• Abstract and Figures
• Public Full-text

INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMi films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. in the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Beyond Data Protection: Applying Mead’s Symbolic Interactionism and Habermas’s Communicative Action to Westin’s Theory of Privacy Valerie Steeves, B.A., J.D. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Communication Program School of Journalism and Communication Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario April, 2005 ©Valerie Steeves, 2005 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliotheque et Archives Canada Archives Canada 1*1 0-494-08351-4 Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: Our file Notre reference ISBN: NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non. exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privee, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont ete enleves de cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. i +i Canada Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Abstract Current privacy policy frameworks embody a set of data protection principles which privilege a narrow interpretation of privacy as informational control, in spite of concerns that data protection is neither resilient enough a concept to protect the social value of privacy nor able to account for the role privacy plays in the development of identity. Data protection laws draw heavily on Alan Westin’s theoretical work on privacy. Westin’s work is rich in sociality; however, since his data protection principles were first incorporated into legislation in 1970, the valorization of technology and managerial imperatives have worked to marginalize the social elements in his thinking. In addition, Westin himself limits his theoretical framework by focussing on information flow rather than the negotiation of privacy by social actors. This dissertation puts Westin into dialogue with the work of George Herbert Mead, as it has been applied and extended by Irwin Altman and Jurgen Habermas, in order to reclaim and extend the social elements in Westin’s thinking. I apply Mead’s theory of the social self to dissolve the apparent tension between Westin’s atomistic individual and the social. I adopt Irwin Altman’s definition of privacy as the boundary between self and other and apply Mead’s dialogue between the social self and the undetermined I to locate privacy at the centre of identity formation. I then use Habermas’s conception of communicative action to argue that privacy - as the line between self and other - is an essential element of the normatively guided interaction that a linguistically constituted form of inter-subjectivity makes ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. possible. Privacy can therefore be conceived of as a social emergent of communication which involves the inter-subjective negotiation of the boundary between the self and other. This conception frees the policy questions from narrow considerations of fair information practices, and reinvigorates the need to come to social judgment about the appropriateness of surveillance. To test whether this conception of privacy can better inform policy, I examine children’s online privacy and compare how well data protection principles and a theory or privacy as a social emergent of communication can explain and address the issues. iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................ vi List of Illustrations ................................................................................................... vii Chapter 1 - Current Themes in the Privacy Literature ............................................1 Privacy and technology ................................................................................... 4 Westin and the classical conception of privacy ...........................................8 Privacy and data protection p o lic y .............................................................. 11 Critiques of data protection ....................................................................... 13 Privacy and surveillance ..............................................................................25 Privacy as a social psychological concept ................................................. 27 Gaps identified in the th e o ry ........................................................................32 Beyond Westin - Applying Mead and Habermas to the privacy debate ....................................................................................33 Chapter 2 - Legal Frameworks to Protect Privacy ............................................... 49 Constitutional and criminal protections against the invasive power of the s ta te ..........................................................................51 P roperty ......................................................................................................... 54 Reasonable expectations of privacy ...........................................................60 Chapter 3 - Data Protection Regimes: A Historical Exposition and Comparative Legal Analysis ........................................................................ 69 The origins of data protection ................................................................... 73 The legacy of World War II ..........................................................................77 International Human Rights instrum ents ........................................ 79 Early data protection instruments ............................................................... 81 Hesse Data Protection A c t ...............................................................90 Swedish Data A c t ..............................................................................94 Council of Europe Resolution regarding private sector databases .................................................................. 99 Council of Europe Resolution regarding public sector databases ..................................................................103 American Privacy Act of 1973 ...................................................... 107 German Federal Data Protection L a w .......................................... 115 International data protection instruments .................................................122 OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Personal Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal D a ta ....................... 122 Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal D a ta ................................................................................125

Load more

  316

Copy Link