THE 1\1AQAZINE OF SOUTH ~AROLINA san One Dollar fwenty Five OCTOBER • 1973

----=--- s C, C, 2- p~ ~d~~.V-, When we were children, w e would climb in our green and golden castle until the sky said stop. Our dreams filled the summer air to overflowing, and the future was a far-off land a million promises away. Today, the dreams of our own children must be cherished as never before. For if we believe in them, they will come to believe in themselves. And out of their dreams, they will finish the castle we once began - this time for keeps. Then the dreamer will become the doer. And the child, the father of the man.

NIETROMONT NIATERIALS Greenville Division Box 2486 Greenvill e, S.C. 29602 803/ 269-4664 Spartanburg Division Box 1292 Spartanburg, S.C. 29301 803/ 585-4241 Charlotte Division Box 16262 Charlotte, N.C. 28216 704/ 597-8255 TBE GllEAT C&S BALANCING ACT

( \\fC\(\NG 11ccouN1 $1 /I 1fl'/IEN1 PAGE NO S1A1t~EN1 OA1t \ Of \ A((QUN1 NO 01-26-73 5099-7386

John I\. Smith 234 pa\mettO street 11ny where, s. c. 2900\

Checks are shown in numerical order. The amount and date Summary of all paid are listed right checking activity next to each check. for the month. s oo \\ 75 At a glance, see \0 oo your new 29 30 balance, the 9 09 number and 30 20 \3 02 total dollars of 38 4\ checks and 56 33 deposits. 26 \ 3 10 oo 63 49 An asterisk 6 so indicates missing checks. Th ose little as­ terisks are not just for decora­ tions. Th ey save you . time w hen searching for checks that were written last month and haven't cleared yet. They indicate gaps in the check number sequence. For example: # 239 • indicates # 238 is missing.

The new C&S Balancing Act is not just another itemized Bank statement. It's the only statement in the Carolinas that lists checks in numerical order - and the only statement that indicates missing checks. The C&S Balancing Act is so easy C&S to use. Your checkbook will practically balance itself. And remember, there's no service charge on accounts with a minimum balance of $100. Come to C&S and get in on the act. We' ll make it happen.

The Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina Member F.0.1.C. Who'd ever think that I would win a tournament? I played tennis in school, but I haven't had time for it since I started working. And it's hard to find someone to play with. That is, someone about the same as I am. Peggy, who has a fantastic return, told me about Palmetto Dunes. When you first come here, a pro takes you out to hit a few balls around. Then you're ranked according to your ability, so games and even tournaments can be set up with people who are comparable to you. That way both you and your partner play harder and don't get bored-and it's a lot more fun. Nine courts are "fast-dry", and two are Play-Turf, which is easy on your knees and ankles. They are set up in groups of two, all spread around the pro shop among the trees. Besides tennis, I played golf, and did some swimming and bicycling. The food here is terrific, and the people all make you feel like a regular member. Call or write Palmetto Dunes. And maybe you can win a tournament. Villas are available for rental, and Palmetto Dunes also has condominiums and estate homesites available for purchase. (This offering is not available to residents of New York State or other states where prohibited by law.) ID Palmetto Dunes Beach Resort and Golf Oub PO. Box5628 Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29928 (803) 785-2151 Developed by Palmetto Dunes Resort, Inc., a Subsidiary of Phipps Land Company, Inc. T~ THE MA GAZINE rn· sandl apper.

Features

The Bulow Empire-Kingdom in the Wilderness ...... --· by Edwin H. Stone 11

Wheel Estate: Mansion or Millstone? by Tom Hamrick 20

Saltwater Spot Fishing by c. w. Kilbey 25

Family-Pleasing Apple Desserts by Nancy Carter 28 Palmetto Profiles: Lillie Herndon 32 Mooney Player PUBLISHER Kay N . Langley Art Is a Three-Letter Word EDITOR-IN-CHIEF photography by Kavin Broome 35 Delmar L. Roberts South Carolina History Illustrated: EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Peregrinations of a Goat Cart by George Williams 41 Diane M. Crenshaw ART DIRECTOR Technical Education Pays Dividends Michael F. Schumpert by Addison Barker 50 NATIONAL ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Edward J. Keady Children's Crafts: Stone Rubbings- New Interest in an Old Craft by Nancy Chirich 57 ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Charles W. Alexander Camellias-For Autumn to Spring Blossoms DIRECTOR OF MARKETING & DISTRIBUTION by Albert P. Hout 59 Robert L. McCormick ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE Focus: Decorative Arts and Architecture by Adger Brown Brian L. Taylor 61 EVENTS EDITOR Beverly P. Gregg Departments CIRCULATION MANAGER Kathryn F. Little FROM BEHIND THE PALMETTOS 5

SANDLAPPER is published by Sandlapper Press, Inc., Allen READERS' COMMENTS 6 F. Caldwell Jr., president and chairman of the board; Delmar COMING IN SANDLAPPER 7 L. Roberts, vice-president editorial ; Edward J. Keady, vice­ president advertising; E. A. Markwalter, vice-president and OF PEACOCKS AND LILIES 9 treasurer; Gertrude Ricker, secretary; and Kay Langley, assistant secretary. DINING OUT 9

SANDLAPPER-THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, HAPPENINGS 10 October 1973, Volume 6, Number 10. Published monthly LEISURE LIVING 54 by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Editor ial and administrative offices are located at 305 Greystone Blvd., Columbia. MAILING GOURMET FARE 67 ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be addressed to P. o . Box 1668, Columbia, S. C. 29202. HOW-TO AND VV 68 Telephone: 779-8824. Return postage must accompany all manuscripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 69 to be returned. Query before submitting material. No WEATHER 71 responsibility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage and paid at Columbia, S. C. Subscription rates: $12 a A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 72 year in the United States and possessions; foreign countries, $15. Add 4 percent sales tax for South Carolina subscrip­ PERSONALLY 75 tions. Copyright © 1973 by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Sand­ lapper is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. No part INTERESTING, UNUSUAL of this publication may be reproduced without written ITEMS AND SERVICES 76 permission.

October 1973 3 NOBODY WILL BE HAPPIER THAN US WHEN SCE&G IS FINALLY OUT OF SIGHT. It'd be great if all SCE&G overhead power But we're working on the problems. Looking lines could go underground. for better and cheaper ways to take the ugly out Great. But impossible right now. of electricity. Because today there's no feasible way to bury Because although we're proud of the power the high-voltage lines that carry power from our we're supplying, we're no happier than you are plants. And the cost of converting existing over­ with the way we have to deliver it. head lines in neighborhood areas would be more than we're willing to ask you to pay. SOUTH CAROLINA ELECTRIC AND GAS 20 FOOT MOTOR HOME fron1 behind /A the palmet~

Those strangely hued pages in this issue are not the result of a sloppy printer or an overturned cup of coffee. Sandlapper is now including a wrap in completely insulated. each issue, distinguished from the main body of the magazine by a different Roof air conditioning paper stock. The wrap is the place to look for a number of continuing Power plant features, most of which appear for the first time this month. The wrap will And many other extras contain a restaurant guide, featuring each month restaurants across the state that deserve special notice. A gourmet column will cover a wide range of topics related to gourmet cooking, menu-planning and the attractive $8995.00 presentation of elegant meals. A monthly how-to column is designed to instruct readers in how to do (or not to do) a variety of things: This month presents a timely lesson on how to get (or not get) your wife to watch football games; next month will offer instructions on making a centerpiece Superior Motors Inc. for a Thanksgiving dinner. And the events column, the schedule of "The Little Profit Dealer" happenings around the state, will be located in the wrap. Pontiac • Buick Edwin Stone has been fascinated with the Bulow family for more than 20 Orangeburg, S.C years. In the 1950s he first explored the ruins of the fabulous sugar Phone 534-11 23 plantation which covered 6,000 acres in Spanish Florida. The ruins included Columbia Number 252-9631 an enormous mansion, slave quarters, a large sugar mill, sawmills, cotton gins, springhouses, boat slips and bricked wells-everything, according to Stone, I. JENKINS MIKELL, JR. "essential to a rich and independent kingdom in the wilderness." As he sought out the history of the family who created this kingdom, he discovered that it was a prominent South Carolina dynasty which acquired most of its vast wealth in Charleston and the Newberry District of the state around 1800. Although Stone is most familiar to readers for his outstanding and highly acclaimed photography, he demonstrates once again that he can tell a good story when the opportunity arises.

Cover: "Grass roots participation" is a phrase more often associated with politics than with the world of fine arts. But grass roots participation is actually what makes the Springs Art Show possible. This annual event is the largest nonjuried show in the entire Southeast; that means every artist in the Carolinas who submits a work for the exhibit is guaranteed a place in the show. Bob Thompson, associate public relations director for Springs Mills, eagerly awaits the first day for accepting exhibits each year. The highways • Life I nsu ranee to Lancaster are packed with vehicles bringing • Pension Plans their offerings: Volkswagens with sculptures larger than the automobiles strapped to the tops; cara­ • Group Insurance vans of elderly ladies bearing still lifes carefully • Health I nsu ranee protected in gift wrap; and campers and buses • Annuities entrusted with the artistic endeavors of an entire community. Since each artist is allowed one entry in the show, the number of works displayed has New York Life Insurance Co . increased to an incredible size-almost 800 works S.C.N . Center, Main St. by 800 Carolinas' artists this year. Reactions to P .0. Box 11803 this year's show should be every bit as favorable as Columbia, S.C. 29211 those of the children in our photo essay. By Kavin 252-5657 Broome. II

October 1973 5 e readers' 1n com1nents What ideas, opinions and com­ ments do you have about this issue of your magazine? We're anxious to hear what you think, so this col­ umn is all yours-please drop us a line.

Color is what you see everyday, everywhere. So it is only natural that your printing looks better We always enjoy Sandlapper, es­ when it's done in color. Your company or product pecially this month. speaks louder when they speak in color. The article about the Rockville Re­ gatta appealed to me because I attended Universal Graphics offers you good color separa­ these races for some years when I was a tions and fast service for a reasonable price. Think teenager. Enclosed you will find a picture about it. You can't afford not to think color. of the building in which the dances were held in the evening. You may use this picture in your magazine if you wish or just return it to me.

1124 Devine Street / Columbia, S.C / Telephone 803 253 8309 Katherine Sanders Farrell Columbia, South Carolina

P.S. My brother, Palmer Sanders, lives in Langhorne, Pa., and we send him a You are cordially invited to inspect our selection of quality marine products subscription to Sandlapper for Christmas. and motor homes. Each brand was chosen for excellence in its field, He finds the magazine most interesting! from the Zodiac inflatable craft to the 25-foot Coronet cruiser and including Winnebago and Executive recreational vehicles. We have covered the United States and overseas countries to find these products for the leisure The sailing enthusiasts on Johns and time of South Carolinians. Write or stop by our facilities in the other sea islands have sentenced me Mount Pleasant. We think you will agree that our array is unequaled to 100 lashes with a wet lanyard for in the Southeast. You deserve the quality we stand for. naming Paul Andrews as the owner of the Doghouse. [ See August Sandlapper.] I have stood on my constitutional right not to disclose the source of this (TIMEOUT, l~ll.] incorrect information (I was told by an old SIOD sailor that he owns the boat), HWY. 17 BYPASS (GEORGETOWN HWY.) but this apparently won't save me. P. 0. BOX 767 The boat is owned by Mrs. Danny L. 803-884-2257 MT. PLEASANT, S. C. 29464 Warford (formerly Margaret Seabrook) who had sailed the boat for several years.

6 Sandlapper She is now expecting and her husband has oughly enjoyed every article. taken the tiller. Your idea of reviewing the college My apologies and those of my source football teams in the state is an excellent for, as one irate Johns Islander put it, one. Wofford may not go undefeated "messing up a damned good story." during the coming season, but if our coaches and players are correct, we con1ing Les Dane should have a pleasant season. . Free-Lance Photo Journalist Wadmalaw Island, South Carolina Eddie Biggs, Director College Relations saWdlapper Spartanburg, South Carolina Dr. Milling's account of Bostick and November Thornley and their books was fascinating (I'd been waiting for it impatiently). Now I enjoyed Thomas Butler's article de­ can we have an account of the books scribing Carowinds in the August issue of published by the State Printing Company Sandlapper. As I have not yet visited the in the 1920s and '30s? Some of their park, I cannot question the accuracy of books from those years are still impor­ Mr. Butler's account. However, is he tant. unaware that North Carolina was at one Both the State publishing program and time a major gold-producing state? The that of Bostick and Thornley deserve to depletion of the mines and the beginning Coon Hunting be commemorated because, when money of the Western gold rushes crippled the was scarcer than it is today, they kept industry, according to my fading mem­ by Eddie Finlay. Article and photo alive the South Carolina tradition of ories of seventh-grade North Carolina essay on a colorful autumn sport. serious book publishing which the Uni­ history. In any case, there are still aban­ versity of South Carolina Press and Sand­ doned mines and ghost towns tucked lapper Press later inherited. away in the Carolina mountains! Perhaps gunfights do reflect the famil­ Robert T. King iar spirit of the Old West, bµt perhaps too Columbia, South Carolina few people know of this particular slice of Western Carolina heritage. Thank you, Congratulations are in order for the anyway, for a good article. Artist Jim Harrison ~ outstanding job that you and your associ­ by Gary C. Dickey. A former foot­ ates did on the June issue of Sandlapper. Miss Chancy McLean ball coach makes a big name I read it from cover to cover and thor- Jacksonville, North Carolina in the world of painting.

December

SERVICING THE DATA PROCESSING NEEDS OF DIVERSIFIED CLIENTS IN THE SOUTHEAST College Basketball Joe Petty predicts an exciting season for Carolina basketball. C January

' .... ,i,{"-t¥?-·. .. • I <....,J ' rolina 803=77!:1'7380 •.. ~, "'"""'-: Winter: A Photo Essay South Carolina's only computer service organization offering Edwin H. Stone captures the season on line invoicing, accounts receivable and inventory systems. as it creeps across the state.

