ARIZONA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN UPDATE 2014 ArizonA State ParkS STATESTATE HISTORIC HISTORIC PRESERVATION PRESERVATION OFFICEOFFICE ArizonaARIZONA State STATE Parks___________________________________________State PARKS Historic State Histor Preservationic Preservation Plan Plan Update U pdate 2014 2014 Arizona State Parks Board Chair Alan Everett Sedona Walter D. Armer, Jr. Vail R.J. Cardin Phoenix Mark Brnovich Phoenix Kay Daggett Sierra Vista Larry Landry Phoenix Vanessa Hickman State Land Commissioner Executive Director Bryan Martyn This document was published under the authority of the Arizona State Parks Board ARIZONA Historic Preservation Plan UPDATE 2014 State Historic Preservation Office Arizona State Parks Bryan Martyn, Executive Director James Garrison, State Historic Preservation Officer i Adopted by the Arizona State Parks Board, 21 May 2014 Approved by the National Park Service, 20 March 2014 State Historic Preservation Office Arizona State Parks 1300 West Washington Street Phoenix, Arizona 85007 Tel/TTY: 602.542.4174 http://azstateparks.com This publication has been financed in part with federal funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior. This program receives federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or disability or age in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37227, Washington, DC 20013. The creation of this publication has been partially funded by a grant from the Arizona Heritage Fund administered by the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office / Arizona State Parks Board. All rights reserved. No part of this book is to be reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission from Arizona State Parks Board. Written copy and pictures Copyright 2014 by Arizona State Parks Board. Individuals with disabilities may request special accommodations such as alternative formats or assistance with physical accessibility. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements iv Appendix A: SHPO Five-Year Action Plan 51 Preface 1 Appendix B: Historic Designation and Residential Property Values 57 Executive Summary 3 Appendix C: Synopsis of SHPO Planning 65 Historic Preservation in a Time of Uncertainty 5 Appendix D: Public Survey 81 Dedication to the Mission 9 Preservation and Conservation 11 Arizona’s Historic Resources 13 The Preservation Network 19 Planning Methods and Findings 27 Current Historic Preservation Trends and Outside Influences 31 State Property Tax Reclassification Program 38 Arizona Main Street Program 39 Inventory of Historic Arizona Cemeteries 40 Issues, Goals and Objectives 41 Selected Bibliography 47 iii Acknowledgements David Jacobs, Compliance Specialist/Archaeology Robert Frankeberger, Architect/CLG Coordinator Editor Vivia Strang, National Register Coordinator William Collins Erick Laurila, Compliance Specialist/Archaeology Kris Dobschuetz, Compliance Specialist/Archaeology Photographs Mary-Ellen Walsh, Compliance Specialist/Archaeology Eric Vondy Joseph Roth, Administrative Secretary III Mary Robinson, Administrative Secretary III The Arizona Historic Preservation Plan was produced by the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), a section of Additional thanks to everyone who participated in public Arizona State Parks. It could not have been completed without surveys and meetings, and those who provided comments on the help of all those listed below: draft versions of the plan. The Arizona State Parks Board Alan Everett, Chair Walter D. Armer, Jr. R.J. Cardin Mark Brnovich Kay Daggett Larry Landry Vanessa Hickman, State Land Commissioner Arizona State Parks Staff Bryan Martyn, Executive Director Kent Ennis, Assistant Director State Historic Preservation Office James Garrison, State Historic Preservation Officer Ann Howard, Deputy Historic Preservation Officer William Collins, Deputy Historic Preservation Officer Eric Vondy, Tax Incentives and Main Street Program Coordinator James Cogswell, Compliance Specialist/Archaeology iv Preface The centennial of Arizona’s admission to the union of states in places have been recognized and protected. Still, much remains to 2012 offered a time for reflection on our contribution to the be done. The loss of historic resources is the loss of our heritage. It continuing American story. It occurred while we were is also a waste of materials and energy that our nation can ill afford. simultaneously witnessing profound changes in our economy, our demography, our culture, and our relative position among the Plan Now; Act Now nations of the world. At the time of this writing, the worst of the The immediate future presents challenges great enough to lead us economic panic and recession appears to have passed, although a to despair unless we apply that most basic element of American great deal of uncertainty remains. Arizona in particular has been character, optimism. American optimism is the force that slow to recover, a symptom of its reliance upon population growth transforms challenge into opportunity, the vision that sees risk as a and new housing construction to fuel its economy. Far too much chance for enterprise, the determination to proceed even if depends on national and international events to accurately predict prospects appear gloomy. when, if ever, anything resembling the economy prior to the 2006 peak of the housing boom ever returns. The Arizona Historic Preservation Plan Update 2014 takes confidence from the successes of our previous efforts and finds Preservation + Conservation + Rehabilitation = Regeneration reassurance in the support of an ever-increasing portion of the state’s citizenry. With faith in the public value of preservation and A few definitions: Historic preservation is the protection of dedication to the mission the preservation community has been tangible elements from the past such as buildings, structures, and entrusted to further, the Plan Update offers goals and objectives archaeological sites for the benefit of future generations. crafted to advance the tasks necessary to ensure that Arizona Conservation is the wise use of scarce resources to ensure their remains a prosperous and fulfilling place to the individuals and maximum social benefit. Rehabilitation is the investment in and families who now and in the future will make it their home. adaptation of existing properties to assure continued or new use. Together, these three activities can help rejuvenate our economy, The Plan Update describes a number of principles that will guide our community, and our national spirit. The full regeneration of the the activities of the State Historic Preservation Office and are American spirit can only come about when the places and objects offered to our current and potential partners as means of achieving tied to the American experience have been preserved. Can we mutually beneficial outcomes: expect a new generation to appreciate the American Ideal if we’ve allowed our mutual history to be trampled by the false imperatives • Dedication to the public value of our mission of the transitory present? • Fortitude in the face of challenges • Optimism despite setbacks How fortunate we are that many people, past and present, have had • Perseverance despite a seemingly overwhelming task the foresight to take action to preserve, conserve, and rehabilitate • Joy taken in past and present success historic buildings and places, keeping them as the vital resources on • Gratitude for the help we receive and the friendships we which our society has been able to regenerate its most important establish principles. National and state parks and monuments, historic • Satisfaction from the process as well as the outcomes of our landmarks, historic districts and thousands of individual historic work 1 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK 2 Executive Summary The Arizona Historic Preservation Plan Update 2014 is the result of • A need to strengthen partnerships between government more than a year’s effort by the State Historic Preservation Office agencies, advocacy groups, businesses, and the public (SHPO), a section of Arizona State Parks, in conjunction with • A need for Arizona’s citizens to become more aware of the Arizona’s preservation professionals, advocates, and concerned value of our history and the opportunities for historic citizens. It will guide the actions of the SHPO and its partners into preservation. the second decade of the twenty-first century. • A need for appropriate information about Arizona’s historic resources to be available to those making decisions about the The Plan builds upon the foundation of successes achieved by future. earlier planning efforts, most notably the 1996 plan, which was the • A need for the public to continue to be engaged on questions first comprehensive plan developed for Arizona. While the specific regarding the identification, nomination,