U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE

BASELINE CONTAMINANT ASSESSMENT OF WATER, SEDIMENT, INVERTEBRATES AND FISH FROM TWENTY TRIBUTARIES TO THE LOWER ARKANSAS, KANSAS/LOWER REPUBLICAN AND NEOSHO RIVERS

FFS # 6F44 DEC # 200160001 November 2008

U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE REGION 6 CONTAMINANTS PROGRAM

BASELINE CONTAMINANT ASSESSMENT OF WATER, SEDIMENT, INVERTEBRATES AND FISH FROM TWENTY TRIBUTARIES TO THE LOWER ARKANSAS, KANSAS/LOWER REPUBLICAN AND NEOSHO RIVERS

Rick Krueger John Miesner Barbara C. Osmundson U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 764 Horizon Dr., Bldg. B 2609 Anderson Ave. 764 Horizon Dr., Bldg. B Grand Junction, CO 81506 Manhattan, KS 66502 Grand Junction, CO 81506

FFS # 6F44 DEC # 200160001 Congressional Districts 1, 2, 4, and 5 in Kansas

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Ecological Services 2609 Anderson Ave. Manhattan, KS 66502

TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...... 1 INTRODUCTION...... 1 STUDY AREA AND METHODS ...... 2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS...... 4 CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS ...... 4 ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS...... 4 TRACE METALS...... 5 Aluminum ...... 5 Arsenic ...... 6 Barium ...... 7 Beryllium...... 8 Boron...... 9 Cadmium...... 9 Chromium ...... 10 Copper...... 11 Iron...... 12 Lead...... 13 Magnesium...... 14 Manganese...... 14 Mercury and Molybdenum ...... 15 Nickel ...... 15 Selenium...... 16 Strontium ...... 17 Vanadium...... 18 Zinc ...... 18 SUMMARY ...... 19 RECOMMENDATIONS...... 20 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 21 REFERENCES...... 22 APPENDIX 1 - TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM WATER, SEDIMENT, INVERTEBRATES AND FISH SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE KANSAS AND ARKANSAS BASINS ...... 26 APPENDIX 2 – ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE DATA COLLECTED FROM WATER SAMPLES IN THE KANSAS RIVER BASIN IN 2001...... 41 APPENDIX 3 - ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SEDIMENTS COLLECTED FROM THE KANSAS AND ARKANSAS BASINS ...... 44 APPENDIX 4 - PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN SEDIMENT AND INVERTEBRATE SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM STREAMS WITHIN THE ARKANSAS BASIN IN 2002 THAT WERE BELOW DETECTION LIMITS ...... 56

APPENDIX 5 - MAP AND KANSAS AND ARKANSAS BASINS SITES SAMPLED FOR WATER, SEDIMENTS, INVERTEBRATES AND FISH TABLES...... 59 APPENDIX 6 - SUMMARY OF FISH COLLECTED BY KANSAS DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE AND PARKS...... 62 APPENDIX 7 - ARKANSAS DARTER...... 76 APPENDIX 8 - TOPEKA SHINER ...... 78

ABSTRACT

Water quality impairments, dewatering and habitat alteration, have been identified as leading causes of the decline of numerous fish species in the Great Plains ecosystem. To evaluate the impacts of environmental contaminants on these species, biotic and abiotic samples were collected from sites at which our target species, Topeka shiner (Notropis Topeka) and Arkansas darter (Etheostoma cragini) still exist or have been extirpated. These samples were analyzed for a variety of organic and inorganic compounds. At sites where the target species are still present, measured chemical concentrations may be used to partially describe environmental conditions which support the existence of these species. This information may be used to define environmental conditions which would be suitable to support future fish population management or reintroduction efforts.

INTRODUCTION

The Arkansas darter (Etheostoma cragini), a federally listed candidate species and State listed threatened species; and the Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka), a federally listed endangered species and State listed threatened species, occur within the Arkansas, Kansas, Republican and Neosho River Basins in Kansas. In addition to the Arkansas darter and Topeka shiner, many other native plains fish in Kansas, and the entire Great Plains ecosystem, have declined precipitously, because of numerous habitat impacts, including dewatering of streams, water control structures, and water quality impairment (D. Mulhern, pers. comm. FWS Manhattan Kansas Field Office., Cross et al. 1985, Cross and Moss 1987; Eberle et al. 1989; Mulhern 1990; Tabor 1993). Consensus among U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) biologists, at a Great Plains prairie meeting in 1997, was that the loss of Great Plains fishes needs to be addressed soon (R. Nagel, pers. comm. FWS, Region 6, Denver) because of on-going habitat degradation and loss. The Native Aquatic Species Initiative developed by the Southern Mountain-Prairie Ecoteam (USFWS 1999) further identified stream-flow alterations, channelization, sedimentation, and contaminant inputs from municipal and industrial sources as factors impacting native fish communities. The rule listing the Topeka shiner as an endangered species (Federal Register 63, pages 69008-69021) listed eutrophication and sedimentation of small, headwater streams resulting from intensive agricultural practices as the factors most likely responsible for the decline of this species. In addition to eutrophication and sedimentation, other contaminants related to modern agricultural practices, such as insecticides and herbicides, may also enter these streams and adversely affect aquatic communities. Nutrification of surface waters can result from improper or uncontrolled releases of animal wastes from feedlots or confined animal feeding operations. The 1998 Water-Quality Limited Segments (303(d) list) (Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) 1991) listed a large percentage of stream segments in Kansas

1 as impaired by at least one of numerous factors, including selenium, ammonia, chlorides, pH, fecal coliform bacteria, and zinc. The 1998 303(d) list also listed almost all lakes and reservoirs as impaired by at least one of numerous factors, including eutrophication, siltation, chloride, and atrazine.

Historically, organochlorine pesticides were used in the Plains States. Organochlorine pesticides are persistent in aquatic environments and may illicit effects in aquatic organisms such as mortality resulting from exposure to low concentrations, carcinogenic effects, and effects related to endocrine system disruption (Colborn and Clement 1992, Colborn et al. 1993, MacLellan et al. 1996). Many of these compounds have been detected in groundwater samples collected throughout the conterminous United States (Barbash and Resek 1996), and could occur in groundwater and surface waters in the Lower Arkansas, Kansas-Lower Republican, and Neosho River drainages. In addition, atrazine, like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, is considered a possible endocrine system disruptor (Colborn and Clement 1992). Atrazine and other herbicides commonly used in the study area may affect fish through chronic exposure or indirectly by reducing the primary productivity of the aquatic system (Fischer-Scherl et al. 1991. Selenium occurs at high levels in some Kansas waterways (KDHE 1991).

The Service’s Manhattan, Kansas Ecological Services Field Office environmental contaminants staff, in 2001 and 2002, collected water, sediment, invertebrates and fish from twenty tributaries to the Lower Arkansas, Kansas-Lower Republican, and Neosho River drainages, to determine if pesticides, trace metals, and hydrocarbons may be contributing to the decline of the Arkansas darter and the Topeka shiner.

STUDY AREA AND METHODS

In 2001 and 2002, water, sediments, aquatic invertebrates, and small fish were collected for contaminant analysis. Water was analyzed for trace metals, cholinesterase inhibiting pesticide, and chlorphenoxy acid herbicide concentrations. Sediment samples were analyzed for organochlorine compound, trace element, and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations. Invertebrate and fish tissue samples were analyzed for organochlorine compound, petroleum hydrocarbons and trace element concentrations. Sampling efforts coincided with habitat surveys conducted by the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (KDWP). Sample collections were confined to the upper reaches of the Lower Arkansas/Neosho and Kansas watersheds. In 2001, samples were collected at the North Fork of the Ninnescah River, Elm Creek, upper and lower sites on the Chikaskia River, Thompson Creek, and Turkey Creek. These are representative locations in the Lower Arkansas River basin, in which Arkansas darters are presumed to still be

2 present. Samples were also collected at Sandy, Shoo Fly, Slate, and Cowskin Creek’s, where Arkansas darters are presumed to be extirpated. In 2002, samples were collected at Seven Mile, Little Arkansas, upper and lower Wildcat, and Wind Creeks, representative locations in the Kansas River basin, in which Topeka shiners are presumed to be present. Samples were also collected at Three Mile, Forsythe, Timber, Fox and Palmer Creeks, where Topeka shiners are presumed to be extirpated. At each site, two water, two composite sediment, two composite aquatic invertebrate, and two composite fish samples were collected for analysis. The target species for the fish collections was sand shiners (Notropis stramineus), which was assumed would be commonly found in both river systems (Cross and Collins 1975). Unfortunately, sand shiners were not available at all sampling sites and other species including the central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum), redfin shiner (Lythrurus umbratilis), red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) and common shiner (Luxilus cornutus) were collected where sand shiners were not available. This complicates data analysis because different species of fish tend to concentrate trace metals and organics at different levels. Stonerollers for example had much higher concentrations of trace metals than the shiner species sampled for this study. In addition at some sites the species of the fish that were analyzed were not determined and therefore are recorded as unknown. Invertebrates consisting of adult insects and small crustaceans representative of food that would be consumed by the fish species described above were collected. The concentrations of trace metals and organics can vary greatly between insects and crustaceans and there is no information to define within the data sets which species are being evaluated. In those instances where there are significant differences between the concentrations in the invertebrates and crustaceans, it is assumed that the crustaceans represent the higher values.

Fish were collected at each site by the KDWP. The fish collections data for each site can be found in Appendix 5. Topeka shiners were only found at one site, lower Wildcat Creek. The collections represented a very small reach of each stream segment. Not finding the endangered Topeka shiner or the candidate Arkansas darter in the streams where they are known to occur does not mean that the species are not present in this stream; only that it was not found at this time, in this reach, when the

3 sampling occurred. Sediment, invertebrate, and fish collections were done using the Kansas Field Office’s Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for field sampling (USFWS 1996). Quality Assurance Quality Control for all laboratory analyses was assured by the Service’s Analytical Control Facility (ACF). Concentrations are reported in µg/g or parts per million (ppm) dry weight (dw), unless otherwise noted, or if it refers to a concentration in water, it will be in µg/l parts per billion (ppb) wet weight (ww).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS

Organochlorine pesticide concentrations in water samples are shown in Appendix 2. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in fish, invertebrates, and sediment were below detection limits.

ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

Concentrations of aliphatic (alkanes) and aromatic hydrocarbons in invertebrate and sediment samples collected from tributaries within the Kansas River basin are shown in Appendix 3. Appendix 4 lists aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons which were analyzed for in sediment and invertebrate samples but fell below detection limits in all samples. Samples were analyzed for 27 different alkanes and 43 different aromatic hydrocarbons.

Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons may be derived from both endogenous and anthropogenic sources (Niimi and Palazzo 1986). Aromatic hydrocarbons may originate from the incomplete combustion of organic matter (such as range and forest fires, auto exhaust), and also petroleum spillage (Eisler 1987). Alkanes are also a major component of petroleum products (Sandmeyer 1981, National Academy of Science 1985). Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons may also be biogenically produced by microorganisms, algae, and macrophytes (Eisler 1987, Coates et al. 1986). The higher odd-numbered carbon n-alkanes (such as n-heneicosane (C21) are produced by terrestrial plants (Shaw et al. 1986). Some aromatic hydrocarbons are known to initiate carcinogenic and mutatgenic effects to biota (Eisler 1987). Current information suggests that aliphatic hydrocarbons are of relatively low toxicity compared to aromatic hydrocarbons.

Most of the aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in sediment and invertebrate samples were below detection limits (Appendix 4). The four aromatic hydrocarbons which were detected in a few samples occurred at relatively low concentrations ranging from 0.01-0.1 ppm ww.

A determination of the contribution of alkanes from petrogenic and biogenic sources is possible only on a relative basis. Several indices have been used to discern sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons (Columbo et al. 1989). A predominance of odd-numbered carbon alkanes is suggestive of a biogenic source (Sanders et al. 1980). The occurrence of phytane suggests a petrogenic source because it is rarely found in biogenic material (National Academy of Science 1985). The presence of pristane and phytane with relatively low values (<3) of C17 (n-heptadecane)/pristane and C18 (n-octadecane)/phytane indicate presence of degraded oil (Keizer et al. 1978). Equal concentrations of pristane and phytane (Pri/Phy) occur in petroleum contaminated samples (Gearing et al. 1976). The C16 ratio, which is the sum of all the

4 n-alkanes/n-C16 is usually high (i.e. 50) for biogenic materials and low (i.e. 15) in petrogenic samples (Columbo et al. 1989). Petrogenic compounds have close to a one-to-one ratio of odd- to-even carbon alkanes (Tran et al. 1997). The carbon preference index (CPI) is computed by the formula 2(C27 + C29)/(C26+2C28+C30). A CPI value below 3 is indicative of contamination by petrogenic sources (Farrington and Tripp 1977).

Using the odd/even ratio, the C16 ratio, the CPI, and the C17/pristane ratio, it appears that most of the alkanes in the sediment and invertebrate samples are from biogenic sources. The C18/phytane ratio and the pristane/phytane ratio indicate that some sediment and invertebrate samples contain alkanes from a petrogenic source. Alkanes detected at highest concentrations were n-tricosane (C23) and n-heneicosane (C21), which are both produced by terrestrial plants.

TRACE METALS

Aluminum

Aluminum is abundant in the earth’s crust and production and consumption of this metal is high. The largest contributor of anthropogenic aluminum to surface waters is the discharge of alum sludge from municipal water treatment plants. Aluminum is the third most common metal in the earths crust averaging 72,000 ppm in the conterminous United States (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Aluminum concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 34,800 ppm in Upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin to a low of 653 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The concentrations of aluminum in sediments from the Kansas basin were considerably higher than the concentrations in the Arkansas basin. The mean sediment concentration in the Kansas basin was 26,810 ppm, more than four times higher than the mean of 6,066 ppm in the Arkansas basin. In both areas the concentrations are below those known to be of concern to aquatic life. There was no appreciable difference between the concentrations in the areas where Arkansas darters or Topeka shiners occur or may potentially occur or are missing.

Aluminum concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 4,730 ppm in Forsythe Creek in the Kansas basin to 331 ppm in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean concentration of aluminum in invertebrates sampled from the Kansas basin was 2,430 ppm, more than twice the mean concentration of 907 ppm collected from the Arkansas basin. There was no appreciable difference between the concentrations in the areas where Topeka shiners and Arkansas darters occur or may potentially occur or are missing.

Aluminum concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 4,890 ppm in Palmer Creek to a low of 79 ppm in Wind Creek, both in the Kansas basin. The mean concentration of aluminum in fish sampled from the Kansas basin was 966 ppm, nearly three times the mean concentration of 369 ppm collected from the Arkansas basin.

5 The aluminum concentration in the fish collected in the reach where the Topeka shiner is missing was nearly five times higher than the concentrations where the Topeka shiner occurs or is known to occur. Unfortunately, not all of the species of fish collected for analysis during the study were the same and the data shows there is a significant difference in the aluminum concentrations found in stonerollers compared to the shiner species collected. We believe the difference can be contributed to the different way some fish accumulate metals rather than a significant difference between the sites where Topeka shiners occur or may potentially occur or are missing.

Arsenic

The major anthropogenic sources of arsenic include industrial smelters, coal-fired power plants, and production and use of arsenical pesticides. These anthropogenic inputs are significant and exceed the natural additions (i.e., rock weathering) of arsenic in the environment by a factor of three (Eisler 1994). Arsenic can cause bronchitis, pneumonia and gangrene. It is also a mutagen, teratogen, and carcinogen (Eisler 1988).

