DOCSLIB.ORG

Minyulite:Its Atomicarrangement

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Minyulite:Its Atomicarrangement AmericanMineralogisl, Volume62,pages 256-262, 1977 Minyulite:its atomicarrangement ANrHoNy R. Keupr'l Department of the Geophysical Sciences The Uniuersity of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Abstract Minyulite,K[Al,F(H,O),(PO,)rl, orthorhombic, space group pba2, a9.337(5), b 9.j40(5), c 5.522(3)A,Z : 2, possessesrigid dimericclusters of formula [AlrF(HrO)1(PO.)r(O")r], topologicallyidentical to the [Fe!+(OHXHTO).(SOn)r(O")r]clusters in copiapite,where Op and Os correspondto the phosphateand sulfate ligands,respectively. The structurewas solved by Pattersonand Fourier syntheses.Hydrogen atoms were located by difference synthesis.Least-squares refinement converged to R(hkl) = 0.022for 618reflections. The dimericcluster consists of two Al3+-O octahedrasharing one F- vertexand two POr tetrahedra, which further link the octahedra. The clusters link via shared octahe- dral-tetrahedralvertices to form sheetsparallel to {001}.Cavities in thesheets are occupied by K+ ions. One tetrahedralvertex is unsharedand acceptsfour hydrogenbonds from water moleculescoordinated to Ale+.These hydrogen bonds provide the only linkagebetween the sheets. The greateraffinity of Al8+ for F- than (OH) and the violation of electrostaticvalence balancewhen F- bonds to more than two Als+ cationsare suggestedas the reasonsfor the condensationof Al8+ octahedrainto dimers and chainsin aqueoussolution, leading ulti- matelyto the crystallizationof minyuliteand fluellite.The leucophosphitestructure may be preferredin the absenceof F-. Introduction Al3+-Fee+,phosphates, including leucophosphite, Minyulitewas originally described by Simpsonand KFeg+(OH)(PO4)r.2HrO,and its Al3+ analog.They LeMesurier(1933) as a new speciesfrom Minyulo noted that minyulite and leucophosphitecan be Well, WesternAustralia, where it occursas radiating synthesizedby the treatmentof clayswith phosphate groups of fine fibers on the surfacesof crevicesin anions at pH rangesappropriate for soil environ- phosphaticirqnstone. Using optical methods,they mentsand at temperaturesless than 95oC.They pro- establishedorthorhombic symmetry and proposed posed that theseminerals may be important in the the formula KAlr(OH,F)(POn)r.3.5HrO.Spencer e/ fixationof inorganicphosphate anions in soils. al. (1943)studied minyulite from Wait's quarry near Leucophosphitebears a striking chemical sim- Noarlunga,South Australia, where it occursin phos- ilarity to minyulite,and besidestheir possibleforma- phate rock as short prismaticcrystals in sub-parallel tion undersimilar conditions in the soil,the report of growth coatingapatite. From X-ray oscillationpho- leucophosphitein phosphaticrock associatedwith tographs,they determinedthe cell constantsa 9.35, iron ore at Bomi Hill and Bambuta,Liberia, by Ax- b 9.74,c 5.52Aand the spacegroup PmmL, the hemi- elrod el al. (1952) is further indication of similar morphic nature of the crystalsbeing establishedby paragenesesfor thesetwo minerals.A comparisonof etchfigures. The formulaKAlr(PO1)r(OH,F).4H2O, the structuresof minyulite and leucophosphitemay Z :2 wassuggested. lead to an understandingof the conditionsnecessary Hasemanet al. (1950) synthesizedminyulite, as for their formation. well as a number of other hydrous K+-NH1+, Also of interest for structural comparisonis the mineralfluellite, AlrFr(OHXHTO)s(POo). 