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LESSON 3 Significant Aircraft of World War II
LESSON 3 Significant Aircraft of World War II ORREST LEE “WOODY” VOSLER of Lyndonville, Quick Write New York, was a radio operator and gunner during F World War ll. He was the second enlisted member of the Army Air Forces to receive the Medal of Honor. Staff Sergeant Vosler was assigned to a bomb group Time and time again we read about heroic acts based in England. On 20 December 1943, fl ying on his accomplished by military fourth combat mission over Bremen, Germany, Vosler’s servicemen and women B-17 was hit by anti-aircraft fi re, severely damaging it during wartime. After reading the story about and forcing it out of formation. Staff Sergeant Vosler, name Vosler was severely wounded in his legs and thighs three things he did to help his crew survive, which by a mortar shell exploding in the radio compartment. earned him the Medal With the tail end of the aircraft destroyed and the tail of Honor. gunner wounded in critical condition, Vosler stepped up and manned the guns. Without a man on the rear guns, the aircraft would have been defenseless against German fi ghters attacking from that direction. Learn About While providing cover fi re from the tail gun, Vosler was • the development of struck in the chest and face. Metal shrapnel was lodged bombers during the war into both of his eyes, impairing his vision. Able only to • the development of see indistinct shapes and blurs, Vosler never left his post fi ghters during the war and continued to fi re. -
Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War
The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War PRINTER: strip in FIGURE NUMBER A-1 Shoot at 277% bleed all sides Stephen L. McFarland A Douglas P–70 takes off for a night fighter training mission, silhouetted by the setting Florida sun. 2 The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War Stephen L. McFarland AIR FORCE HISTORY AND MUSEUMS PROGRAM 1998 Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War The author traces the AAF’s development of aerial night fighting, in- cluding technology, training, and tactical operations in the North African, European, Pacific, and Asian theaters of war. In this effort the United States never wanted for recruits in what was, from start to finish, an all-volunteer night fighting force. Cut short the night; use some of it for the day’s business. — Seneca For combatants, a constant in warfare through the ages has been the sanctuary of night, a refuge from the terror of the day’s armed struggle. On the other hand, darkness has offered protection for operations made too dangerous by daylight. Combat has also extended into the twilight as day has seemed to provide too little time for the destruction demanded in modern mass warfare. In World War II the United States Army Air Forces (AAF) flew night- time missions to counter enemy activities under cover of darkness. Allied air forces had established air superiority over the battlefield and behind their own lines, and so Axis air forces had to exploit the night’s protection for their attacks on Allied installations. -
P-38 Lightning
P-38 Lightning P-38 Lightning Type Heavy fighter Manufacturer Lockheed Designed by Kelly Johnson Maiden flight 27 January 1939 Introduction 1941 Retired 1949 Primary user United States Army Air Force Produced 1941–45 Number built 10,037[1] Unit cost US$134,284 when new[2] Variants Lockheed XP-49 XP-58 Chain Lightning The Lockheed P-38 Lightning was a World War II American fighter aircraft. Developed to a United States Army Air Corps requirement, the P-38 had distinctive twin booms with forward-mounted engines and a single, central nacelle containing the pilot and armament. The aircraft was used in a number of different roles, including dive bombing, level bombing, ground strafing, photo reconnaissance missions,[3] and extensively as a long-range escort fighter when equipped with droppable fuel tanks under its wings. The P-38 was used most extensively and successfully in the Pacific Theater of Operations and the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations, where it was flown by the American pilots with the highest number of aerial victories to this date. The Lightning called "Marge" was flown by the ace of aces Richard Bong who earned 40 victories. Second with 38 was Thomas McGuire in his aircraft called "Pudgy". In the South West Pacific theater, it was a primary fighter of United States Army Air Forces until the appearance of large numbers of P-51D Mustangs toward the end of the war. [4][5] 1 Design and development Lockheed YP-38 (1943) Lockheed designed the P-38 in response to a 1937 United States Army Air Corps request for a high- altitude interceptor aircraft, capable of 360 miles per hour at an altitude of 20,000 feet, (580 km/h at 6100 m).[6] The Bell P-39 Airacobra and the Curtiss P-40 Warhawk were also designed to meet the same requirements. -
Aircraft Collection
