 Gopichettipruayam Taluk .IO - - R 15,384 6,213 7,008 1,275 888 ErodeTaluk .. .. R 18,684 6,895 8,222 2,574 992 Dharapuram T&luk .. R 14,029 5,085 5,100 2,322 1,522 Fal.1.adam Talllk .. .• R' 12,622 0,915 4,536 1,485 688 Avanll6hi Taluk •• .!. • - .. R 9,674 3,852 4,441 853 528 Coimbatore TaInk .ct R 12,379 8,037 3,647 605 90 Fo1laohi. Taluk ... R 10,581 6,803 3,077 654 47 Udumalpet Taluk .~ .. R 8,615 5,070 2,936 500 109 All urban areas T 43,620 38,659 2,543 2,334 B XI-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS' ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY INTEREST IN LAND AND SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY FLY LEAF This table presents data of sample households engaged in cultivation classified by interest in land and size of land cultivated. It is presented for rural and urban areas separately. For rural the figures are paesented for DistrictfTaluks while for urban figures are given only for the district. The interest in land is divided as follows: (i) Owned or held from Government. (ii) Held from private persons or institution for payment in money, kind or share. (iii) Partly held from Goveritment and partly from private persons for money, kind or share. These legends are indicated in colum (1) of the table by abbreviations (a), (b) and (c} respectively which are explained at the end of the table. Category (i) includes the total number of land holdings oWned or held by virtue of possession as owner viz., land held directly from Government under a grant, lease or assignment with rights of permanent heritable and transferable possession or with rights ot permanent, heritable possession but without the right of transfer or temporary or condi tionalleases of any kind entered into with the Government. Encroachment of Govern ment land is treated as land held from Government and is classified under Category (i). Category (ii) includes land taken from private persons or institutions for payment in money} kind or share with right of permanent heritable and transferable possession, with right of permanent heritable possession but without the right of transfer and those held under various tenancies or tenures which may be broadly classified as follows:- (i) Tenants holding land with permanent and heritable rights whose land cannot be resumed by the owner on ground of personal cultivation. (Such tenants may have the right of transfer also in certain cases.) (ii) Tenants who have been given permanent right subject to the right of resump tion by the owner (in some cases, the tenant has the right to acquire ownership. In other cases he does not possess this right.) (iii) Tenants holding land in areas where interim measure have been enacted for the stay of ejectment or for continuing the leases for a speoified period. (iv) Tenants holding land under temporary leases who are liable to eviction. (v) Areas held on condition of rendering service either to a village, community or to the Government as in the case of service inams. (This also includes cases where labourers working on plantations are given bits of land for personal cultivation with permanent rights.) (vi) All lands taken for a fixed amount of money or a fixed amount of produce 01 a share of the produce or for which money ~is paid partly in kind and partly in shape of cash and land held free of consideration. C-29A 228 Category (iii)-If the household had land cultivated under the above two oa.tegories, . it is ol&ssifi6d under Category (iii). The holdings a.re grouped into ten sizes in acres as follows:- Less than one acre 10'0-12'4 acres 1'0-2'4 acres 12-5-14-9 acres 2'5-4'9 acres 15'0-29-9 acres 5'0-7'4 aores 30'0-49'9 aores 7'5-9'9 aores 50 and above and UD.lpecified The definition of household oultivation is given in the preliminary note. 229 B Xl-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED If CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY INTEREST IN LAND AND SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATBD IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY (Based On 20 per cent sample) Number of ~ ______HOUftMld8 engagecl in cultivationA ______by size of .land in 0C1'61 ~ Intert8t in laRd ttllti. cultivated vatmg LU8 1'0- 2'5 - 5'0- "5- 10'0- 12'5- 15'0- 30'0- 50+ Un· MtuS' than 1 N 4'9 N 9'9 IN 14'9 29'9 49'9 8pwi· hold, fled. (1) . (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (~2) (13) ASK .RUR.lL .Altus Total •• 48,385 1,754 9,327 12,133 8,871 3,870 4,475 1,161 4,786 1,314 590 104: •• .. 38,622 1,366 7,488 9,693 7,113 2,970 3,634 827 3,802 1,096 532 101 - 5,028 357 1,495 1,894 789 SS6 S51 47 215 6 3 • 4,735 31 344 1,046 969 564 490 287 769 183 51 1. BHAUNI T.lLUlr .Total - 4:,556 223 1,192 l,352 923 243 281 46 226 53 16 1 a. 3,774 193 993 1,073 760 200 247 36 207 49 15 1 b. 446 30 163 163 78 8 6 1 7 c. 336 36 126 85 35 28 9 12' 1 :. GOPICBITTIP1.L.&.Yil: Tum: Total 7,806 392 2,040 2,326 1,4:89 54:2 488 12' 373 66 21 35 a. 6,354 354 1,654 1,852 1,197 411 404 83 291 > 56 17 35 b. 701 36 316 218 95 16 15 4. 1 c. 841 .2 70 256 197 116 69 78 10 3 3. EB.ODE TllUK Total 9,214 507 2,199 2,527 1,752 598 749 126 585 122 37 a. 7,448 388 1,660 2,021 1,445 482 658 90 539 117 37 11 b. 785 103 384: 189 68 14: 16 3 6 1 1 c. 981 16 155 317 239 102 75 33 4:0 • 4. DlURAl'URAlI TALUlt Total 6,622 189 764 I,ll! 1,000 591 893 .24:7 1,229 404: 197 15 &. 4,986 106 539 810 739 445 713 167 949 321 182 15 b. 805 53 199 198 138 69 87 10 43 7 1 c. 831 10 26 105 123 77 93 70 237 76 14 5. PALLADAlrl TA.TtJX ToW 5,222 99 738 1,213 1,018 482 556 166 660 18~ 81 20 a, .. ',543 81 659 1,067 897 405 4:75 139 547 165 71 20 t.. 310 11 56 9& 66 32 31 2 21 4 .. .. - 360 .. 13 50 55 45 50 25 92 20 10 - 230 B XI-BAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY INTEREST IN LAND AND SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(eoncld.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Number oj Household8 engagtd in (}ultivatioo by size oj land in aer68 ( ______-----A ______~ ______~ lnttrut in land culti· culUvat,a vanng Lesa 1'0- 2'5- 5'0- 7'5- 10'0- 1:l5- 15'(J- 30'- 50+ Un. home· than 1 H 4:,9 7'4, g.g 12'4 14'9 29'9 ,g'9 8peei· hold8 fl4d (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (II) (I~) (13) 6. AVANASHI TALUK Total 4,969 102 938 1,410 1,062 480 437 106 340 66 22 a. 4,310 98 837 1,236 923 393 a7~ 75 285 64 19 6 ., b. 281 4: 89 101 43 20 12 5 6 1 c. &78 ... 12 73 96 67 61 26 49 2 2 - 7. CCIMBATOAE TALUJi.: Total - 3,737 95 794 1,031 64-6 297 313 84 343 78 49 7 8. OJ. 2,862 82 669 813 463 199 227 54 240 66 43 6 b. - 498 13 109 154 88 42 50 4 35 2. 1 c. - 377 ... 16 64 95 56 36 26 68 10 - 8. POLLA-CHI TALull: Total - 3,124: 53 252 574 514 357 425 126 535 192 89 7 B.. .. 2,262 16 194 422 \ 363 243 291 91 400 155 80 7 b. 615 37 54: 142 121 91 92 12 52 12 2 c. ,247 4: 10 30 23 42 23 83 25 7 - 9. UDUMALAIl'ET TALUK Total 3,045 114 410 587 467 280 333 136 495 144 78 1 a.. 2,083 41 273 399 326 192 245 92 344 103 68 b. 578 70 125 143 92 44 42 10 41 9 1 1 o. ... 384 3 12 45 49 44 46 34 110 32 9 ALL URBAN AREAS Total 2,627 101 616 655 426 207 224 48 226 81 43 a.. 1,941 72 444 460 324 148 171 40 168 74 40 b. 522 29 158 152 74- 40 33 4 31 1 c. 164 14 43 28 19 20 4 27 6 3 Dtltripeion o/lege'll4: 8. Owned or held from Govornmont. h. Held from privata persoDJ3 or Institutions for pa.yment in money, kind or sharil. e. Partly held from Government and partly from privata persons for payment in money, kind or shart • . , . B. XII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND-NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY FLYLEAF This table presents data of households engaged in cultivation only classified by size of land cultivated and number of family workers and hired workers. Households having a particular size of holding mentioned in Table B Xl are cross tabulated with reference to the number of persons working in cultivation. It is presented for rural and urban a.reas separately for the district while rural figures alone are presented for the taluks. The size of holdings are the same as in Table B XI. The number of persons working is grouped under It 2, 3-5, 6-10, more than 10. persons and uIlBpecified. Under each group family workers and hired workers are shown separately. Fa,mUy workers in Household cultivation mean those members of the household who are engaged in cultivation by haVing some direct part in oultivation or direction or supervision of cultivation~ They need not necessarily do any m.anual labour. The absentee land lords are excluded. Hired workers refer to workers other than family members who are engaged in whole time employment and who worked during the last oultivating season or during the current cultivating season. Household oultivation has been defined in the prelimi~ary note .. .!32 B Xll-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND, CU1TIVATED~AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKEBS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY (Ba.sed on 20 per cent Sample) Cultivating lwu8eholda according to number of pe-rOOM engaged in otI/tivation Sitt of laM 'l'otal cultiffatf1lg households 1 Person (Ol~w range.s in ar,rea) HouseholdlJ Family 'WOrkers Hired Household8 Family workers 1J)(J1'ltera Males Females Males Females (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ALL Rmv.L AnEAS. All Sizes .. 43,203 64,887 32,799 61,829 10,639 9,369 1,270 Less tha.n L 1,466 1,588 753 395 812 692 120 1-0--2,4, "'. 8,092 9,715 5,082 4,910 3,272 2,800 472 2'5---4·9 .. 10,868 14,950 7~954 9,564 3,106 2,742 364 5'0-7-4: .. 8,040 12,245 6,508 8,617 1,662 1,4.96 166 7-5-9·9 3,505 5,731 2,853 5,322 " 605 .557 48 10-0-12-4 4,025 6,998 3,477 7,856 518 471 (7 12-5-14·9 1,089 1,905 868 2,088 111 98 13 15·0-29·9 .~. 4,314 8,193 3,826 12,976 399 373 26 30·0-49'9 1,199 2,427 1,006 5,621 80 73 7 50+ 556 992 400 4,465 39 " 36 3 Unspecified 99 143 72 15 35 31 4: 1. BHAv.A.Nl TALUlr All slllS •• - t,236 6,813 3,506 3,864 814 7II 103 Less tha.n 1 181 188 107 16 99 78 21 1,068 1'0-2·4 .. - 1,4J4 757 357 308 264 44 2·5--4·9 .. 1,259 1,945 1,091 700 232 206 26 888 5'0-704 .. 1,561 821 777 118 110 8 " 234 7-5-9·9 .. .. 447 213 387 19 18 1 271 10·0--1204 .549 234 460 22 21 1 IH-H·9 45 103 38 III 221 470 187 15·0-29·9 564 16 14: 2 52 108 53 351 30· ()49'9 " - 16 27 ( 50t 139 " Unspecified .". 1 1 1 2 .. 2. Go:arORETTIP!LA.YAM T.A:Ll1K 7,008 10,246 All sizes .. 4,317 6,701 2,259 2,017 242 342 351 149 Less than 1 128 221 196 25 - 1,781 2,130 1-0-204 .. 961 1,032 837 718 - 119 ., 2,049 2,873 1,274 1,527 2·5--4:·9 668 598 70 1,351 2,137 5·0-7-4, .. 939 1,016 3[7 300 17 4:93 852 334 578 89 7·5-9·9 .. 87 ~ - (39 799 315 719 62 10·0-12·4: - 55 7 12·5--14·9 III 236 59 190 12 12 - 341 658 216 1,014 10·0-29·9 38 37 -1 - lS6 127 29 365 30··1)-(9·9 5 5 - 18 50+ 35 12 130 - 34: 4:8 21» 2 10 Unspacified ~9 -J 233 B XII~AMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENG,AGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OJ LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RvaAL AID URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (&.sed on ~o per cent Sample} CuUivating 'lv:JuBehoUh tlcc()f'(/.ing to number of l1ersOM engaged. in. euliiv~(contd.) 2 Persons 3--6 F'''OM r--__-- __--_-A ____ _..~ _____~~ Siu oJ.1tmd ~------~------(Olrm raft9U Homeholdl Family svor-kNs H"td Howeholdl FamiJy &IOf'.I:cr, ...... in 1lClf'If) .,,/w, ..,." -F'tmalu Malu (9) (10) (11) (12) ~13) (14) (15) ALL RURAL AltEAs--(aontd.) All sim- 11,560 14,136 7,601 1,383 15,497 Z9,352 16,778 Less than 1 413 468 340 18 201i 376 J5' 77 loO-2-4, 2,637 3,034 1,992 2.8 1,838 3.307 2,240 194- !.5---4-.g 3,4:4:7 4,114 2,381 :99 3,567 6,590 4:,197 1,94:0 5'0-704. ~,251 ~.789 l,tlS 295 3,300 6,206 3,78~ 2,091 7-[;·-9·9 843 1,084 4:75 127 1,517 2,917 1,567 1,094- 10·1)....--12·4, 873 1,154 4:64 128 1,912 3,733 1,11511 1,556 12·5-1·4:-9 195 245 98 47 507 1,017 ".7 ~82 15·0-;-29·9 687 954 314 106 .2,023 3,95~ 1,8511 2,101 30· 0----49· 9 133 189 65 12 4:74: 946 360 GOO _ 50+ 4:7 66 25 3 U4: 242 79 177 Unspecified 34: 3Q !~ 26 59 32 IS- 1. BIIAVANI TA'Lux:~(contd.) All sins 1,091 1,297 7S8 147 1,776 3,385 1,844 1,347 Less than 1 5l) 54: H .2 3e .'11 38 11 1·0-2-4 393 ~5! 282 52 330 607 3711 16S 2·/h-4·9 347 41( 229 51 580 1,062 656 386 5·0-704 187 228 117 2~ 4:61 890 4:96 34.9- 7·5-9·9 37 47 20 7 119 237 102 )25 10·0-1204 42 56 24 4: 132 285 III 1J~ 12·5--14'9 7 11 3 IS 39 10 18' 15·0-29·9 25 32 16 2 89 186 .8 129- 30·0--49·9 3 3 3 12 22 e 26 50+ 4 5 1 12' Unspecified 1 1 1 ~ 2. GOPICHETTIPALAYAM TALuK-(canttl.) All sizes 1,947 2,485 1,169 240 2,221 .,398 2,150 1,462 Less than 1 79 85 71 2 36 65 4:7 15 1·0-2·4 546 661 388 43 337 644 386 13~ 2·1}-4·9 663 843 394 89 623 1,202 659 308 HI-H 381 504 197 61 549 ),085 559 32.' 7·5--9·9 120 162 58 20 224 454: 187 196 10·0-1204 82 118 29 17 213 446 164 197 12·5-14·9 18 28 4- 4: 61 144, 3& 1i8 15·0--29·9 42 63 17 4, 151 302 88 210 30.0-490 9 .2 4: 12 27 4- l' .40+ 1 2 4: 6 3 7 Unspec\lled 13 15, 11 II 24. 17 2 C-30 234 B' Xn-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(oontcl.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating households according to numbet' oj persons engaged in cultivation-(coneld.) Sizt oj land 6-10 Peraona More than 10 persofUJ Un8pecified (Olau rangel in aeru) Hrnue· Family worker. Hired HOWle· Family workers Hired Houe8· Family W01'ket'. hold, WO'I'ke18 holds workers hold, ,.----A----., Hired Males Females Male8 Females Males Femalu work"" (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24\ (25) (26) (27} (28} ALL RURAL AREAs-(concld.1 All sizes .. 3,673 . 8,848 5,564 11,886 1,806 3,182 1,586 38,044 28 Less than 1 18 38 31 52 13 14 5 248 1 100-,20, .. 224 432 309 791 115 142 69 2,977 6 2·5---4·9 ·. 504 1,171 824 1,490 233 333 188 5,735 11 5·0-7-4, .. 575 1,371 916 1,696 250 383 219 4,535 2 '1·5-9·9 368 887 599 1,112 170 286 164 2,989 2 10·0-12·. 4B2 1,222 800 1,342 238 418 211 4,831 2 12·5-14·9 157 424 241 408 69 121 69 1,151 15·0-29·9 839 2,136 1,257 2,516 365 771 374 8,253 1 30·0-49·9 328 805 407 1,191 181 414 167 3,818 3 SOT 174 348 173 778 172 300 120 3,507 UDl!p8Cified 4 14 7 10 1. BHAVANI TALUX-(concld.) All sizes ·. 458 1,214 787 1,281 97 006 84 1,189 Lees than 1 2 5 4 3 1·0-2·4 ·. 32 83 54 70 5 8 2 67 2·5-4·9 .. 95 258 177 199 5 5 3 65 5·0-1'4 109 311 193 257 13 22 7 142 7·5-9·9 49 124 79 141 10 21 II 114 10·0-12·' 62 163 86 187 13 24 12 146 12·5-14-9 17 45 22 59 3 8 3 34 15·()-29·9 69 177 96 218 22 61 25 215 30·0-49·9 16 36 23 62 21 47 21 264 50+ 7 12 3 35 5 10 92 Unspecified 2. GOPIOHETTIl'ALAYAJ( rALuK-:corwld.) All sillS ,. 409 1,026 571 1,2M 172 820 185 3,785 Less than 1 2 3 5 3 3 120 1·()-2·4, 38 71 45 145 23 36 23 705 2.6-4,9 62 175 107 144 33 55 44 986 tl·()-704 80 204 135 204 24 44 31 427 '1·6-9·9 44 118 68 113 16 31 19 24:9 138 18 367 10· ()-l 2-4 57 148 96 32 19 44 5 5 84 12·5-1409 15 45 14 7 15·()-29·9 81 186 83 309 29 70 27 491 30·0--49·9 26 66 18 112 11 25 7 237 .. 24 8 17 7 $()+ 5 II 2 99 ... Unspecified ...... , .. •• 235 ~ ,XII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ,ENGAGED IN' CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND , CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AID URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY -(cantd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating household, aecoNifig to number oj per80ns engagtd in cultivation I Siz~ of land Total cuUWating M'IJ8eholdB I Per8flf'l. "'"' (Ol~8 range. in r .A. acreB) Households Family workm Hired H01S8ehold3 F amUll tlJ(Jfk.,.8 workers Males Femalu Males FefMlu II) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (') 3. ERODE TALUK All sizes · . 8;222 12,551 8,648 6,469 1,821 1,101 320 Less than 1 409 475 333 81 137 102 U 1·0--2·4 .. 1,843 2.334 1,628 767 492 405 87 2·5-4'9 ·. 2,241 ' 3,250 2,335 1,339 379 325 5'0-704 · . 1,615 2,591 ' 1,864 1,,221 175 150 II't5 705-9'9 · . 554 958 666 571 50 40 10 10'0--12'4 712 1,304 876 745 37 34 S 12'5-14·9 123 261 154 169 6 6 15'0--29·9 558 1,080 640 999 30 27 3. 30·0--49·9 120 230 107 364 8 7 I 50+ 36 57 37 213 2 S Unspecified II 11. S .. S 3 2 4. DBARAPUBAM TALUK All sizes 5,100 8,011 4,442 2,978 1,113 999 , It4 LeBs tha.n I ,. 119 124 43 6 82 69 13 1·0-2·4 570 703 364 91 229 200 29 2·&-4·9 848 1,158 665 189 238 214 24 ; 768 5·0--704 . 1,097 649 257 176 158 IS 7-5-9·9 449 695 402 146 91 80 II 10·0--1204 688 1,155 ti54 337 107 97 10 12·5-14·9 176 321 168 115 21 19 I 15·0--29·9 962 1,805 1,012 684 1I6 115 1 30·0--49'9 330 620 320 486 32 27 I) 50+ 175 309 152 659 16 15 1 Unspecified 15 24 13 3 5 5 5. PALLADAM TALUl!: All sizes ... 4,536 6,297 3,446 11,090 1,231 1,086 195 77 70 27 Less than 1 57 52 45 7 621 639 1·0-2'4 348 733 299 244 55 2-5-4-9 1,077 1,261 700 1,536 377 312 65 896 1,178 690 244 . 5·0-704 1,079 209 35 421 579 705-9'9 345 1,1l6 85 73 12 10·0--12·4 467 759 403 1,431 77 68 g 142 241 115 12·5-14·9 316 25 20 5 576 ' 1,Q53 572 15·0--29·9 3,108 53 48 5 30·0--49·9 167 363 173 944 7 7 74 128 59 .. 50+ .. 768 7 6 1 18 26 14 Unspecified 2 5 • 1 0-30A 236 B In-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED 1M CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL UD URBAI ABEAB SEPARATELY-(cmld.) ,:eyaaed o. !O per cent ~&mple) Cultivating MU6tholcla aecording to numbtl' of pe'1'lOn8 engaged in cultivation---(o.ntd.) ~oJlMd 2 Pe,sQM 3-5 Pers01t8 (O_rattgel ".~ Family wOf'keri Familr 'UHX'kerl H(}Ufthold$ Hired Hom~hoid~ __;..______.., Hired Matti Femak# WOf'ker, Malell Female, uxwker8 (!I) (10) (ll) (12) (13) (14) (15)' (16) 3. ERODE TALUK-(*mtd.) Alls_ 2,464 2,799 1,963 166 3,523 8,582 4,840 1,668 Lem! tllu.l 164 173 H:~ 6 ·98 178 128 3(1 1·(1...-2·, 684 74,3 590 35 1I65 1,003 SO'1 197 J·6-·U 76() 843 628 4:9 924 1;697 l,34S 321 J)'O--V" 453 5.!5 351 30 822 1,560 1,186 343 "I.f--9-f 114 HI 71 15 307 572 411 171 10·0-12·( 151 192 9~ 12 397 765 517 23t 12·IS-IH 18 22 11 3 M 138 6g .')4 lli·()..-29·' 95 128 4:t 13 284: 548 #12 242 30·f}...49·' 15 IS 10 2 51 !}7 4:11 G2 .60+ , 9 3 9 21 10 8 lJnspeGitied 4, 9 3 2 3 3 4:. DlfAltAPUItAV TALux-(.ontd.) All sillS 1,405 l t 732 942 186 2,1%6 4,159 !i588 {,091 L9!18 tbu 1 27 33 20 I 9 II) II 2 H}-2·.4, 186 215 141 16 142 263 178 41i 2'~'9 295 351 219 20 289 643 387 94 .5·~N 262 308 187 29 296 541 381 1311 7·5-{J.(1 135 172 94 .{ 197 387 250 fi3 IO'G-lH 200 2.~7 118 25 325 654 420 154 12-6-14·9 40 .'H 21 8 93 189 107 .7 ]5·()"'-~·" 182 237 98 29 544 1,110 645 3015 :30·0- 49·~ 50 73 25 2 174 348 163 171 .')0+ 22 29 13 2 155 101 ' 46 72 Unspooified ,. 6 ti 6 2 4 2 1 All_ 5, PALUDAl( TALtlX-(contJ,) 1,199 1~377 878 143 1,413 2,633 1,p08 1,244- Less thu. I 15 15 14 6 7 5 6 1·0-2·' 189 206 160 12 100 165 IIi 79 2·6-4·9 358 396 280 40 259 433 290 I~1 5·(}--'1·' 265 30i 192 34 297 507 341 2.25 H--9~ 122 J37 88 19 l46 267 166 123 IO·1}.-lH 95 II7 63 10 207 390 .. 2U 178 IH..-IU 30 36 18 6 . 61 125 61 56 16,0-29,0 96 131 43 19 250 471 .~50 302 !«).()..-49·' 20 2iJ. 12 3 67 146 .,51 79 50+ .. 2 3 1 15 30 11 16 ,., U~ .' 7 7 5 12 .. 5 •• !37 ,-B Xn-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LA!D CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(tontd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultiva!ing hou8ehold8 acwTding to number oj per~oM engaged in cultivatio~(eoneld.) 81zt uJlood 6-10 Per801l1J More than 10 perS01'l8 Umpeefjitd (ClM, raAg~' r---'~ tn lWI'u) HQU8e Pamily worker, Hired HOWle- Family workerl Hired Family worker. hold. ~ worker, hold worktrB ~ Bind Males Female8 Males Femalu HOUlt- Male. Fmalu workeu hoidt (17) , (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) 3. ERODE'r,ALUX-(COMld.) .All SI185 .. 688 1,671 1,336 1,742 226 398 289 2,895 Less than I 9 21 20 19 1 1 I 20 1-0-2·( .. 80 153 127 282 22 30 17 253 , 2·5--4·1) .. 133 314 256 352 45 71 &9 617 ,5·0-7-4, 123 284 243 300 42 72 59 548 •• 7·5-9·9 .. 65 179 149 125 18 26 25 259 10·0-12·4, ]01 265 222 210 26 48 36 291 .. 12-5-14·9 28 77 61 50 7 18 13 62 }/i·0-'29-& 109 287 215 258 40 90 61 486 ·3n~(}-l9·9 31 80 35 98 15 28 12 202 JiO+ 9 11 8 48 10 14 16 11i7 •• UDBpeci6ed .... I. _ All 8iHS .• 378 1,013 726 888 65 108 72 858 13 .. 3 Less than 1 1 3 1 •• 4 '. • • 1-0-2·4 9 25 15 19 1 1 10 3, !.~.1) .. 22 4,6 34 69 1 4: 1 6 3 5·0-7-4 .. 29 82 57 56 4: 8 tI 36 1 .,·5-9·9 .. 23 55 46 64 1 1 1 15 2 .... lO·t}-12·' 49 140 99 100 {) 7 7 58 2 12;5-14·9 21 61 38 42 1 1 18 15·0-29·9 105 309 239 185 15 34 29 165 20·0-49·9 59 151 113 146 13 21 14 167 .2 M+ 5S 132 79 202 2( 32 13 3S3 Unspecified 2 9 5 2 An sizes .. 405 892 606 1,408 279 259 8.295 9 ", •• L9SS thrull 3 3 1 50 1 " ... •• 1·0-2-4 .. 13 17 11 67 17 17 S 575 3 .. '2· !i-HI 51 86 55 239 29 34 10 1,076 3 ,. .5·0-7-4, ., 5l llO 89 142 38 48 38 ~78 1 " '7-5-9·9 38 73 53 141 30 39 26 833 10·0-12·4 55 125 81 187 33 59 36 1,056 12·5-14·9 17 44 27 40 9 16 4, 214 15·0-29·9 112 274 197 343 64 129 77 2,445 1 '30·0-49·9 44 116 70 140 29 89 4:0 722 M+ 23 ,4=' ~2 107 li7 45 .94 1146 1 3 1 2 U~ed '. 238 B XII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND, CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FA1rIILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY -(contd.) (Based on 20 per oent Sample) Oultivating weholdB acoording 10 number of pe'l'80nI engaged 1n cul#lIation Biu oJ land Total eultiflating MU8eMliU 1 Per80n (Claas rangea i1l ,- ,--- acre8) Household, Family workers Hired HOUBehold8 Family workera fIOrk." Males Females Males Femau" (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 6. AVANISm TALUX All sizes f,441 6,721 2,315 4,653 1,372 1,226 146 Less than 1 88 97 27 13 60 52 8 1·0-2·4 811 917 359 280 423 369 54 2·5-4·9 1,269 1,723 652 620 472 420 62 5·0-7-4, 938 1,445 518 924 233 211 22 7·5-9·9 436 772 249 669 79 78 1 10·0--1204 406 753 221 S15 61 55 6 12·5---14·9 98 182 54 186 10 9 1 15'0-29'9 305 646 186 784 19 17 2 30·0-49·9 63 133 38 226 9 9 60+ 22 46 10 136 3 3 Unspeoified li 7 1 - 3 3 '7, COIldBAl'OBB 1'ALUX All sizes 3,647 4,980 2,122 5,396 1,230 1,086 144- Less than 1 93 90 35 28 66 57 II 1-0-2'4 764 816 367 365 415 358 2·5-4'9 1,003 1,264 543 1,119 392 352 40- 5·0-7·4 629 873 413 915 163 141 22 " 7·5-9·9 .. 