Background ...... 1 Self - healing concrete ...... 1 Tansparent A luminium ...... 3 Aerogel Insulation ...... 6 Robotic Swarm Construction ...... 8 Design factors of Swarm Robots ...... 8 Applications of Swarm robots: ...... 8 Futuristic Technologies in Construction Conclusion: ...... 9 3D Printed Houses ...... 9 Smart Roads ...... 10 What Is Smart Road Technology? ...... 10 An electronic handbook From Sci - Fi To Reality: 7 Smart Road Technologies ...... 11 compiled and edited by Bamboo Cities ...... 13 Asian Contractor Association Smart Bricks ...... 15 © June 2020 Vertical Cities ...... 17

Pollution Fighting Buildings ...... 18 ACA Member Services ...... 19

Asian Contractor Association 2015 E. M Franklin Ave Austin, TX 78723 www.acta - austin.com [email protected] Tel: 512 - 926 - 5400

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Background "You need bacteria that can survive the harsh environment of concrete," Jonkers It’s no secret that technology is revolutioni z ing literally every aspect of modern said in an interview with CNN. "It's a rock - like, stone - like material, very dry." day life. The construction industry, continually being updated and upgraded with the latest technology, is one such example of this. Bacillus is a perfect mat ch for the job. The bacteria will thrive in the high - alkaline conditions of concrete and produce spores that can live up to four years without Technology in construction comes with devising innovative new ways of any food or oxygen. constructing and whilst the changing future of construction is largely unknown, Jonkers finalized his creation by adding calcium lactate to the limestone concrete there are some construction technology trends that are paving the way for certain mixture i n order to feed the bacillus so that they can produce limestone to repair futuristic construction technology. cracks in the concrete.

So, what can we de finitely expect the future to hold for construction? Here’s ten "It is combining nature with construction materials," Jonkers said. "Nature is futuristic construction technologies of the future for you to have a gander at. supplying us a lot of functionality for free. In this case, limestone - producin g bacteria." Self - healing concrete Sodium Silicate - Based Self Healing Concrete Millions of pounds are invested in maintaining, fixing and restoring roads, buildings, tun nels and bridges annually. This is because all concrete eventually An engineering student with the University of Rhode Island, Michelle Pelletier, cracks and needs to be restored. Self healing concrete would add years to a created a similar self healing concrete in collaboration with Arijit Bose, a professor of chemical engineering at her university. Their self healing concrete is building’s life and be an enormous help time - wise and financially. inexpensive, utilizing a micro - encapsulated sodium silicate healing agent, according to an interview with Pelletier on New Atlas. The science behind this technological marvel s hows itself when water enters a crack. This reactivates the bacteria that was mixed in during the mixing process. As cracks form in the concrete, these capsules rupture and release the sodium When the bacteria is activated, it excretes calcite which then heals the crack. sil icate. The healing agent reacts with the calcium hydroxide within the concrete, forming a calcium - silica - hydrate gel that repairs the crack and hardens in about a Invented over 2,000 years ago, concrete has consistently remai ned one of the week. most commonly used building materials. It is solid, durable, easy to mass produce, easy to maintain, as well as cheap. The downside? Concrete is Fungus - Based Self Healing Concrete susceptible to cracks that can compromise the entire structure of a building. If cracks aren't c aught and filled while they're small, it can lead to catastrophic Taking inspiration from our own bodily functions, Ning Zhang of Rutgers damages. University, as well as Congrui Jin, Guangwen Zhou and David Davies of New York's Binghamton University created a fungus - based self healing concrete, However, it seems the days of cracked concrete may be coming to an end. according to New Atlas. Scientists have revolutionized the industry with the development of self - healing concrete. Their concrete relies on spores from the Trichoderma reesei fungus. These spores remain dormant until the first cracks begin to emerge, at which that point they Everything You Need to Know About Self Healing Concrete begin to fill these areas in.

