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Switzerland and Refugees in the Nazi Era
Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland – Second World War Switzerland and Refugees in the Nazi Era This version has been replaced by the revised and completed version: Unabhängige Expertenkommission Schweiz – Zweiter Weltkrieg: Die Schweiz und die Flüchtlinge zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, Zürich 2001 (Veröffentlichungen der Unabhängigen Expertenkommission Schweiz – Zweiter Weltkrieg, vol. 17). Order: Chronos Verlag (www.chronos-verlag.ch) Edited by Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland – Second World War P.O. Box 259 3000 Bern 6, Switzerland www.uek.ch Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland – Second World War: Switzerland and Refugees in the Nazi Era. Bern, 1999. ISBN 3-908661-07-2 English version has been translated from German and French original texts Distributed by BBL/EDMZ, 3003 Bern www.admin.ch/edmz Art.-No. 201.282 eng 12.99 1000 H-UEK 07-10-99 Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland – Second World War Switzerland and Refugees in the Nazi Era Members of the Commission / General Management Jean-François Bergier, Chairman Sybil Milton, Vice-Chairman/Report Management Joseph Voyame, Vice-Chairman Wladyslaw Bartoszewski Georg Kreis, Report Management Saul Friedländer, Report Management Jacques Picard, Delegate Harold James Jakob Tanner General Secretary Linus von Castelmur Project Direction Gregor Spuhler Academic Advisor Marc Perrenoud Authors Valérie Boillat, Daniel Bourgeois, Michèle Fleury, Stefan Frech, Michael Gautier, Tanja Hetzer, Blaise Kropf, Ernest H. Latham, Regula Ludi (team leader), Marc Perrenoud, Gregor Spuhler (team leader), Hannah E. Trooboff Researchers Thomas Busset, Frank Haldemann, Ursina Jud, Martin Lind, Martin Meier, Laurenz Müller, Hans Safrian, Thomas Sandkühler, Bernhard Schär, Daniel Schmid, Marino Viganò, Daniel Wildmann, Bettina Zeugin, Jan Zielinski, Regula Zürcher Administration/Production Estelle Blanc, Armelle Godichet, Regina Mathis Translation from the German: Susan M. -
Smells of Switzerland”
CHAPTER NUMBER “SMELLS OF SWITZERLAND” HANS J. RINDISBACHER “Non Olet.” Vespasian “If our gold is dung, our dung, on the other hand, is gold.” Victor Hugo, Les Misérables “We are in Güllen. We smell it, we smell it, we smell it in the air, the Güllen air.” [Wir sind in Güllen. Wir riechen’s, wir riechen’s, wir riechen’s an der Luft, an der Güllener Luft]. Friedrich Dürrenmatt, The Visit Switzerland, in the minds of foreigners, triggers a variety of stereotypes that tend to fall into a fairly narrow range of topics: how beautiful the country is, how neat and clean – often followed by some comment about the Swiss banks, the universally known export products of chocolate, cheese, and watches and, when talking to men, a remark or a question about the army or at least its famous knife.1 When visiting the country, especially as a tourist, one can find these things fully in evidence and, wherever applicable, commercialized and ready for sale. Switzerland is a country quite in tune with the stereotypes that circulate about it. For those who know the country better, it presents itself in many more facets and appears, despite its small size and generally low international news profile, as a rather 1 intriguing place. In spite of its air of general quiet and reputation for stability, it has over the past twenty years or so, in tandem with broader European developments, changed significantly. Most of these changes can be understood as the country’s way of adjusting to the new Europe of the post-Cold War age. -
Appendix 1B: Notes on Our Coding Decisions July 25, 2016
Updating the Party Government data set‡ Public Release Version 2.0 Appendix 1b: Notes on Our Coding Decisions July 25, 2016 Katsunori Seki§ Laron K. Williams¶ ‡If you use this data set, please cite: Seki, Katsunori and Laron K. Williams. 2014. “Updating the Party Government Data Set.” Electoral Studies. 34: 270–279. §Collaborative Research Center SFB 884, University of Mannheim; [email protected] ¶Department of Political Science, University of Missouri; [email protected] Notes on Our Coding Decisions This appendix is designed to maintain replicability and transparency of our coding in “Data Set 1: Governments.” Following notes are organized by variables.1 They show discrepancies between our coding and WKB (2000; 2011) data with the sources of information by which we made a decision. Since coding of Reason for Termination (rft) variable requires qualitative judgement and is not entirely free from measurement error, we quoted sentences and paragraphs on which our update is based. Our primary sources of information is European Journal of Political Research’s The Political Data Yearbook. This means that our update did not check the measurement of rft by WKB (2000; 2011) before 1991. The full set of citations is found in Appendix 1c. 1In this update (Version 2.0), we provide notes on govtseq, startyear, startmonth, startday, rft, tog, gpar- ties, py#name, and py#seat. 2 govtseq Austria • govtseq=21, new=2 The Vrantizky government (govtseq=20) “resigned on 18 December 1995 and reappointed as caretaker government until 12 March 1996.” (Fallend 1997, 313) • govtseq=24, new=2 The Klima government was formed on January 28, 1997. -
50 Years Diplomatic Relations Between the P.R. of China And
Embassy of Switzerland in the P.R. of China 50 Years Diplomatie Relations Between The P.R. of China and Switzerland Press Kit Contents 1. Congratulation Message from R.E. Mr. Adolf Ogi President of Swiss Confederation $±J~,~~iPj 2. Congratulation Message from Mr. Dominique Dreyer Ambassador of Switzerland in People' s Republie of China JW±tt~j(~~iPJ 3. Press Release - 50 Years of Bilateral Relations Between Switzerland and China $ q:r :«J213ê*50 !if~ IlfJ tt:tff ~ 4. ChronoloAjY of i~ortant events: Switzerland-China 1950-2000 q:r l!f- Jffif±m5t50JWJ!ifj($* 5. 50 Years Diplomatie Relations Switzerland-China q:rOO - JW±m3t50JWJ!if~J3i~ ~fû~ 6. 50 Years of Sueeessfui Economie Relations between Switzerland and China q:r l!f - 3W±~1Jf3ê*JïX~3ë~~50!if 7. Switzerland and Environmental Protection in China JW±~q:r~~Pf~*1P 8. Culture Events Seheduled for the Commemoration of 50 Years of DiI?lomatie Relation Between P.R. China and Switzerland i*m9=t 00 - JW±J!3i:50JWJ1f:9=tJWx1t3i:mtJj! § Congratulation Message from Mr. Adolf Ogi, President of Swiss Confederation Tt is now 50 years since Swîtzerland and the People' s Republic of China agreed to establish diplomatic relations. For both, Switzerland and the People' s Republic of China, these 50 years have been a time of change. What remains constant is the interest in good and mutually beneficial political, economic and cultural relations. Switzerland attaches great importance to this objective. Economic, technological, social and political developments have brought us aH closer together. Geographic distance is no longer as important as it used to be.