293 456 200 364 66 63 :l 10,0-1204 •• 309 478 191 376 62 56 6 12·5-14>9 83 147 69 178 8 7 1" 15·0-29·9 339 624 229 1,237 45 39 8 " 30·0-49·9 78 139 46 355 5 I) 50t 49 83 27 453 4: 4 Unspecifiod 7 10 2 6 4: * .. " 8. POLLA.CBI TALUK AD sizes 3,0'17 5,092 2,322 7,916 464 439 .26- Less than 1 51 68 11 41 27 27 1·c.-2·4 .t 244 308 135 100 89 82 j 560 779 397 398 137 2·5--4-9 " 130 7 5·0--7-4 ,. 505 779 352 736 80 76 4 7·5-9·9 355 600 284 622 48 46 2- 10·0--1204 419 724 364 1,186 31 31 12·5-14·9 126 226 114 339 8 6 2 15·0-29·9 529 1,011 466 2,192 29 28 1 30.0-49·9 192 422 141 1,376 '1 6 J 60+ 89 160 54 926 6 5 1 Unspecm.ed 7 16 4 .. 2 2. J39 B xn-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(conttl.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating MWJeholdB according to number oj per801l8 engaged in cuUivation-( contd.) ~------~------~2 Persons 3-5 Per80M . Size 0IIMIl ~------~----.------, .------~------~ . (ClaB8 f'aJlfel Family worlct" House1lold. Family workers Hired inacru) worker, Males Females Malu Females (9) (10) (Il) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 6. AVANISHI TAL\JK-(wnfd.) All silts 1.149 1,505 570 223 1,408 2,787 1,096 1,240 Lees than 1 19 24 14 8 20 ,5 2 100-2·4, 225 274 131 45 145 242 153 llS 666' . 2·5-4·9 392 495 215 74 338 301., 219 ~·O-H: 263 351 126 49 343 660 285 293 7·5-9·9 98 137 36 23 184 383 130 153 10·0--12" 77 113 26 15 188 387 110 215 , . 12·O;""'I4~9 13 14 5 7 64 115 27 60 15-0-29'9 57 89 16 9 lIS 251 70 147 30·0-49·9 3 4 1 1 22 46 13 20 50t 1 2 7 15 1 16 'Unspecified 1 2 1 2 1 '1. COIII1IATORE TALUX-(eontd.) All sll8S 947 1,175 606 118 1~OS7 . 1,895 932 Lefl8thanl 19 22 14 2: 5 6 ~l 1·~2·4 222 249 174 21 105 176 109 83 1·5--4·9 308 369 216 31 228 413 206 200 5·0-704 178 230 102 24 207 369 2PP 151 1·5-9·9 61 80 30 12 126 231 1)) 98 10·0-1204 83 112 46 8 126 238 IP~ 120 12·5-1409 16 22 4 6 42 81 ~7 47 15·0-29·9 43 68 11 7 157 298 1~2 196 30·0-49·9 11 16 4: 2 32 63 ~2 U 00+ 5 6 8 17 3 11 1 1 UnspeciJied 1 " .. 1 3 It AJI sizes 687 895 362 U7 1,203 2,165 1,&76 1.314 Less than 1 16 25 6 1 5 10 '4: 3 1-0-204 91 llO 61 11 52 97 64 35 2·5---4-9 179 218 111 29 204 353 217 167 5o(1-H 154 204 76 28 207 368 100 197 1·5-9·9 83 116 38 12 148 2S2 1(8 105 10·0-12·4 73 97 27 22 218 379 200 253 12·5-14'9 19 20 11 7 63 112 00 81 Hi·0-29·9 50 70 24 6 240 428 PHI 354 30·0-49·9 14 23 4: 1 53 106 fi 98 50+ 6 9 3 10 20 , '1 21 "Unspecified 2 3 I a 10· • '3 240 B III-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY' CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OP LAND' CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY -(eonjd.) . (Baaed on 20 per rent Sample) Oultivating Mwcholdo aocording to number of Pe1'SOM engaged in cultivation - (eoneld.) 6-10 Persons More than 10 per80m Unspuijied 8." oj laltd House Family worker.; Hired Howe- Family worke" Hired HQU8t- Familv Bird ,CI"" range holda worker' holds ~ workera hoZda worker, worker. in acrH) Males Famles Males Fema'lu ~ Malu Femalu (17) (18) (19) (20) (21} (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28), 6. AUNAUI TALUK-(oncld.) , III SlRII .• 36! 90S 398 1,277 150 297 106 1,lt3 1eNthf,n 1 .. 1 1 11 l·o-H " 12 25 17 33 6 7 4. 87 2·5-4·9 .. - 52 123 70 170 15 19 14: 157 o·O--H .. 76 186 71 29' 23 37 14: 288 7·5-9·9 .. 51 129 62 170 24: 4,5 20 323 10·()...... llH, 4:9 128 58 165 31 70 21 420 12·5-U·9 15 34: 17 ~9 6 10 4: 70 15·()...... 29·9 SO 214: 79 269 31 75 19 359 30·t)...... 49·9 22 55 IS 105 7 19 6 100 50+ 5 12 I) 22 6 14 3 98 Unspecified 7. COIMBATOBlil TALUK-(COfiCld.} Ali sins .. 272 555' 321 1t 069 1e1 269 119 UpS Less than 1 2 4 1 11 1 1 15 .. - l·t}-H •• 16 25 24 59 6 '8 3 202 !·5--4·9 .• 51 90 63 202 24 4.0 18 686 5'O-H •• 48 80 56 214 33 53 25 526 7-5-9·9 .. 27 56 43 94 13 26 13 160 10'0-12-4 - 26 53 32 91 12 19 4: 157 17 22 8 11 10 103 12·5--14'9 .~. 9 26 .. 15'0-29·9 56 148 58 189 38 71 32 846 .. 30·0-49'9 21 42 17 96 9 13 3 205 .. 9 85 17 27 11 358 ~+ 15 29 •• - 1 2 1 6 Unspecified .. ' 8. POLLAOHI TALUK-(oon,ld.) All sizes _ .. 481 1,099 644 1,661 248 494 215 4,824 LeSB than 1 1 1 1 5 2 I} 32 1·0-24 ... -... 11 18 13 « 1 1 10 2·5--4·9 •• -,to. 30 60 53 88 10 18 9 U4: 5·(}-H .. .. 4:1 91 56 U3 23 40 17 368 7-5-9·9 •• '.' 51 112 71 175 25 44 25 330 10'0-12'4 '.' 58 146 94 157 39 71 .0 754 11-5-14'9 ... 25 65 35 67 11 23 16 184 15'0-29'9 •• 159 381 222 518 51 104 -i3 1,314 -i0 4:0 947 30'(}-4:9'9 "'" 78 174 75 330 113' 40+. .. 26 51 24: 134: 4:1 75 25 771 Umpoowed - ... •• •• 241 B Xli ~SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND BIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating households oecording to number of persons engag€d in tultit)(1Uon ~ Size of land Total cultivating households 1 Person ...__ _ _.h- Wla.~s range in r .- acres) , Households Family workers Hired Hou8eholds Family workers -"'----, workers r---__J...----, Males . Femal68 Males FemalM (I) (;!) (3) (4) (5) (0) (7) (8) ", UDU1I1ALl'ET TALUK All size~ 2,936 4,176 1,681 12,767 835 754 81 Less than 1 106 125 21 25 68 66 2 1·\}-2·4 390 454 163 1,185 180 160 2(} 2·5--4·9 562 697 297 2,136 211 185 26 5·0~7-4 450 584 262 1,692 156 HI 15 7-5-9·!) ,. ' 270 372 160 869 78 72 6 10'0-12-4 321 477 219 1,787 50 51 ~ 12·5-14-9 135 188 97 484 21 19 J 15·0-29·9 4S3 846 31B 2,394 53 48 5 30·0.-4HI ' " 141 285 99 1,154 7 7 50t 77 117 45 1,041 1 1 ... U nBpecified 1 1 1 1 ..,. C-31 24:2 B xn-8AMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGBD II CULTIVATION OILY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AID HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAH AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) oulti-vating households according _to _...__number 1)1 perSOn8 engaged in cldtifJation-(cont,d.) r------.. 2 Persons 3-5 PerS(YfI,8 Size o/land, r------"--..A..-- .., ,-- .A. (Claa8 ranges in Households Family workers Hired HOU8eholds Family wnrkers Hired acre8) ,--~--A I 1l1Orkers I--_"'_____~ 1IJorkera JIales Females Males Female8 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) ( 14) (15) (16) 9. Ur.UXALPET'l'ALUX-(oonrd.) All sins 671 871 373 98 790 1,448 744- 696 Leas than I 24 37 8 3 12 20 10 12 1·0-204 101 124 65 13 62 120 64 32 !M-4'9 145 185 89 16 122 221 133 65 ~'O-H, 108 135 70 II 118 226 134 73 N-9'9 73 92 40 14 66 114: 62 60 10·0-12'4 70 92 33 15 106 189 113 83 12·5-1409 34 41 21 6 51 74 50 61 15·0--29·9 97 136 40 18 190 365 144 217 30·0--49·9 15 23 6 1 61 91 31 77 ;50+ 4: 6 1 1 12 28 3 Unspecified I' 2'3 B XII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS EIGAGED ill CULTIVATION ONLY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED AND NUMBER OF FAMILY WORKERS AND HIRED WORKERS IN RURAL AND URBAK AREAS SEPARAT.ELY-(colltd.) (Based on 20 per cent. Sample) Oultiva#ng hoWleholda Gocording to number of persons engaged in eultivation---(oonold.) ,-- ~ 6-10 Persons lJ;J ore than 10 persOM U naptcified "'" ,-- -., r---- ~ Size of land HOUil8' Family wo1ker8 Hired House. Family workers HirFd HOWle- Family Hired (Clas8 ranges in /wIds ,----"----, workers holda r-~-----' workerlJ holdB workers worker, acres) Males Female8 Males Females r----A---., Malu Ji'cmale(l I (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (!S} 9. UDUMALPET TALUX-(concld.) All sizes .. 221 472 225 876 413 631 258 11,097 6 Less than 1 2 2 1 10 .. 11 1,068 1,O-lH .0 13 15 3 72 34 35 2-5-4'9 o. 8 19 9 27 71 87 40 2,028 5 1)'0-7-4 .. 18 23 16 86 50 59 27 1,022 7·5-9·9 .. 20 41 28 89 33 53 24- 706 36 1,582 10·0-12·4 25 54 32 107 61 88 , .. 12·5-1409 to 27 10 35 19 27 14 382 15,0-29,9 68 160 68 227 75 137 61 1,932 30-0-49'9 31 85 38 102 36 79 24 974 .. 26 46 2() 121 66 21 903 50+ 34 ... N Unspecified ...... •• ...... - C-3lA fi'J ~~O!IIO~"'","¢'I .... Cl r OJ ...... ;r;l~QlOIQ~IQ~ 0_ ...... IN ...... ( .... OO'!jlOO~"'IQ~l'o(C C'I INQ)OO"'l'oO:="'l'oM ..00" .... IN Col ...... Q)~I:;llM ..... t-INOIN ....OOOMc-:J ...... ~ ...... MClMM~'N..j<·(j 1"""1 .,.1 ,...., I"""I..-! ~1!"""'1 C'l ..... <:'1 t- <:'1 Cl '!jI ...... j< l'o IQ ~ooMaI ...... ~e-loo'L) C :/) 0 ..... G1 '!jI .... (;'1 l'o '" t· 00 M "'" ~ C'l ~ C'l ~ ..... C'I...... C'l ...... ~O) 0);:' ~ ...... =d>IN~ d~ 66 OC'l abo ...... ~ 'B XIII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY SHOWING SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FOR RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY FLY LEAF This table presents households engaged both in_ cultivation and household industry. It shows the size of land cultivated by these households classified by principal household industry. This table is presented for rural and urban separately for the district. The size of land given in columns 4-13 is same as indicated in the fly leaf to Table B XI. Principal household industry is that industry which is conducted for a greater number of months by the household. Provision was made in the household schedule to record more than one household industry if practised by the household, but only principal household industry has been tabulated. Definition or the household industry is given in .the preliminary note. Principal household industry in column (2) is classified on the basis of Indian Standard Industrial Classification and is presented for division and major group only. Household industry is covered under divi~ion 0'3. Appendix V to the preliminary note in Part III Volume may be seen for detailed description of the code numbers of divisions and groups used in the Appendix to this table. Major groups of household industry that which have less than ten percent figures of the respective division are not printed in the main table but are given in a Reparate .appendix. The affected divisions are indicated by a mark of asterisk (') in the main table. In the Appendix the number of the major groups (in figures) and in brackets the size of land (in abbreviation) and the number of households are given. The abbrevia ,tions are explained in the appendix itself. 248 B XIII-SAIPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY SHOWING SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY Iff RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY (BlWld on 20 per cent Sample) . Number of houeehold8 by siu of land cultivated in acres Oode HOUBehold Total L688 H~- 2·5- 5·0- 7-5- 10·0- 12·5- 15·0- 30'0- 50+ Un. number of IndU8lry (lXvi, num- tkan 2'4 4·9 7-4: 9'9 12-4 IHI 29·9 4;9·9 Imej· 1.8.1.0. ai.m and Major bel" 1 fled Group only oj of1.8.I.0.) Boolt. holds (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (U) (12) (3) (14) ALL RUBAL A~AS AU Industries .. 51182 288 1,285 11265 881 865 450 122 472 115 34 5 Division- 0 Agriculture, live- 560 23 115 139 112 35 4:2 11 65 13 2 3 stock, forestry, fishing, and hunting M.G,oo Field Produce 60 3 30 18 7 2 Itnd Plantation Cl'OpS X.G. 04: Livestock and 500 20 85 121 105 35 40 11 65 IS 2 S Hunting DiviSion *2-3 Manufacturing .. ~,622 265 l,nO 1,126 719 330 408 III .07 10Z 32 % M.G. 20 Food Iltuff 717 59 266 222 98 34 22 3 8 4: 1 lrl.G. 23 Textile-Cotton 3,126 89 561 692 544 265 35~ 104: 387 94: 31 ALL URBA.N AREA.S All Industries .. 14 3 19 28 13 5 1 6 1 •• Division- 0 Agriculture, live· 25 5 10 2 3 2 &took, forestry, fiahing and hunting )f,G. 04 Livestock and 25 5 10 2 2 3 .. Hunting Division *2-3 M&nufactnring .. 59 3 14 18 11 2 6 I 3 1 .. M.G. 23 Textile-Cotton 18 6 5 3 1 2 I. 1 .. I, M.G 34-35 Non-Metallic 9 3 2 1 1 I •• ra ... Mineral Pro- ducts other than Petro. leum and Coal M.G. 36 Basic metals 11 6 4 •• ... and their pro. du.cts except machinery and tnmspori equip· ment ll, G.-Major Groap APPENDIX TO TABLE B XIII Rural- 2l(E.l); 22 (A-5, B.9, C·1, D-l, H·I and J.1); 24(A.} and B.1) ; 25 (C.3, G·t, H.2); 26 (A.l, B-4, 0-7, D-l and F.2); 27 (A-17, B-60, 0.48, D-22, E·IO, F-7, G.l, H-4 and 1·1); 28 , (A·44, B.76, 0.53, D.16, E·6, F·9, G·1, H-2 and 1·1); 3I(A.16, B~26, 0-16, D.2, E-2 and H.I}; 33 (0.1); 34-35 (A.26, B-78, C.58; D.18, E.7, F·3, and H-I); 36 (A-2, B.20, C·13, D.S, E·4, F.4, G·l and H.I); 37(I.l}; 38(B.8, 0·5, D·3 and F.2); 39(A.5, B.ll, C.7, D.6, E·I, F,.1 and 1-1). Urban- 20 (C.2, D.I and H-I) ; 27 (A.I, B.I, F.2andI.l); 28 (A-I, B-2 and C.2); 33 (B.l); 38 {D.l} ; 39 (A.I, B-1, C.1, D.I and F.1). 'The following abbreviations have been used ; Less than 1 acre=A 12·5-14·9 acreB=G 1·0-2·4 a.cres=B 15·0-29·9 aeros=H 2·1}-4:·9 acrea=C 30·0-49·9 acrea=I 5·0-7·4 acres=D 50+ 3CreII=J 7,5-9·9 acre3=E lJnspeoU&ed aore==~ 10,0-12·4 acre&:::aF B XIV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED ONLY IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS PART A-HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY MAJOR GROUPS OF PRINOIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY AND NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED PART B-HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY MINOR GROUPS OF PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY FLY LEAF This table presents households engaged only in household industry. It is prepared. in two parts. Part A shows the household classified by nature of principa1 houSehold industry and the number of persons engaged. The classification of the industry has been done with reference to the Indian Standard Industrial Classification and presented for Division and Major group. In Part B it is shown for each Minor group. The figures are presented for total/rural/urban for the district. As in Table B-XIIT, Major groups of households that have less than 10 per cent figures of the respective Division are not printed in the main table but presented 'in the form of an Appendix. The affected divisions are indicated by a mark of asterisk (*) in the main table. In the Appendix the number of the Major group (in figures) and in brackets the nu~ber of persons engaged (in abbreviation) and the number of households are given. The abbreviations are explained in the Appendix itself, A person enga.ged in household industry is regarded as a worker only if he has some regular work for more than an hour per day. The number of persons engaged are ,grouped as 1,2, 3-5, 6-10, more than 10 and unspecified as in Table B XII. For defini tion of household industry please see the preliminary note. !4g B XIV-SAMPLE. HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED ONLY IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRlNCIPAL'HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS PART A.-HoUSEHOLDS CLAsSIFIED BY MAJOR GROUl'S OF PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY AND NUMBER OF l'ERSONS ENGAGED (Based on 20 per cent Sample) HOWleholds engaged in Houaehold. Industry according to Total the number of per80ns engaged Code number nUmber Houaelwld I nduatry of Ont 2 3·5 6·10 More Un- o! (DiviBion aOO Major Group only Total hOWle· per"on per80ns perBon8 persons than 8peci. I.SJ.O. o/I.S.I.O.) Rural holds 10 fled Urban per80fIB (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) AlI1ndustries _ .. T 13,700 5,501 4,408 3,853 409 29 - - R 11,366 4,871 3,761 2,852 360 22 - U 2,334 1,130 647 501 49 7 Division- ·0 Agriculture, livestock, forestry, T 511 255 166 86 4, .. fishing and hunting R 452 212 153 83 4 U 59 4:3 13 3 •• ··M.G. 00 Field Produc6 and Planta.tion T 196 43 95 57 1 •• Crops - R 190 41 91 57 1 U 6 • 2 4. - - - }I,G. 04: Livestock and Hunting T 310 212 69 27 2 - R 258 171 60 25 2 - ., U 52 41 9 2 .. .. Divilion- • 2-3 Manufacturing •• T 13,189 5,246 4,242 3,267 ~6 29 - R 10,914 4,159 3,608 2,769 356 22 U 2,275 1,087 634 4~8 4:9 7 .. M.G. 23 Textile-Cotton ." ... T 7,284- 2,432 2,316 2,187 330 19 •• R 5,901 1,809 1,916 1,867 292 17 .. U 1,383 623 400 320 38 2 K.G.=MaJor Group. - 0-32 25., B XIV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED ONLY IN HfUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL :AREAS-(contd~. (Based on 20 per cent Sample) PART B-HoUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY MINOR GROUPS OF PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY Oode Household IndU8try Minor Group (De8oription) Number of H01(;8eholda ",umber of I.S.I.O. Tota! Rural Urban (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) All Industries .. 13,700 11,366 0081 Production of juice (Neera) by tapping coconut trees 51 51 0082 Production of juice by tapping other palms like uate, palmyra .. 142 139 3 0090 Production of other agricultural produce (including fruits and nuts not covered by 006 3 3 and flowers) not covered above 0231 Production of charcoal 1 9~00 Production of fish by fishing in sea .. 1 1 0310 Production of fish by fishing in inland waters and ponds including fish fanus and fish 3 3 hatcheris 0401 Rearing of goat for milk and animal power 126 113 13 0402 , Rearing of buffalos for milk and animal power 25 15 10 0(03 Rearing of cows for milk and animal power 32 18 14 0405 Production. and rearing of livestock mainly for milk and animal power not elsewhere 105 91 14 olassified 0411 Sheep breeding and rearing .. 1 1 04:21 • Rearing and production of pigs and goats (mainly for slaughter) 8 8 0431 o ;Poultry keeping and production of eggs 2 1 1 9132 • Jtearing aqq productiqn of ducks hens etc., and other small birds, e.g., pigeons, parrots, 4 4: peacock etc. OUI Bee keeping for production of honey and wax I 1 0442 • Collection of waX and honey .. I 1 0450 " 'Rearmg of tassarferifmulberry and other silk warms and production of cocoons and raw 4 4: silk. 0461 Dog breeding, rearing of rabbits and guinea-pigs •• I 1 2001 Production of flour by village chakkies or flo:ur mill by grinding wheat, maize, gram, etc. 7 5 2003 Production of rice by milling, dehusking, processing of paddy by rice mill 2 2 2006 Parching of grains 3 3 2007 Production and processing of other crops and foodgrains, n.e.c. •• 1 1 2021 Gur a.nd Khandsari making from sugarcane and palm 7 7 2022 Production of bhoora. and candy " 16 16 2028 Production of jaggery from coconut and palmyra juice (neera) 1,134 1,124 10 2024 Production of other indigenous products from sugar and jaggery, n.e.c. 12 12 2042 Fish currying or curing and salting (currying applies more to skin and hide) I 1 2050 Production of bread, biscuit, cake and other bakery products .. 12 7 5 2060. Production of butter, cream, ghee, cheese, chhllolla., khowa and other dairy products. 8 6 2 2070 Oil pressing ghani, kolhu or by small machines 76 64 12 i091 Confectionery .. 6 1 2092 Making of sweatmeats, laddu, peda, barphi, batasa, etc. 2 1 1 2093 Sattu, bhunja, papar, barri, danauri, tilauri. aowai, apalam, etc. 13 13 !094 Making of chum or chira, muri, murki, khoi 7 7 Making other food products for residuary snacks .. 2097 8 1 7 2098 Production of other food products like, cocoa, chocolate, toffee, lozenge 2 2 Production of mineral water .. 2141 2 I 1 2142 Production of aerated water, such as sodawater, lemonade, etc. 14 10 4 2150 Production of ioe 1 ," 1 2180 Grinding of ooffee 1 I 2200 Manufacture of bidi 74 49 25 2210 Manufacture of cigars and cheroots 6 3 3 Manufacture of snuff .. 2240 1 1 2250 Manufacture of jerda, kimam, h:haini and other chewing tobacco 2 2 2300 Cotton ginning, cleaning, carding, pressing and baling 2 2' 2310 Cotton spinning (by charkha. and takali) 1,531 1,312 ~19 Dyeing of cloth (cotton) and yarn .. 2331 18 11 7 251 B XIV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED ONLY IN HOUSBHC-LD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-.(oontd). (Based 20 per cent Sample) PUT B-HoUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY MINOl!. GROUPS OF PRINOIP..u, HOUSEHOLD lNDUSTRY-(cantd.} Oode Number of HQU8eholda number of Hou.selwld Industry Mirwr Group (Deacription) I.S.I.O. Total Rural Urban (2) (1) (3) (4) (5) 2332 Bleaching of cloth (cotton) and yarn ,...... 5 5 Cotton cloth weaving in powerlooms 2340 4: 3 1 2350 Cotto~ cloth weaving in handlooms 5,6M 4,488 1,146 2360· Manufacture of khadi textiles in handlooms 77 76 ,I Printing of cloth (cotton) 2370 4 4. Making of fishing net .. 2381 5 I 2392 Making of thread, rope, cordage and twine (cotton) 4 4, 242() Dyoing and ble~ching of jute 1 I 244;] Making of rope .,nd cordage, out of hemp .. ' I 1 2446 Making of other products f[,om jute and similar fibres s~ch as hemp, mests 9 9 2550 WeaviI).g woollen cloth in handlooms such as blankets, rugs, pashmina, etc. .. 29 29 2&41 Weaving of mashru, himroo, brocade, kinkhab by handloom 1 1 2642 Weaving of silk and artificial silk in handloom n.c.c. 96 90 2662 Making of silk cordage, rope and twine n.c.c. 2 2 2701 Making! durries 2 2 Making of carpets and druggets .. a102 209 19, I. 1703 Man:llfacture·of other similar tenile products~ n.e.c. 7 , 2711 Making of hosiery goods such as banyans, socks; swaters, mufflers, etc. 1 1 2721 Embroid~ry and making of phulkari 2 2 Traditional embroidery 2723 2 i Making of cap. hat, and other head·gear 2731 2 2 Traditional garments •. 2732 168 103 65 Chrochet work {bora caps) . . • ; " 2733 3 2 1 Making of textile garments including rain. coats and head·gears n.e.c. . . 2734 2 I 1 Weaving of khes, bed covers, curtains, pillow'cases, table cloth and cloth bags, etc ..• 2741 3 2 1 Manufacture of other made up textile goods "like mattress, quilt, , rezai, 'etc. D.e.C. .. 2743 4, 2 i 2771 Manufacture of coir.matting, . cactus fibre for rope and rope l'IIilking·· (rom coconut 88 84 fibre 4 2773 Coir spinning .. \ 17 14 3 Other allied products of coir industry n.e.c. 2775 1 I Manufacture and repair of umbrellas 2780 1 I Manufacture of other textile products not elsewhere 2793 classified 3 3 Sawing, planing and milling of wood 2800 5 5 2810 Manufacture of wooden furniture and fixtures •.. 5 2 2820 Manufacture of structural wooden goods (including treated timber) such as beams, 26 26 posts, doors, windows Carpentry works concerned with repairs of agricultural implements (wood) .. 2831 44, 43 1 2842 Manufacture of wooden utensils, artware and decorative wooden boxes (patras) 'I 1 1 2848 Manufaturs of photo frames and framing of photo paintings, etc. 1 1 Manufacture of other wooden products, n.s.c. 2849 I I 2850 Manufacture of match splinters, plywood and veneers .