October 1973 7 .. Fresh fr Because you I ive on the coast. An unbelievable clubhouse for you, Clam. Spanish Mackerel. Sail and your neighbors and guests. Swimming sword if you really want a challenge. pool. Tennis. Complete maintenance and At Briarcliffe West, you can sport on security. the last unspoiled shore left on the East In an area you couldn't pay the natives Coast. to leave. And what can you walk home to? Me­ Move into Briarcliffe West and you ticulously-appointed low-rise Garden won't leave, either. Condominiums. Nestled in ancient sea­ Off Highway 17 at Briarcliffe Acres. forests. In the golfing capital of the P.O. Box 2450, North Myrtle Beach, S.C. world ..Where the average temperatures 29582. Telephone (803) 272-6126. are mild the year 'round. r------I Mail to: Briarcilffe West Box2450 · I ' North'~_~ ;.S. C, ~82 I I I I I City Briarcliffe

~~~'i . ~ At home and on the go with sandlapper

eclectic" accentuates the fact that his of peacocks restaurant is an extension of his own personality. Cooking is not just his pro­ and lilies fession, it is his creative urge. His staff is Who Do You Have to Be? small, young and personally trained. Al­ though he pursued graduate studies in This issue of Sandlapper marks the restaurant management at Northeastern debut of a new feature-a monthly University in Boston, he is a self-taught column on the arts. Apparently it is cook whose gravitation to the French something which Sandlapper had been style seems so natural to him that he wanting to do for some time but had not cannot remember how or why he first for several reasons-among them the lack began to experiment with French cuisine. of a person who combined some writing He has had some problems in his skill, an interest in the arts, and the gamble on Continental cuisine in an area freedom to travel about the state which is which feels more comfortable with fried necessary to keep abreast of arts activi­ chicken than poulet la chapelle. One ties. Hopefully, if both the reading public dining out customer heaved a plate of fresh, crisp and the editor find what I say of any Simple, Comfortable and Eclectic French green beans at him, declaiming validity and interest, perhaps the column loudly that they were raw, and fit only will continue for some time. John Windham's Le Petit Chateau, for "horse fodder." On the other hand, A new column brings up the problem 4423 Devine St., Columbia, is that rarity some devotees of haute cuisine have of how does one begin. After giving it among restaurants: a place where waiters complained that Windham's food does some consideration I thought that it and chefs save their money to eat on days not fit into the traditional style they might be appropriate to devote the pre­ off. It is easy to see why. The decor is expect. All of this concerns Windham, miere column to some basics: areas to be simple, classic and comfortable, and the but does not change his approach. Bas­ covered in the column, things it will soft, understated music is more likely to ically he seems to believe that great attempt to do (and why), information be Monteverdi than Mantovani. Most im­ cuisine is not a matter of intricate Escof­ about the writer, etc. portant, the food is delicious and beauti­ fier sauces or traditional names on a First the title. Most people reading it fully prepared. menu, it is a means of preparing food that for the first time will either love it or hate Though his is nominally a French is self-expressive as well as delicious. it. But generally speaking I have found restaurant, Windham points out that he While Windham's prices are high and that few names-be they of a pet, book, does not strictly follow the traditions of his decor lovely, he insists that his restau­ film, paper or poem-sound absolutely haute cuisine. Rather, he prepares his rant is not a place only for the affluent. essentially right at first. But once one gets dishes in the "French style." The recipes Much of his business is young, like used to it, he wonders how he ever are his own, created after extensive study himself, and he refuses to enforce any considered any other alternative. of French and Continental recipes, ex­ sort of dress code that might keep people What does it mean? Well, in case you perimenting and synthesizing what he has away. For the owner of a French restau­ don't read John Ruskin, and few people learned with his own ideas. The menu, rant, with all that seems to imply to do these days, it comes from a very nice which changes about every two months, Americans, there is an informality and a thought of his that "some of the most usually includes 12 main courses, three simplicity about John Windham which he beautiful things in the world are also the soups and a variety of delectable desserts. expresses in the way he runs his "simple, most useless-peacocks and lilies for in­ Prices range from $5-10 for the main comfortable, eclectic," but very impres­ stance." Well, every column must have a courses, and Windham has an extensive sive restaurant. title, and when I was racking my brain list of some 75 wines to complement the trying to come up with something, I meal. H. Thome Comp ton is a teaching associ­ remembered that quote. Hummmmm, I John Windham's description of his ate in the English Department at the said. A lot of people consider the arts as restaurant as "simple, comfortable and University of South Carolina. rather a waste of time-nonpragmatic,

October 1973 9 nonfunctional. Not true, of course, but another opinion on a subject. It may not the whole thing seemed to fit together change one's opinion a whit, and there rather neatly, so the choice was made. may be no reason why it should. But it What areas will the column cover? does wrap another bit of perspective happenings Hopefully, just about everything which· about a subject, and that may or may not All activities to be considered for the editor will allow and which by any serve a critical purpose. On the other wild stretch of rationale can be called arts hand, it is hoped that reactions, thoughts, the Calendar of Events must be sent cum entertainment. A definitive defini· opinions and reflections shared might directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ tion of the arts is hard to pin down, but have some effect, therapeutic or critical, lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, here are some possibilities which might be on the state of our culture as it exists. Columbia, South Carolina 29202, the subject of future columns. Secondly, it might help others learn to no later than 45 days prior to the In 1920 H. L. Mencken, the American look at events from a critical viewpoint writer, editor and critic, wrote an essay with some aspect of self-examination of first of the month in which the called "The Sahara of the Bozart" in whether they liked or disliked something activity will occur. which he laments the deplorable lack of and why; and thirdly, it might help culture and artistic activity in the South. readers develop discrimination and under­ Hopefully, the next column (and perhaps standing of what they see, read and hear. cinema the next two) will be a sort of "Sahara of And finally the writer. There is a OCTOBER the Bozart Revisited" in which we ex­ favorite story about the famous artist 3 amine how far we have come in the who was having an exhibition of his work CH AR LES TON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium-Film "Siam" Presented by the Charleston Museum. 50-odd years since Mencken penned those and noticed a small boy studying his 23 pungent words. work very intently. The artist approached ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Byrnes Auditorium-''The I also felt that there is some validity in the boy and asked him what he thought Clowns," 7 p.m. devoting a column to an examination of of his work. The boy replied that he dance the question of how good we can ever didn't like it, whereupon the famous realistically expect the arts to be on a artist exploded in rage. "Do you know OCTOBER 8·10 regional level and what it would take for who I am?" he asked. "I am a famous HARTSVILLE-Coker College-Dance Workshop with Murray regional and state arts in this country to artist whose work is admired by millions Lewis Dance Company. 18 be as good as those in regional areas of of people. Who are you to say you don't SPARTANBURG-Converse College, Twichell Auditorium­ Europe. like my work?" The boy thought about it Performance by Edward Villella and Company, 8 p.m. 22 I also plan to devote a column, per­ for a moment and then asked sincerely, COLUMBIA-Township Auditorium-Performance by Bayani­ haps several, to the subject of theatre­ "Who do you have to be?" han Philippine Dance Company, Columbia Music Festival community, educational and the little The story serves only to illustrate a Artists Series, 8 p.m. professional theatre we have in the personal philosophy about criticism. It is lectures state-looking at each from an assessment simply the belief that anyone with some OCTOBER viewpoint, why some of it is good and opinions, some artistic judgment and dis­ 2 SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Junior College-Environmental why some of it is bad, and expressing crimination and the ability to express Concern with Biology Professor, Dr. L. H. Huff, 11 a.m. some thoughts on ways in which most of those opinions can write critically. Al­ 16 SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Junior College-Dr. Charlie it could be improved. though peer opinion is certainly im­ Shedd, Expert on Family Relationships, 11 a.m. Television is always an interesting sub­ portant, most books are written for 20 GREENVILLE-Bob Jones University-Lecture on Mozart by ject and is another topic to which we readers, not writers; plays are performed Dr. Eva Badura-skoda, Southeastern Chapter of the Ameri­ could devote some thoughts and com­ for the benefit of lay audiences, not can Musicological Society Meeting. 22 ments. Not only commercial television, degree-holding theatre majors or theatre DUE WEST-Erskine College-U. S. Senator J. Strom Thur­ but also PBS (the Public Broadcasting professionals; music should be performed mond, Convocation Speaker, 11 a.m. 24 Service) and the offerings of the S. C. for the enjoyment of nonmusicians who DUE WEST-Erskine College-Gen. William Westmoreland, ETV Network, would all be interesting range from those with a tin ear to those Convocation Speaker, 11 a.m. 25 column subjects. There are many other with perfect pitch, and so forth right on ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Recital Hall-Lecture by Dr. topics which I have penciled in as in­ through the arts. So let it be clearly Wayne Barlow, A Pioneer in the Composition of Con­ teresting possibilities about which I understood by any and all who might temporary Music, 8 p.m. would enjoy writing and hopefully you read this column: I am not an actor, a lllUSlC would find worthy of reading-things like director, musician or a painter of pic­ OCTOBER the role of the critic, dance in South tures. I am a layman who enjoys the arts 6, 13 GREENVILLE-Concert Center-Recital Series on Music of Carolina, theme parks and pleasure gar­ from a layman's viewpoint and who shall Mozart by Members of Bob Jones University Music dens a la Charles Towne Landing and write from that viewpoint alone. If you Faculty, 8 p.m. Carowinds, the outdoor dramas which should disagree with what I might say COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-Concert by Roger abound all about us, historic preservation about a subject, by all means send forth Drinkall, Cellist, 3:30 p.m. and our continuing tendency to knock your letters of rebuttal. I might disagree CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium Auditori­ um-Concert by Pianist Philippe Entremont, Presented by down buildings of historic and/or archi­ and stick to my guns, or decide upon the College of Charleston Community Series, 8 :30 p.m. tectural significance instead of trying to reflection that you are right-in which 9 adapt them for current use, and hope­ case I would change my mind. Good COLUMBIA-Dreher High School Auditorium-Concert by Columbia Philharmonic Orchestra, 8 p.m. fully a future column on the shame of letters which have some validity of ration­ 10 visual pollution and the way in which we SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Memorial Auditorium-Youth al disagreement the editors may even Concert by Spartanburg Symphony Orchestra, 1 O a.m. seem to be fascinated by the ugly as we publish-but please, no deluge of letters 11 continue to destroy and deface not only GREENWOOD-Lander College, Barksdale Physical Education demanding to know who this arts critic Center-Concert by Piedmont Chamber Orchestra with nature but also our environment. thinks he is. Violinist. Eric Friedman, 3 p.m. Exactly what purpose this column will I've already told you. I am simply a 15 SPARTANBURG-Converse College, Blackman Music Build­ play is also hard to put into a final and guy who likes the arts, writes a little and, ing-Artist-Faculty Recital with Soprano Janice Janiec, definitive statement. Since so few of us noticing that Sandlapper did not have an Clarinetist Lynn Stalmaker and Pianist Lera Borden, 8 p.m. DUE WEST-Erskine College-Concert by Lorraine Gorrell, are endowed with divine judgment, I arts column, asked to take a whack at Soprano, 8 p.m. think it is always interesting to hear it.-Buck Miller (Continued on page 67)

10 Sandlapper

t was the night of Jan. 31, 1836, swamps. He resented the brief state of This empty shell once housed according to the best records. The fires war Bulow had made against the U.S. Bulowville's sugar mill . Pro­ Ialong the Halifax River could be seen Army by attacking Putnam's company of duction and processing of sugar from St. Augustine. Maybe young John Mosquito Roarers at the gates to Bulow­ cane was the economic Bulow saw them from his prison cell ; if ville. basis for Bulow's Florida empire. he did, he suffered the anguish of watch­ Ironically, the destruction of Bulow­ ing, helpless from afar, the destruction of ville was a mistake: Bulow and the other -All photos by Edw in H. Stone his father's dream, his own personal settlers along the Halifax River had never empire, his fabulous barony-like planta­ approved of the Indians being sent to the Indians, thinking Bulow had betrayed tion Bulowville being put to the torch by reservations west of the Mississippi. They them, swarmed onto the plantation and the Seminoles in the wilderness 40 miles were friendly with them and permitted devastated it with fire. to the south. them to hide in the great swamps of the "Gott soil huten Savages!" the Baron Maj. B. A. Putnam, however, may plantations when U.S. Army scouting Joachim von Bulow, grandfather of have smiled to himself as the fires raged parties came by. When young John Bulow young John, might have roared had he on the distant horizon. Although his resisted Putnam's search of his property risen from his grave in St. Paul's church­ business was fighting Indians, the rever­ he was placed in irons, and Putnam's yard in the Newberry District of South beration of young John Bulow's four­ troops occupied Bulowville, turning it Carolina. The Rev. Joachim Bulow (the pounder cannon was still strong in his into an outpost from which unsuccessful Americanization of his Prussian title ears. He did not like being fired on by a raids on the Seminoles were made. Even­ name) is reported to have been sent by fancy young homesteader. He was sensi­ tually, in defeat, Putnam vacated the the Elect of Wiirtemburg to aid in the tive about his failure to capture the plantation and, with Bulow his only establishment of the Lutheran Church in Indians that were hiding in the plantation captive, returned to St. Augustine. But the Carolinas sometime during the middle

12 Sandlapper of the 18th century. Surprisingly little is known about the Rev. Bulow during his early years in America. Lutheran histo­ rians refer to him as a mystery man in the early history of the church. So few documented facts exist regarding his evangelical life that it is hard to sum­ marize it in any chronological order. We know that he established a church in the Newberry District near Pomaria in 1765. A document showing the qualification of a man for ministerial work is signed: "Rev. Joachim Bulow, Missionary and Inspector of South and North Carolina." But Lutheran authorities have no knowl­ edge of that title in the history of the church. If Bulow established it himself, it is indeed more flattering than the title given him by the author of another document, which tells of an action by "The Rev. Joachim Bulow, former store clerk turned preacher." It is known that some fruit from his evangelistic seed developed in the Up-Country districts above the Congaree where dubious joint credit is given him in the establishment of several congregations between the years 1752 and 1764. One of the Rev. Bulow's activities during this early period leaves no doubt about success. His endeavor in private business ventures greatly outstepped his evangelical efforts. His personal achieve­ ments grew rapidly, and his vision and interpretive knowledge of economic situ­ ations enabled him to establish a large personal empire, allowing him to live in the luxury he had been accustomed to in Prussia. He acquired large tracts of land in the Up Country and nourished them into thriving plantations, built a mill on Bush River and hoarded enormous stocks of foodstuff and other materials which he later supplied to the Army of the Revolu­ tion under Gen. Sumter at a great profit. Little is recorded about Rev. Bulow in the Newberry District after the Revolu­ tion, and the time of his removal to Charleston is not clear; he moved to Charleston sometime after the war and established himself as a merchant in that city. Records attest to his success there by the addition of Low-Country planta­ tions and business properties to his al­ ready extensive holdings in the Up Coun­ try. Somewhere along the line he seems to have dropped the title of reverend; all Charleston records refer to him as "Joachim Bulow, Merchant." Bulow and his wife Amelia had a daughter, Ann Elizabeth, and a son, Charles Wilhelm, who was reportedly born in Charleston. They also had an elder son, John Joachim Bulow, who came to Charleston from Newberry in 1795. The mystery surrounding the Rev. Bulow's arrival and early years in America

October 1973 13 also envelops his departure. It is quite added immensely to it. Judging from the The War of 1812 had been a war of possible that the age and the date of dispositions of the wills of all of the assurance. It proved that England was death of the Baron-Reverend-Planter­ Bulows, he was the wealthiest one. His finished in America and that the United Merchant Bulow is recorded in the ar­ will dictated the disposition of over 5,000 States could maintain its independence. chives of some family documents that are acres of land in the Newberry, Greenville The independence, however, was political not readily available to researchers and Spartanburg districts. These consisted only: Economically, the states still relied through public channels. His daughter mostly of numerous bequests of 200-acre on Europe-;!specially England-for man­ Ann Elizabeth married Robert Geddes of tracts along various waterways, including ufactured goods. Americans showed no Charleston in July 1798, and an existing Crims, Maple, Guilders and Reedy creeks ambition to industrialize so long as for­ record of that nuptial calls her "the and the Bush, Broad and Enoree rivers, to eign countries supplied them with low­ daughter of Joachim Bulow, deceased," name a few. cost, tariff-free merchandise. As 1820 so his death predates the marriage. From At Charleston he acquired large tracts approached, congress began to do some­ his will a closer approximation is possible. of land totaling 3,331 acres-including a thing about that situation and Charles He signed his will on June 9, 1795, and magnificent plantation called Savannah in Bulow was quick to recognize a unique the executors were qualified by a civic St. Andrews Parish, which he purchased business possibility that the impending official on July 24, 1795, so it can be from James Ladson at "great expense." enactment of two separate pieces of assumed that his death occurred between Part of this extensive acreage which pro­ legislation would create. Whether or not those dates. His burial site is also shaded duced rich harvests of cotton and crops he had previously dreamed of expanding with mystery. A statement by a descend­ native to the Carolina coast contained a his personal empire into Florida is irrele­ ant, William Bulow Campbell, in the early secret wealth: Not to be discovered until vant; the stiff tariff congress was placing 20th century indicates he was buried in the latter part of the 19th century was a on foreign sugar and the acquisition of St. Paul's churchyard near Pomaria, but large strata of valuable phosphate rock Spanish Florida as a U.S. territory set the the grave site is not known. His will does lying beneath the fertile fields. This hid­ scene. A sugar plantation complete with a not specify a burial place, although it den mineral deposit was to become, sugar mill in the Florida Territory would gives detailed instructions regarding the around the turn of the century, the rich not be subject to the imposing tariff. An funeral. He generously instructs that all Bulow Mines. Bulow's will also disposed unlimited expanse of lush green land with of a fine house at King and Cannon a population density of less than two streets, 16 lots and assorted buildings persons per square mile was cheap, and throughout the city, a summer house on the Harrison Land Law of 1800 which Sullivans Island and several large bequests permitted frontier land to be purchased of cash and securities. for as little as one-quarter down and the This elder son of the old Baron Bulow remainder in three deferred payments was also a solid citizen who served his added support to the venture. community in daily life and his country Undoubtedly, Charles Bulow gained as opportunity presented itself, both civic some insight on the subject of wilderness and military. He was a major in the War settlements from the experiences of of 1812. In 1832 he was a representative Richard Oswald. Oswald, an English from the Charleston Union Party in Wash­ agent, had been appointed by King ington when John C. Calhoun was testing George III to meet with Ben Franklin, the doctrine of nullification. John Jay, John Adams and South Caro­ John Joachim died June 23, 1841, at lina's Henry Laurens in Paris after the age 76, having buried one son, John Revolution to draft the treaty that ended Joachim Jr., in June 1822 and his wife English involvement in America. A St. Paul's Lutheran Church in Pomaria, Caroline Amelia in October 1827. His favored gentleman in the king's court, founded by the Rev. Joachim Bulow. daughter, Caroline Amelia Seabrook Oswald had acquired a large tract of land (names were well used in the Bulow in eastern Florida while Florida was mourning dress worn by family and cer­ family), wife of Col. E. M. Seabrook, English territory and attempted to estab­ tain friends be paid for from his cash survived her father by only five years. All lish plantations there before the Revolu­ assets and that each adult slave be sup­ are buried in the Bulow family plot in the tion. Much of his property lay in the area plied with mourning dress for the oc­ cemetery at the Cathedral Church of St. between the Halifax and the Tomoka casion. Always the careful businessman, Luke and St. Paul in Radcliffeborough, rivers, an area that had been originally he instructs that he be "buried in a Charleston. Thomas Lehre Bulow, an­ mapped by the young Spanish cartogra­ Christian-like and decent manner, but other son, survived his father and received pher Mexia in 1615. Oswald's plantations without extravagant expense." the bulk of his Low-Country estate. flourished for a while under the care of Creating great fortunes seems to have Charles Wilhelm Bulow, second son of good Scots overseers, but Oswald himself been inherent with the Bulows. John the Rev. Bulow, was reportedly born in rarely saw the place, preferring the gayer Joachim Bulow, elder son of the Rev. Charleston about 1779, but proof of a social life of Charleston. Bulow, came to Charleston in 1795, Charleston birth is not available. Like his Other gestures at settling the Halifax possibly to claim his inheritance from his father and brother, he was a merchant lands were made prior to Bulow's ven­ father's estate. He apparently established and planter. Charles Wilhelm lived with ture. A plantation called Carrickfergus himself as a merchant in the business his wife Abigaile and daughter Emily Ann was established by an Irishman, John founded by his father. Records indicate (who later married William Gadat Buch­ Ad dish; Damietta Plantation was founded that he resided in the Radcliffeborough ner of New York City) in a fine house on farther to the north by Capt. James area of the city during the latter part of Meeting Street just prior to his Florida Ormond. John Russell, a former Loyalist his life. venture. His son, (another) John Joachim from South Carolina who had removed to John Joachim was a wealthy man in Bulow, was soon to take up residency in the Bahamas at the outbreak of the his own right before his inheritance. His Paris for the duration of his formal Revolution, arrived in eastern Florida on holdings in the uplands of South Carolina education. Charles Wilhelm possessed his June 8, 1812, and took possession of had been large, and the addition of his father's attribute of foresight and analyt­ 2,500 acres of land on the Halifax. His portion of his father's upstate properties ical thinking in business matters. Spanish grant states that he exchanged

14 Sandlapper the 53-ton schooner Persurvarence for the acreage. The extent of development done by Russell is not known, but his efforts in the wilderness may have contributed to his death three years later. Charles Bulow bought the tract from Russell's heirs in 1820 and combined it with other pur­ chases into a 6,000-acre plantation which he named Bulowville. The transfer of 300 slaves from Bu­ low's Carolina plantations was the start of the enormous job of carving several thousand acres from the Florida wilder­ ness. He cleared 1,500 acres for sugar cane, 1,000 acres for cotton and other acreage for miscellaneous support crops. The coordination of all aspects of the project was a monumental task. The gift of wealth no doubt eased many pressures in the transfer of available farm equip­ ment from Carolina holdings, the delivery of sugar mill machinery from the West Point factory and the shipping of cast­ iron kettles from Scotland's noted Carran Foundry. The purchase of a sawmill and the newly developed Hogden-Holmes cotton gin that had replaced Whitney's less efficient model and countless small farm tools had to be attended to. An­ other major task was the on-site construc­ tion of buildings from timber and co­ quina rock and the recruiting of skilled craftsmen in all trades: carpenters, masons and millwrights for the mills; plasterers, ironsmiths and decorators for the finishing work on the fabulous man­ sion, Bulow Villa. Transportation was a large factor to be reckoned with: Ships had to be chartered to transport men and materials from Charleston and other points of departure to 29 degrees north latitude-the mouth of the Halifax where, as John James Audubon described it, "an inland arm of the sea extends to the door of Bulowville." Getting things done was a Bulow attribute. The beginning of the second year at Bulowville found the plantation well established. The fields were fertile and production was spontaneous. The farm was alive with activity. The slaves in the fields sang in rhythm to the tempo of their task like gandy dancers. Steam engines chugged at the sawmill and Bulow built a fine town house in St. Augustine which became the family center when, as was typical also of Carolina, the heat of midsummer made the move to the city traditional. Gfhe Old South. A time and place Bulowville's third year was memorable where hospitality was a way of life. for several reasons. The export of raw and finished products had begun and was This is the spirit of Rebel Yell. Sold profitable. The boat slip was enlarged to only below the Mason-Dixon line. accommodate larger vessels. The barom­ eter of success rose steadily, but in his third year in the wilderness Charles Wil­ helm Bulow, like James Russell before REBEL YELL him, died. Young John Joachim Bulow, grandson ~'B()8t;Gfuor6on. qf ~ Sooth. of the Rev. Bulow, returned from Paris