4HrO. Mur- I (1973) fluellite Presentaddress: Geology-Mineralogy Section, Los Angeles ray reported occurring associated County Museumof Natural History, 900 ExpositionBlvd., Los with minyulite in phosphaterock near Wolffdene, Angeles,California 90007. Queensland,Australia, and fluellitehas been verified 256 KAMPF: MINYULITE 257 on a specimenof phosphaterock from Moculta Tesrr 2. Minyulite.Atomic coordinate parameters Quarry,Angaston, South Australia, provided by J. E. Johnsonof the SouthAustralian Museum. Atom Mult. Experimental The crystalstudied was extractedfrom a specimen K 2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 A1 A 0.3s91(l) o.1r0s(1) 0.ss4s (4) from Wait's Quarry,kindly providedby J. E. John- son. Some difficulty was encounteredin finding a P i 0.1470(1) 0.3243(r) 0.2040(4) suitable single crystal, owing to the sub-parallel 0(r) A 0.4832(2) 0.178s(5) 0.1798(s) 1 (s) 0.46s8(3) o.i382(6) growth of individuals.By splittingcrystal clusters, an o(2) 0 .207s 0(3) A 0.207s(3) 0.2168(2) 0.0310(6) acceptablecrystal fragment was obtained, measuring 0 (4) 0.18s0(2) 0.2918(3) 0.467s(6) 0.07mm alongthe a andb axes,and 0.10 mm along the c axis.The crystalwas mountedparallel to the c 0w(r) A 0.2383(3) 0.042s(3) 0.67s3(7) (2) A 0.428s(3) 0.2s11(3) 0.7202(7) axls. 0Il/ Precessionphotographs indicated systematic ab- f 2 0.0000 0.5000 0.8217(6) sencescorresponding to the spacegroups Pbam and A (8) Pba2.The intensities (maximum H(l) 0 .226(4) 0.i10(4) 0 . ss6 of l3l5 reflections H(2) A 0 .234(4) 0.486(s) 0. s97(s) 20 : 55") weregathered on a Pickerautomated dif- H(5) A 0.3s2(4) 0.263(4) 0.606(8) fractometer utilizing graphite-monochromatizedH(4) A 0.002(4) 0.281(4) 0.608(8) MoKa radiation.Very smallmosaic spread permitted narrow half-anglescans of 0.4' with a scanrate of 1.0'/minute. Twenty-secondbackground counting times were used on either side of each reflection. determinedthe spacegroup to be Pba2.Subsequent Least-squaresrefinement of 30 referencereflections Fourier synthesisresolved the positions of all the yieldedthe cell constantsgiven in Table l. remainingnon-hydrogen atoms. Systematicabsences indicated by the intensitydata The atomic coordinatesand thermal vibration pa- confirmedthe spacegroup Pbamor Pba2.The data rameterswere refinedusing the NUCLS program, a wereprocessed by conventionalcomputational pro- modified versionof ORFLS by Businget al. (1962). parameter ceduresto obtainlF(obs)1. No absorptioncorrection Three cycles of full-matrix atomic and wasapplied, owing to the favorablesize and shapeof isotropic thermal vibration parameter refinement the crystaland the small absorptioncoefficient (p = convergedto R(hkl) : 0.044.Two cyclesof refine- ll.0 cm-1). After eliminationof the extinctreflec- ment usinganisotropic thermal vibration parameters tions and averagingof the symmetryequivalent re- convergedto R(hkl) : 0.033.A differenceFourier flections,618 independentreflections remained for synthesisyielded the locations of four unique H the ensuingstudy. atoms. A final two cyclesof refinement,including hydrogenatoms and applyinga secondaryextinction Solutionand refinementof the structure correction,converged to R : 0.022(Rw : 0.024). Three-dimensionalPatterson synthesi s, P(uuw),re- The extinctionparameter converged to 4.0(2)X l0-6. vealedthe positionsof the K, Al, and P atomsand Initially an oxygen atom was assignedto the atomic position (0 k 0.82). This yieldeda negative Test-e l. Minyulite.Crystal cell parameters temperaturefactor. During the final cyclesof refine- ment,fluorine was assigned to this location,and the parameters arEt e.337(s) final thermal vibration werecomparable 6iti 9. 