• .2 2 2870 Manufacture of boxes and pac~ing cases other than plywood .• 2 2 2882 Making of rope mats, etc., frolI! moonj .and sa~ai gr!lss and making of cadjar for thatch. 33 24 ing purposes 9 Making of mats, handfans, llinbrel18s frOID palm leaves ~883 153 108 45 2884 Making of sirki, moora and chhaj •• 8 5 3 Making of baskets and broomsticks •. 2885 364 227 , 137 :Making of donas (drone) and pattals (patravali) from leaves 2886 5 5 2888 Making of chicks, cuacus·tatti and fans, sticks and poles from bamboo 16 12 2889 Manufacture of other articles from leaf, cane, bamboo, cork and other allied products, 54 n.e.c, 50 2891 Making of sticks and poles from wood .. 6 .. 6 .. 2892 :Making of wooden kharaus and. other ·wooden sandals .. 2 : .. C-32A 252 B XIV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED OILY IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(contd). (Based on 20 per cent Sample) PART B-Hou'SEROLDS CLASSIJIED BY MINOR GROUPS OF PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD llmUSTlI.y-(otmtd.) Oods Number oj lwu8eholdtt numbero! Household Industry Minor Group (Description) I.S.I.O. Total Rural Urba~ (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) 2893 Making of artwheels .. • • • • .. 1 1 2894 ManufaQture of other wood and allied products not elsewhere classified .• 056 616 40 2910 Manufooture of pulp and paper by hand .. 1 1 2925 Making of card-board boxes and cards 1 1 2928 Manufacture of other paper products from paper, paper board and pulp n.e.c. 1 1 3022 Lithography, engraving, etching, block-making, type cutting, and other work connected 3 3 with painting industry 3030 Book.binding. stitching, sizing and other work connected with book-binding industry 1 1 3101 Flaying, processing of hides and skins, including taxidermy 5 5 3102 Currying, tanning and finishing of hides and skins preparation of finished leather 39 37 2 lIIII Making of leather boots, Sh08S or chap pals (slippers, sandals) .. 741 703 , 38 SlU Making of paola shoes 1 1 3113 Ma.nufacture of other footwear n.n.c. 8 & 3130 Manufacture of leather products such as leather upholstery suitca. Making of cement products n.e.c. • • ' 34,14: .. 3 2 1 3421 Manufacture of lishu .. 1 1 Manufacture of lime .. 3422 111 1M 6 3434 Manufacture of other structural stone goods, stone dressing and stone crushing n,e.c. 3 3 3440 Making of chakki, chakla, silaut, lotha, jainta. utensils and other articles from stone. 3 3 Manufacture of stone images and toys 3450 4 1 3 3500 Making of earthernware such as pottery. etc. 4:96 434 62 3561 Making of earthern toys and artwMe 1 1 Manufacture of arms and weapons and their repair service 3620 2 .2 3651 :Making of utensils of brass and bell·metal . , 126 64 62 3652 :Making of brassware .. 3 3 Making of brass and bell-metal ornaments .. 3654 1 1 Making of other brass and bell.metal products. n.e.c. . • 3655 4 3 1 Making of tin utensils 3671 7 2 5 3672 Ma.king of articles from tin sheets •• 2 2 Copper utensils 3673 .' 4 4 3681 La.cquerware (if on metal) 1 1 3682 Nickelplating and electroplating 2 2 3683 Engraving, embossing, polishing and welding of metal products 4: 4 Enamelling, and galvanizing of metal products •. 8684 21 15 6 8685 Plating and electroplating of metal n.e.o. inc. silverplating. goldpla.ting 1 J 3691 Ma.nufacture of agricultural implements such as ploughshare. khurpi. kudal, etc. ., 15 11 3692 Manufacture of light engineering goods including bolts and screws .. 4: 4, 3693 Making of ,iron utensils (e.g. ~ucke~, eto.) a.nd articles from iron !heeu -, 5 I 3694: M&king and repairing of looks and trunks •• .... • • , • 4. "4, 253 B XIV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENoiAGED ONLY IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(concld). (Based on 20 per cent Sample) PART B-HoUSEHOLDS CLA.SSIFIED BY 'MINOR GROuPS OF PRINCIPAL HOU8BHOLD lNDuSTRy-(eoncld.) Gode Number oj l>.om~ f1.umber oj H(J1.l8eiwld Industry Minor Group (Description) 1.8.1.0. Total Rural Urban (I) (2} (3) {5) 3~98 FoUndry Industry (including blacksmithy) 232 204 28 3699 Manufacture of other sundry hardwareB such as galTanized iron pipe, wire net, etc., 7 6 1 n~e.c. 373G Manufacture of sewing machine parts 1 1 3840 Repairing and servicing of automobiles 2 2 '3860 M$nufacture of boa.ts and barges .. 1 1 3880 Repair of cycle a.nd rickshaw 27 22 5 Sg90 MEtuufacture of anima.l drawn and ha.nd drawn vehicles such as bullock ca.rt, ta.mtam, 41 34: 7 etc. ' '3910 Manufacture ~f scientific goods I 1 3920 Repairing and servicing of watches and clocks 3 1 2 ~931 Inlay work with ivory and brass 1 1 S932 QQldsmithy .; 10 4: 6 Z933 Manufacture of jew(}llery, silverware and wares using gold and other precious metaJ. 352 195 157 and pucuris-stones 3940 Manufacture, repairing and tuning of musical instruments, such as harmonium, tabla, 2 sitar, etc. 3992 Making of beads from conch sheHs,and hom goods •• I 1 3993 Making of traditional objects such M Oris.ga, Mysora aud Thanjavur painting! etc, •• I 1 .. 1996 Making of gangavan (making of wig from human hair) .• .'. 7 3 3997 Making of garlands from flowers, camphor, sandal wood shavings, seeds and other 2 1 •1 materials, like beads etc. 1009 Making and repairing of goods n,e,o...... 10 1 " - APPENDIX TO TABLE B XIV PART A Total- 02(C.I); 03(B.2, C.l & D.l) ; 20(A.304, B.666, 0-322, D-24 & E-I); 21(A-3, B·6 & C-9); 22(A-34, B-28, 0-18, D-2 & E-I) ; 24(A-5, B-4 & 0.2);~ 25(A-20, B-6 & 0·3); 26(A-16, B-29, 0-46 & D-7); 27(A.266, B-147, 0-93, D·5 & E-4); 28(A-627, B-405, 0-239, D·12 & E-2) ; 29(A.I, B·I & C-I); 30(A.2, C·I & E.I); 31(A·762, B·138, C·47 & D.2); 33(A.I9, B-4, C-4 & D.3); 34-35 (A.257, B.248, C-144 & D-7); 36 (A.227, B.129, C·82 & D-7 ); 37 (B·l); 38 (A!4I, B.20, C·9 & D.I) ; 39(A-230, B-94, C-60, D-5 & E-l). Rural- 03(B.2, C·l & D.l}.; 20(A.276, B.649, C·311 & D.24); 21(A·3, B.4 & C.5); 22(A-18, B·22, C.ll, D-2 & E-I); 24(A-5, B·4 & C·2); 25 (A-20, B·6 & C.3) ; 26(A.I5, B.27, C·44 & D.7) ; 27 (A-199, B.130, C.82, D·5 & E-3); 28(A-533, B.320, C.175, D-9 & E·I); 29 (B-1); 31 (A-726, B .. 133, 0·43 & D-2); 33(A·9, B.2 & D-2); 34-35 (A.219, B-225, 0-127 & D-7) ; 36{A-169, B-98, C-59, &D·4), 38(A-31, B.17, C·7 & D.I); 39(A-127, B·54, C·33 & D.1). Urban- 02(0.1); 20(A.28, B-17, 0·11 & E.l); 21(B.2 & 0.4); 22(A.16, B·6 & C.7); 26(A.l; B·2 & 0.2); 27(A.67, B.17, 0·11 & E·1 }; 28(A·94, B.85, 0·64, D·3 & E-I); 29(A.1 & C.l); 30{A·2, C·1 & E.I); 31(A:36, B·5 & 0.4); 33(A-IO, B.2, 0-4 & D.l); 34 & 35(A-38, rB.23 & 0.17); 36(A·58, B.31, 0·23 & D.3); 37(B.I); 38(A-IO, B·3 & C.2) ; 39(A.I03, B-40, 0.27, D.4 & E-I}. The following abbreviations have .been used:- 1 Person _ _ _ A 6-10 person. _ •.• ... D 2 Persons , ... B More than 10 persons .• ... E 3-5 persons .. .. o Persons not stated • • F B XV.-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY FLYLEAF This table presents households engaged both in cultivation and household industry similar to that of Table B XIII. Table B XIII gives a ,cross tabulation between the size of the holding and the nature of household industry in which the household is engaged as subsidiary to cultivation. In this table the data are further analysed and give:re by a cross tabulation of the size of the holding with reference to the persons working in these households. This table is presented for rural and urban areas separately. The figures are presented for rural areas of the district and taluks. For urban they are ~hown ·only for the district. The size of holdings is the same as adopted in Table B XI, B XII and B XIIt In columns 6 to 28 of this Table cultivating households engaged in household industry are tabulated against the number of persons working in the households.. The number of persons are grouped as 1, 2, 3·5, 6-10, more than 10 and unspecified as adopted in Tables B XII and B XIV. In cases where more than one person are employed for each group the Dllmber of family workers with sex break up and hired workers are ~hown. Columns 6-28 are consolidated and shown in columns 2 to 5· Similar data in respect of households engaged in cultivation only are presented in Table B XII. 256 B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oul#vating hoU8e~ IJ1Igaged in Total oj CUltivating h~1wlds which are a180 engaged in MU8eholJ household indU8try Bize o/Iand industry ).._, tJUltivateJ I Per8Q_n "'"'J; (In acres) Family Worker.! I ~A.. "'t. l1QU8ehri&ds Hired worker" HOU86holrk : Fam-ily workers Male8 Fema'le8 _A...._, ,. MaZes Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) (7) (8) ALL RURA.L ABEAS AU sizes .. 0,189 9,045 6,991 3,223 321 270 51 288 4:45 284 19 Lose than 1 .. 47 42 5 1,235 1,926 1,4:29 446 1·0-2·4 124 106 18 1,265 2,118 1,561 381 2'5-409 90 77 IS' 831 1,499 1,189 451 0·0-704 25 20 I> 7-5-9·9· 365 653 532 301 13 9 4 450 858 724 251 10·0--12·' 11 8 3' 12·5--1£·9 122 241 185 222 4 2 2' 15·0-29,9 4:72 977 829 760 5 4: 1 30·Q-.49·9 115 246 200 297 1 1 60 + 34 75 as 93 o. 0'· Unapeomed S 7 6 2 1 1· I, Bli!VA:NI 'l'4LUlI: AD size. .. .. 820 690 348 130 84 84 (.2 70 LeSil than 1 31 8 8 ,4, 124 215 1·(}-2 t. 121 27 18 18 ·. 2·5-4·9 .. 93 167 97 51 7 7 500-7-4: ... 35 71 47 10 1 1 ". 7'0-9·9 9 19 13 19 10.0--12·4 10 33 21 6 If- 12·4-14·9 1 3 3 15·0-29·9 I. 5 11 9 17 30·0--49·9 I 1 1 50 + .. • • Unspecified It ·. 2' GOl'JOD'E7'l'Il'At":rA.M TAtUK AD sizes 888 1J523 1,036 " 569 85 75 10' LtlSB the.n 1 50 77 46 7 9 7 2 1·0-2-4: 259 369 269 124 33 30 277 3 2·5--4·9 458 826 48 30 26 13S 262 5·0-704 179 55 5 () " 705-9·1) 49 86 72 32 :1 . 2 1 66 l!0 lO·O--lH 78 64: 2 2 l:to 30 12·5--14:·9 16 38 1 1 .. 15·0-29·9 32 21 39 115 1 1 10 SO·~9·9 10 26 7 69 .0 II 60 + .' .. 3 13 4 17 1 " UDipeciftod 1 1 1 - 257 B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAID IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(ttmtd), . (B88fld on 20 por cent Samplo). Oultivating ~ehold8 engagw in ~hold indtl8try Size o/land 2 Persons 3-5 Per80118 cultivated (In acres) Family workers Family worker!! H0U8eholdl Hired workm Homeholdll Hired Male8 FtnUJ.le8 Malee Fwwl88 worke" (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (lS) ALL RDll.A.L WAs-(contd.) All sizes .. 1,456 1,676 1,220 16 2,903 5,695 4,586 W Less than 1 llS 141 95 114 230 163 L6 " 1·0-2-4, 4:74 538 409 1 565 1099 SS9 S8 2·5-4·9 394 466 316 6 '716 1402 1095 94 5,0-';.4 189 215 160 3 536 1098 846 66 7·5--9·9 80 97 62 1 227 '37 S62 38 10'0-12-4 102 111 91 2 272 546 ~6 29 12-5-14·9 21 25 17 ... 83 172 137 12 15·0-29·9 63 67 57 2 302 612 ~O7 72 30·H9·9 11 12 9 1 70 138 1Z0 18 60+ .. 2 2 2 16 27 1.7 9 Unspooifiad .2 2 2: 2 4- 4: S 1, BUVANI TALUx-(eonld.) . All sizes .. 90 126 53 1 164 336 224 33 Lass than 1 16 24, 8 17 34 21 ... 1·Q-2·4 38 51 25 u 61 125 83 13 205-4·9 27 39 14, 1 51 102 73 13 I) 5of}-H 4, 2 26 54 37 4, 7-5-9·9 ~ 4 ., - 4: 9 4 10·0-1204 1 2 4: 11 2 3 12-5-14,9 ... ,ro 15·0-29'9 1 1 1 - 1 1 , ... 30·0--4:9·9 1 1 1 .,. ·. 50 + .. ." ... - ·. Unspecified ... .,. .. - - 2. QOPIORl!iTTIPALATAM T,UUK-(contd.) All sizes .. 296 353 234 6 441 905 - 652 78 Less than 1 23 29 17 15 31 20 4, 1·0-2-4: 121 135 107 93 176 135 It 2'5-4:'9 - 87 101 71 -2 148 296 223 23 5·0---7·4 35 4.3 26 1 92 194 141 12 ·7·5-9·9 11 17 4 1 30 56 53 10 lQ'O-I204 11 14 S 35 80 51 12·5-1409 2 4: 8 2() 10 "3 15·0-29·9 4, 6 1 1 16 4:1 17 7 30-0-49'9 2 3 1 3 10 1 1 50+ .. 1 2 1 I UDipeoified .. .. •• 0-33 258 B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF ~AND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating hfJU86hold8 engaged in h(iU$ehold industry Sino/land 6 to 10 Persons More than 10 Persons Unspecified culrivatecl (In acres) Home. Family workers Hir~d H()U86. Family workers Hired Family workers hold~ WOf'kerB holdll WO'l'kerB House. ,~ Hired Males Femalea Male8 Female8 holds' MaleB Female8 work· e" l (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (S7) (28) ALL RURAL AREAs-(coneld.) A.1l sizes .. 397 1,180 950 546 105 224 184 2,217 Leasthtm 1 9 32 21 3 ... 1·0-2-4 63 In 135 114 -9 12 8 243 2-5--4·9 48 139 99 91 17 34 28 190 6-0-7·4 64 195 154 78 17 41 24 304 705-9·9 35 88 88 64 10 22 16 198 10·0-12·4 53 168 136 55 12 25 28 165 12·5-14·9 11 37 21 10 3 5 8 200 ," 15·0--29·9 79 250 214 69 23 44 50 617 30·0---49·9 24 72 58 38 9 23 13 240 .. 50 + 11 28 2' 24 5 18 9 60 Unspecified - ...... 1. BHAVA.NI TALux-(eonela.) All sizes .. 27 81 50 51 5 13 16 45 Less than 1 1 4: 2 102-204 7 21 13 14 2·1)-4,9 7 17 9 ~5 1 2 1 1.2 1).0-7-4 4: 10 8 6 7-5-9·9 1 2 4 2 4: 5 19 10·0-1204 4 16. 10 3 1 6 7 12·5-14-9 }" 3 3 15·0-29·9 2 8 I 3 I 1 3 14 30·0-49·9 .,,' 50 + ,. .. UnlIpecified 2. GOPI(1HETTIPALAYAlli TALUK-(conold.) All sizes .. 48 145 113 64 18 46 27 421 Less than 1 3 10 7 3 1·Q---.2·4 8 24 20 7 4: I) 4: 105 2·5--4·9 11 34 28 11 1 I 12 14 10 3 5·0-704 4 2 6 2 39 ._ 7-5-9·9 4: 7 13 7 1 4: 1 14 .. 10·0-12·4, 7 22 17 10 1 2 2 50 ... I 4: 2 1 1 4: 35 12·5-14·9 " 15·0-29·9 8 26 15 11 3 7 6 96 - 30·0-49·9 2 4: 1 12 3 9 5 55 50+ .. I" 2 11 3 15 Unspecified .:. 259 B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGE!)' BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY , CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND'IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating Mmehold8 engaged in Total of oullivating Muaehold8 tOhieh are al80 tngaged in homehokl household irtdwstry Size of land indU8try cultivatw 1 Per80n (In acre.!') Family worker8 H0U8eholds Hired workers Family wariers Male.!' Femalu ___-_J.. __ -., Male8 Femakl (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 3. ERODE TALUK AU sizes .. 992 1,782 1,800 453 49 46 S Less than 1 98 150 108 10 14 1~. 1 1·0-204 356 600 437 97 IS 11 1 205-4·9 286 517 363 116 14- 13 1 5·0-7-4: 137 264 197 85 :8 2 7-5-9'9 44 ~3 64 57 .. 10·0-12<4 37 80 70 18 -: I 12·5-14·9 3 8 4 15 15·0-29·9 27 63 48 I~. ~, 1 30·0-49'9 2 4: 5 40 " 50 + .. 1 2 3 2 Unspecified 1 1 1 4. DHARAPURAM TALUK All sizes .. 1,62% 2,632 2,371 275 58 43 15 Less than 1 50 78 57 2 6 6 1·0-2-4 194 295 269 17 17 Ii ~ 2·5-4·9 265 430 359 27 12 10 2 5·0-704 232 388 356 42 5 3 2 7-5-9,9 142 233 210 24 8 6 2 10,0-12-4: 205 362 336 34- 5 4 1 12·5-14·9 71 129 115 8 2 1. 1 15,0-29·9 267 523 487 46 .2 i 1 30·0-49'~ 74 153 139 41 1 1 50 + 22 41 43 34- Unspecified O. PULADAM 1'!.LUK All sizes .. 686 1,137 995 1,163 31 1S 15 Less than 1 22 34 23 2 1 1 1·0-2·4 -17 174 135 79 9 '5 4: 2-5-4-9 36 199 170 58 10 '~ 4. 5·0-H 22 193 192 48 4: '2 2 7-5-9·9 61 lOS 89 130 .2 '1 1 10·0-1N: 89 156 142 59 3 '1 J 12·5-14·9 24 49 29 155 1 1 15·0-29·9 84 166 157 458 30·0--4:9·9 22 41 42 134 .. .. , " .. " ., . 50+ 7 13 12. . 40 •• UDipecifi&d 2 4 4: " 2 ... C-33A ~ti() B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Bued on 20 par ctnt Sample) Cultivating hau8eMlds engaged in household indmtry 8iz~ oJ land vulti1Jated 2 PerlJonB 3-5 Persona (In acres) Family worker, Family worlcera Household, ,------"---""\ Hired worker, Ilouseholdl Hired Males Females Males Femalea workerl 10) (ll) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 3. ERODE TALUX-(contd.} All sizes •• 292 338 244 559 1,154 849 63 Less than 1 38 4:3 33 44 88 68 10 l'O-H, - 136 151 121 176 367 260 :1 2-1-4,9 76 94 57 1 176 361 26' 15 5'0-7·4: 27 33 20 1 8t 175 135 5 7·5-9·9 8 10 6 27 6~ 41 1 10·0-12·' 5" 5 5 27 57 51 3 12·5-14·9 .. 2 I) 2· 15·0-29,9 , l' 1 1 11 37 25 30·0-49·9 ...... 1 1 3 .. 00 + .. •• '.' ,,' .. . UupeoW 1 I 1 "' .0' 4. D:EA.7UPUlUlI: TALUX-(contd.) All5IJillS •• 378 392 1 953 1,806 1,634 103 22 41 Less than 1 19 19 19 32 ~ loO-H, 71 73 69 98 188 169 14: 2·5-4·9 82 86 78 162 305 259 17 5·0-704· 60 60 60 151 278 251 8 7-5-9'9 32 34 30 93 172 153 7 10·0-1204 50 55 -4:4 I 130 .241 239 10 12·5-14·9 14 14 14 50 97 90 4 1"0-29·9 42 43 4:1 187 369 336 27 31)00-49,9 6 6 6 50 96 89 11 50 + 2 2 ! 10 18 16 3 Unspecified 5. PALLADAll TALUX-(COnttl.) All sizes •• 194 213 173 2 368 668 613 87 _. Less than 1 11 14 8 9 19 14 1·0-2-4 ... 48 54: 42 53 97 83 8 2·5--4·9 54 62 4,5 1 64 115 107 13 5·0-704 26 26 26 'S3 138 146 15 - 15 17 13 33 59 705-9·9 56 8 - 25 25 45 10·0-12·4 ... 25 90 78 6 12·5--14'9 4, 5 3 16 33 20 '5 - 9 8 I) 1 46 85 74 15·0-29·9 - 20 30.1}-49·9 2 2 2 - 12 21 21 6 50t -...... • 5 7 10 4 ... - 2 4 4 Unspecified - - 2 / , 261 :B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED, BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND 1N RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(osntd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating hOWJeholds tngaged in hOU8ehold iniJ,u8try , Siu of land 6-10 Persons More than 10 perSOn8 Un&per;ified euUivaled (In acres) Ho'usc Family workers Hired House· Family worker8 Hired Hom~- Familyworkerl Hired holds workers holds ~ tIlO1'kerl holds,---A--., workm Males Females Male3 Female3 Male3 Females (17) (18) (19) , (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) 3. ERODE TALUK-(concld.) All sizes .. 71 196 166 119 21 48 38 269 .. .. Less than 1 2 6 6 ... 1·0.--.2·4 24 62 52 45 2 3 3 25 2·5--4·9 12 29 25 34 8 .20 16 66 ... fH)·"':H 15 45 35 21 4: 9 7 58 705-9·9 6 14, 13 II 3 7 4 45 10·0-12-4 4: 17 13 1 1 1 10 12·5-14·9 1 2 .2 15 15·0-29·9 I. 7 21 19 6 1 3 3 10 30·0-49·9 I 3 2 40 50+ 1 2 3 2 Unspecified 4. DHARAPURAJ[ TALUK-(concld.) All sizes .. 128 382 350 118 5 10 9 53 Less than 1 3 12 6 1·0-2-4 8 23 25 3 2·5-4·9, 9 29 20 10 5·0-7-4, 15 45 42 14 1 2 1 20 7·5-9·9 9 21 25 17 ... 10·0-12·4 19 60 50 15 1 2 2 8 12·5-14·9 5 17 10 4, 15·0-29·9 36 110 109 19 30·0--49'9 16 48 43 20 1 2 1 10 50+ 8 17 20 16 2 4 5 15 Unspecified 'oO 5. PALLADAX TALUK"-(coneld.) All sizes .~. 62 180 139 104: 31 60 55 970 Less than 1 1·0-2-4 , . 6 Hi 6 21 2 50 •• 2'5-4'9 5 13 11 9 3 3 3 35 .. .~. • • 5'O-N 6 17 13 8 3 10 5 25 ...... 7·5-9·9 8 26 15 17 3 5 4 105 .~ 10·0-12,4 12 33 31 13 4 1 6 40 .. - 12·5-14·9 2 9 3 1 2 2 150 ... - 15·0-29·9 17 49 45 24 .12 24 29 413 - - 14 - 30·0--49'9 5 14 6 3 4 5 122 ." ... 50t 1 3 1 6 1 3 1 30 ." u ,'Unspecified •• ... •• 262 V-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUST RY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Ba.sed on 20 per cent Sample) Cultivating hqu,81J1w1ds engaged in Total of cultivating households which are also engaged in household household industry Size of land industry .---~--~------,~, cultivated 1 PerlJon Family workers (in acre,) ~ Households Hired W(fflcer8 Households Family wQrkerll Females r-"----. MaiM Femalu (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 6. AVANASBI TALUX All sizes,.. 0> .. 528 935 714 296 35 27 8 Less than 1 , , •• 14 20 12 4 3 1 1·0-2'4: 127 178 149 28 18 14: 4: I 2·5-4·9 141 238 177 58 9 1 t 5·0-704 124 244 184 67 3 2 1 7·5--9·9 44 83 67 20 10·0-1204 :n '63 53 54 12·5-14·9 8 19 14 6 15·0--29·9 35 81 52 63 1 1 30·0-49·9 3 8 5 50+ ... '. UDipllCified 1 1 1 '0 7. ColMBATORE TALll'X All sizes .. 90 161 85 50 8 8 .. ' Less than 1 2 2 1 1 1 24 17 1·0-2·4 30 53 3 3 ., 2·5-4·9 28 49 26 5 2 2 .. 5·0-7-4 17 3() 19 17 2 2 " 7-5-9·9 4: 8 5 4: 10-0-12-4 4 9 3 4: ·. ·, 12·5-14·9 1 2 .. 15·0-29·9 4 S 7 3 ,30·0-49·9 ·'" •• SOt •• ... .11D1peoiBed .,.0 III - 8. POLLACHI TALUX 47 92 44 3 10 All sizes '" 10 .. Less than 1 2 . 3 1 I 1·0-2:4 .w 8 9 12 3 3 2-5-H 14 25 9 3 ,3 9 2 ,0·0-7:* ~ ~ .~. 19 2 2 ,7·5-9.. 9 ... 2 5 1 6 11 5 10·0-,1.204 , . "" 1 1 .12·5-14'9 . - .: .. It 15 16·0-29·9 ~ l .1. 6 20 2 30·~·9 ) ...... 0,' 50+ .. ~ 1 .., _,., UospeciIJ.ed .. - 2.6~ 'B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH' IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(oontd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating 'hoUsehold., engaged in household induslry Size of land cultivated 2 Persons 3-5 Per80118 (In acres) Family workers Family workers HQU8eholds Hired workers Household8 Hired MaIM Females Malell l!'emale8 workers (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 6. AVANASHI TALUK-(eonttl.) All sizes .. 132 151 ' 109 4 307 604 «4 54 Less than 1 6 6" ' 6 4: 11.< Ii 1·0-204 . 44 49 38 1 59 99 96 10 2·5-4·9 44 61 36 1 82 159 126 7 5·0-704 23 28 17 1 78 152 121 15 7-5-9·9 S 10 6 30 57 45 10 10·0.....,...1204 3 3 2 1 22 48 33 3 IH-l4-9 6 15 II 15·0-29·9 3 3 3 28- 55 32 9 30·0--49·9 3 8 .. 5 50+ Unspecified 1 1 1 7. COUr[BATORE TALUK-(contd.) .All sizes .. 32 48 16 .. 39 76 51 7 Less tha.n 1 1 1 1 J.()--2-4 12 20 .. 12 24 J,6 2·5-4:·9 9 13.. 5 16 31 20 3 5·0-7·4 5 6 4 1 14: .8 .2 '705-9·9 1 2 .2 4 ,3 % 10·0-1204 .. 2 3 1 .... ~I 2 .! •• ' 12·1}..-14·9 .... ~. 1 ." .. 1 .2 :I 15·0-29·9 '.' 1 1 "4 ~ '30-0-49·9 ~. .... 50+ .... ~~ ~ Unspeci£ed ... .. 8. POLLACHI TALUX-(COntd.) 21 All sizes .. 12 18 6 49 M Less than 1 1 2" .~ 1 1 3 3 1·0-2·4, 1 .. 1 5 .2 6 14 2·5-4·9 8" 1 5, . 4: 12 5. (}-7·4 ._ 3 1 '1 1 1 4: ' , 7'5-9·9 1 1" .. .. 1 L. I .. g , 10·0-12-4: ... .. 12·6-14-9 ... .. 3 7 15·0-29·9 II " 30·1}--49-9 •• 50+ .'. - •• Unspecified •• 264: B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd,) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating households engaged in houllehoid induBtry Si~e oj land More than 10 person8 U'Mpecified cultivated (in acres) House Family workers Hired House Family worker8 Hired·· HOll8€. Family worker8 holds workers holds r------A--. workers holds ,.....-.A---.. MaiM Females Males FemalM Males Female8 Hired workers' (17) (18) (I9) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) 6. AVANASHI TALuK-(condd.) AU sizes •.• 41 126 95 62 1S 27 28· 176 Less than 1 ... 1-0-2·4: -5 16 11 17- 2'5-409 3 14: 5 3 7 8 50 /),0-704: 17 53 38 26 3 9 7 25 7-5--9·9 6 16 16 10 10,0-12'4 3 7 11 3 3 5 7 47 12·5-14-9 2 4: 3 6 15·0-29·9 4: 16 11 6 6 54 ....- 30'0-4:9·9 60+ •• .. ' DO ... Unapeoi.fied .. - ... 7. COIKBA.TORE TALUK-{concld.) An sIzes •• ,. 9 27 16 15 28 - ,. Less than 1 1·0-2·4 2 5 3 1 1 1 13 -- " 2·5-4·9 1 3 I - - .. 5·0-704 2 7 ~ -1 -1 1 15 - , . 7-5-9·9 I 2 2 -2 - 10·0-12-4: .. 2 6 2 4 .. 12·5--14·9 - - .. - - - .,. .. - , . 15·0-29·9 1 2 3 ." ..• 30·0-4:9·9 ...... - - .•. 50+ _ - - .. .. .,' .,. .... Unapeci8.ed - - - - -, - - - ... .. - .. .. on .. ... - 8. POLLAcm ULuK-(concld.) All sizes _ - 4 15 14 2 - Less th!l1l 1 ,., ... '''- 1-0-,,-2,4 - - - -1 2 4 - .. .. 2·5-4,·9 .. - - 5·0-7-4: .. - - - - ". 