October 1973 Stitzel-Weller Distillery. Louisville, Kentuc ky. 90 Proof Kentucky Straight Bourbon. soon after his father was laid to rest in built of cemented wine and ale bottles Wild Cat-a staunch follower of Osce­ the Huguenot Cemetery in St. Augustine. where Bulow had kept his personal bark ola-possibly obtained many supplies for The environment of Paris had added tied up. Visitors there during the planta­ the warring faction from that source. maturity to his already well-balanced tion's heyday told of extended trips There is reason to believe that slave 14-year development, and he immediately down the Halifax and the Indian rivers traffic existed between the Seminoles and assumed charge of Bulowville, which with the bark propelled by a group of the planters. It is a fact that slaves who would not become his legally until seven powerful slaves manning the long oars. ran away from Georgia and South Caro­ years later, upon his 21st birthday. The These trips sometimes reached into the lina plantations seeking refuge with the enterprise in the wilderness thrived, blue and green waters of tropical south­ Florida Indians frequently showed up on and-in traditional Bulow fashion-he ern Florida where orchids and tropical plantations in the Florida Territory. To directed its continued growth and pros­ fruits were gathered and brought back to escape successfully from one slave master perity with skill and foresight. decorate and supplement a feast at Bulow in Carolina and reach the supposed safety Young John's Paris sojourn had gloss­ Villa. If shooting was a guest's pleasure, of the Indian lands only to be sold by ed the debonair young man with a taste hunts were arranged for deer, bear and them to Florida slave masters for rifles for finery and extravagance even greater alligator in the game-filled forest, led by and axes must have been a most discon­ than his family name and wealth had local Indian guides. certing situation. given him. Bulow Villa, often graced with Communication between the U.S. the charms of his mother and his sister government and the Seminoles had al­ Emily Ann, became a meeting place for a most completely broken down by 1835. select group of prominent and elite per­ President Jackson, unlike the Indian sonages from America, France and Spain fighter he had been during the first phase with whom he had consorted while in of the Indian war, wrote condescending school and on frequent trips abroad. letters, addressing the Indians as "my When on a journey to America, the children" and knuckle-slapping them for European aristocracy felt that a visit to not supporting the treaties made by their St. Augustine was always in order and, by representatives regarding their transfer to boat or by coach down the old Camino the territory west of the Mississippi. Real, made a visit to Bulow's fabulous Osceola, the giant, self-appointed leader wilderness empire. of the rebel faction, ruled many of his Throughout the ensuing years the horn followers through threat and force. Many of plenty steadily spilled its bounty on Seminoles were ready to move to the the capital of luxurious living on the west, but, being fearful of Osceola's Halifax: Dining on Staffordshire in the promise to kill any who yielded to the great house was the pleasure of many; westward movement, they did not. Some basking in semitropical tranquility on Indians chose to align with Osceola and open verandahs by day, lounging on fight. Others chose to do neither but brocade and sipping the finest French proceeded far into south Florida and the wines and rum cordials was enjoyed on isolation of the Everglades. Some made long winter evenings while soft conversa­ Charles Wilhelm Bulow, their way to the south coast where tion, frequently in a foreign tongue, founder of Bulowville. passage was provided by enterprising spoke of the latest fashions in Paris, the privateers from Key Biscayne (an old possibility of coffee culture in Florida slave escape route) to the Bahamas. To­ and President Jackson's chances of reelec­ day descendants of these Indians are tion after his stand in the Peggy Eaton The Indian wars in Florida spanned strongly in evidence on Andros Island. scandal. the entire existence of Bulowville. They Osceola, arrogant and noncompromis­ Always the host of hosts, young John were long, drawn-out affairs with much ing, was feared by both Indians and Bulow's hospitality extended overnight badgering, parleying and many councils settlers. Hundreds of Indians seeking stays into days and weeks. John James between the chiefs under Osceola's lead­ peace-but fearful of the fanatic hate that Audubon in 1831, while waiting in St. ership, the ministers of Indian Affairs and possessed Osceola-secretly slipped to Augustine for a schooner to carry him to constituents of the U.S. Army. This Ft. Brooke at Tampa Bay and surrender­ Key West, visited Bulowville to see a situation led, in tum, to threats, am­ ed to the army. Ruthless and cunning, sugar mill. His French background on the bushes and sporadic raids, none of which their war chief demanded that his wish be island of Haiti and his naturalist vocation ever really settled anything. Relationships the wish of all red men. The marble slab so intrigued Bulow that Audubon'dnitial between the settlers along the Halifax and over his remains at Ft. Moultrie, South visit was projected into several weeks and various Indian bands that circulated Carolina, reads: "Osceola, Patriot and he did a number of basic bird paintings through the timberland of central Florida Warrior," and much sentiment is attract­ while there. It is from Audubon's writings were guardedly friendly. The groups, al­ ed by the "flag of truce" incident involv­ that much about the life at Bulowville at ways on the move, generally considered ing his final capture. Little consideration that time is known. Audubon had an the planters a convenience rather than a seems to be given to the fact that the extreme dislike for the geographical fea­ threat to their security. They frequently treachery of that act was equaled by tures of the area, but the fabulous habitat traded fresh meat, skins and herbs to the several noted acts of treachery committed situated therein was, to him, beyond plantation owners for gunpowder, rum by the hate-driven Indian in prior years. description. and iron tools. King Phillip, the half­ The picture of solemn dignity Osceola A highlight of a Bulowville visit for the breed son of a Spanish duke, was a very displayed when in irons in prison, the hardy was an excursion in young John's old chief who frequented the swamps of soft-voiced oratory on his readiness to die long river bark. Reports by early 20th­ Bulowville and Dunlawton plantations on for the sake of his people, was not century explorers of the site of Bulow­ an almost permanent basis and influenced present when in the wilds of his domain. ville (now a Florida State Historical the warring Indians to respect the sanctu­ In lieu of dying for his people's wishes, he Memorial) tell of a quay on the Halifax ary that the plantations provided. His son would quickly put a bullet through the

16 Sandlapper

heart of any Indian who dared to act against his decree and scornfully forbid anyone to bury the body, leaving it for the buzzards to scatter the bones on the palmetto-scrub prairies. The Bulow sanctuary was known to Gen. Clinch, who had concentrated his forces in the central part of the territory around Ft. King and to the south in Big Dawhoo Swamp. Now, due to increased Indian hostilities on the east coast, Maj. B. A. Putnam was dispatched in Decem­ ber 1835 to the Halifax, with orders to clean out the Indian refuge there. Young John Bulow resisted the invasion of his plantation with feeling that may have involved either his sense of justice on behalf of the Indians or on behalf of the sovereignty of the empire built by Bulow ingenuity and with Bulow money-or both. Putnam's column was greeted at Bulowville by the plantation cannon, a fourpounder which was fired when Bu­ low's order not to enter his property was disregarded. Through the smoke and dust, Putnam's Mosquito Roarers swarmed in, seizing Bulow and his aides and taking command of the entire plantation. Fear­ ing an attack by the Indians, fortification breastworks of baled cotton and piles of bagasse were hastily built. A flag was hoisted and the plantation became Camp Bulow. The plantation resources were turned to the use of Putnam's troops. Bulow was a prisoner in his own Bulow Villa and was not allowed to eat at his own table. His boats were pressed into service for moving troops along the Hali­ fax, the Tomoka and Pelicers Creek, and planters from surrounding plantations were corralled at Ft. Bulow in protective custody. Putnam's effort to capture the Indians in the area was a failure, and in late January 1836, with yellow fever spread­ ing among his troops, he evacuated the plantation. With Bulow his only prisoner and the men, women and children from surrounding plantations, he retreated to St. Augustine. The Indians, thinking they had been betrayed by the planters, reas­ sembled and laid waste to the plantations. They burned all of the mills and build­ ings, destroyed or carried away the stores and provisions and drove away the cattle. John Bulow, eventually freed from prison, viewed the destruction of his empire with resignation. Though still a young man he did not muster the spirit to rebuild: "Let the dynasty die!" he might have thought. He closed the remainder of his business in America and returned to his beloved Paris, where he died less than a year later, unmarried, before his 27 birthday. The old Camino Real still leads curious travelers to the site of Bulowville. Now deserted, this was once one of America's busiest highways. Edwin Stone is a photographer and free­ lance writer from Charleston.

18 Sandlapper

Wheel Estate Mansion or Millstone? By Tom Hamrick

pwards of 40,000 South Carolinians of Ft. Jackson and the naval-air com­ last year kissed the suburban bunga­ plexes in Charleston reportedly reside in Ulow good-bye and moved, house cat metal housing which they purchased and baggage, into mobile homes. either new or secondhand. As a result, some have never been To set the record straight, let's not happier in their lives. For a total cost as confuse the mobile home with the be­ low as $6,000, minus taxes, they bought hind-the-family-car trailer of times past. new and fully furnished modern con­ The latter, too, are enjoying new sales venience quarters which they brag can be records, but the pair have as little in swept and waxed in less time than the common as a St. Bernard and a kitten. average housewife spends watching two By definition, from the authority of soap operas. the Mobile Homes Manufacturers Associa­ But from others you get a different tion in Chicago, "A mobile home is fully story. "Let me out, brother," wailed a and completely a home for comfortable Columbian. "The best offer I've had for year-round living. It is built in its entirety my $7,500 mistake is $4,500, after living m a tactory by specialists. Once com­ in it less than a year. I can't even get the pleted it is then transported to the front or back door to close properly in homesite where it will be connected to this damned aluminum cage. Tell any­ the necessary utilities. body who'll listen it is like going to jail "The mobile home has a structural for a crime you didn't commit." frame or chassis, wheels, and brakes, just Across the United States the sale of like today's travel trailers from which the mobile homes is booming as never before, mobile home evolved-but there the rela­ and the market grows larger every day. tionship ceases." Retail sales soar above $3 million annual­ The weightier, more spacious mobile ly. Business is no less handsome in Pal­ home is impossible to lug behind the metto country. Overall, some 100,000 largest family sedan being assembled in persons now live in rolling realty in South Detroit these days. It is meant to remain Carolina, and mobile home sales agencies precisely where you first place it; it are springing up across the state like so weighs, on the average, approximately many lemonade stands. Four cities in the nine tons. long mobile home. state account for almost two-thirds of all Should you buy a mobile home? There "It is also no place for a slob," mobile home sales in South Carolina, are so many pros and cons to purchasing injected a Myrtle Beach mother of two. according to statistics released by the one and setting up housekeeping that the "Everything has to be in its place, but the Manufactured Housing Institute located shoe could not possibly fit everyone. four of us don't find it cramped at all. in West Columbia. Columbia, Charleston, "I don't envy a soul because I think Who needs a $20,000 house just to live, Greenville and Florence each boast some we've got precisely what we want," en­ eat and sleep in?" 2,000 mobile home sales annually. thused the bright-eyed blonde wife of an But a Charleston widow, after she had A brief 10 years ago the state's mobile airman. "Jack is 10 minutes from the initiated plans to buy a $10,000 mobile home dealers were pleased to report base, our payments are less than rent, and home because she felt her two-story 1,200 sales in a single year. This was a this thing almost keeps itself clean. It's residence too big for her loneliness fol­ slim drop in the business bucket com­ wonderful in summer and great in win­ lowing her husband's death, found still pared to the 12,800 sales totals evidenced ter," she claims regarding fuel bills. another consideration. "I had to give her last year-and it appears the market will Other ardent advocates rave about money back because she couldn't find increase in months to come. mobile home features such as low cost, anywhere to put it that she wanted to The mobile home offers special appeal convenience, minimum upkeep and the live," the dealer reported sadly. to newly-marrieds, retirees, armed forces fact that it can be moved just about The problem of where to put a newly families and swinging bachelors. Its de­ anywhere in the world you can afford to purchased mobile home is perhaps the mand is particularly great near military have it transported. But the fellow who greatest one facing the prospective buyer bases, which are eternally plagued with appreciates leg room can't expect to find today. Many attractive residential areas insufficient housing. As many as five per much comfort in the relative confinement have zoning restrictions prohibiting cent of the military families in the areas of the typical 12-foot-wide by 65-foot- mobile homes. Mobile home parks, of

20 Sandlapper ' • 1-·l..·.~· . .,,, •, "' .. ,, .. ~

Oh, My God, they put a damn house trailer next door • • •

which South Carolina now has more than public relations office insists that the A poster found on a real estate 15,000, require special zoning ordinances. potential purchaser should "check your agent's billboard points They range from svelt panoramas com­ own locality .... Don't buy until you up the unfortunate prejudice plete with playground, pool and golf know the local restrictions . ... Be sure to of many who feel that any­ course to crowded, ugly, shiny-topped see all the mobile home residential availa­ thing is superior to a "trailer." slums where rent is often exorbitant for bilities [sites] before making your de­ value received. Zoning restrictions have cision." You may be prohibited from from town. become so stringent almost everywhere placing it on your own property. In Charleston, where perhaps 10,000 that mobile home colonies are often In other words, first find out-before or more residents tenant mobile homes, forced to distant suburbs "where the only you buy-if your community's zoning the Evening Post only recently went on place you see street lights is on tele­ regulations are going to force you onto a record against "relaxing zoning laws in vision," one owner complained. postage stamp of unsightly property so order to permit the accommodation of The prospective purchaser of a mobile close to your next door neighbor that the mobile homes in areas hitherto declared home must be forewarned that his antici­ two of you can shake hands out of your off limits." The newspaper editorially pated purchase would wisely come in two respective kitchen windows. urged the county government not to be steps: Frankly, and it incenses the mobile "sweet-talked by mobile home dwellers 1) Find the site. home sales people even to talk about it, or fast-talked by flacks for the mobile 2) Buy the mobile home. zoning restrictions on rubber-tired realty home business into letting down barriers Never, never reverse the procedure. are becoming tighter almost everywhere. specifically erected to preserve values in Take the word of the Mobile Homes In many communities zoning laws are neighborhoods where conventional con­ Manufacturers Association for that sage forcing thousands of mobile home owners struction is now the order of the day." advice. The agency's genuinely frank to move into cheerless courts a long ride Some mobile home sales agencies con-

October 1973 21 II= WI WIRIN'T A PART 01= SOUTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA WOULDN'T BE A PART 01= OUR NAME. South Carolina. Our state. Our people. South Carolina National's. Because we cover them with over 90 offices from the mountains in the west to the seashore in the east Money is our business. But South Carolina is our business place. And the way we figure it, helping people who live here live better is part of our business, too. Above all else, an exclusive ~r.

Jaguar XJ12.

The Jaguar XJ 12 is the only sedan in the world cede the editor has several valid points in Furniture is not the best or worst but powered by a V-12 engine. And it has the styling elegance associated with his favor. "I wouldn't want a mobile is ample for the space allotted. The fellow only one car maker in the world: Jaguar. home stuck in the middle of my suburb," who enjoys playing neighborhood host is The V- 12 engine, from an engineering stand­ point, is in perfect balance. It delivers such smooth admits a Charleston dealer who lives in a going to have a lot of his friends sitting perfo rmance th at it can only be compared to a turbine. wooden house which doesn't have wheels. on the floor. Even an extra hassock can And the XJ sedan incorporates equally sophis­ But he does argue that attractive mobile be too much for some wheel estate. ticated engineering features: Independent suspen­ sion fron t and rear wi th "anti-dive" control. Power­ home sites should be more conveniently Overall, much of the furniture appears assisted rack and pi nion steering. Power-assisted located, instead of "always relegated to pretty-but flimsy . "Wouldn't stand too disc brakes on all four wheels. The XJI 2 is complete wi th air conditioning, the boonies," as another dealer lamented. much jumping" one shopper observed. automatic transmission, power windows, Sites available in South Carolina run Mobile homes come in three styles, tinted glass, heated rear window, radial­ ply tires and chrome turbo-disc wh eels. the gamut from good living to the equiva­ with differing price tags. The run-of-the­ We invi te you to examine this ex­ lent of the ghetto. Some of the former mill is modeled for the railway car and clusive motor car in our showroom. are heavily treed, with golf and swimming costs from $6,000 to $10,000. Its com­ nearby and grass and flowers everywhere. petitors are the expandables and the Many have their own hard-nosed zoning "double-wides," both enjoying increasing­ restrictions, stipulating minimum yard ly greater sales. Expand-Os come with a The Sports Car People space per home. At the other extreme are telescoped inclusion, located most fre­ cubicles of high-rent ground, pinned to quently in the living room. On arrival at 584 KING ST. Charleston, S.C. 577-4060 busy and noisy highways where natural the permanent site, the expansion is "" greenery is rare. extracted to add some additional eight Nowhere is rent as reasonable as you feet to the width of the living space. ENJOY A GREENVILLE might think. Dwellers in mobile home Prices vary from $8,000 to $12,000. The communities which boast a kinship to double-wides are the bungalows on MINI-VACATION country club living pay up to $100 a wheels mentioned earlier, designed to month or more for site rental, not includ­ please the individual who wants his four ing utilities. A generalized minimum walls to be farther apart. Cost is from ranges from $30 a month for circum­ $10,000 to $20,000. stances far less plush-without water, As with virtually everything you buy power or sewerage. these days, the purchase of a mobile ONE NITE TWO NITES The basic price of a mobile home home can lead to no end of optional incorporates everything from the plastic features, such as a washer, dryer and air $13 $24 roses on the living room coffee table to conditioner. Some mobile homes come the springs in the master's bed. For the complete with an aluminum front porch. ~;~ most part, the interior is brightly decorat­ The sales figure does not incorporate -ll.ES~URANT ed by experts who know how to achieve the cost of mounting the home on con­ maximum attractiveness for minimum crete, or tying it into water, power and dollars. They do a grand job of it. sewerage systems. Don't be too startled if ~ Price tags can range upward from these extras add up to another thousand Lots to see and do! $6,000, less taxes, to some $20,000 for a dollars. One low price Friday and Sat ur; .. - two-part bungalow type residence which Please note that air conditioning is not day only, for Mom, Dad and 2 is mated at the middle on site and belies included in many, if not most, models. kids. Enjoy cool scenic moun­ what it really is. At a distance, it appears Come the Fourth of July, you 're going to tains, park s, golf, museu ms, res­ to be a bright, aluminum paneled home need a cooling system; a mobile home taurants, night clubs, shopp ing for five or six people, just a bit on the becomes a furnace in its absence. If your facilities, and other points of in­ squatty side. home is small enough, however, one terest minutes from the motel. The homes include a modern, built-in window unit might be sufficient, but ... And Feast At Our Buffet kitchen with range and refrigerator, a there is a possibility that one room will Featuring Count ry Kitchen Cookin ' separate dining room or dinette area, an freeze while another at the far end of the Evenings $ 2.95 - Sundays $2.50 economy-appointed living room, one or liome will simmer. two bathrooms, custom-designed cab­ There are other important extras many Phone 233-4651 inetry and closets and an automatic heat­ new purchasers miss in the rash of buy­ 291 By-Pass ing system and water heater. A model ing: a porch, stairs, maybe a back porch, Across from Textile Hall may or may not come carpeted. too. Because storage space is at a premi-

October 1973 23 um, many tenants will soon need to add about as good as new," said a pleased when they think about it. They are an aluminum back building. For such a North Charleston owner. "Not a leak. It's acutely concerned that, with the next I structure, add another $150 (with do-it­ as tight as a drum, and I've never had to major hurricane or tornado, some mobile yourself labor). buy a coat of paint. I'd call mine just home villages in the state could become Once you've made your decision to about maintenance-free." launching platforms for aluminum projec­ •~' buy, prepare to retain your .purchase-or But a federal study undertaken in tiles which haven't been adequately sell at a rather fantastic loss during the 1968 found wide exceptions. "The floors anchored. For example, a tornado in first couple of years of occupancy. of most units over two years old were in 1972 tore through two mobile home "Depreciation is one-half [ the cost] or unsatisfactory condition, either from parks in Alabama, injuring 80 persons­ more within a three-to-five-year period," heavy traffic or a high concentration of and killing five. Violent gusts ripped the admits Frederick Harroun, assistant direc­ furniture or from inferior adhesives or homes from their concrete resting points tor for public relations for the Mobile workmanship," the study reported. and tossed them around like baby blocks, Homes Manufacturers Association. Counter-argument from another coast­ with their human cargoes inside. Another major expense is moving al resident: "I hear about how they creak Any mobile home owner who neglects costs, which can be astronomical when and groan all the time. How come I never to take adequate precautions against high you're paying the tab. Chances are, when hear it in my own home? I've never found wind is guilty of sheer stupidity, warns you buy your mobile home, the dealer any place as quiet." the insurance industry. These specialists will move it free to whatever site you The difference unquestionably lies in insist that the mobile home can be made select. Some are willing to pull one even varying labor and material standards as safe and secure as any other home if it into the deep backwoods for you, making which the mobile home association is is strapped down with cable overhead ties a trail as the caravan moves along. Many now trying to upgrade and standardize. and rooted professionally to a firm con­ dealers will underwrite on-sale transporta­ The industry argues simply that 7 crete foundation. Anything less than this, tion costs for distances as great as 100 million people (the mobile home popula­ caution the insurance companies, is ask­ miles. Later, if you plan to shift your tion in the United States) can't be wrong. ing for trouble. rolling home from Point A to Point B, Where else, comes further debate, can And so back to the question: Is a perhaps 500 miles away, expect the tab you find a fully furnished housing unit mobile home for you? to run into a sheaf of hundred dollar bills. for an average $9.07 per square foot? By Could be. At any rate, one is probably Special equipment and trained personnel comparison, the standard house-without considerably more comfortable than a will be required to accomplish the task. a stick of furniture or a curtain-adds up castle in Spain. Some faraway castles Keep in mind that the average mobile to $17 a square foot, the manufacturers don't even have decent plumbing, you home weighs close to nine tons. remind you. know. How well do they wear over the years? There is one danger about the mobile Again, you run into argument. home which is being generally ignored in Lt. Col. USA (Ret.) Tom Hamrick is a "I've had mine eight years and it's South Carolina, and safety experts shiver free-lance writer from Mount Pleasant.

24 Sandlapper By C.W. Kilbey Sports

ALONG THE CAROLINA COAST FISHERMAN EAGERLY AWAIT OCTOBER, THE BEGINNING OF THE SEASON FOR

-Photo by Pete Laurie