Over the years, scientists and engineers around the globe have experimented with The Future of Self Healing Concrete various healing agents to perfect self healing concrete. Some of these healing agents have been bacteria, sodium silicate, and even f ungus . As you can imagine, self healing concrete is a total game - changer. It gives us the abil ity to construct buildings without worrying about damages or intensive Bacteria - Based Self Healing Concrete maintenance. Not only will structures benefit from self healing concrete, they are a wonderful solution for sidewalks. Smooth pavement can be laid down in cities Self healing concrete was invented by Henk Jonkers, a microbiologist and and suburbs, without ha ving to worry about wear and tear. professor at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. Jonkers began developing self healing concrete in 2006. After three year s of experimenting, he However, self healing concrete is still in the midst of being perfected. While it found the perfect healing agent - bacillus. may be hard to get your hands on some self healing concrete at the moment, you 3 4 can expect it to dominate the industry within the next few years. In the The discovery was made possible with the development of a new source of meantime, there are recipes to create your own self healing concrete online. radiation that is ten billion times brighter tha n any synchrotron in the world (such as the UK’s Diamond Light Source). The FLASH laser, based in Hamburg, One of the most commonly used building materials is once again revolutionizing Germany, produces extremely brief pulses of soft X - ray light, each of which is how we build and design our infrastructures. With self healing concrete, wear and tea r will no longer be a worry for concrete buildings or sidewalks. Although it is more powerful than the output of a power plant that provides electrici ty to a still in development, scientists are taking many different approaches to perfecting whole city. self healing concrete. Some of these healing agents have been created using bacteria, sodium silicate, as well as fungus. The Oxford team, along with their international colleagues, focused all this power down into a spot with a diameter less than a twentieth of the width of a human Lorman Education Service is a continuing education provider of compliance hair. At such high intensities the aluminium turned transparent. based training materials, courses and resources. To learn more information about Lorman Educational Services, please contact us . Whilst th e invisible effect lasted for only an extremely brief period – an estimated 40 femtoseconds – it demonstrates that such an exotic state of matter can be Tansparent A luminium created using very high power X - ray sources. Transparent aluminium is a bullet - proof new state of matter that is almost as Professor Wark added: ‘What is particularly remarkable abo ut our experiment is strong as steel. Despite its herculean strength, it looks like glass which is four that we have turned ordinary aluminium into this exotic new material in a single times weaker and shatters easily. Transparent aluminium is a new material and a step by using this very powerful laser. For a brief period the sample looks and see - t hrough metal that is just breaking through the construction industry and behaves in every way like a new form of matter. In certain respects, the w ay it adds a futuristic feel to buildings. reacts is as though we had changed every aluminium atom into silicon: it’s almost as surprising as finding that you can turn lead into gold with light!’ This new material is such advanced construction technology that it is made out of aluminium oxynitride (AION) and is created through the use of la ser technology. The researchers believe that the new approach is an ideal way to create and study such exotic sta tes of matter and will lead to further work relevant to areas as Oxford scientists have created a transparent form of aluminium by bombarding diverse as planetary science, astrophysics and nuclear fusion power. the metal with the world’s most powerful soft X - ray laser. ‘Transparent aluminium’ previously only existed in science fiction, featuring in the movie Star A report of the research, ‘Turning solid aluminium transparent by intense soft X - Trek IV, but the real material is an exotic new state of matter with implications ray photoionization’, is published in Nat ure Physics. The research was carried out for planetary science and nuclear fusion. by an international team led by Oxford University scientists Professor Justin Wark, Dr Bob Nagler, Dr Gianluca Gregori, William Murphy, Sam Vinko and In the journal Nature Physics an international team, led by Oxford University Thomas Whitcher. scientists, report that a short pulse from the FLASH laser ‘knocked out’ a core electron from every aluminium atom in a sample without disrupting the metal’s Transparent aluminum is a form of aluminum that is see - through. crystalline structure. This turned the aluminium nearly invisible to extreme ultraviolet radiation. Most commonly someone speaking about transparent aluminum is referring to AION (aluminum oxynitride), a ceramic alloy. However, aluminum can exist in ''What we have created is a completely new state of matter nobody has seen an elemental, metallic form made transparent by bombarding with a soft x - before,’ said Professor Justin Wark of Oxford University’s Department of Physics, ray laser . one of the authors of the paper. ‘Transparent al uminium is just the start. The physical properties of the matter we are creating are relevant to the conditions In Star Trek IV, the Enterprise’s engineer, Scotty, barters with a materials inside large planets, and we also hope that by studying it we can gain a greater scientist using his future - based knowledge of transparent aluminum, one - inch of understanding of what is going on during the creation of 'minia ture stars' created material as strong as six inches of the their polymer - based material. by high - power laser implosions, which may one day allow the power of nuclear In reality, AION does represent a great increase in strength: applications in bullet fusion to be harnessed here on Earth.’ resistant “glass” create transparent armor that can stop an armor - piercing .50 5 6 calibre round travelling 2700 feet - per - second, at less than ha lf the traditional thickness of bullet - resistant glass that would fail to stop the same round. In this Aerogel Insulation application, it is used as a layer in an AION glass and polymer sandwich. Sometimes known as ‘frozen smoke’, aerogel is semi - transparent and is produced AION is difficult to produce: aluminum oxynitride powder must be pressurized to by removing the liquid from a gel, leaving behind the silica structure which is 15,000 pounds per inch in rubber molds submerged in hydraulic fluid. Then the 90% air. Despite being almost weightless, aerogel holds its shape and can be used molded and still opaque material is heated to 2000’C and kept at that to create thin sheets of aerogel fabric. temperature for two days. The AION emerges transparent after cooling and is Aerogel fabric is beginning to be used within the construction industry, due to its ready for a final grind and po lish for extra clarity and strength. incredible i nsulation properties. Aerogel insulation makes it extremely difficult It has been argued transparent metallic elemental aluminum was really what for heat or cold to pass through and has up to four times the power of fibreglass Scotty said was “the ticket, laddie.” Even recently many claimed this material or foam insulation. would never be a reality. Oxford University scientists claim to h ave discovered Aerogels have been in existence for more than 80 years. Invented in 1931 by Dr. that aluminum subjected to brief pulses of the FLASH laser, focused down to an Samu el Kistler at the College of the Pacific in California, silica aerogel is a area smaller than a cross section of a human hair, made it transparent. However, lightweight solid derived from gel in which the liquid component of the gel has the effect only lasted forty femtoseconds and each pulse of the laser required been replaced with gas. When the liquid is removed, what remains is “puffed - up enough power to supply a whole city. sand," with up to 99% porosity. The result is an extremely low density solid with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as a thermal insulator. Aerogels also have value in emerging applications such as energy storage, filtration and carbon capture.