Arsenic concentrations in sediments were comparable to the average of United States soils of 5.2 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984) ranging from a high of 8 ppm in Upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 0.87 ppm in samples collected from the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean concentration of arsenic collected from sediments in the Kansas basin was 5.4 ppm, a little over twice as high as the mean concentration of 2 ppm collected from the Arkansas basin. There was no appreciable difference between the arsenic concentrations in areas where Topeka shiners and Arkansas darters occur or may potentially occur or are missing.

Arsenic concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 4.27 ppm in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of 0.4 ppm in Timber Creek in the Kansas basin. The mean concentration of arsenic collected from invertebrates in the Kansas basin was 2.07 ppm, which was very comparable to the mean of 2.28 ppm collected from the Arkansas basin. There was no appreciable difference between the invertebrate arsenic concentrations in areas where Topeka shiners and Arkansas darters occur or may potentially occur or are missing.

Arsenic concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 2.2 ppm in Palmer Creek in the Kansas basin, to below detection (<0.2) at several sites. The mean concentration in the Kansas basin was 0.72 ppm, comparable to the mean of 0.53 ppm in the Arkansas basin. In the Arkansas

6 basin, the arsenic concentration at sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur and sites where they are missing was almost identical. However, in the Kansas basin, the mean concentration of arsenic in the sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 0.42 ppm, less than half the mean concentration of 1.02 ppm where Topeka shiners are missing. Background concentrations of arsenic in freshwater systems are generally less than 1 ppm ww. (3.8 ppm dw) (Eisler 1994). Therefore, even though the concentration in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners are missing is more than twice as high as the sites where shiners occur or are known to occur, the concentration was well below nation wide background concentrations of 1 ppm ww. In addition, stonerollers had a much higher overall concentration of arsenic than the shiner species collected. If shiners are compared to shiners or stonerollers compared to stonerollers, in the areas where shiners occur or may potentially occur or are missing, then both areas are very comparable.

Barium

Barium is a relatively abundant element found commonly throughout the environment. Barium is used as an additive to drilling fluid in oil and gas wells which accounts for 90 percent of barium usage (Moore 1991). Anthropogenic inputs or releases of barium results from mining, refining and processing barium ore as well as burning of fossil fuels (International Programme on Chemical Safety, 1990a). The mean barium concentration in soils in the conterminous United States is 440 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Barium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 393 ppm at Timber Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 34.3 ppm at the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean average barium concentration in the Kansas basin was 229 ppm, almost twice the mean concentration in the Arkansas basin of 126 ppm. There was no significant difference between the sites where Arkansas darters or Topeka shiners occur or may potentially occur or are missing. The concentrations, even though nearly twice as high in the Kansas basin as compared to the Arkansas basin, are still well below the mean of soils within the United States. It is assumed barium would have little impact at the reported concentrations in sediments.

Barium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 341 ppm in Palmer Creek in the Kansas basin to a low of 42 ppm at Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean barium concentration in invertebrates in the Kansas basin was 221 ppm, higher than the mean of 142.5 ppm in the Arkansas basin. There was no significant difference between the sites where Arkansas darters or Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur or missing. It is interesting to note that mean concentrations for invertebrates were similar to sediment concentrations within their respective basins

7 Barium concentrations in Fish ranged from a high of 109 ppm at Palmer Creek to a low of 13 ppm in the Chikaskia River, both in the Kansas basin. The mean barium concentration in the Kansas basin was 34.3 ppm, compared to the mean of 44.5 ppm in the Arkansas basin. The mean average concentration of barium in sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 21 ppm, less than half the concentration of 48 ppm where darters are missing. There is limited data concerning the impact of barium to fish, however, since the concentration in the fish at the site where Topeka shiners are missing is twice as high as the sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur, additional studies may be needed to further evaluate this difference.

Beryllium

The major source of beryllium in the environment is the combustion of fossil fuels. Entry into aquatic environments occurs via atmospheric deposition, weathering of rocks and soils, as well as municipal/industrial point source impacts (USEPA 1980). The toxicity of beryllium increases in soft water and the solubility of beryllium salts changes dramatically with changes in Ph (Wilbur 1980). The mean beryllium concentration in soils of the conterminous United States is 0.63 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984), information is not available for Kansas but, sediments in Illinois ranged from 1.4-7.4 ppm (International Programme on Chemical Safety 1990b).

Beryllium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 1.4 ppm in Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin to a low of below detection at most sites in the Arkansas basin. Based on the information from Illinois, described above, the concentrations in stream segments sampled were considerably lower than those found in Illinois. The mean average of beryllium sediment samples collected from the Kansas basin was 1.1 ppm, slightly higher than the average of soil samples collected within the conterminous United States. There was very little difference between the sites within the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur and those where they are missing. There was a significant difference between the beryllium concentrations in the Kansas and Arkansas basins. Within the Arkansas basin only three samples were above lab detection limits. This difference is assumed to be from the different soils within the two basins.

Beryllium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 0.2 ppm at Forsyth Creek in the Kansas basin with most samples being below or near detection limits within both the Arkansas and Kansas River basins. Beryllium is not suspected to be an element of concern within either basin.

Beryllium concentrations in fish were generally near the detection limit and there was no significant difference between basins or sites with and without the target species.

8 Boron

Boron is an essential trace element for the growth and development of higher plants, but is not required in fungi or animals (Eisler 1990). Anthropogenic sources of boron in the environment include laundry products, agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, coal combustion, mining and processing (Eisler 1990). The average boron concentration in soils in the conterminous United States is 26 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Boron concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 30 ppm at Forsythe and Upper Wildcat Creeks in the Kansas basin, to a low of 2.8 ppm at Cowskin Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean sediment boron concentration in the Kansas basin was 19.5 ppm, which was more than twice the mean average concentration of 7.84 ppm in the Arkansas basin. Two sites in the Kansas basin exceeded the national average in soils, but the average concentrations of all sites sampled were below the national average. The sediment boron concentrations in sites where both the Topeka shiners and Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur or are missing, were nearly identical.

Boron concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 2 ppm at several sites in the Kansas basin, to 10.3 ppm at Shoo Fly Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean concentration of boron from sediments sampled in the Kansas basin was 2.1 ppm; nearly four times lower than the average of 8.2 ppm in the Arkansas basin. There was no appreciable difference between the sites in the Kansas or Arkansas basins where Topeka shiners or Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur or are missing.

Boron concentrations in fish ranged from 8.16 ppm at Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin, to 2 ppm at most sites in the Kansas basin. The mean fish boron concentration in the Arkansas basin was 2.3 ppm, half of the mean concentration of 5.7 ppm in the Arkansas basin. Boron concentrations in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners occur or may occur was 2.0 ppm compared to 2.6 ppm where they are missing. This compares to the Arkansas basin where mean boron concentrations were 6.0 ppm in sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur, compared to 5.4 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing.

Cadmium

Cadmium is relatively rare and is commercially obtained as a by-product of the production of zinc, copper and lead. Major uses of cadmium are in electroplating or in alloys as protection against corrosion, batteries, ceramics, and the manufacturing of plastic stabilizers (Eisler 2000). Anthropogenic sources of cadmium include refining and smelting, manufacturing processes, municipal wastewater and fertilizers (Eisler 2000). Cadmium is not a biologically essential

9 element and is toxic to all forms of life; it is a known carcinogen, teratogen and possible mutagen (Eisler 2000). Cadmium load in soils and terrestrial biota tends to be increasing in industrialized countries and concentrations in individuals tend to be higher near industrial or urbanized areas (Eisler 2000).

Cadmium concentrations in sediment were at or near detection limits for most sites sampled. The highest reported sediment cadmium concentration was 1.3 ppm at Three Mile Creek in the Kansas basin. Cadmium concentrations in the Arkansas basin were very comparable in areas where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur or are missing. Within the Kansas basin, the area where the Topeka shiners are missing was considerably higher at 0.505 ppm, than the sites where the shiners occur or are known to occur 0.35 ppm (Test, P=0.19).

Cadmium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 1.5 ppm at Arkansas Creek in the Kansas basin, to below detection in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean invertebrate cadmium concentration in the Kansas basin was 0.6 ppm, where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur, compared to 0.53 ppm, where Topeka shiners are missing. In the Arkansas basin, the mean average cadmium concentration in invertebrates was 0.62 ppm at the sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur, compared to 0.43 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters are missing.

Cadmium concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 0.639 ppm in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin (the site that had the lowest invertebrate concentration), to a low of below detection at most sites in the Kansas basin. There was no significant difference between the sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur or are missing. The mean average fish cadmium concentration in the Arkansas basin was 0.49 ppm where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur, compared to 0.38 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing.

Chromium

Chromium is commonly found in the environment. Chromium levels are elevated in soil, air, water and biota in areas near electroplating industries, municipal treatment facilities, oil drilling operations and cooling towers (Eisler 2000). Chromium used in fertilizers may be an important source of chromium in soil, water and some foods (Langard and Norseth 1979). At high levels chromium is a mutagen, teratogen and carcinogen, however, sensitivity to chromium varies widely, even among closely related species (Eisler 2000). Diet concentrations that exceed 10 ppm could have adverse effects to sensitive species and concentrations in tissue in excess of 4 ppm should be viewed as presumptive evidence of chromium contamination, however, the significance of tissue chromium residues is unknown (Eisler 2000).

Chromium concentrations in sediments ranged from a high of 37 ppm in Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin to a low of 3 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean chromium sediment concentration in the Kansas basin was more than twice as high, 29.5 ppm, as the mean of 12.48 ppm in the Arkansas basin.

Chromium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 56.1 ppm in Shoo Fly Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of 1.9 ppm in Palmer Creek in the Kansas basin. The mean

10 chromium invertebrate concentration of 24.5 ppm, in the Arkansas basin, was nearly seven times higher than the mean average chromium concentration of 3.6 ppm, in the Kansas basin. This is an inverse of chromium concentrations found in the sediments. The mean concentration of chromium in sediment at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur or are missing was nearly the same, however, in the Arkansas basin the sites where Arkansas darters were missing was 29.7 ppm, nearly twice as high (15.5 ppm), as where they occur or are known to occur. No biomagnification of chromium has been observed in food chains, and concentrations are usually lowest in the lowest trophic levels (Eisler 2000).

Chromium concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 181 ppm, in Thompson Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of below detection at most sites in the Kansas basin. The mean chromium fish concentration in the Arkansas basin was 37.5 ppm, twenty-five times higher than the mean average of 1.45 ppm, in the Kansas basin. The mean average chromium concentration in the Arkansas basin sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 56.2 ppm, three times higher than 18.75 ppm at the sites where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean concentration at sites where Topeka shiners are missing was 2.19 ppm, three times higher than 0.71 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur.

The average chromium concentrations in sediment, invertebrates, and fish collected from the Arkansas and Kansas basins are shown below.

Sediment Invertebrates Fish Kansas Basin 29.5 3.6 1.45 Arkansas Basin 12.5 24.5 37.5

In the Kansas basin, chromium was highest in sediments and lowest in fish. This tracks with Eisler’s observations. However the data from the Arkansas basin is contrary, showing an exact opposite track. The source of chromium and the effect of chromium on the environment in this case are unknown, but may warrant further study to determine the significance of these results.

Copper

Copper is a required nutrient for plants and animals but is toxic at levels only slightly higher than those required nutritionally (USEPA 1985b). The United States is the major producer and consumer of copper and its compounds (Eisler 2000). Most anthropogenic releases to the environment come from activities such as mining and smelting, industrial emission and effluents, municipal waste, sewage sludge and combustion of fossil fuels. Copper compounds are also used in fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides, medical products, food industry and wood preservatives (Eisler 2000). Copper and its compounds are not carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic at environmental realistic concentrations (Eisler 2000).

Copper concentrations in sediments ranged from a high of 93.6 ppm to a low of 1.44 ppm, both from samples collected on the same day from the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. This high number is most likely an anomaly; it is either an error in the data, or the copper can be attributed to metal fragments present in the sediment sample. Excluding the high copper concentration of 93.6 ppm from the data set results in a mean copper concentration of 5.6 ppm in sediment from the Arkansas basin sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur

11 which is comparable to the mean of 5.9 ppm, where Arkansas darters are missing. The mean copper concentration in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur is 12.4 ppm, compared to 11.7 ppm where Topeka shiners are missing. Sediment from uncontaminated sites ranged around 10 ppm (Eisler 2000) therefore; it is believed that of the sites sampled, none were contaminated.

Copper concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 128 ppm, in Seven Mile Creek, in the Kansas basin to a low of 2.3 ppm, in Turkey Creek, in the Arkansas basin. The mean copper concentration in invertebrates from the Arkansas basin, where Arkansas Darters occur or are known to occur, was 48.1 ppm, compared to 75.3 ppm, where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean copper concentration in invertebrates at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 92.7 ppm, significantly higher (p = .02) compared to 67.3 ppm where Topeka shiners are missing. In both basins, the residues were higher in the sites where the target species occur or are known to occur compared to the sites where they are missing.

Copper concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 9.9 ppm in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of 1.7 ppm in Wind Creek in the Kansas basin. Copper concentrations in fish from the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 7.6 ppm, compared to 7.0 ppm where Arkansas darters were not present. The mean copper concentrations were lower in fish from the Kansas basin, ranging from 2.8 ppm, where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur compared to 4.1 ppm where they are missing. Limited fish residue data in the Arkansas basin, where Arkansas darters are missing, limits the value of this data set.

Iron

Iron is a required nutrient for nearly all organisms (National Research Council 1979). It is used for the production of steel and is the forth most abundant element in the earth’s crust (Moore 1991). Natural erosion is responsible for the majority of iron delivered to the aquatic environment, although anthropogenic activities such as mining and municipal effluents also deliver iron to the aquatic environment (Moore 1991).

Iron concentrations in sediments collected from all sites were below the average of 26,000 ppm for the conterminous United States (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984). Mean iron concentrations in sediment were more than twice as high in the Kansas basin at 18,667 ppm, as compared to 7,047 ppm in the Arkansas basin. Iron concentrations in sediment within the basins were comparable at sites with and without target species.

Iron concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 2,920 ppm in Forsythe Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 504 ppm in Cowskin Creek in the Arkansas basin. Mean invertebrate iron concentrations were nearly twice as high in the Kansas basin at 1,590.5 ppm, as compared to 789.2 ppm in the Arkansas basin. Invertebrate iron concentrations within the basins were comparable at sites with and without target species.

Iron concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 2,700 ppm in Palmer Creek, to a low of 86 ppm in Little Arkansas Creek, both in the Kansas basin. Mean iron concentrations in fish were nearly identical in both the Kansas basin at 603 ppm, compared to 600 ppm in the Arkansas basin. Iron

12 concentrations in fish were more than four times higher 979 ppm in sites where Topeka shiners are missing compared to 226.5 ppm where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur. Iron concentrations in fish were only slightly higher 650 ppm in the Arkansas basin sites where Arkansas darters are missing compared to 550 ppm where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur.

Lead

More than 4 million metric tons of lead is produced worldwide annually. Lead is used in the manufacturing of storage batteries, gasoline additives, pigments, alloys and ammunition (Eisler 2000). Lead is neither essential, nor beneficial, and is toxic to living organisms in most of its chemical forms. Lead is a mutagen, teratogen, when adsorbed in excess amounts, and has carcinogenic properties (Eisler 2000). Lead concentrations are usually highest in ecosystems nearest lead mining, smelting and refining activities, industrial and urbanized areas, and areas with heavy hunting or military operations (Eisler 2000).