e usually think of the word "spot" impaled on very small hooks. as meaning a mark or stain, often on The Lee Galloway family of Aiken Wour best suit of clothes. Along the often go to Fripp Island, near Charleston, Atlantic coast, however-particularly in to fish . Experienced saltwater fisherfolk, the Carolinas-the word means but one they headed for that island last February, thing: a small grayish-silver fish that bears knowing that spots are to be found then on each shoulder the round yellow dot usually around and beneath the docks from which it gets the name of "spot." along the island's waterfront. Using ultra­ You can catch spots while fishing from light tackle, tiny hooks and bits of piers, casting into surf or bay and allow­ shrimp, they quietly fished the docks at use of muscles attached to or over the air ing the bait to lie on the bottom, or the marina and, on the first day, found bladder. When it wishes to produce the fishing from still boats; spots are also they had taken 148 spots. Fishing the typical sound, the spot contracts and found prowling in search of food in second day was not quite so productive; expands these muscles at a fairly rapid coastal creeks and rivers. The spot is the three Galloways took only 100 of the rate. This causes the thin walls of the air often the first fish ever caught by young­ little fighters. bladder to vibrate and act as resonators to sters who grow up along the coast of The Galloway recipe for cooking spots intensify the grunts or croaks thus pro­ South Carolina. But the fish is eagerly is simple, because the fish itself is so tasty duced. sought by experienced fishers as well as that it doesn't need any "fancy fixin's." In his very complete and comprehen­ beginners, for the spots' small size is Just scale and clean it, roll it in cornmeal sible Field Book of Marine Fishes of the compensated for by their delicate and and fry in butter or margarine until Atlantic Coast, Charles M. Breder Jr. delicious flavor, making them a preferred delicately browned, the Galloways sug­ states: "The spot occurs from Cape Cod entree for a fish dinner. gest. to Texas. The spot is very variable in Those who catch spots seldom brag The spot is a member of the croaker numbers from year to year, sometimes about the size of the fish caught, but they family, the channel bass or red fish and being so abundant as to cause incon­ can often brag about the number caught the drum being among its larger cousins. venience to pumping plants. The most in a single day. While the spot seldom Since fish lack vocal chords, the noises recent appearance in great numbers in the reaches a pound in weight, on light tackle they produce are made in several differ­ latitude of New York was in 1925 when it will put up a good fight for its size. ent ways. One method by which they the Brooklyn Edison Co. and other con­ Spots are always hungry, it seems, and are produce the typical croaking or grunting cerns experienced difficulty with literally happy to bite on bits of sandworms, sound, from which members of the tons of these fish becoming clogged in clams, crabs or tiny pieces of shrimp croaker family get the name, is through their condenser pumps. Previous great

October 1973 25 runs in New York harbor occurred in 1902, 1908 and 1917. Spawning occurs in late fall and early winter. The eggs and larvae are unknown." Bill Bench, formerly residing on Staten Island, New York, but now retired and a resident of Aiken, has had wide exper­ ience in saltwater fishing in the New York area. During the years that he lived on Staten Island, he usually had a boat and spent his spare time in pursuit of bluefish, stripers, flounders and the spot, which was plentiful in those waters at certain times of the year. Bench says "We caught spots, but they are known in those waters as the 'Lafayette' for some reason. I would fish quite often in the Great Kill Harbor­ Raritan Bay area off the lower end of Staten Island. In the early 1960s, we would use a two-hook rig and fish for those little fellows right on the bottom. We baited with short pieces of sandworms or bits of clams on the hooks. The spots were quite small, the largest about six inches or so in length. It took a lot of them to make enough for a fish dinner, but they were such a delicacy, when -Photo by C. W. Kilby rolled in a batter of egg and cornmeal or hundred yards from shore and fish for the fish to the boats. It was fishing that a cracker crumbs, that it was worth the spots. As it became dark, they'd light an man who didn't have too much time to time and effort spent in catching them. ordinary kerosene lantern. This gave just devote to that sport could do at day's "Lots of times, fellows who had boats enough light so that they could see to end. By bedtime-including the time it would hurry home from work, launch bait hooks and take off the little fish, and took to clean the spots-a man could their boats and run out two or three the light on the water helped to attract catch a mess of tasty fish for himself and his family. "Then the Raritan River began to be ON HILTON HEAD ISLAND polluted with raw sewage, and it was ITS OCEAN CLUB VILLAS carried out into the bay where the spots loved to congregate. Fishing for them dropped to zero in a very short time as FOR THE FINEST OCEAN FRONT they fled the polluted water. But a plant & POOLSIDE-2 & 3 BEDROOM CONDOMINIUMS was finally built on the Raritan River to handle the sewage problem, and the unsatisfactory condition found in the bay is slowly being corrected. While the spots themselves have not returned to their old haunt as yet, it has been noted that the clams and mussels formerly found in abundance along the river and bay's shores (but which were killed by the pollution) are again being found in con­ siderable numbers. Since spots love the meat of these shellfish, it should not be long until they begin their return to Raritan Bay. A lot of people who enjoy catching and eating them will be very happy when that time comes." While they may be scarce just now in the New York area, spots are still found in abundance in South Carolina's waters. For instance, Bill Carroll, two other fishermen from Aiken and I traveled to FOR INFORMATION ON THESE AND OTHER VILLAS, Sullivans Island near Charleston where HOMES, LOTS AND COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES CONTACT Carroll has a beach home and a sizable boat. Arriving in late afternoon, we had a good night's sleep and launched the boat "'"~ETERSON REAL TY & DEVELOPERS the next morning after having purchased .,,.,_,~0. BOX 5035 - HILTON HEAD, S.C . 29928 shrimp for bait. 803-785-2191 OR 785-3290 We were primarily fishing for spots,

26 Sandlapper I .~ ,~ ......

... ,.

~

Piers such as this one at the Is are fine locations for hooking

and our destination was the fairly quiet water just inside the breakwater protect­ ing Charleston harbor. Bouncing across JACK DANIEL'S MILLER checks the grain the bay, we were soon at the desired location, where we dropped anchor, as it comes to the Hollow, just to make sure baited hooks and began to catch spots. The outgoing tide, however, was rushing he's buying the best. along parallel to the breakwater as it made for the only opening in the break­ water-where the main channel was to be found. Our anchor could not hold the Our miller meets each grain truck and inspects boat against this strong current, so we gave up and headed for the quieter water it by sticking a grain thief deep into the load. found in the Inland Waterway, a protect­ ed channel that extends from Florida to If there's any damp grain, he's sure to hit it. points far north. We ran up the waterway to a place Then he checks sample kernels for quality. where spots were known to be abundant and again anchored in an inlet out of the But he seldom has cause to turn back a load. main channel. Spots were indeed there and hungry, and we were soon swinging The folks we buy from them into the boat and adding them to the growing heap in the icebox. AJ,, the tide continued to run out, however, there know how particular CHARCOAL was a decided slowdown in fish-catching activity, so the anchor was hauled in and he is, and so they bring MELLOWED we made the run back to the launching ramp. only their best. After a 6 It had been an interesting and fun­ DROP filled day for the four of us, and we had a sip of Jack Daniel's, we goodly number of spots to show for our fishing. But, unless the coastal and inland believe, you'll be glad 6 waters of South Carolina are fully pro­ BY DROP tected from pollution, the story of Rari­ tan Bay could be repeated here, and the we have such good spot and many other coastal species would have to forsake the area to survive, friends. a real tragedy for both fish and fisher­ men. Tennessee Whiskey• 90 Proof· Distilled and Bottled by Jack Daniel Distillery C. W. Kilbey is a free-lance writer from Lem Matlow, Prop., Inc., Lynchburg (Pop. 361), Tennessee Aiken. Placed in the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Government.

October 1973 27 By Nancy Carter

he cost of living soars. Ready-made and convenience foods are more ex­ Tpensive than ever, and, as a result, many homemakers are rediscovering the fun of baking at home. There is a thrill of accomplishment, a creative satisfaction, in contemplating a beautiful apple dessert cooling on the counter. We South Carolinians are especially lucky; apple trees abound in many areas of the state, and the Long Creek apple belt, winding through the hill country in and around Oconee County, provides us with some of the tastiest Red and Golden Delicious apples in the world (see Sand­ lapper, September 1970). But no matter whether your source of apples is the supermarket or the backyard, these recipes will help you transform the new crop-just beginning to be ready now­ into family- and company-pleasing des­ serts. They'll taste extra-good because you baked them.

OLD-FASHIONED APPLE PIE SOUR CREAM APPLE PIE CHEESE 'N' APPLE PIE 6 to 8 large tart apples 5 large tart apples Pastry fo r 2-crust pie 1 unbaked 9-inch pie shell 1 pastry-lined 9-inch pie pan 2 cups peeled thinly sliced cooking 1 cup sugar 1 tbsp. lemon juice 2 tsp. flour apples % cup granulated sugar I/2 tsp. nutmeg 1/., tsp. nutmeg 1/3 cup flour % tsp. cinnamon '12 tsp. cinnamon % tsp. salt 2 tbsp. butter or margarine 1/3 cup water 1 tsp. cinnamon Milk 1 /., tsp. nutmeg 1/,, cup light cream or half-and-half Pare apples, cut in quarters. Remove 1 /., cup(% stick) butter or margarine 3 eggs cores; slice thin. Line 9-inch pie pan with '12 cup dairy sour cream. 1 cup cottage cheese, sieved pastry. Mix sugar, flour and spices; rub a '12 cup sugar little sugar mixture into pastry. Arrange Peel and cut apples into thick slices. 1 tsp. vanilla sliced apples overlapping in pan. Add Arrange slices in overlapping rows in 1/., tsp. salt remaining sugar mixture. Dot with butter pastry-lined pie pan; sprinkle with lemon or margarine. Cut slits in top crust; juice. Mix sugar, flour, salt, cinnamon and Chill pie shell. Place apples in a large moisten edge of lower crust. Place top nutmeg; cut in butter until crumbly; covered skillet; sprinkle with nutmeg and crust over apples; press edges together, spoon over apples. Spread sour cream cinnamon. Add water; cover and simmer then trim and flute edge. Brush with over top. Bake at 400 degrees for 25 8 to 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, slightly beaten egg white if desired. Bake minutes; reduce heat to 350 degrees and until apples are tender. Drain, reserving at 425 degrees for 40 to 45 minutes or bake until apples are tender, about 20 to liquid; add sufficient milk to make % cup. until apples are tender. 25 minutes longer. Scald milk mixture and cream. Mean-

28 Sandlapper Sift flour, baking powder, baking soda, covered and 20 minutes uncovered, bast­ salt and nutmeg together; set aside. Blend ing occasionally. Serve with whipped margarine and brown sugar in mixing cream. Yield: 6 servings. bowl. Add syrup, then eggs; blend until smooth. Add sifted dry ingredients, a BAKED APPLES ALL'ITALIANA small amount at a time, beating until blended. Fold in grated apple. Pour into 4 to 6 large baking apples 1 1/3 cup light corn syrup greased and lightly floured 13x9 /2X2-inch Red food coloring baking pan. Bake in 350-degree oven 2 to 3 tbsp. butter or margarine about 35 minutes or until cake tests 1 pound ricotta done. Cut into squares and serve warm or 1/z cup sugar cold with lemon sauce or sour cream. 2 squares unsweetened chocolate, grat­ ed WALNUT APPLE CAKE 1/z tsp. almond extract

4 cups (3 large) sliced apples Core apples, being careful not to cut all 1.4 cup water the way through. Pare about 1/3 of the 6 tbsp. honey way down from stem end. Place each '/2 tsp. cinnamon apple on large square of doubled heavy­ 1/z tsp. nutmeg duty aluminum foil. Tint com syrup deep 1.4 cup raisins pink with food coloring. Brush over 1/z cup finely chopped walnuts peeled surfaces. Blend ricotta, sugar, 1/z cup butter chocolate and almond extract thorough­ 1 cup honey 1 egg ly; fill apples with mixture. Dot tops of 2% cups sifted cake flour apples with butter. Bring foil up around 2 tsp. baking powder apples and twist top. Bake at 400 degrees 1/z tsp. salt for 50 to 60 minutes or until apples are 1.4 cup milk tender. 1 tsp. vanilla % cup finely chopped walnuts YOGURT AMBROSIA

Simmer together the apples, water, 6 2 tbsp. honey tablespoons honey, cinnamon and nut­ 1 tbsp. lemon juice meg for 10 minutes or until apples are 2 oranges, peeled and sectioned tender but still hold shape. Remove fruit 1 red apple, unpeeled and diced from syrup and boil it down to 3 table­ 1 banana, sliced 1 pear, unpeeled and diced spoons. Combine with cooked apples, 1 can (31/z oz.) flaked coconut raisins and 1h cup walnuts; set aside while 1 cup plain yogurt preparing cake. Cream butter; continue beating while adding honey in a fine In a bowl combine honey and lemon stream. Add egg and continue beating juice. Add oranges, apple, banana, pear until smooth and creamy. Sift together and coconut; toss gently to coat fruit. cake flour, baking powder and salt; add Chill. Just before serving add yogurt and alternately with combined milk and vanil­ toss. Serve immediately. Yield: 6 to 8 la; beat only until blended after each servings. addition. Stir in % cup walnuts. Spread batter in well-greased 12x9x2-inch pan. APPLE CRISP Spread walnut-apple mixture over top of while, in a bowl beat eggs slightly; stir in batter to within 1h inch of edges, pressing 6 cups ( 4 large) sliced cooking apples 1/z cup sugar, divided cottage cheese, sugar, vanilla and salt; down gently. Bake at 350 degrees for 1 1,1.i tsp. nutmeg gradually add scalded milk. Spread apples hour or until cake tests done. Cover top 1/8 tsp. salt in pie shell. Pour cottage cheese mixture of cake lightly with sheet of foil during 1/2 tsp. cinnamon, divided over apples. Bake in preheated 375-degree last 15 minutes of baking, if necessary, to 5 tbsp. molasses, divided oven 45 to 50 minutes or until a knife prevent raisins darkening too much. 3 tbsp. butter or margarine inserted near center comes out clean. % cup sifted all-purpose flour Cool on rack. BAKED APPLES A L'ORANGE Pare and core apples; cut into 1/8-inch­ GRATED-APPLE CAKE 6 large cooking apples thick slices. Mix together % cup of the 1/z cup sugar sugar, nutmeg, salt and % teaspoon of the 1/z tsp. ground cinnamon 2 cups sifted flour cinnamon. Alternate apples and sugar 1.4 tsp. ground cloves 1 tsp. baking powder mixture in a greased 6xl0x2-inch casse­ 1 tsp. baking soda 1/16 tsp. salt 1 cup orange juice role. Spoon 4 tablespoons of the molasses 1 tsp. salt over top. Mix together remaining % cup 1/z tsp. nutmeg 1/z cup margarine Peel a 1-inch strip around the stem of the sugar, 1 tablespoon molasses, % teaspoon % cup firmly packed brown sugar apples and core. Place in a baking dish. cinnamon, butter and sifted flour to a 1/ 2 cup dark corn syrup Mix sugar, cinnamon, cloves and salt. crumb consistency. Sprinkle evenly over 2 eggs Spoon into centers of apples. Pour orange casserole. Bake in a moderate oven (375 1 1/ 2 cups coarsely grated pared cooking juice over all. Bake in a preheated mod­ degrees) for 50 minutes. Serve warm with apples erate oven (375 degrees) 30 minutes molasses hard sauce. Yield: 6 servings.

October 1973 29 BAKED APPLES WITH Arrange apple halves in baking dish and Molasses Hard Sauce CRUMBLE TOPPING spread each half with 1 teaspoon of the honey. Add enough water to cover the 1/3 cup butter or margarine 3 large apples, cored and cut in halves 2% cups sifted confectioners sugar bottom of baking dish (about 2/3 cup). 5 tbsp. honey Cover and bake in hot oven (400 degrees) 1 tbsp. milk 2/3 cup water 2 tbsp. molasses for 20 minutes. Combine butter, remain­ 2 tbsp. butter ing 3 tablespoons honey, salt and cinna­ 1/8 tsp. salt Cream butter. Add confectioners sugar mon in saucepan and mix well. Cook and l/2 tsp. cinnamon alternately with milk and molasses. Yield: 1/3 cup chopped nutmeats stir over low heat until mixture bubbles. 1 2/3 cups sauce. 1 cup corn flakes Add nuts and cereal flakes and mix lightly. Spread cereal mixture over tops of apples. Return to oven and bake, OLD-FASHIONED APPLE PIE uncovered, 20 minutes longer or until apples are tender. Yield: 6 servings.

TWO-CHEESE APPLE CRISP 4 cups peeled sliced tart apples 2 tbsp. lemon juice 1/z cup sugar % cup all-purpose flour 1/2 tsp. cinnamon 1/, tsp. salt l/2 cup sugar l1/2 cups (6 oz.) shredded Cheddar cheese 6 tbsp. butter 1 package (8 oz.) cream cheese 2 tbsp. orange rind 1 tsp. sugar 1 tsp. orange rind

Combine apples, lemon juice and 1/ 2 cup sugar and place in 8-inch square baking dish. Mix flour, cinnamon, salt, 1/ 2 cup sugar and Cheddar cheese in bowl. Cut in butter until mixture remembles coarse meal. Spread over apples. Bake in pre­ heated 375-degree oven 30 minutes or until apples are tender. Cool slightly. Whip together cream cheese, orange juice and rind and sugar. Spoon on to garnish each serving. Yield: 6 to 8 servings.

APPLE SPONGE 1 envelope unflavored gelatin 1/, cup cold water 1 cup hot orange juice 11/z tsp. vanilla extract 1/, tsp. ground mace 1/8 tsp. salt 1/z cup coarsely shredded apple 1 tbsp. lemon juice 2 egg whites 2 tbsp. sugar In a cup soften gelatin in water. In a medium bowl combine orange juice with softened gelatin. Stir in vanilla extract, mace and salt. Chill until mixture is slightly thickened, then beat until fluffy. Combine apple with lemon juice. Fold in gelatin mixture. Beat egg whites until soft peaks form. Gradually beat in sugar; beat until stiff but not dry. Fold into apple mixture. Spoon into dessert glasses. Chill until firm and ready to serve. Yield: 6 servings.

Nancy Carter is food editor for the Petit Jean Country Headlight newspaper and columnist for Women's Household maga­ zine; she lives in DeRidder, Louisiana.

30 Sandlapper Available from Sandlapper Press this month the compiled by sandlapper Catha W. Reid and cookbook Joseph T. Bruce, Jr.

Two hundred and fifty pages of mouth-watering recipes gleaned from family culinary treasures lovingly relinquished by the readers of Sandlapper magazine. The Sandlapper Cookbook contains a wide variety of dishes, ranging from a time-honored recipe for Gypsy Cake from Abbeville to a modern-day recipe for Bavarian Salad from Charleston. Whether the occasion be high tea or backyard barbecue, the perfect dish is sure to be found among the pages of The Sandlapper Cookbook. Attractively illustrated and extensively indexed, The Sandlapper Cookbook is a must for every kitchen. $4.95 The Sandlapper Cookbook is available at better bookstores everywhere. To order by mail, use the order form enclosed in this magazine. thought any kind of contact I could have with the teachers would be vital to my child's education and would help me palmetto better understand what they were trying to teach and how they were trying to teach," she said. That belief has never diminished, and profiles even though both of her children have long since completed their education, she MAKI NG SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY TODAY still feels the strong need for communica­ tion between the parents and teachers of the more than 16 million children whose lives the PTA touches in some way every year. "Even if we help only a few children each year, there is no way to measure the benefit that this may mean to their states and to their nation and to them as individual human beings," she said. The first National Congress of Moth­ ers-which eventually became the Nation­ Lillie Herndon ... PTA President al Congress of PTA-was created in 1897 when 2,000 mothers met in Washington to discuss their concern for children. hen Lillie E. Herndon of Columbia Europe, which she estimates will total at " At that time they were interested in joined the Parent Teacher Associa­ least 300,000 miles during her two-year labor laws, school lunch programs and Wtion for the first time 23 years ago, term. many of the same school problems that she never dreamed that it would eventu­ Although she has traveled in Europe we still have today," explained Mrs. ally become a full-time interest that for the PTA since 1965, her first trip to Herndon. would send her on a 300,000-mile trip. Europe as president will be to France for She believes that the PT A may be the Today, as president of the National an annual conference of PTA's in Depart­ ultimate answer in providing equal educa­ Congress of the Parent Teacher Associa­ ment of Defense schools for service per­ tional opportunities for all children tion, Mrs. Hernqon is leader of an interna­ sonnel in Europe and the Middle East. through its various legislative and educa­ tional organization of more than 8.2 The motive for the long days of hard tional programs and through volunteer million members. work and the long hours of travel is services provided to schools by PT A Since May 22, when she was elected simple: children. members. president, she has been off on many trips "When I sent a six-year-old child off to During Mrs. Herndon's tenure as presi­ through the United States, Canada and school for the first time in 1950, I dent, she has chosen the theme "Every Child Needs You." The action programs developed for the next two years by the National Board of Managers of the PT A will be based on her theme, to which she adheres personally. "In the PTA, we have to be interested in more than just our own children. We have to be interested in everyone's child. If we continue this interest and have a desire to serve all children, there are plenty of reasons to stay on in the PTA even when one's children are no longer in the public schools." Among her special interests now are drug abuse, smoking, alcoholism and volunteers in the courts-all of which are programs designed to get parents involved on a local level in those problems of children that concern today's parents the most. Mrs. Herndon may not have dreamed 23 years ago that she would become the leader of the National Congress of PTA, but now that she's there, she's going to do everything in her power to see that someone is involved with the individual needs of every child within her jurisdic­ tion-even if she has to travel 300,000 miles to do it.

Patricia G. McNeely is a free-lance writer from Columbia.

32 Sandlapper he also participated in varsity sports and earned his B.S. degree in 1954. With divided loyalty between the two state collegiate rivals, Player doesn't choose a favorite. "I went two years to Clemson and two years to Carolina, and I've had a good deal of interest in both institutions since that time," he said. Success came almost at once for Player after he entered the coaching field. Team­ ing up as an assistant to Cally Gault at North Augusta, they fielded an unde­ feated football team in his second year at that school. From North Augusta, Player moved into his first head coaching position at Newberry High School for one year be­ fore transferring to Saluda High School where he coached for seven years. His Saluda teams won five conference cham­ pionships, two state championships and had two undefeated seasons. Perhaps his greatest measure of success has come during the past decade, which he has spent at Lower Richland High School in Columbia. Arriving at Lower Richland in 1964, Player faced what seemed to be an insurmountable prob­ lem: how to build a champion out of a football team that had won only two games in the past three years. But Player proved that he was more than equal to the task. During his nine seasons at Lower Richland, his teams have posted a formidable record, winning the state championship with undefeated seasons on three different occasions. While Player's first love is football, he is equally at home hunting quail on the game preserve which he and one of his former players at Lower Richland recent­ ly opened near the Wateree River. "We have ducks, quail and pheasants over there and we entertain hunters. Quail hunting has been my only hobby for a lifetime and I really enjoy it," he said. Coach Mooney Player goes into a huddle with one young visitor at Oak Ridge Player and his wife, the former Ann Camp, the day camp which Player and his family conduct each summer. Jones of Yonges Island, and their three daughters maintain close family ties through their common interest in running Oak Ridge Camp, a day camp in which Mooney Player ... Coach they own part interest. Player explained that the camp provided their main family interest during the summer months, when he name Mooney Player has become school athlete. Under the careful coach­ youngsters from all parts of Columbia synonymous in South Carolina with ing of his father, Player landed a berth on arrived to get a taste of nature and the Tchampionship high school football the Lower State All-Star Football Team out-of-doors. teams. During his almost 20-year career as and was also chosen the Most Valuable Although his interests vary from foot­ a high school coach he has seven times Basketball Player in the Edisto Confer­ ball to politics to teaching and many been recognized as Coach of the Year, ence. other areas, Player emphasized that his and in 1965 he was named the National After graduation from Williston-Elko, overriding desire was to be a head coach Prep Coach of the Year. Player entered the collegiate athletic at a major college. With this goal in mind, For Player, a native of Williston, South ranks with a scholarship to Clemson he recently took the step toward the Carolina, the world of athletics came as College, where he played freshman foot­ college coaching ranks with his accept­ almost a family heritage because his ball, basketball and baseball and varsity ance of an assistant coaching position at father was a coach at Williston-Elco High football. North Carolina State University. School for 23 years. At the halfway point in his college As Player tells it, he had "a great deal education, Player decided to transfer to Gary C. Dickey is a free-lance writer from of interest and some success" as a high the University of South Carolina, where Columbia.

October 1973 33 fAt ,,,k tA-.t -.ll ,, ~,'4tA ~w,,l.,.-. •f t-.lt.,.s -.,,'4t. N,IIJ .,. .t~ ,,'4,tA ,,,.,.t.,.s,

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October 1973 37 38 Sandlapper children are not worried about telling a lithograph from an etching or evaluating the balance of a collage? Maybe that's the difference; don't worry-just enjoy. Try it yourself at the 15th annual Springs Mills Art Show in Lancaster between October 26 and November 11. And remember­ enjoying art does not mean putting your hair up, it means letting it down. r4~UAL ~ll'JGS ART

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Springs Mills, Inc., Corporate Headquarters, Fort Mill, South Carolina 29715 Peregrinations By GEORGE WILLIAMS of a Goat Cart © (:'~-

ne morning shortly after the first World War, a professional writer, he returned to the newspaper DuBose Heyward clipped from the pages of story that he had clipped and saved. His first version the Charleston News and Courier the notice of the episode was a short story written in the early O 1920s, in which the hero was called Porgo. That of a Negro shooting that would have been common- place but for the physical condition of the assailant: version was expanded to a novel in 1924, and the hero's name was changed to Porgy. Heyward de­ Samuel Smalls, who is a cripple and is familiar to King scribed the artistic transformation of Goat Sammy: Street, with his goat and cart, was held for the June "To Smalls I make acknowledgment of my obliga­ term of court of sessions on an aggravated assault tion. From contemplation of his real, and deeply charge. It is alleged that on Saturday night he attempted to shoot Maggie Barnes at number four moving, tragedy sprang Porgy, a creature of my own Romney Street. His shots went wide of the mark. imagination ... upon whom, being my own creation, Smalls was up on a similar charge some months ago I could impose my own conception of a summer of and was given a suspended sentence. aspiration, devotion and heartbreak across the color wall." Heyward knew crippled Goat Sammy as everyone in But the transformation had unexpected results; Charleston knew him, but he had already concluded writing in 1928 Heyward noted with regret: that "such a life could never lift above the dead level of the commonplace .... Inquiry on my part added Already the romantically inclined [Charlestonians) only one fact to the brief newspaper note. Smalls had have forgotten that there was a beggar named Smalls, attempted to escape in his wagon, and had been run and speak of him only as Porgy, and the story to down and captured by the police patrol," he states in which I have given that name has assumed the the introduction to the 1928 publication of Porgy, significance of a biographical sketch. The obscure beggar with his malodorous goat bids fair to become a A Play in Four Acts. Goat Sammy's public career local legend. climaxed in this brief, and not altogether flattering notice, for not many years later, in 1924, Dorothy Smalls lost his name in the transformation of histor­ Heyward tried to find the cripple on the streets of ical fact into romantic legend; he lost his local Charleston and failed. He and his cart had already habitation as well. No. 4 Romney St. is well off the started on the journey, longer even than Porgy's, beaten track of the tourist, but local guides are quick from which there was no return. to point out "Porgy's room" in a corner of the now As soon as he read of Smalls' unsuccessful attempt reclaimed Inglis Arch House at 91 E. Bay St., at murder and heard of his frustrated attempt at with a view of the harbor and the wharves of the escape, Heyward recognized that the episode had mosquito fleet, or the building one block to the west dramatic possibilities, and when he began his career as on Church Street known as Cabbage Row, ironically