The solids in silica aerogels are poor conductors, consist of very small, three - dimensional, intertwined clusters that comprise only 3% of the volume. Conduction through the solid is therefore very low. The remaining 97% of the volume of aerogels is composed o f air in extremely small nanopores. The air has little room to move, inhibiting both convection and gas - phase conduction.

These characteristics make aerogels the world’s lowest density solid and most effective thermal insulator. After many decades as a lab oratory curiosity, Aspen Aerogels has successfully commercialized a technically and economically viable form of aerogel for industrial and building insulation uses. These developments represent the first application of our Aerogel Technology Platform base d on silica aerogels.

Aspen Aerogels offers high performance aerogel insulation blankets for both hot and cold service applications. Our Pyrogel®, Cryogel® and Spaceloft® aerogel blanket insulation products have been widely used in industrial and building insulation markets for over a decade. Our unique patented process integrates aerogel into a fiber - batting reinforcement to create flexible, resilient and durable aerogel blankets with superior insulating properties.

The aerogel part of our high performance insulation blankets is comprised of synthetic amorphous silica (SAS). The other major ingredient in our products is a 7 8 non - woven, needled batting comprised of either E - glass fibers or a blend of Robotic Swarm Construction polyester (PET) fibers and E - glass fibers. Developed by researchers at Harvard, robotic swarm construction was designed Synthetic amorphou s silica has been produced for more than 100 years for a based on how termites work. Termites work together like a ‘swarm’ and variety of uses (adsorbents, fillers, anti - caking agents) and consumer products construction robotics are programmed to work together in this manner. (toothpaste, cosmetics, food, animal feed). The US EPA recently listed synthetic amorphous silica as a chemical on the Safer Chemical Ingredient List , part of the Four - wheeled robots are programmed in each instance to build a certain design Safer Choice program. The Safer Chemical Ingredients List (SCIL) is a list of and come with sensors to detect the presence of other robots, so t hat they can chemical ingredients that the Safer Choice Program has evaluated and work together. determined to be safer than traditional chemical ingredients. Robot swarm construction designed and developed in the Harvard University. Harvard University’s “Self - organizing Systems Research Group” built and Synthetic amorphous silica is oleophilic, so it readily absorbs the oils from your programmed the small construction robotics to work together as a swarm. The skin. This characteristic is why synthetic amorphous silica is used in cosmetics as conce pt of this technology inspired by termites and their skill in constructing a n anti - sheen agent. For worker comfort when working with Pyrogel ® , monumental pieces using mud. The Harvard robotics researchers followed the Cryogel ® or Spaceloft ® aerogel blanket insulation, we recommend safety termites working style off without taking any orders from others to create this eyewear, work gloves, long sleeves, and long - legged work clothes. Respiratory technology. protection is recommended if dust exposu res exceed occupational exposure limits. Aerogel dust is easily washed from the skin and clothing using soap and The robots (fo ur - wheeled) used in this technology has the ability to build a brick - water. walls by lifting and laying the small bricks in the required position. With the help of sensors installed within their design, robots can detect the presence of other robots in their way. They also follow the rule of getting out of each other’s way by using the sensors. Due to this application, there is no need for controlling operation for these robots. Like termites, no one needs to control them, but they only need programming to build t he things in a proper design.

