The California Consumer Product Regulations
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Antiperspirants and Breast Cancer Risk
cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 Antiperspirants and Breast Cancer Risk For some time, an email rumor suggested that underarm antiperspirants cause breast cancer1. Among its claims: ● Cancer-causing substances in antiperspirants are absorbed through razor nicks from underarm shaving. These substances are said to be deposited in the lymph nodes under the arm, which are not able to get rid of them by sweating because the antiperspirant keeps you from perspiring. This causes a high concentration of toxins, which leads to cells mutating into cancer. ● Most breast cancers develop in the upper outer quadrant of the breast because that area is closest to the lymph nodes exposed to antiperspirants. (Think of the breast as a circle divided by vertical and horizontal lines that cross at the nipple. Each of the 4 sectors you divide the breast into is called a quadrant. The upper outer quadrant of each breast is the part closest to the arm pit.) ● Men have a lower risk of breast cancer because they do not shave their underarms, and their underarm hair keeps chemicals in antiperspirants from being absorbed. All of these claims are largely untrue. Do antiperspirants increase a person's risk of breast cancer? There are no strong epidemiologic studies in the medical literature that link breast cancer risk and antiperspirant use, and very little scientific evidence to support this claim. In fact, a carefully designed epidemiologic study of this issue published in 2002 compared 813 women with breast cancer and 793 women without the disease. The researchers found no link between breast cancer risk and antiperspirant use, deodorant 1 ____________________________________________________________________________________American Cancer Society cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 use, or underarm shaving. -
Antiperspirants and Deodorants Regulation 1 Final Regulation Order REGULATION for REDUCING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS F
Final Regulation Order REGULATION FOR REDUCING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS SUBCHAPTER 8.5. CONSUMER PRODUCTS Article 1. Antiperspirants and Deodorants 94500. Applicability. Except as provided in Section 94503, this article shall apply to any person who sells, supplies, offers for sale, or manufactures antiperspirants or deodorants for use in the state of California. NOTE: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601, and 41712, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 39002, 39600, 40000, and 41712, Health and Safety Code. Amend title 17, California Code of Regulations, section 94501 as follows: 94501. Definitions. For the purpose of this article, the following definitions apply: (a) “Aerosol Product” means a pressurized spray system that dispenses antiperspirant or deodorant ingredients. (b) “Antiperspirant” means any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that is intended by the manufacturer to be used to reduce perspiration in the human axilla by at least 20 percent in at least 50 percent of a target population. (c) “Colorant” means any substance or mixture of substances, the primary purpose of which is to color or modify the color of something else. (d) “Deodorant” means: 1) for products manufactured before January 1, 2006: any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that is intended by the manufacturer to be used to minimize odor in the human axilla by retarding the growth of bacteria which cause the decomposition of perspiration. 2) for products manufactured on or after January 1, 2006: any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, Antiperspirants and 1 Deodorants Regulation pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that indicates or depicts on the container or packaging, or on any sticker or label affixed thereto, that the product can be used on or applied to the human axilla to provide a scent and/or minimize odor. -
Regional Influence of Wildfires on Aerosol Chemistry in the Western US
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2477–2493, 2017 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/2477/2017/ doi:10.5194/acp-17-2477-2017 © Author(s) 2017. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Regional influence of wildfires on aerosol chemistry in the western US and insights into atmospheric aging of biomass burning organic aerosol Shan Zhou1, Sonya Collier1, Daniel A. Jaffe2,3, Nicole L. Briggs2,3,4, Jonathan Hee2,3, Arthur J. Sedlacek III5, Lawrence Kleinman5, Timothy B. Onasch6, and Qi Zhang1 1Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2School of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA 98011, USA 3Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 4Gradient, Seattle, WA 98101, USA 5Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA 6Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA Correspondence to: Qi Zhang ([email protected]) Received: 19 September 2016 – Discussion started: 23 September 2016 Revised: 2 January 2017 – Accepted: 19 January 2017 – Published: 16 February 2017 Abstract. Biomass burning (BB) is one of the most im- OA mass); and a highly oxidized BBOA-3 (O = C D 1.06; portant contributors to atmospheric aerosols on a global 31 % of OA mass) that showed very low volatility with only scale, and wildfires are a large source of emissions that im- ∼ 40 % mass loss at 200 ◦C. The remaining 32 % of the OA pact regional air quality and global climate. As part of the mass was attributed to a boundary layer (BL) oxygenated Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP) field cam- OA (BL-OOA; O = C D 0.69) representing OA influenced by paign in summer 2013, we deployed a high-resolution time- BL dynamics and a low-volatility oxygenated OA (LV-OOA; of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-AMS) coupled with O = C D 1.09) representing regional aerosols in the free tro- a thermodenuder at the Mt. -