October 1973 41 Entrance to the restored Cat Fish Row, an alley which the real-life Porgy, Samuel Smalls, inhabited.

juxtaposed to the Thomas Heyward mansion where George Washington slept during his stay in Charleston in 1791. One of these may have been the building "that I had in mind when I first wrote Catfish Row into the novel," as Heyward described it. In the spring of 1924 DuBose Heyward began to expand his short story of Goat Sammy into a novel of Negro life in Charleston. Work continued at the MacDowell Colony in New Hampshire (a place established by the widow of Edward MacDowell, the American composer, to which musicians and writers retreat for work, study, inspiration, fellowship, crit­ icism and what not) during that summer and fall, and the manuscript in its various stages was read by William Rose Benet, Constance Mayfield Rourke and others. In December 1924, at the suggestion of John Bennett of Charleston, the George H. Doran Co. accepted Porgy for publication. Heyward prepared for The Bookman magazine of April 1925 an article, "The New Note in Southern Literature." In this subtle advance notice for Porgy he indicated the sort of thing that he was about to publish by praising others who had been doing the same thing. Most to be praised by Heyward, and the epitome of the "new note", was the "psychologically true serious picture of contemporary southern Negro life." Such a picture "will at least have the virtues of honesty and simplicity, and it will attempt to leave an authentic record of the period that produced it." This statement sums up Heyward's goal in Porgy. In The Bookman for August, September and October 1925 appeared selections from the novel, and in November the novel was published in book form. Its reception was favorable North and South. The Saturday Review praised Heyward for achieving his principal goal: "Mr. Heyward has resisted the obvious temptation, inherent in his subject matter, to produce a sociological study or a sentimental, 'hu­ morous' tale. He has lifted his materials to the level of art." James Southall Wilson was even more glowing in the Virginia Quarterly: "No more beautiful or au­ thentic novel has been published in America for a decade." Not long after the publication of the novel, Dorothy Heyward began work on a draft of a play based on the novel. The theatrical possibilities of the story had been considered by Heyward earlier but passed by; Mrs. Heyward recalled to Heyward's attention its rich and exciting suspense. She had been an experienced playwright before their marriage, and she now added her technical knowledge of stagecraft

/ I and dramaturgy to her husband's narrative. Within a year Porgy was ready for the stage. After the usual -All photos by Edwin H. Stone

42 Sandlapper Carolina Shores is just be!Q11Iling, but it's already made history. Carolina Shores is a brand new, And further north, at Wilming­ some of the last available land beautifully designed second ton, walk the decks of the battle­ of its kind in the vicinity of the home resort. But this land and ship North Carolina, proud Grand Strand. the land around it survivor of a later, larger war. So if you think Carolina Shores have a history of All of this is only part of the is the place you've been looking hundreds of years. rich heritage of the area. And for, fill-in the cou­ Scratch the earth Carolina Shores is being built in pon and mail it to at the eastern edge the spirit of that heritage. us. And we'll be of Carolina Shores, We are proud of this land. We happy to contact on the banks of the have respect for it. And so when you and make ar­ Calabash River, the Carolina Shores is complete, the rangements for you access to the sea, land will not look very much dif­ to visit Carolina and possibly you'll uncover pot­ ferent than it did a hundred Shores. And once tery or other remnants of an years ago. you've visited our ancient Indian tribe. The golf course, the tennis resort, we can almost guarantee Close your eyes and perhaps courts, the boat launch to the you'll want to stay longer. Maybe you'll see bloody Blackbeard's sea, the clubhouse and all the even the rest of your life. ~ an open communityl!!.r crew looking for a safe place to other recreational facilities are Carolina Shores, Route 1, Box 334, North Myrtle bury their booty. being designed to blend in with Beach, S.C. 29582. Telephone: 919/ 579-6242. Gentlemen: Drive north, a few miles from their natural surroundings. D I am interested in visiting Carolina Shores. 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And they will also A joint development of Carolina Caribbean Cor­ land and 58 warships at sea. find that they are standing on poration and Blythe Properties, Inc. While this subdivision is registered with the Office of Interstate Land Sales Registration, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Developmen~ that Office neither recommends nor approves the merits of the offering nor the value of the property as an investment. Obtain a copy of the HUD property repcrt and read it before signing anything. delays and disappointments, the usual rewriting, control?" He discovered that the answer was rhythm. editing and cutting, the Theatre Guild gathered a cast He saw it also as the secret key that unlocked the and director in the fall of 1927 and made ready to source of delight that the Negro possessed and the open the show. The cast was drawn from amateurs, white man did not. He had, of course, utilized the from night-club performers and from singers and device of the spiritual in the novel generously, but in dancers from the reviews ; most of them had not the the play- in actual performance-the sung and slightest conception of the life they were to represent "shouted" spiritual was much more impressive and on the stage. The director was constantly obliged to effective. The device was a trick, but an eminently recall them from their sophistication to the more artistic one. Alan Dale, in the New York American primitive life of the Charleston slum. Frank Durham, and Times, said the spirituals alone were worth twice author of DuBose Heyward (Columbia, 1954), de­ the admission charged. There were solo lullabies in scribes opening night (Oct. 10 , 1927) in New York as the play , and the Jenkins Orphanage Band appeared "something new in the American theater. Before eyes briefly to lead the "Sons and Daughters of Repent Ye accustomed to the regular commercial plays, there Saith the Lord" to Kittiwah Island, but it was the swirled color and movement, clashing, barbaric; to massed choral effect of the spirituals with the ears used to the 'blues' of Shuffle Along, there came rhythmic patting of feet and clapping of hands that the melody of childlike laughter, shouts of savage was the most striking part of the musical quality of ecstasy, the blood-tingling beat and wail of the the play. spiritual, the primal throb of group prayer." Heyward intended to represent in the Row scenes Porgy was enthusiastically received by the public of the book a deep rhythmic pulse controlling the and the critics, except those from the Times and The tempo of living and binding the residents of the Row New Yorker. The show ran for 217 performances in into an ethnic homogeneity. He described this New York, made a profitable road tour and returned rhythm as entirely different from that of the Charles­ to Broadway at the end of the season in April 1928, ton whites and yet assuredly a part of the spirit of the playing 137 more performances. city. In the play it is seen, heard and felt in the In explaining the adaptation, Dorothy Heyward swaying of the mourners, in the preparations for the modestly said that she "merely took out the scenes" trip to the Blackfish Banks and in the bustle from the novel and "dialogued" them, yet she is preparatory to the parade. probably responsible for more than that. Bess in the A play so full of pulsing rhythm, so well supplied novel goes off to Savannah in a drunken stupor with melody , and treating of a race long considered in induced by some of her former stevedore friends. One America as uncommonly musical had only one logical has the feeling that she goes off with "just anybody," conclusion. One night in 1926, George Gershwin and though there is some indication of coercion, it came home from a tiring rehearsal of a musical and appears that not much has been required. In the play picked up the novel Porgy. To his surprise, he read it she takes Sportin' Life's cocaine and leaves on the all the way through that night, and at 4 o'clock in steamer for New York. Either conclusion is character­ the morning he wrote DuBose Heyward suggesting istic of Bess, but the longer trip yields associations that they collaborate on an opera based on the novel. with the traditional awe and fear of the big city as a The two men met and were at once impressed with place of wickedness. In the novel , Heyward , using each other, but Gershwin knew that he was not yet Maria's hefty foot, kicks Sportin' Life "once and for ready to undertake an opera. He went to Europe, all out of Catfish Row and the lives of its inhabi­ studied composition, counterpoint and polytonality. tants." In working up the play, Dorothy Heyward In 1933 he began to work on the opera. The brought him back into the Row as the motivation for collaboration proceeded slowly with Gershwin in Bess' departure from Porgy and from Charleston. New York and Heyward in the South. The two visited These two changes are of first significance in the each other from time to time and Gershwin spent the tightening of the plot and the motivation. Other summer of 1934 on F oily Beach, but most of the changes were made: Various episodes were rewritten work was conducted through the mail . Heyward or rearranged, sections were omitted, new material wrote the scenes and the lyrics and sent them off to was added. One of the more striking effects of the Gershwin who then composed music for them. Ira play , though not actually a change from the novel, Gershwin, George's brother, was called in to assist was the singing of the spirituals. Heyward in the lyrics. His main job in this connec­ DuBose Heyward had heard the Negro spirituals of tion, according to Frank Durham, was "simply the Carolina Low Country all his life and had sung cutting or substituting when DuBose was not present them with his friends in the Society for the Preserva­ to do this work himself. .. . When Ira did write a tion of Spirituals. He had long wondered what was lyric, other than those for Sportin' Life, he often the quality in a spiritual that ""brought the ... used a phrase or a line from Heyward's libretto." listener up short . .. with a contraction of the solar Heyward did not confine his collaboration to the plexus, and lachrymal glands that he was powerless to literary aspect of the opera; he took an active part in

44 Sandlapper preparing the music as well. He suggested that the run sold regularly to standees that summer, and the opera open with Jazzbo Brown playing a "low-down production was then brought to Broadway on Jan. blues" on stage . Though this opening has been 22, 1942. In this production the musical recitative generally omitted in performance, it is present in the was replaced by the spoken dialogue that Heyward score. Heyward was also responsible for suggesting had originally wanted. The opera was tremendously Crown's song in the hurricane sung over the spiritual successful; it ran in New York for 286 performances, of the frightened residents of Catfish Row. Gershwin in Chicago for 11 weeks and continued with a road wanted to write his own spirituals for the opera, but tour and an engagement on the west coast. This Heyward insisted on retaining at least the one resounding success earned for the opera a permanent authentic. "Oh, Dere's Somebody Knockin' at de place in the musical life of America. Do' " to accompany Crown's entrance during the Looking back over the various stages of the story hurricane. Gershwin's spirituals are related to the of Samuel Smalls, one can detect ·two major themes native variety by the use of phrases and rhythms that are central and that must have fired Heyward's taken from them. Heyward maintained that the imagination from the start. The first and more dialogue should be spoken, but Gershwin insisted that important is that of the cripple's display of unexpect­ it should be recitative in the classic tradition; Hey­ ed strength. Smalls' attempt at murder was unsuc­ ward deferred and set to work rewriting the dialogue cessful, but it was the attempt- not the outcome­ of the play so that it could be sung to recitative. that was important and that impressed Heyward. The opera Porgy and Bess opened in New York on According to Frank Durham, Heyward said to his Oct. 10, 1935, and ran for 124 performances, sister, "Just think of that old wreck having enough achieving an artistic though not a commercial success. manhood left to do a thing like that." Transmuted by It ran then in Chicago for three weeks before going art, the attempt as made by Porgy is successful: The on tour. At all points it received critical acclaim; its piece of· a man becomes the whole man. One may songs were popular overnight. In 1938 it was revived read in this conquest over apparently insuperable in Los Angeles, and in 1941 it was revived again in odds something autobiographical perhaps, and some­ summer stock in Maplewood, New Jersey. The brief thing literary and sectional too.

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@ Southern Bell The novel, the play and the opera share the same expression of this theme, as the handicapped cripple She looked until she could bear the sight no longer; then she stumbled into her shop and closed the door, overcomes the powerful stevedore. Treatment of the leaving Porgy and the goat alone in an irony of second theme, however, differs in the novel from its morning sunlight. treatment in the play and opera. (The major varia­ tions among the three versions come between the At the close of the novel, Porgy is an old man- so old novel and the play; the opera, though reducing the that he does not have vitality enough to try to win play by nearly one half, follows its plot and action Bess back again. He finds himself again an unwanted closely.) That theme is mobility. cripple, a piece of a man. Heyward must have had in Samuel Smalls' second achievement was his flight his mind the words of this song, which Jake sings to in the goat cart from the police patrol. In the novel, his baby in the opening scenes of the play: old Peter has a horse and wagon in which he carries Porgy to his begging position every day. The arrest of My mammy tol' me, long time ago, Son, don't yuh marry any gal yuh know. Peter and the consequent loss of mobility make Porgy Spen' all yo' money , eat all yo' bread, buy the goat. The fear of immobility is contrasted Gone to Savannah, lef' yuh fo' dead. with the joy of mobility afforded Porgy by this goat. These attitudes provide the emotional background in Porgy, left for dead, immobile, clutching the absurd the novel against which Porgy attempts his dramatic goat (his symbol and means of mobility) is a figure of and pathetically humorous escape of several miles ironic pathos as the novel ends. through the length of the city into the country. In the play and opera, Porgy has his goat from the Against them also the final conclusion must be seen. beginning, and the initial contrast between immobil­ In the novel, Bess leaves Porgy and runs off to ity and mobility is thus lost; yet the concept of Savannah with another man; Porgy receives the news mobility is more important to the character of Porgy from Maria: in the play and opera than it is in the book. In the Maria saw that Porgy was an old man. The early tension that had characterized him, the mellow mood that he had known for one eventful summer, both had gone; and in their place she saw a face that sagged wearily, and the eyes of age lit only by a faint reminiscent glow from suns and moons that had Porgy House at Folly Beach is the cottage where looked into them, and had already dropped down the much of the personal collaboration between George west. Gershwin and DuBose Heyward took place in 1934.

October 1973 47 descendant of a signer of the Declaration of In­ dependence, of one of the most ancient and respected families of South Carolina, should write in Charles­ ton, the city in which the Civil War began, a history of a beggar that would prove to be a telling document of the life of the Negro in the South, and that another white man, son of immigrant parents, a Brooklyn Jew, should set this document to music and make, of an impressive drama, America's first genuine opera. But in reality, it is no anomaly; of such is the stuff of America. Yet, as often in artistic matters, it required European applause to convince Americans of their own accomplishments. For the decade 1942-51 , the opera did not play in this country, but productions Spirituals sung in small churches with black congre­ were delighting and moving audiences in Denmark, gations such as this one in South Carolina inspired Russia, Sweden and Switzerland. In June 1952, Porgy much of Gershwin's musical score for Porgy and Bess. and Bess was revived in America. The run opened in Dallas for a two-week stand. The response was overwhelming, and the production was the most play, the flight from the police is shortened to an "operatic" that had ever been staged. The recitative ignominious run for one block only; in the opera was used again, and musical material omitted in there is no flight. Samuel Smalls' second achieve­ earlier productions was restored. After leaving Dallas, ment and second failure have been transmuted into a the opera played Chicago and Pittsburgh; it opened in success, another conquest over insuperable odds, as Washington before the President on August 5. At this Porgy undertakes the tremendous journey to New point the Department of State requested the entire York- a thousand miles beyond the Custom House. It cast, goat included, to go to Europe as representatives is this immense prospect of heroic scale that gives to of American culture. The opera played Vienna, the play and the opera their extreme and bitterly Berlin , Edinburgh, London and Paris. After Paris the poignant pathos, as the comic goat cart leaves on a opera returned to New York, opening on March 10, mission that ought to be ludicrous but is not. 1953, for an eight-month engagement, followed by a In the opera, Porgy drives out of the Row to the national tour for the spring and summer of 1954. The accompaniment of a farewell chorus from the resi­ company went abroad again under State Department dents, singing one of Gershwin's spirituals, ''I'm on sponsorship on a good-will tour of the Balkans, the my way to a Heav'nly Lan'," that suggests, even more Near East and the Mediterranean, playing Zagreb, than the trip to New York, that final voyage from Belgrade , Athens, Tel Aviv , Cairo, Barcelona and this world to the next. The effect of the final Naples. On Feb. 23 , 1955, the company opened at La spiritual, for all its power, is to cheer up Porgy and Scala in Milan. "Never before," reported Theatre Arts the audience on their way out of the theatre; in some Monthly, had La Scala offered a full week of any sense it blunts the keen edge of the romantic and single opera, and never before had it presented a futile heroism of the ending that the play offered. completely American company." Porgy and Bess had Dramatic though both these endings may be, they are achieved the highest distinction possible for an opera. not necessarily more powerful than the simple and But though Porgy continued to drive his goat cart realistic ending of the novel , the quiet necessity of througl1 the capitals of Europe and of South Amer­ enduring the unendurable with a heroism which is ica , he had one more journey to make; he had to perhaps greater than the other because it has no come home. glamour. It had long been one of the hopes of the Heywards Because of its remarkable popularity, the opera that Porgy should be played by Negro performers in will undoubtedly be the form in which DuBose Charleston. Several gestures at production in the Heyward's story of the crippled beggar will be known 1920s and 1930s were discouraged by white members in the future, for Gershwin has captured with an of the community who feared that a performance understanding as complete as Heyward's the mood might have unfortunate racial consequences. The and spirit of Catfish Row and has fixed them Heywards would not allow the play to be given in permanently in an idiom traditionally associated with blackface. (They twice declined Al Jolson's request to the Negro. The opera ~ill surely go down in musical play it.) history as one of the few notably successful operatic In the winter of 1953-54 another attempt was collaborations. At first sight it is an anomaly of made to produce the play. Mrs. Heyward- Mr. Hey­ American literature and music that a white man , a ward had died in 1940- gave to the group of players

48 Sandlapper then at the Dock Street Theatre her approval, actions by members of the NAACP , such as picketing renounced all royalties from the performance and and bad publicity, and fear of the personal conse­ made a generous donation to the venture. The Dock quences to members of the cast who, it was felt, Street Theatre group secured the cooperation of the might be subjected to pressures from their own race Negro amateur theatrical group who would become that would be unpleasant to them and might indeed the actors of the play; as the president of this group require the closing of the show for other re asons even was also the chairman of the local NAACP chapter, it nearer the opening date. After a joint meeting of the was assumed that his encouragement indicated that board and the cast, the performance was cancelled. there would be no objections from that association. At this meeting there were evident the great desire on The play was cast, including as Porgy a man who had the part of the cast to continue with the performance led the goat in the New York production of 1927. without regard to the strictures of the association Rehearsals were proceeding smoothly. and , at the same time , a realization of the perhaps The governing board of the Dock Street Theatre insuperable problems that could arise in the month group agreed with the Negro group that the audience ahead. The meeting of board and cast , marked by would be segregated by a line drawn at right angles to openness and affection, closed in tears at the sense of the footlights, rather than parallel , so that equally shared loss. good seats would be available to both races; but one The failure of Porgy in Charleston has now been month before the opening date, the chairman of the transcended by the success of Porgy and Bess. The local NAACP group reversed his position on the phenomenal production of the opera in Charleston seating arrangements and insisted on integrated seat­ June 25-July 8, 1970, as part of the state's tricenten­ ing. At that time , such a seating arrangement was nial, was one of the happiest moments in the illegal in Charleston, and the board was faced with peregrination of Samuel Smalls' goat cart. the problem of violating the law or confronting the antagonism of the civil rights group. After consid­ George Williams, a native of Charleston, formerly erable discussion, the board decided that it was seen on the stages of the Footlight Players and the obliged to cancel the production. There were alleged­ Dock Street Theatre, is now Professor of English at ly two considerations behind this decision: fear of Duke University.

r------, I I :ry ~ H ...:, ., .':l IN ., 0 ., ., IN " 0 E!:: ., °'IN ·"' c..i Of ~ u The rJi l: CJ) ~., ~ ,; ..,"" 15 ':S .., E 'o' ::, Pirate'S 0. .:::" 0 t- N .,,: u ~ .., ., ·.,;;; . ~ ... co ., c..i '° ~ '°..... I illustrated by Louise Yancey rJi >< .) ~111111t,111' 0 0 ...-. , -~All .11 ,: c:l "' :;"" Onl y Chris knew abo ut the cl urs to the mystery o f Stede Bonnet 's ·5.."' ~ ,: 0 0 (.) "' c.: · hidden treasure-would he find it be fore the mysterious man who seemed ii5 .,:"... to be following him around Charleston? <2, . vi .::: Q Idella Bodie, the author o f Th e Secret of Telfair fnn , has woven ano ther °'c,; .,,: .5 ~ I <.) children's novel around a child 's lovr o f mystery and suspr nse. Se t in c::, iQ,) E"' V, ... ..; 0. historic Charleston with its familiar surroundings-tlw Battery , White Point ",:I .., ... -6 .: Q,) Gardens, the Dock Street Theatre, the E:x change and Custom House-it is 0. "' .," 0. ~ -~"' the story of a young boy who finds clues to a treasure hidden b y "gentle­ "' ::a"' ~ "' "'... s:"' "' ",:I"' ~ = man pirate" Stede Bonnet just before his hangi ng. '- E 1J I 0 ",:I .c D "' -0:: I Through dusty attics, across dange rous rooftops and into ghostl y ~ z u I cemeteri es, two brothers search for more clues to The My stery of the L------_j Pirate 's Treasure.

October 1973 49 TECHNICAL .1. s~s· S1. Sl .,. s. ,. ~

•

\ . .. . "'-·,;-''

almetto State taxpayers may be proud of their model Technical Education PCenter (TEC) system, which has im­ pressed visiting educational representa­ tives from many other states and several foreign countries. The key to TEC's success is action-action in gearing cur­ ricula to local community needs and in revising programs to keep pace with changing community requirements. The late A. Wade Martin, TEC's first state executive director, who was instrumental in developing the system, remarked, "Un­ less TEC continuously reevaluates and modifies its curricular offerings, it will not long remain a vital force in educa­ tion." In view of the energy and rapid expansion which have characterized the system, this philosophy seems to have prevailed. Following the recommendation of a legislative committee appointed by Ernest F. Hollings, then governor, the General Assembly in 1961 passed an act to broaden considerably the opportunities for technical training in the state to aid Top, Donald Dickens and Michael Rollins receive instruction in electronics South Carolina in attaining its rightful from Gerhard Spangenberg at the Berkeley-Charleston-Dorchester place on the industrial and technological TEC Center. Center, students in a secretarial science class at Sumter Area scene. Surveys and feasibility studies in­ TEC. Bottom, a TEC-trained worker operates a knitting machine. dicated that certain areas were strategic sites for the establishment of TEC centers

50 Sandlapper By Addison Barker EDUCATION PAYS DIVIDENDS