740 (s) to thoseof the other anions.A fluorinedetermination (ii s.s22(3) " by Spenceret al. (1943)yielded 2.7 weightpercent F, Space group Pba2 indicatingat leasttwo fluorineatoms per unit cell. Z 2 Atomic scatteringfactors for K", Alo, Po,Oo, and Forrnula KAl2F (H2O) z(POq) z Fo wereobtained from Cromerand Mann (1968) and includedthe anomalousdispersion terms for K, Al, Specific gravityl 2.46 Density (calc) grn/crn3 P, and O. Scatteringfactors for H were obtained from et al. (1965).Final atomiccoordinates rspencer Stewarl. et al. (1943J. are presentedin Table 2 and anisotropicthermal 258 KAMPF: MINYULITE Tlsls 3. Minyulite.Anisotropic thermal vibration parameters* Brr Bzz 8ae 9tz Br: Bzt K 0.0031(r) 0.0049(r) 0.0r72(6) -0.0007(l) A1 0.0016(r) 0.0016(1) 0 . 00ss(4) 0.0001(1) -0.0003(2) -0.000i (2) P 0.0016(1) 0.0016(r) 0. 0047(3) 0.0025(1) 0.0006(2) 0.0006 (2) o(1) 0. 0016(2) 0 .002e(2) 0. 0070(9) -0.0001(2) 0.0001(s) -0 .0006 (s) o(2) 0.0020(3) 0.0018(2) 0.0119(11) 0.0001(2) -0.000e(4) 0.0007(s) o(3) 0 . 0023(3) 0.0023(2) 0. 0089(1 0) 0.0007(2) 0. 0000(4) -0.0013(s) o(4) 0. 0028(3) 0.0037(3) 0.0070(9J 0.0003(2) -0.0004(s) 0.oo09 (s) ohl(1) 0.003s(3) 0.0029(3) 0.0071(10) 0.0006(2) 0. 0000(s) -0.0010(s) oI^I(2) 0.0030(3) 0.002e (3) 0.007e(e) 0 . 0003(2) 0.0005(s) 0.000s(s) F 0 .0024(4) 0 .0024(3) 0 . 0060(1 r) -0.00cs(3) The anisotropic temperature factors are defined as coefficients in exp[-(Brrh2 + Bzzk2 +9339.' + 2g12hk + 28rsh.0 + 2S23k1) I . parametersin Table3. The structurefactors are listed beenreported by Fanfan\et al. (1973)in the structure in Table4.' of copiapite.In this mineral,Fe8+06 octahedra are joined via a common OH vertex and are further Descriptionof the structure linked via two SOr tetrahedrato form a rigid poly- hedralcluster topologically equivalent to that in min- Topologyand geometry of the structure yulite.Although the ligandenvironment of Me3+in Minyulitepossesses AIO'F octahedrawhich share the two structuresis identical,the linkage between F verticesforming [Al,F(HrO)4(Op).]octahedral di- clustersis not related.In copiapite,the clustersare mers,where Op correspondsto oxygensdonated by linked into chainsby sharingvertices of non-cluster the phosphateligands. Two (POr) tetrahedrafurther (SOn)tetrahedra (see Fig. 3 of Fanfaniet al.). link the octahedraof eachdimer, resultingin a rigid polyhedralcluster with ideal point symmetrymm2 Interatomicdistances andthe formula[AlrF(HrO)n(PO.)dop)r]. Each clus- Interatomic distancesand hydrogenbond angles ter sharestwo octahedraland two tetrahedralvertices are givenin Table 5. No abnormalaverage distances with tetrahedraand octahedraof four adjacentclus- arenoted, and no distinctionbetween Al-F and Al-O ters, thereby forming sheetsoriented parallel to the distancesis obvious.The electrostaticbond strength {001}plane. K+ cationsoccupy pockets in the sheets sumsabout the anionsare tabulatedin Table 6. The surroundedby four linked clusters.Significant devia- bimodaldistribution of Al-O bond distancesis con- tion from the ideal 4mm symmetryof the sheetsis sistentwith the extendedelectrostatic valence rule of probably necessaryto provide a stablecoordination Baur (1970).Al forms long bonds to two oxygens for the K+ cation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mineral Processing