7-5--9·9 - - - - - 10,0-1204 - - - - 12'5-1409 - - ...... 15·0-29·9 3 13 10 -2 -.. - ... 30·0-49·9 - - ,.. 50+ - - - - - UDlptCUied - .. - - - - - .. ... 1M SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGlD BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OFtAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-(contd.) (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Oultivating hO'lJ,seho'ds engaged in. Total of cultivating households which are atllo engaged in household h0U8ello1d iniue'r1J Size of land indtt'Jtry --A.._ , cultiva'ed 1 Per80n (in aeree) Family workers Household8 Hired workers Households Males Femalu Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ~. UDUllALPE'.I: ULUK All sizes .. 109 193 103 285 11 11 •• Less the.n 1 g 11 6 :l 2 1·0-2-4, 20 33 13 57 5 5 2·5-4'9 25 35 24 18 3 3 ·. 17 5·0-7-4: ." 28 13 127 1 1 7·5-9·9 10 18 11 15 .. lO'O--c-1H 12 24- 16 17 12·5-14·9 I I 4: .. 15·0-2~·9 12 24 15 38. .". 3Q.()-49·9 3 13 1 13 50* 1 6 Ungpecifiad ... .,. \ .. ALL URBAN .a.runA.S All sizes .. 84 138 63 165 10 10 ·. ~eS8than 1 3 5 1 I I 1·0-2" 1~ 30 16 21 2 2 • I 2-5-4·9 . 28 '3 17 18 5 5 .. 5·0-'" 13 !2 12 2S 2 2 'i'5-9·9 5 8 6 9. 10·0-12·4 S 14: 4: 16 '1 I2~5-1409 1 I I 1 .. .. " 15·0-29·9 6 13 I) 77 . 1 % -- - 30'0-49'9 I ... II 50+ ".' ' •• tfl1Bpecifitd - " I. ... C'r-34 266 B XV -SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAtlD IN RURAL AND URBA.N Aluas SEPARATELY -(conta.) (Based on 20 per cent Sampls) Oultivating hOt/8eholds engaged in houllehold inliUlltry Size oj 'and cUltitJated 2 PIl'f8onB 3~5 Pe'l'80m (in acre) Family workers Family workers Household8 Hired workers Ho'Useholcls Hired Males Ferna'lM Males Female8 worker" (9) (lO) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 9. UDUM.ALl'ET TALUK-(contd.} All slzes .. 30 3S 22 51 98 65 19 Less than! 3 3 3 3 6 3 1·0.-204 3 4: 2 10 21 10 4: 2·5-4·9 10 12 S 11 19 16 3 5·0--704 6 8 4: 6 11 6 Ii 7-5-9'9 2 2 2 7 14 7 10·0-12·' , 5 3 Ii 10 S 12·5-14·9 1 1 4 15'0-29'9 .2 4: 7 14 10 7 30·0-49·9 1 2 1 50+ Unspecified ... ALL URBAN ABUS-{contd). All sizes .. 23 80 13 3 39 83 35 17 Less than 1 1 1 1 1 3 ... 1·0-2-4 6 7 5 ... 9 18 10 : 2·5-4·9 10 14, S 1 11 24 9 6 5·0-7·4 S 16 9 2 7-5-9'9 2 2: 2 -.. 2 3 2 1 10·0-1-2·' 4 6 2 3 8 3 .2 12·5-14·9 1 1 1 1 15·0-29·9 3 8 3 30·0-49·9 .. to .. ro 1 2 -1 .. 60+ t' . t-• ... .. •• . - - .. U~ •• .. t' ... - .. ... 267 B XV-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED 'BOTH IN CULTIVATION AND HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY. SIZE OF LAND IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS SEPARATELY-{oonrJd,) (B38ed on ~o per cent Sample) Oultivating householdB engaged in hoU8ehcrd indU8try Sizeo/land &-10 Persorut More than 10 perso'118 Utl.8pecified '"'" culti'IJaJed (in acru) H0U8e, Family workers Hired Ho~e· Family'Worker8 . Hired Howe· Family worker8 holds workers hords workers holds r---'--. Males Femaka Ma"le8 Females Males Female.t1 Himl workerB (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) 9. UDUlfALl'ET uLux-(concld.) All sizes .. 7 Z8 7 11 "10 18 9 255 Less than 1 1-0-2>4 1 2 1 3 1 1 50 2-{)-4-9 ., 1 I 15 5·0-704 1 4: 2 3 4, 1 122 7·5-9·9 1 2 2 15 10·0-1204 2 7 2 7 1 2 3 10 12·5-14-9 15·~29·9 1 3 2 1 2 3 3 30 30'0-49'9 1 6 1 5 13 ,., 50t 1 6 Unspeci6.00. ALL URBAN ABEAs-{COMld.} All sizes .. 4 2 1$ 22 8 13 9 123 Less than 1 ,. .. 1·0-2·4: .f 2 3 1 19 2·5-4,·9 2 .. 3 11 5'0-7-4 2 2 3 11 1 2 10 7·5-9'9 I 3 2 8 10·0-12·4: 1 1 12 of 12·5-14,9 •• 15'~2909 .. 00 o' 3 5 5 74 .. 30'0-49'9 .. • 0 •• 50t .. .. -.. M UnapeoiPed .. •• ., •• ... C-3U B XVI-SAMPLE 'PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY. CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AND TOTAL NUMBER OF' WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS FLY-LEAF This tlble presents households engaged in household industry only or both in house hold industry and cultivation. It presents data of the principal household industry of these households classified by the period of working and total number of workers. The data are presented by rural and urban brea.k up with total for the district. Data on households engaged in household industry with cultivation and without cultivation are shown separately. These legends are shown by abbreviations "a" and "b" respectively in column '13" and they are explained in full at the foot of the table. Principal household industries are classified and presented for Divisions and Major groups under the Indian Standard Industrial Classification. For the detailed description of these codes Appendix V to the preliminary note in Part III Volume may be seen. Major group of household industry 'that have less than 10 per cent figures of the respective divisions ,are not printed in the main table but are shown separately i)1 the Appendix as in Tables B-XIII and B-XIV. They are indicated in the main table by the mark of an asterisk(*) against the particular division. In the Appendix the number or major group (in figures) in brackets, the abbreviations for the period of working with or without cultivation and the number of households are given. The abbrevia.tions are explained in this Appendix itself. Columns (8) to (27) divide industries with reference to period of working and number of workers. Period or working is grouped as 1-3 months, 4-6 [months, 7-9 IDQnths, 10 months to one year and month. not stated. Under each group number of households, number or family workers with sex break-up and hired workers are 8hown. It if!! further consolidated and shown in columns (4) to (7). The fly-leaf to Table B-XIV win provide the definition for" worker" in h:>usehold industry. 269 B XVI-SAMPLE PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD /INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AND TOTAL\NUMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS (Based on 20 per cent Sample) Total 1 to 3 months Household Indu.9t'f1j Total, (Division and Major R1tral arul House- Family workers Hired H0U8e Family worker8 Hired group only) Url/Qn holds wr:Jrkers holds workerB Males Females Males~ Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (II) All Industries Total 18,96~ 26.245 18,394 4,593 112 ., 229 175 142 (a) 5,266 9,183 7,054 3,388 100 154 130 137 (b) 13,700 17,062 11,340 1,205 72 75 45 5 Rural \ 16,548 23,277 16,917 4,039 165 224 170 127 (a) 5,182 9,045 6,991 3,223 97 151 128 122 (b) Il,S66 14,232 9,926 816 68 73 42 5 Urban 2,418 2,968 1,477 554 7 5 5 15 (a) 84, 138 63 165 3 3 2 15 (0) 2,334 2,830 1,414 389 4 2 3 Division *0 Agriculture, livestock, Total 1,096 1,640 1,069 792 13 21 12 2 forestry. fiBhing and hunting (a) 585 1,089 712 773 7 13 7 (b) 511 551 357 19 6 8 5 Rural 1,012 1,556 1,008 690 13 21 12 2 (a) 560 1,04:5 686 1i75 7 13 7 2 (b) , 452 511 322 15 6 8 5 Urban" 84 84 61 102 ... (a) 25 44 26. 98 .. (b) 59 !O 35 4 If:.G. 00 Field produce and Plan- Total 256 375 247 2 12 19 11 2 tatian Crops (0) ,. 60 97 72 2 6 11 6 .2 (b) ., 196 278 175 6 8 5 Rural -, 250 371 241 2 12 19 11 2 (a) " 60 97 72 2 6 11 6 2 (b) .- 190 274 169 6 8 5 Urban 6 6 (a) •• " ...... u .. (0) 6 4 6 M.G. M Livestock and Hunting •• Total 835 1,251 821 787 2 1 .. (a) 525 992 640 771 2 1 (b) 310 259 lSI 16 - •• RuraJ 758 1,172 766 688 1 2 1 (a) 500 - 948 614 673 1 2 1 .. (0) 258 224 152 15 - .'" .,. Urban' 77 79 55 91J •• la} 25 ~~ 26 98 ,. ... (6) 62 35 29 ! .. 270 B XVI-SAMPLE PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AND TOTAL NUMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(contd.) (Based on 20 per oent Sample.) 4 to 6 months 7 to 9 months Oode HOWJehold Industry Tom' number (DiWBion and Major Rural and H0U8e- Family worker8 Hired Home- Family wwker8 Hired group only) Urban holds workers !wlds workers' Males Femalea Males Females (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) All Industries Total 2,114 2,908 2,286 586 1,216 1,407 (a) 1,060 1,778 1,401 575 595 875 (~) 1,054 1,130 885 11 681 . 532 Rural 2,06~ 2,878 2,238 577 1,207 1,611 1,347 265. (a) 1,053 1,772 1,396 567 591 1,021 870 249' (b) 1,009 1,106 842 10 616 590 477 16 Urban 52 30 48 9 69 49 60 40 (a) 7 6 5 8 4: 4. 5 35 (b) 45 24 43 1 65 45 55 I) Division *0 Agriculture, livestock, Total 174 218 167 26 69 104 65 40 forestry, fishing and hunting. (a) 79 149 76 26 36 69 38 (b) 95 124 91 33 85 27 Rural 167 271 158 26 62 99 58 4: (a) 78 148 75 26 32 65 33 4: (b) 89 123 83 30 34: 25 Urban 7 2 9 ... 7 5 7 36- (a) 1 1 1 4 4: 5 '35 (b) 6 1 8 3 1 2 _ 1 M.G. 00 Field Produce and Plan- Total 122 176 127 25 36 23 tation Crops - (a) 35 56 43 - 3 5 4: (b) 87 120 84. - 22 31 19 , .. Rural 119 176 122 ... 25 36 23 (a) 35 56 43 - 3 5 4 (b) 84: 120 70 - 22 31 19 Urban 3 " 5 .t. .'. (a) .. .. •. 0 (b) - 3 5 - OM - - "0 ... - M.G. 04 Livestock and HuntiDi ... Total 52 97 40 26 44 68 42 4() (a) 44 93 33 26 33 64 34 39 (b) 8 4 7 11 4 8 I Rural 48 95 36 26 37 63 35 4 (0) 43 92 32 26 29 60 29 (b) 6 3 4 8 3 6 Urban 4 2 " 7 I) 7 36 (a) 1 1 1 ... , I) 35 (b) 1 3 - 3 1 a - 2 1 271 B XVI-SAMPLE PRINCIPAL HOUSEHQLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AND TOTAL NUMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(contd.) (Based 00 20 per cent Sample) 10 month8 to 1 year Months not stated Household Industry TOlal. (Division an1 Major Rural aM House. Family worker8 Hired House- Family worker8 Hired group only) Urban holds W(}Tker8 Jwld8 WfJrlrer Malel1 Femalel1 Malel1 Femalea .(20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) All Industries •. Total 14,652 20,460 13,890 3,473 752 988 636 87 (a) 3,323 5,887 4,412 2,333 188 339 236 59 (b) 11,329 14,578 9,478 1,140 564 849 400 28 Rural 12,541 17,781 12,621 2,994 573 783 541 76 (a) 3,254 6,763 4,361 2,226 187 338 236 59 (b) 9,287 12,018 8,260 768 386 445 305 17 Urban 2,111 2,679 1,269 479 179 205 95 11 (a) 69 124 51 107 1 1 (b) 2,042 2,555 1,218 372 178 204 95 11 Division *0 Agriculture, Total 788 1,164 778 714 52 78 47 10 livestock, forestry, fishing an hunting. (a) 436 807 561 697 27 51 30 9 (b) 352 357 217 17 26 27 17 1 Rural 721 1,089 735 648 49 76 45 10 (a) 416 768 541 634 27 51 30 9 (b) 305 321 194 14 22 25 15 1 Urban 67 75 43 66 3 .2 " (a) 20 39 20 63 •• (b) 47 36 23 3 3 .2 J - M.G. 00 Field Produce and Plan~ Total 88 129 77 9 15 9 tation Crops - (a) 13 20 13 .. 3 5 6 (b) 75 109 64 - 6 10 3 Rural 85 125 76 - 9 15 9' .. (a) 13 20 13 3 5 6 .. (b) 72 105 63 - 6 10 .. 3 Urban 3 1 - - - OI. (a) ...... •• no (b) -3 1 - - - ..- ., M.G. 04 Livelltook_and Hanting... Total 695 1,021 700 711 43 63 38 10 (a) 423 697 787 548 24 46 24 9 (b) 272 234 152 14 19 17 14 1 Rural 632 951 658 648 40 61 36 10 (a) 403 748 528 634 24 46 24 9 (b) 229 203 130 14 16 15 12 1 Urban 70 _42 63 3 .2 .2 Ol. (a) 39 20 63 .. (b) 31 22 3 - - .2 272 B XVI-SAMPLE PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AND TOTAL NUMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGE~ IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(wntd.) (Be.sed on 20 per oent Sample) Total 1 to 3 month.! Code Household Iooustry Total, .umber (DiMon and M ajQr Rural aM House· Family worker, Hired HOUBe· Famu1J workers Hired group only) Uroan hold8 worktr8 holds wM'kera- Males Females Males, Females (1) (2) (3) (~) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (ll) Division ·2 and 3 Manufacturing Total 17,870 24,605 17,325 3,801 159 208 163 140, (a) 4,681 8,094 6.342 2,615 93' 141 123 135 (b) 13,189 16.511 10,983 1;186 66 67 4O 5 Rural 15,536 21,721 15,909 3,349 152 203 158 125 (a) 4,622 8,000 6,305 2,548 90 138 121 120 (b) 10,'14- 13,721 9,604: 801 62 65 37 5 Urban 2,334- M84 1,4:16 4152 7 /j {) 10 (a) &9 94 37 67 3 3 2 15 (b) 2,275 2;790 1,379 385 " 2 3 _ Total M.G. SO Fooda~uft! - 2,038 2,941 1,991 331 4:9 66 58 14- (a) 721 1,213 849 279 31 43 45 14: (b) 1,317 1,728 1,142 52 18 23 13 .. Rur&l 1,977 !,862 1,964- 306 47 6l 57 14, (a) 717 1,208 84:6 212 31 4:3 45 a (b) 1,260 1,654: l,na 3' 16 21 12 .. Urban 61 79 27 25 2 2 1 (a) 4: 5 3 7 .. .. (b) 67 74 24- 18 --2 2 1 ... M.G • .l3 Teltile--Ootton .. - Total 10,428 14,615 12,696 2,561 4:9 69 '18 95 (a) •• 3,144 5,4:85 4,843 1,84:7 35 52 60 95. (b) 7,284 9,030 7,853 714 16 7 18 ·, Rural 9,027 12,816 11,684 2,346 47 58 75 81 (al 3,126 5,460 4,824- 1,820 Sf: 61 58 81 (b) ·. 5,901 7,356 6,860 626 13 7 17 " Urban .. 1,401 1,699 1,012 215 2 1 3 14: .. (a) 18 25 19 27 1 1 2 a (h) 1,383 1,674 9~3 188 1 - 1 " • • M.G=Mq>r Grou,:' .. - •• 273 B \IVI-8AMPLE PRINCIPAL HOVSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD OF WORKING AID TOTAL NVMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL ABEAS-(oonId.). (Based on 20 per cent Sample) 4: CO 6 montM 7 to 9 mootli16 Code Household lrtdttatry Total, "umber (Diviaion and Major Rural and House· Family workers . Hired H()U8e,. Family 'WQ'Tkere Biud grlYlLp only) Urban ll.oldII workers holds worker, Malea .Femalea Male8 FefTKJlu (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) Piviaion*.. .2 and 3 Manufacturing Total 1,940 . 2,635 2,119 560 1,207 1,556 1,342 186 (a) 981 1,629 1,325 549 559 956 837 2'6 (h) 959 1,006 794 11 ~S 600 605 20 Rural 1,895 2,607 2,080 551 1,145 1,512 1,289 261 (a) 975 1,624 1,321 54,1 559 956 837 m (b) 920 983 759 10 586 556 402 16 Urban 45 28 39 9 62 t4: 53 , (a) 6 5 4 8 (b} 39 23 35 1 62 44 53 4 M.G. ~ Foodatuffs •• Total 893 1,284- 914, 53 250 356 241 23 (a) 343 674 402 48 87 153 101 1~ (b) OliO 710 512 I) 163 203 140 4- Rural 892 1,283 914 53 245 351 240 20 (a) 348 574 402 48 87 153 101 ID (0) 549 709 512 5 158 198 139 1 Urban I I 5 5 1 • (a) " " ...... (b) 1 I 5 5 1 • M.G. 23 Tmi1&-Cotton ••• _ Total 674 926 990 430 615 784 913 lIS (a) 527 877 833 430 405 686 685 116 (b) 147 49 Ili7 •• 210 98 228 J Rural 661 924: 975 424 590 778 885 118 ((II 525 876 831 424 (OJ) 686 685 118 (bj 186 48 144 .. IS5 92 200 2 Urban 13 2 15 6 25 6 28 •• •• (5) 2 1 i 6 ...... (h) 11 1 13 ... 25 -6 28 PI M.G.: Major Group. C-35 274 B m-BAMPLE PRINCIPAL HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY CLASSIFIED BY PERIOD I OF WORKING AND TOTAL NUMBER OF WORKERS ENGAGED IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY IN ALL AREAS-(concld.). (Ba.sed on 20 per cent Sample) 10 months to 1 year MontM not atated Oock HO'U8ehcld IndU8try Total, number (DWiaion and Major .: Rural and H0U8B. Family workers Hired Howe- Family workers Hired grow; only) Uf'ban holM workers holds workers Males Femalu Males Females (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) Division.' 2 and 3 Manufacturing Tot&l. 13,864: 19,290 13,112 2,759 700 910 589 7'7 (a) 2,887 5,080 3,851 1,636 161 288 206 50 (b) 10,977 14,216 9,261 1,123 539 622 383 27 Rural 1l,820 16,692 II ,886 2,846 524 707 496 66 (a) 2,838 4,995 3,820 1,592 160 281 206 50 (b) 8,982 11,697 8,066 754 364 420 290 16 Urban 2,044 2,604 1,226 413 . 176 203 93 11 (a) 49 85 31 44 1 1 (b) 1,995 2,519 1,195 369 175 202 93 11 H.G.2!} Food.s~uff's " Total 761 1,112 697 .234 85 123 ,81 '1 (a) 229 384: 265 193 31 59 . 36 5 (b) 532 728 432 41 5~ 64 45 2 Rura.l 716 1,052 673 212 77 11.2 80 7 (a) 225 379 262 186 31 59 36 .5 (b) 491 673 4:11 26 46 53 44: 2 Ul'ba.n 45 60 24 22 8 11 I 4, (a) 5 3 7 II .. (b) 41 55 21 15 8 II 1 M,G. sa Tertile--CottoD .• .' Total 8,719 12,293 10,3(18 1,898 371 453 407 20 (a) 2,083 3,710 3,12() 1,195 94: 160 145 11 (b) 6,636 8,583 7.188 703 277 ~93 262 9 Rural 7.4,62 10;714 9,410 1.712 267 342 339 11 (a) 2,068 3,687 3,105 1,188 94- 160 145 It (b) 5,394 7,027 6.305 524 173 182 194r Urba.n 1,257 1,579 898 186 104 111 68 9 (a) 15 23 15 7 .. • • ' . (b) 1,242 1,556 883 179 - 104-- 111 68 D ~oJltgeM: (!I) With cultivation (b) WithQut cultivatiOD APPENDIX TO TABLE B·XVI Total-02 (H.I) ; 03 (H.4) ; 21 (D-1, E-I, F.I, B.16) ; 22 (B-2, D.IS, X.I, G·3, H·72, Y.8); 24 (D.2, G-3, R.6, Y-2); 25 (B.I, C-I, D.4, F.7, G.8, H-ll, Y.3); 26 (C.l, D-I4, H.94, Y-4); 27 (A-6, B.I5, C.ll, D.I37, X-6, F-18, G-15, H·466, Y-I6); 28 (A-2, B·36, 0-20, D.143, X·12. F.49, G.79, H.1091, Y.66); 29 (H·3); 30 (F-I, H·3); i31 (A·5, B·13, 0·6, D·3S, X.I, E.26, G~4, F·1I3, G-64, H.710, Y.36) ; 33 (D-2, F-3, H.22, Y·I) ; 34 and 35 (A-12, B-38, 0.22, D-119i X-9, E-7, F-54, G·63, H·504, Y.28); 36 (A-I, :6-2, 0-4, D-55, X-2, F-lO, G.14, i.H·394, Y-27); 37 (C.I, H.I) ; 38 (A.I, C·I, D-17, F ·1, G·3, R·67) ; 39 (B-4, D.28, X-5, F-5, G-19, H-349, Y.I7). Rural-21 (D.I, E-I, F-l, H-10) ; 22 (B-2, D-I5, X·I, G-2, R.48, Y·4) ; 24 (D.2, G·3, H·6, Y.2); 25 (B.I, C.1, D-4, F-7, G·S, R.ll, Y·3); 26 (C·I, 1D·14, H·91, Y·2); 27 (A·O, B.IS. C-11, D-132, X·6, F.16, G-13, R-380, Y·IO) ; 28 (A-2, B-35, C.20, D-139, X-12, F-40, G-64, R·8S4, Y-50); 29 (H.I) ; 31 (A-5, B.I3, C·6, D·3S, X-I, E·26, F.lll, G·61, R.673, Y·33) ; 33 (D.I, F.2, G- 1, H-IO) ; 34 and 35) A-IO, B-36, C·22, D·JI4, X·9, E.6, F.45, G·62, H-445, Y·20); 36 (A.l., B.2, 0-4, D-44, X-2, F.9, G-I4, H-293, Y.14) ; 37 (C.1); 38 (A-I, C·1, D-I6. F.I, G·2, H.53) ; 39 (B-3, D-25,X-4,F·3,G-13,H-192, Y-7). Urban-02 (H-I); 03(R-4); 21 (R-6); 22 (G-I, H·24, Y-4); 26 (H.3, Y.2) ; 27 (D-5, F.2, G·2, H-S6, y.6); 28 (B.I, D.4, F·9, EG.I5, H-207, Y-16); ~9 (H-2); 30 (F.I, H-3); 31 (F.2, G·3, H-37, Y-3) ; 33 (D·I, F.l, G-3, H.12. Y·I); 34 and 35 (A-2, B-2, D-5, E-I, F-9, G·l, H-59, Y.S); 36 (D.ll, .F.I, H.IOt, Y.13); 37 (H.I) ; 38 (D.I, G·I, H-14); 39 (B.I, D·3, X.I, F.2, G-6, H-l57, Y.lO). The following abbreviations have been used : Witk cultivation Without cultivatiOft 1-3 months=A •• • • • • 1-3 months- E 4-5 months=B .• • • .. ... 4-6 months=F 7-9 months=C •• •.• • A- 7-9 months-G . Ten months to 1 year= D •• Ten months to 1 yea.r=H Months not stated.X •• •• I. Months not sta.ted .... Y 0-35.! B XVII-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY (1) NUMBER uF MALE AND FEMALE MEMBERS BY SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS AND (2) ENGAGEMENT (a) NEITHER 114' CULTIVATION NOR IN INDUSTRY; (b) IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY ONLY; AID (c) IN CULTIVATION SUB.CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LABD CULTIVATED. FLY-LEAF This table presents data on sample households classified by size and participation ip household cultivation or industry or neither of them. For households engaged in clJ}tiva tion ~eparate data are given for each size of holding. This table iB presented for the dist- ; rict with rural and urban break up with totaJs. Separate particulars of holdings or households engaged in cultivation are not shown for urban. The grouping of holdings is the same as in previous tables, i.e., B XI, B XII, B XIII and B XV. The family size is divided as fa.mily with one member, i.e., single member household, 2-3 members, 4-6 members, 7-9 members and 10 members and over" There is a aUght distinction between a family and census household •. The hous~hold includes persons who are not members of the family but are residing with the family at· the time of census count. The total number of households shown in the Appendix includes institutions;'. also. , Institutions refer to penal, oharitable or mental institutions, hotels, hospitals, boarding. houses, etc., and were excluded from the selection of sample households. Tota.l household population shown in columns 3-,5 of the Appendix excludes institutional and houseless.... population . 277 • I ! 11 IVIlb-SIZE OF SAMPLE BOUSEHOLl)S CLASSIFIED BY (1) NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE MEMBERS BY .SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS AND (2) ENGAGEMENT {a) NEITHER IN CULTIVATION NOR IN INDUSTRY; (b) IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY ONLY; ABD (e) IN CULTIVATION SUB-CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED (Bllsed on 20 per cent I!ample) SizB oj 8ample Musekoldl r- ~ Total8ample houBehold population 1 M~mbBr ·Total, rural and urban "Total Per81Y1t8 Malu FBmalell H0'U8(',· Malel Femal., number of holtlB aample Muaooolds (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) AU areas 165,439 702,247 364,028 348,219 11,678 4,739 6,989 All rura.l areas .. , . 111,819 501,209 251,224 249,985 8,567 2,947 5,620 Households engaged neither in Culti· 52,068 209,125 103,212 105,913 6,724 2,175 .,549 vation nor in IndUstry. Households engaged in Household 11,366 53,779 27,034 26,745 560 169 391 Industry only. Households. engaged in Cultivation 48,385 238,305 120,978 117,32'1 1,283 603 680 (all lizes). Less than 1 acre 1,754 7,695 3,808 3,887 91 34 57 1·0-2·4 act~ 9,327 40,897 20,512 20,381i 443 188 255 .2·5-4·9 acres 12,133 56,149 28,408 27,741 368 197 171 .5'0-704 acres .. 8,871 43,387 21,963 21,424 17.3 84 89 7·~9·9 acres 3;870 20,057 10,273 9,784 44 19 25 aO·0-12·4 acres 4,475 23,652 12,081 1l~571 62 29 33 12·5-1H! ·acres 1,161 6,548 3,406 3,142 16 7 9 l5-0-29·9 acres 4,786 27,499 14,132 13,367 61 32 .20 .3Q·0-49·9 acres 1,314 8,195 4,207 3,988 15 8 7 ·150+ 590 3,732 1,942 1,790 6 4 2 Unspecified 104 494 246 248 4 1 3 AU urban areas· .. 43,620 201,038 102,804 98,234 3,111 1,792 1,319 Size of sample hou.,yeJwld,y-(contd.) 2-3 memberB I 4-6 members Total. '!'Ural and urban ,--- HtnUlelwlda Malta Femalu HOUdehold8 Maks Femalu (9) (10) (II) (12) (IS) (14:) .An areas 43t921 55,781 56,034 72,121 178,195 173,796 All rural areas .. 31,160 39,32' 40,033 53,020 130,711 127,955 Households engaged neither in Culti. 16,610 20,142 21,612 21,856 53,026 52,826 vation nor in Industry. Households engaged in Household 3,035 3,851 3,903 5,472 13,614 13,312 Industry only. Households engaged in Cultivation 11,515 15,331 14,518 25,692 64,071 61,817 (all sizes). Less than 1 acre 548 717 678 868 2,097 2,131 1·0-2-4 acres 2,839 3,633 3,614 4,748 11,514 1l,457 2·5-4·9 acres 3,253 4,319 4,139 6,598 16,204 15,838 5·0-704 acres 2,095 2,794 2,665 4,881 12,183 11,750 7.5-9·9 acres 770 1,054 960 2,145 5,474 5,056 10·0-12-4 acres .• 842 1,183 1,038 2,443 6,214 5,874 12'5-14·9 acres 185 . 265 229 612 1,584 1,471 15·0-29·9 acres .. 