The HospitalFeb. 25, 1893. Extra Supplement* Wt&pital" fluvsmtj Mtvvov* Being thh Extra Nursing Supplement of "The Hospital" Newspaper.

[Contributions for this Supplement should be addressed to the Editor, Thb Hospital, 140, Strand, London, W.O., and should hate tho wscC " Nursing:" plainly written in left-hand top corner of the envelope.]

IRews front tfce TRursfng Morio. ROYALTY AT PORTSMOUTH. BRAVE NURSES. The annual meeting of the Portsmouth Association The wooden building which served as an infectious at Kidderminster was burned for Nursing the Sick Poor was held on February 14th, hospital down the other One little child's life was but and was honoured by tbe presence of their Royal day. sacrificed, all the Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Connaught. The other patients were saved,mainly by the presence of mind of the with her nurses, did brave on. Duke moved a resolution commending the association, Matron, who, work 'which is affiliated with the Q.V.J.I., to the sympathy the occasion. At St. Luke's Hospital, New York, a was averted the common of the people of Portsmouth. The resolution was catastrophe recently by sense seconded by Admiral the Earl of Clanwilliam. The of two nurses. They found a large Christmas tree had Mayor presided at the meeting, which was well attended, caught fire, and they quietly closed all doors of commu- ?^or thus the inmates of the wards some years previous to the instituting of Queen's nication, preventing Nurses the work of attending on the sick poor of from knowing of the accident, and by enveloping the Portsmouth in their own homes, was managed by Miss blazing tree rapidly in blankets they controlled the Day and Miss Lawder, who have now taken up other flames until the hose was unrolled by the men of the Work in which they will doubtless be equally successful. establishment and brought swiftly to the spot. AT EASTVILLE. A PLEA FOR THE DOLLS. STAGNATION The The two lady guardians on the Barton Regis Board . Nurse Dolls whose travels have been reported 111 have so far failed in their praiseworthy efforts to The Hospital from time to time, Lave recently obtain trained night nurses for the sick poor at received an invitation to make their appearance in Eastville Workhouse. Mr. Palmer and Mr. Cunning- Public again. This time are asked to assist at a they ham moved and seconded the of the oazaar, and to lend their aid in the adoption report passive increasing which "recommended that in face of the evidence unds needed for the establishment of a cottage given at the meeting of the committee, no such nurses ospital. The dolls do not appear unwilling to go, aud should be appointed," says the Bristol Mercury. Miss doubtless even feel flattered at the prospect of Woollam, who explained so well at the previous meeting serving a good object; but the Editor considers em the absolute need for proper night attendants, begged quite unfit to pay a country visit at that at least in the women's wards two nurses should present. inhabit cases fitted with They glass doors, " u be She believed the sick were in a worse -Loudon smuts and London dust have granted. penetrated, first visited the house, for a each condition than when she month has added a deeper shade to our poor * We then extreme cases were sent into the lunatic ward nurses' garments. In fact, to use the of plainest because there was a night nurse there." This ia a nglish words, the dolls are ! form a dirty They large revelation indeed of what the inmates of some in- as many our readers know, and the 0j .' groups firmaries have to put up with. Our correspondent uniforms are of seems a considerable interest, and it us of extra for great from East Dulwich tells help granted pity the little creatures should be we permanently bad cases in that beautiful infirmary, and hope the ? work." and needles and other such Soap water, thread, same assertion can safely be made regarding and a little would soon restore their a ^uity patience, institutions. Anything more terrible than for person a^tractions. "Will our readers volunteer to in help dangerously ill to be relegated to the companion- his piece of work ? If several of friends parties ship of lunatics merely to ensure the unfortunate eack to renovate a certain number of has seldom the arrange patient getting some night attendance been we should soon be in a to 1 e,^0^8' position again reported. As the opposition to the proposed amend- collection to further charitable oV worthy ment of the two excellent lady guardians has now j of can be sent "!5C^8, Suggestions and offers help proved, the male members of the Barton Regis Board The Porchester ditor, Lodge, Square. are determined that their sick and suffering brethren the A must in future be left entirely at mercy of "a, PROMISING ASSOCIATION. " deputy attendant?one of the paupers," who slept in The Seaham Harbour Association, which as Nursing the ward." Next time one of the gentlemen guardians first started the and of Lord d by energy generosity is the victim of a serious illness it will be a matter of its value Lady Londonderry, is already making to learn whether he is ? interest willing to have a Nurse Hicks has been for the current public engaged installed as his sole attendant ear, a month's both need sleeping pauper during probation having proved " and the long night watches. Charles Kingsley's Madana appreciation of her services. During those four " Bedonebyasyoudid would shed alight on this 8^G vi8ite^ 68 and the council to question. su l patients, hope nt ^er of food INTERESTING AND INSTRUCTIVE. and ministrations by gifts nourishing jf clothing, &c. Some of the members of tbe The Scotch Girls' Friendly Society at Boddam have Council are workmen, and the entire recently had some capital class instruction on " Home oXecutiveganisation appears to be of a most practical character. Nursing, and the Treatment of Common Accidents ani clviii THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. Feb. 25,1893.