Design factors of Swarm Robots The following factors have to consider to get the potential benefits from this technology: -

1. The actions and timing of robots are isn’t always predictable. The robots should be correctly programme d to avoid these type of problems. 2. The hardware design of robots should be simple enough to construct a specific design. 3. The robot should have the ability to use sensors for manipulating and sensing their shared environment. 4. The robots should be self - contr olled.

Applications of Swarm robots: 1. Construction of space station 2. Construction of deep underwater gas pipelines 3. Construction of brick towers. 4. Disaster rescue missions 5. Surveillance and environmental monitoring

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Conclusion: As this technology improves more, it will help us to build things where humans can’t build those things easily. In the future, robot swarm technology will become an alternative solution to underwater construction, hold back floodwaters and others.

Smart Roads Also known as smart highways, smart roads are the futu re of transport and involve using sensors and IoT technology to make driving safer and greener. They give drivers real - time information regarding traffic information (congestion and parking availability for example) and weather conditions. This innovative 3D Printed Houses technology can generate energy, charging electric vehicles on the move, as well as for street lights. 3D prin ted houses are a glimpse into the future of construction. 3D printing homes will involve creating parts off - site and constructing the building on another occasion. It was pioneered by Apis Cor and based on San Francisco recently proved that they can 3D - print walls out of concrete in a relatively short The road is an often - overlooked part of the modern transport infrastructure. space of time. We’ve all heard of self - driving cars, navigation apps, and ride - hailing serv ices. But as it turns out, the road itself can be a platform for an amazing array of The ‘printer’, which is similar in look to a small - scale crane, sets layers of innovations. Roads can be upgraded with communication, lighting and power concrete mixtures. 3D printed homes cou ld be a great solution for quickly transmission technologies that can support sustainability, improve safety, and covering the housing needs of people who have been affected by physical transform the driv ing experience. disasters such as tsunamis, hurricanes and earthquakes or for those in poverty. What Is Smart Road Technology? Smart roads use Internet of Things (IoT) devices to make driving safer, more efficient, and greener. Smart roads combine physical infrastructures such as sensors and solar panels with software infrastructure like AI and big data. 11 12

Glowing markers painted onto existing roadway surfaces use a photo - luminescent powder that absorbs and stores daylight. The 500m long strips glow Smart road technologies are embedded in roads and can improve visibility, for 8 hours after dark. This technology is still in the testing phase, and the glow is generate energy, communicate with autonomous vehicles, monitor road not yet consistent, but it could be more cost - effective than traditional road conditions, and more. Here are a few examples: lighting.

IoT connectivity : Cities ca n connect roads to IoT devices, and gather traffic and 4. Interactive lights weather data. This type of connectivity can improve safety, traffic management, and energy efficiency. Road lights activated by motion sens ors to illuminate a particular section of the road as a car approaches. The lights dim once the car passes. Suited for roads Traffic management networks : For improving safety and reducing with less traffic, interactive lights provide night visibility as needed and reduce congestion. The network uses speed cameras to provide warning signs for energy wastage when there are no cars. One desi gn, developed by the hazardous conditions, and sends automated traffic diversion signals that control Dutch Studio Roosegaarde , uses wind generated by passing vehicles to power traffic. lights.

Traffic lights optimization : Systems that use data from closed - circuit 5. Electric priority lane for charging electric vehicles television (CCTV) cameras or smart vehicles to optimize traffic lights and update commuters on jams or bottlenecks. Embedded cables gen erate magnetic fields that charge electric vehicles while driving. A receiver coil in the vehicle picks up electromagnetic oscillations from a Most transport - related smart tech focus on individual vehicles, although there transmitter coil embedded in the road and converts them to AC, which can then have been major advances in technological solutions for smart infrastructure at power the car. Inductive charging t echnology already exists for static cars, but scale. Worldwide experiments in Vehi cle to Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle to future wireless technology could charge batteries while in motion. Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) technologies are expected to make urban transport smarter. 6. Weather detection