696 964 8017 2,476 6,406 6,018 3()·()-49·9 acres " 167 236 201 612 1,602 1,479 95 137 117 251 647 50 + "" 603 Unspecified 25 29 30 58 146 140 All urban areas 12,761 16,457 16,001 19,101 47,484 45,841 278 B XVII-SIZE OF SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFIED BY (1) NUMBER OF MALE AND FEMALE MEMBERS· BY SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS AND (2) ENGAGEMENT (a) NEITHER IN CULTIVATION NOR IN INDUSTRY; (b) IN HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY ONLY; AND (c) IN CULTIVATION SUB-CLASSIFIED BY SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED-(concld.) (Based on 20 per cent sample) Size of sample houoMolde-(concld.) -. 7-9 members 10 membeTIS and over . Total, rural and urban --. HOU8eholdB MaIM Females Houl/eholds Males Females (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) AU areas: •• 23,562 91,203 88,402 4,157 24,110 23,048 All rural areas 16,491 63,493 62,010 2,581 14,749 14,367 Households engaged neither in Culti· 6,122 23,668 22,759 756 4,201 4.,167 vation nor in Industry. Households engaged in Household 2,003 7,710 7,568 296 1,690 1,571 Industry only. Households enga.ged in Cultivation 8,366 32,115 31,683 1,529 8,858 8,629· (all sizes). Less than 1 acre 216 786 847 31 174 174 1·0 - 204: acres 1,174 4,462 4,406 123 715 653 2'5 - 409 seres 1,691 6,441 6,348 223 1,247 1,245 5,0- H seres 1,519 5,773 5,777 203 1,129 1.143 7·5 - 9·9 acres 762 2,885 2,920 149 841 823· 10'0 - 12-4 acres 946 3,626 3,588 182 1,029 1,038· 12-5 - 14·9 acres 272 1,087 1,018 76 463 415 15'0 - 29·9 acres 1,250 4,920 4,757 303 1,810 1,716 30'0 - 49·9 acres 368 1,460 1,382 152 901 919 50+ 155 625 587 83 529 481 U nspooified 13 50 53 .. 20 22· All urban areas •• 7,071 27,710 26,392 1,578 9,361 8,881 !;79 APPENDIX, Telal, rurai and urban Total number Total houaeJwld population of homehold8 Per80T18 Malea Femalea (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) All areas 779,121 3,557,471 1,809,591 1S47,880 All rural ar888 559,643 2,525,302 1,274,800 1,250,502 An 1Il'biD area.s .. 219,478 . 1,032,169 534,791 497,371 CULTURAL TABLES (C-SERIES) C I-SID AID COMPosiTION OF SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS INTRODUCTION This table deals with the family composition or household structure of the population a.nd is bl\8ed on a 20 per cent sample. Components of k01.£8ehold population ,-The total number of households covered by this sample are 155,439 with a total P?pulation of 7~Q2,247 persons comprising of 354,028 males and 348,219 females. The actual figures of the various components ofthe household population bas been furnished in the table a.nd ~heir proportions are given below:- Percentage too 'he Component total pOpulll~loD. or the sample hOllSeholdi (1) (2) i. Heads of households .. 22'lS ii. Spouses of heads of households 16'93 iii. Yarried relatioIl8 'N5 iv. Unma.rried, widowed and separated relations .. 62'84 v. Unrelated persons 0'55 Rural and urban MuseJwld8,-The family composition of the household population have been furnished separately for rural and urban areas. Out of 155~439 households covered by the sample, lll,819 or 71'94 per cent are rural households and the rest are urban households. The oomponents of the rural and urban household population are as follows :- Percentage to the total Compouent population of the sample bouaeholda Rural Urban 1) (2) (3) i. Heads of households 22'31 21'67 ii. SpOuses of heads of households 16'91 16'95 iii. Married relations 7'96 6'56 iv. Unmarried, widowed and separated relations .. 52'45 63'82 v.Unrelated peraoIls 0'37 1'00 Occupational clal8iJication.-The occupational classification of rural households have a.lso been presented in this table. The categories into which the rural households have been classified are: 1. Households engaged in cultivation, 2. Households engaged in household industry only. 3. Households engaged in occupations other than cultivation and household industry. Out of 11l,819 rural households covered by the sample, 43-27 per cent of them are engaged in cultivation, 10'17 per cent of them are engaged in household industry and 46' 56 per oent of them are engaged in occupations other than household industry and oultivation. 0-36A. 284 Size of the holdings,-The size of the holdings cultivated by the households enga.ged 1D cultivation have also been presented and the cultivating households have been classified according to the size of the holding., r_che bulk of the.holdings belong to the category of sm&ll 'holdings' and une~n~mic hol~81 the medium-sized' a.nd lar~e holdings forming a small minority as detailed ,below ;-. , " , Peretn~ to' the f;otal 'ooldi'ol (1) (2) 1 Uneconomio holdings (les8 than 2'5 acres) , . '22'90 . 2 Small 'holdingS (2'5 to 9'9 acres) .. _ .. .. 5l'1H - I 3 Medium-sized holdings (10 acres to H'9 acres) 11'61 4: Large holdings (above 16 acres) .. ... LO 13'M 285 C I·SIZE AND OO_'OSITION OF SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS , PART B-FAMILY COMPOSITION OF SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS 'I :- (Based on 20 per cent sample) Tolal OomptlBition. oj houseluJ1d8 number of -, !l'otal Rural Urban sample Heads pf household8 8p0u8e8 oj Mads oj . "hotuie1WldB Total 8IJmpk hou8eh.old ~ "hou8eJwld8 r- Ptr80n8 Mak8 Pemalu Males. Females .Male8 Ji'emaka "' (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 8) (9) .All areas .... 166.48& 702,947 ~028 . 846,219 185,009 20,480 334 118,583 All rural areas 111,819 501,209 251,224 249,985 96,258 15,561 154 84,579 (i)· ., 52,068 209,125 103,212 105,913 41,665 10,403 91 35,498 (ii) t .. 11,366 53,779 27,034 " 26,745 10,151 1,215 11 9,157 (iii) t .. 48,385 238,305 l20,978 , 117,327 44,442 3,943 52 39,924 Less than I acre 1,754 .. ~,695 3,808 3,887 ' 1,563 . 191 .~ 1,394 1<0-2·4 9,327 40,897 20,512 20,385 8,275 1,052 12 7,405 2·5--4·9 12,133 56,149 . 28,408 27,741 11,057 1,076 13 .9,006 5'~H 8,871 43,387 21,963 21,424 . 8,198 ti73 11 7,373 705 ...9-9 3,870 20,057 10,273 9,784: 3,609 261 5 3,294: 1000-12-4 .. 4,475 23,652 12,081 11,571 4,207 zas 2 3,777 12·5-14-9 ., 1,161 6,548 3,406 3,142 1,095 66 2 1,005 15·0-29·9 .. ',786 27,499 14,I~2 ~3,367. 4,M5 241. 5 4,083 30·0-49·9 ., 1,3H 8,195 4,207 3,988 1,251 63 ., 1,113 SO+ 590 3,732 1,942 1,790 ~47 43 . 491 Unspecified ... . 104 494 246 24B 95 . 9 83 .411 Urban areas 43,620 201,038 102,8040 98,234 38,751 4,869 80 34,004 O(lmpoBition oj Museooldl (coneld)., , . ,-- Never marrie.d, widowe.d and, , Married relatiom divorced or separated Unrelated per80t13 relatiofUI r" ,--___;.,____-_" ,- TotaJ Rural Urban SotI8 Othermale8 Other femakB Male.! Female" Malea Femalu (10) . (ll) (12) (13) .. (14) (15) (18) .ill areas .', 1'1,608 7,651 27,782 190,674 '180,890 2,852 1,034 4lI rural areas 1.4,024 5,038 20,855 134,851 128,519 1,401 471 (iI' .. 4,084- 1,852 6,793 54,946 53,019. 574 200 .iil t .. 1,254 468 1,920 15,06'.l 14,430 86 23 (iii) t .. 8,686 2,716 12,142 64,341 61,070 741 248 lps th&n 1 acre .. . ' 174 67 265 1,994 2,033 8 4 1·0-2·4 998 324: 1,463 10,863 10,44l 40 24 2-5 .. 4,9 1,567 528 2,282 15,144 14,443 99 34 6·0-7-4 1,582 465 2,158 11,632 11,194 75 26 7·6-9·9 767 244 1,073 5,595 5,148 153 8 10·0-12·4, .. 1,068 319 1,458 6,421 6,050 64 18 317 S8 431 1,879 1,634- 25 12·5-14'9 .. , 6 15-0-29·9 •• .. 1,513 -:(44, 2,023 7,469 6,973 156 47 3(}0-49·9 .. 488 148 668 2,236 2,116 84 28 50 + 195 82 297 983 907 135 52 Unspecified 17 7 ~4: 125 131 2 1 411 Urbo areas 8,584 2,615 . 6,927 56,823 51,871'" 1,451 568 -~- --- ... --,~~- .. HODsebolds engaged lIelther in cultivation nor 1. housebold IndnatrJ· t }[oW!ehold& 'I!~aged in household Indnstry only- ~ Hou&tooldunia",d In tultl vation (all llIea). C II~AGB AID IIARITAL STATUS FLY LEAF Thia table deals with the marital status of the population classified by a.ge groups with sepa:rate figures for rural urban a.reas of the district. Marital status has been olassi fied into four categories, viz., never married, married, widowed and divorced or sepa.ra ted. Aftfth category of" marital Sta.tU8 not specified" will also be found in the table. The age groups have been divided into, 15 age groups; five-year age groups from 10-69, 0-9 ~nd 70 +. Total.-In Coimbatore district out of a total population of 3,557,471, 1,783,128 are never married, 1,485,946 are married, 256,795 are Widowed and 31,494 are divorced or separated. 108 persons have been returned as unspeoified. ThuB in this district, 50'1 per cent of total population are never ma.rried, 41'S per cent are married, 7'2 per cent are widowed a.nd 0-9 per cent are divorced. Rural, Urban pattem.-The rural, urban pattern indicates that proportion of never married is greater in urban than in rural. In urbAn &rea of this district, 52'5 per cent of population are never married as against 49'2 per cent of never married in rural. But in all other three categories. the percenta!es in rural areas are greater than percentag~8 in urban. The percentages are :- Raral Urban Married Widowed Divorced PClUern bY'8X.-Out of every 1,000 males in the district 553 are never married, 409 married, 33 widowed and 5 separated or divorced. The pattern among females is 448 never married, 427 married, 113 widowed and 12 divorced or separated. Thus never married is greater among males than among females but in the other three categories, per centage among females is greater than percentage among males. The comparative proportions for each sex for Madras State and Coimbatore district are given below ;- Proportion8 per 1,00U males and 1,000 females:- Male. Femaietl tm ..A • ' . State D18tr1.o1 State Districi (I) (II) . (8) (4) (6) Never alarried .. 554- 553 433 448 Married •• .. 410 409 430 427 Widowed 32 33 128 113 Divorced 4: :; 9 12 287 The following table sivea th~ rural, urban pa"= by sex :- aural Ul'ball ,. .. ,. . F .• ... Jrfa&eI JemaIM• IfaItI '_U 1) (2, .. (3) (f) (6) Nevermar.ried - - ... 041 440 681 '66 Married ... 416 429 392 '23 - -. ... Widowed .. 39 118 2.'1 100 Divorced ... 13 4 11 - • - - ---. -J.OOO -1,000 -lJ)09 --1,000 218 .... ~ .... o 10 .... o .... C\I ...o 00-.... .... -~ 289 .... •. .... "'" .. ~'. • o o OJ tel • ..... G'I • o ..., ..., o 0') 0') r:tJ o ~ o Ol t-- .-t"'" ...... 00 G'I OJ .....n ....o G'I ...; 00 00 ..-Io 10 00 II) .... r 00 IO """00 10 0; "'"o o 00 t t ...c OO .... 00 00 o 00 ....~ o· ..... -:r." ...... 290 .... o.... .... 10 to 00 ....o o ...,00 00 .... 00 .., .., Ol o.... 00 oct:J ...;""" o r:- o ....~ oto t- .Q 00 o to '"00 o .... ~ CJ) ~ CJ) to CJ) I Ol ,,~ J IO J 201 .... • t It • ". . 00 lQ o 10 o .... 00 00 rIJ o <:'l ..... rIJ o o erl CN 00 t- .... c::>..... 00 .....00 .....o .....o o .... t eo; ..... o ~ ..... t t t O O (- o..... <£ .... t .-I ....e5 + + o o t- t- • , • • • . . r-I o ., 1'...... 00 Co 00 o M M 00 ....00 00 o I:- to (,) ., ~ 2 ~ I:- ~ I:'- 0 10 0) r:.: r.: ..; o oM r.t3 ' + o 1'- • 00 ..... '0 '0 00 00 o l!'l GO G\I 00 o ~ Q"J t- o I:C ,...... ~ o Cl 00 00 l: CC '0 '':' C\I 00 00 o GO O...... o ..... I.Q o ' o 00 I.Q II") o lQ ~ ..... ,..,q o o ...... , Co:! t- '" IQ I:- o Cl Ol 00 o M G\I 00 Ol ..... I.Q It)..... t O >0 .Q 10 o o C\I I.Q 0') I:- 00 C\I "'it ...... Q ...... o..... ..... t t- lO .Q,.., " .... II) 00 o o .... <:'I -...... _, <:'I 00 ...... o..... ..... CI:I - o <:'I 00 00 Ifl..... o ",. ,.., o '",.., .....00 ..... o oCI:I '"l() .... ell o ..... C'I 00 o C'I ei ...... ....to 00 o..... + CI o I i::'- ¢ t .a eo 10 C!') 00 ~ L":l rLJ ~ 1.,":l t...:' to r---" t- -.:II C") ~ 00 (N eo ~ ""'~"'~C!') P-I ...... ~- 0 C-l 0 IN !Xl t- O) 0 10 ~ IN "" ~ eo ""P-I t- -~ .... ~ "~ II) ef eo~ r..: e-r .; "" "" ~ IN P-I P-I ~ ~ 'Q o .... 10 C!') "10 o .... Ol C!') ""C!') C!') 10 -.:lI- e) ci .; '" C!') (N C-I o 00 P-I -.:II IN .... 00 lO lO ~ lO -C!') 6 lO Ol P-I IN C!') eo C!') Co> P-I C!') C") 10 ~ -.:II "~ C!') .... 10 0') 00 0') t- ,...., 0 <:0 .... 0') <:0 (N '=1 lO -.:fI (.C .... .; '"~ a5"" to C\j" .Q IN" 0 Q ",,' ....0 Cl ~ <:0 10 "" C") IN C\j ..; 'tj v ~ 1:.., ":II Ql -.:II 0') Ql Ql Ol 0 C\I C-I C!') C!') "" -.:fI 10"" 10 <:0"" ,; I "" + ~ 10 J ~ J J J 0 bO J C") l J N Ie lO 1 Vi -.:fI "" 10 ~ <:0 t- -c C III-AGE, SEX AND EDUCATION FLY LEAF This table deals with the literacy level of the population and consists of three parts A, Band 0, Part A dealing with the level of literacy for the district as a whole, Part B for the urban area alone and Part C for rural areas, But Parts A and B alone are 'presented here. The total population has been divided into two broad groups, viz., ·1iterates and illite~ rates. The literates have been further sub-divided into three categories, viz., literates with out educational standard, primary or junior basic and matriculation and above. Part B of this table classifies literates into technical and non-technical. Both the illiterates and the literates of various educational levels have been divided into different age groups. Out of a total of 3,557,471 persons in Coimbatore district, 2,483,242 are illiterates accounting for 70 per cent of the total population. This is an improvement on the 1951 position of the district. In 1951 the illiterates formed 82.5 , per cent. The general literacy standard of the district population is as follows: llliterates. 69.8 per cent, literates without educational standard 20.3 per cent, primary or junior basic 7.7 per cent and Matriculation and above 2.2 per cent. Among illiterates, the percentage of females is 58.7 per cent. It was 55.37 per cent in 1951. Thus there has been more educational progre@s among males than femaJes during. 1951-61. The literates account for a total of 1,074~229 distributed into 783,113 males and 291,116 females, the percentage composition being 72.9 per cent and 27.1 Der centrespec-· tively. Among literates of this district, 67.17 per cent are literates without educational, standard, 25.47 per cent in primary or junior basic level and the rest above Matriculation. level. Taking the literacy standard of males and females individu:~lly among males 783,1l3" out of a total of 1,'809,591 are lHerates, the percentage being 43.28. Among these literates the standard of education is as follows: Literates without educational level 67.67 per cent, the primary a.nd junior basic level 23.97 per cent and Matriculation a.nd above 8,36· per cent. The literates among females account, for 16.6 per cent ofthe total female population. That is 29l,1l6 out of a total of 1,747,880 females are literates. These female literates are distributed into various categories as follows: Literates without eduoational level 65.S! per cent, primary or junior basic 29.51 per cent and Matriculation and a,bove ',67 per ctnt. 297· C III PART A-AGE, SEX AND EDUCATIOI IN ALL .AREAS Age group' Total population IlliJerak' PeraotM MalM Females Male8 F8'Fle& , -- (l) (2}: (3) (4) (5) «6), AU Ages :·1 ,3,557,471 1,809,591 1,747,880 1,026,478 l,45~,~ , " 1}--4' .. 450;171 226,608 223,563 226,6(18 223,563 ,., ~ 5-9 .. 441.791 223,513 'US,278 136,489 160;137 10-14 .. '15~483 209,649 205,834 82,7.52 }3'1;tio 15-19 .. .. 3i9,305 162,825 156,480 73,489 114,913 20-24 .. ' 320,684 159.325 161,359 66,602 125,164 25-29 308,534, 151,309 157,225 68,163 ',128,994 30-34: .. 250,6S3 127,327 '123,306 59,(1.39 104,395 35-44 .. 430,(Si 226,896 ~O3,585 115,421 ;l~,706 ! 45-59 .. 4Q~,~41 213.758 191.783 124,490 179,055 ' . 60+ , .. .~-.. 214,741 108,313 106,428 73,383 102,6811) Ago not stated' '107 68 1'3~ 38 'Elacalional ~ Literate; withO'l4 EduqaUona~ Primary til Jooior :Bt:iW; ", MatriCf!l.alwn and level above Age group Ma~ Females ,Maw Pr-rJirJle.tI .Maw Females ('1) , (8) .(9). , (10) (tl) (12) All Ages 529,967 191,611 187.688 85,914 65,460 18,591 1)...... 4, .. .~ . " 5-9 .. 85,058 56,851 .1,968 ' 1,.284: 10--14 .. 'U,J4'l 38,482 55,432 30,142 118 100 15-19 .. 44,687 19,996 33,957 17,081 10,692 4,484 2Q.--"24: .• 50,~99 19,666 24,120 11,884, 18,104 4,645 25-29 .. 52,029 ' 16,788 19,006 9,"9 12,111 1,994 30-34 .. 46,328 11,747 14,683 6,080 7,327 1,084 35-44 .. 81,080 15,635 21,504 6,398 8,891 846 45-59 .. 69,859 9,449 13,329 2,904 6,280 875 60+ 29,260 2,990 3,738 686 1,932 6a Ace not 8tated .. SO 1 1 •• j .. } . C-38 298. [ o '" ...... ~ M i-I' .• I' 0,: ~ ". L [ "... '0 II) ~ 41) ~.... .,. '"' I- .., • • 0 .... 0 11 ,~ . . '"~ t ~ «i . '"Q 1ll .. " -- ~ III & f.l ~ ~ • w ~ ""'~"'CII.,jI"",~"CI ~ ~ ""'CI""Ol""'''~'O j;j ~'" 0 lm~~~~lll~ j:l < lllllJlll! CD ~ ~ ... ~~co~.cg : =-< l~*~~~~ .. i ! 199 j c •.. to"" e-.1' ' • •• • ·• •. . ... ~ • • ot .... • 1) ~..... l ! I ~ • allISCli004 0IjI"",'" i GO S · .· • 11) ...... Qq (II I I ~ e tI l l · . t . t · · . . . & · "1:1 ~ ... • • 0 , . . ~ i ~ J A ~' llnll~ll: ~ C-SSA. C V-LANGUAGE (MOTHER,TOKGUE) FLY LEAF Ta.ble C V Presents the number of speakers of each language with sex break~np , SOl C V~LAflGUA9E (MOTHER ..TONGUE) (RURAL) 2 Gopichdtipalayam , 1 BJulfJ(tni laluk taluk "serial number and language Male8 FemallJ8 MalrJ8 FemalrJ8 Ji'emalrJ8 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) All Languages 2,525,30$ 1,274,800 1,250,502 116,861 112,926 175,309 173,7'17 1 ArabiolArb~ 37 17 20 ,,2 Badaga .. 1 3 Bengali .• 21 21 ,+ fJeylorlUtj8imeluISi'¥JliaJ&e .. S 7 1 5 Coorgi/Kodagu .• 10 9 1 I} English .. .'_ 86 48 3S 1 2 " French ' 2 ~ I ," ...... 2 .. .j 8 GujaratL ~ • 162 112 o. 50 2 1 3 f Hindi 681 391 290 18 12* 22 23, ~~: IItWa/Iniliga ,,~ .. .. 84 46 38 .' . · .' 11 Italian .,",.' .. 31 31 12 Kmmada •• 226,227 113,O88 113,144 6,638 6,140 25,456 26,19& 13 Konkani t 152 79 73 4 ~. I I ~, Lamani/Lambadi 510 241 269 157 189 84, : 80 ~p MalMlM(UaYIMalay~/Makzyan 2 2 ·. 16 Malll.yala,m .. 14,266 7,664 6,602 104 89 274 200 17 Marathi 677 336 341 41 59 49 "52: ' 18 Nepali 10 6 4 <#,'01',' ~. /;:: 19 Oriya ' .. . 2 1 1 • -l 20 Prakrit ',' 5 3, 2 ·. 21 Punjabi t. ..~. .. .. 16 15 1 1 :.:- , , .. ~, ·'l I} ~ . 22 S8DSkrit •• .. ~ 3 .. .'''!. 23 Sindhi .. 1 ,".' . ~~,&;>~a.~a 'r I,. .:, . 1,931 972 959, t72 :9tm ", <':.': ~~.,~i8h .,. , " ., 1 "".- . 1, : " ", \:~ L ~. • .. •• 26 Tamil 1,764,666 891,886 872,780 94,381 91,259 110,881 W9;452' 27 Telugu ... . 504,734 254,107 250,627 14,759 14,484 35,396 . 34;799' 28 ,Tulu ... 23 13, 10 3 " ,"i 29 Urali 1,031 623 514 523 514 i, .. ' 30 Urdu 9,913., ~118{l ~,733 " .7;}9 690 '1,643 ' 1,493 NO+rE."";_Mother. tongue' printediil Halids belongs to countries outside the IDdi~ Sub;Continent. * Means that the mother-tongue is llDoJIIIl!!mod in Lini'Uistio Snrvey of India. t Means that the mother.tongue though classifled in Linguistio Survey of India. is either tentatively reclassified or oonsidered unc_ified by linguist. 302 CV-LAlfGUAGE (.OTHER~TOIGUE) (RURAL)-conld. 3 Erode taluk 4 Dharaptt'fam taluk 5 Palladam taluk &ricd number and languag~ ,-----"-----, Males Femalts Males Females Malts Femal68 (10) (Il) (12) (13) (14) (15) (IG) AU Langllages 206,496 201,772 150,470 149,386 141,538 141,844 118,012 112,864 1 Arabic/Arbi 2 Badage. 3 Bengali I ,. 16 1 4, Oeylonese/Simelu/Sit1ghalue .5 Coorgi/Kodagu 2 6 English 5 5 2 4, 3 16 to 7 Frll'lWk 1 8 Gujarati 14 9 1 8 to: ,9 Hindi 3f) 34 24 24 4:T 28 . 61 l~ Irula/lruliga .,. .1 1.1 '46 '" - 11 I talit.m . , '31 1.2 KElnnada. 3,150 2,966 . 6,576 6,450 6,93"4" 7,335 25,017 24.889 13 Konkani t 4: ·6 3" 14 Lamani/Lambadi 15 Malai/Malay/MalayaIMala,yan 16 Ma.layalaro 447 282 209 . 126 5~ . 375 696· ··249 1.7 Marathi 42 39 13 . IS 16 6 It) 9 18 Nepali .• 2 . 1 f90riy& 20 Pl'8krit .. 21 Punjabi 22 StmSkrit 1 23 Sindhi .• 24 Solaga-Ka.nnada t 25 Swedish 26·Ts.mil l74,950 171,105 125,910· 124.,631 103,886 107,174 67,024 65,4.9Z 27 Telugu ,., 27,29a 26,799 17,396· 17,794 29,903 2M27· 22,683 21,681 23 TaIu 1 1 1 29 Ur&li ,. 36 Urdu •• 564 531 . 338 .. 388 191 406 NOTE,~Mother.tongQe printed in italioil belongs to countries outside the Indian Sub.Continent. * :Means tha.t the mother·angus is unclassified in Linguistie' Survey ofIildia.. t Means that the mothf'r.tongue though classifitd in Linguistic Survey of India ia either ten~atively reclassified or collsidered unole..ssified by linguist. ,. .. 303 C V-,-LAliGUAGB (MOTHER-TONGUE) (RURAL)":"'cQncU. 7 Ooimbatore taluk 8 Pollachi taluk 9 Udumalpet taluk Serial number amllai'iQ'UaDe ~~, ,..---- ~ Mallis Females Males FemGlee' Males Female!! (17) (18) (19) (~O) (21) (22) AI taDguages .. " 148,030, 138,646 ' 123,802 123,"1 96.288 96,046 ~ .A ralJ-W1 Arbi G 3 12 16 I 2 Bad.!J,ga " ,3 'Bengali " 3 4 Oylone&e/Simelu/SinghaJeal! 7 1 Ii Coorgi/Kodagu " 7 1 Engliah : a .. 12 10 3 4 4: 7F~ .. 8 Gujarati .. , . 73 27 15 MalaiJ Malay {Malayal Malayan 2 .,"; 1-6 M.alaya1a.m " 2,693 " 1,797 ' '2,280 3,176 (01 "'. 'aos , 17 Marathi 133 140 11 2 21 16 IS Nepali 3 4 ....; ',: I90riya " 1 '} 20 Prakrit .. 3 2 ; 21 Ptmjlllbi ., 10 1 .;~-' 22 Sanskrit " 1 2 \~ ., 23 Sindhi .1 ,~ " 1 ;'. 24: Solage.. Kannada. t 0'0 26 Swtdiah 1 ,', 26;,TamiI ..... , , 83,429 75,892 ,,]2,BS'] 69,120 58,728 ' 5~65' 21 Tfllugu 38,194 37,501 ,'35,5S3 38,265 32,900 3~m1 21;'Tulu d 8 3 1 ~ .. ~' 29 Url\li ... 3!HTrdu t" ...... I!' " 4:7l '304 542 488 305 275 " NOTE.-,-Mother.tongue printed in italics belongs to countries outside the Indian Sub.Continent. • Means that the mother-tongue ie uncl~ified in Li~guistic Survey of Ipdiil, .' '. t. MEl~ that tbe mother· tongue tho\lgh clsasifi.6d in. Lingui!5~ic Survey: of India is· either tentatively reeIa~Bified or eonsidered uncla.ssified by linguist. , . , . .' " 304 C V-LANGUAGE (MOTHER-TONGUE) (URBAN) Total urban papulation ~ Serial number aM mother.ttmgue PcrBonI MalM }'emole6 (1) (2) (3) (4) All languages .. 1,032,169 6*,791 ' 497,&73 1 Afghani/KabtuiIPakhtoIPfUJhto/Pathani 13 11 ,2 2 Arabic/Arbi 72 37 35 3 As~amese I " . 4 Badaga. 164 149 15 5 Balinese "" 1 1 6 Bengali 119 81 , 38 7 Burmese I) 2 3 8 OeylonlJ8s/Simelu/Singltale8e ,.0 ~ . 23 16 7 9 Ohine8s/0hini .0 , .- 10 3 !7 10 Coorgi/Kodagu 124 90 34 11 Dogri o. 5 4 1 12.Err.{Ilish .0 • ...... 3,223 1,843 1,B80 13 Flemish 1 .. 14: Ff'f!!I'tCh 13 ~ ',I) I 15 German 2 .2 16 Ghanese 7 1 4} 17 Goanese t 2 • 2 18 Greek o. , .. S 3 19 Gujarati ,2,00( l,OSJ) ~19 20 Gurmukhi 4 3 1 21 Hindi ;. 2,791 1,547 l~« 22 Hindustani 12 12 231riah 1 1 24 Italian, 3 3 25 Japanese 1 1 23 Javanue/Jaua .. 17 17 .. 27' Ke.chchhi 70 31 39 28 Ka.nnada. 76,710 38,444 38,266 29 KMhmiri o· 1 " ~ '_ 30 Khatri-So1ll'QSht1'8o ." 840 .. 