Sudden Illness." Dr. Carmichael gave the lectures* ?The reduction of the working day to twelve hours and Lis tenth, and last address was open to all girls and (from six in the morning till six at night) with one hour ladie3in the district. The subject of it, " The Manage- for recreation; that vacancies in the hospital shall be ment of Infants and the Nursing of Sick Children," is made known at a central office, such as the Syndicate ; assuredly one -which cannot be sufficiently impressed on that the dormitory system shall be abolished and the mothers of the future. Many lives would be saved, separate bed-rooms provided for the nurses ; that cer- nurses shall not and many delicate children would become strong ones, if tificated attendants and be dismissed domestic and personal hygiene formed part of every without serious cause, and then only after report to woman's education. the Director of the Assistance Publique; also that cer- have served in the KINDLY ENCOURAGEMENT. tificated attendants who already shall be chosen for in One of the pleasantest sentences in the Bishop of hospitals night duty preference to the clothes and of Derry's speech at the meeting of the Londonderry inexperienced persons; papers the attendants shall be on their District Nursing Society referred to the individual inspected only leaving the food shall be better and work of the nurses. His Lordship said that the public hospital; prepared, " to in food from outside; scholar- was able to do very little in return for what the nurses liberty given bring reserved to the Schools of Attendants and Nurses do so well," and as he appealed for subscriptions to in- ships shall be drawn lot those admitted. crease the work, he made plain to his hearers that dona- annually by amongst it is recommended that attendants and nurses tions of money were small matters in comparison with Finally, shall be from and their the personal service of true nurses. The workers at prohibited receiving gratuities, salaries shall be increased. Londonderry are to be congratulated on the hearty appreciation shown to their labours. SHORT ITEMS. The nurses at St. in the East MODERN METHODS. George's Infirmary spent a very on the 8th inst. They Theee is an interesting article in the Morning Post, pleasant evening first of all performed some tableaux vivants, which Allahabad, on progress in India. Speaking of nursing had with the kind assistance of the the hospitals at Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Lahore, they arranged Matron ; a musical entertainment and two clever reci- Poona, &c., where large staffs of trained nurses are tations and a little dance con- established at the writer draws a followed, impromptu present, comparison " " cluded a most successful social evening."?The between modern times and the days when medical par- tially blind girl to whom Mrs. Creighton Hall gave free apprentices were required to do special duty in the instruction in massage last year, is now earning a com- wards of the big hospitals, such duty consisting in fortable livelihood. Before taking up massage she tending generally to the sick. In hospitals having no was on the small sums which she obtained by medical apprentices attached to them, patients were dependent a charitable Now left to the tendtr care of native 'ward-boys.'" It is knitting, supplemented by grant. the young woman has achieved independence, and has easy to see that the medical 'prentices reaped sub- been as a masseuse in U.C. Hos- from thus recently employed stantial advantages experience gained, but " pital.?Nurse Weedon has received Lewis's Theory the new order of is much more probably things agree- and Practice of Nursing" as her prize for Our Ex- able to the sick people. amination for February.?The Chertsey Board of AMERICAN NURSES. Guardians have agreed to appoint a night nurse at the Infirmary.?At the Grahamstown Asylum In the Trained Nurse for February, Miss Helen systematic teaching of the nurses and attendants has been com- some hints on diet under the Manning gives capital menced by Mr. Greenlees,whose introductory lecture was heading "Hygiene for Nurses." At the Rochester, an admirable one.?Miss Foisyth has received the badge U.S.A., Homoeopathic Hospital Training School, the of the Q.Y.J.I, at Arbroath, where she has already for the candidates is increased from won golden opinions by her excellent work ?The term of probation " " the Morrison Prizes For Meritorious Attendance on the one month to three. The longer period," says '' Insane have this year be^n awarded at Edinburgh to Trained Nurses "makingitmore certain that the applicant Thomas of and Isabella " Cowan, Sterling Asylum, is qualified for the work she undertakes in this, the Brander, of Edinburgh. has set an which other Homoeopathic Hospital example "THE HOSPITAL" ENDOWED BED. institutions would do well to follow. At Rochester, Subscriptions for the Nurses' Bed are now due. the authorities of the School are U.S.A., Training All contributions sent to the Editor, The Lodge, Por- anxious to have a proper Nurses' Home, and doubtless chester Square, will appear in The Hospital. ?l will soon secure one, now that it is an acknowledged they acknowledged last week from A. B. should have been necessity. The Training School was founded twelve ?1 Is. "We have since received : 2.s. from G. R. Jenkins, years ago, and the nursiug'staff has been increased from ?1 Is. from Sister Lund, making total amount up to 12 to 33 members. In the course of a probationer's date ?1116s. A NURSE. two years' training, she works in surgical, medical, DISABLED at to a maternity and children's wards, diet kitchen, night It is not possible present contemplate change of scene for the Disabled Nurse, as she is unable to bear duty, private cases,out-patients, and district nursing, We therefore to reserve to which sounds a long list indeed when we add to it any fatigue. propose ?2, later theoretical instruction, lectures, and examinations. be used for this purpose on, making a weekly allowance of ten shillings to the invalid as as the PROPOSALS IN PARIS. long donatione of it. We have this week received The of Attendants and Nurses permit Syndicate Infirmary 2s. 6d. from Jane Gerrard, 10s. from Two Friends, and at Paris is anxious to bring about several reforms 4e. 6d. collected by Nurse Eleanor, a total of which making appear greatly needed. The Municipal Council ?10 5s. 6d. Up to present date 27s. 6d. has been handed >. as received a petition on the following details, namely to Disabled Nurse, leaving balance of ?8 18s. Feb. 25, 1893. THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. clix

flDanagement of Consumption. the blood in his lungs, and there is less likelihood of its accumulating in such large quantities as to cause choking. III.?HAEMOPTYSIS. As soon as the first sharp attack is passed he must lie down Haemoptysis, or spitting of blood from the lungs or air upon his back with the head and Bhoulders slightly raised by passages, may be due to a variety of morbid processes going means of a soft pillow. The bed on which he rests should be in the respiratory organs or their appendages. It is firm and hard, and, if possible, made of horsehair. The always to be viewed with apprehension. Though almost covering should be light, and consist of no more than a sheet is and a blanket. There should every disease with which the lung may become affected be no fire in the room, the attended with haemoptysis of [trifling or considerable amount, windows should be slightly open, and the temperature of the yet by far the most common cause of this event is tubercular room may vary from 55? to 58<*. As the attack disease of the lung. A patient affected with tubercular passes off the temperature can be raise! to 60?, and Phthisis scarcely ever goes through his disease without another blanket may be allowed if the patient feels cold. having hemoptysis at some period of its course. So much When once