From Sci - Fi To Reality: 7 Smart Road Technologies Networks of AI - integrated sensors detect weather conditions that impact road 1. Solar powered roadways safety. Road Weather Information Systems (RWIS) in use today are limited because they only collect data from a small set of weather stations. A larger future Photovoltaic cells are embedded within hexagonal panels made of tempered network could use automated weather stations to collect atmospheric and glass, which are used to pave roads. These panels contain LEDs, microprocessors, weather da ta and instantly upload it to the cloud. Dynamic temperature - sensitive snow - melting heating devices and inductive charging capabi lity for electric paint could be used to highlight invisible roadway conditions like black ice. vehicles when driving. Glass is renewable and can be engineered to be stronger than steel, and to allow cars to stop safely even when traveling at high speeds. 7. Traffic detection While this idea has gained widespread support, attracting over $2 million in c rowdfunding, scalability is a challenge as it remains expensive. Data that helps travelers plan their routes. Sensors lining highways monitor traffic flow and weight load, warn drivers of traffic jams, and automatically alert 2. Smart pavement the authorities about accidents. Fiber - optic cables embedded in the road detect wear and tear, and communication between vehicles and roads can improve Specially engineered roadways fitted with smart features, including sensors that traffic management. For exam ple, Rapid Flow Technologies uses artificial monitor and report changing road conditions, and WiFi transmitters that provide intelligence (AI) to manage traffic lights, which respond to each other and to cars. broadband se rvices to vehicles, homes and businesses. The smart pavement can also charge electric cars as they drive. Encouraging The Adoption Of Smart Road Tech

3. Glow in the dark roads Many governments and tr ansport authorities understand the value of smart road technologies. However, developing smart city infrastructure at scale can be costly 13 14 and complex. Leaders can break down smart road projects into chunks, starting As the structure extends to accommodate the number of people, it grows in with low - investment, narrow - scale initia tives that can provide initial value, strength. Modular structures are incred ibly scalable and can grow in any setting the stage for high - investment, large - scale efforts. direction, making it perfect for a city in the trees. Another added bonus – they can resist earthquake tremors due to bamboo’s high flexibility. In the early days of motor - powered mobility, cars were available, but there was no suitable road infrastructure; the first private cars were hardly more effe ctive Bamboo might just be the perfect natural building material. It’s abundant: The than horse - driven wagons. Gradually, authorities recognized that only a major plant can grow up to four feet per day, and, when harvested, it regrows investment in road infrastructure would help the population reap the benefits of without having to be replanted. Not to mention, it’s two to three times new transport technology. stronger than steel. But few architects have explored the plant’s untapped potential as a construc tion mainstay. Enter Penda, a Beijing - and Vienna - Similarly, today’s municipal governments and inter - city transpor t authorities based architectural firm that has been perfecting its blueprints for a modular should wake up to the importance of smart roads, as an essential platform for bamboo structure for several years. The firm, founded in 2013, first unveiled mobility innovation. Smart roads will power smarter cars, empower drivers, and plans to use bamboo for a project called One with Birds, which featured a hotel provide governments with unprecedented visibility and control over the living comprising bamboo tents and towers, inspired in part by tepees constructed fabric of motor - based traffic. by Native Americans. The basic tent unit, built using an X - shaped bamboo joint fastened with rope, can be articulated horizontally and vertically.

Con struction is relatively simple, requiring very little equipment. Even the scaffolding needed for building a bamboo tower can be made using bamboo. The benefits of bamboo structures, however, are greater than just construction ease. In many parts of the wor ld, bamboo is readily available, replenishable, and, compared with other building materials, negligibly expensive. When growing, the plant releases nearly 35 percent more oxygen and absorbs nearly 35 percent more carbon dioxide than most trees. Canes from one building can be reused several times over in other projects. Bamboo structures can also be easily deployed as disaster shelters to many regions of the world.

But Penda’s vision is even grander. The firm imagines an entire city built with its bamboo mod ules. By using the designs from its hotel concept, Penda estimates that a city of 200,000 inhabitants could be built by 2023 using a sustainable scheme for planting and building. Harvesting from 250 acres, the city builders would plant two canes of bamboo for each one they cut down for use in their city. The pace at which construction is completed is crucial to ensuring that the project makes as little environmental impact as possible. In late 2015, Penda built its first prototype, called Rising Canes, for Beijing Design Week, so perhaps soon bamboo structures will sprout up around the world.