    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Sussexite Mn2+BO2(OH)
    2+ Sussexite Mn BO2(OH) c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2/m. As bladed acicular crystals, to 7 mm; cross-vein or radial fibrous, in felted or matted aggregates, nodular. Twinning: Submicroscopic twinning on {100} which cannot be resolved optically. Physical Properties: Tenacity: Inflexible. Hardness = 3–3.5 D(meas.) = 3.30 D(calc.) = 3.335 Optical Properties: Semitransparent. Color: White to buff, straw-yellow, pale pink; colorless in transmitted light. Streak: White. Luster: Silky, dull, earthy. Optical Class: Biaxial (–). Orientation: Parallel extinction; X = elongation; Z ⊥ flattening. Dispersion: r> v. α= 1.670 β = 1.728 γ = 1.732 2V(meas.) = ∼25◦ Cell Data: Space Group: P 21/a. a = 12.866(3) b = 10.718(2) c = 3.287(1) β =94.75(3)◦ Z=8 X-ray Powder Pattern: N’chwaning II mine, South Africa. 6.43 (10), 2.773 (7), 3.34 (6), 2.632 (6), 2.494 (6), 2.741 (5), 2.694 (5) Chemistry: (1) (3) B2O3 30.52 30.33 FeO 0.16 MnO 49.40 61.82 MgO 9.56 CaO 2.03 H2O 8.33 7.85 Total [100.00] 100.00 (1) Franklin, New Jersey, USA; recalculated to 100% after deduction of willemite 4.5%. (2) N’chwaning II mine, South Africa; by electron microprobe, analysis not given; stated to correspond to (Mn0.95Mg0.05)Σ=1.00BO2(OH). (3) MnBO2(OH). Polymorphism & Series: Forms a series with szaib´elyite. Occurrence: A rare hydrothermal mineral typically in veinlets in boron-bearing metamorphosed Mn–Fe–Zn deposits.
    [Show full text]
  • New Developments in the Crystal Chemistry of Selected Borophosphates and Phosphates
    New Developments in the Crystal Chemistry of Selected Borophosphates and Phosphates DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt der Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften der Technischen Universität Dresden von M. Sc. Prashanth W. Menezes geboren am 02.05.1979 in Puttur, Indien Eingereicht am 09.07.2009 Die Dissertation wurde in der Zeit von Oktober 2004 bis Juni 2009 im Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe angefertigt. Hope is the companion of power and the mother of success. For who so hopes strongly has within him the gift of miracles. - Samuel Smiles Tag der Verteidigung: 19.10.2009 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Kniep Prof. Dr. Michael Ruck Acknowledgement This is perhaps the easiest and hardest chapter that I have to write. It will be simple to name all the people that helped to get this done, but it will be tough to thank them enough. I will nonetheless try… In the first place, I would like to express my gratitude to my mentor and guide, Prof. R. Kniep, the director of Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids for his supervision, advice, and guidance right from the nascent stage of this research till its completion. Above all he provided me unflinching encouragement and support in various ways. His passion towards science, his scientific intuition and foresight made him a constant oasis of ideas which enriched my growth as a student, a researcher and a scientist. His strong belief in the concept of “learning by doing” exceptionally inspired me during my failures and persuaded me to strive for success.