the patient is in bed it is essential to his re- 18 this the case that it has been estimated that between covery to lie perfectly still; all unnecessary movement must SO acd 90 percent, of all the cases of phthisis have this com- be prohibited, and absolutely no talking allowed. In the plication. The amount brought up may be so small as only weak state in which the hemoptysis has left the patient, to streak the phlegm with which it is mixed, or so large the slightest excitement, even going to the side of his bed, that it may be measured by the pint or quart. Sometimes will increase the pulse rate and render him liable to another the result of such a profuse bsemoptysis may be death at attack. So the nurse should perform her duties quietly and 0nce from choking, but this termination is'rare ; in the large with as little inconvenience to the patient as possible. All Majority of cases the patient recovers from his attack, and attempts at thoroughly washing him must be abandoned, and when he is blanched and has apparently lost far more blood on no account should his clothing be changed for the first than is compatible with life, the bleeding stops, and he slowly few days. Many people are naturally upset and horrified at ^covers strength again. The way in which an attack of the sight of blood, and in nursing a case of hemoptysis it is 3em?ptysis comes on varies ; the patient may be lying In bed well to remember this, and to cover up any spots on the ??r walking about, or he may have been doing something re- sheet or nightdress with a clean white cloth. quiring more physical exertion than he was fit for ; he feels Next to to these small the of the a attending points feeding tickling sensation in his throat, begins to cough, and is patient should occupy the nurse's attention. The object in aatonished and alarmed to[find that each cough brings up a view is to give suitable food in such quantities as is Mouthful on of bright red frothy blood. This may go to necessary to keep the patient alive. He dees not require an ?^ch extent that the blood pours from his nose and mouth ; much nourishment for the first few days, and the reason is s anxiety and agitation become extreme, the pulse becomes this, he has swallowed a considerable amount of blood, ^Ic*. &nd a cold sweat breaks out on the forehead. Then, and that is one of the most nou ishing foods he can well being well, the bleeding stops ; but for days afterwards have. Indeed, for the first day or two after an attack he ^ 6 patient a con- is in weak condition, the expectoration may be said to be living on his own blood. The patient ues Btained with blood, and the temperature is raised to a should be put on a mild unstimulating diet. All that he has * goer level than it was before the attack. Sometimes the Bhould be quite cold. He may be allowed small pieces of ice nisis which had before been quiescent is lighted up as it to suck, but not too much of this, because it is little better by the blood spitting and progresses at a great rate, in than giving him large quantities of water to drink, whereas ^ereer cases no appreciable harm has been done. he Bhould be limited to a pinb of liquid in the day at first, "bercular phthisis ia a disease iD which, by means of a gradually increased to two pints. For the first two or three _Pecific organism?thejtubercle bacillus?tubercles are setup the diet should consist of iced milk and beef tea jelly, e days a never lungs. These tubercles after invading the lung tissue cr Valentine's meat essence. And it should be rale, ^?wn? destruction of of the to be that the be not allowed to have The caU6ing portions lung, departed from, patient ?* ^e blood vessels in the become the has been free from in f04'3 lung similarly solid and hot food until expectoration o ved and the is weakened, and under efforts, such as coughing, blood for one week. It is a useful plan when patient y to their weakened a to of salt into his beef i rt>pture, or,i owing condition, convalescing put large quantities tea, with it lng at some of the as he has lost a of blood, and important an(j takeslplace particular part vessel, large quantity minute of the tissues so aneurism or swelling is formed, which is very salts which enter into the composition ; by liahl*e Sive This a rottenness of this is As the improves ^ way. explanation, pul- doing deficiency supplied. patient the effects of accounts he and take more nourishing food; *?r VeS8e^s*Produced by tubercle, in strength may get up 6 one can be th^ ?* caBes ?f In some few cases con- he even be some alcohol if quite sure Se t* maj?rity bsemoptysis. may given lon ?* a Pa*t of the is to it about. In that the has ceased for some time. Of course, alcohol a j lung enough bring bleeding PaPer stress waB laid the of at other time is a w fIne.r upon importance keeping any injurious. ln which with are from these means the treatment of haemoptysis is in the main to if people phthisis living becoming By ?^? a limit somewhere between 58? and 62? being chosen carried out. No mention has been made of drugs for two 6 ^roPer with a view to the reasons are of doubtful value ; and, for of h temperature, and, prevention ; first, they secondly, ?mopty sis, this rule of keeping the ward cool is particularly the nurse it is most important to know and carry out the above thT*7' ?De fre1uently observes that in wards kept too instructions. It may be mentioned though that one generally tr? not only often occurs, but is extremely in the treatment of haemoptysis, has in view two ends ; first, and difficult to whereas in wards to and quiet the heart; secondly, to make an at- c 0 treat, kept allay anxiety ^hlescmesuch an occurrence is rare, and when it does happen, tempt to atop the blood spitting. For the first condition --ts little tendency to be lasting, and often easily sue- morphia and digitalis are generally prescribed ; and for the 111 8 , to treatment. How much success will attend the second, some of the so called haemostatics are given, such as deeatr"ent of a given case of bsemoptysis will very much ergot tannic or gallio acid, acetate of lead, or hamamelie. . uP?n the amount the case has The bowels should be re of judicious nursing always kept relaxed, and this is best When a he doses patient is seized with haemoptysis done by appropriate of sulphate of magnesia. At a later 8h:r-.^ DOfc already in bed? at once be Placed there, period one generally has recourse to hsmatinic, medicine of and"1 he be allowed iron is the to * bringing UP blood may which most useful. BitTUP in bed so rid of ; by doing he can more readily get (To be continued.) clx THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. Feb. 25,1893.

Croupous pneumonia. as has been elsewhere stated in explanation, but rather tuned to a higher key, and thus fitted to control the increased Paper read before the Nurses' Journal Olub01ub at the TrainingTr School for Nurses ofjf the Johns Hopkins Hospital, April,Apri 1892. absorption of oxygen and increased combustion. Then, to review briefly, we see the bacteria enter the lungs (Concluded from page cliii.