Lead concentrations in sediment ranged from 2 ppm in Palmer Creek in the Kansas basin, to below detection in all of the Arkansas basin sites. Most lead discharged into surface water is rapidly incorporated into suspended bottom sediments which represents the largest global reservoir of lead (Eisler 2000). Lead concentrations in sediment are not considered a concern within the sampled area.

Lead concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 4 ppm in Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin, to below detection at all but one site in the Arkansas basin. Mean lead concentrations in invertebrates were slightly higher at 2.09 ppm in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters are missing, compared to 1.81 ppm where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur. Wildcat Creek is on the Fort Riley military base, and the slightly elevated concentration could be associated with spent ammunition from the military operations.

Lead concentrations in fish ranged from 2 ppm in Palmer Creek, in the Kansas basin, to below detection at all sites sampled in the Arkansas basin. Lead concentrations are assumed to be of little concern from the sites sampled for all tissues that were analyzed.

13 Magnesium

All chlorophyllous plants require magnesium, and it is generally not a limiting factor in most aquatic systems (Wetzel 1983). Magnesium concentrations average around 9,000 ppm within soils of the conterminous United States. (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Magnesium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 10,400 ppm in Timber Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 235 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean concentration of magnesium in sediments in the Arkansas basin at sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 1,862.8 ppm, nearly half the mean of 3,234.4 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, there was very little difference in magnesium concentrations in sediment between the sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur and those sites where they are missing. However, the mean magnesium sediment concentration of all samples collected from the Kansas basin was 6,696 ppm, more than twice the mean concentration of sediment samples collected from the Arkansas basin.

Magnesium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 2,860 ppm at Wind Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 337 ppm in Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin. Concentrations of magnesium in invertebrates were comparable throughout both basins at sites with and without the target species.

Magnesium concentrations in fish were comparable at all sites sampled within the Kansas and Arkansas basins, as well as sites where the target fish species were present and not present. It is not believed that magnesium is an element of concern within the study area.

Manganese

Manganese is detected widely in sediments and concentrations can be quite variable (Stubblefield et al.1997). Manganese is used mainly in metal alloys (Moore 1991), and concentrations adjacent or downstream of mining or smelting operations are often elevated as a result of point and non-point discharges.

Manganese concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 2,720 ppm in Upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 80.8 ppm in Elm Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean manganese concentrations at sites in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 320 ppm, lower than the mean of 396 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean manganese concentration at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 922.5 ppm, nearly twice as high as the mean of 545 ppm, at sites where Topeka shiners are missing. However, if Upper Wildcat is removed, the means are almost identical. Upper Wildcat Creek has a mean four times higher than the mean of all sites within the Kansas basin. There may be a source of manganese in Wildcat Creek that needs to be assessed; however, it does not appear the concentrations are detrimental to the aquatic life within the creek.

Manganese concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 744 ppm at Upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 62.8 ppm at Cowskin Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean

14 manganese concentration in invertebrates at sites in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 126 ppm, slightly lower than the mean of 159 ppm at sites where Arkansas Darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean concentration at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 503 ppm, higher than the mean of 364 ppm at the sites where Topeka shiners are missing.

Fish manganese samples ranged from a high of 233 ppm in Palmer Creek, to a low of 15 ppm in Little Arkansas Creek, both in the Kansas basin. The mean manganese concentrations in fish at sites in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 35.2 ppm, lower than the mean of 54.4 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean concentration at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 48 ppm, less than half the concentration of 92.4 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners are missing. This is a reverse of concentrations seen in sediments and invertebrates in the Kansas basin.

Mercury and Molybdenum

Mercury and molybdenum concentrations in sediment, invertebrates and fish were all at, or below detection limits within both the Arkansas and Kansas basins.

Nickel

Nickel is ubiquitous in the biosphere and is contributed into the environment from natural and human sources (Eisler 2000). Nickel contamination of the environment occurs locally from emissions of metal mining, smelting, refining operations, combustion of fossil fuels, application of nickel containing fungicides that are used in growing crops and sludge application or application of sludge as fertilizer (Eisler 2000).

Nickel concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 25 ppm at Palmer Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 2.4 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The average for all soils in the conterminous United States is 13 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984). The mean for sediments in the Kansas basin was 29.1 ppm, more than twice the United States average in soils. Nickel concentrations in sediment at sites with and without Topeka shiners were nearly identical. In the Arkansas basin, the mean sediment concentration was 9.6 ppm. Nickel concentrations in sediment at sites with and without Arkansas darters were nearly identical. Mean nickel concentrations in sediment were more than three times higher in the Kansas basin than in the Arkansas basin.

Nickel concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 27.5 ppm in Shoo Fly Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of 2.1 ppm in Little Arkansas Creek in the Kansas basin. The mean for all samples collected in the Kansas basin was 2.76 ppm. Nickel concentrations in invertebrates at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur and those where they are missing were nearly identical. In the Arkansas basin the mean nickel concentration in invertebrates was 13 ppm. The mean nickel concentrations in invertebrates at sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 10.0 ppm compared to 16.1 ppm where darters are missing. Nickel concentrations in invertebrates were nearly 5 times higher in the Arkansas basin, a reverse of the mean concentrations in sediments.

15 Nickel concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 79 ppm in Elm Creek in the Arkansas basin to a low of below detection at nine sites in the Kansas basin. The mean nickel concentration in the Arkansas basin, at sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 29.4 ppm, nearly three times higher than the 10.8 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters are missing. The mean nickel concentration for all sites in the Kansas basin was 0.95 ppm; more than 25 times lower than the mean nickel concentration of 27 ppm in fish within the Arkansas basin.

Nickel concentrations in invertebrates and fish were considerably higher in the Arkansas basin as compared to the Kansas basin. The concentrations, although higher in the Arkansas basin, are still well below what are considered levels of concern (Eisler 2000). However, determining the source of the higher nickel concentrations in the Arkansas basin may be worth further evaluation.

Selenium

Selenium is an essential micronutrient, however, levels that exceed the capacity of metabolic regulation leads to toxicity. The two major anthropogenic activities that contribute to elevated levels of selenium are burning fossil fuels and irrigation of seleniferous soils in semiarid regions of the country (Lemly 1996). In fish, toxic levels of selenium can result in loss of equilibrium, loss of coordination, reproductive deformities or total failure (Lemly 1996).

Selenium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 1 ppm at Timber Creek in the Kansas basin, to below detection limits at most other sites in both the Arkansas and Kansas basins. Selenium concentrations in sediment that exceeded 4 ppm could be of potential concern for fish and waterfowl (Lemly and Smith 1987). Sediment selenium concentrations from the samples collected were below concentrations of concern.

Selenium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 2.2 ppm in Timber Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 0.94 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean selenium concentration in sediment from the Kansas basin was 1.4 ppm. In the Arkansas basin, the mean concentration was 1.04 ppm, comparable in both basins. The toxic threshold for aquatic food chain concentrations, which would include invertebrates, is 3 ppm. Concentrations at or below 3 ppm should provide protection for all aquatic life (Lemly 1996). Concentrations at all sites sampled in the Arkansas and Kansas basins were below the toxicity threshold.

Selenium concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 5.1 ppm in Timber and Little Arkansas Creeks in the Kansas basin, to a low of 0.6 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean concentration in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur

16 was 4.0 ppm, compared to 2.56 ppm where Topeka shiners are missing. In the Arkansas basin, sites with and without Arkansas darters were very comparable. Thresholds for tissue concentrations that affect the health and reproductive success of freshwater fish is 4 ppm for whole body fish (Lemly 1996). Some fish species have a much higher tolerance than others, and further study is needed to determine concentrations of concern for individual species within the basins. Within the areas sampled, Wildcat and Little Arkansas Creeks in the Kansas basin were the only two sites that had concentrations that exceeded Lemly’s selenium tissue concentrations of concern.

Strontium

Non-radioactive strontium is not known to be toxic (Pais and Jones 1997). An average concentration of strontium in soils within the conterminous United States is 120 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Strontium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 167 ppm in Timber Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 6.9 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean strontium concentration in sediments in the Arkansas basin sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 68.5 ppm, higher than the mean of 42.5 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing. In the Kansas basin, the mean strontium concentration in sediment at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 86.6 ppm, nearly half the concentration of 133.5 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners are missing.

Strontium concentrations in invertebrate ranged from 688 ppm at Timber Creek in the Kansas basin to 86 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean strontium concentration in invertebrates at sites in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 114 ppm, less than half the mean of 299 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters are missing. The mean strontium concentration of 449 ppm in invertebrates in the Kansas basin, where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was comparable to 487 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners are missing. The strontium concentrations in invertebrates were much higher in the Kansas basin than in the Arkansas basin. However, there is no information stating that strontium is a concern at any concentration.

Strontium concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 194 ppm in Thompson Creek to a low of 70 ppm in Elm Creek both in the Arkansas basin. The mean strontium concentration in fish at sites within the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 85 ppm, compared to 98 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing. The mean fish strontium concentrations in the Kansas basin were 96 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur which was comparable to 113 ppm at sites where they are missing.

17 Vanadium

Vanadium is used in metallurgy, dyes, inks and paints as well as being used as a catalyst in the production of polymeric plastics (Moore 1991). The major anthropogenic source of vanadium in the environment results from the combustion of oil and coal (Moore 1991). The average concentration of vanadium in soils within the conterminous United States is 58 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen 1984).

Vanadium concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 57 ppm in upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 4.1 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. The mean sediment vanadium concentration was 9.4 ppm in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was comparable to 9.3 ppm where they are missing. Mean vanadium sediment concentrations in the Kansas basin were more than four times higher than those recorded in the Arkansas basin. Within the Kansas basin, the mean vanadium concentration in sediments where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 47.1 ppm compared to 41.6 ppm where they are missing. All sites were below the average concentrations for soils reported by Shacklette and Boerngen.

Vanadium concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 9.1 ppm in Forsythe Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of 1.36 ppm in the Chikaskia River in the Kansas basin. The mean invertebrate vanadium concentration was 2.1 ppm in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur compared to 1.9 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing. Mean vanadium invertebrate concentrations were 4.86 ppm in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur comparable to 5.43 ppm where they are missing. Mean vanadium invertebrate concentrations were twice as high in the Kansas basin compared to the Arkansas basin.

Vanadium concentrations in fish ranged form a high of 7.9 ppm in Palmer Creek in the Arkansas basin, to a low of below detection at two sites in the Kansas and Arkansas basins. Mean fish vanadium concentrations were more than three times higher 3.12 ppm at sites in the Kansas basin where Topeka shiners are missing, compared to 0.99 ppm where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur. In the Arkansas basin, the mean fish vanadium concentration where Arkansas darters are known to occur was half the concentration of 0.8 ppm, as compared to1.7 ppm where Arkansas darter are not present.

Zinc

Zinc is an essential trace element for all living things. Zinc deficiency results in a number of issues in animals including growth retardation, testicular atrophy, skin changes and poor appetite (Eisler 2000). Zinc poisoning has been documented in fish birds and livestock. Zinc in the aquatic environment is of particular importance because the gills of fish are physically damaged by high concentrations of zinc (Eisler 2000). Zinc is mainly used in the production of noncorrosive alloys, brass and in galvanizing steel and iron products. Major sources of anthropogenic zinc being discharged into the environment include smelting, ore processing, active and inactive mining operations, combustion of fossil fuels and erosion of agricultural fields. Most of the zinc introduced into the environment is portioned into the sediments (Eisler

18 2000). Zinc interacts with numerous chemicals, sometimes producing greatly different patterns of accumulation, metabolism and toxicity when compared to zinc alone (Eisler 2000). The average concentration of zinc in soils within the conterminous United States is 180 ppm (Shacklette and Boerngen).

Zinc concentrations in sediment ranged from a high of 97 ppm at Forsythe Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 5.26 ppm at the Chikaskia River in the Arkansas basin. There is an outlier in this data set, a concentration of 745 ppm in upper Slate Creek, which compares to 30.6 ppm collected at the lower end of the same site. QA/QC by the Analytical Control Facility showed no errors with the reported data, so it could have been that a particle of sediment collected within the sample had a high zinc concentration leading to this outlier. This value was basically ignored in the data set due to the unusual concentration compared to all others collected within both basins. Within the Arkansas basin, where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur the mean sediment zinc concentration was 16.7 ppm compared to 22.8 ppm where Arkansas darters are missing (removing the 745 ppm outlier from the data set). The mean zinc sediment concentration was very comparable within the Kansas basin. Mean zinc concentrations in sediment where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur was 59 ppm, compared to 62 ppm where they are not present. Zinc concentrations in sediment in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur was 16.7 ppm, compared to 113 ppm where Arkansas darters are not present (removing the 745 ppm outlier from the data set).

Zinc concentrations in invertebrates ranged from a high of 145 ppm in Forsythe Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 17.1 ppm at Turkey Creek in the Arkansas basin. The mean invertebrate zinc concentrations in the Arkansas basin were 44.8 ppm at sites where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur comparable to 47.6ppm where they are missing. Mean zinc invertebrates concentrations in the Kansas basin were 60 ppm where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur, compared to 72.4 ppm where Topeka shiners are missing. Overall, the mean zinc concentrations were slightly higher in the Kansas basin compared to the Arkansas basin. This is the opposite of what we saw in the sediment concentrations described above.

Zinc concentrations in fish ranged from a high of 321 ppm in Fox Creek in the Kansas basin, to a low of 99 ppm in Seven Mile Creek, also in the Kansas basin. The mean fish zinc concentration was 169 ppm in the Arkansas basin where Arkansas darters occur or are known to occur which was lower when compared to 284 ppm where they are missing. The mean zinc concentration in fish from the Kansas basin was 187 ppm at sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur, compared to 176 ppm where they are missing. Overall, the mean zinc concentrations in fish were comparable between the Kansas and Arkansas basins.

SUMMARY

The Arkansas basin data set for invertebrates was missing data from nearly one half of the sites due to a loss of the samples during shipping. Comparing the data between sites where Arkansas darters are known to occur and not known to occur, the data didn’t show any obvious differences that might lead to trace metals being a major concern for the difference between sites with and without Arkansas darters. However, additional data could provide a better statistical comparison of the sites. The fish collections suffered from the same issue described above. However, it was

19 the sites where Arkansas darters are not known to occur that made comparisons difficult due to the overall lack of samples within the data set. In addition, different species of fish were collected at several of the sites, which make comparison of trace metal concentrations difficult because of the way different fish species metabolize different trace metals.

The results indicated that most of the aliphatic hydrocarbons were below detection. The aliphatic hydrocarbons that were at or above detection are included in Appendix E. The results indicated that there was no appreciable difference between the sites where Topeka shiners occur or are known to occur compared to the sites where Topeka shiners are missing. The data show that aliphatic hydrocarbons at the time of collection were not a concern for the fish within the study area. One site, Three Mile Creek, stood out within the data collection, as it had higher concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons in invertebrates and sediments than any of the other sites. The concentrations at Three Mile Creek, even though they were higher than most of the other sites, were still well below levels of concern reported by Buchman (1999).