to make this type of education accessible utilized for a variety of evening classes TEC centers offer a variety of to every potential student in the state. which appeal widely to a cross-section of skills. From far left, a masonry The whole system was to be administered the respective community. These availa­ student at Denmark TEC; a TEC­ by a state committee (now board) and ble offerings, generally combined with an trained tool and die maker; executive director, with each unit having open door admissions policy, attract large students in marine industries at its own area commission and director. numbers of students with differing educa­ Beaufort TEC; and TEC Chronologically, the centers opened their tional backgrounds and career objectives. graduate Debra Roper adjusts doors in the following order: Greenville TEC offers one-year diplomas and a sewing machine. and Midlands (formerly Richland) in two-year associate degrees in many craft 1962; Spartanburg County, Sumter Area and technological fields, including busi­ and Tri-County (Pendleton), 1963; ness administration, data processing, para­ Berkeley-Charleston-Dorchester, Flor­ dental and paramedical study. The dip­ ence-Darlington and York County, 1964; loma and degree majors are supported by Horry-Georgetown and Piedmont (Green­ a core curriculum which includes English, highly successful Columbia businessman, wood), 1966; Orangeburg-Calhoun, 1968; math and physical and social sciences. In comments "TEC is not only giving new Beaufort, Chesterfield-Marlboro, Colum­ its curriculum majors, the local center educational opportunities to many of the bia and Denmark, 1969; Williamsburg reflects the needs of its community. state's citizens and upgrading the eco­ Regional Manpower Training Center, Thus, in a tourist-resort area, a business nomic base of the state, but it is also a 1970; and Aiken, 1972. option in hotel-motel management is like­ vital tool in attracting new industry." From the first, the TEC centers have ly to be offered, as well as instruction in With TEC-trained workers available, more been oriented to their specific communi­ the maintenance of golf courses. At Beau­ industries such as those in nuclear engi­ ties in providing different categories of fort TEC, the program in marine indus­ neering technology, numerical control education. Their standard day schedules tries fills an important need. In a trans­ machining and fiber science are willing to emphasize courses which prepare gradu­ portation hub, inventory control (ware­ locate or expand in the state. They know ates for local job opportunities. A special house management) and truck driving they can rely on skilled workers. For, school constitutes another kind of train­ may become standard courses. The list within the total TEC system, custom­ ing schedule-a sort of crash program, could be extended indefinitely to illus­ designed special school programs train held on the campus or in the plant, of trate TEC programs which are correlated South Carolinians to meet the job re­ preemployment instruction to meet the with community interests. quirements for many of the new plants immediate needs of a new or expanding 0. Stanley Smith Jr., former executive throughout the state. Jack Riley is co­ industry. Then, too, TEC facilities are director of the state's TEC system and a ordinator of the programs.

October 1973 51 ball, volleyball, intramural football, 1962-72 new and expanding plant invest­ miniature golf (on at least one campus), ment in the state rose from $210 million student newspapers, yearbook publica­ in 1962 to $635 million and $706 mil­ tions, dances, talent shows, drama clubs lion, respectively, in the peak years of and charity drives. These activities en­ 1968 and 1969. The 1972 investment hance the students' social graces and totaled $503 million. The source of these citizenship skills, as well as affording a impressive figures is the South Carolina number of breaks in the classroom-and­ Development Board, which emphasizes lab routine. that the totals do not include substantial Charles Palmer, well known in educa­ investments for the construction of pow­ tional circles, is the current executive er-generating facilities. director for the administration; and David To correlate this industrial develop­ Kelly is associate executive director for ment strictly with the establishment and education for the TEC system. Along expansion of TEC might be presump­ with these administrators at the state tuous. Many agencies (industry-hunting level, Kenneth Kyre serves as director of tours by state officials, the State Develop­ educational services. Speaking at a meet­ ment Board and local chambers of com­ ing of the Carolinas Consortium in merce, for example) put forth unceasing Charlotte this year, Kyre observed: "It efforts to increase industrialization in the may seem to be a type of audacity-and state and thereby raise the average per perhaps it is-for us to try to develop capita income. The TEC central office in curricular offerings to meet the needs of Columbia, however, constantly receives today's students, as well as the require­ letters from plant managers and other ments of the community. But, if I were industrial officials throughout the state to summarize my own general approach who cite TEC as being vital to their to curriculum development, it would have success. And numbers of these executives to incorporate the characteristic of flexi­ stress the importance of TEC's role in bility-and a structured flexibility, at their decisions to locate in South Caro­ that. Unstructured flexibility, of itself, lina. can lead only to anarchy. While standardi­ As to whether the TEC system will Godfey Rodriguez utilizes zation may be suspect in education tailor­ eventually convert to a comprehensive his TEC training in textile ed to today's students, some basic uni­ community college network, the legal machinery mechanics to set formity, with flexibility allowed for local machinery for this procedure exists. But up a new knitting machine. adaptation, is necessary and desirable. the law places most of the responsibility Much of the emphasis, of course, is on for conversion to community college local adaptation." status on local option or election. This This approach obviously negates the action is in keeping with local need and tendencies for curricula to become strati­ adaptation, and certain units of the TEC In addition to its regular day curricula, fied or outworn. Within a structured system are taking this direction. But in each center offers evening courses in an flexibility they may be reevaluated con­ those communities where such steps extension division for employment up­ tinuously. Programs which have outlived would overlap or duplicate the work of grading and avocational pursuits. In many their usefulness may be discarded. Newer neighboring colleges and universities-and instances, too, the evening student may and more relevant offerings may replace where consolidation with university ex­ take credit courses applicable to the the discards. Thus, TEC's curriculum de­ tensions would not result in economy­ standard diploma and degree majors. velopment procedures remain dynam­ there is little likelihood that centers will Since TEC was established to serve ically geared to the changing needs of initiate college-transfer studies in the commuting students primarily, only a few today's students. immediate future. Even so, where this centers have dormitory facilities, and Every dollar invested in a TEC gradu­ step may be taken, there will be no these dorms were inherited from former ate pays dividends. Each graduate is de-emphasis on craft and technological vocational centers. Also , it was the origi­ prepared for a well-paying job, where his programs; for TEC does not plan to nal goal to build a TEC center within a chances for regular promotions (along relinquish its key role in stimulating 30-mile one-way commuting distance of with accompanying pay increases) are industrial expansion for the benefit of every potential enrollee in the state. This considerably enhanced. He goes to work, South Carolina. goal has been approximated, but in some earns a good living, and, in tum, becomes Currently, TEC graduates with associ­ cases the students travel 40 miles or more a taxpayer himself who for many years ate degrees many transfer to four-year one way. And many of these commuters contributes his share to the total state colleges on the basis of individual evalua­ hold part-time or full-shift jobs after their revenue. This is one way in which the tion of course equivalents and grades. scheduled classes are completed. TEC system helps assure returns on the There are also cooperative arrangements The lack of dormitory life does not public funds which support the system. among TEC centers and four-year institu­ nullify the emphasis upon student activi­ Another significant contribution is the tions whereby a TEC graduate can obtain ties on TEC campuses. Numerous recrea­ stimulus which TEC provides for the a B.S. degree in technology by complet­ tional outlets are provided for the stu­ expansion of established industries and ing course requirements in both schools dents in addition to the opportunity to the importation of new manufacturing involved in a particular arrangement. govern themselves through student gov­ facilities into the state. At present, South ernment associations. There are chess Carolina is a regional leader in the area of Addison Barker is a free-lance writer from clubs, intramural and extramural basket- industrial development. In the decade Florence.

52 Sandlapper Palmetto Square Booksellers & Stationers

GHOST TALES JUST ARRIVED SIX NEW LIMITED EDITION PRINTS FOR UNDER $5 BY ROBERT MILLS (1,000 per edition)

18 THE SANDLAPPER COOK­ 1A GHOSTS OF THE CARO­ BOOK. Compiled by Catha W. LINAS. By Nancy and Bruce Reid and Joseph T . Bruce, Jr. A Roberts. Photographically illus­ mouth -watering selection of trated ghost tales of the two favorite Southern recipes gleaned Carol inas. $3.95 cloth. $2.50 from the old family culinary paper. treasures lovingly relinquished by 1C. DORY. San d lapper Magazi ne readers. 28" X 17" ...... $50.00 2A CHARLESTON GHOSTS. By $4.95. Margaret Rhett Martin. Eighteen legends of Charleston's renowned ghosts, from the Revolution to the present. Paper $2.25. A DIARY 3A SOUTH CAROLINA GHOST FROM DIXIE .. , TALES. By Nell Graydon. Famil­ :,,.·\~~i. iar and previously unpublished ;J:~·~ ghost tales, including their origins. $4.50. t;.~; ~:

28 A DIARY FROM DIXIE . By 2C. STEAM JENNY. Mary Boykin Chesnut. One of the 23" X 15" ...... $40.00 most famous sources of informa­ 3C . AFTER WINTER. tion about the South during t he 14" X 17" ...... $30.00 Civil War. Paper $2.85. 4C . MORNING LIGHT. J..~ -'·-:::--~p_,1~ ~--':~~""-:---~ ,. ~.!~ . ... N- 19" X 13" ...... $30.00 L1lfifil~il!1. 5C. BEACHED. 27" X 19" ...... $45.00 4A GHOSTS OF THE COAST. 6C . OFF 26. By Julian Bolick. Twelve interest­ 29" X 18" ...... $50.00 ing stories from the South Caro­ lina coast. $4.50. All prints signed and numbered

5A AN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO GHOSTS AND MYSTERI­ r------, OUS OCCURRENCES. By Nancy and Bruce Roberts. Ghost tales l D Palmetto Square from North Carolina. $3.95 cloth. I 1440 MAIN ST. COLUMBIA, S. C. 29201 $2.50 paper. 38 RED HILLS AND COTTON . By Ben Robertson. A Carolina ! I I I I I I I I I I 6A THIS HAUNTED LAND. Classic now returns in paperback. I PLEASE PLACE CODE NUMBERS IN BOXES Popular southern ghost stories $2.25. I ALLOW 2 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY again from the Robertses. $3.95 PAYMENT ENCLOSED cloth. $2.50 paper. 48 THE FOXFIRE BOOK. MASTER CHARGE __ Unique skills, remedies and lore BANK AME RICARD ------!ACCOUNT NO ---- IRCLE CARDI 7A THE RETURN OF THE of the Appalachian mountain CHARGE TO MY AC COUNT AT PALMETTO SQUARE ______GRAY MAN. By Julian Bolick. region preserved. $3.95 paper. South Carolina's most famous ~is::~~o::~EN~~~:;\~~E:~~AALi~ ~5~~-0- R- ,S- T- IT_E_M_____ f .25 FOR EACH ADDITIONAL ITEM) f ghost tale; also includes ghost 58 FOXFIRE TWO. $10.00 TOTAL I stories from Georgetown. $4.50. cloth. $4.50 paper. NAME I STREET OR BOX I CITY TATE IP I L------~ architect has described No. 14 as "one of Leisure Living the most natural golf holes in the world." Golf Course No. 2 is now being clear­ ed. It, too, is an 18-hole course. Already completed are four of the 12 scheduled fast-dry granule tennis courts and the elevated Tennis Pro Shop. The Beach and Cabana Club includes luxury pool and beachside cabanas, a dining room, lounge, snack bar and recreation room. This facility houses the Golf Pro Shop and locker rooms until the Club House is constructed. A complete equestrian center and a marina are also planned. Development on Seabrook began two years ago. The first development phase has now been virtually completed, in­ cluding the construction of a water and sanitary sewer system, drainage, under­ ground electrical service and paved streets. Seabrook Island is being developed by Land Logistics Corp. of Palm Beach, Florida, in partnership with Gerry Brothers & Co. of New York. As general partner, Land Logistics contributes over 50 years of real estate experience and ell, when it's all finished, we hope course. "It's a real beauty!" he remarked provides the expertise, competence and you won't even notice we've been with pride as the visitor mounted the development philosophy to assure the Where." The statement was made as bright yellow golf cart with him. The cart proper development of this unique island. Harry R. Gonzalez wheeled his out-of­ skimmed along the freshly mowed grass Harry Gonzalez, the host for the quick state visitor through the tropical forests of the course. The white sand guarding tour, is president of Land Logistics. and over the rolling beach dunes of the No. 1 green was a stark contrast to Seabrook Island is located just 20 Seabrook Island. the plush putting surface. As the tour miles south of Charleston. The island is The visitor, obviously impressed by progressed, the two participants mentally bordered on the east by the Atlantic the natural beauty of the new resort hit golf shots and discussed the course, Ocean and the North Edisto River and development, repeatedly expressed designed by Willard C. Byrd of Atlanta tidal creeks on the others. amazement at the undulating topography. and opened for limited play in July. Gonzalez quickly pointed out the pre­ Small lakes and tidal creeks blended with Along the way the host apologized for his valence of flat sand dollar shells on the gigantic live oaks and lush palmetto enthusiasm and pointed out the site for beach. "You just can't walk there some­ groves which suddenly gave way to the the first condominiums and, at the same times without stepping on them," he white sands of the front beach. The flight time, stressed that 1,000 of Seabrook's explained. He also pointed out the island of waterfowl overhead and the quiet 2,200 acres are dedicated to remain as is the natural nesting ground of the great excitement of discovering fresh deer open space. Also, particular emphasis was loggerhead turtle which the Seabrook tracks punctuated the visitor's impression given to the exclusion of hotels and Island Co. has taken measures to protect of Seabrook. As the vehicle made new convention facilities. Gonzalez, who has from nest robbers. turns, each revealing new sights of natural been associated with resorts and land The master development plan projects beauty, the visitor's repeated comment developments for over 30 years, empha­ 1,236 single-family homesites and 1,415 was, "I didn't know any place like this sized Seabrook Island is a private resort­ multi-family residences. Density will not existed in South Carolina." residential community. exceed 1 % residential units per acre. Lots Not many others did either, not even "Our facilities will be among the finest are available on the golf courses, in the South Carolinians themselves; but now anywhere," he said as he swept his hand forests, along the beach and beside tidal people from all sections of the nation are in the direction of the Beach and Cabana marshes. Gonzalez explained the private finding out that South Carolina's Low­ Club now under construction and the site character of Seabrook requires lots be Country islands are among the most of the future Seabrook Island Club shown by appointment. There are no beautiful semitropical islands anywhere. House. "And, they will be for the ex­ minimum size or price requirements on Seabrook is such an island and is being clusive use of our members and guests." residential construction. Gonzalez point­ developed to accommodate a leisure life­ The cart traced the route of Golf ed out emphatically, however, that all style in keeping with its rich natural Course No. 1 through tropical forests, designs must be in good taste, compatible qualities. past petrified trees, over tidal marshes and accompanied by detailed architec­ "That's what I mean. When all the and into the teeth of a brisk sea breeze on tural and landscape plans that protect the developing is over, it is our intention for the ocean holes. The visitor seemed par­ natural qualities of the homesite. Twen­ Seabrook Island to absorb its residents so ticularly fascinated with the view from ty-four hour security is already provided. they become a part of the island rather No. 12 green of white-capped waves "Our objective is to develop Seabrook than inundating the space, which is usu­ rolling up the wide beach. His excitement Island in a manner that enhances its ally the case. And we think we are was heightened again as he imagined natural assets," Gonzalez said. "We are accomplishing just that." hitting an iron shot at the flag on No. 14, striving to cause Seabrook Island to repre­ As Gonzalez spoke, his tanned face a small green resting in the lap of a high sent a gracious, unhurried, but exciting broke into a wide grin when the informal sand dune and protected by a variety of way of life. We truly believe we are tour arrived at the first 18-hole golf coastal vegetation. A noted landscape achieving just that."

54 Sandlapper gg f:l6l nqopo .,...... ,..,, ...... ,...... ,......

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HILTON HEAD, A SEA ISLAND By HARVEY MAN NING CHRONICLE. By Virginia C. Holmgren. $5.95. BACKPACKING, ONE STEP AT A A LAURENS COUNTY SKETCHBOOK. TIME. By Harvey Manning. $7.95. PORT ROYAL UNDER SIX FLAGS. By By Julian Stevenson Bolick. $12.50. Katharine M. Jones. $5.00. THE COMPLETE WALKER. By Colin A FAIRFIELD SKETCHBOOK. By Fletcher. $7.95. PAWLEYS ISLAND ... A LIVING Julian Stevenson Bolick. $13.50. LEGEND. By Charlotte Kaminski Prevost UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA & Effie Leland Wilder. $5.00. BATTLEGROUND OF FREEDOM. VOLUME I. SOUTH CAROLINA COL­ South Carolina in the Revolution. By Nat LEGE. By Daniel Walker Hollis. $5.00. TALES OF EDISTO. By Nell S. Graydon. and Sam Hilborn. $20.00. $5.95. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA SWAMP FOX, The Life and Campaigns of VOLUME II. COLLEGE TO UNIVER­ TALES OF COLUMBIA. By Nell S. General Francis Marion. By Robert D. SITY. By Daniel Walker Hollis $5.00. Graydon. $6.50. Bass. $6.95. 300 YEARS OF CAROLINA COOKING, TALES OF BEAUFORT. By Nell S. ANOTHER JEZEBEL, A Yankee Spy in Including Game Preparation, prepared by Graydon. $6.95. South Carolina. By Nell S. Graydon. the Junior League of Greenville, Inc. Paper $3.75. $4.50. A SEA ISLAND LADY. By Francis Gris­ wold. $9.95. THE COLLECTED SHORT STORIES THE SOUTH CAROLINA COOK BOOK, OF JULIA PETERKIN, Selected and Revised Edition, Collected and Edited by LEGACY OF BEAUTY, The Story of Edited and with an Introduction. By the Sou th Carolina Extension Home­ Magnolia Gardens. By Dolores Lashley. Frank Durham. $12.95. maker Council and the Clemson Exten­ $6.50. sion Home Economics Staff. $4.95. With each $10.00 purchase, you can buy one or more of the bonus books below at THE WILLIAMSBURG COOKBOOK, Traditional and Contemporary Recipes the special price shown: ------• adapted from the Taverns and Inns of BRIDGING THE GAP. By Laura Smith BONUS Colonial Williamsburg. By Letha Booth Ebaugh. Reg. $7.50, Special $2.75. and the Staff of Colonial Williamsburg. BOOKS $5.95. SOUTH CAROLINA BIRD LIFE. By Alexander Sprunt, Jr. & E. Burnham CAROLINA LANDSCAPE PLANTS. By Chamberlain. Reg. $25.00, Special $5.00. R. Gordon Halfacre. $7.95.

SOUTH CAROLINA, A SHORT HIS­ THE LIVING BIBLE, Paraphrased. TORY. By David Duncan Wallace. Reg. $9.95. $14.95, Special $5.00.

PLANTATION HERITAGE IN UP­ S. C. residents, please include 4 percent COUNTRY, SOUTH CAROLINA. By sales tax. 50 cents postage 1st book, 25 Kenneth F. and Blanche Marsh. Reg. cents each additional book. $7.50, Special $3.50. DISPENSARY BOTTLE PRICING. Reg. $1.00. Free. CHARLESTON FURNITURE 1700- sandlapper 1825. By E. Milby Burton. Reg. $14.95, Special $7.50. Bookstore & Gallery, Inc. 400 W. Main St., Lexington CHARLESTON GARDENS. By Loutrel W. Briggs. Reg. $17.95, Special $3.50. P.O. Box 841 Lexington, S.C. 29072 w.-.._._._._._ ••••••-...... ,,.•••• _...... _ ••••••• ,,._...... _. •• .,,_._...... _._ •• ._ • ...._v.,,.-.• •• .._ ...... -.-.•.-.•.-. • 1)1~ . ·- - . ~----- ... ,.,_,· ~~... ~"' i· ~~F ~ -- ,--_::~-..-..i. . _. ~~ . I A .,/:-,. '- t' / Lr .·· .._,.,.. ···- ~·N ~ ill\~, r. ~".l- //.)~ , Children's ~~.l,,j, \ ,,·~~-. • •: w''') ....~ ••· . .~.., .• . (:• ,.,.;/!' · / . . }.~ \ \ ~ - .,,. " ,- . 'ii• . • I l \'J+,.. Crafts ~i\~, ~,:~~f··... :. "'~-.·· · .· ;J. ~~ . .r. '-(/~~·._.,,lifril• 1··· ~ • ' ~'~~;' .... .,,~m...., ! • • .I .- ·. ,,~•,I.,. I , By Nancy Chi rich ~i?~' ~.~L~~.. ~ . ~ ~j>, ~- >)~ ~~-..1 .. ~«,. .•'.'._·~,,, ...... , ...... -· - ~ 0 . '-. . ~~ ·. . '.. . . . ;• Iij@ O ""' @ ~ -f~~~~~~~ ' :--".JQ, P.' l..!il..!. - -f~~---14",~~.1'-:'·~, --....~ llilfil@@nm~~ New In terest in an Old Craft aking rubbings of carved stone or interesting designs to rub-historical best design. Maybe you will prefer to rub metal is an increasingly popular markers (often placed too high to get at), only a small part of a carving, such as an Mcraft. In England it is so popular manhole covers (watch for traffic), street angel or flower or a few interesting that people have to make reservations signs set in the sidewalks-just about words. · before they do rubbings of carvings in old everywhere you look. Some of the most You will get the best results with a cathedrals. In New York, one lady sets up fascinating carvings are to be found in old carving that is not too deep. Indented roadblocks and traffic detours so she can graveyards. If you are worried about a designs, where the carving is lower than make rubbings of manhole covers. gift for a person who has everything, a the stone's surface, will make your rub­ Stone and metal rubbings are a valu­ framed rubbing makes an unusual bing background colored and the design able aid to archeologists as they study present. white. Raised designs will look like regu­ cultures of ancient times through arti­ The first step is to assemble your lar printing and may have to be cleaned facts. Maybe some day you will have an rubbing kit-a large paper bag which up later with an eraser. opportunity to make important rubbings should contain: After you have chosen a design and for an archeological expedition-it could • crayons of several dark and light brushed it off, fasten your paper all happen. Suppose you are in a Mayan ruin shades, so you can experiment and around with masking tape. deep in a tropical rainforest in Central find which looks the best, or pieces Make a fist, and with the heel of your America. The carving you want to study of charcoal or chalk hand rub gently all over the design until is only four inches away from your nose • a large roll of masking tape you can see a faint outline of it. and the light is terrible, so your camera is • scissors Take the wrapping \ off the crayon, of no use. In a case like this, you would • an old toothbrush to dust off your break it in half and worit over the rubbing want to make a rubbing. stone before you apply the paper area gently until you see the whole Soon after paper was invented in • several sheets of newsprint (or other design. Then press down harder with China-almost 2,000 years ago-people not-too-thick paper). color. You will find that the best way to began to make rubbings. The first were hold the crayon is not as you would hold made by Buddhist pilgrims who wanted This comes in tablets of various sizes at a pencil, but hold it so that it sits almost to prove they had visited a holy place, art supply stores, or perhaps a newspaper flat. You may also use chalk or charcoal. usually a temple which was elaborately manager might let you have some un­ In graveyards which have not had carved. As different religions spread printed sheets if you tell him what they much attention, beware of "critters." throughout the Orient, so did rubbings, are for. Some South Carolina snakes don't realize until some of the soft stone carvings of All of the above, including any scraps that they are supposed to begin hiber­ the Far East were almost worn smooth­ of paper or whatever, go back into the nating in cooler weather. in recent years not so much by pilgrims as bag when you are ready to go home. The Also, check on the time the gates by tourists. To protect beautiful carvings Grafter's Creed: Don't litter, indoors or closf!. You wouldn't want to get locked in like those, for example, on the shrine at out! a g-g-g-graveyard, would you? Angkor Wat in Cambodia, rubbings may Get permission of the person in charge Happy Halloween! now be bought only through government of the place where you wish to make a departments. rubbing. Nancy Chirich is a free-lance writer from In South Carolina there are many Look around carefully to select the Charleston.

October 1973 57 OCTOBEB~ ~ ~ AGOODT:DIE TO GET 4 BEAD ST.ABT~ OHTOUI\ ~ C11Bl8TB48 8110PPIHG!

Sandlapper makes a great Christmas gift, and October is the perfect ti me for ordering Christmas subscriptions: only $12.00 for twelve issues, $20.00 for 24, or $30.00 for 36. (Please add 4 percent S. C. sales tax to subscriptions sent to S. C. addresses.)

To give Sandlapper as a Christmas gift, co m­ plete the form below (o r facs imi le) arid mail it along with a check for the appropri­ ate amount . Sandlapper w ill make su re that your gift subscription begins with the month you indicate.

Sandlapper--the all-year-round Christmas gift!

(PLEASE PUT ADDITIONAL ORDERS FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS ON A SEPARATE SHEET) For your convenience, use the return envelope enclosed in this magazine. ______...., ~----

Sandlappt'r If this is a gift, please complete P. 0. Box 1668 the following: Columbia, S.C. 29202 SEND TO: From

STREET ______City CITY ____~TATE, ____...L.,IP ___

D New State D Renewal Subscription to begin with ______issue. D Gift Zip Code amellias are among the finest of shrubs for South Carolina, where mild winter Ctemperatures prevail. Before buying plants, be sure you know which varieties are adapted to your area. This information can be obtained by contacting a nurseryman, garden club, camellia society, neighbors or your local and/or state agriculture agencies. There are three species of camellias in general cultivation in the United States: Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua and Camellia reticulate. Camellia japonica is the hardiest of the three species and the best for planting in South Carolina. It has glossy leaves and blooms from late winter through spring. Camellia sasanqua is almost as hardy as Camellia japonica, also has thick glossy \ leaves and blooms in October or Novem­ ber. The third variety, Camellia reticulate, 1) justifiably can be called the tenderest of the three, because it can be grown out­ doors only in southern California; in :~ other areas it needs indoor protection. For local sale most nurseries will sell I camellia plants in a container or with a burlap-wrapped ball of soil around the roots. In order to save on shipping rates, most mail-order nurseries generally ship plants with bare roots in order to save on shipping charges. As a rule, it is better to purchase container-grown or ball and burlapped plants if possible, because they d/.M ,(/~ kJ. Sp!UI«; B~ are easier to establish than bare-rooted plants. Purchase plants that are about two years old; plants of this age are about 18 to 24 inches tall. Make sure that they are By Albert P. Hout healthy. Plants should be well branched from top to bottom. You will probably get healthier plants if you select those with the greatest number of healthy leaves. When plants are chosen like this, you probably get those with the best root systems. In South Carolina fall is the best time to plant camellias. A great deal of thought should be given in locating a planting site for camellias. It should provide alternating sunshine and shade in summer and complete shade and protec­ tion from winds in the winter. A site under pine trees or on the north side of a building should provide these conditions. Camellias that have fully matured spread five or six feet in diameter; there­ fore, set the plants at least three feet away from buildings and each other; if they are to be used as hedge plants, set them every five to six feet. This will provide a compact hedge when the plants are fully grown. - Photos by Russell Maxey If your soil is well drained, dig plant­ ing holes about twice the width and depth of the root ball. Refill the hole in burlap, do not remove the burlap until plant. Fill up the rest of the hole with a slightly more than half full with good the base of the plant is firmly established; mixture consisting of equal parts soil and soil. Tamp the soil to provide a firm base then clip the twine holding the burlap organic matter: peat moss, weathered for the plant. and trim off the excess burlap as far sawdust or muck from a freshwater If the roots of the plant are wrapped down as possible without disturbing the pond. Press the mixture firmly around

