EPA's Biosystems Technology Development Program
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©2017 Sarah J. Wolfson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
©2017 Sarah J. Wolfson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Microbial Transformations of Naphthalene and Pharmaceuticals under Anaerobic Conditions by Sarah J. Wolfson A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Written under the direction of Professor Lily Y. Young And approved by ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Microbial Transformations of Naphthalene and Pharmaceuticals under Anaerobic Conditions By SARAH J. WOLFSON Dissertation Director Professor Lily Y. Young Anaerobic microbes are integral to the fate of organic contaminants in the environment. Polyaromatic pollutants are regularly found in anoxic environments, including wastewater treatment and subsurface sediments. In this dissertation, I combine microbial and chemical techniques to understand how microorganisms metabolize aromatic contaminants in anoxic marine sediment and anaerobic wastewater treatment. The first substrate described is naphthalene, the model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that established the field of anaerobic PAH degradation. Stable isotope probing of a new sulfidogenic naphthalene degrading culture revealed two organisms responsible for initial naphthalene degradation and a third probable initial naphthalene -
Njit-Etd2002-088
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9980454.PDF (2.554Mb)
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material tiad to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0000 UMÏ LTsfTVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE THE MICROBIAL METABOLISM OF BENZENE AND CRUDE OIL UNDER DIVERSE ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Matthew Edward Caldwell Norman, Oklahoma 2000 UMI Number. 9980454 UMI UMI Microform 9980454 Copyright 2000 by Bell & Howell information and Learning Company. -
Chapter 1 Literature Review 1
© 2009 Amita R. Oka ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ANAEROBIC BENZENE DEGRADATION IN CULTURE AND HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION IN THE SUBSURFACE ENVIRONMENT By AMITA R. OKA A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Written under the direction of Professor Lily Young and approved by ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2009 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Anaerobic Benzene Degradation in Culture and Hydrocarbon Degradation in the Subsurface Environment By AMITA R. OKA Dissertation Director: Professor Lily Young Understanding of microorganisms and pathways involved in anaerobic benzene degradation is limited. Stable isotope probing of DNA was used to identify key members of a previously characterized, sulfate-reducing benzene degrading consortium. DNA 13 12 13 extracts of cultures incubated with [ C6]- or [ C6]benzene were separated into C- and 12C-labeled fractions by CsCl density gradient centrifugation. Sequencing and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene identified TRF 270 (bp), a Desulfobacterium like phylotype, which was first to derive the bulk of the 13C label for DNA synthesis, and is thus likely involved in activation of benzene degradation. To understand the pathway of anaerobic benzene metabolism, degradation and inhibition tests were used. Based on these tests toluene was eliminated, and benzoate was identified as a possible intermediate. Metabolites detected in cultures amended with 13 13 [ C6]benzene or [ C6]phenol indicate that in this consortium there are 2 different pathways of benzoate formation, one forms universally labeled ([13C-UL]benzoate), and the other forms ring labeled benzoate.