It is difficult to draw any definitive conclusions from the inorganic data set. There are some anomalies that could be addressed if additional studies are deemed necessary from this baseline inventory. Chromium should be evaluated further because of the convoluted nature of the concentrations between sediments, invertebrates and fish within the Arkansas and Kansas basins. Manganese concentrations in Upper Wildcat Creek in the Kansas basin seem to be an anomaly that should be checked out. There may be a source of manganese within this drainage that may be a concern to aquatic life. There is no indication that high manganese concentrations resulted in a decrease in the fishery resources within Wildcat Creek from the fish collections conducted by the KDWP. Nickel concentrations in invertebrates and fish were considerably higher in the Arkansas basin, as compared to the Kansas basin. The concentrations, although higher in the Arkansas basin, are still well below what are considered levels of concern (Eisler 2000). However, determining the source of the higher nickel concentrations in the Arkansas basin may be worth further evaluation.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The objective of this study was to determine environmental conditions at habitats in which the fishes of concern (Arkansas darters and Topeka shiners) are still present, and therefore, develop threshold contaminant criteria to manage and protect these habitats and to evaluate potential recovery sites. The chemical concentrations reported for sites at which fishes of concern still exist describe environmental conditions which support the existence of these species. The results of this study will be provided to Endangered Species and other fishery management staff in Kansas and other Great Plains states to: (1) focus management actions of declining fish to prevent listing, (2) assist management of listed species and species of concern, (3) assist the listing and recovery process by providing contaminants information to aid in the development of recovery plans, and (4) support the Objectives identified by the Southern Mountain-Prairie Ecoteam (USFWS 1999) in the Native Aquatic Species Initiative. The results of this study will also be provided to the KDWP-Environmental Services section and the Service’s Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program to identify stream reaches where alternative land management practices to reduce contaminant impacts may be implemented.

20 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Authors wish to thank the following people for the assistance provided to the completion of this study. Dr. George Allen and Larry Gamble of the Fish and Wildlife Service-Division of Environmental Contaminants provided technical assistance to the development of the study design and completion of the final report. Laurie Bjornestad, Administrative Support Assistant in the Grand Junction Field Office spent countless hours converting the tables from Excel to Microsoft Word to make them fit into the document as well as reviewing and incorporating numerous other additions and changes into the document. Her assistance in preparing this document was invaluable. Vernon Tabor and Dan Mulhern of the Fish and Wildlife Service- Endangered Species Program provided biological expertise on the target species of concern and site selection. Chris Mammolitti and Ryan Waters of the KDWP-Environmental Services Section provided logistical assistance with site selection and sample collection. Mark Van Scoyoc, Stream Monitoring Program Coordinator, KDHE provided invaluable information on site locations and maps for fish collections conducted for this study. Michele McNulty of the Fish and Wildlife Service-Kansas Field Office coordinated sampling schedules, and managed sample storage and shipment.

This study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Division of Environmental Contaminants Program, FFS # 6F44, DEC # 200160001.

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1985b. Ambient water quality criteria for copper: Washington D.C. Office of Water Regulations and Standards, EPA 440/5-84-031.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1996. Environmental contaminants standard operating procedures for the Kansas Field Office. Volumes I-IV, as modified.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1999. Native Aquatic Species Initiative. Southern Mountain-Prairie Ecoteam. 2 pp.

Wetzel, R.G. 1983. Limnology second edition. Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Ft. Worth, TX, USA. 767 pp.

Wilber, C.G. 1980. Beryllium- A Potential Environmental Contaminant. Charles C. Thomas Publishing, Springfield Illinois, USA.

25 Appendix 1 - Trace Metal Concentrations from Water, Sediment, Invertebrates and Fish Samples Collected in the Kansas and Arkansas Basins

26 02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin *Arkansas Sample Sample Collection Al As B Ba Be Cd Cr Cu Fe Metals in Water Darter ID Matrix Date ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P F02WQ001 Water 6/17/2002 3.36 0.0031 0.05 0.2 0.0005 0.0005 0.003 0.004 1.9 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P F02WQ008 Water 6/17/2002 9.11 0.0038 0.05 0.247 0.0005 0.0005 0.0091 0.005 5 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P F02WQ015 Water 6/18/2002 0.31 0.0042 0.05 0.168 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.33 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P F02WQ022 Water 6/18/2002 0.95 0.0046 0.04 0.179 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.72 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ029 Water 6/20/2002 3.11 0.006 0.05 0.234 0.0005 0.0005 0.003 0.002 1.9 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ036 Water 6/20/2002 2.63 0.0061 0.06 0.235 0.0005 0.0005 0.003 0.003 1.5 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ085 Water 6/25/2002 1.2 0.0062 0.05 0.187 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.87 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ092 Water 6/25/2002 7.85 0.0066 0.06 0.257 0.0005 0.0005 0.008 0.003 4.8 Lower Wind Cr. P F02WQ099 Water 6/26/2002 3.1 0.0072 0.04 0.156 0.0005 0.0005 0.003 0.002 1.8 Upper Wind Cr. P F02WQ106 Water 6/26/2002 4.84 0.0062 0.04 0.204 0.0005 0.0005 0.004 0.002 2.8 Mean Average 3.65 0.0054 0.049 0.207 0.0005 0.0005 0.0039 0.0027 2.162

Lower Timber Cr. NP F02WQ043 Water 6/27/2002 4.4 0.0079 0.05 0.299 0.0005 0.0005 0.004 0.002 2.7 Upper Timber Cr. NP F02WQ050 Water 6/27/2002 2.8 0.0085 0.04 0.278 0.0005 0.0005 0.003 0.002 1.8 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP F02WQ057 Water 6/19/2002 4 0.003 0.23 0.088 0.0005 0.0005 0.004 0.005 2.3 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP F02WQ064 Water 6/19/2002 1.2 0.003 0.23 0.06 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.004 0.85 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP F02WQ071 Water 6/19/2002 0.59 0.003 0.06 0.211 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.51 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP F02WQ078 Water 6/19/2002 6.9 0.0042 0.05 0.277 0.0005 0.0005 0.0063 0.002 4.1 Lower Fox Cr. NP F02WQ113 Water 7/22/2002 1.6 0.003 0.06 0.143 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 1.1 Upper Fox Cr. NP F02WQ120 Water 7/22/2002 1 0.003 0.05 0.133 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.8 Lower Palmer Cr. NP F02WQ127 Water 7/25/2002 0.7 0.002 0.04 0.142 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.58 Upper Palmer Cr. NP F02WQ134 Water 7/25/2002 0.62 0.001 0.06 0.163 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 0.002 0.58 Mean Average 2.38 0.0039 0.087 0.179 0.0005 0.0005 0.0029 0.0025 1.532 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

27

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Metals in Water *Arkansas Sample Sample Collection Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued Darter ID Matrix Date ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P F02WQ001 Water 6/17/2002 0.0005 22.4 0.19 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.854 0.01 0.01 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P F02WQ008 Water 6/17/2002 0.0005 23.1 0.228 0.02 0.006 0.005 0.0004 0.846 0.02 0.021 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P F02WQ015 Water 6/18/2002 0.0005 18.3 0.054 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.552 0.0041 0.007 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P F02WQ022 Water 6/18/2002 0.0005 18.2 0.206 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.535 0.0065 0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ029 Water 6/20/2002 0.0005 26.5 0.24 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.001 0.629 0.014 0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ036 Water 6/20/2002 0.0005 26.5 0.265 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.001 0.638 0.014 0.009 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ085 Water 6/25/2002 0.0005 24.7 0.226 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0005 0.698 0.0093 0.009 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P F02WQ092 Water 6/25/2002 0.0005 25.9 0.505 0.02 0.006 0.005 0.0007 0.713 0.021 0.021 Lower Wind Cr. P F02WQ099 Water 6/26/2002 0.0005 21 0.232 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.48 0.011 0.01 Upper Wind Cr. P F02WQ106 Water 6/26/2002 0.0005 20.9 0.516 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0003 0.529 0.0097 0.01 Mean Average 0.0005 22.8 0.266 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0005 0.647 0.012 0.0117

Lower Timber Cr. NP F02WQ043 Water 6/27/2002 0.0005 36.2 0.475 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.001 1.19 0.014 0.01 Upper Timber Cr. NP F02WQ050 Water 6/27/2002 0.0005 34.7 0.665 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0008 1.12 0.0098 0.009 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP F02WQ057 Water 6/19/2002 0.0005 16.1 0.14 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.0005 0.415 0.0089 0.038 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP F02WQ064 Water 6/19/2002 0.0005 15.3 0.057 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.0003 0.4 0.0062 0.032 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP F02WQ071 Water 6/19/2002 0.0005 22.3 0.059 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.868 0.0062 0.007 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP F02WQ078 Water 6/19/2002 0.0005 24.4 0.337 0.02 0.006 0.005 0.0003 0.898 0.016 0.019 Lower Fox Cr. NP F02WQ113 Water 7/22/2002 0.0005 14.3 0.14 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0004 0.641 0.0066 0.019 Upper Fox Cr. NP F02WQ120 Water 7/22/2002 0.0005 14 0.12 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0003 0.609 0.0055 0.008 Lower Palmer Cr. NP F02WQ127 Water 7/25/2002 0.0005 15.7 0.055 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.592 0.003 0.005 Upper Palmer Cr. NP F02WQ134 Water 7/25/2002 0.0005 16.6 0.11 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0002 0.756 0.0035 0.009 Mean Average 0.0005 21 0.216 0.02 0.005 0.005 0.0004 0.749 0.008 0.0156 *Arkansan Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

28

01 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin *Topeka Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Cd Metals in Sediments Shiners ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River P PF01S03 Sediment 273.9 6/29/2001 65.3 11800 3.31 14.5 264 0.097 0.295 Upper NF Ninnescah River P PF01S04 Sediment 315.5 6/29/2001 64.1 8010 2.62 12.3 182 <0.0215 0.201 Lower Turkey Cr. P PF01S20 Sediment 463.7 7/3/2001 22.7 1540 1.14 3.56 59.1 <0.0215 <0.107 Upper Turkey Cr. P PF01S19 Sediment 422.9 7/3/2001 54.2 5690 2.42 9.15 176 <0.0216 0.151 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01S60 Sediment 348.6 7/31/2001 66.8 9480 2.51 9.68 214 0.026 0.271 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01S59 Sediment 421.9 7/13/2001 38.2 1560 1.16 3.08 55.4 <0.021 <0.105 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01S68 Sediment 337.2 8/1/2001 18.9 653 0.87 2.11 34.3 <0.0211 <0.105 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01S67 Sediment 375.9 8/1/2001 54.8 2360 1.74 4.8 158 <0.021 <0.105 Lower Elm Cr. P PF01S52 Sediment 417.1 7/13/2001 27.8 1750 1.14 3.7 66.6 <0.0212 <0.106 Upper Elm Cr. P PF01S51 Sediment 374.3 7/13/2001 29.4 6490 2.3 8.31 146 <0.0212 0.147 Lower Thompson Cr. P PF01S13 Sediment 315 7/2/2001 68.6 5270 3.39 12 226 <0.0215 0.267 Upper Thompson Cr. P PF01S14 Sediment 321 7/2/2001 52.9 5700 3.17 9.59 217 <0.0213 0.262 Mean Average 46.975 5025.3 2.1475 7.7317 149.87 0.028 0.1768

Lower Sandy Cr. NP PF01S25 Sediment 456.2 7/10/2001 33.3 3390 1.16 8.38 63.5 <0.0215 <0.108 Upper Sandy Cr. NP PF01S26 Sediment 398 7/10/2001 37 5450 1.5 8.35 79.2 <0.0217<0.108 Lower Shoo Fly Cr. NP PF01S33 Sediment 430.7 7/11/2001 26.3 12100 2.63 12.2 134 0.044 0.143 Upper Shoo Fly Cr. NP PF01S34 Sediment 446.9 7/11/2001 16.6 2650 1.57 3.57 94.2 <0.0213 <0.106 Lower Slate Cr. NP PF01S44Sediment 355.7 7/12/2001 39.3 9130 2.27 8.91 97.9 <0.0212 0.197 Upper Slate Cr. NP PF01S43 Sediment 401.5 7/12/2001 34.4 8300 2 9.06 72.7 <0.0213 0.197 Lower Cowskin Cr. NP PF01S75 Sediment 374.8 8/13/2001 76.4 13600 2.99 10.3 181 0.142 0.269 Upper Cowskin Cr. NP PF01S76 Sediment 406.5 8/13/2001 62.9 2230 1.38 2.8 89 <0.0213 0.156 Mean Average 40.775 7106.3 1.9375 7.9463 101.44 0.04 0.1605 *Topeka Shiners P=Present, NP=Not Present

29

01 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin Metals in Sediments Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued ppm ppm ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River 20.5 8.9 13,200 <0.111 3,320 557 <1.11 15.1 6.96 0.96 183 12.5 30.4 Upper NF Ninnescah River 15.6 6.76 9,420 <0.107 2,410 333 <1.07 11.2 5.06 0.71 113 10.6 22.8 Lower Turkey Cr. 5.63 2.97 3,720 <0.107 541 72.1 <1.07 4.25 <2.15<0.536 15.5 7.39 6.96 Upper Turkey Cr. 11.7 5.55 7,700 <0.108 2,060 269 <1.08 10.5 2.8 <0.541 54.6 11 17.2 Lower Chikaskia River 17.1 7.25 11,000 <0.105 3,640 545 <1.05 14.4 6.3 <0.526 50.8 13.3 25.8 Upper Chikaskia River 5.66 1.44 2,950 <0.105 678 228 <1.05 4.48 <2.1 <0.525 13.4 6.72 6.56 Lower Chikaskia River 3.04 93.6 1,310 <0.105 235 588 <1.05 2.44 <2.11<0.526 6.93 4.06 5.26 Upper Chikaskia River 6.76 2.4 2,980 <0.105 1,120 464 <1.05 5.89 <2.1 <0.524 44.9 6.09 9.06 Lower Elm Cr. 5.29 2.17 2,630 <0.106 810 80.8 <1.06 4.45 <2.12<0.531 17.5 5.33 7.06 Upper Elm Cr. 13 5.94 7,900 <0.106 2,520 172 <1.06 10.2 3.91 <0.531 32.6 13.2 19 Lower Thompson Cr. 15.6 9.48 9,930 <0.107 2,370 259 <1.07 12.4 4.17 1.24 164 11.8 24.9 Upper Thompson Cr. 14.1 9.22 9,020 <0.107 2,650 273 <1.07 12.6 6.29 <0.54 126 11 25.5 Mean Average 11.165 12.9736,813.30.106581,862.8320.081.0658 8.99253.8392 0.6408 68.5199.415816.708

Lower Sandy Cr. 9.97 2.27 4,470 <0.108 2,580 206 <1.08 6.51 <2.16<0.539 32.2 6.88 9.95 Upper Sandy Cr. 13.7 3.97 6,930 <0.108 3,730 210 <1.08 9.77 3.03 <0.542 31 8.84 16.9 Lower Shoo Fly Cr. 20.7 9.41 11,000 <0.106 5,580 450 <1.06 14.9 7.86 <0.531 68.3 12.4 26.6 Upper Shoo Fly Cr. 7.6 3.36 3,240 <0.106 2,230 181 <1.06 5.96 4 <0.532 21.2 5.63 9.38 Lower Slate Cr. 16.9 9.14 9,670 <0.106 4,820 332 <1.06 14.9 9.91 <0.53 36.6 8.52 30.6 Upper Slate Cr. 14.7 6.43 8,070 <0.107 3,150 265 <1.07 10.4 5.88 <0.533 29.4 9.78 745 Lower Cowskin Cr. 20.4 9.43 12,200 <0.107 2,980 638 <1.07 14.6 9.72 0.77 91.1 16.3 39.3 Upper Cowskin Cr. 6.32 3.28 2,670 <0.107 805 672 <1.07 5.44 3.88 <0.533 30.5 6.06 26.7 Mean Average 13.786 5.91137,281.30.106883,234.4369.251.0688 10.31 5.805 0.5638 42.5389.3013113.05