Impacts of Anthropogenic Aerosols on Fog in North China Plain
BNL-209645-2018-JAAM Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres RESEARCH ARTICLE Impacts of Anthropogenic Aerosols on Fog in North China Plain 10.1029/2018JD029437 Xingcan Jia1,2,3 , Jiannong Quan1 , Ziyan Zheng4, Xiange Liu5,6, Quan Liu5,6, Hui He5,6, 2 Key Points: and Yangang Liu • Aerosols strengthen and prolong fog 1 2 events in polluted environment Institute of Urban Meteorology, Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China, Brookhaven National Laboratory, • Aerosol effects are stronger on Upton, NY, USA, 3Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University microphysical properties than of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 4Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, macrophysical properties Beijing, China, 5Beijing Weather Modification Office, Beijing, China, 6Beijing Key Laboratory of Cloud, Precipitation and • Turbulence is enhanced by aerosols during fog formation and growth but Atmospheric Water Resources, Beijing, China suppressed during fog dissipation Abstract Fog poses a severe environmental problem in the North China Plain, China, which has been Supporting Information: witnessing increases in anthropogenic emission since the early 1980s. This work first uses the WRF/Chem • Supporting Information S1 model coupled with the local anthropogenic emissions to simulate and evaluate a severe fog event occurring Correspondence to: in North China Plain. Comparison of the simulations against observations shows that WRF/Chem well X. Jia and Y. Liu, reproduces the general features of temporal evolution of PM2.5 mass concentration, fog spatial distribution, [email protected]; visibility, and vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor content, and relative humidity in the planetary [email protected] boundary layer throughout the whole period of the fog event. -
Petition of the Procter & Gamble Company for Approval of Proposed Divestiture
PUBLIC RECORD VERSION UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEFÖRE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION COMMISSIONERS: Deborah Platt Majoras, Chairman Pamela Jones Harbour Jon Leibowitz Wiliam E. Kovacic J. Thomas Rosch ) In the Matter of ) ) THEa corporation;PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, ) ) ) Docket No. C-4151 and ) File No. 051-0115 ) THE GILLETTE COMPANY, ) a corporation., ) ) ) PETITION OF THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY FOR APPROVAL OF PROPOSED DIVESTITURE Pursuant to Section 2.41(f) of the Federal Trade Commission ("Commission" or "FTC") Rules of Practice and Procedure, 16 CF.R. § 2.41(f) (2005), and Paragraph II.A. of the final Decision and Order approved by the Commission in the above-captioned matter, The Procter & Gamble Company ("P&G") hereby fies this Petition for Approval of Proposed Divestitue ("Petition") requesting the Commission's approval of the divestitue of the APDO business, including Right Guard, Soft & Dri, Dry Idea, Natrel Plus, and Balance ("the APDO Assets") of The Gilette Company ("Gilette"), to The Dial Corporation ("Dial"), a subsidiar of Henkel KGaA ("Henkel"). .~ PUBLIC RECORD VERSION I. INTRODUCTION On September 23,2005, P&G and the Commission entered into an Agreement Containing Consent Orders, including an initial Decision and Order and an Order to Maintain Assets. On October 1,2005, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger between P&G and Gilette dated Januar 27, 2005, P&G completed its acquisition of Gilette. After a period of public comment, on December 15, 2005, the Commission issued its final Decision and Order , ("Order") (with minor changes) and Order to Maintain Assets (without changes) (collectively, the "Consent Agreement"). At the same time it reissued its Complaint (also without changes). -
Characterization of Air Freshener Emission: the Potential Health Effects
The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (J. Toxicol. Sci.) 535 Vol.40, No.5, 535-550, 2015 Review Characterization of air freshener emission: the potential health effects Sanghwa Kim1, 2,*, Seong-Ho Hong1,*, Choon-Keun Bong3 and Myung-Haing Cho1,2,4,5,6 1Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea 2Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea 3Green Solus, Seoul 172-775, Korea 4Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea 5Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea 6Institute of GreenBio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 232-916, Korea (Received March 30, 2015; Accepted June 3, 2015) ABSTRACT — Air freshener could be one of the multiple sources that release volatile organic com- pounds (VOCs) into the indoor environment. The use of these products may be associated with an increase in the measured level of terpene, such as xylene and other volatile air freshener components, including aldehydes, and esters. Air freshener is usually used indoors, and thus some compounds emit- ted from air freshener may have potentially harmful health impacts, including sensory irritation, respira- tory symptoms, and dysfunction of the lungs. The constituents of air fresheners can react with ozone to produce secondary pollutants such as formaldehyde, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), oxidative product, and ultrafine particles. These pollutants then adversely affect human health, in many ways such as dam- age to the central nervous system, alteration of hormone levels, etc. -
