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East Wilson Historic District Is Indicated on the Map of the District Accompanying the Nomination

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East Wilson Historic District Is Indicated on the Map of the District Accompanying the Nomination NPS FOfm 10.900 OMB No. 102f..0018 {Rev. &-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form Is for use In nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for Individual properties or districts. See Instructions in Guidelines tor Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" In the appropriate box or by entering the requested Information. If an Item does not apply to the property baing documented, enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed In the Instructions. For additional space usa continuation sheets (Form 10.900a). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name East wilson HlstorlC Dlstrlct other names/site number 2. Location street & number 65 blocks w W1ison, east of the SeabOard RR tracks 0 not for publication city, town Wilson Uviclnity state North Carolil"\ibde NC county W1Ison code 195 zip code 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property IX] private 0 buildlng(s) Contributing Noncontributing IX] public· local ~district 858 305 buildings IX] public-State Osite _..Jo"- 0 sites D public-Federal Ostructure _ __,2._ 0 structures Oobject ---"-8- 0 objects 868 305 Total Name of related multiple property listing: Number of contributing resources previously e__ listed In the National Register ...:0"---- 4 State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this 12{] nomination D request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the proc.edural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property I2SJ meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria. 0 See continuation/heel./ co, 2 25 on Signature of certifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property Omeets 0does not meet the National Register criteria. Osee continuation sheet. Signature of commenting or other official Date State or Federal agency Snd bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is: 0 entered in the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet. D determined eligible for the National Register. 0 See continuation sheet. D determined not eligible for the National Register. D removed from the National Register. Oother, (explain:) ________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories from instructions) Current Functions (enter categories from instructions) Domestic/single dlfelling Domestic/single dVIelling Commerce/department store Commerce/department store Religion/religious structure Religion/religions structure Education/school Education/school Health care/hospital Vacapt./not jn use 7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (enter categories from Instructions) (enter categories from instructions) foundation --""'-.1..!.<"--------------­ other: shotgun house Queen Anne walls ---"""""ID"""l!dJ"""'-""'C!:ll.'L-------- Bungalmr/Craftsrnan rocf l!!!!!!!ru!!!t It i n other sfrnM/J i mestone Describe present and historic physical appearance. See continuation sheet EJ See continuation sheet 8. Statement of Significance Certifying oHicial has considered the significance of this property In relation to other properties: D nationally Q9 statewide D locally Applicable National Register Criteria G A DB EJ C D D Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) DA DB De Do DE OF i!DG Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Period of Significance SlgnlflcJ!nt Dates Ethnic Heritage/black ca. 1890-ca. 1941 N;A Architecture Cultural AHIIIation N/A Significant Person ArchitecUBullder Freeman, Nestus Various/Unknown State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above. See continuation sheet E) See continuation sheet 9. Major Bibliographical References See continuation sheet ~See continuation sheet Previous documentation on lite (NPS): 0 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) Primary location of additional data: has been requested [19 State historic prese~ation office 0 previously listed in the National Register 0 Other State agency 0 previously determined eligible by the National Register 0 Federal agency 0 designated a National Historic Landmark 0 Local government 0 recorded by Historic American Buildings 0 University su~ey# _______________________________ Oother 0 recorded by Historic American Engineering Specify repository: Record #________________________________ _ North Carolina Division of Archives and History, Raleigh, N.C. 27611 1 0. Geographical Data Acreage of property __ 2.2._,0________________________________________________________ _ UTM References A~ I2IVI2?PI I 319 15 I 7!4 14 I Ol B ILt.aJ I2I316B 18101 13 I 96 16196 ;0 I Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing 0 ~ 121 31 )2 1 Ql g I 319 15 I 6(7 18 I Ol D ILt.aJ lz 13 I 711 ;4 i 01 13 I 91 56120 ;0 I [29 See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description The boundary of the East Wilson Historic District is indicated on the map of the district accompanying the nomination. 0 See continuation sheet Boundary Justification The boundary includes the most visually cohesive, intact group of architecturally and historically significant residential, commercial, and civic structures in East Wilson. They represent the overwhelming majority of pre-World War II buildings in the conm1uni ty and embody East Wilson's development. 0 See continuation sheet Preservat1on Consultant organization --=-=--=--=--=-=--------------date 1\ng:ust 20, 1987 street & number Rt 1 Box 547 telephone 919-478-4234 city or town Spring Hope state N.C. zip code 27811 NPSForml~ 01.18 Appruvll Ho. 102~18 (... ) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number __7_ Page __l_ PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION SUMMARY The East Wilson Historic District comprises 1277 predominantly residential properties occupying 65 city blocks east of the Seaboard System Railroad tracks in Wilson. Principal borders include Railroad Street (west), U.S. 301, Carroll, and Powell streets (east), Gold Street (north), and Wainwright Avenue (south); but the boundaries particularly along the south and west ends are very uneven, formed mainly by blocks of speculative housing built for blacks between the world wars. The district is characterized by one- and two-story frame dwellings, many with standing-seam metal roofs, packed tightly together on 25- and 50-foot wide lots. Small gable-end churches and parapet-front groceries complete the district. Buildings are set close to narrow streets, most of which have been paved within the last decade. The small setbacks historically have restricted the amount of trees along the street, but backyards are usually rimmed with pecan and sycamore trees. The confining front yards have also limited the number of sidewalks. Even today, as streets are paved and curbed, sidewalks are rarely added due to the narrow right-of­ ways.(l) Front yards are frequently nicely kempt, with small, neatly arranged yard ornaments, flower beds, and fencing. Back yards, in contrast, often include a conglomeration of functional storage sheds, dog houses, wood piles, and fishing boats. Small vegetable gardens, too, are usually located at the rear of lots, or on adjacent vacant property. The district is largely composed of a rectangular grid of streets, though corridors such as Darden Lane, Ash Street, and Narraway represent short alleyways that cut across the grid and terminate at major avenues. Pender and Nash streets are the principal thoroughfares, and intersect near the west end of the district, where a NP$ Form IG-iOO-t. OIYB ~~~ H<J_ 1024-0018 (... ) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number __7_ Page __2_ gas station and several professional offices, all black owned, are congregated. These roads and numerous others are lined with houses built between about 1890 and 1940 for blacks who were primarily employed in Wilson's flourishing tobacco industry. The dwellings illustrate a variety of traditional Southern house types, and especially the shotgun house. Although rental housing for working people predominates, East Wilson also includes residences of the early twentieth-century black middle class. Representing the major architectural styles from 1900 to World War II, these houses are mostly concentrated along East Green and North Pender streets. Of the 1277 buildings, structures, objects, vacant lots, and parks in the district, 868, or 68 percent, have been identified as contributing. BUILDING TYPES AND STYLES Worker Housing House types in East Wilson may be organized into two broad categories: worker housing and the middle-class residence. Dwellings for the black working-class family were primarily frame, one-story, a maximum of four rooms, and geared to the narrow lot. Among the earliest house types in the district is the one-room, side-gable form. These are labeled "shanty" and about 10 appear near the railroad tracks on Wilson's 1893 Sanborn Map.(2) These wooden houses were designed with brick end chimneys, four-over-four
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