30

01 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin Metals in Invertebrates *Topeka Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Cd Shiners ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River P PF01I06 Invertebrates 21.6 6/29/2001 68.6 1,090 3.12 7.69 80.3 0.0966 0.86 Upper NF Ninnescah River P PF01I05 Invertebrates 30.2 6/29/2001 74.1 677 3.24 9.12 229 0.0521 0.466 Lower Turkey Cr. P PF01I23 Invertebrates 31.4 7/3/2001 72.6 1,040 4.27 8.14 139 0.113 0.999 Upper Turkey Cr. P PF01I24 Invertebrates 24.3 7/3/2001 72.3 331 2 1.07 42 0.0963 0.107 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01I61 Invertebrates 23.6 7/31/2001 79.5 593 0.811 6.29 154 0.053 0.981 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01I69 Invertebrates 17.2 8/1/2001 78.3 811 1.72 5.1 181 0.0827 1.03 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01I70 Invertebrates 41.3 8/1/2001 87 587 1.46 7.89 276 0.0811 0.762 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01I62Invertebrates 7/31/2001 Lower Elm Cr. P PF01I54Invertebrates 7/13/2001 Upper Elm Cr. P PF01I53Invertebrates 7/13/2001 Lower Thompson Cr. P PF01I11 Invertebrates 7/2/2001 Upper Thompson Cr. P PF01I12 Invertebrates 7/2/2001 Mean Average 577 1.92871 5.3729 145.857 0.06831 0.62071

Lower Sandy Cr. NP PF01I28 Invertebrates 21 7/10/2001 81 941 2.66 7.89 105 0.0662 0.434 Upper Sandy Cr. NP PF01I27 Invertebrates 30.8 7/10/2001 69.9 916 2.42 7.42 125 0.0689 0.379 Lower Shoo Fly Cr. NP PF01I35 Invertebrates 26.6 7/11/2001 83 1,040 2.5 9.06 123 0.0653 0.766 Upper Shoo Fly Cr. NP PF01I36 Invertebrates 28.5 7/11/2001 79.5 2,010 2.3 10.3 131 0.105 0.591 Lower Slate Cr. NP PF01I46 Invertebrates 21.2 7/12/2001 85.8 934 1.77 9.75 175 0.057 0.409 Upper Slate Cr. NP PF01I45Invertebrates 7/12/2001 Lower Cowskin Cr. NP PF01I77 Invertebrates 22.2 8/13/2001 84.8 648 1.59 6.77 112 0.0602 0.457 Upper Cowskin Cr. NP PF01I78Invertebrates 8/13/2001 Mean Average 924.667 1.76333 7.2167 111 0.0594 0.43367 *Topeka Shiners P=Present, NP=Not Present

31 01 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn Metals in Invertebrates continued ppm ppm ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River 23.6 30.5 1,370 0.0556 1,180 161 <0.556 15 <1.11 1.65 118 3.41 66.5 Upper NF Ninnescah River 11.3 55.7 806 0.0529 1,680 99.4 <0.528 11.4 <1.06 1.08 314 1.75 59.9 Lower Turkey Cr. 25.1 43.6 2,100 0.0541 1,120 117 <0.541 15.5 1.51 1.78 125 5.53 52.2 Upper Turkey Cr. 31.1 12.3 525 0.0536 337 37.1 <0.536 2.91 <1.07 2.13 41.8 1.55 17.1 Lower Chikaskia River 23.6 52.4 631 0.11 1,110 154 0.552 16.3 <1.08 2.39 98 1.36 68.3 Upper Chikaskia River 28.5 63.6 951 0.064 975 230 <0.533 13 <1.07 1.15 86 2.55 56.5 Lower Chikaskia River 15.5 109 809 0.086 1,310 245 <0.825 11.1 <1.65 0.94 131 2.04 60 Upper Chikaskia River Lower Elm Cr. Upper Elm Cr. Lower Thompson Cr. Upper Thompson Cr. Mean Average 19.3 48.0857 831.714 0.06009 933.14 126.07 0.50214 10.03 1.0629 1.35286 113.69 2.1114 44.8571

Lower Sandy Cr. 32.7 81.6 837 0.1 2,190 205 <0.54 15.9 <1.08 1.14 224 1.78 65.1 Upper Sandy Cr. 44.3 55.2 954 0.08 2,060 222 <0.55 20.2 <1.1 1.02 236 2.49 47.3 Lower Shoo Fly Cr. 56.1 95.3 849 0.0745 1,930 157 <0.54 27.5 <1.08 1.89 389 2.01 70 Upper Shoo Fly Cr. 37.9 66.4 1,450 0.0536 2,540 282 <0.536 22.4 <1.07 1.1 496 3.41 46.3 Lower Slate Cr. 21.6 93.9 724 0.0539 2,200 230 <0.539 15.1 <1.08 0.99 429 2.04 57.5 Upper Slate Cr. Lower Cowskin Cr. 18.2 141 504 0.063 1,580 62.8 <0.536 11.2 <1.07 1.82 243 1.35 64.7 Upper Cowskin Cr. Mean Average 29.6833 75.3 746.833 0.05417 1,718.3 158.97 0.45017 16.0667 0.9 1.13667 298.83 1.8833 47.6333

32

01 Kansas Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin *Topeka Sample Fish Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Cd Metals in Fish Shiner ID Species Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Upper NF Ninnescah River P PF01F07 Sand Shiner 41.3 6/29/2001 75.5 141 <0.519 5.62 39.8 0.0361 0.291 Lower Turkey Cr. P PF01F21 Stoneroller 58.4 7/3/2001 79 44.1 <0.685 8.16 31.2 <0.0411 0.639 Upper Turkey Cr. P PF01F22 Stoneroller 58.4 7/3/2001 71.2 100 <0.527 4.85 78.7 0.0434 0.452 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01F63 Sand Shiner 7/31/2001 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01F64 Sand Shiner 18.9 7/31/2001 76.6 150 <0.521 5.74 47.7 0.0365 0.494 Lower Chikaskia River P PF01F72 Sand Shiner 19.7 8/1/2001 77.4 125 <0.534 6.23 58 0.0392 0.626 Upper Chikaskia River P PF01F71 Sand Shiner 20.8 8/1/2001 71.6 275 <0.531 6.65 68.5 0.0371 0.424 Lower Elm Cr. P PF01F56 Sand Shiner 23.2 7/13/2001 72.6 129 <0.66 5.17 34.9 0.052 0.412 Upper Elm Cr. P PF01F55 Sand Shiner 28.4 7/13/2001 73.7 122 <0.509 5.75 47.3 0.0349 0.434 Lower Thompson Cr. P PF01F15 Red Shiner 38.8 7/2/2001 73.4 40.7 <0.518 6.06 18.3 <0.0311 0.363 Upper Thompson Cr. P PF01F16 Red Shiner 25.9 7/2/2001 74.8 85.6 <0.512 6.04 52.2 <0.0307 0.208 Mean Average 139.18 <0.55283 6.2083 53.983 0.0389 0.4877

Lower Sandy Cr. NP PF01F30 Sand Shiner 33.9 7/10/2001 74.4 118 <0.525 5.21 30 0.0395 0.387 Upper Sandy Cr. NP PF01F29 Sand Shiner 32.1 7/10/2001 73.4 1,080 <0.528 5.63 39.2 0.0933 0.376 Lower Shoofly Cr. NP PF01F37 Red Shiner 7/11/2001 Upper Shoofly Cr. NP PF01F38 Red Shiner 7/11/2001 Lower Slate Cr. NP PF01F48 Sand Shiner 7/12/2001 Upper Slate Cr. NP PF01F47 Sand Shiner 7/12/2001 Lower Cowskin Cr. NP PF01F79 Sand Shiner 8/13/2001 Upper Cowskin Cr. NP PF01F80 Sand Shiner 8/13/2001 Mean Average 599 <0.5265 5.42 34.6 0.0664 0.3815 *Topeka Shiners P=Present, NP=Not Present

33

01 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Kansas River Basin Metals in Fish Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued ppm ppm ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River 33.4 6.08 372 0.213 1,610 24.8 <0.512 18.2 <1.02 2.17 109 0.757 195 Upper NF Ninnescah River 33.6 5.97 347 0.215 1,520 23.2 0.632 18.2 <1.04 2.42 96.5 0.748 192 Lower Turkey Cr. 97.7 7.18 808 0.098 1,430 25.7 1.84 47.3 <1.37 2.46 115 0.729 139 Upper Turkey Cr. 17.9 9.9 320 <0.0527 1,100 22.2 <0.527 14 <1.05 2.09 56.5 <0.527 113 Lower Chikaskia River Upper Chikaskia River 51 8.39 473 0.261 1,670 46.3 0.958 28.5 <1.04 1.88 97.9 1.04 197 Lower Chikaskia River 117 8.51 991 0.27 1,600 47 2.25 54.3 <1.07 1.54 71.7 1.02 199 Upper Chikaskia River 20 5.82 362 0.207 1,550 47.1 <0.531 14.2 <1.06 0.6 75.2 1.27 173 Lower Elm Cr. 49.8 7.34 427 0.215 1,400 21.8 0.746 28.6 <1.32 3.55 76.2 <0.66 188 Upper Elm Cr. 17.8 6.63 292 0.138 1,380 22.7 <0.509 13.3 <1.02 2.33 70 0.823 159 Lower Thompson Cr. 181 8.44 1,100 0.123 1,440 28.8 3.46 79 <1.04 2.93 115 0.781 133 Upper Thompson Cr. 25.6 5.5 278 0.124 1,680 29.4 <0.512 14.2 <1.02 1.76 194 0.988 183 Mean Average 56.2 7.6283 550.17 0.184 1,478.3 35.25 1.123 29.417 <1.105 1.83167 85.467 0.889 168.83

Lower Sandy Cr. 16.5 6.19 260 0.307 1,580 41.7 <0.525 9.57 <1.05 2.15 95.9 0.957 178 Upper Sandy Cr. 21 7.83 1,040 0.48 1,890 67.1 <0.528 12 <1.06 2.07 99.4 2.51 390 Lower Shoofly Cr. Upper Shoofly Cr. Lower Slate Cr. Upper Slate Cr. Lower Cowskin Cr. Upper Cowskin Cr. Mean Average 18.75 7.01 650 0.3935 1,735 54.4 <0.5265 10.785 <1.055 2.11 97.65 1.7335 284

34

02 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Arkansas River Basin *Arkansas Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Cd Metals in Sediments Darter ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P PF02S005 Sediments 234.9 6/17/2002 63.6 30,500 5.9 20 272 1.2 0.5 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P PF02S012 Sediments 317.9 6/17/2002 35 20,400 3.5 20 149 0.89 0.3 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02S019 Sediments 331.1 6/18/2002 29.6 24,600 5.3 20 183 1 0.3 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02S026 Sediments 340.4 6/18/2002 37.7 23,600 5.5 20 193 0.98 0.3 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02S033 Sediments 267.1 6/20/2002 57.2 34,800 7 20 341 1.4 0.4 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02S040 Sediments 253.1 6/20/2002 60.4 37,300 8 30 364 1.4 0.4 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02S089 Sediments 372.6 6/19/2002 33.7 26,700 5.7 20 235 1.1 0.4 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02S096 Sediments 295.2 6/25/2002 48.5 31,400 4.9 20 247 1.2 0.3 Lower Wind Creek P PF02S103 Sediments 260 6/26/2002 59.4 33,300 4.9 20 240 1.3 0.3 Upper Wind Creek P PF02S110 Sediments 355.8 6/26/2002 48.2 24,000 4.2 10 178 1 0.3 Mean Average 28,660 5.49 20 240.2 1.147 0.35

Lower Timber Cr. NP PF02S047 Sediments 239.1 6/27/2002 57.3 25,300 4.2 20 298 1.1 0.3 Upper Timber Cr. NP PF02S054 Sediments 284.7 6/27/2002 66.3 32,300 5.3 20 393 1.3 0.4 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP PF02S061 Sediments 327.9 6/19/2002 41.8 24,000 6.9 20 237 1.1 0.4 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP PF02S068 Sediments 241.4 6/19/2002 58.2 28,400 4.5 30 219 1.1 0.85 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP PF02S075 Sediments 281.4 6/19/2002 43.4 12,500 4.7 10 117 0.5 1.3 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP PF02S082 Sediments 302.9 6/19/2002 37.2 23,200 5.1 20 192 0.95 0.5 Lower Fox Cr. NP PF02S117 Sediments 297.9 7/22/2002 45.5 26,300 4.7 20 169 1.1 0.4 Upper Fox Cr. NP PF02S124 Sediments 411.3 7/22/2002 35.4 24,400 5.6 20 168 1.1 0.3 Lower Palmer Cr. NP PF02S131 Sediments 365.2 7/25/2002 43.3 26,300 5.7 10 174 1.2 <0.2 Upper Palmer Cr. NP PF02S138 Sediments 318.2 7/25/2002 44 26,900 7.3 20 211 1.2 0.4 Mean Average 24,960 5.4 19 217.8 1.065 0.51 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

35

02 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Arkansas River Basin Metals in Sediments Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 34 16 20,800 <0.1 7,170 1,270 ND 21 15 <0.5 134 47 68 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 25 8.4 14,300 <0.1 4,640 292 ND 10 10 <0.5 64 36 43 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 29 9 16,500 0.1 6,220 535 ND 18 15 <0.5 72 46 51 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 29 11 16,600 <0.1 5,430 528 ND 16 18 <0.5 63 41 49 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 36 15 23,600 <0.1 7,540 2,720 ND 24 19 0.8 91 54 75 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 37 14 24,700 0.2 7,570 2,240 ND 22 21 0.8 109 57 74 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 29 10 18,300 <0.1 6,370 554 ND 19 17 <0.5 90 45 54 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 36 12 19,700 0.1 6,550 415 ND 19 16 <0.5 93 51 61 Lower Wind Cr. 34 15 21,200 <0.1 7,450 363 ND 20 18 <0.5 80 55 65 Upper Wind Cr. 25 11 17,100 <0.1 6,740 308 ND 17 18 0.6 70 39 52 Mean Average 31.4 12.14 19,280 0.11 6,568 922 18.6 16.7 0.57 86.6 47.1 59.2

Lower Timber Cr. 27 11 17,500 <0.1 7,700 495 ND 18 17 0.7 207 47 56 Upper Timber Cr. 32 13 22,200 <0.1 10,400 820 ND 21 19 1 267 56 68 Lower Forsythe Cr. 25 14 20,100 <0.1 6,370 619 ND 22 18 <0.5 82 43 78 Upper Forsythe Cr. 32 20 18,200 <0.1 8,210 407 ND 19 18 <0.5 71 47 97 Lower Three Mile Cr. 18 6 8,940 <0.1 6,950 660 ND 10 9 <0.5 207 27 51 Upper Three Mile Cr. 28 9 16,400 <0.1 7,490 497 ND 18 17 <0.5 120 41 54 Lower Fox Cr. 30 10 18,700 <0.1 5,470 432 ND 20 18 <0.5 111 39 50 Upper Fox Cr. 26 11 18,200 <0.1 4,970 494 ND 20 15 <0.5 71 31 51 Lower Palmer Cr. 28 11 19,700 <0.1 5,050 365 ND 23 21 <0.5 84 40 57 Upper Palmer Cr. 30 12 20,600 <0.1 5,630 665 ND 25 23 <0.5 115 45 58 Mean Average 27.6 11.7 18,054 0.1 6,824 545.4 19.6 17.5 0.57 133.5 41.6 62