    [Show full text]
  • Description and Unique Crystal-Structure of Waterhouseite, a New Hydroxy Manganese Phosphate Species from the Iron Monarch Deposit, Middleback Ranges, South Australia
    1401 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1401-1410 (2005) DESCRIPTION AND UNIQUE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF WATERHOUSEITE, A NEW HYDROXY MANGANESE PHOSPHATE SPECIES FROM THE IRON MONARCH DEPOSIT, MIDDLEBACK RANGES, SOUTH AUSTRALIA ALLAN PRING§ Department of Mineralogy, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, and School of Earth & Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A. 5005, Australia UWE KOLITSCH Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Geozentrum, Universität Wien, Althanstr. 14, A–1090 Wien, Austria WILLIAM D. BIRCH Department of Mineralogy, Museum of Victoria, GPO Box 666E, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia ABSTRACT Waterhouseite from the Iron Monarch mine, Iron Knob, South Australia, is a new hydroxy manganese phosphate species that has a unique crystal-structure. The mineral was found in a carbonate-rich zone with gatehouseite, seamanite, rhodochrosite, shigaite, barite, hausmannite and hematite. It occurs as divergent sprays of orange-brown to dark brown bladed crystals up to 1 mm in length but only up to 20 ␮m in thickness. The crystals are transparent with a pearly luster on cleavages, but it is vitreous to pearly on the tabular faces. The mineral is brittle, with a conchoidal fracture and a yellowish brown streak. There is a perfect cleavage on (100) and a probable cleavage on (001). The crystals show the principal forms {100} (dominant), {010}, {011} and {001}. All crystals are twinned on (100) by non-merohedry. The Mohs hardness is estimated to be ~4, and the measured density is 3.55(5) g/cm3 (calculated density is 3.591 g/cm3). Crystals are biaxial negative and length-slow, with ␣ 1.730(3), ␤ ~1.738 and ␥ 1.738(4), but 2V could not be measured.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrothermal Crystal Growth of Metal Borates for Optical Applications Carla Heyward Clemson University, [email protected]
    Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations 8-2013 Hydrothermal Crystal Growth of Metal Borates for Optical Applications Carla Heyward Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Heyward, Carla, "Hydrothermal Crystal Growth of Metal Borates for Optical Applications" (2013). All Dissertations. 1164. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1164 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HYDROTHERMAL CRYSTAL GROWTH OF METAL BORATES FOR OPTICAL APPLICATIONS A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Chemistry by Carla Charisse Heyward August 2013 Accepted by: Dr. Joseph Kolis, Committee Chair Dr. Shiou-Jyh Hwu Dr. Andrew Tennyson Dr. Gautam Bhattacharyya ABSTRACT Crystals are the heart of the development of advance technology. Their existence is the essential foundation in the electronic field and without it there would be little to no progress in a variety of industries including the military, medical, and technology fields. The discovery of a variety of new materials with unique properties has contributed significantly to the rapidly advancing solid state laser field. Progress in the crystal growth methods has allowed the growth of crystals once plagued by difficulties as well as the growth of materials that generate coherent light in spectral regions where efficient laser sources are unavailable. The collaborative progress warrants the growth of new materials for new applications in the deep UV region.
    [Show full text]
  • Shin-Skinner January 2018 Edition
    Page 1 The Shin-Skinner News Vol 57, No 1; January 2018 Che-Hanna Rock & Mineral Club, Inc. P.O. Box 142, Sayre PA 18840-0142 PURPOSE: The club was organized in 1962 in Sayre, PA OFFICERS to assemble for the purpose of studying and collecting rock, President: Bob McGuire [email protected] mineral, fossil, and shell specimens, and to develop skills in Vice-Pres: Ted Rieth [email protected] the lapidary arts. We are members of the Eastern Acting Secretary: JoAnn McGuire [email protected] Federation of Mineralogical & Lapidary Societies (EFMLS) Treasurer & member chair: Trish Benish and the American Federation of Mineralogical Societies [email protected] (AFMS). Immed. Past Pres. Inga Wells [email protected] DUES are payable to the treasurer BY January 1st of each year. After that date membership will be terminated. Make BOARD meetings are held at 6PM on odd-numbered checks payable to Che-Hanna Rock & Mineral Club, Inc. as months unless special meetings are called by the follows: $12.00 for Family; $8.00 for Subscribing Patron; president. $8.00 for Individual and Junior members (under age 17) not BOARD MEMBERS: covered by a family membership. Bruce Benish, Jeff Benish, Mary Walter MEETINGS are held at the Sayre High School (on Lockhart APPOINTED Street) at 7:00 PM in the cafeteria, the 2nd Wednesday Programs: Ted Rieth [email protected] each month, except JUNE, JULY, AUGUST, and Publicity: Hazel Remaley 570-888-7544 DECEMBER. Those meetings and events (and any [email protected] changes) will be announced in this newsletter, with location Editor: David Dick and schedule, as well as on our website [email protected] chehannarocks.com.