456 384 31 Konkani t 714 395 319 32 Latin 8 3 33 Mahl/Maldiman/MaMup 3 3 34 MalaN Malay IM ataya/ Malayan 2 2 35 Malaya-lam 67,570 40,129 21,441 36 Maltese 2 2 37 Mo,uipuri/Meithei 1 I 38 Marathi 2,604 1,305 1,299 39 Marwari 105 73 32 40 Mountadeuohetty .. t .. .t 40 1& 11 ., 4J Nawait t t' 2 2 42 Nepali " 129 114 15 43 Onya II .. 4 3 1 305 ; C V-LANGUAGE (MOTliER TONGUE) (URBAN)-(eonclcl.) Tota' urban popuJation-(concld.) ~------~ , 8erial number and mother.tonpue Per,~on3 Male8 Femal61 44 Persian 17 8 ~ 45 Punjabi 217 129 as 46 Rajasthani 12 10 2 ~7. Roman* 4- 4 48 Sanskrit ., 15 11 4- 49 Sindhi 1,005 523 482- 50 Spanish 3 3 51 Sudanese 4 4 52 Swe4i8h , .. 1 ] 53 Tamil 638,093 328,619 309,474 M TeJugu If .. II 00 207,015 104.834 102,181 55 Tulu 476 276 200 56 Turki.5hfTurkWani 1 1 ot 57 Urali a 3 58 Urdu 27,879 14~494 13,3~ 59 Valluva moll '* t .. 3 2 NOTE.-Mother.tongue printed in italics belong to countries outside the Indian Sub·Continent. '* Means tha.t the mClther-tongue is unclassified in Linguistic SUl'Vey of India. t Means that the mother-tongue though classified in Linguistic Survey of India is either tentatively reclassifiad or cOWiidered unclassifiable by the Linguist. :lit Mean!! th~t the mother.tongue is unclassified by Gierson but is tentatively clWfied by the Lin~ 0-39 C VII-RELIGIOI FLY LEAF Table C VII presents the Principal Religions by Locality and Sex brea.k-up 307 eVIl-RELIGION Name of religions (arranged in alphabetioal order) Total Bhuddi.st Ohristian Dit"ia/ rtJl.1e r- ,-..-.- __;.._--..., Persons Males Female,~ .Males Femal88 Males Female (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) All Rural areas 2,525,302 1,274,800 1,250,502 1 15,947 16,045 \ 1 Bhave.ni taluk .• 229,787 116,861 112,926 1,223 1,23() 2 Gopichettipalayam talut 349,086 175,309 173,777 1,971 2,17& 3 Erode taluk 408,268 206,491_\ 201,772 1,971 2,13() 4 Dharapuram taluk 299,856 150,470 149,386 1 4,987 5,047 6, Palla dam taluk 283,176 141,532 141,644 2,571 2,523 6 Avanashi taluk 228,876 116,012 Il2,8M 670 584 7 Coimbatore taluk 286,676 148,030 138,646 1,369 1,344 8 Pollachi taluk •. 247,243 123,802 123,441 499 475 9 Udumalpet taluk 192,334 96,288 96,046 686 527 All Urban areas 1,032,169 534,79l 497,378 8 4 30,217 29,881) Name of religians (arranged in alphabetical order)-(contd.) Hindu Jain . Jew Mwilim ,...... -.-~- ---"- ,--.A..__ -, Di3trictJTaluk Malee Females lllales Females Males Female8 Mares Femalcs (9) (to) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) All Rural areas 1,244,752 1,221,505 8 6 14,038 12,893 . 1 Bhavani taluk .• 114,591 110,683 1,045 I,OO() 2 Gopichettipal~ya.m ta-luk 171,306 169,771 2,028 1,830 3 Erode ta,luk .. 203,118 198,357 5 6 1,395 1,271 " Dharapuram taluk 143,374 142,090 2,085 2,232 5 Palladam taluk 138,104 137,958 852 I,as 6 Avanashi truuk 114,555 111,572 1 777 699 7 Coimbatore taluk 145,337 136,494 2 1,318 80S S pollaehi truuk 121,7~2 121.477 1,511 1,4oSIt 9 Udumalpet taluk 92,575 93,103 3.027 2,41& All Urban area.s 465,109 433,647 310 188 38,968 33,521 Name of religions (arranged in alphabetical order)~(eoI1cld.) .- Sikh Zarastrian I nrl p.finile heliej8 Religians not stated ,---~ ,...-----J'-,..., - ---. ,--__.______, District/Tctluk MaiM Femal€.~ 11alell Females Males Females Males Females (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) All Rural MUS 17 24 37 29 \ Bhavani taluk 2 4 2 Gopichettipalayarn taluk. 1 3 3 Erode taluk 1 13 8 4: Dharapuram tal1ik 1 22 17 5 Palladrun taluk 4: 15 1 6 Avanashi ·taluk 9 9 7 Coimbatore taluk 1 ., .. .. 3 •• .. S PoUo.chi taluk ,. •• .. • • ... 9 Udumalpet taluk - All Urban areas •• 84 51 9 7 86 75 C-39A C VIII-SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES-CLASSIFICATION BY LITERACY AND INDUSTRIAL CATEGORY BY WORKERS AND NON· WORKERS FLY LEAF Table 0 VIII has two parts·Part A dealing with Scheduled Oastes and Part B dealing with Scheduled Tribes. They give the distribution according to industrial cate gories of workers and non ..workers classified on the basis of their educational standards. 309 C VIII-SCHEDULED .CASTES AID SCHEDULED TRIBES PA~T A-CLASSIFICATION BY LITiRACY AND INDUSTRIAL CATEGORY OF WORKERS AND NON-WORKERS AMONG SCHEDULED CASTES Total population Illiterate Literate and Total wor~r8 educated persot18 DistrktJ'l'aluk PefSOrLl1 }\[ales PemaleB Males l'emales Male8 Females Malea Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) All RuraJ areas 402,199 203,342 198,857 182,984 194,757 . 20,358 4,100 134,541 89,552 I ~havani taluk ., 36,981 19,207 . 17,7.74 17,108 17,366 2,099 408 12,684 S,030 2 ~Gopichettipalayam 58,779 29,495 29,284 26,790 28,756 2,705 528 19,254 11,383 'aluk 3 Erode taluk 59,856 30,167 29,689 26,995 29,069 3,172 620 19,922 1~,025 4 DhBl'apura~ taiLlk 40,870 20,671 20,199 19,069 19,872 1,602 327 14,498 10,131 5 Pe.llsdam tsluk .. 43,914: 22,200 21,714 20,404 21,305 1,796 ' 409 14,735 9,307 6 Ava.nashi talnk .. 37,125 19,052 18,073 17,823 17,915 1,229 158 12,541 6,400 7 Coimbatore t&luk 47,152 23,737 23,415 19,801 22,414 3,936 1,001 , e 15,128 11,241 8 PollBChi trunk ., 43,201 21,737 21.464 19,763 21,066 1,974 398 14,459 10,314 9 Udumalpct taluk 34,321 17,076 17,245 15,231 16,994 1,845 261 1l,320 8)721 All UrbaB areas 130,793 66,323 64,470 45,194 58,153 21,129 6,317 36,819 23,240 . JVarkerB .A. ___ ------""'1 I II III IV V AB Oultif1aWr As Agricultural In Mining At HaU8elwlri In Manufacturing Diatrict/Taluk LtWouref' quarrying, Industry otkr than hOUBehald etc, Industry Males Femalu Malts Ftmalel Malu Femalu Males Femalu Mal« Femalu (1) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (IS) (19) (20) All Rural areu 11,479 5,371 68,401 37,041 4,577 1,766 6,617 2,671 ' 4,888 570 1 Bhava.ni taluk ,. 1,561 901 5,644 3,134 120 63 619 269'· 100 7 2 GopichettipalaylUIl 3,748 1,301 7,372 3,224 705 316 590 200 254 18 taluk 3 Erode tllluk 1,8%8 1,221 9,497 7,060 593 312 1,860 434' . 932 5& 4: Dharapuram taluk 926 427 5,588 2,977 922 435 1,733 871 158 21 5 Palladam taluk .. 362 189 8,008 5,167 868 197 587 288 610 83 6 Avanae'hi taInt " 1,274 2U 6,533 2,751 352 166 383 }65 ' 101 39 7.. Coimbatore taluk 488 107 6,332 4,076 419 90 203 94 2,358 283 8 Pollachi taluk . , 252 171 8,818 5,068 184 55 414 235' , 104 10 ~ Udumalpet talllk 1,040 780 5,609 3,584 414 132 228 115 215 63 All Urban areas 330 155 5,106 3,352 10,213 9.354 635 313 6,001 1,181 Workera-(concld.} r---~--.--~------VI VII VIn IX x In Trade and In Transport, storage. Distriet/Taluk In Oonstruction Oommerce (lnd Oommvniootio1l In Other Services Non-worker Males Female8 MalclJ Femalea Male8 Femal6$ Malea Female8 Males Femalu (1) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) All Rural areas 896 522 515 210 373 8 41,851 41,898 68,801 109,305. 1 Bhavani taluk ., 36 15 37 14 15 4,552 3,627 6,523 9,744 2 GQpichettipalayam 46 11 6i 40 HI 6,462 6,273 '10,241 17,901 till uk 3 Erode taluk 123 74 102 20 91 4,896 4,846 10,245 15,664 4 Dharapuram talnk 63 49 75 31 11 5,022 " 5,318 6,173 10,068 5 Pallada.m taluk ., 131 68 ,59 13 34 1 4,076 3,301' 7,465 12,407 6 Avanashi taluk .. 60 17 52 13 26 - 3,760 2,976 6,511 11,673 7 Coimbatore taluk' 200 46 50 51 101 3 4,977 ., 6,491 8,609 Hl,174 8 Pollachi taluk , . 132 71 50 11 57 I 4,448 ' • 4,692 7,278 11,150 9 Uduma.ipet taluk 105 171 29 17 22 1 3,658 3,868 5,756 8,524 An Urban areas 928 586 728 302 1,399 105 11,479 7,943 29,504 41,230 310 C VIII-SCHEDULED CASTBS ABD SOHEDULED TRIBES PART B-CL¥SIFICATION BY LITERACY AND INDUSTRIAL CATEGORY OF WORKERS AN)) NON·WORKERS AMONG SCHEDULED TRIBES Literate and Total population Illiterate educated per80rt8 Tolalll'Orkera District} Taluk r------~~-----I r-~-~------) I~----" PerSOn8 Malell Females Mares Females Moles Females .Males Female8· (1) (2) (3) ~4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) All Rural areas 18,082 9,235 8,847 8,584 8,671 651 176 5,277 3,259 1 Bhavani taluk " 488 259 229 2fl9 229 I 181 111 :2 Gopichettipalayaru 5,830 2,951 2,879 2,839 2,830 112 49 1,795 1,09~ taluk. 3 Erode taluk .. 8 5 3 3 1 2 2 5 . 3 4 Dharapuram talllk. 7 3 4 1 3 2 1 1 11 Palladam taluk •• 38 25 13 24 12 1 1 15 7 6 A\'-anashi taluk .. 7,2401 3,6B3 3,558 3,331 3,489 352 69 2,005 1,168 7 Coimbatore talllk. 3,602 1,862 1,740 1,734 - 1,709 128 31 986 633 8 Pollachi taluk " 819 424 395 373 372 51 23 269 227 9 Udumo,lpet taluk. 49 23 26 20 26 3 , 18 13 All Urban areas 0,. 2,061 1,078 983 991 946 87 37 666 448 , ______. __ __..A_.Workers __ _ I II III IV \' I~ .Manufacturing A8 Agricultural In Mining, At Household other than hOl/sehold As Oultivator Labourer quarrying, etc Industry indust1'$' ,.--___')._'_---., District/Taluk ,-.A.-.. I~--.,. Males FemalM Males FeT/1(J,les ],Iales Femalc8 Males Females ~IallJ8 Femalea; (1) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (I7) (18) (J9) (20) ~ll Rural areas .. 2,304 1,303 1,714 1,148 326 82 95 59 1 1 Bhavani tal uk • " llO 58 47 33 3 .. 2 GopichettipaJayam 857 501 458 227 143 37 1 taluk. 3 Erode taluk ...... 4: Dharapuram taluk. .. 1 5 Palladam taluk " 6 6 Avanashi tlloluk " 861 486 672 412 42 7 78 58 I 1 7 Coimhatore taluk. 463 248 468 385 15 8 Pollachi taluk •• .0 69 In 132 3S 9 1:'dumalpet talnk. 13 10 All Urban areas 8 2 278 166 129 121 1 W(Jrkers-( conoId.) r------~------A-~----____ -~- .. --~ VI VII VIII IX x In Trade and In Transport, Storage In Gonstr-uction Gomm~rct and Communication In Other Servi.ea Nrm·workers ,------"---, ,.--_..A \ Di8trictfTalu1c r--~ r--~ Males Female!! Males Females Males Females Male8 Female& Malett Females: (1 ) (21) (22) (23) (2~1 (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) All Rural areas 14 8 5 817 658 3,958 5,588 1 Bhavani taluk .• 21 20 78 118 2 GopichettipaJayam 1 335 333 1,156 1,780' taluk. 3 Erode t&luk 3 4, Dharapuram talu~. .. 2 3 7 5 Pa.lladam taluk .• 7 ... .~. 2 l() 6 6 Avanlloshi taluk .. 7 3(4, 204 1,678 2,aQ{t 7 Coimbatore tlduk. .. or • .. 40 876 1,107 S Pollaohi taluk •• - 68 93 155 16S 9 Udumalpet taluk. 5 3 5 l:J All Vrban ~II 15 10 8 11 1 226 138 412 SCT; SC AND ST SERIES (Special tables for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) SCT I-PARTS A AND' B-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS AID HON'~ , WORKERS BY SEX POR SCHEDULED CASTES AID SCHEDULED ,TRIBBS FLY LEAF This table presents the total number of workers classified into \he nine industrial categories and non·workers (for each sex) for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Coimbatore District. Part A of this table relates to Scheduled Castes and Pa.rt B to Sche~ duled Tribell. Each of these parts is in two sections, one for rural and another for urban areas. The workers ,have been classified into the following nine indus1irial c,ategories 38 in the tables for the general population :-1. As Cultivator; JI. AI Agricultll1'al Labourer; hI. In Mining, Quarrying, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting, Plantations, Orchards and allied activities; IV. At Household Industry; V. In Manufacturing other' than Ho~e. hold Industry; VI. In Construction; VII. In Trade and Commerce; VIII. In Transport. Storage and Commumcationa and IX. In Other Services. For the definition of the concept of .worker and each of the above mentioned classes of workers, & reference is invited to the volume, Census of India, 1961 Ma.dras, Part n.B. Fly leaves in the form of statements have been given showing the population of each Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe in the rural and urban areas of the district. Part A.-The total number of Scheduled Castes in the State according to the President's List is 79. In Coimbatore District, however, 30 Scheduled Castes have been retUrned 'in this Census. The Castes which have been decla.red as Scheduled Castes in Coimbatore and Salem Districts only are Pannadi and Vathiriyan. The persons who ha.ve been returned under the generic names of Scheduled Castes and Harijans have been grouped and shown as Ie Unclassified". The number of workers in the two special occupations" Tanning and currying of hides and skins" and U Scavenging" for each Scheduled Caste has also been given in columns 27 to 30. Part B.-According to the President's list, the number of Scheduled Tribes in the Staio is 4:2. In Coimbatore District, 10 tribes have been returned in this Census. The pe1'80ni who have been returned under the generio names of Soheduled Tribes, Adivasis, e~c.. ha.ve been grouped and shown as U Unclassified. " . . 0-40 314: SCHEDULED CASTES (POPULATION) Tota! populatWn ~~--~·~~~~--~------1 Stl'iiU fttmtber lmd 1'Illme 'of Scheduled Ga,ste . Per8on/! Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) ALL RURAL ARE.lS Total .. 4<02,199 203,342 198,857 1 Adi.Andhra 812 au 301 2 Adi."KamfJ.taka j.' 829 I8! . 14:7 3 Bakudllo.. ." 22 IS 9 4 Bandi II I 5 5 Chakkiliyan .. " 277,415 aO,l17 137,29S 6 Chol'UID.8n 354 184 170 7 Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 33 14 19 8 Roleys • 0 •• 897 442 455 9 Kuravan, Sidh&nu 9,523 4,686 4,837 10 Madari •.. 22.660 11,254 1l,406 11 Madiga .. 485 234. 251 12 Moger 11 11 13 Nayadi .. ~5 15 30 . 14 Pagadai 2· 2 15 Pallan 28,865 14,876 13,989 16 Panchoma 1 1 17 Pannadi .. 6,102 3,113 2,'389 18 Panni61ldi 135 74 61 19 ParaiY61l, Parayan (Sambavar) 95,923 18,023 17,000 20 Puthirai Yannan 43 . 12 31 21 Thoti 969 497 472 22 Valluvan •• 3.459 1,766 1.69S 23 Unclassified .. .. 14,308 " '1,521 8,781 1. BHAVANI TALux: Total 86.981 19,207 17,774, 1 Bakuda .. 22 13 9 2 Ohakkiliyan !5,809' 13,216 12,593 3 Kuravlm, Sidhanar 1,750 806 944 4: PaUan 1,000 513 487 5 Pannadi .. 130 68 62 (I Panniandi 30 22 8 7 Paraiyan, PaI'ayan (Sambe,va.r) 5,637 2,770 "·2,867 8 Puthirai Yannan 32 12 20 9 Thoti 172 75 97 10 VaUuvlm o. 384 187 197 11 UnclllSsified 2,015 l,li2~ 490 2. GorICBETTII'ALA"fA)!: TALUK TO'81 .. 58,779 29,495 29,284 I 329 Adi·Karnataka .. 182• 147 2 Chakkiliyan 31,857 19,090 18,767 3 IIoleys ., 897 (!2 456 4: 1{uravan, Sidhttnar 3,051 1,538 1,512 Q Madari .. 927 477 450 6 Madiga .. 338 162 176 7 Fallan 4:,503 2,252 2,251 S Pannadi .. 1,070 559 511 9 Panniandi 84- 43 41 10 Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 7,539 6,6~2 3,847 11 Puthira.i Va.nnan 11 II 12 Thoti 110 35 75 13 Valluvan 400 ilOO 200 14 Unclassified 1,663 382 840 '315 . ,SCHEDULED CASTES (POPULATIOlf),-{Wifa) Total population Serial fiumb~r muJ" name oj Scheciul..ed Oaste, PerBontt. Mal~8 Females (1) (2) (3) (4) 3. EP.ODE TALUi: Total . . ... 59,856 30,t67 89,689 I Adi·Andhrll. IS 6 1.2 ¥ 2: Bandi " ., 6 1 5 3 Chakkiliyaq 44,663 22,702 21,g61 1,371 680 ~ Kuravan,, SidhlJl"j 691 5 MadBri " 798 400 398 6 Maruga " 25 8 17 7PaJI!U1 , , 3,333 1,653 1,680 i Panchama 1 I (I Pa.nnadi . ,. 2,540 1,282 1,258 10 Panniandi 21 9 12 11 P~OLiyan. Paraye.n (Satnbavar) 6,829 2,813 3,016 12 Thoti 89 46 43 13 Valluvan .' 437 226 211 U UnclaBsified 725 34,0 385 4. I>!ww>UR.UI TALUI: Total .. 40,870 9D,671 20,199 1 Adi.Andhra 250 114 136 .t 19,415 2 Chakkiliyan '. ' 9,906 9,509 3 I{uravan, Si~han&r 713 351 356 4: Madari , , 9,186 4,566 4,621) _ 5FB~ 4,015 2,060 1,055 6 Par&yan, Par&yan (&mbavar) 2,014 1,082 93,3 '1 Thpti 46 21 25 8 Valluyan., ... 258 133 125 o Unclassified f' 4,973 2,432 2;541 .. I G. P.u..r..ADAX TALUX Total .. 43,914 ~2,200 12,714 ! Adi a, Av.ufAS:Bl T~UB; Total .. 37,125 19,052 18,073 1 Cbakkiliyan ,,, .. 31,460 16,043 15,417 .2 Doni, Dombara. Paidi or Pano 32 13 i9 3 Kutavan, Sidbanar 680 310 . 370 · , 4: Ma.dilltl .. .. • • 109 53 56 .2 6 Pa&~ai ., , . " .2 2,521 SPallan .. .. .f' " 1,486 1,035 1 pa.iina.di •• •• •• , . 725 337 388 8 Pat6iyan, Parayan (Sambavl'l') 1,352 688 664 9 Th~ti .. .,' .. 23 10 13 10 Vall)Jvan •• " 147 77 70 11 Unclassified .. , . 74 35 39 C-40A " 316 SCHEDULED CASTES (POPULATlON)-(oontd)' Ptr8O'M Males (I) (2) (3) if, ConmATORJl TiLUX Total ...... 47,152 33,737 23,415 I ChakkiliylUl ., I • 32,216 15,986 16,230 2 Kuravlm, Sidhanar 380 19~ 19S S Madan .. ',04:9 1,818 2,231 4 Madiga · . 13 II Z (I Moger ., , 11 11 6 Nayadi ·. 16 16 '1 Pa,1lan 4,~ 2,201 1.863 8 Pa.nnadi .. 1,126 62() 506 9 Paraiya.n, Parayan (Sambavar) 3,721 2,100 1,6.n II) Thoti 16 i) 11 11 VeJlUVIm ., 395 231 1M 12 Unclassified 1,140 56t 571 8, POLUCH! TAL(l'][ Toial · . 48,a01 21.781 21,464 1 Chakkiliyan 29,949 15,024 14,925 2 Chel'l1m3ll 354 184 I7Q 3 Dom, Dombara., Paidi or Pano 1 1 4 Kuravan, Sidhanar 577 %97 280 .5 Madari ·. 2,548 1,37~ 1,170 6 Nayadi .. " . 29 15 , 14 7 Pallan .. 1,984 978 1,006 8 Paraiyl\Jls Parayan (Sambavar) ,. 3,907 1,938 1.96Q 9 Thou 326 HIS 15S 10 ValluvAn .. 384 192 19.2 11 Unelasli.fied S,U! l.662 1.- 9. UDU)(ALPJlT Tuux Total .. 84,821 11.076 17,245 I Chakkiliyan 23,~4 11,483 11,531 ! Kuravan, Sidhanar 466 239 227 3 Pallan .. 5,419 2,710 ' 2,709 .. Panne.di .. 215 98 lIT Ii Paraiyan, Para.yan (Sambavar) ., 3,878 1,928 UliO 6 Thoti 169 U4 4:1 7 ValluVIm .• 934 450 "S{ fI UnclaSflified " .. 183 54 lJO 311 SCHEDULED CASTES (POPULATIOI)~(ooncW). Total~ 8ff'itsl Mmbtr and Mm~ of Seh~dUkd Oaate Per801+8 MalM F8malu (II (II (3) • (4) ALL UUAN Au.. , Total .. 180,793 66,S9S 64,470 I Adi·Andhra 134: 85 .f:t 2 Adi.Dravida. 15,620 8,009 7,611 3 Adi·Karnata.ks .: • 523 27! MD • Arunthathiyar .. 15,031 7,610 7,421 5 Chakkiliyan 38,380 19.208 1Q,l72 6 Cheruman 198 911 97 7 DevendraktUatihan 2,476 952 1,524 8 Dom, DombQl'8, Paidi or Pano .56 172 184 II Oodd& .. S , 4: 10 Kudumb~ 2,776 1,487 1,289 11 Kuravan, Sidhe.nar 2,234 .•,174 1,060 12 Madari ., ft,894 3,457 3,4.37 13 Madiga ,. 5 1i 14 Kavilan 5 2 3 15 Nayadi " 4: 16 Pagadai 3 S " 17 Pallan 18,176 8,468 7,708 18 Pannadi " 3,806 1,928 1,878 19 PlUlIliandi ,., 278 144 1M 20 Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 17,897 9,120 8,777 21 l'uthirai Vannan 74 .4.4 30 22 Sa.mban ., '8 39 9 23 Thoti 559 260 299 24 TIruvalluvM' li3c) 343 187 25 VaUUVM" 2,261) .,103 1.16S 16 Unolaa8i1ied 4,515 2.3~8 1.177 I 319 SCHEDULED TIUBES'· (POPULATION)-{eoneld.} All urban areas NCJme of Scheduled Tribe ~ P~r8fYM Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4.) Total .. 2,061 1,078 983 1 hula.. 143 68 75 2 Kadar 192 J02 \)0 , ~ Kattunayakan 12 7 5 4 Kprumaus .. 3 . 1 i ;3 Malasal' 1,387 ' 751 636 6 Sholaga 47 21 26 j 7 Tod4 1 .. ~ .. , , i Unclassified 276 U7 149 320 ...... o !...... . c .e-:I '(l) . .., QC . ..; ~~~..,~~; ct m 1"'"110('1':1 ..... t- ('I':I~ : ..... ~~~~g::!:~ 10 O:l ..... co:IOIO ~ ,.; ~_. ,.: -0'" •...... 10 ...... ~ : t ...,jI .N . , 'e¢ o 01 M .... 'ii o -~ 0-41 322 \ ....c 323 ) ~' ••• IeO .~ . ... S4' '~CI:I ....~ . !' ...... !O . ~ .-. o ,~ ...... C"I ,~ ·10 o CQ' co • 10 C\l1 '10 ~ C-41A 3U '1N.,jIt.CtOOl~ Ol "";jI 0 --:.~ ..... r 'IN ...... , , 0 1 •• -d ~l o () o 0 • ,M~.,jIOlO"'" 'IN ..... W IN ...... ,..; .1"""'1 • t- o • o t~ ...... ~ ~ ..... I • .. (i ~ ~ i8 : : :.,.; • • • t • Q) --- ~ ...... 1 o •• I ~::l l~ --- 3J~ r '1"'4 M -.ji 1:'1 r~ 1:'1 Q) i~i] 00 .... I .... -. ~ CI OJ ~ e-:J 1:'1 010 Ij co eo .... M 00 >0 .g t::.eQ =: '1"'4 Ii) '" i~ ... IE C'l M ~·"'d-.q . ..,~ - .;'~ Ii) .., ~ (~ ~ .:.! '" ·:s i: "(3 'Il ~ ~ ,5' t.:1~ .. ~ :;!'':: ~ I,) "-4 ;e .... e'" "-4' .. ~.~ .. 11~ ., ~ ..... 'OJ! eo') ..... lQ t- ..... 'Il~ eo') 0 ;e ~ 0 'OjI "-4~ ~I~ ~~'" .... 10 .. C!) -I ...... ~ ~ tl 'If! I:l 1:'1 til ~''l e Ij ~ ~.;~ Ol ..j( I' r.tJ C ~ ~~ J'z1 lit"" ~ ~ ~ IQ ~ ~;~~~ ~ ...... 1-4 ;l ;! C I:l ..... ~ C)I .l:t1 ~~ I>,) 00 1:'1 t- M M ~ 'Il . M il,",I:l " FLY LEAF #I This table furnishes the marital status of Scheduled Casfies and Scheduled Tribes in the' district by broad age groups. Part A relates to Scheduled Castes and Part B to Scheduled Tribes. For age groups 0 to 14, 15 to 44, and 45 and above and forthe total population, the number of persons of each seX coming under the categories I' Never married ", "Married 1', " Widowed ", "Divorced/Separated" and "Unspecified status "has been given. This table also furnishes the number of males and females in each of these three age·groups. The table has not been prepared separately for rural and urban areas. According to Census definition, age refers to the number of completed years of age, Le.,. the age on the last birth day before 1st March 1961. "Never Married" refers to a person who has not at any time entered into the state of matrimony. A person is regarded as " Married" if he is recognised by custom or society to be a married person or has been married in accordance with any religious rites or by registration or according to any custom or form of marriage recognised by his community o~ is in stable dejaota union and has not been widowed or divorced. A person is regarded as widowed if he or she has lost his or her spouse by death but has not remarried. A person is said to be "Divorced" who after marital ties having been severed by law or custom, either social or religious or by mutual consent, hlS not been remarried. A person who has been separated from wife or husband and is Ii v~ng . apart with no intention of living together again is regarded as "separated". ,827 ."/ . . . """~~~>C~ ~ .... ~""o ,""OO~OO"" e-1" ~ 32B .. . . . , . . ,...... • • . . .. • • • • It '..-I .. ,...... • • • • • .s • <:tI • CI') , • ell . . . '.-I . , ., • 10- ...... '<:'1 .~ ... •• 0 " ~" • IQ .. •• P'II : ~~. • eo). '1"'4 c-t<:'lc)CIl~IO<:'It'ot'o""eo OOdlCl.-l.-l It) .-IC'lQfD.-I IN ~.. aQ 00 ( , i ...... • t:-l , . '.. . . " .. . 00" .(1) IN • """ '. 000 I ,. I I ~ '" j I:! J! 1 ~ '.00 "':(1'0 • .0 ~ o 00 C'I """ ..... I!r,l ['010 C'I "'I lQeo ...... Ol 1""1['0 IN (X) ci 10" I . : C-42 330 _. . .• .• (I ~ . . . · .... • eo """ i:") rII • ,10, .,...... ,~ , a.:i' • ['0 • r-- o .-I .- . ..· eo('o~Ol;o~~I.C~i:") ' I i i l C-42A 332 110 • • • • . \ ....o ...... , . .', " . . " ....00 "~ .... ~ ~ 00 IO,~ ~ ! C'I ..... O'l , 1.? ~ OC1)\o",~~~.,jI. ~ 0:> ~ ,...... "II< (C~ ~ C-I rofll...... ~ l -....tIS 'iii... '0 o ·FooI • E-4 333 I" I~ 2 I tl :!. I~ L .~ . """ .(0 ~lO::t!~ • 1."': , I · .... f1 • ,""-C'f:l I~ I .l ,~ , tl ,I~ • 1!1 ... 0 (J) -.:Ii L"='''' 'III!!... o 00...... ~ l~ ..... IXJO!N...... ~ .~ to- O:O,..., ...... jI<:C~ .... ·1:\1 II) ~!N 0 .... "":. 0 ..... M "" o ... O"!j(!NrotO ..... 00 ~ 1;'1 <:Il ~ o:t:. ,l'" ... o ... "" 834 III r ~ <::l ~l ~ <:) ";:! I ~ ~ III "Cl $'" 8 i "" ~ ""~_, b ~ i 5 r ~ ~ 5't! l ~'" -.. ~ H) .... ~ ~~ I!l ! 