36

02 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Arkansas River Basin *Arkansas Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Cd Metals in Invertebrates Darter ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P PF02I007 Invertebrate 24.7 6/17/2002 83.3 2,500 2.2 4 217 <0.1 0.54 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P PF02I014 Invertebrate 30.9 6/17/2002 81.2 1,790 2.1 3 249 <0.1 0.3 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02I021 Invertebrate 26.5 6/18/2002 76.9 1,590 2.2 2 272 <0.03 0.48 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02I028 Invertebrate 15.1 6/18/2002 79.8 3,030 2.1 3 251 0.1 1.5 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02I035 Invertebrate 20.4 6/20/2002 83.2 2,130 2 3 215 <0.1 0.42 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02I042 Invertebrate 12.1 6/20/2002 76.5 2,570 2.2 3 213 0.1 0.48 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02I091 Invertebrate 35.5 6/25/2002 80.8 2,090 2.3 3 245 <0.1 0.45 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02I098 Invertebrate unknown 6/25/2002 77.8 2,850 2.5 2 215 0.1 1 Lower Wind Cr. P PF02I105 Invertebrate 26.7 6/26/2002 78.8 2,130 2.3 2 287 <0.1 0.42 Upper Wind Cr. P PF02I112 Invertebrate 67 6/26/2002 78.5 1,990 2.9 3 318 <0.1 0.45 Mean Average 2,267 2.28 2.8 248.2 0.093 0.604

Lower Timber Cr. NP PF02I049 Invertebrate 18.1 6/27/2002 83.3 1,950 <0.4 3 224 <0.1 0.3 Upper Timber Cr. NP PF02I056 Invertebrate 20.4 6/27/2002 83 1,820 2.7 3 214 <0.1 0.92 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP PF02I063 Invertebrate 10.3 6/19/2002 80.7 4,130 2 6.7 93 0.2 0.43 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP PF02I070 Invertebrate 12.2 6/19/2002 87.2 4,730 1.4 7.5 70.5 0.2 0.54 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP PF02I077 Invertebrate 18.3 6/19/2002 79.6 2,920 2.5 5 223 0.1 1.1 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP PF02I084 Invertebrate 22.2 6/19/2002 76.2 2,190 2.1 2 217 0.1 0.38 Lower Fox Cr. NP PF02I119 Invertebrate 17.5 7/22/2002 87.4 3,070 2.1 4 134 0.1 0.3 Upper Fox Cr. NP PF02I126 Invertebrate 23.2 7/22/2002 81.4 2,530 2 3 173 0.1 0.34 Lower Palmer Cr. NP PF02I133 Invertebrate 33.3 7/25/2002 80.3 1,110 1.7 2 341 <0.1 0.6 Upper Palmer Cr. NP PF02I140 Invertebrate 14.4 7/25/2002 73.1 1,490 1.8 2 245 <0.1 0.41 Mean Average 2,594 1.87 3.82 193.5 0.12 0.532 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

37

02 KS Data Catalog #6080065 Arkansas River Basin Metals in Invertebrates Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 5.4 102 1,530 <0.1 2,300 611 <2 3.4 1.8 1.4 511 5.5 65.4 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 3 128 1,120 0.1 2,250 362 <2 2 1.1 1.5 540 3.9 67.1 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 2.2 60 1,150 <0.1 1,990 416 <2 1.8 1 0.93 388 3.6 56.1 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 4.3 81.3 1,930 0.1 2,110 477 <2 3 1.9 1.2 403 6.7 53.4 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 2.5 96 1,280 0.1 2,330 399 <2 2.5 1.1 2.1 356 4.5 73.1 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 3 60.1 1,580 <0.1 1,910 744 <2 2.9 4 1.8 466 5.4 48 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 3.3 81.4 1,390 <0.1 2,310 433 <2 2.5 1.1 1.5 458 4.4 61.8 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 4.1 87 1,850 <0.1 1,990 457 <2 3.1 2.5 1.4 466 5.8 54.5 Lower Wind Cr. 2.7 117 1,370 0.2 2,220 431 <2 2.4 2.2 1.1 476 4.5 52.5 Upper Wind Cr. 3 114 1,330 0.2 2,860 700 <2 2.4 1.4 1.3 423 4.3 63.8 Mean Average 3.35 92.68 1,453 0.12 2,227 503 2 2.6 1.81 1.423 448.7 4.86 59.57

Lower Timber Cr. 3 48 1,310 <0.1 2,120 600 <2 2.7 1.8 2.2 688 4.8 57 Upper Timber Cr. 2.2 36.8 1,190 <0.1 1,970 510 <2 2.2 3.7 1.8 497 4.3 55.7 Lower Forsythe Cr. 6.5 63.5 2,910 <0.1 2,640 227 <2 3.8 2.6 1.1 446 9.1 67.8 Upper Forsythe Cr. 7.6 49.3 2,920 <0.1 2,160 151 <2 4.2 2.8 1.4 314 8.7 145 Lower Three Mile Cr. 3.6 66.1 1,760 <0.1 2,360 411 <2 2.6 2 1.1 440 5.6 68.8 Upper Three Mile Cr. 3.2 64.2 1,700 0.01 1,830 399 <2 2.6 2 1 573 4.7 51.7 Lower Fox Cr. 4 77 2,110 <0.1 1,980 271 <2 3.4 1.7 1.5 338 6.3 86.8 Upper Fox Cr. 4.4 98.4 1,730 0.2 2,090 359 <2 3.6 1.5 1.6 421 5.5 76 Lower Palmer Cr. 1.9 115 722 <0.1 2,190 316 <2 2 0.7 1.1 541 2.4 68.2 Upper Palmer Cr. 2.6 54.3 931 <0.1 1,780 397 <2 2.1 2.1 0.88 614 2.9 47 Mean Average 3.9 67.26 1,728 0.101 2,112 364.1 2 2.92 2.09 1.368 487.2 5.43 72.4

38

02 KS Data Catalog #6080068 Arkansas River Basin *Arkansas Sample Sample Fish Weight Collection Percent Al As B Ba Be Metals in Whole Body Fish Darter ID Matrix Species Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P PF02F006 Whole Body Stoneroller 29.4 6/17/2002 71.8 2,160 1.3 <2 67.9 <0.1 Common Upper Seven Mile Cr. P PF02F013 Whole Body Shiner 23.7 6/17/2002 77.3 190 0.6 2 20 <0.1 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02F020 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 18.9 6/18/2002 76.4 92 <0.2 <2 14 <0.1 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02F027 Whole Body Red Shiner 14.1 6/18/2002 77.8 95 0.3 2 19 <0.1 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02F034 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 33.7 6/20/2002 77.1 95 <0.2 <2 16 <0.1 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02F041 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 37.9 6/20/2002 76.7 81 <0.2 <2 15 <0.1 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02F090 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 22.1 6/25/2002 76.2 89 0.4 2 16 <0.1 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02F097 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 22.9 6/25/2002 76 190 0.6 <2 16 <0.1 Lower Wind Cr. P PF02F104 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 22.1 6/26/2002 78.3 88 <0.2 <2 13 <0.1 Upper Wind Cr. P PF02F111 Whole Body Redfin Shiner 15.7 6/26/2002 77.2 79 <0.2 <2 13 <0.1 Mean Average 315.9 0.42 2 20.99 0.1

Lower Timber Cr. NP PF02F048 Whole Body Stoneroller 25.3 6/27/2002 73.5 2,150 1.6 2 59.4 <0.1 Upper Timber Cr. NP PF02F055 Whole Body Stoneroller 11.3 6/27/2002 74.6 2,500 1.6 2 75.1 <0.1 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP PF02F062 Whole Body Stoneroller 22.3 6/19/2002 76.7 1,710 0.5 4 40.3 <0.1 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP PF02F069 Whole Body Stoneroller 27.5 6/19/2002 73.1 2,210 0.5 4 43.5 <0.1 Common Lower Three Mile Cr. NP PF02F076 Whole Body Shiner 25.1 6/19/2002 79.1 203 2 <2 24 <0.1 Common Upper Three Mile Cr. NP PF02F083 Whole Body Shiner 27.4 6/19/2002 80.1 211 0.3 <2 27 <0.1 Lower Fox Cr. NP PF02F118 Whole Body Unknown 12.5 7/22/2002 79.6 100 <0.2 <2 15 <0.1 Upper Fox Cr. NP PF02F125 Whole Body Unknown 16.1 7/22/2002 80.5 130 <0.2 <2 14 <0.1 Lower Palmer Cr. NP PF02F132 Whole Body Unknown 14.6 7/25/2002 71.4 4,890 2.2 4 109 0.2 Upper Palmer Cr. NP PF02F139 Whole Body Unknown 20.9 7/25/2002 73.3 2,060 1.1 2 69.2 <0.1 Mean Average 1,616.4 1.02 2.6 47.65 0.11 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

39

02 KS Data Catalog #6080068 Arkansas River Basin Metals in Whole Body Fish Cd Cr Cu Fe Hg Mg Mn Mo Ni Pb Se Sr V Zn continued ppm ppm ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.2 2.6 6.7 1,290 0.1 1,670 223 <2 1.6 0.98 1.7 84.1 4 99.2 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2.4 170 0.2 1,710 50.6 <2 <0.5 <0.2 3.2 106 0.8 167 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.1 <0.5 1.9 86 0.2 1,750 15 <2 <0.5 <0.2 5.1 95.5 <0.5 199 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. <0.2 <0.5 3 100 0.2 1,810 23 <2 <0.5 <0.2 5.1 89 0.7 188 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2 93 0.3 1,800 31 <2 <0.5 <0.2 5.1 103 0.7 224 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.1 <0.5 1.8 98 0.2 1,730 32 <2 <0.5 <0.2 4.6 99 0.6 219 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2.7 90 0.2 1,600 28 <2 0.5 0.2 3.7 102 0.7 164 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.1 <0.5 3.6 150 0.3 1,640 42 <2 0.5 0.2 4.2 102 0.8 172 Lower Wind Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2.1 98 0.2 1,670 18 <2 0.5 0.2 3.9 87.1 0.6 222 Upper Wind Cr. <0.1 <0.5 1.7 90 0.2 1,690 18 <2 0.5 0.2 3.8 87.9 <0.5 216 Mean Average 0.12 0.71 2.79 226.5 0.21 1,707 48.06 2 0.61 0.278 4.04 95.56 0.99 187.02

Lower Timber Cr. <0.1 2.7 2.5 1,310 0.2 1,700 74.1 <2 1.6 1.1 3.2 116 4.4 112 Upper Timber Cr. <0.1 2.9 3.4 1,530 0.2 1,990 170 <2 1.8 1.2 3 134 5.1 127 Lower Forsythe Cr. <0.1 2.5 5.4 1,090 0.1 1,750 76.5 <2 1 0.9 2.1 91.4 3.3 150 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.1 2.8 5.2 1,390 0.1 1,590 102 <2 1.5 1.2 1.8 82.9 4.1 139 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.1 <0.5 2.7 180 0.1 1,650 27 <2 <0.5 0.2 2.7 110 0.9 156 Upper Three Mile Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2.9 170 0.2 1,560 23 <2 <0.5 <0.2 3 106 0.7 204 Lower Fox Cr. <0.1 <0.5 3.8 99 0.3 1,850 26 <2 <0.5 <0.2 3 127 0.6 321 Upper Fox Cr. <0.1 <0.5 2.6 120 0.3 2,040 20 <2 <0.5 <0.2 3.3 155 0.5 295 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.48 6.4 6.8 2,700 0.1 1,980 233 <2 3.5 2 1.6 103 7.9 110 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.3 2.6 5.5 1,200 0.2 1,760 172 <2 1.6 0.85 1.9 108 3.7 146 Mean Average 0.16 2.19 4.08 978.9 0.18 1,787 92.36 2 1.3 0.805 2.56 113.3 3.12 176

40 Appendix 2 – Organochlorine Pesticide Data Collected From Water Samples in the Kansas River Basin in 2001

41 01 KS Data Catalog # 6080065 Kansas River Basin Sample Sample Organochlorine Pesticide Data ID Matrix Simazine Propazine Metribuzin Norflurazone 2,4,5-T 2,4-D 2,4-DB

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River PF01WQ01 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper NF Ninnescah River PF01WQ02 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Thompson Cr. PF01WQ09 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Thompson Cr. PF01WQ10 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Turkey Cr. PF01WQ17 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Turkey Cr. PF01WQ18 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Sandy Cr. PF01WQ31 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Sandy Cr. PF01WQ32 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Shoofly Cr. PF01WQ39 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Shoofly Cr. PF01WQ40 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Slate Cr. PF01WQ41 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Slate Cr. PF01WQ42 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Elm Cr. PF01WQ49 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Elm Cr. PF01WQ50 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Chikaskia River PF01WQ57 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Chikaskia River PF01WQ58 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Chikaskia River PF01WQ65 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Chikaskia River PF01WQ66 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Cowskin Cr. PF01WQ73 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Cowskin Cr. PF01WQ74 Water ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

42

01 KS Data Catalog # 6080065 Kansas River Basin Organochlorine Pesticide Data continued Dicamba Dichlorprop Silvex Atrazine Cyanazine Metolachlor

Sample Site Lower NF Ninnescah River ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper NF Ninnescah River ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Thompson Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Thompson Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Turkey Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Turkey Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Sandy Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Sandy Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Shoofly Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Shoofly Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Slate Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Slate Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Elm Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Elm Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Chikaskia River ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Chikaskia River ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Chikaskia River ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Chikaskia River ND ND ND ND ND ND Lower Cowskin Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND Upper Cowskin Cr. ND ND ND ND ND ND

43 Appendix 3 - Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments Collected From the Kansas and Arkansas Basins

44 02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin n-decane n-docosane n-dodecane Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons *Arkansas Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet in Sediments Darter ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P PF02S005 Sediments 234.9 6/17/2002 58.4 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P PF02S012 Sediments 317.9 6/17/2002 34.6 <0.01 0.011 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02S019 Sediments 331.1 6/18/2002 27.7 <0.01 0.014 <0.01 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02S026 Sediments 340.4 6/18/2002 38.2 <0.01 0.017 <0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02S033 Sediments 267.1 6/20/2002 43.7 <0.01 0.018 <0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02S040 Sediments 253.1 6/20/2002 63.6 <0.01 0.018 <0.01 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02S089 Sediments 372.6 6/19/2002 28.7 <0.01 0.012 <0.01 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02S096 Sediments 295.2 6/25/2002 45.8 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. P PF02S103 Sediments 260 6/26/2002 58 <0.01 0.054 <0.01 Upper Wind Cr. P PF02S110 Sediments 355.8 6/26/2002 46.8 <0.01 0.03 <0.01

Lower Timber Cr. NP PF02S047 Sediments 239.1 6/27/2002 58.6 <0.01 0.024 <0.01 Upper Timber Cr. NP PF02S054 Sediments 284.7 6/27/2002 56.8 <0.01 0.021 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP PF02S061 Sediments 327.9 6/19/2002 42.4 <0.01 0.015 <0.01 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP PF02S068 Sediments 241.4 6/19/2002 57.6 <0.01 <0.01 0.024 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP PF02S075 Sediments 281.4 6/19/2002 42.8 0.059 0.067 0.13 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP PF02S082 Sediments 302.9 6/19/2002 36.2 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 Lower Fox Cr. NP PF02S117 Sediments 297.9 7/22/2002 41.8 <0.01 0.014 <0.01 Upper Fox Cr. NP PF02S124 Sediments 411.3 7/22/2002 31 <0.01 0.016 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. NP PF02S131 Sediments 365.2 7/25/2002 43.6 <0.01 0.029 <0.01 Upper Palmer Cr. NP PF02S138 Sediments 318.2 7/25/2002 46.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

