Bulletin n. 1/2012 - June 2012 List of contents Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Marcus Maeva A Note of Appreciation for Documentary Editing in William and Mary Quarterly, volume 69, number 2, april , 401-401 http://oieahc.wm.edu/wmq/Apr12/reviews/WMQ_Apr12_17_review_Marcus_2.pdf -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Papillon Martin Adapting Federalism: Indigenous Multilevel Governance in Canada and the United States in Publius: The Journal of Federalism, vol. 42, n. 2, Spring , 289-312 Given its change-resistant nature, how does federalism evolve to reflect the changing social and political context? This article compares the trajectories of Canadian and American federalism in response to the self-determination claims of indigenous peoples. Building on the literature on institutional change, I first suggest that both federations have followed similar patterns of institutional adaptation to indigenous claims through the development of multilevel governance (MLG) regimes that are layered over the existing federal structure without altering its foundations. I then underline the variations in the two MLG regimes and suggest these differences are the product of specific policy legacies as well as strategic choices made by the indigenous leadership, notably around venue selection. -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Sadanandan Anoop Bridling Central Tyranny in India: How Regional Parties Restrain the Federal Government in Asian Survey , Vol. 52, No. 2, March/April , 247-269 Successive national governments in India have invoked an emergency constitutional provision to impose direct central rule in states over 100 times since 1950. However, such central government usurpation of state governance has declined since the mid-1990s. This essay demonstrates how India's regional parties, by entering into opportunistic alliances with national parties and joining coalition central governments, have become effective barriers against central dominance. It also identifies the specific dynamics through which this effective veto power is exercised. -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Brown, Douglas M. Page 1/491 Comparative Climate Change Policy and Federalism: An Overview in Review of Policy Research , volume 29 n.3 , 322-333 This commentary provides an overview of the four papers in this issue of Review of Policy Research on the politics of climate change. The papers all address in one way or another aspects of how federal‐type systems are dealing with the collective action and multilevel governance issues of climate change policy. The comparative study of federal systems provides insight into how domestic authority is so often overlapping and divided when dealing with greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Federal arrangements offer a rich array of norms, institutions, and practices for tackling these problems. Federal systems grapple continuously with the kinds of issues that are the most intractable in the climate change case, such as overcoming interregional differences of interests and values. A common federal feature is competition among subnational governments and between them and national or federated governments over climate change policy, which has been especially significant in the United States and in Canada in the relative absence of national action––although soberingly, the whole is as yet nowhere near as great as the sum of the parts. More significant, but rarer is the achievement of tighter coordination in federal systems achieved through intergovernmental co‐decision, as seen in the European Community and Australia. This has been accomplished in large part due to a consensus among all intergovernmental parties on the nature of the problem and congruence with the existing international regime, characteristics missing in the North American context. -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Zachary Callen Congress and the Railroads: Federalism, American Political Development, and the Migration of Policy Responsibility in American Politics Research, Vol.40, n.2, March , 293-326 This article argues that American federalism led both to a greater national role in rail promotion and more centralized railroads in the antebellum period. Local competition among states led Congressional representatives from state unable to build local railroads to turn to federal assistance. Early support for railroads came from representatives in the South and frontier, who were primarily drawn into rail coalitions because of their own inability to build local rail networks. However, over time, competition among states within the coalition as well as concerns about federal power led many initial members of the coalition to drop out. In their place, states that favored a stronger federal state stepped into the coalition and subsequently built a more nationally oriented rail system. This analysis argues that the shifting of policies from local control to national oversight due to local resource shortages is an important aspect of American states building. -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Persichino Robert Crise institutionnelle ou crise identitaire ? in Debat (Le), n. 169, mars-avril , 56-66 Le système politique américain est en crise. Les institutions ne fonctionnent plus. En septembre 2011, au cours d’un entretien au Monde Magazine, le philosophe Francis Fukuyama note ainsi : « Au-delà de la crise économique actuelle Page 2/491 ou d’une éventuelle nouvelle attaque terroriste, je crois que l’Amérique traverse une crise de gouvernance très grave.... PLAN DE L'ARTICLE La faiblesse législative du 112e Congrès Un paysage électoral en recomposition La conjecture de Huntington -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Woehrling José El sistema federal de Cánada: origen, evolución y problemas actuales in Teoria y realidad constitucional, n. 28 , 431-459 No abstract available -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Abbink Jon Ethnic-based federalism and ethnicity in Ethiopia: reassessing the experiment after 20 years in Journal of Eastern African Studies , Volume 5, Issue 4, Special Issue: "Ethiopia's revolutionary democracy, 1991–2011" , 596-618 One of the core principles instituted by the post-1991 government in Ethiopia that took power after a successful armed struggle was ethnic-based federalism, informed by a neo-Leninist political model called revolutionary democracy. In this model, devised by the reigning Tigray People's Liberation Front (later EPRDF), ethnic identity was to be the basis of politics. Identities of previously non-dominant groups were constitutionally recognized and the idea of pan-Ethiopian identity de-emphasized. This article examines the general features and effects of this new political model, often dubbed an “experiment”, with regard to ideas of federal democracy, socio-economic inclusiveness, and ethno-cultural and political rights. After 20 years of TPLF/EPRDF rule, the dominant rhetorical figure in Ethiopian politics is that of ethnicity, which has permeated daily life and overtaken democratic decision-making and shared issue-politics. The federal state, despite according nominal decentralized power to regional and local authorities, is stronger than any previous Ethiopian state and has developed structures of central control and top-down rule that preclude local initiative and autonomy. Ethnic and cultural rights were indeed accorded, and a new economic dynamics is visible. Political liberties, respect for human rights and economic equality are however neglected, and ethnic divisions are on the increase, although repressed. Ethiopia's recent political record thus shows mixed results, with positive elements but also an increasingly authoritarian governance model recalling the features of the country's traditional hierarchical and autocratic political culture. This may produce more debate on the need for “adjusting the experiment”. -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Page 3/491 Cornel Saul Evidence, Explanation, and the Ghost of Charles Beard in William and Mary Quarterly, volume 69, number 2, april , 393-394 http://oieahc.wm.edu/wmq/Apr12/reviews/WMQ_Apr12_14_review_Cornell_2.pdf -------- Section A) The theory and practise of the federal states and multi-level systems of government Subsection 1.The theory of federation Thomas Christin, Simon Hug Federalism, the Geographic Location of Groups, and Conflict in Conflict Management and Peace Science , Vol. 29, n°1 , 93-122 In the literature on civil conflicts, federalism is often touted as a useful institution to address regional demands. However, diversity in the groups present in a country is also associated with a higher tendency for conflicts. In