Bamboo Cities Bamboo cities are cities made from innovative modular bamboo structures that interlock. It’s a form of sustainable construction and a renewable resource that is stronger than steel and more resilient than concrete. T he purpose is to hold a new community in the trees and as the number of inhabitants increases, the structure will extend to accommodate this. 15 16

The re - invented bricks, developed by a team of scientists from the University of the West of England, also up their game in the sustainability field as they are capable of recycling wastewater and generating electricity from sunlight. They will be able to fit together and create 'bioreactor walls', which could then be incorporated in housing, public build ing and office spaces.

The smart living bricks will be made from bio - reactors filled with microbial cells and photosynthetic organisms. Each brick will contain Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) containing a variety of micro - organisms specifically chosen to clea n water, reclaim phosphate, generate electricity and facilitate the production of new detergents, as part of the same process.

The MFCs that will make up the living engine of the wall of smart bricks will be able to sense their surroundings and respond to them through a series of digitally coordinated mechanisms.

Imagine each smart brick as an electrical analogous computer; a building made of such bricks will be a massive - parallel computing processor.

Walls in buildings comprised of smart bricks containing bioreactors will integrate massive - parallel computing processors where millions of living creatures sense the occupants in the building and the internal and external environmental Smart Bricks conditions.

Smart bricks are modular connecting bricks and are similar to ‘Lego.’ Made out of So what does this mean to the buildings we live and work in? Well, it turns out it high strength concrete and developed by ‘Kite Bricks’, smart bricks are versatile could mean quite a great deal. and come with substantial thermal energy control and a reduction in construction costs. As they are modularly designed, they are easy to connect and These living bricks may eventually transform homes an d office buildings with a have space for insulation, electricity and plumbing. more sustainable approach to construction and building functions, with the MFC modules made into actuating building blocks as part of wall structures. This will Brick has been a reliable constr uction material for centuries and has proven itself allow us to explore the possibility of treating household waste, gene rating useful time and time again. There is no shortage of brick structures around the world levels of electricity, and have 'active programmable' walls within our living still providing good service; brick is beautiful to look at, it has excellent environments. sustainability credentials and it’s hard to bea t on price. These technologies could completely transform the places where we live and However, now this construction material we have trusted for thousands of years work, enabling us to not just use our buildings but to co - live with them. Instead is going through an age of reinvention . These energy - generating “smart bricks” of mere dwellings, our buildings would be more like large - scale living organisms are said to turn ordinary buildings into efficient, living machines. addressing all environmental and energy needs of their occupants… namely, us.

Designed to self - adapt to changing environmental conditions these “smart bricks” will monitor and modify air in the building and recognise occupa nts.

If that sounds more like science fiction than reality, it really isn’t. 17 18

Polluti on Fighting Buildings Also known as ‘vertical forests’, they are high - rise forest buildings designed to tackle air pollution. Pollution fighting buildings will be home to over 1,000 trees and 2,500 shrubs to absorb pollution in the air and to help filter i t to make the air cleaner. Trees are highly productive in absorbing carbon dioxide, making this a cost - effective construction innovation.

Vertical Cities Vertical cities may soon become reality as the world’s population gro ws and land increasingly becomes scarce. They are tetris - like buildings of towers for thousands of people to inhabit. Supporting an blooming population, vertical cities are a space - saving solution to preserve land for food, nature and production.

ACA Member Services Asian Contractor Association 1. Business and Technical Consultation 2. Asian Subcontractor/Sub - consultant Referral Services A non - profit organization serving Asian businesses 3. Plan Room Services in the Greater Austin Metro Area since 2001 4. Plan Reading, Cost Estimating Consultation (RSMeans)

5. Bid/Event Notifications 6. Minority Business Enterprise Certification Application, Renewal and Board of Director Profile Change Process 7. Proposal Writing and Bid Submission Chairman 8. Contract Compliance and Contract Review Mahes h Naik 9. Non - payment Or Other Disputes With Prime Contractors 10. M/WBE Program Ordinance and Compliance Plan Orientation Executive Vice Chairman 11. How To Use Vendor Connection George Chang 12. Translations 13. Liaison Services Between Vendors and City Departments Treasurer 14. Assist Vendors to Resolve Bid or Project Related Issues LiLi 15. Assist Vendors to Research Current and Past City Solicitations or Winning Proposals Member 16. Collective Representation to Improve Asian Vendor Utilization Sung E. Cho 17. Other Individualized Services Upon R equest Member Thong Vo

4201 Ed Bluestein Blvd., #2105, Austin, TX 78721 Tel: 512 - 926 - 5400 www.acta - austin.com Executive Director [email protected] Aletta Banks