45

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Aliphatic and Aromatic n-dotriacontane n-eicosane n-heneicosane n-hentriacontane n-heptacosane n-heptadecane Hydrocarbons in Sediments Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.031 0.015 0.03 0.43 0.18 0.097 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.012 0.34 0.18 0.017 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.044 <0.01 0.014 0.44 0.18 0.017 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.011 <0.01 0.014 0.46 0.25 0.018 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.028 0.47 0.24 0.034 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.042 0.011 0.036 0.58 <0.01 0.042 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.018 0.45 0.17 0.044 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.018 0.012 0.042 0.68 0.68 0.049 Lower Wind Cr. 0.13 0.051 0.14 1.6 0.7 0.16 Upper Wind Cr. 0.084 0.019 0.042 0.75 0.57 0.16

Lower Timber Cr. 0.025 0.011 0.069 0.74 0.4 0.057 Upper Timber Cr. <0.01 0.01 0.062 0.53 0.42 0.025 Lower Forsythe Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.018 0.29 0.12 0.026 Upper Forsythe Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.093 1.2 0.53 0.12 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.14 0.042 0.067 0.57 0.13 0.096 Upper Three Mile Cr. <0.01 0.018 0.023 0.49 0.17 0.023 Lower Fox Cr. <0.01 0.01 0.018 0.42 0.21 0.019 Upper Fox Cr. 0.01 <0.01 0.013 0.38 0.13 0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.081 0.018 0.043 0.87 0.57 0.2 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.051 0.019 0.039 0.56 0.39 0.12

46

02 KS Data, Arkansas Catalog # 6080068 River Basin Aliphatic and Aromatic n-hexacosane n-hexadecane n-nonacosane n-nonadecane n-octacosane n-octadecane Hydrocarbons in Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Sediments continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.026 0.013 0.55 0.014 0.059 0.016 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.59 <0.01 0.048 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.03 <0.01 0.57 <0.01 0.07 <0.01 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.04 <0.01 0.58 <0.01 0.074 <0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.04 <0.01 0.53 <0.01 0.054 <0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.037 <0.01 0.58 0.012 0.067 0.011 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.026 <0.01 0.42 <0.01 0.039 <0.01 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.079 0.01 0.87 0.015 0.094 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. 0.11 0.02 2.3 0.055 0.24 0.02 Upper Wind Cr. 0.077 0.015 1.5 0.021 0.16 0.013

Lower Timber Cr. 0.052 0.014 1 0.02 0.084 0.012 Upper Timber Cr. 0.05 <0.01 1.5 0.012 0.089 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.033 <0.01 0.42 0.011 0.04 <0.01 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.13 0.04 2.2 0.051 0.24 0.042 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.1 0.044 0.5 0.046 0.18 0.032 Upper Three Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.49 0.021 0.067 0.018 Lower Fox Cr. 0.034 <0.01 0.57 0.012 0.047 0.011 Upper Fox Cr. 0.025 <0.01 0.41 <0.01 0.048 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. <0.01 0.015 1.2 0.017 0.13 0.019 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.13 0.012 0.86 0.017 0.12 0.02

47

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Aliphatic and Aromatic n-pentacosane n-pentadecane n-tetracosane n-tetradecane n-tetratriacontane n-triacontane Hydrocarbons in Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Sediments continued ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.09 0.031 0.023 <0.01 0.011 0.047 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 0.066 <0.01 0.017 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.067 <0.01 0.022 <0.01 <0.01 0.068 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.2 <0.01 0.036 <0.01 <0.01 0.048 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.14 0.015 0.024 <0.01 0.029 <0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.12 0.019 0.022 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.088 0.017 0.016 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.77 0.016 0.042 <0.01 <0.01 0.076 Lower Wind Cr. 0.34 0.034 0.063 <0.01 0.03 0.22 Upper Wind Cr. 0.23 0.027 0.048 <0.01 0.015 0.15

Lower Timber Cr. 0.23 0.018 0.034 <0.01 <0.01 0.094 Upper Timber Cr. 0.18 0.011 0.027 <0.01 <0.01 0.09 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.07 0.014 0.02 <0.01 0.049 0.047 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.35 0.079 0.082 0.043 0.098 0.21 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.14 0.11 0.088 0.12 0.048 0.28 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.098 0.014 0.023 <0.01 0.074 0.059 Lower Fox Cr. 0.11 <0.01 0.017 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Upper Fox Cr. 0.051 <0.01 0.016 <0.01 <0.01 0.051 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.28 0.035 0.04 <0.01 0.01 0.13 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.28 0.035 0.12 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

48

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Aliphatic and Aromatic n-tricosane n-tridecane n-tritriacontane n-undecane phytane pristane Hydrocarbons in Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Sediments continued ppm Ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.051 <0.01 0.11 <0.01 0.014 <0.01 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 0.025 <0.01 0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.033 <0.01 0.19 0.012 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.098 <0.01 0.055 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.05 <0.01 0.2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.05 <0.01 0.22 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.038 <0.01 0.19 <0.01 0.011 0.032 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.1 <0.01 0.33 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. 0.29 0.013 0.52 <0.01 0.019 <0.01 Upper Wind Cr. 0.11 <0.01 0.36 <0.01 0.013 <0.01

Lower Timber Cr. 0.12 <0.01 0.35 <0.01 0.025 <0.01 Upper Timber Cr. 0.12 <0.01 0.27 <0.01 0.018 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.027 <0.01 0.053 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.13 0.042 0.34 0.022 0.039 0.028 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.084 0.14 0.24 0.11 0.026 0.018 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.036 <0.01 0.21 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Fox Cr. 0.036 <0.01 0.15 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Fox Cr. 0.022 <0.01 0.15 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.087 <0.01 0.53 <0.01 0.043 0.14 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.11 <0.01 0.35 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

49

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Aliphatic and Aromatic benzo(g,h,i)perylene biphenyl indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene perylene Hydrocarbons in Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Sediments continued ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.023 0.01 0.016 <0.01 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 0.012 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. <0.01 0.011 <0.01 0.014 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.014 <0.01 <0.01 0.012 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 0.013 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.012 <0.01 <0.01 0.011 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Wind Cr. 0.024 0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Lower Timber Cr. 0.015 <0.01 <0.01 0.039 Upper Timber Cr. 0.011 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.011 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.034 0.013 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Three Mile Cr. <0.01 0.01 0.03 <0.01 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Fox Cr. 0.021 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Fox Cr. 0.035 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.051 <0.01 <0.01 0.013 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.031 0.01 <0.01 0.014

50

2 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin n- Aliphatic and Aromatic n-decane n-docosane n-dodecane dotriacontane Hydrocarbons *Arkansas Sample Sample Weight Collection Percent Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet in Invertebrates Darter ID Matrix Grams Date Moisture ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. P PF02I007 Invertebrate 24.7 6/17/2002 82.5 0.023 0.027 0.011 0.36 Upper Seven Mile Cr. P PF02I014 Invertebrate 30.9 6/17/2002 84.5 0.028 0.019 <0.01 0.18 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02I021 Invertebrate 26.5 6/18/2002 73.8 0.027 0.019 <0.01 0.066 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. P PF02I028 Invertebrate 15.1 6/18/2002 78.8 0.024 0.031 0.011 0.057 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02I035 Invertebrate 20.4 6/20/2002 80.6 0.022 0.049 0.013 0.29 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. P PF02I042 Invertebrate 12.1 6/20/2002 65.3 0.1 0.059 0.052 0.65 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02I091 Invertebrate 35.5 6/25/2002 81.8 0.023 0.16 0.011 0.14 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. P PF02I098 Invertebrate 6/25/2002 74.7 0.03 0.2 0.014 0.11 Lower Wind Cr. P PF02I105 Invertebrate 26.7 6/26/2002 79.6 0.038 0.035 0.018 0.12 Upper Wind Cr. P PF02I112 Invertebrate 67 6/26/2002 79.3 0.026 0.063 <0.01 0.088

Lower Timber Cr. NP PF02I049 Invertebrate 18.1 6/27/2002 80.3 <0.01 0.031 0.012 0.066 Upper Timber Cr. NP PF02I056 Invertebrate 20.4 6/27/2002 83.2 0.03 1.4 0.013 0.15 Lower Forsythe Cr. NP PF02I063 Invertebrate 10.3 6/19/2002 81.1 0.015 0.035 0.013 0.016 Upper Forsythe Cr. NP PF02I070 Invertebrate 12.2 6/19/2002 85 0.023 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Three Mile Cr. NP PF02I077 Invertebrate 18.3 6/19/2002 79 0.026 0.044 0.014 0.25 Upper Three Mile Cr. NP PF02I084 Invertebrate 22.2 6/19/2002 76.3 0.017 0.042 0.017 0.028 Lower Fox Cr. NP PF02I119 Invertebrate 17.5 7/22/2002 84.9 0.02 0.093 <0.01 0.075 Upper Fox Cr. NP PF02I126 Invertebrate 23.2 7/22/2002 79.6 0.033 0.12 0.011 0.033 Lower Palmer Cr. NP PF02I133 Invertebrate 33.3 7/25/2002 78.7 0.035 0.024 0.016 0.12 Upper Palmer Cr. NP PF02I140 Invertebrate 14.4 7/25/2002 70.9 0.02 0.031 0.013 0.16 *Arkansas Darter P=Present, NP=Not Present

51

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin n- n- Aliphatic and Aromatic n-hexadecane nonacosane n-nonadecane octacosane n-octadecane n-pentacosane Hydrocarbons in Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Invertebrates continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.011 0.3 0.023 0.048 0.017 0.42 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 0.01 0.25 <0.01 0.031 <0.01 0.11 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.019 0.44 0.023 0.046 0.037 0.15 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.012 0.7 0.02 0.012 0.018 0.15 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.012 0.32 0.014 0.057 <0.01 0.53 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.027 0.5 0.09 0.027 0.024 0.34 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.013 0.61 0.035 0.032 0.01 0.61 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.013 0.39 0.012 0.17 <0.01 0.41 Lower Wind Cr. 0.012 0.61 0.011 0.062 0.015 0.1 Upper Wind Cr. 0.013 0.52 0.014 0.05 0.025 0.16

Lower Timber Cr. 0.016 0.28 <0.01 0.019 0.023 0.23 Upper Timber Cr. 0.014 0.23 0.089 0.074 <0.01 0.91 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.017 0.14 0.027 0.028 0.015 0.081 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.017 0.38 0.027 0.027 <0.01 0.18 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.021 0.38 0.039 0.12 0.026 0.47 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.017 0.41 0.017 0.014 0.027 0.36 Lower Fox Cr. <0.01 0.59 0.11 0.044 <0.01 1.3 Upper Fox Cr. 0.014 0.87 0.072 0.081 <0.01 0.22 Lower Palmer Cr. <0.01 0.25 <0.01 0.028 0.014 0.085 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.015 0.67 <0.01 0.095 <0.01 0.64

52

Catalog # 6080068 02 KS Data Arkansas River Basin n- n- Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons pentadecane tetracosane n-tetradecane n-tetratriacontane n-triacontane n-tricosane in Invertebrates continued Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. 0.028 0.052 0.01 0.026 0.19 0.26 Upper Seven Mile Cr. 0.021 0.034 0.011 0.022 0.12 0.093 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. 0.039 0.026 0.014 0.037 0.06 0.08 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. 0.031 0.056 0.011 0.029 0.021 0.27 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.041 0.064 0.013 0.12 0.21 0.42 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.032 0.056 0.037 0.035 0.32 0.3 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.046 0.12 0.014 0.057 0.037 1.3 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.021 0.15 0.014 0.053 0.078 1.2 Lower Wind Cr. 0.019 0.052 0.011 0.021 0.044 0.13 Upper Wind Cr. 0.028 0.066 0.013 0.033 0.041 0.2

Lower Timber Cr. 0.01 0.038 0.014 0.013 0.068 0.12 Upper Timber Cr. 0.017 0.23 0.013 0.035 0.041 5.4 Lower Forsythe Cr. 0.014 0.045 0.013 <0.01 0.11 0.18 Upper Forsythe Cr. 0.014 0.07 0.013 <0.01 0.051 0.11 Lower Three Mile Cr. 0.061 0.058 0.017 0.089 0.37 0.69 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.05 0.092 0.013 0.02 0.046 0.48 Lower Fox Cr. <0.01 0.12 <0.01 <0.01 0.035 1.4 Upper Fox Cr. <0.01 0.13 0.011 0.044 0.098 1.3 Lower Palmer Cr. 0.046 0.037 0.012 0.037 0.067 0.057 Upper Palmer Cr. 0.042 0.1 0.013 0.063 0.095 0.22

53

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin n-tridecane n-tritriacontane n-undecane phytane pristane Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet in Invertebrates continued ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 0.13 0.019 <0.01 0.011 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 0.08 0.014 <0.01 0.022 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. <0.01 0.26 <0.01 <0.01 0.011 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. <0.01 0.2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. 0.011 0.16 0.041 <0.01 0.012 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.01 0.1 0.03 <0.01 0.023 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. 0.011 0.27 <0.01 0.025 <0.01 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.01 0.13 <0.01 0.028 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. <0.01 0.13 0.017 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Wind Cr. <0.01 0.22 <0.01 0.014 0.088

Lower Timber Cr. 0.016 0.1 <0.01 <0.01 0.011 Upper Timber Cr. <0.01 0.033 <0.01 0.015 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. <0.01 0.082 <0.01 0.015 <0.01 Upper Forsythe Cr. <0.01 0.06 <0.01 0.014 0.01 Lower Three Mile Cr. <0.01 0.12 0.013 0.011 <0.01 Upper Three Mile Cr. 0.01 0.3 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 Lower Fox Cr. <0.01 0.065 0.015 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Fox Cr. <0.01 0.098 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. <0.01 0.27 <0.01 0.016 <0.01 Upper Palmer Cr. <0.01 0.28 <0.01 0.019 0.01

54

02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin benzo(g,h,i)perylene biphenyl indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene perylene Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet Res Wet in Invertebrates continued ppm ppm ppm ppm

Sample Site Lower Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.013 Upper Seven Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Little Arkansas Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.031 <0.01 Upper Little Arkansas Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.011 <0.01 Lower Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Upper Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Lower Wildcat Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Wind Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Wind Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Lower Timber Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Timber Cr. <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Forsythe Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Forsythe Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Three Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Three Mile Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Fox Cr. <0.01 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Fox Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Lower Palmer Cr. <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Upper Palmer Cr. <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01

55 Appendix 4 - Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment and Invertebrate Samples Collected from Streams within the Arkansas Basin in 2002 that were Below Detection Limits

56 02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment and Invertebrate Samples that Detection Limit Compound Detection Limit were Below Detection Limits ppm ppm

Compound chrysene 0.01 benzo(e)pyrene 0.01 dibenzothiophene 0.01 benzo(k)fluoranthene 0.01 fluoranthene 0.01 chrysene 0.01 naphthalene 0.01 dibenzothiophene 0.01 1,6,7-Trimethyl-naphthalene 0.01 fluoranthene 0.01 1-methylnaphthalene 0.01 fluorene 0.01 1-methylphenanthrene 0.01 naphthalene 0.01 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene 0.01 pyrene 0.01 2-methylnaphthalene 0.01 HCB 0.01 Benzo(a)anthracene 0.01 PCB-TOTAL 0.02 C1-Fluoranthenes & Pyrenes 0.01 alachlor 0.01 C1-phenanthrenes 0.01 alpha BHC 0.02 C2-chrysenes 0.01 alpha chlordane 0.02 C2-dibenzothiophenes 0.01 beta BHC 0.02 C2-fluorenes 0.01 cis-nonachlor 0.02 C2-naphthalenes 0.01 delta BHC 0.02 C2-phenanthrenes 0.01 dieldrin 0.02 C3-chrysenes 0.01 endrin 0.02 C3-dibenzothiophenes 0.01 gamma BHC 0.02 C3-fluorenes 0.01 gamma chlordane 0.02 C3-naphthalenes 0.01 heptachlor epoxide 0.02 C3-phenanthrenes 0.01 mirex 0.02 C4-chrysenes 0.01 o,p'-DDD 0.02