    [Show full text]
  • New Data on Minerals
    RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES FERSMAN MINERALOGICAL MUSEUM volume 43 New Data on Minerals FOUNDED IN 1907 MOSCOW 2008 ISSN 5900395626 New Data on Minerals. Volume 43. Мoscow: Аltum Ltd, 2008. 176 pages, 250 photos, and drawings. Editor: Margarita I. Novgorodova, Doctor in Science, Professor. Publication of Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences – Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS This volume contains articles on new mineral species and new finds of rare minerals, among them – Nalivkinite, a new mineral of the astrophyllite group; new finds of Dzhalindite, Mo-bearing Stolzite and Greenockite in ores of the Budgaya, Eastern Transbaikalia; new finds of black Powellite in molybdenum-uranium deposit of Southern Kazakhstan. Corundum-bearing Pegmatite from the Khibiny massif and Columbite-Tantalite group minerals of rare- metal tantalum-bearing amazonite-albite granites from Eastern Transbaikalia and Southern Kazakhstan are described. There is also an article on mineralogical and geochemical features of uranium ores from Southeastern Transbaikalia deposits. New data on titanium-rich Biotite and on polymorphs of anhydrous dicalcium orthosilicate are published. “Mineralogical Museums and Collections” section contains articles on collections and exhibits of Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS: on the collection of mining engineer I.N. Kryzhanovsky; on Faberge Eggs from the funds of this museum (including a describing of symbols on the box with these eggs); on the exhibition devoted to A.E. Fersman’s 125th anniversary and to 80 years of the first edition of his famous book “Amuzing Mineralogy” and the review of Fersman Mineralogical Museum acquisitions in 2006–2008. This section includes also some examples from the history of discovery of national deposits by collection’s specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • ELMER O. Schlemper the Perfect {Old} Cleavage Results
    American Mineralogist, Volume 74, pages 256-262, 1989 PAUL BRIAN MOORE Department of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U.S.A. PRADIP K. SEN GUPTA Department of Geology, Memphis State University, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, U.S.A. ELMER O. ScHLEMPER Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Akrochordite, (Mn,Mg>s(OH).(H20).(AsO.b monoclinic holosymmetric, a = 5.682(2), b = 17.627(5), c = 6.832(1) A, (1= 99.49(2)°, Z = 2, space group P2/c, Dobs= 3.19, 3.26, Deale= 3.26 g.cm-3 for (MnO.80M&.20)'has 12 non-H atoms in the asymmetric unit. R = 0.036 for 1295 independent Fo. Average distances are [6JMn(1}-O 2.174, [6JMn(2}-O 2.232, [6JMn(3}-O 2.188, and ['JAs-O 1.686 A. Bond-distance averages suggest that Mg2+ substi- tutes for Mn2+, with a preference for the Mn(1) site followed by the Mn(3) site. The perfect {OlD} cleavage results from a sheetlike structure with formula-unit com- position ;,[Ms(OH).(H20).(AsO')2] parallel to this plane. Of the six unique hydrogen bonds O-H.. '0, four penetrate the c-axial glide planes at y = If., % and bond symmetry-equiv- alent sheets together. Two of these bonds involve OW(2) -+ 0(3) 2.79 and OH(6) -+ OW(2) 3.02 A, the arrows pointing to hydrogen-bond acceptors and the distances corresponding to oxygen-oxygen separations. Upon projection along [012], it is seen that the sheets are made offundamental building blocks based on ~[MscP~cPdoctahedral walls of amphibole type.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterhouseite Mn7(PO4)2(OH)8