^ and begin forming their poison, the pneumotoxine. Tho blood serum attacks the baoteria, and has power to harm But how do the know that are needed ? leucocytes they some, at least, of them enough to set free the myco-protein On this question, full of mystery, the new learning throws from their bodies. The myco-protein attracts the leucocytes, It is found that when bacterial cells are broken light. living they assemble in the lungs, form a consolidation, and eat up as down or acted in the of dissolution injuriously upon, process fast it is possible, th 3 bacteria. chemicarsubstance is set free from their which protoplasm, Finally, by intricate steps, the antidote against the as of the thejpower attracting leucocytes. pneumotoxine appears in the blood and the victory is with Thisisubstance is a proteid called myco-protein, or in this it. instance It has been isolated and pneumo-bacterio-protein. Immunity after one attack is not conferred in pneumonia* studied. It has definite chemical it is properties ; slightly On the contrary, the lungs, weakened by having been th? it has no curative power; it does not confer poisonous; scene of this fierce struggle for supremacy, are more liable to it excites the of the and immunity; emigration leucocytes yield to subsequent invasions. fever. produces The antidotal substance is produced only in small amounts The body tissues also under like conditions evolve similar and for a short time, bub the work of the future will aim at substances. are done with for Experiments turpentine, the production and management of the anti-pneumotoxine in instance, by injecting it into the tissues, when a genuine such form and quantity as to be an ever ready weapon at? the so-oalled is suppuration, aseptic suppuration, produced, hand for our defenoe. the white blood corpuscles drawn to the the being spot by Nor is this an impossible goal; the way is open, and the called here which result from substances, alkali-albumins, outlook[is bright. cell degeneration. These wonderful proteids are called positive chemotactic substances. The word chemataxis is quite new. It i? not in the IRurses dictionaries, and its meaning must be inferred. From its (Birl again. context in Dr. Welch's lectures it might be translated as the law of attraction between a certain kind of chemical substance This subject seetrs to have roused general interest, for letters and cells. The is for living subject absorbingly interesting, dealing with its different aspects continue to find their way bears on " " it directly the poisons and counter-poisons of bac- to the office. A correspondent signing herself Mater writes terial diseases. Substances which attract cells are positively at some length, but is evidently unacquainted with hospital and those which them are " chemotactic, repel negatively regulations as to age, or she would hardly assert It is per- as these chemotactic regards cells. fectly true that the great majority of nurses who crowd our In the that we are it is the blood pneumonia considering hospitals and nursing institutions are immature. They are serum that and breaks down the bacterial are at degenerates cells, girls who playing nursing." Now although we may a blow and sets free the myco-protein, crashing to the meet with such occasionally, they are certainly exceptions. now attenuated the action bacteria, for their bodies by of the Most readers of The Hospital are aware that the beet train- are eaten the serum, diligently up by leucocytes. ing schools refuse probationers under twenty-five. Nurses are Under the white blood cells were microscope large shown, therefore now usually twenty-seven, and more often twenty- in their own substance numerous enclosing bacteria, nine or thirty years of age before they rank as fully trained and dead. " " degenerate, dying, nurses. Mater quotes the unfortunate experience of a But the final contest is in the and there the " waged blood, friend who telegraphed to town, a short time since, for two true climax is soon to be reached. a series of There, by nurses for a case of illness in her family. Two ycung ones and wonderful chemical an ? complex changes, appears finally arrived, and my friend described them as simply atrocious.' new that was not there before?called entirely substance?one In another case, the nurse sent for did not even know how " and this is an antidote to the anti-pneumotoxine," pneumo- to measure out the medicine, and was so ignorant, yet self- toxine. The of the with the antidote results meeting poison complacent withal, that she was sent off the next day. Indeed, in the annihilation of the and is what former, signalised by cases of glaring inefficiency of the young nurses who are forcing we know as the crisis. themselves upon us and pushing out experienced private nurae9 The is the crisis, then, simply reaction of the system after by force or numbers are daily apparent." The writer forgets strenuous and after a effort, it, though only for short time that the remedy for this lies in her own hands. When apply- after in human the beings, anti-pneumotoxine may be found ing for nurses she should stipulate for fully trained ones of a in the blood. It is obtained in experimentally laboratory stated age. To call anyone a nurse who does not know how to work in a of fairly complete degree purity, and its power measure medicine, is obviously absurd, and an employer should as an antidote strikingly demonstrated in work with complain to the institution which supplied her. Again, nurses animals. work also a Experimental gives pretty explana- "forcing themselves upon us" is hardly a possible contin- tion of the marked chill and fever that to high belong gency. No one is obliged to take any attendant. Surely pneumonia. persons who prefer elderly private nurses can continue to is for the successful " " High temperature necessary production employ them, leaving the younger certificated women for of the antidote. Without heat it cannot be a formed, and those whose ohoioe lies in that direction. The really good chill is one of Nature's of a rise of " " ways securing temperature. experienced nurse is not likely to be pushed out of the Active muscular contractions also produce heat; so that in which Bhe has influx of the position gained, by any younger chill we see the vasomotor the contraction of the spasm, women, and we venture to think that there is still room for surface vessels (with of blood in the in- a consequent massing both classes of nurses in profession which is daily increasing ternal and the violent organs), shivering, all acting in When infirmaries and other institutions follow to importance. energetically get up steam, as it were, to stimulate the of the o? nervous the example metropolitan hospitals we shall hear system to a tremendous The " " effort. theory given more of nurses but of the best ewg t at the girl only young women in heat centres are not regulating unbalanced, working years of their lives. Feu. 25,1893. THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. clxi

will certainly be much appreciated by the responsible heads 3nternattonal IRurstno CortGre?6. of the principal nurse training schools and hospitals in Great Britain and Ireland. Mrs. Bedford Fenwick's Position. The Position in America. With reference to the information regarding this Congress, The Chairman of the Section on Hospital*, &c., wrote in which appeared in these columnB on December 3rd, 1892, reply as follows, from Washington, D. C., February 8th, January 28th, and February 11th, 1893, we understand that 1893:? Mrs. Bedford Fenwick when in America suggested a Nursing Sir,?Your communication of January 26th, with enclosures, Congress, and that it ia probable that she intimated her is received. I cannob speak positively as to what may have occurred to of the willingness to act as chairwoman of the British Seotion when prior my acceptance position as Chairman of the Section of the International of Charities she talked the matter over with Mrs. Flower. When, how- Congress which relates to the hospital care of the sick, ler, the came to be discussed those training question formally by schools, dispensaries, and first aid. I believe, however, that responsible for the arrangements, it was determined to Mrs. Fenwick, when in Chicago in October last, suggested organize the Congress as originally formulated by the Inter- the formation of an International Nursing Congress and at to national Congress of Charities, Correction, and Philanthropy that time was asked by Mrs. Flower be Chairman of the at British Section, but later on, after discussion, it was decided their meeting n July, 1892. It appears that probably the General Committee that a separate Nursing Mrs. Flower did not Mrs. Fenwick of and so Mrs by Congress notify this, was not expedient, but that it