11) ._8 J fIl II • . =; i '00 . . to4 ~ e Q ~ ~ Je 8 l . . . rI1 1 t- .. -10 @ ~ '-" =Q 111 & tr: ~ e . , . . til f i Ii" ~ ~ P 'tI til ~ Ii:, to4 'E ~ ~ ~ -.. 0< 1.'":1 fioI e ~ ~ i= Q 'tj .... ., '" FLY LEAF This table gives the literacy and educational levels of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled 'Tribe~ in the district in rural and urban areas separately. Part A of this table relates to urban areas and Part B to rural areas. Part A has two sections, Part' A (i) for Scheduled Castes and Part A (ii) for Scheduled lribcs. Similarly Part B (i) concerns for Scheduled Castes ?lnd Part B (ii} for Scheduled Tribes. A person is considered to be literate if he is able to read and write. In the urban 1ill.ble, ie., Part A, the following educational levels have been given :- 1. Primary or Junior Basic 2. Matriculation or Higher Secondary 3. Technical diploma not equal to degree 4. Non-technioal diploma not equal to degree 5. University degree or post-graduate degree other than technical degree 6. Technical degree or diploma equal to degree or post graduate degree In the rural table (Part B), however, the educational levels given are " Primary or .Junior Basic" and II Matriculation and above ", 338 SCT. III PART A (i)-EDUCATION IN URBAlf EdulJI1.tion level3 Serial number and ToUll Illirerat~ Literate (without educa· Primary or Junior name of Scheduled GCUltes tionallevel) . Basic ~. .1l:fale8 Females Males Female!? Males Females Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total .. 66,323 64,470 45,193 58,153 15,678 4,708 4,822. 1,52' 1 Adi·Andhra 85 49 57 47 20 1 8 1 2 Adi·Dravida. 8,009 7,6Il 4,497 6,516 2,487 160 917 322- 3 Adi·Karnataka 274 249 121 155 82 59 59 33- 4 Arunthathiyar 7,610 7,421 5,632 6,929 1,352 334 577 151 .5 Chakkiliyan •• 19,208 19,172 15,963 18,455 2,554 581 631 131 6 Cheruman •• 99 97 86 94 10 3 3 7 Devendrakulathan 952 1,524 391 1,339 442 148 97 36- 8 Dom, Dombara, Paidi 172 184 140 181 28 3 4 or Pano 9 Godda 4 4, 2 4 1 1 10 Kudumban .. 1,487 1,289 665 1,176 691 89 III 21 11 Kuravan, Sidhanar.- 1,174 1,060 698 880 266 93 191 8(- 12 Madari 3,457 3,437 2,901 3,105 457 313 89 18, 13 Madiga - I) 5 14 Mavilan .. 2 3 2 2 1 15 Nayadi 4 4, 16 Pallan - 8,468 7,708 4,958 6,555 2,607 841 769 288 17 Pannadi - 1,928 1,878 977 1,513 659 274 261 87 18 Pagadai - 3 ... 3 19 Panniandi - .. 144 134 106 134 30 8 20 Paraiyan, Parayan 9,120 8,777 5,719 7,823 2,736 761 593 183: {Sambavar) 21 Puthirai Vannan .• 44 30 27 29 15 1 2 22 Samban .. 39 9 38 8 5 1 1 23 Thoti - 260 299 227 282 24 13 9 4 24 Tiruvalluvar 343 187 105 143 158 24 59 2()- 25 Valluvan - .. 1,103 1,162 453 972 343 123 274 64 26 Unclassified - 2,338 2,177 1,435 1,804- 709 284 155 81} 387 AREAS OILY FOR SCHEDULED CAST~S .ducational level.-(concld.) Univer8ity Ikgree or Tec!r,tf,i(,al dtgm Matriculation or T~nical diploma NQn-tMhniea! PCMt-gf'OOoote or DiplorM efUIJI High~r S.olJ'lldary nat equal to degree diploma not equal ~egru olfle, ,halt to rlegres or 10 degnl$ t.clmical degree PM-graduate ~ ~ ~ Males Ftmalti Male.a FemaZel/ Matti Ftmalu Malu l'tmal" (10) (11) (12) (13) (U) (15) (11) (17) (18) (19) 607 1 19 3 1 105 13 3 I! I 1 47 7 2 60 5 .. 22 1 20 3 17 3 2 10 c-,s 338 SOT III-PART A (il) EDUCATION IN URBAN AREAS ONLY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES .Edttcationallev~l.~ Literate (without Primary or Junior ~erial nwmber and namt Total Illiterate educational level) Basw oj Scheduled T'I'ibea Males Female8 Males Females _ilfales Females Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (3) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total .. 1,078 983 991 946 77 34 10 3 i Irulsr ,. 68 75 29 60 36 15 3 2 Kadar 102 90 81 77 20 10 3 3 Kattunayakan 7 5 6 5 1 4 K1.ll'l1IllaIl.S •• 1 2 2 1 5 MalaBar 751 636 747 635 3 1 fi Sholaga 2l 26 19 26 2 7 Toda 1 8 UnclaSilified 127 149 109 141 16 8 2 EducationaZlevels-(concld) r- .A. '1 University degree Te.chnica,l degree or Mat1ieulation or Technical Diploma N on-tecknioal or Post-graduate dipwma equal to Higher Secondary . not equal to diploma not equal degree other tlw.n degree or POBt- degree to degree technical degree graduate degree . ~ Males Femalea ' M(Jlea Females Mciles :Females Males Femalea Males Females (10) (ll) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) Total __ ·1 lrular 2 Kadar .. •• ... 3 Kattunayakan ...... :... 4 Kuruman8 .. - 5 lIal&Sar § Sholaga .. ., .. \ - 7 Tocla .. , - 8 Unclasaified .. - 339 SCT III-PART B (i) EDUCATION I,M RURAL AREAS ONLY FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Educatwrw,llevels Literate (without Serial number and name Tot41 Illiterate educatioMllevel) Primary or Junior J!atrieulatit.n of $rhBcluled Ga8tes 'Basio and above . ,..---A----,. r,..L ___A'-_---.., Male8 Females Males Females Males Females Males Fema!e8 Males Female, . (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Total .. 203,342 198,857 182,984 194,757 16,040 3,243 3,821 810 497 47 1 Adi·Andhra 311 301 300 298 11 3 2 Adi·Karnata.ka. 182 .14:7 180 147 2 3 Bakuda 13 9 12 9 1 4: Bandi 1 5 3 I 1 I 5 Chakkiliyan 140,117 137,298 133,158 135,972 6,852 1,160 1,017 164 90 2 6 Cheruman 184- 170 180 170 4: 7 Dom, Dombara, 14 19 14 19 " . Paidi or P81lo. 8 Holeya 04,42 ' 4fi5 397 454- 35 1 9 1 9 Kuravan, Sidhanar ' 4,686 4,837 3,191 4,517 1,128 235 323 79 44, 6 10 Madari 11,254- 11,406 10,683 11,283 497 115 71 7 3 1 11 Madiga 234 251 215 246 10 ,ri 9 12 Moger II II 13 Nayadi 15 30 15 30 14 Pagadlli 2 2 15 Patlan ... 14,376 13,989 11,534 13,423, .2,660 452 573 lO7 l()9 7, 16 Panchama .. 1 1 17 Pannadi 3,113 2,989 2,442 2,911 50li. 67 153 10 12 1 18 Panniandi .. 74 61 70 61 3 I 19 Paraiyan, Parayan 18,023 17,900 12,549 16,525 3,996 962 1,288 389 24 (Sambavar) 20 Puthirai Yannan .. 12 31 12 30 1 21 Thoti 497 472 435 46l 51 8 11 3 22 Valluvan .. 1,766 1,693 853 1,549 716 lIS 179 25 18 I 23 Unclassified 7,527 6,781 6,744 6,636 568 115 185 25 30 5 SCT Ill-PART B (il) EDUCATION IN RURAL AREAS ONLY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES EduootionaJ le1!els ~ 8erial number and ta.ame Powl l11iterat Literate (without Prima'Y 0'" Junior Matriaulation and of Scheej-ulerJ Tribes educatwnallevel) Ba.ri() abooe ,---_.... _-- ,..~ Males Female.! Males Females Males l'emales Male3 Females, Mal68 Female3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (to) (Il) Total .. 9,235 8,847 8,584 8,671 542 149 109 27 I Irular 5,328 5,127 4,854 5,028 385 84 89 15 2 Kadar 56 39 51 37 5 2 3 Kammara .. 17 S 11 3 6 .. 4 Kattunayakan. 5 3 3 1 2 I) Kurumons .. 5 9 3 7 2 2 6 Mudugar or Muduvan 14 14 10 14 4 7 Malasar 305 307 260 289 41 17 1 8 Pulayan 23 23 22 20 1 3 ... - .. 9 8holaga 2,988 2,915 2,SS7 2,866 86 39 15 10- - IOUnclas.oWled ' 494 i02 483 401 10 1 1 - - C-43A SCT IV-RELIGION FOB SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES FLY LEAF This table gi\'es the number of persons belonging to different religions among Soheduled Castel!! and Scheduled Tribes. P~rt A of this table relates to Scheduled Castes a.nd Pa.rt B to Scheduled Tribes. ~OT. IV-Part A.-Scheduled Ca.stes are found only among the Hindus and Sikhs. In this district only one person ha,~ been returned as belonging io Sikh among the Scheduled Caste population. The remaining persons belong to Hindu religione The table gins sel. wise figures with rural"urban break.up. SGT. IV-Part B.-Scheduled Tribes in ~he district have returned their religionS a8 Christianity and Hindui~m. This table gives the number of persons in the district under the heads Christian and Hindu in each tribe sex.wise with rural. urban break-up. 342 SOT IV-PART A-RELIGION FOR SOHEDULED OASTES-(concld.) Name oJreligion Seria~ number and name of Sc'htduled OrJIltB Total Hindu Sikh Rural! ,...... ~ ,---'-----. Urban Per80ns Males Females'"" Males Femaka Maru Femalel (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (~) 19.. ~ayadi \.0 R 45 15 30 15 30 .o. - - U 4 - 4 4: - .. '0 20 Pagadai R 2 2 2 U 3 3 - 3 ... .. 21 Paraiyan, Parayan (Samoavar) R 35,923 13,023 17,900 13,023 17,900 U 17,B97 9,120 8,777 9,120 8,777 !2 Pallim '!II R 28,865 14,876 13,989 14,876 13,989 ,. U 16,176 8,468 7, 70S 8,468 7,708 ., 23 Pa.ncht.Una R 1 1 1 - U 24 Pannadi R 6,102 3,113 2,989 3,113 2,989 U 3,806 1,928 1,878 1,928 1,878 25 Panniandi R 135 74 61 74: 61 U 278 144 134 144 134 26 Puthira.i Vannan R 43 12 31 12 31 U 74: 44: 30 44 30 27 Samban R - - U 48 39 9 39 9 2B Thoti ...... R 969 497 472 497 472 0 559 <' .. U 260 299 260 299 ' ... 29 Tiruv&l1uvlU' •• R U 530 343- IS7- '" 343- 187- ... - 30 Valluvan ,.. R 3,459 1,766 1,693 1,766 l,e93 U 2,265 1,103 1,162 1,103 1,162 ... II Unolaasified o. R 14,308 7,527 6,7Bl 7,527 6,781 U 4,515 2,338 2,177 2,338 2,177 •• ~3 SCT IV-PART B-RELIGION FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Name oj religion Total Christian Hirulu Serial number and name oj Scheduled Rurall -----'I Pmu Urban P.er8lm8 Malu Female8 Males Femal68 Male8 F~male8 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Total R 18,082 9,235 8,847 58 157 9,177 8,890 U 2,061 1,078 988 1 1,077 983 lIrular .. .. R 10,455 5,328 5,127 5,328 5,127 - U 143 68 75 ..-- ... 68 75 t Kad&!' R 95 56 39 ... 56 39 - U 192 102 90 1 ... 101 90 3 Ka:mma.ra R 25 17 B 17 8 U ...... :1 - '" 4 Kattunayakan R 8 5 8 5 3 U 12 7 5 ... .. 7 5 .5 K1J1'1lDl8DS R 14 5 9 5 9 U 3 1 2 1 2 ~ Malasar R 612 305 307 305 307 U 1,387 751 636 751 636 7 Mudugar R 28 14: 14 14- 14 U 8 Pulayan , . R 46 23 23 23 23 U 9 Sholaga R 5,903 2,988 2,915 56 157 Z,932 2,758 U 47 21 26 21 26 R ./ 10 Toda .. " U 1 1 1 11 Unclaaeified •• R 896 494 40: 2 492 402 U 276 127 UD .. 127 149 SOT V-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION OLASSIFIED BY INTEREST IN LAND AND SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED IN RURAL AREAS FOB MEMB EBS OF SCHEDULED OASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES FLY LEAF This table furnishes data of 8"mple households "mong Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes engaged in cultivation classified by interest in land and size of land cultivated. The table relates to rural 3reas in ihe district only. The interest in la.nd is cla.ssiffed as follows :-;-;- 1:·· Owned or held from Government; 2 •. ,Held fr9.ID private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or share ; 3. ,Partly held from Government and partly from private persons for money, kind or share. The first category refers to the total number of land holdings owned or held by virtu. at P08sission as owner, namely land held directly from Government under 8 grant, lease or assignment with rights of permanent, heritable and transferable possession or with rights , of permanent, heritable possession but without the right of transfer or temporary or conditional leases of any kind entered into with the Government. Encroachment of Govern ment land is treated as land held from Government and classified under the :first category •. · The 8econd category includes land taken from private persons or institutions for payment, in money, kind or share with right of permanent heritable and transferable possession, ~th' right of permanent heritllble and transferable possession but without the right of transfer and those held under various tenancies or tenures which may be broadly classified al follows :- (i) Tenants holding land with permanent and heritable rights whose land cannot be resumed by the owner on ground of personal cultivation (such ten&nts may have the rights of transfer also in certain cases). (ii) Tenants who have been given permanent rights subject to the right of resumptioD. by the owner (in some cases the tenant has the right to acquire ownership. In other cases, he does not possess this right). (iii) Tenants holding land in areas where interim measures have been enacted for the stay of ejectment or for continuing the leases for a specified period. (iv) Tenants holding land under temporary leases who are liable to ejectment. (v) Areas held on condition of rendering service either to & village, community or to the Government as in the case of service inams. ~Thii a.lso includes cases where labourers working on plantations are given bits of land for personal cultivation with permanent rights.} (vi) Alilanda taken for a fixed a.mount of money or a :fixed a.mount of produce, for a ~h&re of the produce or for which money is paid, partly in kind and pa.rtly in the shap6" of cash and land held free of consideration. If a household had land cultivated under both the fir3t and second oateiories, it is. f.lasamed under the third category. 345 The holdings are grouped into ten sizes' in 'acres As follows: Less than, one acre to to 2-4 acres . 2-5 to 4·9 acres I ,0'0 to 7'4 acres 7'5 to 9-9 acres 10'0' to 12'4 acres 12'5 to 14'9 acres 15-0 to 29·9 acres 30-0 to 49'9 acres 50 and above acres and unspecified For the definition of household cultivation, a. reference is invited to the preliminary no~ in Census of India, 1961, Ma.dras-Volume m. 31~ SCT V PART A--50PLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY INTEREST IN LAND AID SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED IN RUBAL ABEAS ONLY FOR MEMBERS OF SCHEDULED CASTES (Households of members of Scheduled Castes in a 20 per cent sample of all households) Number of (lulti- Households engaged in cultivation by size of land in acres 1nlue..% i1~ land emtit'ated vating ., hQuse- Leas )'0-2.4 2·5- 5·0- Hi- 10·0- 12,5- 15·0-- 30·0-~ 50+ Un- holds than 4·9 704, 9'9 12·4 14·9 29·9 490£1 8peci- one fled (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) ALL 81JlUL ABEAS Total 2,066 295 SiS 566 253 51 36 12 Z4 3 S , f) I Owned or held from ],470 233 571 389 188 31 2() 9 19 " 8 Government 2 Beld from priV'ato per- 461 60 222 120 as 10 10 I sons or institlltions for payment in money. kind or share 3 Partly held from Govern- 135 2 25 57 27 JO 6 3 4 .. ment and partly from private persons for pay- ment in money, kind or shOO'6 !CT V PART B-SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS ENGAGED IN CULTIVATION CLASSIFIED BY INTEREST 1M LAND AID SIZE OF LAND CULTIVATED IN RURAL AREAS ONLY FOR MEMBERS OF SCHEDULED TRIBES (Households of members of Soheduled Tribell in a 20 per OBnt u.m.ple of all households) Number of culti- Households engaged in cUltivation by sizll of land in t2C'I'eII lnkrest in kmd cultivated 'vating '\ home· L~8 1-0--- 2'5--- 5·(}- 7·5--- 1O·Q- 12-5- UH}- 30'\}- 50+ u,.· 'h ALL BUlU.L AREAS Total - 3U 1 121 106 66 4 1 4 1 O'ifiled or hold from 280 I 112 94 60 3 7 1 ..I) Government 2 Held from private per- 26 7 12 I) 1 1 sons or institutions for - payment in money. kind or share 3 P&rtly held from Govern. S o. 1 1 1 :roent and partly from private persons for ~t in money, or .rune , L-""~. SC I-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX, TYPE OF ACTIVITY AND EDUCATIONAL LEVELS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES FLY-LEAF This table gives the classification of non-working population among Scheduled Castes in the district by sex, type of activity and educational levels. The. district figures have been given by total, rural and urban. Talu~ figures have been given for rural only. The different educational levels into which the non-working Scheduled Castes have been classified are as follows:- 1. Illiterate 2. Literate (without educational level) 3•. Primary or Junior Basic 4. Matriculation or Higher Secondary 5. Above Matrioulation or Higher Secondary The total non-working population and persons belonging to the above mentioned educational levels have been classified into the following categories:- 1. Full time students 2. Persons seeking employment for the first time 3. Persons employed before but seeking work 4. Others 34:8 t-.-t .-t .-t IQ • '1'4 11 0 II) '1'4 .. CIJ of 10 " COil • . , , . .:: III j 111 til .... · .... ~ ~ o ...... ,a Iil • 0 • ::t 1 ~ /349 fill 0 10 ~O:I co ,'0 = t- o t-= ~ 00 1"40 t- . c» ""'III ~ lOt- 1"4 too 1 .... ~ 1"4 ~ 1"4 . ~ ~. 0 00 § ~ctJ to- "CO ·• CI1...... " . • .. .. "'!,I:II It) IQ' ~ ~ ~ .... 1"1 '1"1 '1"1 1"4 1"1 ... . = ~ 1"4 1"1 ~ '1"1 "'" «I ...... 1"4 10 .... ~ 00 0 0 eI)"'" ~ CI1 CO ... Il)CPJ CIO to " .... t- ~"'" 1"4 00 ~ .... t- IC.-f ~ i Il)'" ~I'" ~~ ~ ..... · ,. 'II' M\ ""1"4 00.. CO 110 '" 00' .0 It) ~ rt) " It) .0 t! ~ '. o 0 • .... . CI1 ~ .... '1"1 IQ CO • 1"4 1"4 CI1 ~:;, w ~ ~ 1"1 CI) 10 eI) CO OO~ .,:; CI1 ~ 0) 0) .... CI1 00 Il) .0 C'I~ « ~.-f i CO) cD 10 0 8 CI1 1l)0 1"1 C'! eI) t- t- Il) E-I .... 00 CI1 .-f 1"4 ... 1"1 = 41':1 .... ~ 'Of' C'I ~ i .... '" 100 ~ :. 0 .... 1"4"'" .• " OCC ....001"4 .gj : ~ • i:::I .., I ....0 III ..... ,... • Gl • ill ~ • oi:::I · ....o ~ ... l ill «I • C) · g • "tI .~ Q) 350 ~ . . . . 100 ...00 .... .a; , ~ ....o ~ , (,) .~ I I (. , . l ST 1-1I0THER~TONQ:UE AND BILINGUALISM FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES FLYLEAF This is .a special table for Scheduled Tribes giving t.heir mother~tongue and bilingualism. The district figur~ ~ave been given by total, rural and urban. Taluk figures have been given for rural only. Mother-tongue is the language spoken by the person since early childhood. In addition to the mother-tongue, a person: may know some other languag~ and this is given as subsidiary language. The mother-tongue is shown horizontally. Colunlns (4) and (5) Clontain number of males and females who have been returned as speaking a langua.ge subsidiary "to that shown horizontally. Column (6) contains run on lines of names of subsidiary languages~ followed in each case in brackets by number of male and female speakel'9. In the table for the district, secondary languages baving speakers in ..he range of 0 1;0 5 .per cent of population have not been shown. ST I-MOTHER .. TONGUE AID BILINGUALISM FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Mother-tongue: Total· perlltYM returne4 as 8peaking (J language 8ubsidia'1l NameolSe~ Total8p841cera to that aMwn horizontally J •• ..A.. Tribe f' .. Males l!emol8B Mak8 Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) bULA/htULIG!.. lrular .. .. 45 21 34: 17 Tamil (M : 34, F : 17). KANNADA. 83 66 16 9 T6111il (M : 16. F : 9). MALA,):" ALA.M. S .. 8 .,. Tamil (M; 8). MONTADENOHE'l"fY. 19 7 19 7 T&mil (M; 19, F : 7). T.um.. 15.241 5.108 ._O ... .. 86 70 29 26 Tamil (M : 29. F : 26). 72 69 4, ... T.um.. 8 S Telugu (M: 9, F: 5). 'httTGt1. 2 Tamil (M : 2). T.lllIL. 4 - i Tamil (M : 2, F ; 2). t, , 11 ... 1 Tamil eM : 1). 14 303 8T l-MOTRR-TONGUE :AJD BILINGU!LISM) 'OR SCHEDULED TRIBES-(oOnfd~) M other-ttmgue: Polal per80'A8 returned aa BpIlulcing a lang"ag6 8rLb8idiary 10 Iha$ Name a.,:Shed1&led. fiMwn horizontally .. Subsidiary .lang'l1!tf~ Tribf Maie8 . Females Males Females ( I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) KANNADA. Kalas&' 6 3 ~,., , ... :l.\ULAY AL.Of. 3 - .. TAM.IL. 1;0'6 936 TELUGU. 't. 1 4 " 4 Kannada. (F: 3), MB1a.yalam (F : 1). '·TAMIL. Pulllyan .. 23 23 .. ... KuntADA. ... Sholaga .-.1"- 923 1,003 59 41 Tamil (M: 59, F: 41). LAMANIf~A,MBADI. 16 1 Kannada (M: I). SOLAGA/KANNADA. 971 959 .199 184 Tamil (M : 199, F : 184). SAURASHTRA. 1 .:. . . TAMIJ.. 573 475 51 65 Kannada. (M : 51, F : ~5). ~~WGU. 2 1 1 Tamil (M : I). URALI. 523 503 367 391 Tamil (M: 367, F : 391). TAMIL. Todl1t 1 .. QUJARATI. ; ". Voolassified. .. .:. I 1 Hindi (F : 1). . )\:ANNADA. : ... 50 37 ... - MALAYALA.M• .. 1 3 2 Tamil (F : 2). ., TAMIL • 557 471 •• - . TELtroU. 3 •• 2 -, : Tamil (M: .2). URDt1~ ... . 10 , 39 ~, . ./" l.i 21 .. ::Tamil (F: 21t. 0-45 - 3li4 ST !-.MOTHBR·TONGUE AID BILINGUALISM FOB SClUDULED TRIBES-(comd.) Mother-tongue: Towl persons returJUid Il6 speaking a. language 8Ubsidiary ro "6# N(Jme oj Selwduld Totalllpeaker8 8hcnon hortltontally Tribe J... Males Females Males (I) (2 (3) (5) (8) tf 1. lrular 21 35 111 Kamllida (M:I, jI':I); Tamil (M::H, ~':17). 'rAmI,. 0,200 Ii,040 337 203 English (M:12, F:2) ; Hindi (M:l). Kannada (M:323, F:191); Telugu ('M:I, 1<':10) 66 9 'fllIl1il (M:16. ].0':9). 2. Kadar •• ... 39 3. Kammllra .. ' 15 9 ;) Tlliogu (M:9 • I·':5). '!.ILUGU. 2 - i .. - Tamil (M:2). TAMIL. 4 XattunayaW. •. 5 6. K\lrum~ - 2 - Tamil (M:l.) '£.llllIL. 3 9 K.annad& (F: 1). T.uIIJJ fl. Mudugar or Hudunll •. 14 14 ... 30t Kannada (M:l) ; Telngu (M:I). 'I'1lWGu . ... ,. 'f.ult:r.. S. Pulayan .• 28 !3 " .. - 'I'.UUt. 9. Shol&«a .. j~S .. .,,~ 37 65 Kannada (M:5I. F:65), 'f&lugu (.M:5) ; Hindi (M: 1). luNlun.... t23 1,003 60 ,1 Tamil (M:39. F:U); Urdu (M:l). M5 8T I-MOTHER"TONGUE AND BILINGUALISM FOR SCHEDULBD TRIBES-(conld.) y Mother-tongue :-Total SubBiJi,ary language per8&n8 relumed as apeaking a language Nmne oj Scheduled 8'Uh8idiary to that Tribe Total 8ptlak1l18 shown horizontally r--~ Maks F~ ~ValM Femal& (1) (2) (3) (4.) (5) (6) 9 Sholaga-roncld••• 16 I .. Kannada (M:l). SoUGA-KANNADA. 971 959 216 2()5 'ramil (M-IU9, F·184): Kanrutda (M·17, It'· 21) 'l'Er.UGu. 2 I 1 Tamil (M.I). U.ALt • 623 .. 503 367 391 Tamil (M.3ft7. F·3!)l). II T..um.. 10 Uncl8S$ifiecl .at 326 4, 1 Kannsda (M-2): Telugu (M.t; r.l}. KANNADA. 50 36 1 Tamil (M.1). URDu. 10 39 21- Tamil (F.21). GuJABA.'l'BI I 1 Hindi (F-I). 'h:LUGu. 2 II Tamil (:&1.2). BBAV.un TALux. ltuiNADA. 1 Sholaga .. 219 189 16 It Tamil (M.IS, F.14). TAJDL. 40 40 - 1 Kannada (H:l). I GoPlCIIITTIpA.LA.Y.ut: TALUJ:. T.uo:r.. .". 12 1 Irular .1 13 20 8 KMnada (M-e, F.U). T.um.. 2 Hwiupr or }[UdUvaD •• 8 8 - .. PI 704 814 27 . Tamil (.M.43, Jj'.27): Urdll (M.I). 3 Sholaga •• , " 16 1 Kannada (H.l). .. J71 S05 Tamil (11.199, F-IS.) ; X.noada (1M')', '.11). C-45A 3fiG ST ,I-MOTHER .. TONGUE AID BILINGUALISM FOR SOUEDUItEJ) TRlBES-(conttl.) Mother.tongue: Total persona returned as 8pealcing a la1lg1~ '96 Name, oj Scheduled 8Ubsi,d iary '0, #hat Tribu PoWl ~pt","r' " shown horizontally, ' -----,-"---" r-----" ',,' 'I Males Female~ Malfia Females" (2) (3) ::; (4:) (5) TAMIL. 3 Sholaga-cont. _ _ l' 513 409 56 65 Kannada. (M.50 i F·65) Telugu (M.5) '. Hindi (M.I). TELUGU. 2 I - Tamil (M.1). "UEALI. 523 503 3t17 391 Tamil (Y.367 ; F·391). J4NNADA 1 4: ullclassified , r' to . ,.-,_,. 