    Waterhouseite Mn7(PO4)2(OH)8 Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2/m. As divergent sprays of bladed crystals to 1.0 mm elongated along [001]. Pseudo-orthorhombic crystals display {100} (dominant), {010}, {011}, and {001}. Twinning: Contact twinning on (100). Physical Properties: Cleavage: Perfect on (100) and probable on (001). Fracture: Splintery to conchoidal. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 4 D(meas.) = 3.55(5) D(calc.) = 3.59 Optical Properties: Transparent. Color: Resinous orange-brown to dark clove-brown. Streak: Yellowish brown. Luster: Vitreous to pearly on cleavage surfaces. Optical Class: Biaxial (-). α =1.730(3) β = ~1.738 γ = 1.738(4) 2V = ~ 0° Orientation: X = b, Y = a, Z = c. Pleochroism: X= pale brown, Y = brown-yellow, Z = pale brown. Absorption: Z = X > Y. Cell Data: Space Group: P21/c. a = 11.364(2) b = 5.570(1) c = 10.455(2) β = 96.61(3)° Z = 2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Iron Monarch mine, Middleback Ranges, Iron Knob, South Australia. 3.621 (100), 4.436 (70), 3.069 (50), 2.941(40), 2.780 (35), 2.890 (20), 2.842 (20) Chemistry: (1) MnO 69.70 ZnO 0.02 P2O5 17.37 As2O5 1.09 V2O5 0.50 H2O [9.49] Total 98.17 (1) Iron Monarch mine, Middleback Ranges, Iron Knob, South Australia; average of 7 electron microprobe analyses supplemented by Raman spectroscopy, H2O calculated from structure analysis; corresponds to Mn7.28[(P1.81As0.07V0.04)O4]1.92(OH)7.81O0.51. Occurrence: In cavities in the carbonate-rich beds of a Precambrian banded iron formation.
    [Show full text]
  • IMA Master List
    The New IMA List of Minerals – A Work in Progress – Updated: September 2014 In the following pages of this document a comprehensive list of all valid mineral species is presented. The list is distributed (for terms and conditions see below) via the web site of the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association, which is the organization in charge for approval of new minerals, and more in general for all issues related to the status of mineral species. The list, which will be updated on a regular basis, is intended as the primary and official source on minerals. Explanation of column headings: Name : it is the presently accepted mineral name (and in the table, minerals are sorted by name). CNMMN/CNMNC approved formula : it is the chemical formula of the mineral. IMA status : A = approved (it applies to minerals approved after the establishment of the IMA in 1958); G = grandfathered (it applies to minerals discovered before the birth of IMA, and generally considered as valid species); Rd = redefined (it applies to existing minerals which were redefined during the IMA era); Rn = renamed (it applies to existing minerals which were renamed during the IMA era); Q = questionable (it applies to poorly characterized minerals, whose validity could be doubtful). IMA No. / Year : for approved minerals the IMA No. is given: it has the form XXXX-YYY, where XXXX is the year and YYY a sequential number; for grandfathered minerals the year of the original description is given. In some cases, typically for Rd and Rn minerals, the year may be followed by s.p.