should form a sub-division Bedford Fenwick might have some grounds for saying that under the general control of the Section on Hospitals, &c. she has been badly treated, but in any case she has assumed When I accepted the position as Chairman of the Section, it was with the distinct that Dr. of ^ore than she had any right to do. The following corre- understanding Hurd, the Johns should be appointed secretary, spondence may prove interesting to many readers. Hopkins Hospital, and Miss Hampton, chairman of the sub-section relating to The Position in England. Nurses, and that we Bhould proceed to organise the work, a issue untrammelled On 26th we wrote to the Chairman of the Con- prepare programme, invitations, &c., by January that have been said or done to our gress at as follows :? anything might prior Washington, appointment (which conditions were accepted by the General The Editor of The Hospital his to presents complimenta Committee), and this we have proceeded to do. Neither Chairman the International rvf- Nursing Congress, Miss Hampton nor myself have requested Mrs. Bedford Fen- and to enclose :? Chicago, begs wick (nor anyone else) or otherwise, to act as 1. officially A letter of the 13th inst. addrested by Mrs. Bedford Chairwomanjof the British Section of the Nursing Conference; Fenwick to some matrons and others in charge of we know nothing of any such office. I am confident, also, hospitals and nursing institutions in this country. that since the organisation of the Section, Mrs. J. M. Flower Extract from a paper read before the Royal British has made no such request or nomination. Nurses' Association on the 20th inst. by Mrs. Bedford Invitations have been sent to each training school of whose Fenwick. existence we know?to send delegates, to present papers, and ?* a ^e^ter fr?m Miss dated are TK Lankester, 17th inst. take part in the discussions. All to be treated exactly Chairman will perceive that in MrB. Bedford Fenwick's alike, and as independent organizations. We are aware that *?tb *nE|t* *t *s stated sbe "has betn h u that requested there are differences of opinion on various points among the Shi ^ower? the President of the Illinois Training authorities of English training schools, among English nurses, ?r ^urses and Chairwoman of the Women's Branch and nurses and of fV, among those interested in Buch schools and ; ?oc*al and Moral Reform to act as Chair- as of wn Congress, that to recognize any one person the representative of x^,?lan the British Section of the Nursing Congress, British nuraes or of British training schools would defeat one wiH be Lai bold at Chicago in June next;" that Misa of the main objects of the gathering. 8tatesthat "Mrs. Bedford Fenwick, the represen- We do not undertake to decide between the in con- tat?Ve parties on the Ladies' Committee of the British come and take in the R p Nursing troversy. We invite all to part in- tj, 'pi Commission, has been requested by Miss Hampton, discussion of matters relating to hospital and nursing 'rwoman of aside for to the Nursing Seotion of the United States, terests, and to put personal controversy entirely the British portion of the forthcoming Nursing this occasion. It is to be hoped that such a meeting on n0nr^anKe*n " ?reB8 Chicago ; and that Mrs. Bedford Fenwick, in neutral ground and a perfectly equal footing, may prove her " and Jo 8^ates : I have had the honour of being'requested be the first towards a better understanding, by rS* ij, step gect* ^ower aQd Miss Hampton to organise the British reconciliation of conflicting views and interests. in cr!?n' w^b the help of the Sub-Committee on Nursing, .nnocti?n with the I have rec Royal Commission, already tn ??Vj offers of more papers than, I fear, there will be time discuss." j?ver\>bofcE'0 Opinion, Thada?d to the Chairman as to the statements mad \?or telegraphed Lankester in to Mrs. Bedford A REASONABLE REQUEST, the c regard Fenwick, " ?* wbi?h the Chairman has contradicted by " Sister-in-Charge writes: Seeing appeals in your c&ble?rrTn^neSS* ask if will j- Chairman will that the divers and for various I venture to you be Cont a perceive paper things ?ry statements which have been made are calculated a for a small harmonium to o good enough to insert request difficulties and may, unless they are ofhcially at confireato or American organ for the little hospital Blaenavon, Mon- or r?futed, militate against the success of the Con/1116 mouth. There are beds for men, only accidents oreating endless confusion. Will the Chairman, eight being there/6006 ^ and we store, kindly cable replies to the following questions :? taken in. It is a wild mountainous district, get no * It Who originated the International Nursing Congress at kind visitors as other places of the kind do. is, therefore, Chicago ? very dull for the patients, who are quite uneducated, but very 2- Has Mrs. Bedford Fenwick (or anyone else) been fond of music, for which they often ask. I have read and requested or otherwise to act as Chairwoman The Hospital the six that I of officially valued during yearB have been the Bxitiah section of the which Nursing Congress a nurse. k0 at Chicago in June next ? 3 ? Has Mrs. J. M. Flower the power to nominate anyone as PROVINCIAL Chairwoman of the British section of the Nursing TRAINING. act in that A Liverpool Nurse ongres8, and has she requested anybody to writes: It is wearisome, to say in this ? the least of to hear some London rp, ^Pacity country it, trained nurses, working of further if a the The Hospital would be obliged in provincial hospital, continually boasting of their train- PhEditor C0Dld to the an offioial answir! .rman send, in addition cable, ing in the great City. I will admit that to all certainly many of exDlan writinS this letter, containing necessary the f-n 80 best hospitals are in LondoD, but st 11 there are WithrmV j?' that ifc may be published in The Hospital hospitals y' can do to and schools in the that removp ti, Allything that the Chairman training provinces could easily com- o Present state of and uncertainty pete with some of them. A misapprehension nurse, who has gone through a clxii THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. Feb. 25, 1893

at each seems course of training in a small London hospital, takes a post as often quite hot. Tea appears meal, and very until accustomed to if want nurse or sister in a calls herself a nasty you get it; you English provincial institution, for " tea you have to ask breakfast tea." London Trained to specially "English Nurse," and, quote Algernon Sidney's Americans eat butter with Ice cream is often " everything. a in her own words, Apes superiority which exists merely given instead of pudding, and iced water is poured out at conceit." Why, because they are London trained, do they every meal, and sometimes a glass of milk besides. There come and abuse our provincial schools ? are houses in New York where only nursea are taken ; they have to attend to their own rooms, except for a weekly is can YOUNG NURSES. cleaning. Travelling in America easy, you check your from the house you are at to the house you "NirasE C." writes : There seems to be a great discussion luggage through are going to. You receive a metal check, and the boxes are on about nurses. I began to train before going girl myself not given up until you produce it. A hand-bag that you can I was in a for children I have twenty, but hospital only. carry yourself is a necessity, as porters are scarce, and cabs since trained for adult work, I think it is the greatest charge exorbitantly. The "surface cars" (trams) run con- of 5 mistake for one to into a under stantly from all points at the uniform charge cents. any go hospital twenty-one. " " can a block one to the a a (2?d.), you go (from turning next) At that age a girl might enter hospital for children, and or you can go as far as the tram runs for 5 cents. The great deal of course, on the individual and on the