Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Di Kepulauan Togean Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

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Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Di Kepulauan Togean Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi pariwisata di Kepulauan Togean Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata di Kepulauan Togean Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Fitriah Badarab, Endah Trihayuningtyas, dan M. Liga Suryadana Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata NHI Bandung [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract— This research aims to know the menyulitkan atau bahkan merugikan strategy of development of Tourism Destinations in masyarakat. the Togian Islands, Regency Tojo Una-Una, Central Sulawesi Province. The island has become Dari sudut sosial, kegiatan pariwisata akan a major national tourist's destination in Indonesia memperluas kesempatan kerja baik dari between 50 regions in Indonesia. However, the kegiatan pembangunan sarana dan prasarana number of tourists visited the island were fluctuated maupun dari berbagai sektor usaha yang for the last three years. This research examined the langsung maupun yang tidak langsung tourism strategy formulation based on internal and berkaitan dengan kepariwisataan. Dari sudut external factor analysis at the destination. The ekonomi bahwa kegiatan pariwisata dapat research used some instruments to compile data, memberikan sumbangan terhadap penerimaan such as observation, interview, questionnaires, and daerah bersumber dari pajak, retribusi parkir dan documentation. The research result indicated that karcis atau dapat mendatangkan devisa dari there were several strategies that could be wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung. implemented in developing the Togian island. The strategies were as follows: 1) developing cultural Sejalan dengan kebijakan pengembangan and natural tours, such as bird watching, beach pariwisata secara nasional serta dengan activities and Bajeu village visits; 2) establishing memperhatikan potensi daya tarik wisata yang close relationship and cooperation between public dimiliki, maka sektor pariwisata di Sulawesi and private sectors; 3) attracting foreign investors; Tengah khususnya Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una, 4) building and maintaining the tourist facilities in Kepulauan Togean mendapatkan perhatian yang some strategic locations; 5) increasing community besar dari Pemerintah Daerah untuk dijadikan awareness for developing tourism; 6) developing sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata unggulan ethnic-based tour packages. Therefore, some yang memiliki daya tarik wisata sebagaimana recommendations for the destination are on yang diatur dalam PP No. 50 Tahun 2011 developing cultural, natural, and culinary tourism; tentang RIPPARNAS 2010-2025, menetapkan improving the public facilities; developing kepulauan Togean masuk dalam 50 destinasi accessibility; and strengthening cooperation among stakeholders. pariwisata nasional. Kepulauan Togean memiliki potensi wisata Keywords— strategy development; tourism alam terutama wisata bahari yang sangat destinations; togian islands; qualitative; internal; mempesona, seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa external; SWOT. atraksi wisata sangat mempengaruhi keputusan wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke Kepulauan I. PENDAHULUAN Togean dimana keindahan, keunikan suatu Pariwisata adalah salah satu dari objek wisata merupakan daya tarik wisata industri gaya baru, yang mampu menyediakan tersendiri dan dapat memberikan rasa nyaman, pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cepat dalam aman, kesenangan serta kepuasan pada hal kesempatan kerja, pendapatan, taraf hidup wisatawan yang berkunjung di Kepulauan dan dalam mengaktifkan sektor produksi lain di Togean. Berbagai aktivitas yang dapat dinikmati dalam negara penerima wisatawan (Wahab, oleh para wisatawan di Kepulauan Togean ini 2003: 5). Berkembangnya pariwisata di suatu adalah menyelam, selancar, memancing, daerah akan mendatangkan banyak manfaat bagi berenang, berjemur dan lain sebagainya. masyarakat, yakni secara ekonomis, sosial dan Kepulauan Togean merupakan salah satu bagian budaya. Namun, jika pengembangannya tidak ekosistem terumbu karang penting dari coral dipersiapkan dan dikelola dengan baik, justru triangle yang meliputi wilayah Indonesia, akan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan yang Philipina, Malaysia, Papua Nugini, Jepang dan Australia. Terumbu karang di Kepulauan Tourism and Hospitality Essentials (THE) Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2017 - 97 Fitriah Badarab, Endah Trihayuningtyas, dan M. Liga Suryadana Togean kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati laut Sektor pariwisata memerlukan suatu pola dengan 4 tipe terumbu karang : karang tepi perencanaan pengembangan destinasi wisata (fringing reef), karang penghalang (barrier yang tersusun agar potensi yang dimiliki oleh reef), karang tompok (patch reef), dan karang destinasi