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111_1_COVERS 6/4/09 10:17 PM Page 1 LANCASTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA JOURNAL The of LANCASTER COUNTY’S HISTORICAL SOCIETY TheJOURNAL of VOL. 111, NO. 1 SPRING 2009 LANCASTER COUNTY’S HISTORICAL SOCIETY 1111 OUR 111TH YEAR OF PUBLISHING John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS . 2 Founders and Builders of Lancaster County John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS . 4 Debunking the Myths Surrounding Augusta Harriet Bitner Cynthia Douts Roth . .6 War of the Words, or Which Came First, Chiques or Chickies? Margaret Hunt Landis . 12 The Big Shot at Fite’s Eddy Point Robert Neuhauser . 28 Jean Houck Maysilles Editors . 38 Publishing local history since 1896 230 North President Avenue Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603-3125 717-392- 4633 • Fax: 717-293-2739 www.lancasterhistory.org e-mail: [email protected] $5.00 VOL. 111,111, NO.NO. 11 SPRING 20092009 111_1_COVERS 6/4/09 10:17 PM Page 3 JOURNAL of LANCASTER COUNTY’S HISTORICAL SOCIETY AThe Publication of LancasterHistory.org Publications Committee LancasterHistory.org is a community-based, not-for-profit organization established to Board of Directors Presidents Emeritus LancasterHistory.org Staff Kathleen A. Gray, Esq., Chair John McCullough Gibson, FLCHS Thomas R. Ryan, Ph.D. John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS educate the public on the history of Lancaster County and its place in the history of Deborah M. Martin, Vice Chair (1961–1966) President and CEO Editor-in-Chief Pennsylvania and the United States, to advance the missions of regional historical Robert F. Groff, Jr., Vice Chair John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS ([email protected]) ([email protected]) organizations, and to promote the acquisition, preservation, and interpretation of Timothy A. Mackey, Vice Chair (1973–1992) Patrick Clarke, Director of Wheatland Kenneth I. Huber, Treasurer Gary M. Baer (1995–1998) ([email protected]) Michael L. Abel, FLCHS resources representing the history of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania within the Molly Wakefield Milner, Secretary Robin Sarratt-Cohen, Vice President of Managing Editor broader context of state and national history, including the life and legacy of Tr ustees Emeritus Development (Robin.Sarratt- Albert W. Drepperd, Index Editor America’s fifteenth president, James Buchanan, and to preserve and maintain Terms expire 2010 Mortimer Kadushin, FLCHS [email protected]) Martha Tyzenhouse, Cartographer Wheatland, his home. J. Thomas Dunlevy (deceased) Anne Lohr Robert Glover William E. Krantz Executive Assistant to the President Robert F. Groff, Jr. Bruce P. Ryder, Esq. ([email protected]) Associate Editors LancasterHistory.org’s mission is to educate the public about the heritage and history Leroy T. Hopkins, Jr., Ph.D. Katherine Buck S. Kendrick Eshleman III, M.D. of the people, places, and events that shaped our region, the Commonwealth of Barbara B. Hunsberger Honorary Directors Finance Administrator Rick Rodgers Marguerite S. V. Adams ([email protected]) Marianne Heckles Pennsylvania, and the United States of America. We achieve this mission by actively John E. Stefan Mrs. Kendig C. Bare Barry R. Rauhauser, Stauffer Curator William Krantz collecting, preserving, interpreting, and making accessible materials representing Carol Thompson Mr. C. Richard Farmer and Director of History on the Web H. Herbert Poole, Jr., Ph.D. Lancaster County’s past and by preserving and sharing the home, life, and legacy of Mrs. John B. Graybill ([email protected]) Terms expire 2011 Terry Lee Heather S. Tennies David Schuyler, Ph.D. James Buchanan, the 15th President of the United States. We promote this heritage George K. Biemesderfer W. Fred Kinsey, III, Ph.D. Director of Archival Services Heather Tennies and history through a research library, changing exhibitions, public and school Robert E. Coley Bruce P. Ryder, Esq. ([email protected]) Robert Weber programs, archival and artifact collections, the Louise Arnold Tanger Arboretum, and Eugene H. Gardner, Jr. Robert Weber Kathleen A. Gray, Esq. Honorary Associate Directors Director of Library Services Thomas Winpenny, Ph.D. Wheatland—a National Historic Landmark and the home of Buchanan, Timothy A. Mackey Mary Anne Aichele ([email protected]) Stacy B. C. Wood, Jr., FLCHS Pennsylvania’s only U.S. President. As a portal of history for the community, George B. Mann Barbara T. Brown Felice P. Ethun, Director of Education and LancasterHistory.org serves the needs and interests of history-oriented organizations, Deborah M. Martin Lynn Dolan, Ph.D. Public Programs Kenneth H. Richards Samuel M. Mecum, Esq. ([email protected]) The JOURNAL