57 02 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Arkansas River Basin Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment and Invertebrate Samples that were Below Detection Limits Detection Limit Compound Detection Limit continued ppm ppm

Compound C4-naphthalenes 0.01 o,p'-DDE 0.02 C4-phenanthrenes 0.01 o,p'-DDT 0.02 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 0.01 oxychlordane 0.02 acenaphthalene 0.01 p,p'-DDD 0.02 acenaphthene 0.01 p,p'-DDE 0.02 Anthracene 0.01 p,p'-DDT 0.02 benzo(a)pyrene 0.01 toxaphene 0.02 benzo(e)fluoranthene 0.01 trans-nonachlor 0.02

58 Appendix 5 - Map and Kansas and Arkansas Basins Sites Sampled for Water, Sediments, Invertebrates and Fish Tables

59

60 KS Data Catalog # 6080068 Kansas & Arkansas Basins Sites Sampled for Water, Sediments, Collection Stream County River Latitude Longitude Invertebrates and Fish Date Name Basin

Site ID Number KRS-014 7/2/2001 Thompson Cr. Kiowa Lower Arkansas 37.48889160 -99.13221741 KRS-015 7/3/2001 Turkey Cr. Barber Lower Arkansas 37.42861176 -98.91916656 105-LARB-01 6/29/2001 NF Ninnescah River Reno Lower Arkansas 37.90888300 -98.18140000 109-LARB-01 7/10/2001 Sandy Cr. Harper Lower Arkansas 37.00186700 -98.21140000 110-LARB-01 7/11/2001 Shoo Fly Cr. Sumner Lower Arkansas 37.00036700 -97.37845000 111-LARB-01 7/12/2001 Slate Cr. Sumner Lower Arkansas 37.35163300 -97.56183300 112-LARB-01 7/13/2001 Elm Cr. Barber Lower Arkansas 37.40180000 -98.64116700 122-LARB-01 7/31/2001 Chikaskia River Kingman Lower Arkansas 37.44300000 -98.02980000 123-LARB-01 8/1/2001 Chikaskia River Kingman Lower Arkansas 37.44295000 -98.19701700 129-LARB-01 8/13/2001 Cowskin Cr. Sedgwick Lower Arkansas 37.60171700 -97.40888300 012-PBLA-02 6/17/2002 Seven Mile Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.14138889 -96.71722222 013-PBLA-02 6/18/2002 Little Arkansas Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.23972222 -96.77000000 014-PBLA-02 6/19/2002 Three Mile Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.13000000 -96.76805556 015-PBLA-02 6/19/2002 Forsythe Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.10722222 -96.77611111 016-PBLA-02 6/20/2002 Wildcat Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.23805556 -96.76722222 019-PBLA-02 6/25/2002 Wildcat Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.21916667 -96.71527778 020-PBLA-02 6/26/2002 Wind Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.23555556 -96.78222222 021-PBLA-02 6/27/2002 Timber Cr. Riley Kansas-Lower Republican 39.29333333 -96.95361111 032-PBLA-02 7/22/2002 Fox Cr. Chase Neosho 38.40222222 -96.54888889 035-PBLA-02 7/25/2002 Palmer Cr. Chase Neosho 38.49222222 -96.58222222

61 Appendix 6 - Summary of Fish Collected by Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks

62 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 2, 2001, from Thompson Creek

KRS-014 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number Arkansas darter 1 1 2 bluegill 1 5 6 bluegill X green sunfish hybrid 1 1 central stoneroller 3 3 channel catfish 4 4 common carp 5 5 golden redhorse 7 1 8 green sunfish 2 2 largemouth bass 1 1 2 longear sunfish 3 3 orangethroat darter 2 2 4 red shiner 40 40 river carpsucker 2 2 sand shiner 24 24 western mosquitofish 1 1

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 3, 2001, from Turkey Creek

KRS-015 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number Arkansas darter 58 11 69 bluegill 1 1 central stoneroller 44 44 emerald shiner 6 6 green sunfish 2 2 largemouth bass 2 2 northern plains killifish 28 1 29 orangethroat darter 13 37 50 red shiner 28 28 sand shiner 28 28 western mosquitofish 5 5 yellow bullhead 4 5 9

63 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 29, 2001, from North Fork Ninnescah River

105-LARB-01 Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Sum of Total Number Arkansas darter 10 10 bullhead minnow 6 6 channel catfish 10 3 13 common carp 11 11 emerald shiner 2 2 freshwater drum 5 8 13 green sunfish 1 52 53 largemouth bass 2 8 10 northern plains killifish 51 51 red shiner 600 600 river carpsucker 2 2 sand shiner 316 316 western mosquitofish 31 31 white perch 3 3

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 10, 2001, from Sandy Creek

109-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number central stoneroller 14 14 channel catfish 1 1 fathead minnow 38 38 flathead catfish 1 1 green sunfish 156 156 largemouth bass 9 9 northern plains killifish 166 166 red shiner 149 149 sand shiner 139 139 suckermouth minnow 2 2 western mosquitofish 2 2

64 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 11, 2001, from Shoo Fly Creek 110-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluntnose minnow 131 131 bullhead minnow 75 75 central stoneroller 10 10 common carp 1 1 fathead minnow 24 flathead catfish 1 1 golden redhorse 4 4 green sunfish 1 3 4 longear sunfish 39 39 orangespotted sunfish 16 16 red shiner 1,333 1,333 sand shiner 19 19 slenderhead darter 5 5 10 suckermouth minnow 38 38 yellow bullhead 6 6

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 12, 2001, from Slate Creek

111-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 1 1 central stoneroller 191 191 channel catfish 5 5 fathead minnow 103 103 flathead catfish 5 5 green sunfish 6 39 45 largemouth bass 1 5 6 orangespotted sunfish 1 1 orangethroat darter 46 46 Ozark logperch 1 1 red shiner 727 727 sand shiner 428 428 suckermouth minnow 246 246 yellow bullhead 4 1 5

65 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 13, 2001, from Elm Creek

112-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number Arkansas darter 2 2 bluegill 1 1 central stoneroller 98 104 202 channel catfish 2 3 5 emerald shiner 34 34 green sunfish 2 19 21 largemouth bass 3 3 northern plains killifish 213 213 red shiner 162 162 sand shiner 109 109 yellow bullhead 29 6 35

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 31, 2001, from Chikaskia River

122-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 2 2 bullhead minnow 4 4 central stoneroller 24 41 65 channel catfish 8 8 fathead minnow 17 17 flathead catfish 2 3 5 green sunfish 12 148 160 largemouth bass 20 20 northern plains killifish 20 20 orangespotted sunfish 1 1 orangethroat darter 26 3 29 red shiner 336 336 sand shiner 34 34 suckermouth minnow 11 11 western mosquitofish 2 2 yellow bullhead 1 2 3

66 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on August 1, 2001, from Chikaskia River

123-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number Arkansas darter 13 13 bluegill 1 27 28 bluntface shiner 3 3 bluntnose minnow 3 3 central stoneroller 287 64 351 channel catfish 1 16 17 fathead minnow 31 31 golden redhorse 1 1 green sunfish 11 102 113 largemouth bass 33 33 northern plains killifish 178 5 183 orangethroat darter 23 23 red shiner 752 752 river carpsucker 1 1 sand shiner 223 223 shorthead redhorse 2 2 suckermouth minnow 186 186 western mosquitofish 3 3 yellow bullhead 1 1 2

67 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on August 13, 2001, from Cowskin Creek

129-LARB-01 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluegill 59 59 bullhead minnow 86 8 94 channel catfish 1 60 61 common carp 3 3 emerald shiner 66 66 fathead minnow 4 4 flathead catfish 1 7 8 gizzard shad 1 18 19 green sunfish 13 21 34 largemouth bass 7 4 11 longear sunfish 23 23 longnose gar 1 1 northern plains killifish 23 23 orangespotted sunfish 2 2 quillback 1 1 red shiner 1,730 1,730 river carpsucker 3 3 sand shiner 550 550 slenderhead darter 8 1 9 suckermouth minnow 151 151 western mosquitofish 31 31 white crappie 1 1 2

68 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 17, 2002, from Seven Mile Creek

012-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluegill 7 7 bluntnose minnow 88 20 108 central stoneroller 139 14 153 common shiner 89 62 151 creek chub 59 7 66 green sunfish 5 8 13 largemouth bass 254 254 longear sunfish 3 37 40 orangespotted sunfish 2 8 10 orangethroat darter 138 1 139 red shiner 220 2 222 redfin shiner 107 58 165 slender madtom 34 34 slenderhead darter 1 1 suckermouth minnow 8 8 white sucker 3 3 yellow bullhead 1 1 2

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 18, 2002, from Little Arkansas Creek

013-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 1 1 bluntnose minnow 25 5 30 central stoneroller 2 15 17 common shiner 20 13 33 creek chub 2 2 fathead minnow 1 1 green sunfish 1 7 8 longear sunfish 1 5 6 orangespotted sunfish 1 1 orangethroat darter 1 6 7 Ozark logperch 1 1 red shiner 54 54 redfin shiner 75 11 86 slender madtom 5 8 13 white sucker 1 1 yellow bullhead 1 2 3

69 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 19, 2002, from Three Mile Creek

014-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 3 3 6 bluntnose minnow 42 10 52 central stoneroller 407 187 594 common shiner 16 132 148 creek chub 113 60 173 fathead minnow 26 26 green sunfish 26 9 35 longear sunfish 6 38 44 orangespotted sunfish 8 2 10 orangethroat darter 43 12 55 Ozark logperch 1 1 red shiner 93 28 121 redfin shiner 182 27 209 slender madtom 3 7 10 southern redbelly dace 1 1 white sucker 5 70 75

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 19, 2002, from Forsythe Creek

015-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 1 1 2 central stoneroller 306 21 327 common shiner 85 85 common shiner X creek chub 1 1 creek chub 9 13 22 fathead minnow 19 19 orangethroat darter 121 121 yellow bullhead 2 2

70 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 20, 2002, from Wildcat Creek

016-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluntnose minnow 141 8 149 central stoneroller 92 14 106 common shiner 110 35 145 creek chub 7 6 13 fathead minnow 3 3 green sunfish 6 23 29 largemouth bass 2 5 7 longear sunfish 14 67 81 orangespotted sunfish 1 1 2 orangethroat darter 39 3 42 Ozark logperch 4 4 red shiner 402 10 412 redfin shiner 761 596 1,357 slender madtom 97 29 126 spotted bass 9 9 stonecat 6 6 suckermouth minnow 54 1 55 white sucker 1 14 15 yellow bullhead 4 4

71 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 25, 2002, from Wildcat Creek

019-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluegill 1 1 bluntnose minnow 625 219 844 central stoneroller 311 198 509 channel catfish 8 8 common shiner 9 4 13 creek chub 24 21 45 fathead minnow 6 6 flathead catfish 3 3 green sunfish 22 27 49 largemouth bass 1 4 5 longear sunfish 39 299 338 longnose gar 3 3 orangespotted sunfish 8 7 15 orangethroat darter 267 39 306 Ozark logperch 13 9 22 red shiner 1,184 338 1,522 redfin shiner 768 278 1,046 sand shiner 11 11 shorthead redhorse 1 1 slender madtom 16 143 159 spotted bass 5 5 suckermouth minnow 112 20 132 Topeka shiner 5 1 6 white sucker 1 1

72 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 26, 2002, from Wind Creek

020-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluntnose minnow 41 0 41 central stoneroller 31 116 147 creek chub 12 27 39 green sunfish 50 26 76 largemouth bass 0 1 1 longear sunfish 6 62 68 orangethroat darter 23 11 34 redfin shiner 143 97 240 slender madtom 8 6 14 stonecat 1 1 yellow bullhead 0 2 2

Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on June 27, 2002, from Timber Creek

021-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number black bullhead 2 8 10 bluegill 12 12 bluegill X green sunfish hybrid 2 2 4 central stoneroller 310 20 330 channel catfish 1 1 creek chub 128 100 228 green sunfish 11 4 15 largemouth bass 4 165 169 orangespotted sunfish 5 5 orangethroat darter 683 8 691 Ozark logperch 11 66 77 red shiner 16 16 redfin shiner 25 2 27 stonecat 1 1 suckermouth minnow 34 34 white sucker 8 8 yellow bullhead 2 1 3

73 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 22, 2002, from Fox Creek

032-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number blackstripe topminnow 2 2 bluegill 3 30 33 bluntnose minnow 49 18 67 brook silverside 5 5 central stoneroller 3 97 100 channel catfish 4 4 channel darter 5 5 common carp 1 1 freshwater drum 2 2 gizzard shad 1 5 6 green sunfish 6 3 9 largemouth bass 3 19 22 longear sunfish 9 6 15 orangespotted sunfish 49 2 51 orangethroat darter 14 5 19 Ozark logperch 8 8 red shiner 186 186 redfin shiner 292 15 307 river carpsucker 1 1 shorthead redhorse 13 13 slenderhead darter 1 1 slim minnow 24 24 smallmouth buffalo 1 1 spotted bass 1 1 spotted sucker 1 1 stonecat 1 1 suckermouth minnow 6 7 13 western mosquitofish 1 3 4 white crappie 2 19 21

74 Summary of Fish Collected by KDWP on July 25, 2002, from Palmer Creek

035-PBLA-02 Sum Of Total Common Name Sum Of Adult Sum Of Juvenile Number bluntnose minnow 17 6 23 cardinal shiner 2 42 44 central stoneroller 627 451 1,078 creek chub 67 55 122 golden redhorse 2 2 green sunfish 4 18 22 orangespotted sunfish 23 1 24 orangethroat darter 107 106 213

75 Appendix 7 - Arkansas Darter

76

Photo by Bob Gress used by permission

Arkansas Darter Etheostoma cragini

Federal Status: Candidate for listing

State Status: Threatened

Range: Dark Blue = Counties with designated critical habitat Light Blue = Historical records Comments: The Arkansas darter is restricted to the greater Arkansas River drainage. It is found in clear, spring-fed streams with aquatic vegetation. These shallow-water habitats without strong current are also good places to find watercress, a vegetative cover that provides the Arkansas darter hiding places from predators. The Arkansas darter will dive head first into the muddy substrate when frightened and remain hidden by the cloud of silt suspended in the water. Spawning occurs in early spring when the male is brightly colored with an orange-red belly. Although this darter will live 3 years, most of the spawning population is in its first year. Depletion of groundwater, which results in streams going dry, is one of the major causes for the decline of the Arkansas darter. It is found in Kansas in the Spring River basin in the southeast corner of the state and several tributaries of the Arkansas River in south-central Kansas.

77 Appendix 8 - Topeka Shiner

78

Photo by Garold Sneegas used by permission

Topeka Shiner Notropis topeka

Federal Status: Endangered

State Status: Threatened

Range: Dark Blue = Counties with designated critical habitat Light Blue = Historical records Comments: The male Topeka shiner has brilliant orange-red fins and cheeks during spawning season. The small, chevron-shaped dark spot at the base of the tail is a good identifying mark. Topeka shiners inhabit small tributary streams primarily in the Flint Hills. These streams often quit flowing during droughts, and the Topeka shiner has adapted to these conditions by seeking refuge in spring fed pools. The Topeka shiner has the interesting behavior of spawning in the nests of sunfish species, especially the green and orange-spotted sunfish. It is known from six states but is imperiled because it has disappeared from nearly 80 percent of its former range. Pollution and habitat alteration caused by impoundments and stream channelization are blamed for the decline.

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