depends, coinage is easy to learn, but deceiving, because 2 dols., for way in which she has been brought up. If a woman has to earn instance, looks so much less than 8s. Private nursing is her own living, it is rather long to wait until she is twenty- well paid ;7 ?20 (?4) a-week, and Americans are simply five, and she does not often care to try two professions. charming in their own homes. I was private nursing for over three and was treated with the utmost Many girls might safely enter at twenty-three, but a matron years, always more as a than a worker. I made should be allowed to use her own as to the kind of consideration, guest paid judgment many friends, and shall always feel that I owe to Americans she takes. Some think children's work a person people a great debt of gratitude for the kindness shown to a waste of time, but I consider it advantageous. I have had stranger. iThe doctors treat their nurses courteously, and are many over in adult wards that I thoughtful o r their comfort. An American doctor once said probationers twenty-five " to me, A ood nurse cannot be for, but a bad nurse is should be sorry to leave in charge of any patient, and have & paid dear at any I should advise a nurse going to take found many ones able to take full control. So many price." younger work in America to secure one or two introduc- enter hospitals without understanding what they under- up private fully tions to doctors. American nurses naturally do not welcome take, apart from possible to their constitution. I injury strangers in their midst, and it is difficult for a foreigner to love my work, and would not change for any other, but I make her way unaided. Sometimes two or three nurses club would never allow anyone, if I could, to go into a hospital at and take a small unfurnished fiat, it in turns the I and I more will to the together taking age entered, hope persons keep to at home and do the is srules the as to stay housekeeping. Washing adopted by leading hospitals age. frightfully dear. AMERICAN EXPERIENCES. " " A. E. I." writes : In answer to An Interested Nurse," IRo^al British nurses' association. I send a few details which may prove useful to her and to other readers of The Hospital In the first place, with re- A lecture on Cholera Nursing was given on the 17 th inst. gard to what to take. Boots and unclerlinen are cheaper by Miss Annesley Kenealy, a member of this association. and better in America than here ; but dressmaking, &c., is The chair was taken by Dr. Bedford Fenwick, and Dr. Gage very expensive over there, and gloves are a ruinous price. If Brown was also on the platform. Miss Kenealy paid a short a. nurse has the moral courage to stick to her uniform (in a visit to Hamburg during the epidemic of last year, and she country where uniforms of all kinds are looked on with dis- described the Eppendorf Hospital, to which she was tempo- favour, and almost as a badge of disgrace, or at least of in- rarily attached. There was no matron, the nursing being feriority), she will be wise, for it will save her endless ex- superintended by an elderly male inspector, and there were penses. There are no lodgings to be had in New 5Tork, and male attendants for the men. When patients suffered from I believe not in America. You must either board with a very severe bed sores they were slung in canvas hammocks family or take a room "for light housekeeping," which in a perpetual bath of warm running water. Their diet was means that the room will be furnished as a sitting-room, rather peculiar, consisting of black coffee, raw beef, veal, &c., with a folding bed to be put up in the day time. Beds but the patients seemed to do well on it. There was but little assume a variety of shapes in America during the day? discipline in the wards, and the nurses wore no caps, and were pianos, writing desks, bookshelves, and many others, both not particular about uniform. simple and complex. Rents are dear, a small bed-room costing S3 or twelve shillings a week, but food is When have a room for house- cheap. " you "light appointments. keeping it generally contains a large cupboard for dry stores. You procure an oil stove and make Miss M. E. Jones has been appointed Matron of the your morning coffee, which with new rolls and an egg Eastern Hospital (Metropolitan Asylums Board). Miss generally constitutes your breakfast. Mid-day dinner you Jones was trained at the Royal Southern Hospital, Liver- can get at a restaurant; there are a great variety of pool, was Matron of the Fever Hospital, Middlesborough, restaurants and you can have a good dinner from 25 cents and has held other appointments. upwards. If you order a steak you find bread and potatoes Miss Katherine Elphick has been appointed Lady North are included. Your evening meal you can arrange like your Superintendent and Matron of the London Consump- breakfast, and no one thinks of having more than three meals tion Hospital. Miss Elphick was trained at King's College a-day. You can board fairly well for six or seven dollars a- Hospital, was afterwards sister at the Children's Hospital, week (24 to 28 shillings.) I speak for those who simply want Pendlebury, and for the last eighteen months has held the respectable rooms and food, prices at fashionable boarding post of sister at the Children's Hospital, Great Ormond houses being enormously high. The meals in boarding Street. We wish Miss Elphick every success in her new houses are abundant but slightly monotonous. Steak is the work. American's great stand-by ; I have had steak for breakfast, Liverpool Royal Infirmary.?"We are glad to be able announce Miss Charlotte M. Bann was dinner, and supper, and you are sure to have it in a boarding to that appointed house fourteen times a-week. Breakfast consists of oatmeal, Lady Superintendent of this hospital on the 18th inst. No have been steak, fried or stewed potitos, and fruit. Dinner: steak, better appointment could made. Miss Bann has potatos, tomatoes, and perhaps two or three other vegetables; done most excellent work at the Bristol General Hospitalj and dessert in America nearly always meanB apple or having previously besn Matron of the Swansea General pumpkin pie made like enlarged mince pies, or some kind of Hospital, and subsequently of the General Hospital' pudding. Supper: chops, stewed fruit and cakes. The Birmingham. Miss Bann trained at the Manchester Roy?' variety from steak is hash, consisting of salt beef and potatoe Infirmary, and her record is uniformly good. We oongratu- tof5fther and is rather nice. In winter late the Committee upon the appointment they have made, 68 are as it is well calculated to promote and extend the usefulness j served with Byrup for break- flak instead;6 ic of of the oatmeal. All bread is served new, and and efficiency Liverpool Royal Infirmary. Feb. 25, 1893. THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT. clxiii