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the SOUTHERN DISTRICT of OHIO RODNEY COLLEY (On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situ
Case: 2:16-cv-00225-MHW-KAJ Doc #: 1 Filed: 03/11/16 Page: 1 of 27 PAGEID #: 1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO RODNEY COLLEY (on behalf of himself ) CASE NO. and all others similarly situated) ) 3303 Wooden Valley Ct. ) JUDGE: Alexandria, Virginia 22310 ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) ) CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT PROCTER & GAMBLE CO. ) D/B/A/ OLD SPICE ) (Jury Demand Endorsed Hereon) c/o CT CORPORATION SYSTEM ) 1300 East Ninth Street ) Cleveland, Ohio 44114 ) ) and ) ) JOHN DOES 1-10 ) ) Defendants. ) ) Now comes Rodney Colley (“Plaintiff”), by and through undersigned counsel, for himself individually and as class representative for a class of similarly situated individuals, and alleges upon personal knowledge and information and belief, the following: Case: 2:16-cv-00225-MHW-KAJ Doc #: 1 Filed: 03/11/16 Page: 2 of 27 PAGEID #: 2 INTRODUCTION 1. This is a consumer protection claim, which is ideal for class certification.1Plaintiff on behalf of himself and as class representative for a class of similarly situated individuals defined below, brings suit to seek redress for violations of Ohio’s Product Liability Act, Ohio’s Consumer Sales Practices Act, breach of implied warranty of merchantability and unjust enrichment. Plaintiff and all Class members have been and continue to be injured by Procter & Gamble, Co.’s, d/b/a Old Spice’s (hereinafter “P&G” or “Old Spice”), pattern and practice of placing into the stream of commerce dangerous products. Namely Old Spice deodorant, which regularly and routinely causes rashes, irritation, burning and other injury to unsuspecting customers (“the Product”). -
Formulation and Effectivity Test of Deodorant from Activated Charcoal of Palm Shell As Excessive Sweat Adsorbent on Body
Online - 2455-3891 Vol 12, Issue 10, 2019 Print - 0974-2441 Research Article FORMULATION AND EFFECTIVITY TEST OF DEODORANT FROM ACTIVATED CHARCOAL OF PALM SHELL AS EXCESSIVE SWEAT ADSORBENT ON BODY UCE LESTARI1*, FAIZAR FARID2, AHMAD FUDHOLI3 1Pharmaceutical Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology University of Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia. 2Chemical Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology University of Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia. 3Department of Physics Engineering, Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi Selangor, Malaysia. Email: [email protected] Received: 08 April 2019, Revised and Accepted: 23 August 2019 ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to know the physically stable deodorant preparations during storage and to obtain the preparations. Methods: The evaluation of the physical properties of deodorant include: Organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH measurement, viscosity, flow properties, drying time, moisture content, flow time, density, cycling test, hedonic test, irritation test, and effectivity test of sweat adsorption. Activated charcoal used by the formulation of deodorant powder and roll on each with a concentration of 15%. Results: The physicochemical evaluation was obtained. Descriptively produced data stated that deodorant powder is more physically stable that deodorant roll-on which has separated during storage. Conclusion: For the effectivity of sweat adsorption, deodorant powder is more effective than deodorant roll-on. Keywords: Deodorant, Activated charcoal, Palm shell, Sweat. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4. 0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i10.33490 INTRODUCTION from that used to adsorb excessive sweats in the body that interfere daily activity and lower confidence [8]. -
The Impact of Aerosols on the Color and Brightness of the Sun and Sky
The Impact of Aerosols on the Color and Brightness of the Sun and Sky Stanley David Gedzelman * Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and NOAA CREST Center, City College of New York 1. INTRODUCTION and brightness that capture the main aspects of scattering behavior. SKYCOLOR is such a model. Long before the climatic impact of aerosols was It is available at www.sci.ccny.cuny.edu/~stan recognized, their impact on the appearance of the (then click on Atmospheric Optics). In §2, sky was considered obvious (Minnaert, 1954). SKYCOLOR is briefly described and in §3 it is The sky is deepest blue when air is clean and dry, applied to situations that indicate how sky color but it always whitens toward the horizon when the and brightness provide information about the sun is high in the sky and reddens at the horizon aerosol and ozone content of the atmosphere. during twilight. Hazy skies are typically brighter, This shows its relevance to climate problems. particularly near the sun, but less blue, and may even take on pastel or earth tones. At twilight, 2. SKYCOLOR: THE MODEL aerosol laden skies can exhibit rich red colors near the horizon, and volcanic aerosol particles SKYCOLOR is a simplified model of sky color and may even turn the twilight sky crimson far above brightness in the vertical plane including the sun the horizon. and the observer (Gedzelman, 2005). Model Sky colors result from a combination of factors skylight consists of sunbeams that are scattered including the solar spectrum and zenith angle, the toward the observer, but depleted by scattering scattering properties of air molecules and aerosol and absorption in the Chappuis bands of ozone. -
WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality : Selected Pollutants
WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY: WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY: This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of pub- lic health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethyl- ene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazard- ousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmen- SELECTED CHEMICALS SELECTED tal exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. POLLUTANTS They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards. World Health Organization Regional Offi ce for Europe Scherfi gsvej 8, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Tel.: +45 39 17 17 17. Fax: +45 39 17 18 18 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.euro.who.int WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: selected pollutants The WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn Office, WHO Regional Office for Europe coordinated the development of these WHO guidelines. Keywords AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR - prevention and control AIR POLLUTANTS - adverse effects ORGANIC CHEMICALS ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE - adverse effects GUIDELINES ISBN 978 92 890 0213 4 Address requests for publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for per- mission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). -
Opinion on Air Fresheners, SCHER Plenary, 27 January 2006
EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Directorate C - Public Health and Risk Assessment C7 - Risk assessment SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS SCHER Opinion on the report “Emission of chemicals by air fresheners Tests on 74 consumer products sold in Europe” (BEUC report January 2005) Adopted by the SCHER during the 9th plenary of 27 January 2006 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND......................................................................................................... 3 2. TERMS OF REFERENCE.......................................................................................... 3 3. GENERAL COMMENTS........................................................................................... 4 4. SPECIFIC COMMENTS............................................................................................ 5 4.1. Exposure assessment......................................................................................... 5 4.1.1. The BEUC study ................................................................................. 5 4.1.2. VOCs................................................................................................... 5 4.1.3. Allergens ............................................................................................. 6 4.1.4. Benzene ............................................................................................... 6 4.1.5. Formaldehyde...................................................................................... 6 4.1.6. Terpenes -
Ozone: Good up High, Bad Nearby
actions you can take High-Altitude “Good” Ozone Ground-Level “Bad” Ozone •Protect yourself against sunburn. When the UV Index is •Check the air quality forecast in your area. At times when the Air “high” or “very high”: Limit outdoor activities between 10 Quality Index (AQI) is forecast to be unhealthy, limit physical exertion am and 4 pm, when the sun is most intense. Twenty minutes outdoors. In many places, ozone peaks in mid-afternoon to early before going outside, liberally apply a broad-spectrum evening. Change the time of day of strenuous outdoor activity to avoid sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 15. these hours, or reduce the intensity of the activity. For AQI forecasts, Reapply every two hours or after swimming or sweating. For check your local media reports or visit: www.epa.gov/airnow UV Index forecasts, check local media reports or visit: www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvindex.html •Help your local electric utilities reduce ozone air pollution by conserving energy at home and the office. Consider setting your •Use approved refrigerants in air conditioning and thermostat a little higher in the summer. Participate in your local refrigeration equipment. Make sure technicians that work on utilities’ load-sharing and energy conservation programs. your car or home air conditioners or refrigerator are certified to recover the refrigerant. Repair leaky air conditioning units •Reduce air pollution from cars, trucks, gas-powered lawn and garden before refilling them. equipment, boats and other engines by keeping equipment properly tuned and maintained. During the summer, fill your gas tank during the cooler evening hours and be careful not to spill gasoline.