October 1973 59 the root ball and water thoroughly. If the soil is heavy and poorly drained, plant camellias in mounds. In order to set the plant in a mound, first dig a hole about one-fourth to one-half the depth of the root ball and the same diameter as the root ball. Set the plant in the hole and build a mound around it with a half-and­ half mixture of topsoil and peat moss to a height of several inches above the original soil level. Slope the soil away from the i 1 plant so it extends two to three feet from J I / ' the root ball. Then scoop the loose soil I away from the base of the main stem to make a basin for holding water. Fill the basin with water and soak the mound thoroughly to settle the soil around the plant's roots. After planting, apply a mulch and maintain it continually. Mulching reduces fluctuations in soil temperatures, con­ serves soil moisture and helps to prevent weeds from growing. For mulching material use granulated peat, pine needles or weathered sawdust. Apply it two or three inches deep over the root zone. Oak leaves, forest debris, bagasse and similar coarse materials also are satisfactory. All are good if kept at a depth of two to four inches. Normal rainfall in South Carolina ordinarily provides enough moisture for mulched camellias. During droughts, how­ ever, the plants should be watered at weekly intervals. When you water, soak ecstasy the ground thoroughly. . . Camellias may need light fertilizing during the first growing season. Apply it 1n music ... in the spring when the plants are begin­ ning growth. After the first growing season, organic matter usually furnishes enough nutrients to the plants. If the plants are making six to eight inches of new growth a year, no fertilizer is needed. Overfertilizing pro­ motes loose, open growth that spoils the compact habit of the plant. If fertilizer is needed, broadcast cottonseed meal over the root area at a WXTC *FM* Stereo 97 rate of 8 to 16 ounces per plant, or use a fertilizer formulated especially for camel­ Charleston, S.C. lias. These special formulations are availa­ ble at garden supply stores. Apply them according to the directions on the pack­ age. Camellias grow well without pruning; but if you do need to remove dead, injured or diseased branches or to reduce the size of the plants, the best time to do it is after the plants have bloomed. Make pruning cuts back to a bud or a larger branch. Treat pruning wounds larger than one-half inch in diameter. Pull weeds out by hand. Do not use hoes or other tools; they may injure the surface roots of the plants.

Albert P. Hout is a free-lance writer from Appomattox, Virginia.

60 Sandlapper HHO.L3H.LIH3HV ONV· S.LHV HAI.LVH03HO Sfl30tl

UMOJ8 Ja6pv' Ag ' Above right, the John Quincy Adams room in the new State Department Building, furnished with exquisite period pieces. Below, George Hartness, founder and sponsor of the local symposium, relaxes in his gallery.

n an era when downright ugliness is so a Columbian whose entire life has in one munds, director of the Historic Charles­ often glorified and cultivated in cloth­ way or another been concerned with an ton Foundation; Christine Heineman, Iing styles, in buildings and in home active love for the beautiful. Through his nationally known authority in horticul­ furnishings, the fourth annual Decorative personal interest in the arts and architec­ ture and a leading collector of antiques; Arts and Architecture Symposium to be ture, Hartness has not only achieved an Carl Christian Dauterman, for 20 years a held in Columbia this fall represents a eminent place for himself in the field, but curator of decorative arts at the Metro­ valiant fight to maintain the supremacy he has, during the past several years, been politan Museum of Art in New York; and of beauty and elegance in American life. able to attract for the symposium some Clement E. Conger, chairman of the The symposium will be held at the of the best-known authorities in the Special Fine Arts Committee, Depart­ Columbia Museum of Art November 13, United States. Four visiting experts in the ment of State. 14 and 15, under the auspices of One field of the arts and architecture will The upcoming symposium continues Thousand Gervais (Palmetto Interiors); participate in this fall's symposium, in­ the program which Hartness began in or, more specifically, by George Hartness, cluding Frances R. (Mrs. S. Henry) Ed- November 1970, when the program in­ cluded sessions held by such outstanding Symposium speaker Clement E. Conger chose the furnish­ leaders in the arts and architecture as Dr. ings for the new State Department Building. The Treaty of William Seale, a native of Texas, who Paris desk shown here is an example of the historically served as director of the Midlands Tricen­ important pieces located in the John Quincy Adams room. tennial Center; Elinor Gordon of Vil­ lanova, Pennsylvania, one of the world's foremost authorities on Chinese export porcelain; J. Jefferson Miller, curator of ceramics history at the Smithsonian Insti­ tution; and C. Wallace Martin of Colum­ bia, vice president for development at the University of South Carolina, world traveler and photographer of the great houses of Europe. The 1971 symposium featured as speakers Augusta Rembert Walsh, art history lecturer, retired from the Univer­ sity of South Carolina faculty and a world traveler; Mrs. Joseph V. McMullan, renowned expert on Islamic rugs; Joseph Kindig III of York, Pennsylvania, con­ sultant to many museums and an out­ standing authority on historical restora­ tion of the 18th and early 19th centuries; the Honorable Desmond Guinness, found­ er of the Irish Georgian Society and devoted to the preservation of Georgian architecture in Ireland; and Elinor Gordon, who made her second appear­ ance in Columbia, speaking on Chinese export porcelains. Last year's symposium again featured Mrs. Walsh and Mr. Kindig, in addition to Marvin D. Schwartz, member of the Metropolitan Museum art staff; and Frederick D. Nichols, lecturer for many museums and historical symposia and chairman of the School of Architecture at the University of Virginia. George Hartness has always appeared as a speaker at these symposia and will again this fall. Hartness' interest in the decorative arts and architecture began during his childhood in York when he happened to see a workman, armed only with a piece of broken window glass,

62 Sandlapper - Ph otos courtesy U.S. Department of State

-Photo by Dane Edens scrape away old coats of paint to reveal the gleaming wood and exquisite inlay of what proved to be a Hepplewhite cup­ board. That was apparently a magic moment for young George, one which was to spark a lifelong interest in antique furniture and beauty wherever he found it, especially in the stately houses and public buildings of Europe, a topic about which he will discourse at this year's symposium. The three-day session will begin with a discussion by Clement Conger on "Mas­ terpieces of Americana in the Diplomatic Reception Rooms, Department of State," and will also include a presentation titled "Drayton Hall-A Preservation Oppor­ tunity for South Carolina," by Frances R. Edmunds. Wednesday's program will include "The White House Today" by Con­ ger, "The Great Houses of Europe" by Hartness and his wife, Isola Sherrerd Hartness, and "Holiday Arrangements in Antiques" and "Holiday Arrangements in Canton China" by Mrs. Heineman.

October 1973 63 The final day's program will include "The History of the French Chair" and "Sevres Porcelain" by Carl C. Dauterman. Each of the speakers has attained an eminent place in his field. Clement Conger spearheaded the work of the Fine Arts Committee in the acqu­ isition of prestige furnishings for the diplomatic reception rooms in the new State Department Building. It was Conger who recommended the inclusion of such rooms in the new building, which was completed in 1961. He also initiated the program of acquisition of furnishings for these rooms through gifts and loans. In the 10 years he has been involved in the program, the collections of fine period American furniture, historic American paintings and decorative arts in the rooms are now valued at well over $7 million, and the furniture collection is acknowl­ edged to be the most important in the Washington area. Carl Dauterman has been curator of decorative arts at the Metropolitan Muse­ um of Art for 20 years. He combines This Sevres porcelain plate, from a service of 520 pieces made for museum work with teaching; as an ad­ the Grand Marshal of the court of Catherine II, will illustrate Carl junct professor, he conducts a series of C. Dauterman's lecture. Below, the interior of Charleston's courses for Columbia University in the Drayton Hall, subject of a lecture on preservation opportunities.

64 Sandlapper THE FOURTH ANNUAL DECORATIVE ARTS AND ARCHITECTURE SYMPOSIUM SPONSORED BY ONE THOUSAND GERVAIS 1000 GERVAIS ST. COLUMBIA, S. C. NOVEMBER 13-14-15 AT COLUMBIA MUSEUM OF ART INQUIRIES INVITED -Photo by Dane Edens AT MUSEUM George Hartness displays a Queen Anne chinoiserie, a cabinet on frame, made in England circa 1730. historical development of furniture, and professional journals in the field of ceramics, silver and ornament design. preservation, and has lectured extensively Dauterman is internationally known as a throughout the country and participated writer and lecturer in European and in numerous symposia on many aspects 0 American decorative arts. He is a frequent of her specialty. ORIENTAL lecturer at museums from coast to coast Christine Heineman is a well-known and at leading forums for collectors. He personality on the eastern seaboard. She RUGS has conducted much original research, spent many years operating her own tea ALL SIZES-ALL PRICES especially in the field of ceramics, result­ room, Mammy's Pantry, in Brooklyn ing in four books, among them catalogues Heights, and for 22 years she has been NEW AND ANTIQUE., of the famous Wrightman and Kress active in the garden club world. Mrs. collections at the Metropolitan Museum. Heineman is past chairman of the garden In addition, he is author of a long list of department of the Community Club of articles in European and American maga­ Garden City, New York, and past presi­ zines. dent of the Talbot County Garden Club Frances R. Edmunds was awarded the of Talbot County, on Maryland's Eastern Louise duPont Crowninshield award by Shore. She is also a director of District ..... \ ...:~~, the National Trust for Historic Preserva­ One Federated Garden Clubs of Mary­ rri j tion in 1971 for "superlative achievement land. By invitation, she has lectured and t' ~S;.11 in the preservation and interpretation of taught in 10 Eastern states and has ~/f' sites, buildings and objects significant in exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of l :~ American history and culture." In 1968 Art, Woodlawn Museum in Virginia, the the trust awarded her a preservation Baltimore Museum, the governor's home t~;.~l,d citation for significant achievement. In in New Jersey and at Hampton House in [ r I :."-: ,· ., ·,,· ··11 1972 Mrs. Edmunds received the first Baltimore. Mrs. Heineman is an ardent t -;;'!-· ! ;:o~ !j honorary degree presented a woman from collector of 18th- and 19th-century an­ t-'~t· ' t:!i. the College of Charleston, of which she is tiques and owns an outstanding collection .~~ ~. --:- ----. . ·- -. ___), •.J a graduate. She has also received recogni­ of Canton china and furniture of the if '-ii.:'¢: ~,.";·•Se:· ~~ ..... ; ' ' '1 ~!~-~~t .. f.~,~ .· .•~y.+,·~~.' I tion from the Association of Charleston periods. Realtors for increasing real estate values This year's symposium, as always, is through area preservation, and awards for open to everyone with an interest in the strengthening the inner city from three arts, in decoration and in architecture. "WeBISTANY'S clean and repair oriental rugs." organizations: Historic Savannah Details may be obtained by calling the Directions: (Georgia) Foundation, the Preservation Columbia Museum of Art. Go to 2400 Two Notch Rd ., Columbia, Society of Charleston and the American Turn at Kay o St ati on Institute of Architects. She has written a Adger Brown is cultural affairs editor for and sto p at 1703 McFadden Street. number of articles for Antiques ml!gazine The State. a 2s 2-s11 1 E

October 1973 65 The Adam's Apple (pennission to disregard previous instructions) A while back we introduced a nice, simple drink called the Adam's Apple. Apparently our Adam's Apple was too simple. People couldn't resist the temptation to com­ plicate it.Thats OK with us. One guy we know made it a short drink so there'd be room in his tall glass for apple slices To make• C ams Apple, pour an ounce or so and cinnamon sticks. of Smirnoff in an ice-filled We've heard of people adding glass (tall or short). Add cloves, nutmeg, lemon juice, apple juice or apple cider. even crushed mint. Is there no end to this mad­ Smirnoff ness? We certainly hope not. leaves you breathless~ (Continued from page 10) 16 ing. This decrepitude first reached the ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Byrnes Auditorium-Concert best white wines, especially the sweet by Odetta, American Folk Music, 8 p.m. 18 ones, the Sauternes which are disappear­ SUMTER-Sumter High School, Haynsworth Campus-Con­ ing. On the other hand, Burgundy is going cert by "World's Greatest Jazz Band," Sumter-Shaw Community Concert Association. 8 :15 p.m. through a difficult period mainly because 19 of an evolution in ways of serving food: GREENVILLE-Founder's Memorial Amphitorium-''Mes­ siah," Combined Choirs, Oratorio Society, and Orchestra People eat less and, above all, fewer very of Bob Jones University, 8 p.m. rich dishes. The prices of Burgundy are 20 MYRTLE BEACH-4th Annual Parade of Barbershop Quar· also consistently high. tets. It does not seem impossible to forsee 22 CLEMSON-Clemson University-Belgrade Chamber Orches­ the day when somewhere in the world tra, Conducted by Antonio Janigro. other wines will be as great as those of 23 SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Junior College-Hydra . . In France. The great French wines are pro­ Concert, A Presentation of Rock Music by an Atlanta Per Vitem ad Vitam duced in regions of very distinctive char­ Group. ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Recital Hall-Concert by Are French Wines Invincible? acteristics. A calculation of probabilities Patricio Cobos, Violin and Jess Casey, Piano, 8 p.m. should be enough to convince us that 23·24 Like civilization, wines are destined to there are some other regions in the world GREENVILLE-Bob Jones University-Takeichiro Hirai, Japanese-Born Cellist, with the Bob Jones University die. We no longer find a bottle from capable of producing wines comparable Symphony Orchestra. ancient Egypt, and we seldom pay atten­ to the French. Regional characteristics 25 GREENVILLE-Furman University McAlister Auditorium­ tion to the Greek, Italian or Spanish are not the only factors involved, but Concert by Greenville Symphony Orchestra, 8:15 p.m. wines which have reigned over Europe who can prove that a well-programmed GREENWOOD-Lander College, Barksdale Physical Education Center-Concert by Peter Nero, 8 p.m. longer than French wines. computer will not find the right vine 26 If the origins of wine in France seem hybrid for the right soil and climate and SPARTANBURG-Converse College, Blackman Music Build­ ing-Artist·Faculty Recital by Violinist Joseph Fischer, 8 very old (the vineyard of Cote Rotie in the right blend and find in hours, perhaps p.m. the Rhone Valley was planted in 600 seconds, what it took centuries for monks 27 CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium­ B.C.), its fame is relatively recent. Of to discover? Charleston Symphony Association Concert, 8:30 p.m. course, there are exceptions; the vines Also, remember that scientific vinific­ ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Byrnes Auditorium-U .S. Army Field Band Concert, 8 p.m. from Bordeaux have "been well known ation discovered by Pasteur is more re­ 29 since the Middle Ages, as were the wines cent than the success of French wine. SPARTANBURG-Converse College, Twichell Auditorium­ Concert by Spartanburg Symphony Orchestra with Peter from Alsace and Cahors which disap­ Science already allows artificial youth or Nero, 8 p.m. peared only to be reborn during the 20th aging, new tastes and other processes for CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium-Ferrante and Tiecher, Concert. century. successful wine production. 30 The wines from the Loire Valley won American money and power, wines ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Recital Hall-Concert by the Trinity Singers, 8 p.m. their fame during the Renaissance, but from California, South America, Spain, the Burgundies were revealed to the Italy, Germany, North and South Africa theatre public during the 17th century. Cham­ are a threat to the French reign over pagne was invented during the 18th cen­ dinner tables. OCTOBER tury, and Beaujolais, unknown until that Above all, suppose that some chairman 1·4 ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Johnson Auditorium-"The time, gained some fame and became truly of the board of a multinational beverage Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in·the-Moon Marigolds," by fashionable at the beginning of the 20th company decides to make wine; within Zindel, 8 p.m. 1·6 century. As for the Sauterne, which is not 10 years he could replace his product SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Little Theatre-"Cabaret," 8 more than a century old, it is still possible with a wine which certainly would not be p.m. 4·20 to find the real first bottle of Chateau French and perhaps would not even be GREENVILLE-Greenville Little Theatre-"George M!" 8 D'Yquem. made of grapes. p.m. 5·20 This recent power of French wines What a requiem for a civilization! COLUMBIA-Town Theatre-"Fiddler on the Roof," 8:30 should at least have the qualities of p.m. 12-14 youth; yet, on the contrary, we see signs Jean-Pierre Chambas is associated with SPARTANBURG-Camp Croft-"Witch's Lullaby,'' Spartan­ of decrepitude and even senility appear- The Wine and Cheese Cellar in Columbia. burg Youth Theatre, 4:30 and 7:30 p.m. 13 COLUMBIA-Columbia College, Cottingham Theatre-Pre­ miere Performance of SCORE (South Carolina Open Road Ensemble), 8:30 p.m. NOVEMBER 15 1·3 Through October 21 CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium-"God­ CHESTER-Chester Little Theatre-"The King and I." COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-''Shorelines," Oils by spell." 5 Walter Greer. 17 CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium-''No Sex COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-Charles Mason Crow­ CLEMSON-Clemson University-"Godspell.'' Please-We're British." son Retrospective. 18·20, 23·27 6-8 COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-Three Sculptors of GREENVILLE-Furman University-"The Taming of the HARTSVILLE-Coker College-Elizabethan Festival. American Realism (Charles, Christopher, Eric Parks). Shrew," Furman Theatre Guild, Theatre '74 Playhouse, 8·10 Through October 28 8:15 p.m. DUE WEST-Erskine College-''Dear Brutus," Erskine College COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-"Taste of the 'Seces­ 18-22 Players, 8 p.m. sionists,'" An Exhibit by Klint, Schiele and Kokoschka. CLEMSON-Clemson University, Food Industrial Auditori­ 8·10, 15-17 OCTOBER um-"Iolanthe," Clemson Little Theatre, 8 p.m. CLEMSON-Clemson University, Daniel Auditorium-"The 1-5 18-27 Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in·the-Moon Marigolds," LAURENS-Palmetto Bank-Exhibit of Paintings by Tom FLORENCE-Florence Little Theatre-''Hello Dolly,'' 8 p.m. Clemson Players, 8 p.m. Witlis. 20 9-10, 12-17 1·10 GREENVILLE-Concert Center-Reader's Theatre Program of SPARTANBURG-Spartanburg Little Theatre-"Black Com· CHARLESTON--Oibbes Art Gallery-"The Presidency: Ir­ 18th-Century Literature by Members of the Bob Jones edy," 8 p.m. reverent and Relevant," An Exhibit of Prints from Pratt University Speech Faculty, 8 p.m. 9-17 Graphics Center. 23-November 4 COLUMBIA-Town Theatre-''Sleuth,'' 8:30 p.m. 1·14 COLUMBIA-Workshop Theatre-"The Legend of Sleepy Hol­ SPARTANBURG-The Gallery-Exhibit of Batiks and Paint­ low," 8 p.m. ings by Sue Brandon. 25·28 1·20 GAFFNEY-Limestone College, Fullerton Auditorium-"My art GREENVILLE---Greenville County Museum of Art-Video Fair Lady," Limelight Players, 8 p.m. Traveling Show from Everson Museum of Syracuse, N.Y. 26 Through October 15 1·30 ANDERSON-Anderson ,College, Main Auditorium-"The ROCK HILL-Winthrop College, Rutledge Building-Exhibit BEAUFORT-Bay at Charles Branch of Bank of Beaufort­ Medium," An Opera by Carlo Menotti, Presented by the of Paintings and Sculpture by David Freeman and Mary Exhibit of Paintings and Graphics by George Bauman. Anderson College Department. Mintich.

October 1973 67 The team without the ball, the defensive team, tries to keep them from doing it." 11-November 8 COLUMBIA-Betsy Havens Aesthetics-Exhibit of Paintings how-to and vv "Well, the whole thing seems offensive and Graphics by Jane Lyon. to me. It seems like the gold pants should 12-13 HARTSVILLE-"Arts '73," Hartsville Arts Festival. give the white pants another chance. It's 14-19 just not fair-all those big guys jumping SPARTANBURG-Arts Center-50th Anniversary Exhibit of How Not to Watch Football Spartanburg Art Club. on one little guy just because he has the 19-November 3 Recently, I was asked to explain to my ball." CHARLESTON-Dock Street Theatre-Exhibit of Paintings by Patricia Schrieber. wife the game of football so she could At this point, the whole discussion 26-November 11 better understand and enjoy watching the seemed rather useless. "Blanche, the LANCASTER-National Guard Armory-15th Annual Springs Mills Art Show. game with me. Against my better judg­ whole idea of the game is to prevent your 20 ment, I agreed. opponent from scoring while trying to CLEMSON-Clemson University-Blue Ridge Art Invitational "Football," I began, "is played with score yourself." Almost immediately I Festival, 9 a.m.-6 p.m. 20-27 an oval-shaped, leather ball with 11 play­ knew I had made another mistake. COLUMBIA-State Fairgrounds-Residency by ARTS, South ers on each team. The football field is "How do you score?" Carolina State Fair. 25-November 15 rectangular with odd-looking poles (goal With the patience of Job, I began, CHARLESTON-Gibbes Art Gallery-" A Survey of Intaglio posts) on each end of the field." "There are basically four ways to score. Print Makings," An Exhibition from Pratt Graphics Center. 27-November 25 Much to my astonishment my wife Hey! Where are you going?" COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-23rd Annual Exhibit was paying attention-to the television, "To get a pencil and paper so I can of the Guild of South Carolina Artists, Juried Selection. COLUMBIA--Columbia Museum of Art-Modern Tapestries by however, not to me. keep score." Dirk Holger. "Why do some teams have gold pants "You don't need to keep score. The and some have white? Some of those scoreboard does it." miscellaneous color combinations are terrible!" "But I forget, and they don't flash the "Blanche, never mind who picks the score every time I forget." ·1 nrough November 30 "Go get the pencil." MYRTLE BEACH-20th Annual Grand Strand Fishing Rodeo. colors. Each team has team colors so they Through October 31 can tell each other apart when playing. "All right, I'm ready. What is a touch­ CHARLESTON-Seventh Annual Charleston Trident Fishing Tournament. And, as to whether the colors are com­ down?" OCTOBER patible, who cares?" "Okay. A touchdown is worth six 1-3 GREENVILLE-Greenville Memorial Auditorium-Antiques "You don't have to get huffy." points, a field goal three points, an extra Show, 1 p.m. "Okay, just forget about the colors. point one point, and a safety two COLUMBIA-Carolina Coliseum-Professional Basketball Ex­ Now, do you have any questions about points." I then explained how each of hibition, N.Y. Nets vs. Carolina Cougars. the game?" these plays is achieved. 8-13 SPARTANBURG-Piedmont Interstate Fair. "Don't those pants hurt? They are "That doesn't make sense! Anybody 11-14 certainly tight, particularly around the .. can carry a football over a white line, but CHARLESTON-Charleston Municipal Auditorium-Nelson ,, Garretts, Inc. Antiques Show and Sale. it is much more difficult to kick, I mean 14-November 18 "What difference does it make, punt, the ball through that funny-looking GEORGETOWN-The Rice Museum-"Mark Clark" Exhibit. 15-20 Blanche? The pants are tight to hold the thing. A field goal should be worth BEAUFORT-Beaufort County Industrial and Agriculture pads in place and cut down on wind more." Fair. ORANGEBURG-Orangeburg County Fair. resistance." "Blanche, I didn't make the rules. And 18-31 By now I guessed the situation was besides, you kick the ball through the MYRTLE BEACH-3rd Indian Summer Days. 19-21 hopeless. "Now look Blanche, if you goalpost, not punt it." CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing "Fall Preview 74," want to watch football with me pay "You just said you punt the ball, not New Cars, Boats, Motorcycles and Major Appliances. TABLE ROCK STATE PARK-Golden Leaves Tour, Eighth attention and forget all those silly ques­ kick it. I thought it looked like kicking all Annual Cycling Tour of the S. C. Mountain Country. tions. Is there anything serious you want the time. You certainly aren't too famil­ 22 CHARLESTON-Middleton Place Gardens and Plantation to know?" iar with this game either." Stableyards-Middleton Place Lancing Tournament, 2 :30 "What is that player doing?" By this time the game had ended with p.m. 22-27 "He is punting the ball." the Redskins winning in the last seconds. COLUMBIA-South Carolina State Fair. "It looks like he is kicking it to me. "What are you so unhappy about?" 24 MYRTLE BEACH-James E. Bryan Memorial Golf Tourna­ Why do you call it punting?" "The game is over, and I missed most ment, Individual and Club Competition Sponsored by the Reluctantly, I admitted I didn't know. of it." Grand Strand Area Golf Association. 24-27 "Well then, why is he kicking, excuse "It's not my fault they played too GREENVILLE-Memorial Auditorium-Hill Skills 303, A me, punting the ball?" fast, so don't be so impatient. Who won Statewide Craft Show. 25-November 3 "Because his team didn't make a first anyway?" CHARLESTON-Coastal Carolina Fair. down." I anticipated the next question, "The Redskins, 17-14." 27 SPARTANBURG-The Breakfast Optimist Club of Spartan· and unfortunately I was right. "Which ones are they? You know I burg Will SI)onsor the "Clinch field Special" Railroad "What is a first down?" don't know all the teams." Excursion Into the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee. "The team with the ball, the offensive "The gold pants won." CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing-Halloween Party. team, has to advance the football 10 "Oh yes. They were the offensive NOVEMBER 1-3 yards or more in order to keep the ball. ones, weren't they?"-Charles Alexander COLUMBIA-Carolina Coliseum-Christmas Show, Potpourri of Exotic and Unusual Decorations, Gifts and Handicrafts for the Holiday Season. 1-31 6 3-4 CLINTON-Presbyterian College- Exhibit of Paintings, Draw­ COLUMBIA- Richland Mall-Exhibit by Artists Guild of JACKSON-Third Annual Southeastern Hobby Fair. ings and Graphics by Pamela Opliger. Columbia, 9 a.m.-6 p.m. 9-11 3-27 6-20 COLUMBIA-Columbia Coliseum-Nelson Garretts, Inc. Prom­ DUE WEST-Erskine College, Exhibition Center-Graphics COLUMBIA-University of South Carolina, Huntington Gal­ enade Antiques Show and Sale. Exhibit by John Boegel, 2-5:30 p.m. lery-Exhibit of Photography by Ron Chapiesky, Judy 5-7 Steinhauser and Wiley Sanderson. SPARTANBURG- Spartanburg Memorial Auditorium-Fifth 7-28 tours Annual Spartanburg Arts and Crafts Show Sponsored by SUMTER-Sumler Gallery of Art-Exhibit of Paintings by the Spartanburg Junior Women's Club. Jeanet S. Dreskin. OCTOBER 5-November 25 9-18 10 CHARLESTON---Gibbes Art Gallery- "The Native American: LAN DR UM-Residency by ARTS (Arts Resource Transporta­ CHARLESTON-Harleston Village Association--Octoberfest Early Images." tion Service). House Tour, 7-10 p.m.