36 - Tamil (M·1). TA.MIL. 141 90 2 - KI\Jlnada (M.2). ; URDU. 10 39 ,. 21 Tamil (F·21). EROnm T.uux. 1 Kattunaya.kan •• 3 - DBAUPURAll T.u.ux. TAMIL. 1 Kurumans 3 3 ... , GWABATBI. 2 Unclassified" .. 1 1 (Hindi F.1). TAMiL. 1 Ka.mmare. ... 6 1 1;;.1 ...... TELUGu. _J ,. ~ -. ~\ • , 2 Unclassified - ... 3 2 .. Tamil (M.2). TAMIL. 16 12 - at •• I·' AVAN~,~:a:I TALux •. IlIULA/IaULlGA. 1 Irular .. 45 21 35 IS Kannada (M·I; F.l) T8Jllii (1u.'i)'i:; j)".J .. ~ .\ KANNADA. 83 66 i6 9 Tamil (M·16 i F.9). TUIIL. "oj', ~ 3.553 3,465 241 135 ~ntsh (Y.4) Kannad.. (M.236 ; ViU!) . elugu (M·I ; F·3). . 3.57 iST I~MOTHER~TONGUE. AND BWNGUALlS,M: lOlIQHlDUJ;.ED!''fRUUllSm(contrM )ltcither wngue : ;·Potar" 8tlbBidi,ary .la~tvJgBl Naml3 of Scheduled , per80'M rctUf'floed ai ,. t Trib68 8peaking a ta~ subsidiary to that If'lwwn horizontally Total epeakerB r---____.--...... -"'I,----.A..--~ ..... Male8 Females ;lales Females (1) (2~ (3) (4) (5) (6) A-r A.NA~B1 TA.~1J~-(oomd). KANNADA. 2 Kuruman z Tamil (M.I). TAMIL. 6 .. Kannada. (F·I). . . COIMBATORE TAtUK. 1 !rn)at ' .. ~ ...... "'1;620 : 1,545 90 56 English (M.B; F·2j; Hindi (H.l;)'Tehlp (F.7) j Kannada. (Y·SI; F.47) TAMm.· 7 9 5 "Telugu (M-9 ; F-ol. TELUQu. 2 2 Tamil (Y.2). TAMIL. 31lalasar .. 26 20 2 Kannada. (M.I : Telugu. TELUGU. I 4. 4. Kanna.da (F.3) Malayalam (p.I} TAlUL•• 204 164 I Telugu (Y.I). POLLAOHI TALUJC • .. T.unt. .. 1 I Irular oJ t"" ' .. ,TAMlL. I. ,', '," , , 56 39 2 Kadar " , •• TA.~ a MWssar •• 278,. 283 •• ! ~ ., : ~' ~ TAMIL. 4 PoJ.a,yan ...... 28 23 ., .TAMIL. 5 Unclassified 66 50 1 1 Teluga (M.I ; F.I). ~ , UDUMALPET TAL'Ux. 1 Irula.r 13 10 S MudugaI' or Maduvan II; _, 6 3 uneI8l!l!ified 4 10 368 8T I~OTHER·TONGUE AND BILINGUALISM FOR SCHEDULED TRIBBS--(cotr.eld.) Total 8pe!J]cer8 Mother.tongue: Total Name oj Sehedukd .---"------. pertlO1l8 returned Q8 Tribea Male8 Females speaking a wnguage subsidiary wthat shoum hori!ll'1llaUu . Malu Femalea (Ij (2) (3) (4) (6) ('1 ALL URBAN AItlIlA8. I Irular 8 8 .. 'l'lunil (M.B), MONTADEN OBETl'Y. 19 7 19 7 Tamil (M·ID; F.7). 68 I I English (M·I) ; Malaya,1am (F·Il. :({.u(NADA. ~.·K.· ," 86 70 29 28 Tamil (M·2!h F·26); Yalayal8ID (F.21 TAJIlL. 16 20 a Malayalam (M.4) English (M.I) Malayalam (F·S). TAlOL. 3 Kurumana I 2 TAlUL. 4 Kattuoayakan .. I ._ TELUGu. 5 4 2 2 Tamil (M.2; F.2). TAlDL. 15 'foda 1 - KANNADA. f) Ma.lasar .. 6 :t - -- MAr.A.YALAK. 3 - - -- 1'.um.. :'.- I 742 633 .2 2 MalayaJam (M.I i F·I) i English (M.! ; F.I). • TAMIL. 'i Sho1aga. .. 20 26 "'" ... SOURASBT.RA. /. 1 .. - ...... KANKAD.... S UoclasBified I - 1 Tamil (F-JJ. M.u..\.YUAlI. I 3 - T~ 126 1" - .. ./ ST II-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND TYPE OF ACTmTY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES FLY LEAF In this table, the non-working Scheduled Tribe population has been cla.ssified by sex &nd type of work. The different types of work into which they have been classified are as follows :- 1. Full time students. 2. Persons seeking employment for the first time. 3. Persons BmpJoyed before but now out of employment. ·4. Others. The dffitrict figures 0 have been given by Total, Rural and Urban. ,Taluk. figurtlll han heen given for run) only. 360 ST II-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND TypE OF ACTIVITY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Persons . Persona seeking employed Serial number and name of Total non-working FuUtime employment for before but now Other. Ihs &heduled Tribes population 8twiem3 the first time out of employ- ment ana 8eeking . wOrk ~ ~~ ~ Pllr80n8 :Males Females Malee Fe-maIM Males lhma!ee Males FemalBB · Maks F6makf ., ' (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ,." (il) (12~ ALL AREAS. Total .. 10;493 4,370 ·8.123 '862 169 '3 l t 4,004 5,966 I Irular 5 941 2,482 3,459 231 7B 1 2,250 1,381 - 1 - " " ~ . ~ , " 52 59 8 12 1 Ii'., 43 I Kadar " . .. .. IiI .. 41 S Ko.t~a.yakan .. •• 9 3 6 2 3 4 4: Kammar& •• 13 5 8 5 4 4: 5 Kurumans I. 9 3 6 1 2 1 1 4 6 Malasar • • •• 869 399 470 30 13 1 369 456 '1 Mudugar or Muduvan .. 16 6 10 3 .. 3 10 8 Pulayan .:...... ,. 29 15 14 15 14 ~ 8holaga It 2,970 1,156 1,814 72 46 1,084 1,768 10 Toda - 1 1 1 11 Unolassified ... 525 248 277 11 5 1 236 !'1! ST II-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES-(eonld.) Full time PersoWl seeking Per80ns S~1'ial number and name oj Total non· working studenta employment employed the SaheduJed TNVM. popUlation for the first beJore but no'!,U OthBf'I time out oj employ- ' mem end seeking tJJorka ~ ~-l~~"""" Persons Males Females Male8 Females Malelf . Female! MaZes Females Males l'etnAlW (1) (2) (4) (3) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (lll (l~ ALL RURAL AREAS. Total .. 9,546 3,958 5,588 339 131 t 3,618 6,451 1 Irular .,. 5,878 2,461 3,417 221 69 1 2,239 1,348 ! Ka.dar ...... 38 18 20 2 1 16 II I K&mmara •• ... 13 5 8 5 4, 4 , KaUunayakan •• 3 3 2 l , Kurumans ~. 8 2 1 . ... 6 2 1 ~ 8 Mudugar or Muduvan .. .. 16 6 10 3 :} Ht· .; ,. Malasar , • ·i 178 94- 84 28 13 66 'Jl:~ g Pula.yan •• ON 29 15 14 10 1,"",' *~ ST II-PERSONS NOT AT WORK C~ASSIFIED BY SEX AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY FOR SC.lIEDULED TRIBES-( oontd.) Per.!om PtrSOrlS employed seeking before but Other8 Total non-working Full time employment now om of Taluk N arne 01 &heduled population Iitudent8 1(1/" the first employmtnt Tribe time atad ~eeking work ~r---~r-~ ~ «j 0) 0) .. q) ~ ~ ~ <10) ~ ..! .... c" ~ t;l t;l t;l .. I:l .... ~ .:!l §: ~ :: t;l ~ t;l ~ t;l '"""t;l § \) ~ ~ ~. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .... ~ ~ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (to) (11) (12) (13) Bhavani .. .. Sholaga 196 7S' lIS 78 lIS Gopichottipalayum lrular 22 4: 18 4: 18 Mudugar or Muduvan 12 5 ·7 3 2 7 S40laga 2,758 1,071 1,687 72 46 999 1,641 Unclassified 144 76 68 7 69 68 3 2 Erode -' Kattunayabn .. 3 .. 1 Dharapuram .. Kurumans .. 2 2 1 1 Unclassified .. 1 1 1 Palladam .. .. Kammara .. 1 1 1 Unclassified 15 10 5 10 5 Avanashi " .. Irular .. 4,062 1,676 2,386 121 45 1,555 2,341 Kurumans .. 6 2 -4 1 1 1 3 Coimbatore .. Irular i,794 781 1,013 100 24 1 680 989 Kammara .. .. 12 5 7 .5 4: 3 Unclassified 177 90 87 90 87 Pollachi .. , . Kadar 38 18 20 2 1 16 19 MaJasar 178 94 84 28 13 66 71 Pulayan 29 15 14 15 14: UncJassified 78 28 50 28 50 Udumalpet .. Mudugar .. 4: 1 3 1 3 Unclassified 14 4 10 4 10 ST II-PERSONS NOT AT WORK CLASSIFIED BY SEX AND TYPE OF ACTIVITY FOR SCHEDULED TRIBEB-(concld.) Serial number and name oj Total non·working Full-time Persons seeking PersrJna the Scheduled Tribe popUlation students employrrMnt jor employed the fir8t time bejMe but now Othere rrut oj employ. mentaoo seeking work r ,-----A----., ~ ,-----A----., ~ Persons Males Femalee Males Females Malea Females Male8 Femalea Male, Female (1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) {9) (10) (11) (12) .AIL URBAN AREAS Total .. 947 412 535 !S 25 i 1 386 509 1 Imlar 63 21 42 10 9 11 33 2 Kadar 73 34 39 6 11 1 27 28 3 Kattunayakan 6 3 3 3 3 4, Kurumans .. 1 1 1 , 5 lIalasllor 691 305 386 2 1 303 38i 6 Sholaga 16 7 9 7 0 7 Toda I 1 1 • Vnola8iified tf f. ff 96 4,0 00 .. 6 1 35 61 C-46 PART III J!'AlRS AND FESTIVALS 'dllJ'l spp uf Uhl.OIjS :lJe suos.t:ld aAoqu 78 000'01 ]0 rouepu:mll Ull Ijl!hI. SIIlAflS~d pUll SUOSJad aAoqll 78 OOO'S ]0 aoUepU~nll Ull lp!hI. s.I!11d asolp AluO -: ~0.N (f?'dY - ~1)l'O l1'lOX 1tI>'t.UU1)!,-".w AJllpUnOS lIn!,i!.l .(J~pLlnog l)IJlS!Q L. J " "- ._1 I ~. / ( ~ .I ,ot I'v~na"w f J.'ild'lVWnan ,,01 " < '/1A.I1)IV'IIUlIIlfJ11f1J[t1Pl , . lIn.uOli H ;) V '1 '1 0 cl ArpSJn~l fIL~"S'D.I.(IDS IH:>'1110d . ,0 II (:...J SI~19lIN AlpunU ) . WV1't9NVWVAH.L'1S .,; • (".ay ·.J1)N) 1JmfN'l)/'fl"I"'lJA. (umiC1J/1'dUto$1).&rni'/p/:) ...... W31\fS ( ') JIlVNNV"a • ~ • J\. . _ . I I'tVJ...V'lVdIJ.J.3:H;)IdOO ("3ny) l1'D){ ]U/WIml(pnm.mf} I • W'1110nWVSJ.1J.:JE> \ I [. , ('JO}1l 'qad) I.MD){ 1"''''''t'D''''(J'''fI17''J'l • 1"'" r I1WHV9NOli • I INVAVHff ., // ; ) "L .) ) i '"'-• ...J" • I ~'dOSAW / qt i ,0 i : o~1 / Sl s o S saHli 3111::>5 S1'1f AI.lS3:1 aN" SH''1f:l .IN\1J.HOdHI ~JIN~SIa 3HO~V8WIOJ ot LL , 0 365 : = 00 00 -.... ~ o o o o o o o o o 10 2 o o o o· o o o o CN o o l.Q ~ 10 q q CN o IN .0 CI) 8... ~ t\) .c... ~ .-. ~ ~ ,&.z 0) "d ~ I'< i III ~ill :I 't'l t) 0ll ;:., ~ ....;;3 '5 ~ 1-1 ~,~ ~ Gl t'J Gl 't'l .., "d . ... .p . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 """J"" " 1-1 «I ... Q Q Q Q Q Q p ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ::l t\) ~ ,...... l'- (C 0 ..,jt ' .i9q ,...... 10 to aI'l 0 ~ CI) .." C JOf ...... 9PO;} UOH'ff, ...... 'WnU 1 -- "" 366 : . : o IX) o o c 0 ~OJuvpu(mv 0- o o c o o .... o. o o o 0 00 o f2 '1; 0 0 o g ..... ~ "",,"+' !NO q q_ o IO~ o ..., ...... "'" 'l'o "'0,.., d A ...to d o o c Q A . E J~qw,,'U -. U01tD(Wl ~ """,~ 367 a a a ...... ~ ...... : o o ,:. o 0 o o o 0 o 0 o o 0 o~ o S lQ o~..., ...... qiA ci .... ....o 0...... , IQ.... . = 0 0. • 0 0 ,; I:) • 0 0 1 0 Q ~ 0 .~ 0 0 0 0 r.:l A ~ ~ A Q A ~ A A ~ ~ ~ "'"c-t ~ 00 .... ~ 10 I:'l Ol ~ <0:11 It:l ~ ~ CO M 10 t-o GO 0 1""1 1:'1 .. ' -Z o o o o o o o o o o o o lC o 0" o~ o o-! ,0' ei .... o .... ~ 10 tl~~ ''''S Iivmz~rJH IQ wOolf ooumFKI -- o o. A t:I -:; ! 1 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oW) g 8 oW) 8 o g <;Q iQ o ~ IQ o lQ 2 10 c;. ~ ....~ .... 8...... CO tf) ... ~ • ..... 'j:; Q.o <11 .. , ...... III III , -,e ~di .p .t IJI .. J ~ r;j ~ 0 0- '" . ~' A g:~ A :a 'tI• Ilo° -8 ...0 ~~,'" 2 f;o1 f;I;l ! QI ~ eo ~ ~ 0 Q 0'} 10 01) Ci) III) Q ~ ~ ' .0 ..... ~ ~ .!.t .:."" . .!.t ~ , .- . II p; ~ ~ ~ Pol• a«I ~ I>-. :i . s s: . 'OJ ~ is """-- a ~. 1"cp.. c; 'tS a .. ~' Ilo = .... a C!l ~ ~ .g ~ ..... III .... t, ";.-.0 t1, ...... ~:; ~. .l4' .. ' 'i~ I Q1:l.. ~~ el Q., .l4il1 ... ::s~ Ilo aI IloU ~ 'tl' a;.s . .C'III .:; ~ .~ 1 a '~ ~~. «I""' ~ -- :J ~-- :tI I> ~e ~ : Z IloI ~~ IQ QI cC ~ I:l co ..,. - .. COl ,. ~ ... .. • C-47 370 o o A H o o o c o o o o c o o I~ q_ o o lJ., IQ '" ci' ...... ...... uon OCJ -ms fifl012'VU ;; ..... UW"r 'ifOUV1~f(J o A 13~'" ~ ~.Ilmbll u~ moW ...... 0> 10 /3'11 gOJ g o V o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o 0 g o o o o o o C'I to 00 IC>, ~ 'Q 10. o ~ q & ~. """ q i""I l~ ..... """ ~ l'a ... III <1$ '0 ~ 'tl ;.., r1J ~ III II> III e ~ 'tl III '" ~ a 'tS ~ I< ~ 'P '0 'tI r.Q ::I '0 "0 ... ~ (I) oj.) .. ,J ::l Cl ~ ~ ~ ~ H rJJ. ~ r-~ ,...... : ~..: ...... _ G) .. • +> .... .[ ~ ---~ j~ ~'it' J; t' _' '" ~ '< <11 '"CD ..III ~ III ~ ~ ::I 0 ::s ,;:: o ,.c ;i:f ~::I ai~ag a::l -- .., --Q C) II i: Gl ~ ~A ~ ~ ...: """.~ ;., ~ ~ ;.. ..«! ~ Ill~ .. al 0· ~A-3' ~~ ~. al c.. -- - .~ Z I7A < ::a A A .; ~ <11 ~ [- ~ CQ ..... I:"l ~ .... ~ ~ ~ [~ ..... t- ..... ct,) .. """ """ """ """ "" ::;. g iillll.... = -; a; .~ o § 1> ~8 .... a fQ ....~ 1t1(!l ...... ~ .:I ~...... s r! ~ ~ ...... ,$~ 'a III -- 's ..= ~ 'tI'" ... 1-0 ... Q ~ !:l 1$ ... III eo ~ al IIIas _ "" III '~ ~ P ~ ._a..:. III 'tI t:Q 'tS" ~....: a ,,; ~ .t:1P ...... 1=1 211) po( a ...... _ 'tI 11'1 al e"a • ';a =;0I).M ~ III ~'a 'a "0 'a ~ ~ ~ 9;> ...... '0 ::l ,.c:'" .tl :a.. It ...... a ~ ~ >.6 bJI ~ 00 000"'>~ '8 ill .~ ... !II III rIl !:l III III § 0'" J ___ ~P-l CIS .~ Q _...... <: l1li ,...,O! ,...... ~ ~ ~ II) '<'It ~ 01 0101 I:"l 01 0 ~ II) 10 eN 0-1 C'I C'l CQ eN t:'I C'I C'lC'l C'I 00 "'" Ol r:Q 10 . !fl. C'I ." ~ r:Q II') GO C-47A 372 o o 00 0 o , 0 O ... 1l:I l- 0. "l;) ...... • ....II . 'tl' § III .. "01' -'Vj& tWmt~1I e 10 1IJoJ[ nuvm CII o. A -~ ~...... I:> •It ",.t\ \ .. 37,3 o o o c e o o o o 0 10 o. o .. ~ .; ~ ~ h 411' . 'tI ;... ~ i ~ • ~ "tI "0 •CI "tI ~ 'tS• 'tI I Il s:I •~ 1 • ~ I' !;:I ,~ ~ H III a ~ Eo! ..: :;:; ...... : .....:.. -i (I ... 0 ~ ... ;:I• Jr. .0 ...... 0 13 jl, w J: 11\ . ~ III -- .~ -- ,.,. --~~ --8 '" . r-i '.. Ii) .... fl ...... ~ e'I t:- P"I t' .... ~ ""' ""'''' " " ~ £...... '2 0 ...... i ~ . ~ 0 as . '0- 9 ~. .., ,!(...I ~ • ~ ~ .. . ·~~o >- S ~ . !(l:$ ~ ."""." ~ Gl R ~1Ifj I) ~ ... sf!! ~ ~ II! s:la! ..QiIII 'iO • 1'; aQ\ tS.~ til;. ~ >. ~ "" t:I I>a,_! oil.., ~ 'Ce! "0 liS, t ! !=l.t ~ dI ~ as ~ '0 fa; ... .p li >ada e'" ... k l' '. !lop-! l;!- as • .; t aas· ... ""'" . Iil!l-. ~: 1i'ca 1 al.": .cl ~ al":~ P . .: ll- ..... d cl!l 'tI til It Q,aS ~ • ...~ .~: ~ ciI'i 'iaSl>a : II 'tI .~ ~"i ' .. Q\ ~ I>a ~ ~1 1i5't1 411 ' ~ .!s=~ .. 1 .9<'; :!3 .~ ~ ~ ~ j .. ::t ,lie ~.~~s· .. -'la ..Q . ,.;:; cd ...... 6 ,. 0 0 .; r.J ~. IJ g. Q ~ A ~" ~ as~ 1Ilo' S Q. .! :l -II .~ ~ ~ 1Il ~ III~ 8 ... ' (jt t'o GO Q .... M "III ~ ...... roof ,..; ..0 0 0 0 •0 .., ...... ~ ...... "'" .... "'" 3'. ,- .,.. ... 1:1 n sr:: 00 6 ()0 't~ Il. S~'C'- o!:~ ~ e ~ <:; UI.o 00;1.> e· .. o~ ~~ ~ ~.£ a o~ Ql!""t ~ ~ 0 ~~ ~ ~o GI::::; I "'''0llJ 0; • ,z ...... , gill 'tl i ~ .... "0 Q) '1""1 a:i ~ 1 ~ 0 'a .... ~ 0iJ ~o.. tri <:) 011 j> !Ii <1)"0 ~ ~ ;. 0 .... .S § ~• ...... 0 i ... ~ .... 'tJ .,~ '" , . ~ ~ eotiGo S.., =&,= Q iii 0.., ct:$ a a>.Z ~ z z ... . .!:: .... ~ '0 CD -.... iii.!: OIIm iii III -II ~ t e- i!l ~ I:<,.Q t()p. 1Il~ = .~ iii .s.! -;: ttl .~ .~ ~ ~ CI,," 9 ~ .. ~.o ~8+> H ~.a ~ II: e 0 om ~a ~~ E-t 1J.2 rn 0 o 0: ~ 0 0.. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 g C 0 0 0 00 4lP. IQ 0 0 ~OUf)pumv 0 00 ~ 0 t- o 0 ' .... !Q . . ~ ,0- ,; ~~ ~~ -0 ~; Q) cP ~ ~:;:;kIII ,---_.A..-...... j.> :: ... o <.0 .., o Q 10 0 o o t;) 10 0 c ~ o ·0 IN IQ , ..... ...... , ..,... :s• ~ ! .... o ..... ,...; lQ.... a ..fill o .... Q I> 376 : : '1:1' I. ~ ... ~ ,I:) .001- d Z o o o Q Q o o o o lO C 0 C o o Q S ..... 10' """ 10 ,..,q ....~ Ii... " ... . .f0 UOf' ·f)~S 1i1ll1l'1~f)8' 10 ..... tuOJ/ sot/,V''1a ._. .... aat'W &;'" ~ """o 00 '.Amb" u~ OOJY'_ c" ~ 6 -. """ 377 : : . 10 " o o• h A o 0 o o o 0 00 o o 0 00 o o o o 0 o OJ OJ ,0 o o ~ M M eo:. fI:IM o t"- M .; d o A A ....I ...I ...., -'"m ~ tS $ ! o A o qo A ;-,______-Y~ ______ ..... Cl ..Ol C-48 378 -fl.... o... o o o o o g o o o o IQ fi o o g C'I ... c" 10 o 1Q ...... ~ '1 .... o 6 ....DO Q o ... .0...... .....,. ..., ..II II ~ ~ UOt, ...... ·"18Iir){nnf')~1 G" 0 ...... tJJO.t/ ~Uf1lll!(] ...... o ~. nqwnu ~ I:'l ~ co o 10 8fJ0f) 'UO]W:wI .._ ...o ....o ...o ...... -.... 379 . -z :;::z o o o o 10 o o o o C q ...... g 1""1 . IQ I ~ J !.eo o 1..c A o ...... :> .~ I ....c s ...o 6 ,,.. -< .; ~ ~ o ....~l C-48.A 380 10.... o o o o o o o o o o o o o o [- .., o "ij4 q O~ 10 ~. .-I .... o ~. 'UO}TD,& o iWm1pl)2[ ~'O §: .-I 'l/Jt4 nu1!)~8KI IJanw, C') 9.J!JYfI,De 'U~ f)~.rv -- .wqtunu -' ':11)0(1 UO~ro.,O'l .... 381 . 'sJ o «l o o o o o o o o ...... I:r.I C'l C'l ...... 011 o 1"-0 ...... - :; ~ ~ ..... ::I ::l ...... ::l Gl 0 ::l "; ""::l 8 ::i'" a '" ~ 0 >. ::l .... ::l ~ '; 0 "0 >. ~ I=i 0 Cd oe 'tS ..::l to 0 .... '1j .., . ~ 0 A 0 .E A A .:: 0 0 IZi ~ ... '0 :l!I = ~ :x: III ~ P P ~ P 00 Cl> (Xl lQ CIl t-- cO CCl I:r.I l-- 00 cO I~ LQ __, <;Q Cl> It! C') 0 II) CCl .:, C':I Ol ... ell "'" ~ = ~ t- o ~ ,c:, .... '~ ;... ~ ~ cit .... "'" r-~' ~' .,..:. • . • III e E . = !II S'g iii • ~ -...... ~ ..... III ..... ~ ~ >. G! § ...... >.~ iii e:t ... o ...... ~ :t • iii & E e- .... to . "a'-' .:d as ;j "0 ~ ~S g ~ ..!II ... 0 ~_, p.. ~ .- t:>O ...... 1lI8 ... 0 toa .... = ::l~ .... ~ ~ ~ ..s 00 iii ..... ~ ~al ~ iii ] '" CI ~ ~ .:d~ ~ .. ~ (I) ~ :6 - .E ::f .:d(ij to - ... III 1-1 a fill'S .:d ~...... ~ .....III "0 'i ::l 'a' ,$ ~Ix:l III H : 0 '2 0 .. II ~p.. -0 l> ~ II 11'1 iii ~ ~ .:II f,..j~ - rD ~ ~ P ~ ~ Z Pof t:4 > t:4 ~ .., lC ~ co C) C'I I:r.I ~ -.:I' co l-- 00 0 IX) (lI) IX) 00 01 C'I (J) (J) ...... ~ l:- t- l"- t- ...... "'" ... ~ ...... 58! o Q o o o o CQ co ...~ ... ~ -~.. 4l ..coCIl :> ~!zi o "'" ...... 10 ,...... , ] .p -] £• c iii o a A ...... ~.... -=~~ I ...,... .i o o g Q A I I I :§ t 383 o IQ , i, .~ .d.i J • +>.0 Ql CI)~ .... .~j!I O,Q ...... ! '-v-I Z o o o o o 0 o o o o ,'i ~ o o o o g o o o g g o o :0 o g .... o .., ...i o 10 lQ o "*' o ..0 o A" ...... ,..... c... ... o Q pJ ...... o ~ ::l poGI ..M 384 o oc o 0 o o o o o o o o 0 o o o q c;;, lQ o o o o ~. lQ" r:i ...... ; ei ~fif)p ;; Jo -tsqutnN ~ ...... CI • o ~ ... ~~ ! 1.I.OJt ...... 10 o ~ lQ' "mS! /i'Omnvl[ "'-' IN ..... ,..;, uto4 f}f)UTn8!{l .... o d A Cl p., 8iil:itU iii) 9Jt)nho U~~ DrJJ V ._. ... ~ I -t~wnfJ. 'IpO;i uo~I'I)~o7 385 g• § Q o i o o o o o o 0 o c o 0 o o I.Q o o o 0 o 0 o u:> ;t; lQ o o o .... III k? ~ q 10 ";Ii IQ ,....j 0" e>l" r-I ...... ... ...... o o 15 13 o A r:l A A A o q o.... rA...... 0-49 38ft -Z o 0 o o o o o o 0 o o o g o >0 .. g ~ .... ~- ....~ .... I lQ ...... C¢ ...... o ...... ,...... fo UO~1f)'fi ... fi,()Ull~f)U a'l1 10 W!).tf ~urYJC!a o Q o 8~1JW I:;) 6 ~.J1mbB 1.1: m.tv ...... ~. ...<:'-1 387 ai ....III ~ ...... -Z o 0 o o 0.1') o o 8o Ct'l ...... Ie q_ o o...... ---,~~ .... 'tl iii o. • 0 o ~ Q o H o H ~ o ;:; ~ A Q 1-1.. 10 o '00 o ;.. to .'-' '"'::l 'ii1 eo o Il4 o C; C-49A 388 Q o o o Q o o o It:l o It:l .... C\l lQ ~ ~i ... C-I .... r-I 10 ,,. """o ~ ~ ill) c: , 0 'ill i 'tl d o 0:: I?Jl~UI M ai/OliOS U! 1]~.ty J~qtUnu : '.ipO'J UO!lV007 SS9 i ! ~ ~ t- too <:'l G'l o a o H o A .....z o o o o -:> o o -:> o o o o o o o o ,.., o o o 10 o o o ~ ro 10 ~ IQ lQ CO) IQ C'Q , . r----A.·----,- ...... IQ 00 o o .....lQ N IN o o A A .... lI:i 00 r--- _...A..-_-.., ._~ ...... o 1..... "'(j ~ 390 , .... II). ~bI) '"'II) ..... ~> ... o 00 o o o 0' g o 010 g o o ...... 10 lOe'I . e C1.. I:'l e.f ,.., •~ ["0 .... 10 'UO~18 IirxnWfJ'9 ...... o uro.tJ ~OUV1&Kl 10 e'I .... o -a p oS ....o p. 9~nUl ~.l'lml).I' U! i:)g.lv :1 rI.l o .... e'I II) lQ o 0 o 0 ""' ...... SUI o A o o o 0 o o o o o o 0 o o o g o 10 8 lQ co g o o ~ ~ .r.i o.. ..i ~ COl ... o lQ co o A . .-t o 0 o A ~ Q o lID ~ . . .~ '-' o • " 392 ... ~l ~ ....""' o g o o o o IQ o v o c. ,.., o o ...... o· o· .... q, .... 8fivp fa .~9qW1lN ... .... o ~ ~lOJro18 fi.vmlpJ8 310 -- 'lUo.t/ ~OUV1s~a ~ ....I.~ ...(0 '~- o A INlJUl C;; ~J//)n~fI U} V~.tr ._ o 9 ....o .t~qumu ~ ~fl()O uaJ1IJO)7 .... 393 . ...z fI • .p ..... (l .... .~ ~ 00 o o o o 0 o o o o Q lQ lQ o o o 0 o o 0 o o lQ lQ o q e-I IQ el I' l'" !N 10 o lQ 'OJ' e-i ....00 ... .... o ~ ... III A I 1 1 ..Qo ~ ell o CIJ .-I • .... o. A ...IJ.o Eo! . . , . ...... Ii i> 0-50 ....i -~ "r3 ...o I) o o o 0 o o o c o o o 10 o o c o o o lQ .... '0 C!'l o lQ :r.I '""' ,..q l.rr .... o A ...... o ...... 10 co .• ~a ,.Q o UO!~'D18 o fi'lJtnl~U 91{1 '""' w,o,/,! 9[}UV~a o o A Col o o ~ I I J~qtunu ;:: 0 .... CI :flpDO tlO1~ ~ e> 395 ...... ,• . o 0 00 o o 0 leO g o ..... ~ 1:'-0 c ..... o o o c o ,.: c.) c o 1"4 ....." ci .--...... ~. J "il 1 6 "10 .....c or:J:J C() ...... 0-50A 396 . i .! i ~ Q... -...... - ~ . 1Il::s....• t1~ Z o o o o o o o g I'D o o_ q ~ ...... G'l" ] IZ t·~ ::so.~ ~ ~< \~ ...... .:. c:i Q o Q o o ... C ... G'l 89T >Ii' 1..c o 00 o o ,..,o CO o o 10. o o.. td' 10 o o .... I"t , ...., 1 ! P-! 5 • E! o ~ .....i...... : ~~ ..... -.... 01,) . :.> ~ 0 ~ a . " 'tI "!:l 0 0 ~ ~ 1 0 0 0 to =' 1 ~ e p ~ A A ~ 'i 5 III ~ itIll. S I 1)1) '0 -i ...c 'i ~ , ::sils- 0 ~ ~ 41 ",f=It III ~ '0 -(I) 0 ~ P CI) IN ... <:= ~ 0 .... l!':l '!' 0 10 <:0 ~ 10 ., IN IN 0 ell ~ I:'l ~ iN 10 C'I ... IQ ~ .... 0;) Ol '" = 6 -.Ii ~ ,...., --~ £ of ~ ~ c: p -- ~ ...... s --r.; ! ...... S·.-- ::s f!$ aJ -aII ""~ ... "1 fa. i ~ ~ I:l. .... ! ~ :>"" ~ "; .... .", II 0., .= ~e .g ..:. .; ";::s .s~ ... ~ ,t;;.., II! 0.,= ClIO i "d5 0- .g I t iI 1,... ::!ice ll-o III 1 ...~! :s ] ~t;:..ce §~ 'a~ I ~ I:l. ~ "i : 0., .... '" :; Cl 'i Ql~ >~ - ~ ... -&l (I) "d-- ; ::tl ~ I> I1.l 0 :=!I J~ Pol Il-I ~ P ~ " ~- ~ ... 10 ., t- «I W 01 c.J C'I c.J CD .... ~ ~ 10 " IN i ~ ~ ~ • 398 o o. Cl ~ 6 A o o o o o o g o o g o to- o o g to- ...... -.... ~ ~ 10 'IIlJ'fJ1Jf8 firifflUDll ~iJf 1U04 ,,~f)'8Ja o o o A· o A e o g o 0 10 10 o Q o 0 10 10 e q o o o~ CN .... ,fl. lQ o .. "'"' C'I "'"' "" ,10 .-I ~00 ~ 8cjj .... o~ .... III 00 ~~ ·fi : .: "'"' 10 ~ ,...., cls f >, 0 ~ 0 0 ':8 0 0 0 0 ~ A Q § Q ~ A A .8< e '1j "'" .... 0 III 0 ..i:l"" 0 ,,'~ 0 0 10 C' 0 ,.., 10 C(l 10 0 10 ~ C>I '"6'! C cO .0 ~ ,;.. "'"'~ "'"' ~ . , I . I ,,.,.,.I aj i:l ~ tl a ... p,. .... a " d ce d al ~ ;>., Q, ~ ~,.:_ ~ >. cO ~ 0. ~ ::I !:I .... --!:I C3 'i6 !:I ::l Qi ~ A iJ< 11\1 ~2." .g ~~ ~ ~ al js ~ .,. .... Qi'" >, ~ 0 1-0 Ie :=. ~ '" dO -t:> cO 4) ~ o~ CI ;:"-' ~;.. -; '"'0 '0' = ~ 1 ..s:: Oo! ~ ~ ;.. ~ > ~ ~ 0 0 ~ .... CI) ~ '0 !O l' ~ ~ 10 ~ ~ 11:1 j ....cI t .... ' .... )1 ...... o c 'im ~ . ~i tl•• Ql • ..c"op ~. o 0 o_+' o o o o o 10 o o o to! o o s o·.... Jl) o o 10 . . o 0 A ~ ....10 o A UOH'Ot8 ~fJH ~I iii' ~ woJ{ ,,(lU~ o A • .t~qumu ..... ~ uOJtDO°7 ~ g o I7J COl o A o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o q, 1""1 & L":i <.:> o o lQ ~ o .... I:-l' .. "" to o o ...... 1""1 • . ~ .a'" o ~ o ....t.: II ~ > ~ o 00 1""1 ~ o o o. A Q E A • J. ~ ....o ~ ~ ..~. ...• 0-51 .,02 71....-- 0.; .£ ."1,.< ~ te e-1 .... o o o o o o o o o o o .. O. o• II) o o lQ .... o ~') L~ ,..., , ...... ,, (I UO~lIJI8 fi'DOlIJIJU wo.tf 'JOU1J18Kl • . ~ C>1 e'1!-W ;;;- ct) .JJf'JnDg UJ 1l3JY ._. ....6 ~gq!al'lU ;::; "Pot 'UO!#V00'I"_' II) 403 ....1ft" ~. ~.~=~ o ::l oCl~ ~ __.A.. __--., o o o 0 o o o 0 o o o e o o ~ 10 r-- o o o o IQ 00 C1J 10 o 10 O. ...o .; .aII ~ --13 .a ID'" I>Cl • --s... ,.., ,.., ...... o t-t o.... . (;) ~ o A .... o. 10 ';0 t{J M o ,.... IQ • o IQ oj- C-51A 404 o o o o t- CO) {o .... .al" ~ 'tiC JjV1S' /ivmnvg ~'l1 e ¢'I f.U()J/ a~uV161a o A c il"" :> ...... o o o o II?, o o ¢ eo o 0> o q" o o 00 o <;> o .... 1""1, . 0> IOq I' o o .... "'" lQ~ ...... It) ... [~ ...-: ~ I7J ... ~ '0 :: ~ . .... C-l ...o 00 ... o 00 ....ri:> .r; ...... "".., } :> 8o to ..... iQ - 1""1 - * 406 .' ~ III OJ 1 E • e'Ill .' ,. ""'p, ... 1:>-. OJ 0 ~ 0 ~~ ;~ tt rn w. c c o o o c o o o o o o o 8 o o <0 00 o o o IQ o o o Jq_ 0" 6 ~ ,..; ,.., IQ ...... ci A fo ....I iil ~ 'UO~1rJ1S tivmU'lJll 9f{~ e wo4 9~t£7)W!a o d o o A A Q A lJalJW Mmb8 'U~ m·w . . ~...., >'_. o C .... l" "'" 10 IQ e 407 o >r.I o o o o o o 10 ...... M ....o o• o Q .,. 4 ~ .... QD ~ 0 ... ~ ~ 0 "1 ~ 'i' "! ~ ~ .... QD - """ ...... QD ~ ~ 'g~ r; p;- ::d> ...... 0-- ... I> c~ 11:1 O~ ~ --d ~ ~ Q ..: l -.. ~ 1 0- III § • = '_. ~ 0 = !. ... 0 ,~ ,.. I 1 ~ ._~ ~A ~ -'i '& ~ •00,) 0 0 ~ ... = C(I ... 1O· t- t- t- rA ..