an Hmerican School. which cuts them off from their usual pleasures and employ- draining ments. Alone with their God they fight out the battle self and and as is with " against Satan, He who them ia The Public of on the Sixth their Ledger Philadelphia reporta mightier than enemies they conquer in the Btrife. Annual Graduating Exercises" of the Nurses' Training School of University Hospital, which took place last month. Diplomas were granted to fourteen young women, and Dr. iRotes anb Suedes. Billings remarked that the average figures of their examina- Queries. tion papers were decidedly better than last year. Of the (42) Patent Office.?Can any of your readers give me address of the thirty, one candidates who had been received on a month's Patent Office ??Videns. probation during the last twelvemonths eighteen were (43) Convalescent Home.?Can any reader tell me of a place (seaside or country) where a home for invalids, established by trained and accepted for training, and three junior and five senior nurses experienced nurses, would have fair prospect of success ??Nurse J. should he to hear of were discharged for various reasons. Requests for rules, (44) Physiology.?I glad one or two nurses who would join a class in this subject held by a competent la-Jy teacher.? &c., having come from 500 persons, 111 were finally chosen Nurse E. F. one tell me of a from which to select candidates for the (45) Bournemouth.?Oan any nursing institute fcr present year. private nurses at Bournemouth ??A Private Nurse. Twenty-four applications had been received from other (46) College Cap.?Oan any person wear a college cap without infring- the law ? and can be done to prevent those who are not for to fill various some of these ing nothing hospitals graduates posts, trained nurses from wearing uniform ??Mirfleld. being at a considerable distance from Philadelphia. The (47) 1 emperiture Charts.?Oan anyone tell me where to get tem- charts made up in books of 50 or 100 ??M. R. P. number of nurses on the at the perature average duty during year (48) Breakages?Is it usual for nurses to pay for breakages in a home when no was made to do so ?? N. If. University Hospital is given as thirty.five, including pro- nursinpr agreement (49) L.O.S.?I should be glad to know if I could read up by myEelf for bationers." the L.O.S.?Nurse Edith. Mr. Wood congratulated those graduates who received (50) Diphtheria.?In how many London hospitals, general and chil- dren's, is there an isolated ward for this disease ??E. diplomas on having been trained at an institution which is (51) Cottage Nursing.?A useful book on this subject required by considered one of the best in the country. Dr. John Ash- Nurse Eva. (52) Second-hand.?Oan you tell me where to obtain "Tanner's Index hurst made a good speech, comparing the romantic with the of Diseases" second-hand ??Nurse A. District inform me where a suitable Practical side of He gave the nurses some very (53) Nursing,?Could you kindly nursing. book for reporting the work of a district nurse oan be bought ? ?S. E. sound advice when he bid on into other them, going (54) Lancaster.?Oan you tell me of a uselul bcok on district nurs- hospitals, "to be slow to antagonise traditions they found ing ??W. " " there ; and, again, the duty of a nurse always is to be (55) Deaconesses.?Oan you tell me where I can 1cam particulars of Deaconess' Homes in ?? A. M. loyal to the physician to the beet of her ability." He England also urged his hearers neither to think too little of their Answers. Patent Office, 25, Build- nor to claim too a share of in con- (42) Office. (Ftden?).?Patent Southampton efforts, large credit, and, ings, W.O.; office fjr sale of forms. 38, Cursitor Street, E.O.; British elusion, "cot to be specialists, but to be able to nurse any and Colonial Patent Office, 151, Strand. c^se to which they were called." (43) Convalesc.nt Home (Nurse J.).?We shall be glad of suggestions on this subject from our readers. Some homes do not admit invalids who require trained nurses, and probably an opening could be easily found for a convalescent establishment conducted by experienced nurses. for to tbe (44) Physiology (Nurse E. P.).?Probably several ladies, not necessarily IReafctnc* nurses, would be glad to arrange for this. (45) Bournemouth (Private Nurse).?Vic'oria Home, Bournemouth. EXAMPLE. (45) College Cap (Mirfield).?We are not aware of any law existing in- It the first case. In the second, we wish that good taste is and when we are and prevented very cheering helpful despondent persons with no claim to the honourable title of nurse from affecting downhearted to think of one who has passed through similar the costume. England is a free country ! affliction with ourselves, and to note how hopefully he has (47) Temperature Charts (AT.E.P,).?Convenient books containing 50 charts are Son and 52, Beaumont Street, W. borne up his and and done published by Daniel, Co., against imperfections anxieties, three Price Is. book. Messrs. Allen and his work Each page takes weeks. per nobly in spite of bodily sufferings and trials. We Hanbury, Plough Court, Lombard-street, supply a book for 6d. con- Iong to be like him, but think it that we should aining 30 charts, fsnr weeks each. Wodderspoon and Co., 7, Serle Street, ever hopeless be Lincolns Inn, also supply charts. ? cheerful under his circumstances, much less under should our (48) Brealcagis imagine paying for breakages be own, until we can cause (N.W.).?Vfe It begin to think of what be the a matter of mutual when the nnrse is engaged. could ?u?h agreement and on ...... brightness contentment. hardly be insisted otherwise. _ , could study with this ?First of our (49) L.O.S. (Nurse Edith).?We think you all, there is the of Lord Himself, the who 5example object, but you would have also to secure practical experience. was a man of like as without passions ourselves, only The books yon ask about are "Manual Midwifery? by Oullingwortli, 1 f works. who bare in His own all the miseries and sins of Obstetric Hints for Midwives," and various other all body information on this and " will be done." (50) Diphtheria (E.).-To obtain acourate point, mankind, yet said, Father, Thy in Burdett s Ihen His you had better find all the metropolitan hospitals great comes to our minds, whose are with and apostlei Paul, Hospital Journal," unless you already acquainted them, and for require. endurance, efforts, labour, service, self-sacrifice apply to each for the information you ... almost second-hand medical God's cause has made his own name shine the faithful (62) Second-hand (Nurse A.).?At any among Holborn. followers of bookshop, or at Kimpton's, in , Christ. How is the tale of his suffer- can books at Lowe Ings grievous (53) District Nursing (S. E.).?You get B. 157, his life ! How we should ourselves were the . during long pity High Holborn. He supplies Q.V.J.I. . We in a book on District like He tells us he had been beaten five times (54) Lancaster (TF.).?Mrs. Dacre Craven's Nursing plight! find suitable. by the Jews and three times and been is probably one y on would three by rods, shipwrecked (55) Deaconesses (A. M.).?You will find addresses of nearly a dozen times; had been in of all kinds, both " Year which can buy for 9d. he perils among in The Women's Book," you heathen and hia own countrymen, while weariness, pains, Watchings, cold, and fill & hunger, thirst, fastings, nakedness^ list not matched. Yet, for all this, he rejoiced and easily Ibints to IRurseg. gloried in the infirmities which rendered him more meet or God's It was his wonderful faith and love which kingdom. Dr. R. Prosser White's "Combined Nursing supported him, and his unselfishness, hia God-given resolu- " Report tion to and Diet Table is likely to be useful to private and district spend and be for the of others that gave the spent good nurses. It is marked out in a clear, simple to key to his conduct. It is for ourselves to say how nearly fashion, easy We fill in, and satisfactory in every way. These may copy St. Paul. If we bear our sufferings In the " "report same papers can be procured from Benson and Co., 10, spirit and with the patience shown by him we may Darling, attain to a ton Street, Wigan. No price is given. like perfection with him. His own shortcomings before his conversion him a lesson after. J-he Apostle taught many had been a persecutor, so his own persecutions Drought home to him the harshness of his former conduct, Minor and appointments, rendered him and humble gentle. . . Many a Christian has been heartened to in the Miss Frances 1?ark.es has been train up join appointed Head Nurse at of those who " follow the Lamb whither soever He the been goeth City Asylum, Birmingham, having Deputy Head "?not to the stake or sword, to lay down their Nurse for eighteen months, and to that ves tor always previous Charge Nureo the but to bear without a lot for seven ears. Miss Parkes was faith, murmuring y trained at Oxford Asylum clxiv THE HOSPITAL NURSING SUPPLEMENT Feb. 25, 1893.