68 Sand lap per Wlten WattJ - aee 'ltiglt san dl~tb~~~ by Elizabeth Verner Hamilton Tradd Street Press $5.95

THE MYSTERY OF THE PIRATE'S first children's novel, The Secret of Tel­ TREASURE. By Idella Bodie. 136 pages. fair Inn, will undoubtedly look forward Sandlapper Press, Inc. $3.95. to this new children's mystery. Perhaps the most meaningful comment one can During a recent television appearance, make about Mrs. Bodie's writing is that Idella Bodie observed that children gen­ made by one of her most devoted uinely like to be frightened. Her latest readers: On being asked why he preferred children's novel, The Mystery of the reading The Mystery of the Pirate 's Treas­ Mrs. Verner's poetic daughter has Pirate 's Treasure, certainly testifies to her ure to playing a game of baseball, he written a lyrical story of two little belief in that generalization. Set in his­ replied " I just can't help myself." JTB girls in a happy Charleston atmos­ toric Charleston, the book is brimming phere. over with spine-tingling scenes, ranging Eleve n-year-old reviewers an­ from the exciting moment when Chris nounce that this is a very fine book discovers the first clue to the where­ ~ ~~\\( <"-\~ '~ 'WhenH IG'WH alls are and true to life. abouts of Stede Bonnet's treasure, For girls it is a timeless classic; for through the night he and a friend spend ~ll; BY ELI ZABETH VERNER HAM ILTON their elders it is timely reading. When in Charleston's Provost Dungeon, and lll--br u== Walls A re High revives the simpli ci ty finally to a search for the treasure and charm of a by-gone era. through one of the city's ghostliest ceme­ teries. In each scene, Mrs. Bodie has masterfully woven just the right elements to stimulate the vivid imaginations of her

TllADDSTREIIT nESS young readers, and through her illustra­ cx.u._, ...... ~ tions for The Mystery of the Pirate's Treasure, Louise Yancey has done much not only to bring alive the book's most WHEN WALLS ARE HIGH. By Elizabeth suspenseful scenes but also to capture the Verner Hamilton. Tradd Street Press. flavor of South Carolina's grand old city. $5.95. Young and old readers of Mrs. Bodie's Little girls often quarrel with their playmates, but Caroline and Felicia de­ cide to create a secret garden as an escape from their disagreeable peer group. They Cf7..add dheet r:Pie1;.1;. choose the unkempt, high-walled yard of a mysterious old recluse , whom they EfizaC-etfz. D'cl\!ei[[ <"Veme'l.. suppose to be out of the country, as the site of their special hideaway. Their en­ dtu.dio - 38 Cf7..add dheet counter with the mysterious Mr. Mc­ Namara leads not only to adventure and Cfz.adHton, C. 29401 the unraveling of a mystery, but also to d. an understanding of kindness, tolerance and human dignity for all the young 'hiaf 722-4246 ladies involved. Set in an exclusive Charleston neighborhood of a past era,

October 1973 69 the novel combines reading adventure Clemmie, however, refuses to believe that ously, but beneath the farce looms the with a lesson in dealing with our fellow Oxie will abandon her. When Oxie does spectre of tenacious false values with the human beings that will never be dated. leaN"e, she tries to save face by dreaming accompanying accepted larceny as long as Written by the daughter of Elizabeth up the story that Oxie had arranged for a it is committed by the right people. The O'Neill Verner, When Walls Are High is prominent citizen from the other side of Gaudy Place proves the talent of its attractively illustrated by Laura Peck and town to handle her. author as a comedian aware that subtlety will be enjoyed by the pre- and early­ Meanwhile, on the other side of town, is surer than a sledgehammer and that adolescent set. DMC Linn Harper, the son of a college profes­ sentiment is sappy. SKS sor, has gotten just high enough on beer THE GAUDY PLACE. By Fred Chappell. to bet he could commit a crime for no STORMY PETREL: N. G. GONZALES Harcourt, Brace, and Jovanovich. $5.95. reason. Caught trying to get into a AND HIS ST ATE. By Lewis Pinckney chicken feed warehouse, Linn refuses to Jones. (Tricentennial Study, No. 8.) 352 In writing The Gaudy Place, the Tar­ give his name to the police in a belated pages. University of South Carolina Press. heel author has dished up some tasty effort to protect the family honor. Rec­ $9.95. home cooking that is a side dish rather ognizing Linn in jail, Oxie becomes a link than a main course. His "receipt" calls for between the two sides of town. Uncle On the afternoon of Jan. 15, 1903, the a mixture of seasonings-the setting of Zeb, Linn's great-uncle and an acceptably vitriolic editor of The State newspaper hilly, rocky western North Carolina, corrupt city father, becomes another link was gunned down in front of the state people from the poor section of a town when Arkie takes him for the man in capitol by Lt.-Gov. James Tillman, neph­ and those from the right side of the Clemmie's fiction. ew of "Pitchfork Ben." On encountering tracks, and a clear understanding of the In his abandonment of the Southern N. G. Gonzales, Tillman whipped out a mores of the area. When it all comes to a gothic for modern Southern realism pistol and fired a bullet that went simmering boil, the thick mass pops a permeated with sardonic comedy, the through the newspaperman's body. Lying couple of times, spraying the unwary. writer-in-residence at the University of against the building, the unarmed victim Fourteen-year-old Arkie, accustomed North Carolina at Greensboro has some glared at his assailant and cried, "Shoot to hard scrabbling to hustle a buck in the fun with the hill social caste founded on again, you coward!" Thus ended a color­ Gimlet Street ghetto, has his eye on family. Family stems, according to Chap­ ful era in South Carolina journalism. Clemmie, a 19-year-old prostitute whose pell, not from old moneyed and dis­ Narcisco Gener Gonzales was the pimp is Oxie. Arkie figures that Oxie, tinguished ancestors, but runs to boot­ product of an unorthodox marriage be­ leaving the ghetto to become a bondsman leggers, snuff-dippers, tobacco-spitters, tween the daughter of William Elliott, the and gambler, will be turning loose his coon hunters, drunkards, psychopaths noted literary figure of Charleston, and a string of hustlers and that Clemmie will and town politicians. The author portrays Cuban revolutionary. He was thus born to then be in the market for a new stringer. each indulgently and somewhat hilari- the staunchest traditions of the state while, at the same time, he was destined to be a man apart. Where his state was concerned, Gonzales was the patriot who would criticize his land because he loved Today, as in all ages , men t urn t o it and wished it progress and improve­ poet ry to record t heir deepest ment. t houghts. Patches of Carolina Gonzales worked for the Greenville Sun is an epilogue t o News and the Charleston News and the 197 2 Sout h Courier, becoming Columbia correspond­ Carolina Amateur ent for the latter. He grew to love the city Poetry Contest, t he and to be one of its foremost boosters. It most successful in our state's h ist ory. was there in 1891 that he founded The This volume includes State to oppose the forces of Tillmanism, those award-w inning the state's personalized "Agrarian Re­ entries judged best . volt." While Gonzales' battles against Tillman were to continue for almost a The subjects, images, and decade, the two never felt any personal sce nes in Patches of Caro­ enmity for each other, and, indeed, some lina Sun unmist akabl y contain t he true f lavor of respect. It was "Jim Tillmanism" that was South Carolina. If there is to bring Gonzales to his death. He early any unity in the work, it is t he decided that the younger Tillman had no unity of diversity, for t he " new character and the feud between them voices" are t hose of business- began in 1890. If it deprived Gonzales of men , housewives , college pro­ his life, his editorial attacks may well fessors, students, and children. have deprived Tillman of the governor­ Patches of Carolina Sun w ill make a ship. warm and enriching volume for your Gonzales is undoubtedly the best jour­ library. If Patches of Carolina Sun is nalist the state has produced. He wrote not ava ilable at your favorite book­ American Literary Associates, Inc. pungently, incisively and well, "striking st ore, ask t hem to get it, or you may P. 0. Box 3321 his blows with a stiletto rather than with send $6.50 (including t ax , handling, Columbia, South Carolina 29203 a meat cleaver." He had a feeling for and postage) to: color. In his years as Columbia cor­ Informatio n about the next South respondent for the News and Courier he Carolina Poe try Contest is also included copious details of criminal trials, ava i I able at the above address. with sanguinary descriptions of violence. He followed the "campaign trail," as

70 Sandlapper candidates marched back and forth across the state. On these canvasses, he gave realistic flavor to his reports by portray­ NEW ing the background of the scene, describ­ from South Carolina ing the rustic towns and their inhabitants. He waged "vigorous crusades" against the convict-lease system, against lynching, for education, for industrialism, for new means of transportation. In his contradic­ tory way, he opposed Tillman locally and endorsed some national Populist reforms such as the Australian ballot. Whether he was vilifying a political figure or crusad­ ing for reform, his career was unified by the fact that "he genuinely believed that weather a newspaperman's mission is to elevate the people," as William Ball remarked. ~ The State itself was a remarkable Fall 1s truly upon us. Football fans- newspaper, guided as it was by the sure and players-should be much more com­ hands of the three Gonzales brothers, The World fortable now that the weather has cooled off some; the drop in temperature should Ambrose, N. G. and William. Its news of the Economist service was thorough and generally ac­ make all outdoor activities more pleasant, curate and it presented many significant By Hugh S. Norton but it will not get cold enough this month feature stories. Grounded as it was in to curtail any popular outdoor activity opposition to Tillman, the paper grew IS BN 0 -87249-273-7 $ 5 .95 except summer sunbathing and swim­ through the "devoted (and almost fanati­ ming. cal) following" which it had from 1891 Our maximum temperatures will aver­ to 1897. As Tillman became more conser­ age 80 to 82 degrees at the beginning of vative and Gonzales more restrained, a the month and will drop 10 degrees, to new, more stable State began to evolve. the low 70s, at the end. We can expect 90 Its influence and fame were spreading by degrees or more only one or two days in the time of Gonzales' death. The literary October, although a record high of 103 polemics of " N.G.G." were quoted as far degrees was reached at Little Mountain away as New York. In 1901, the Spring­ on Oct. 5, 1954. Low temperatures will field, Massachusetts, Republican remark­ drop about 10 degrees as the month ends, ed that The State was "one of the few too, going from the high 50s to the high provincial papers in the country that 40s. The end of October usually brings possess an individual quality and ability :cHA"DlER 11 .\IU.O\\ t; the first freezing temperatures in South distinguishing it as far as it can be seen." Carolina; our record low was 16 degrees Because of his "unreserved candor and at Chester on Oct. 30, 1965. the unrivalled vigor of his editorial ex­ Rain is usually no big problem in pression," some South Carolinians con­ October. We average between two and sidered Gonzales "an habitual fomenter CHANDLER BEFORE three inches across the state and can look of discord, a stirrer-up of strife, of deep­ MARLO\VE for rain about one day a week. Even est prejudices, of implacable disposition, though the tropical storm season is not of tyrannous temper set to rule or ruin." RAYMOND CHANDLER'S yet over, it is definitely on the wane, and Not a few felt that his death was entirely EARLY PROSE AND POETRY, thunderstorms and tornadoes are rare. deserved. What David Duncan Wallace, 1908-1912 The greatest October rainfall on record the state's most eminent historian, has was 15.18 inches at Caesars Head in EDITED BY MATTHEW J. BRUCCOU remarked is probably more true: "His 1937, although Charleston received 9.55 faults were virtues carried to excess. His FOREWORD BY JACQUES BARZUN inches in 24 hours in 1876. strength lay in his dauntless courage and With such beautiful fall weather, his sun-clear integrity." ISBN 0 -8 7249-305-9 $4.95 October is the ideal month to enjoy Dr. Jones sympathetically and critical­ colorful leaves and harvest scenery across ly examines N. G. Gonzales' Cuban herit· the countryside of South Carolina. In­ age, early life and relationships with hh stead of zipping through the state in your family, particularly with his brother car ( especially with a gas shortage}, Ambrose. The political developments of you might enjoy short leisurely trips the 1890s and 1900s are considered, as on your bicycle-perfect transportation well as the period journalism in general. for enjoying nature. October is also a The result is a lively biography of a great month for motorcyclists, who can controversial journalist. Lewis Pinckney leave the beaten path practically at will to Jones, author of South Carolina: A explore the landscape hidden from the Synoptic History for Laymen (Sand­ I main roads. lapper Press, 1971) and Books and Arti­ UNIVERSITY OF cles on South Carolina History (Univer­ SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS sity of South Carolina Press, 1970), is presently Kenan Professor of History at Columbia SC 29208 Wofford College.

October 1973 71 now, you can't afford to be emotional. RODIN: That's why we've decided to hire a professional. Your Try it my way organization is overridden with in­ formers. Nothing you start is a secret for long. by Dan Rottenberg OFFICER 1: Will you do it? MYSTERY MAN: Yes. OFFICER 2: How much? One night three years ago on the Dick Central Park and the Wollman skating MYSTERY MAN: Half a million. Cavett Show, movie critic John Simon rink. We see a solitary young man sit­ RODIN: In cash? was waxing eloquently about how he ting disconsolately, watching the MYSTERY MAN, nodding: Half in judges works of art when he was happy skaters on the crowded ice. It is advance, half on completion. interrupted by a burst of passion from Oliver Barrett IV, played by Ryan OFFICER 1: Half a million francs? another guest. O'Neal. As the music dims, he speaks. MYSTERY MAN: Dollars. " What makes you a critic? Just tell BARRETT: What can you say about OFFICER 2: Are you mad? me that," demanded Robert Blake, a 25-year-old girl who died? .... That MYSTERY MAN, cocky: Con- the star of In cold blood and Tell them she loved Mozart, the Beatles .. . and sidering you expect to get France in Willie Boy is here. " What makes you me .... (He stands up) Guess that's return, I'd have thought it a reasonable qualified to sit and pass judgment on about it .... price. If you can't afford it, then there's other people's work? Have you ever He begins to walk off. The camera no more to be said. He starts to leave. been an actor? Have you ever directed follows him from behind, pulling back RODIN: We accept. anything? What do you know about it? as the music rises to a crescendo and MYSTERY MAN, turning back: What allows you to sit here saying this the closing credits fla sh across the How many people know about this? is good, this is bad? Who are you?" screen. OFFICER 1: Just the four of us. Every critic runs into this sort of at­ MYSTERY MAN: Let's keep it that tack sooner or later. How can you way. This job depends on absolute criticize a movie, he will be asked, if The day of the jackal secrecy. If any one of you is captured I you couldn't do better yourself? That Scene 3: A small hotel in Austria, shall feel free to call it off. Agreed? kind of question is ridiculous, of hideout of Col. Marc Rodin and two OFFICER 2: Agreed. course - you don't have to be a other French Army officers who are MYSTERY MAN: All I want is a filmmaker to know that you've just leaders of the plot to assassinate telephone number in Paris that I can seen a turkey - but some critics have DeGaulle. We see them in their call if there's a change in plans. But the tried their hand at screenwriting second-floor room, meeting for the contact mustn't know who I am or anyway, like PenelopeGilliatt(Sunday, first time with a mysterious young what this is about bloody Sunday) and Roger Ebert professional killer from England. RODIN : How do you expect us to (Beyond the valley of the dolls). And I RODIN : We are not terrorists, you find half a million dollars so quickly? must admit there are times I feel I understand. We are patriots. And there MYSTERY MAN, smugly: Use your could make a better movie than what are three million French soldiers who network to rob some banks. I'm watching at that moment. Con­ want only one thing .... Speaking as a OFFICER 1: One last thing-what sider, for example, the following four professional, do you think it's possible? code name will you use? screenplay versions - all of which, I MYSTERY MAN, confidently: It 's MYSTERY MAN, brashly: Why not think you will agree, are vastly superior possible. But it would be much more " The Jackal " ? to the originals. Interested producers difficult than any other job. OFFICER 2: Why not? and directors may contact me through OFFICER 1: Why? RODIN: Well, good day, my agent. MYSTERY MAN, condescendingly: Mister-Mister Jackal. Because DeGaulle has the best security They laugh and shake hands at the Love story service in the world. You see, gen­ door, whereupon MYSTERY MAN slips tlemen, not only have your own efforts on banana peel, falls down stairs, Opening scene: Panoramic view of failed, you've queered the picture for breaks his head open and dies. The New York City from the air. Winter. As everyone else. three officers file unhappily back into the opening credits appear on screen, OFFICER 2: How dare you suggest their room. accompanied by poignant piano such a thing? RODIN: Well, whaddaya wanna do music, the camera moves in slowly on MYSTERY MAN, cavalierly: Now, tonight, Jacques?

age in the underwo rld . Director Peter Yates provides a AMERICAN GRAFFITI - Th e rituals of tidy. understated package: A look inside the minds of adolescence, circa 1961 , are recreated-along with a human and believable sma ll-time criminals mixed lo t of old rock 'n roll sounds-in the course of one A selective with good moments of suspense, a nice feel for the long summer night of car cruising along the streets of Bos ton Irish and food for thought about th e sort of a Ca lifornia town. Th e fi lm is aimless, awkward, corners people get boxed into when they're too o ld to ama teurish, and it takes itself too se riously-in short, it guide to movies fight or too you ng to think. Robert Mitchum is perfect is the precise reflection o f its teenage charac ters, and in the title role; w ith Peter Boyle. From George for that reason there is a genuine quality about it that DILLINGER - This wa rm ed-over Bonn,~ .incl Higgins' novel. R grows on you as the film progresses. George Lucas Clyde offers a lot of shooting and blood and a nice feel directed. PG for the> sun-baked streets o f Depress ion-era THE HIRELING - Aristocratic Sarah Miles, just out Midwes tern towns. But it ha s no feel for people, leas t BATIU FOR THE PLANET OF THE APES - Fifth of a Br itish sani tar ium, finds someone to talk to in and last of the ape films finds apes and people living in of al l John Dillinger. Director John Milius, with his ch,1uffeur Robert Shaw, but o nce she's rega ined her penchant for shoving irony in our faces, and a quasi-Biblical society after most of the world ha s SC' lf-confidencc he realizes he's in love w ith her, with been destroyed in the late twentieth ce ntury. Like its screenwriter John Milius r· One of these days a th C' usual disastrous consequences. Two o ld predecessors, Battle's pseudo-phil osophy is well broad's gonna let him down " ) deserve each o ther. th emes-th e attraction of the stro ng for the weak and su it ed fo r those who buy their encyclopedias in W ith Warren Oates, Ben Johnson. R vice ve rsa. and the cruelty of the British clas s supermarkets. With Roddy McDowall and many system-arc handled well enough ; director Alan others dressed as monkeys; ca ll me a bigot if you wi ll, THE FRIENDS OF EDDIE COYLE - A mino r Brid ges: problem is that he seems to think he's the first but they all look alike. J. Lee Thompson directed. G mastcrpiC'cc about friendship, betrayal. and middle one to have th ought of them. PG

72 Sandlapper OFFICER 1: I dunno. Whadda you brother: Richard, not here! Not now! plane: F ___ 'em. wanna do tonight, Marty? CONWAY: I just can't help Scene 5: An exclusive London As they talk, the camera pulls back wondering-what is the meaning of men's club. Evening. Seated around a slowly through the open window so we life? dinner table, attired in tuxedoes and can barely see the three faces. Silently, CORNELIUS, pointing out window: smoking cigars, are Conway, his the closing credits appear on the Now see what you've done! The brother, and various other men. screen. plane's taking off! It's left without us! CONWAY: ... and just when we Camera close-up of Conway, thought we'd never get out of there, a Lost horizon Cornelius and others, panic-stricken. platoon of American soldiers came Scene 4: A frozen, isolated pass along and slaughtered everyone who Scene 1: A besieged airport in somewhere in the Himalayas. The South Vietnam. Night. Thousands of looked Oriental. So when the next plane has crashed. The terrified refugees clamor to get aboard the few plane arrived three days later, there passengers watch in wonderment as remaining planes while troops try to was plenty of room for the five of us. hold them off. Inside the terminal some twenty porters make their way And here we are! through the snows to the plane. They building, in the Anglo-Saxon waiting RUTHERFORD, Conway's old led by the high priest Chang, room, British diplomat Richard are friend: Good show by the Yanks! played by John Gielgud. Conway (Peter Finch) and a half-dozen CONWAY: Yes, I daresay it's good CHANG, smiling serenely: Peace others try to maintain radio contact to be back. Still , one can't help be with you, my friends. I am from the with the outside world. wondering if there's a place where lamasery of Shangri-La. My name is CONWAY: There isn't a plane left people can live without violence and Chang. You will no doubt be surprised on the ground! bloodshed. that I speak English. You see, I spent RUTHERFORD : Still searching for SAM CORNELIUS, American in­ four years at Oxford. (Passengers bab­ your " lost horizon," eh what, dustrialist: Look! Here comes one Conway? now! ble meaninglessly.) I say, doesn't CONWAY laughs: Yes, I guess you CONWAY: All right, everybody. anyone on this plane speak English? might put it that way. Let's get ready to make a run for it! (Passengers babble meaninglessly.) But where is Consul Conway? He was sup­ RUTHERFORD: Come along, old Scene 2: The runway where the (Passengers bab­ Chap, I think we've just the thing for solitary DC-3 has landed. Fenner, the posed to be on board. ble meaninglessly. Chang's anger you. pilot, jumps out. grows as the enormity of the mistake Scene 6: Conway's hotel suite, Lon­ FENNER: I'm here for Consul dawns upon him.) These aren't the don, evening. The room is empty Conway and his people. Just fill me up people we wanted to rescue at all! except for a middle-aged woman on gas and let's get... Hey! What What's the meaning of this? Where's asleep on the bed. Her face is heavily the. . . . Anonymous Mongolian the pilot? rouged, and cheap trinkets adorn her knocks Fenner out with monkey MONGOLIAN PILOT, climbing arms. Conway and Rutherford enter. wrench, jumps in plane himself and down from cockpit: I stole the plane as CONWAY: Hello! What's this? locks the door to the cockpit. Refugee you commanded, honorable high RUTHERFORD : We found this mobs break past the troops and stream priest. But I had no way of knowing woman wandering about in the street. on board the plane. that .... She didn't seem to know where she Scene 3: Back inside the terminal. CHANG, smashing pilot to th e was going. CONWAY: This is our last chance! ground with a quick right to the jaw: CONWAY: But why did you bring Let's go! You idiot! You hijacked the wrong her here? I daresay she's some sort of HARRY LOVETT, third-rate plane and we've lost Conway forever! trollop. comedian: If you get stuck in the All our dreams of royal succession, of RUTHERFORD: No doubt. (The crowd, kick 'em in the shins. world conquest and domina­ woman stirs.) There, now, she's waking Remember, these foreigners play for tion-ruined! You must pay for this. up. keeps! Chang pulls a .357 Magnum from CONWAY, beginning to smile: I CONWAY pauses thoughtfully: I beneath his priestly robes and shoots think I see what you're driving at. This wonder-must life always be this way? the pilot through the heart. Chang woman is . .. is ... a lost whore risin'. SALLY HUGHES, neurotic tosses his cigarette stub in the snow, RUTHERFORD, eyes twinkling: By Newsweek correspondent: What? then turns to the porters: All right, let's Jove, you've got it! CONWAY: Surely there is some get out of here. CONWAY: Good show, old boy! place where people can live together A PORTER: But what about the Good show, what? (The two men burst in quiet peace and harmony. passengers? into hearty laughter and mutual back­ GEORGE CONWAY, Conway's CHANG, glancing back at the slapping.)

THE LAST OF SHEILA - Sherl ock Ho lmes m eets La heart. Bill Haley still has his curl, The Coasters a re still the crowd will cheer hys teri ca ll y no matter w hat they Do lce Vi ta. Six am bitious H o llywood types are asse m­ cool . and it Little Ri cha rd is a has -been , he d oesn't let say. One suspects there would be m o re such moments bled aboa rd the yacht o t a sa disti c p roducer w ho on that he knows it. With Chuck Berry, Fats Do mino , it this weren 't a dubbed version (from the French ), but suspects that o ne o t them killed his w ile. The c lu es he Chubby Checker, Bo Diddley, The Fi ve Satins, The as it stands the film is heavy-handed , boring, and drops to rm an intrica te p uzz le, but all the pieces even­ Shirelles. Danny and the Juniors; Sid Levin and Robert hardly tunny at all. C laude Lelouch directed. PC tually fi t together. And the story's twists and turns w ill Abel directed . PC keep you guessing as to w hodunit right to the e nd. THE NEPTUNE FACTOR - Ernest Borgnine, Ben Wi th James Coburn, Ri chard Benja min . Jo an Hackett , THE MACKINTOSH MAN - Paul Newman plays a Gazza ra, and Yvette Mimieu x explo re the depths o f Dya n Can non . Raq uel W elch , James M aso n; Herbert ve rv secret British age nt w ho go es to elabo rate ends in the Atlantic, w here they see lo tsa st range things and Ross direc.ted . PC Lo ndon , Ireland and M alta- incl ud in g a stretch in spe nd a lo t of time sayingL, .. Hey ! ookit that! .. The priso n- to trap a Russ ian spy. Newman 's in his usual musica l sco re has pretensions o f 2001: A !!pace LET THE GOOD TIMES ROLL - This isn 't the breezy, smart-a lee role and the acti o n moves along od yssey. but the film is st rict ly Cartain Vic/eo. Daniel recreatio n o f the ·sos that the ad s claim, but it w ill d o brisk ly until the conclu sion w hich w ill leave you Petrie d irected . C tor rock 'n ro ll nostalgiamaniacs. Stereo sequences feeling empty. With Do minique Sa nda, JamesMason ; tra m three recent rock ' n ro ll reviva l concerts are John Hus ton directed. PC SWEET JESUS PREACHERMAN - Amateur night in interspe rse d w ith clips o f the stars as they lo oked then. black filmdom . A b lack racketeer poses as a p reacher. We also get glimpses o f styles, newsmakers. movies, MONEY MONEY MONEY - Fi ve p ro fess ional Th e dialog consis ts o f lines like .. So mebody's movin' and o th er art it acts o t the Ei se nhower yea rs. It's a mild ga ngsters becom e politica l activists beca use that's into my territo ry," · and even the lighting isso b ad that so rt of tun , but th e film makes no rea l stat ement abo ut w here the mo ney is. There are a few tunny mo ments, the screen is d ark thro ugh half the p icture. With an ything; it aims stri ctly to r the eye, the ea r. and the as w hen the five, addressing a leftist rally, reali ze that Roger M osley; H enn ing Sc hellerup directed . R

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