A, AIR & SPA ID SE CE MU REP SEU INT M AIRCRAFT COLLECTION From the Avenger torpedo bomber, a stalwart from Intrepid’s World War II service, to the A-12, the spy plane from the Cold War, this collection reflects some of the GREATEST ACHIEVEMENTS IN MILITARY AVIATION. Photo: Liam Marshall TABLE OF CONTENTS Bombers / Attack Fighters Multirole Helicopters Reconnaissance / Surveillance Trainers OV-101 Enterprise Concorde Aircraft Restoration Hangar Photo: Liam Marshall BOMBERS/ATTACK The basic mission of the aircraft carrier is to project the U.S. Navy’s military strength far beyond our shores. These warships are primarily deployed to deter aggression and protect American strategic interests. Should deterrence fail, the carrier’s bombers and attack aircraft engage in vital operations to support other forces. The collection includes the 1940-designed Grumman TBM Avenger of World War II. Also on display is the Douglas A-1 Skyraider, a true workhorse of the 1950s and ‘60s, as well as the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk and Grumman A-6 Intruder, stalwarts of the Vietnam War. Photo: Collection of the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum GRUMMAN / EASTERNGRUMMAN AIRCRAFT AVENGER TBM-3E GRUMMAN/EASTERN AIRCRAFT TBM-3E AVENGER TORPEDO BOMBER First flown in 1941 and introduced operationally in June 1942, the Avenger became the U.S. Navy’s standard torpedo bomber throughout World War II, with more than 9,836 constructed. Originally built as the TBF by Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, they were affectionately nicknamed “Turkeys” for their somewhat ungainly appearance. Bomber Torpedo In 1943 Grumman was tasked to build the F6F Hellcat fighter for the Navy. -
CO2 Incapacitation, Douglas DC-8-51, 1998-04-29
CO2 incapacitation, Douglas DC-8-51, 1998-04-29 Micro-summary: The crew of this Douglas DC-8-51 reported side effects from CO2 inhalation, prompting a return to parking. Event Date: 1998-04-29 at 2100 CDT Investigative Body: National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), USA Investigative Body's Web Site: http://www.ntsb.gov/ Cautions: 1. Accident reports can be and sometimes are revised. Be sure to consult the investigative agency for the latest version before basing anything significant on content (e.g., thesis, research, etc). 2. Readers are advised that each report is a glimpse of events at specific points in time. While broad themes permeate the causal events leading up to crashes, and we can learn from those, the specific regulatory and technological environments can and do change. Your company's flight operations manual is the final authority as to the safe operation of your aircraft! 3. Reports may or may not represent reality. Many many non-scientific factors go into an investigation, including the magnitude of the event, the experience of the investigator, the political climate, relationship with the regulatory authority, technological and recovery capabilities, etc. It is recommended that the reader review all reports analytically. Even a "bad" report can be a very useful launching point for learning. 4. Contact us before reproducing or redistributing a report from this anthology. Individual countries have very differing views on copyright! We can advise you on the steps to follow. Aircraft Accident Reports on DVD, Copyright © -
D-Day HISTORYHIT.COM
D-Day HISTORYHIT.COM 1 D-Day HISTORYHIT.COM On 6 June 1944, the Allies launched the greatest amphibious invasion in history. Codenamed “Overlord” but best known today as “D-Day”, the operation saw Allied forces landing on the beaches of Normandy in Nazi-occupied France in huge numbers. By the end of the day, the Allies had established a foothold on the French coastline. The statistics for the invasion force involved in the operation are staggering. By midnight on 6 June, 132,000 Allied forces had landed in France, while more than 2 million were eventually shipped there, comprising a total of 39 divisions. Thousands of vessels took part in the operation including 139 major warships; 221 smaller combat vessels; more than 1000 minesweepers and auxiliary vessels; 4,000 landing craft; 805 merchant ships; 59 blockships; and 300 miscellaneous small craft. Eleven thousand aircraft also took part including fighters, bombers, transports and gliders. The invasion force also had the support of around 350,000 members of the French Resistance, who launched hit-and-run attacks on German targets. From Omaha Beach to Operation Bodyguard this eBook explores D-Day and the beginning of the Battle of Normandy. Detailed articles explain key topics, edited from various History Hit resources. Included in this eBook are articles written for History Hit by some of the world’s leading World War Two historians, including Patrick Eriksson and Martin Bowman. Features written by History Hit staff past and present are also included. You can access all these articles on historyhit.com. D-Day was compiled by Tristan Hughes. -
The Fighting Five-Tenth: One Fighter-Bomber Squadron's