    [Show full text]
  • A NOVEL FACE-SHARING OCTAHEDRAL TRIMER in the CRYSTAL STRUCTURE of SEAMANITE Paur B
    THE AMERIC.\N MINERALOGIST. VOL. 56. SI]PTI'MBER_OCTOBER, 1971 A NOVEL FACE-SHARING OCTAHEDRAL TRIMER IN THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF SEAMANITE Paur B. Moonn, Departmentof the GeophysicalSciences, The Uniaersitlt of Chicago,Chicago, Illi.nois 60637 AND Susnare Guosr, Planetologlt Branch, Goddard Space Fl,ight Center, G'reenbelt,Maryland 2077 1. Assrnacr The atomic arrangementof seamanire,Mnl+(oI{)dB(oH)4][Po{1, a 7.811 (5). 6 15.114(10), r 6 691(5) L, Z:+, spacegroup Pbnm,was deciphered b1. vector set tech- niques.Utilizing 1217independent reflections, full-matrix refinementconverged to Rau :0.062. The structure is basedon a novel face-sharingMn-O octahedraltrimer which links bv edge-sharingwith symmetry equivalent trimers to form infinite chains running parallel to the c-axis Each chain is weakly linked to an equivalent chain through common hy- droxylgroups to form a band.The ligandsinclude (OH)- anions,and tetrahedral[B(OH){l and [POa]groups The tetrahedral groups bridge octahedralbands to form a fairly rigid three-dimensionaledifice. One oxygenatom associatedrvith P doesnot bond to the octa- hedralcations but acceptsfour possiblehydrogen bonds which, with the P5+cation, define a distorted trigonal bipyramid. The peculiartrimer is apparentlystabilized by the shortO-O'edge associated rvith the borate tetrahedron. Of the three trimeric face-sharingoctahedral isomers, two are no$ known to exist in natural crystals ItTrnooucrror.I Seamanite, a rare hydrated borate-phosphate of manganese, was first described by Kraus, Seaman, and Slawson (1930). It occurred in frac- tures cutting siliceous rock at the Chicagon Mine, Iron River, Michigan, as pale pink to yellow acicular crystals associated with sussexite, man- ganic oxyhydroxides, and calcite.
    [Show full text]
  • The Picking Table Volume 15, No. 2
    JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN-QGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 15 AUGUST 1974 NUMBER 2 The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. CLUB PROGRAM - FALL 1974 All meetings will be held at the Hardyston School, intersection of Routes #23 and #517, Franklin, N.J. Pre-meeting activities start at 1:00 P.M. Speaker will be introduced at 2:30 P.M. Saturday, Field Trip - Cellate Quarry, Cork Hill Road, September 21st Franklin, N.J. 9:00 AM to 12:00 noon. Meeting - 2:30 P.M. Speaker - Mr. Robert W. Metsger re "The Origin of the Ores of Sterling Hill'.'. Saturday, Field Trip - Old Andover Iron Mine (opposite October 19th Aeroflex Field) Liitecrest Road Andover, N.J. 9:00 A.M. to 12:00 Noon. Meeting - 2:30 P.M. Speaker - Dr. Ralph J. Holmes Subject - Sone of the Arsenic Minerals of the Franklin-Ogdensburg Mining Area Saturday Field Trip - Trotter Dump, Main Street, Franklin, November 16th N.J. 9:00 A.M. to 12:00 Noon. Meeting - 2:30 P.M. Speaker - Dr. Vincent D. Manson Subject - Sana of the Rare Franklin Minerals. ******* Daily Franklin Attractions Buckwheat Mineral Dump - entrance through the Franklin Mineral Museum, Evans Street, Franklin, N.J. Daily collecting fee. Franklin Mineral Museum, Evans Street, Franklin, N.J. Admission charge. Gerstmann Private Mineral Museum, Walsh Street- Franklin, N.J. Open weekends; on weekdays by arrangement. No charge, courtesy of the owners. Trotter Mineral Dump - Main Street, Franklin (behind the Bank) Daily collecting fee. ******* THE PICKING TABLE is issued twice a year; a February issue to reach members about March 1st with news and the Club Spring program; and an August issue to reach members about September 1st vrith news and the Fall program.
    [Show full text]