of Lancaster County’s bringing greater focus to the extraordinary opportunities for learners of all ages to Constance D. Santarelli Barry C. Mentzer Marjorie R. Bardeen, Librarian Historical Society is published quarterly experience America’s past in Lancaster County. Michael J. Minney, Esq. ([email protected]) by the publications committee of Terms expire 2012 Virginia Lancaster Kevin E. Shue, Genealogist Michael L. Abel, FLCHS Dale Mohler ([email protected]) LancasterHistory.org. Articles, both Lancaster County’s Historical Society hours of operation Marguerite S. V. Adams Laura Sadler Olin Marianne S. Heckles academic and non-academic, pertaining Wednesday, Friday, Saturday 9:30 AM to 4:30 PM Michael Birkner, Ph.D. Mark R. Simeral Research Assistant and Coordinator of the to any aspect of Lancaster County Tuesday, Thursday 9:30 AM to 9:30 PM. Patrick Castagna Julia S. Shirk Photographic Collection Rufus A. Fulton, III ([email protected]) history are actively solicited. For a Kenneth I. Huber Fellows of the Lancaster County Martha Tyzenhouse submission guide, or to discuss a President James Buchanan’s Wheatland hours of operation Samuel M. Mecum, Esq. Historical Society Library Archives Assistant project, you are invited to contact April through October, Tuesday through Saturday 10 AM to 4 PM Molly Wakefield Milner John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS ([email protected]) Stacy B. C. Wood, Jr., FLCHS Cindy Madara, Executive Assistant to the Vice John W. W. Loose, Editor-in-Chief, at Michael L. Abel, FLCHS Presidents (717) 392-4633 or by mail or e-mail. Both are closed Sunday, Monday and legal holidays. Mortimer Kadushin, FLCHS ([email protected]) Manuscripts may also be sent directly For Wheatland’s winter hours and all other information, (Deceased) Joan Mimnall Gerald S. Lestz, FLCHS Administrative Assistant to Mr. Loose for review. call 717-392-4633 Marian R. Gerhart, FLCHS ([email protected]) John M. Gibson, FLCHS Geraldine Hurst, Receptionist/Bookstore Membership are available at these levels: John Jarvis, FLCHS Coordinator US ISSN 0023-7477 Abstracted and ([email protected]) One-year memberships: Katie Fichtner, Archives Assistant indexed in America: History and Life, Individual $ 50 Director’s Circle $ 500 ([email protected]) cited in the Journal of American Family $ 75 President’s Circle $ 1,000 Erin Taylor, Administrative Assistant History, and in Periodical Source ([email protected]) Benefactor $ 125 Historian’s Circle $ 2,500 Jennifer L. Walton, Museum Assistant Index. LancasterHistory.org assumes Sustainer $ 250 Collector’s Circle $ 5,000 ([email protected]) no responsibility for the accuracy of Jane Heavner, Director of Wheatland references and notes contained Please send your name and address to LancasterHistory.org, Visitor Services ([email protected]) herein, nor for the statements and 230 North President Avenue, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603-3125, along opinions of contributors. with a check indicating your membership level. Members receive quarterly ©2009, LancasterHistory.org. issues of The Journal, and The Historian, LancasterHistory.org’s periodic All Rights Reserved. newsletter. Membership benefits also include discounts on books, access to trips and courses, as well as use of the research library. JOURNAL The of LANCASTER COUNTY’S HISTORICAL SOCIETY VOL. 111, NO. 1 SPRING 2009 1111 John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS . 2 Founders and Builders of Lancaster County John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS . 4 Debunking the Myths Surrounding Augusta Harriet Bitner Cynthia Douts Roth . .6 War of the Words, or Which Came First, Chiques or Chickies? Margaret Hunt Landis . 12 The Big Shot at Fite’s Eddy Point Robert Neuhauser . 28 Jean Houck Maysilles Editors . 38 Above: Big Shot at Fite’s Eddy Point. July 10, 1907. LHO 2-13-04-04 On the cover: Augusta Bitner’s memorial in Lancaster Cemetery. Photo courtesy of Lori Stahl Photography The Journal of Lancaster County’s Historical Society 1111 John Ward Willson Loose, FLCHS Title page of Papers Read Before the Lancaster County Historical Society, Volume 1, Number 1, 1896. 2 Volume 111, Number 1, Spring 2009 olks who attach significance to publication, the society lapsed into inac- numbers will enjoy the conflu- tivity until we reconvened on June 5, F ence of digits of this Journal: 1896, and our first issue (Volume 1, Volume 111, Number 1. Certainly this Number 1, shown at left) debuted as suggests a beginning of some sort, and Papers Read Before the Lancaster County by coincidence, with this issue we Historical Society. Subsequent volumes appear for the first time under the were called Papers and Addresses of the umbrella of our new identity: Lancaster- Lancaster