The Fighting Five-Tenth: One Fighter-Bomber Squadron’s Experience during the Development of World War II Tactical Air Power by Adrianne Lee Hodgin Bruce A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama December 14, 2013 Keywords: World War II, fighter squadrons, tactical air power, P-47 Thunderbolt, European Theater of Operations Copyright 2013 by Adrianne Lee Hodgin Bruce Approved by William Trimble, Chair, Alumni Professor of History Alan Meyer, Assistant Professor of History Mark Sheftall, Associate Professor of History Abstract During the years between World War I and World War II, many within the Army Air Corps (AAC) aggressively sought an independent air arm and believed that strategic bombardment represented an opportunity to inflict severe and dramatic damages on the enemy while operating autonomously. In contrast, working in cooperation with ground forces, as tactical forces later did, was viewed as a subordinate role to the army‘s infantry and therefore upheld notions that the AAC was little more than an alternate means of delivering artillery. When President Franklin Delano Roosevelt called for a significantly expanded air arsenal and war plan in 1939, AAC strategists saw an opportunity to make an impression. Eager to exert their sovereignty, and sold on the efficacy of heavy bombers, AAC leaders answered the president‘s call with a strategic air doctrine and war plans built around the use of heavy bombers. The AAC, renamed the Army Air Forces (AAF) in 1941, eventually put the tactical squadrons into play in Europe, and thus tactical leaders spent 1943 and the beginning of 1944 preparing tactical air units for three missions: achieving and maintaining air superiority, isolating the battlefield, and providing air support for ground forces. -
PRIWES SUBJECT to CHANGE Reproduced by NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE US Department of Springfield, VA
NASA CR-114677 A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE APPLICABILITY OF NOISE ABATEMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES TO MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT N by Ou, w John A. Painter and James H. Shannon Distribution of this report is provided in the interest of information exchange. Responsibility for the contents a r, r resides in the author or organization that prepared it. H ,E r4i O E-4 -r December 1973 oo 0 E- On FINAL REPORT U ] E040Hu SPrepared under Contract No. NAS2-7586 by co 0 . S-U0 DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT COMPANY P~ E4 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION U4U 04 Long Beach, California 90801 SC4om 0 Se~,0for Ames Research Center NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PRIWES SUBJECT TO CHANGE Reproduced by NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE US Department of Springfield, VA. Commerce22151 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. NASA CR-114677 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date A study to determine the applicability of noise abatement December 1973 approach procedures to McDonnell Douglas Aircraft. 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. John A. Painter and James H. Shannon MDC J6220 10. Work Unit No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address Douglas Aircraft Company McDonnell Douglas Corporation 11. Contract or Grant No. Long Beach, California 90846 NAS 2-7586 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Contractor Report National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center 14.Sponsoring Agency Code Moffett Field, California 94035 15. Supplementary Notes Distribution of this report is provided in the interest of information exchange. -
Historical Perspective
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE / BOEING FRONTIERS BOEING FRONTIERS / HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Good ideas heeded How an open culture helped the DC-1 capture 90 percent of the world’s airplane market By Tim Sele his year marks the 75th anniversary of the first flight of Douglas Aircraft Company’s DC-1, and with it, a turning Tpoint in commercial passenger aerospace. In 1930, the skies were dominated by the Boeing Model 80, the Ford Trimotor, the Fokker F10A Trimotor and the Curtiss Condor. In March 1931, a Fokker F10A accident took the life of famed U.S. college football coach Knute Rockne. That incident prompted the U.S. Bureau of Air Commerce to put harsh restrictions on wood- framed airplanes, essentially eliminating them from service. In February 1933, Boeing’s revolutionary all-metal Model 247 took to the skies, followed in July by the DC-1. By 1938, only five Douglas was so captivated by the technical challenges that he years after the first flight of the DC-1, its production version (the didn’t put the letter down until 2 a.m. DC-2) and its first variant (the DC-3) carried 95 percent of all com- The next morning, Douglas gathered his team together to dis- mercial airline traffic in the U.S. By 1939, the DC-2 and DC-3 car- cuss the project. “Anytime any of you have suggestions, don’t ried 90 percent of airline traffic in the world. keep them on ice, or let them burn you up,” he said. “Tell me That success raises the question: In a market crowded with about them in your own words. -
SKYHAWK Mcdonnell Douglas A4