reveals a nature wrapt in heavenly contemplation. But here TIbe flDuses' Xooftfng tflass. is no saint's nature, shrinking from earthly contamination. This is the face of the brave woman who left the choirs of BURNE JONES AT THE NEW GALLERY- Paradise and penetrated into hell itself, that she might save Readers of Mr. Du Maurier's dream novel of last season will the soul of her lover. remember with what joy the'convict hero lay down after his The symbolic figure of Caritas folding her blue robe round the two babies in her arms, is full of a beautiful monotonous days of work and prepared to enter the dream nestling very four other little ones are clustered round her feet, one world to which he had obtained the clue. of the pity; Something playing hardily with her red saHh, while another is eating same assails the visitor to the New at feeling Gallery finding one of her golden fruits. Charity may well be joyful as she himself in these rooms, dedicated to Burne Jones his art. It feels the children's hands about her. Yet, if her face is is a dream world into which he has entered, but the dreams glowing, the eyes are filled with unshed tears. Like her we look the beautiful framework, and see the multitude are no common medley of thin shadows ; they are the visions beyond in our very midst of little sufferers, whom Charity's arm is of a a seer. is real in this not poetand Nothing quite world, too short to reach, her robe too scanty to embrace. oven the portraits with names attached. We are sure that Not all the women have the touch of care to which the Miss Margaret Burne Jones never sat "cutting bread and critics object. The very perfection of ripe and beautiful " butter in just that set of bones and flesh. Little Philip womanhood is seen in the Flamma Yestalis and Sibylla In some faces, on the Golden Stairs and in ?Comyna Carr never could have messed that grey pinafore and Delphica. too, The Mill, the far-Beeing look is lost for the moment in the been scolded for leaving his toys about with that very wistful of the present. It is in the love scenes that this seems to float on the gladness face, which surface of the canvas. We abstractedness is best studied. And here in one or two are quite confident that the artist had all to do with draping instances it is conspicuous to the young man's enough justify" those green ladies who sit by green water on green grass in a complaint in the Strand Magazine that a woman who takes an interest in outside herself becomes a green summer. This is a land of illusion and glamour, and things nuisance." We are induced to think, that these if the nineteenth century intrudes itself at all, it though, modestly worshipping knights were not conscious of this far-away takes a back seat and surrenders the honours to its far gleam in the eyes of their loves. We fancy that the lover who ancestors. rests his head so contentedly on the soft hair of that girl in And yet, whence do the women get that expression in their ?'Love among the Ruins," does not guess that while her arms are about her face is half turned in eyes? In every direction, from every canvas, these faces clinging him, away some dreamy realization of the mystery of desolation which compel, attention. "They are bored and weary of their " surrounds them both. the critic of the we do not want " lives," says Daily News, In the "Chant d'Amour both are the prey of the " figures our women to look like that." And thank goodness they slumbering Cupid concealed behind the instrument of music. don't," says critic No. 2; while critic No. 3 stands arguing But to the woman love is winged, and carries her out into that they have no expression at all. Critic No. 4, in the far realms of fancy ; for the man it means just that one woman singing her soul out before him. Speaker, is mainly irate because he cannot tell the water- " " So in the Lans Veneris all the five knights looking in colours from and critic No. 5 stands to a oils; declaiming at the window are distracted with love intheir different ways. " group of disciples in the large room, "If you want back- The women are evidently taking an interest in things out- grounds, here you are, don't you know." Leaving the side themselves"?.not, we regret to notice, exclusively backgrounds and the water-colour dispute alone, let us go knights. The moat remarkable example of all is King and back to the women's faces. It is given to very few men Cophetua the Beggar Maid. Here we have the King sitting his to ante-date themselves. Whether a man will nursing successfully crown in an attitude of wrapt adoration at the pearl he has or no, the seal of his own times is generally to be found im- rescued from the dung-hill. The contemplation of her rags pressed on his work. Mr. Burne Jones has painfully cut adds to his contented delight in the beauty which shines them and in his own a himself aloof from modern convention of conception, treat- through discernment. He has not himself and her. Bub she sits above him in and in his art. It is too thought beyond ment, colouring, technique hardly a her poor attire, queen in truth, but not of his making; much to that this collection no hint in any one acces- say gives accepting his homage with unconscious grace, and gazing sory of the century in which it was produced. And behold, the into the future with eyes which never even glance at the nineteenth century, baffled at all points, has taken a choice riches he is ready to pour out at her feet. So might Esther have sat when she linked her life to that of the heathen revenge. In the very secret place of the artist's soul, in the king with purpose to save her race. oyes of the race of women his genius has created, the spirit We have dwelt on this of the artist's work, per- of the is Not the restless critical male aspect age triumphant. haps, too exclusively. We conclude with some mention of spirit; that has no place here either in woman or man. The the picture where women figures claim no attention. It is " men, indeed, are mainly wrapt in contemplation of woman. the figure of a knight who forgave his enemy when he With one or two exceptions they are lost in dreams of love might have destroyed him, and how the image of Christ kissed him, in token that his acts had God." He is kneel- and look no further. But the women are all looking out of pleased ing bareheaded in a little woodland shrine to which access is themselves and and the of the invisible beyond, glory gained by a wooden stair and a latchet gate. Through the reflected outshines the of the seen upon them, glamour actual. open sides the figure of his squire is waiting with his They have tasted of the tree of knowledge, and their eyes master's horse in the field below. Beyond is a glimpse of a are opened to behold the nakedness of their fellows. These dark wood and the narrow path through which he has been to the shrine. The sun ia streaming from the left women have lived no happily shielded lives in ignorance of guided of the lighting up a distant glimpse of the sky and ill. A shadow of infinite not their rests on picture, sorrow, own, touching the knight's armour with bright points of light. It their there is and and faith brows; pity high resolve the rests, too, on the figure of the Christ, which stretches for- which yearns and conquers in their eyes. The lips have lost ward from the crucifix on the wall to embrace the knight. the tender lines of resignation which sadness brought to the It is a wooden figure, galvanized into a life miraculous, rather women of old whose lot was to sit still. The tenderness than strained or unnatural, and the_ hands rest lovingly, as lingers still round the firm full curves of mouth and chin, human hands might rest, on the knight's shoulders, and the in but it is the tenderness of power and purpose. They are of knight kneels motionless, resting the assured presence of one as one who has family, these women, gracious race with many his very Master, passed the bitberneas of points in common, and this double perception more than all death. For it is no light injury which has graven itself on cf the ideal and the real. And yet studied carefully each his face ; the enemy has done his work well; he has emptied one bears a the fierce the stamp of personality all her own. his life of all but thirst for vengeance, and the Here is Beatrioe, for instance, in soft red garment and white battle which ended in forgiveness has left the heart still sore a back from her down and But now he sees of the travails of his and f lng hair, passing soberly empty. soul, unconsci?us of the admiring women in the door- is satisfied. A glowing foreground of scarlet flowers sur- ay. ne pure, steadfast outline of the face seen in profile, rounds the shrine and completes the symbolism.