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“Tvcation” Visual Communication System for Manufacturing Industry

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“Tvcation” Visual Communication System for Manufacturing Industry INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS Development of “TVcation” Visual Communication System for Manufacturing Industry Yoichi HATA*, Yasuhito FUJITA, Yoshimitsu GOTO and Toshiaki KAKII As broadband Internet services become more widespread, visual communications especially video conferencing are becoming more popular. With an aim of improving the efficiency of business in industry sectors, the authors have developed visual communication system software named “TVcation” as a solution to more efficient manufacturing. When dealing with information related to manufacturing business, the processing of still images and photographs is particularly important. TVcation supports for the JPEG2000 image compression algorithm and provides scalability, and therefore the quality of received image data can be freely selected even in an environment where the networks of different band widths intermingled. 1. Introduction Visual communications Recently, as the Internet becomes widespread and (Conference using image streaming) faster, visual communication technology as typified by videoconferencing is receiving widespread attention. Especially in business enterprises, there are demands Web conference TV conference for the introduction of video or web conference for the (Desktop conference) (Video conference) purposes of reducing business trip expenditures, travel times, carbon-dioxide emissions, and decision making times. Audio teleconference and The authors have developed a prototype of a visual Data sharing, etc. communication system (hereafter called “TVcation”) which aims at providing environment-friendly IT solu- tion for raising business efficiency. This paper outlines Fig. 1. Concept of visual communications the main functions of TVcation and describes the exper- imental use cases in the Sumitomo Electric Group’s member companies. High Telepresence 2. Overview Price Room type Although conventional videoconference is mainly based on communication through images and sound, as Teleconference the processing speeds of computers increase, sharing of system data such as presentation documents in videoconfer- ences has become more common (Fig. 1). Videophone/ One of the trends in the videoconference market is Low PC softwaresoftware the use of high-definition (HD) video as in many telep- Small Large resence systems. In telepresence, broadband transmis- System scale sion of high-quality image and sound data allows atten- dees to feel as if they are all in the same room. However, Fig. 2. Price range and system scale of videoconferencing systems this type of videoconference device is costly, costing mil- lions of yen or more (Fig. 2). Cost is an obstacle to the widespread use of telepresence in many businesses. TVcation is the software program that runs on per- as whiteboards and projectors to provide a system that is sonal computers to transmit and receive still images, easy to install and use. sound, video, and electronic documents for providing When exchanging information in business, still pic- smooth communications between remote places. ture information is very important as well as a person’s TVcation is used with personal computers that are expression and gestures. In many cases, a lot of meeting increasingly faster in performance and lower in price. time is spent on looking at whiteboard writings or meet- TVcation also supports other optional peripherals such ing materials which are still picture information. SEI TECHNICAL REVIEW · NUMBER 67 · OCTOBER 2008 · 39 The videoconference system using TVcation can be the sending and receiving of data such as video, sound, used for technical meetings and conferences typical of and still images are carried out directly between com- the manufacturing sector, as well as production support puters. Because computers exchange IP address infor- of factories. In addition to live video pictures of atten- mation via a server, users do not need to know other dees, which are already provided by conventional video- computers’ IP addresses to make a connection. conferences, TVcation allows transmission of image Figure 4 shows the connection diagrams and advan- information of facilities, equipment, parts, etc. as well as tages/disadvantages of the P2P-type and server-type con- still images, electronic documents, and presentation nection types. In P2P-type connection, the load on the materials. TVcation is aimed at daily meeting use as well server is small even if a large number of users use the as production support. system at the same time; this is because computers send In the case of desktop videoconference, many func- and receive data directly to each others. Therefore, the tions can be carried out on a computer. Many desktop advantage of P2P-type connection is that the service can videoconference products come with complicated user be provided stably at a relatively low cost. On the other interfaces and lack specialized functions. These become hand, when many computers are connected to the net- the problem because in actual uses, operations differ work, the network topology becomes a star-like topology vastly among users, as some users may want to use the and the volume of data greatly increases. As a result, systems for holding presentation-like meetings, while high performance computers and wide network band- others may want to provide equipment maintenance width are required in such cases. information and other technical helps to production lines. However, it is generally said that there are less than Moreover, although broadband is common in six connections per videoconference in 80% of the cases Japan, there are many regions in the world where com- of daily videoconferences. Moreover, overall data trans- munication infrastructures are poor. In such narrow- band regions, network communications are of low quali- ty and transmissions are slow. Therefore, it is necessary to have a system that can support a wide data transmis- Server Type sion rate; from narrowband to broadband. Data is transferred among To provide the visual communication system that users via a server. allows smooth information transmission from narrow- band to broadband at a low investment cost, TVcation is built on peer-to-peer data transmission technology and JPEG 2000 image compression technology. 3. Technological Background Data delivery to a large number of users is easy. Pros Firewall/NAT tend not to affect the connection. 3-1 P2P (Peer-to-peer connection) As users increase, the server needs to be expanded. The cost of continuous server maintenance is required. Peer-to-peer (P2P), as shown in Fig. 3, is a network When used by too many users at the same time, the transmission architecture in which computers directly Cons server load increases. send and receive data between each other. In contrasts Network resource shortages occur easily when high- quality, large-size image data is transferred among to the server-type architecture, P2P does not need the many users. server for communications. In TVcation, the authentication and session initia- P2P Type (“TVcation”) tion between computers are done via a server; afterward, Users send data directly to each other. Server 1.User 1.User authentication authentication Almost zero cost of a server and its maintenance. 2.Acquisition of another Multiple meetings can be held simultaneously. user’s information Pros Data quality such as image size can be easily controlled individually. Meetings can be held with a small number of users only. Cons Firewall/NAT configuration may affect the connectivity. 3.Connection (not via server) Fig. 3. TVcation connection method (P2P) Fig. 4. Difference between server type and P2P type 40 · Development of “TVcation” Visual Communication System for Manufacturing Industry mission rate can be suppressed by handling still images Table 2. Comparison with H.264/MPEG-4 AVC instead of video, as well as dynamically controlling video H.264/MPEG-4 AVC JPEG 2000 quality according to the network. From these observa- time time tions, the authors have developed a system targeted at the use in videoconferences where the number of con- nections is less than six and the main use is the Compression exchange of still picture information. format Discrete cosine transform Compression is applied Wavelet transform Compression is applied 3-2 JPEG 2000 (Image compression technology) Compression is applied only to differences Compression is applied to one frame at a time. separately to 8x8 blocks. between multiple frames, to each frequency extracted by motion component. TVcation uses JPEG 2000 video and image codec prediction and other technology. JPEG 2000 can compress a still image at a techniques. high compression rate and form a high resolution ·Still image: Low (about ·Still image: High Compression image. This technology is best suited for handling the JEPG level) ·Streaming image: ratio images of equipment and machine parts, as well as elec- ·Streaming image: High Low compared to H.264 tronic documents. JPEG 2000 was standardized by the ·Extracting an arbitrary ·Extracting an arbitrary Editing Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) in 2001. frame image is difficult frame image is easy Compared to the conventional JPEG format, the JPEG ·Blu-ray and other DVD Standard ·Digital Cinema 2000 image compression/decompression format has a formats higher image quality and a higher compression rate. JPEG 2000 is applied to video data as well; it is selected as the recommended technological specification by Hollywood’s Digital Cinema Initiative (DCI). Table 1 no other video encoding methods exceeding
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