McDonnell Douglas A4 SKYHAWK Parkjet BETA Construction Guide By Craig Clarkstone © 2014 Craig Clarkstone. All rights reseved SkyHawk History Designers Notes The Douglas A-4 Skyhawk is a single seat subsonic carrier-capable attack This iconic aircraft is a favourite of many pilots and aircraft developed for the United States Navy and Marine Corps in the early enthusiasts alike. I designed it after a fellow RC pilot ‘Red 1950s. The delta winged, single turbojet engined Skyhawk was designed and produced by Douglas Aircraft Company, and later by McDonnell Douglas. Comet’ told me it was his favourite aircraft, and couldn’t find plans he liked. So I took up the challenge. The Skyhawk is a relatively lightweight aircraft and has a top speed of more than 670 miles per hour (1,080 km/h) and support a variety of missiles, bombs This design has been designed from the outset to have the and other munitions. It was capable of carrying a bomb load equivalent to that option of either 70mm EDF or Pusher prop powered. the of a World War II-era Boeing B-17 bomber rear fuselage is a little wider than the original aircraft for the purposes of ducting the EDF outlet. Skyhawks played key roles in the Vietnam War, the Yom Kippur War, and the Falklands War. Sixty years after the aircraft's first flight, some of the nearly 3,000 produced remain in service with several air arms around the world, If you enjoy this design please help me to fund my next project including from the Brazilian Navy's aircraft carrier, São Paulo. -
Warbirds Over the Beach Air Show Prepares for Takeoff Flying Proms Preview a Note from the Director
The Membership Newsletter for The Military Aviation Museum Spring 2018 INSIDE THIS IssUE: Warbirds Over the Beach Air Show Prepares for Takeoff Hurricane & One-Armed Man 2 History of the Hurricane 2 Zeppelin Ladder 3 Margaret Horton Story 3 Summer of Flight Schedule 4 Summer Camp Preview 5 Flying Proms Preview 5 RAF Centennial Celebration 6 Youth Unplugged 6 Military Aviation Museum www.MilitaryAviationMuseum.org Virginia Beach Airport An impressive line-up of fighter www.VBairport.com and bomber aircraft headlines the upcoming annual Warbirds Over Fighter Factory the Beach Air Show, May 18 -20th at www.FighterFactory.com the Virginia Beach Airport. Hosted Warbirds Over the Beach by Military Aviation Museum, the www.VBairshow.com air show highlights World War II aircraft. The museum is home to one of the largest private collections of World War II military aircraft, each perfectly restored and in pristine flying condition. These planes will be in the air throughout the weekend, especially on Saturday and Flying Proms Preview A Note from the Director: Sunday afternoons. In addition, many exhibitors will display their craft from personal collections around America. A live swing band and many other period performers will provide musical entertainment while guests get an up-close look at these vintage aircraft. Visitors will also meet distinguished World War II veterans and talk with them about their personal The Military Aviation Museum is more than wartime experiences. Re-enactors portraying World just airplanes and hangars. We strive to tell the War II troops from Allied and friendly Axis countries stories that surround these planes. -
03/18/89 Evergreen International Airlines
NextPage LivePublish Page 1 of 1 03/18/89 Evergreen International Airlines http://hfskyway.faa.gov/NTSB/lpext.dll/NTSB/1005?f=templates&fn=document-frame.... 2/6/2005 NextPage LivePublish Page 1 of 1 Official Accident Report Index Page Report Number NTSB/AAR-90/02 Access Number PB90-910402 Report Title Evergreen International Airlines, McDonnell Douglas DC-9-33F, N931F, Saginaw, Texas, March 18, 1989 Report Date April 23, 1990 Organization Name National Transportation Safety Board Office of Aviation Safety Washington, D.C. 20594 WUN 5094A Sponsor Name NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD Washington, D.C. 20594 Report Type Aircraft Accident Report March 18, 1989 Distribution Status This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 Report Class UNCLASSIFIED Pg Class UNCLASSIFIED Pages 85 Abstract This report explains the crash of an Evergreen International Airlines McDonnell Douglas DC-09-33F, N931F, in Saginaw, Texas, on March 18, 1989. The safety issues discussed in the report include the cargo door closing procedures on DC-9 airplanes; the external cargo door markings on DC-9 airplanes; the door warning switch electrical wiring on DC-9 airplanes; and the actions of the carrier and the Federal Aviation Administration concerning these issues preceding the accident. Recommendations addressing these issues were made to the Federal Aviation Administration. http://hfskyway.faa.gov/NTSB/lpext.dll/NTSB/1005/1006?f=templates&fn=document-fr... 2/6/2005 NextPage LivePublish Page 1 of 2 Facts of the Accident Accident NTSB ID 90-02 Airline Evergreen International Airlines Model aircraft DC-9-33F, N931F Year shipped 1968 Aircraft manufacturer McDonnell Douglas Engine manuafacturer Pratt & Whitney Date 03/18/89 Time 0215 Location Saginaw, Texas Country USA IFR or VFR? IFR Fatalities 2 Fire during flight? N Fire on the ground? Y Probable cause Loss of control of the airplane for undetermined reasons following the inflight opening of the improperly latched cargo door.