wisata dapat dengan optimal cincin (atoll) serta biota laut yang beragam dikembangkan. Untuk memajukan sektor menjadi potensi wisata bahari untuk menarik pariwisata suatu destinasi maka dibutuhkan perhatian para wisatawan baik domestik peran dari Pemerintah Daerah sebagai leading maupun mancanegara untuk berkunjung ke sector dalam menentukan perencanaan Kepulauan Togean sembari menikmati pembangunan dan pengembangan keindahan bawah laut dengan berbagai aktifitas kepariwisataan daerah. Dengan pemahaman yang ditawarkan. yang baik mengenai aspek lingkungan internal dan lingkungan eksternal di Kepulauan Togean Selain itu Masyarakat yang berada di yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, wilayah Kepulauan Togean bersifat terbuka, menganalisis serta menentukan strategi bersahabat dan tidak eksklusif, sehingga dapat pengembangan destinasi wisata yang menerima dan memiliki rasa kepedulian dibutuhkan untuk jangka waktu panjang. terhadap masyarakat pendatang di Kepulauan Strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam penelitian Togean dan dijumpai komunitas Togean, ini mengacu pada konsep Wheelen dan Hanger Babongko dan Bajau yang memiliki budaya, (2000:8) yang mengemukakan bahwa langkah- kearifan lokal dan adat istiadat yang masih langkah dalam proses strategi pengembangan terpelihara hingga saat ini. Akan tetapi, kearifan suatu destinasi diantaranya mengidentifikasikan lokal dan budaya belum menjadi daya tarik faktor-faktor lingkungan internal maupun wisata living culture yang diminati oleh eksternal, formulasi strategi, implementasi wisatawan. strategi dan evaluasi strategi. Ketersediaan amenitas yang terdapat di Manajemen strategis merupakan proses Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una khususnya di yang dinamik karena ia berlangsung secara terus Kepulauan Togean diantaranya akomodasi, menerus dalam suatu organisasi. Dimana yang rumah makan, money changer, biro perjalanan, dimaksud dengan manajemen strategis disini toko souvenir, pusat informasi dan fasilitas agar organisasi menjadi satuan yang mampu kenyamanan lainnya yang menjadi faktor menampilkan kinerja tinggi karena organisasi pendukung wisata (Cooper at all dalam Sunaryo, yang berhasil ialah organisasi yang tingkat 2013:150) akan tetapi beberapa komponen efektivitas dan produktivitasnya makin lama kapasitasnya belum memadai dalam membantu makin tinggi (Siagian, 2007:27) Selanjutnya pengembangan destinasi pariwisata di Djuaeny (2005:2) memberikan definisi Kepulauan Togean manajemen strategis sebagai berikut: Dari beberapa dan hambatan yang dihadapi 1. Manajemen strategis merupakan suatu terutama jika masyarakat lokal tidak proses untuk menempatkan posisi organisasi mendukung kegiatan kepariwisataan tersebut pada titik strategis agar perkembangannya maka disinilah pentingnya kesadaran serta senantiasa memperoleh regulasi dari pihak Pemerintah Daerah yang keuntungan/kemakmuran. melaksanakan pembangunan dan 2. Manajemen strategis merupakan upaya pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Tojo untuk mengintegrasikan antara perencanaan Una-Una khususnya di Kepuluan Togean. strategis dengan upaya meningkatkan Sektor pariwisata memerlukan suatu pola kualitas organisasi, efisiensi anggaran, perencanaan pengembangan destinasi wisata optimasi penggunaan sumber daya, evaluasi yang tersusun agar potensi yang dimiliki oleh program kinerja dan pelaporan. destinasi wisata dapat dengan optimal dikembangkan. Untuk memajukan sektor Proses manajemen strategis dapat pariwisata suatu destinasi maka dibutuhkan dideskritifkan sebagai sebuah pendekatan yang peran dari Pemerintah Daerah sebagai leading objektif, logis, dan sistematis untuk membuat sector dalam menentukan perencanaan keputusan-keputusan besar dalam organisasi. pembangunan dan pengembangan Manajemen strategis berusaha mengorganisasi kepariwisataan daerah. Dengan pemahaman informasi kualitatif dan kuantitatif sedemikian yang baik mengenai aspek lingkungan internal rupa sehingga memungkinkan diambilnya dan lingkungan eksternal di Kepulauan Togean keputusan yang efektif dalam kondisi yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, ketidakpastian yang melingkupnya. Dengan menganalisis serta menentukan strategi demikian manajemen strategis dapat pengembangan destinasi wisata yang didefinisikan sebegai berikut “Manajemen dibutuhkan untuk jangka waktu panjang. strategis ialah proses mengelola strategi yang terdiri dari tahapan rumusan, implementasi, Tourism and Hospitality Essentials (THE) Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2017 - 98 Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi pariwisata di Kepulauan Togean Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah evaluasi/pengendalian, perbaikan strategi, maupun diarahkan untuk mengunjungi tempat dengan tujuan agar strategi dapat tersebut. Hal terpenting dalam suatu destinasi diimplementasikan sehingga mewarnai dan harus memiliki suatu atraksi atau daya tarik mengintegrasikan semua keputusan dan yang dapat menarik perhatian wisatawan, baik tindakan dalam organisasi”. Perumusan strategi secara psikologi maupun nyata
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