The Automated Scorebook for Baseball User Guide
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2021 District 41 Inter-League Rules
2021 District 41 Inter-League Rules Objective: Promote, develop, supervise, and voluntarily assist in all lawful ways, the interest of those who will participate in Little League Baseball. District 41 leagues participating in Inter- league play will adhere to the same rules for the 2021 Season. General: The “2021 Official Regulations and Playing Rules of Little League Baseball” will be strictly enforced, except those rules adopted by these Bylaws. All Managers, Coaches and Umpires shall familiarize themselves with all rules contained in the 2021 Official Regulations and Playing Rules of Little League Baseball (Blue Book/ LL app). All Managers, Coaches and Umpires shall familiarize themselves with District 41 2021 Inter-league Bylaws District 41 Division Bylaws • Tee-Ball Division: • Teams can either use the tee or coach pitch • Each field must have a tee at their field • A Tee-ball game is 60-minutes maximum. • Each team will bat the entire roster each inning. Official scores or standings shall not be maintained. • Each batter will advance one base on a ball hit to an infielder or outfielder, with a maximum of two bases on a ball hit past an outfielder. The last batter of each inning will clear the bases and run as if a home run and teams will switch sides. • No stealing of bases or advancing on overthrows. • A coach from the team on offense will place/replace the balls on the batting tee. • On defense, all players shall be on the field. There shall be five/six (If using a catcher) infield positions. The remaining players shall be positioned in the outfield. -
NCAA Statistics Policies
Statistics POLICIES AND GUIDELINES CONTENTS Introduction ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3 NCAA Statistics Compilation Guidelines �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 First Year of Statistics by Sport ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������4 School Code ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������4 Countable Opponents ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 5 Definition ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Non-Countable Opponents ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Sport Implementation ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Rosters ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 6 Head Coach Determination ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6 Co-Head Coaches ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 -
The Rules of Scoring
THE RULES OF SCORING 2011 OFFICIAL BASEBALL RULES WITH CHANGES FROM LITTLE LEAGUE BASEBALL’S “WHAT’S THE SCORE” PUBLICATION INTRODUCTION These “Rules of Scoring” are for the use of those managers and coaches who want to score a Juvenile or Minor League game or wish to know how to correctly score a play or a time at bat during a Juvenile or Minor League game. These “Rules of Scoring” address the recording of individual and team actions, runs batted in, base hits and determining their value, stolen bases and caught stealing, sacrifices, put outs and assists, when to charge or not charge a fielder with an error, wild pitches and passed balls, bases on balls and strikeouts, earned runs, and the winning and losing pitcher. Unlike the Official Baseball Rules used by professional baseball and many amateur leagues, the Little League Playing Rules do not address The Rules of Scoring. However, the Little League Rules of Scoring are similar to the scoring rules used in professional baseball found in Rule 10 of the Official Baseball Rules. Consequently, Rule 10 of the Official Baseball Rules is used as the basis for these Rules of Scoring. However, there are differences (e.g., when to charge or not charge a fielder with an error, runs batted in, winning and losing pitcher). These differences are based on Little League Baseball’s “What’s the Score” booklet. Those additional rules and those modified rules from the “What’s the Score” booklet are in italics. The “What’s the Score” booklet assigns the Official Scorer certain duties under Little League Regulation VI concerning pitching limits which have not implemented by the IAB (see Juvenile League Rule 12.08.08). -
Youth Baseball Player Pitch Rules 4Th-6Th Grade NATIONAL LEAGUE
MJCCA Youth Baseball Player Pitch Rules 4th-6th Grade NATIONAL LEAGUE: PLAYER PITCH BASEBALL The baseball used in this league will be a regular baseball. Time Limit: No new inning after 1 hour 30 minutes. If the Home Team is ahead when time expires, it is up to the Visiting Team to decide if they would like to finish the inning. THE FIELD Standard Little League Field The distance between bases will be seventy feet (70'). The distance from the pitching rubber to home plate will be approximately forty-seven feet (47'). INDIVIDUAL PLAYING TIME 1. All players will bat continuously through the batting order for the entire game. 2. No player will remain out of the game for two (2) consecutive innings during a game. Ex.: If player #5 bats second in the batting order, does not get to start in the field in the first inning. Therefore, player #5 must play in the field in the second inning. PITCHING RULES 1. Any team member may pitch, subject to the other restrictions of the pitching rules. 2. A pitcher shall not pitch any more than THREE (3) continuous innings per game. 3. Delivering one (1) pitch to a batter shall be considered as pitching one (1) inning Revised 8/08 4. A coach shall be entitled to request time, on defense, to talk to his pitcher once per inning. On the second visit in the same inning, he shall be required to remove the pitcher from the mound, but he can be placed at any other position in the field. -
Mcminnville Grizzly Grand Slam JBO Invitational Baseball Tournament Supplemental Tournament Rules
McMinnville Grizzly Grand Slam JBO Invitational Baseball Tournament Supplemental Tournament Rules TOURNAMENT RULES: Official Tournament rules will be as outlined in the most current edition of the official NFHS rule book, as adopted and modified by the OSAA, as modified in the 2015 JBO rulebook (located online at http://juniorbaseballorg.com/images/documents/2015_jbo_book_web.pdf ) or as outlined in our tournament rules. General Tournament Information: Tournaments are a (3) three game guaranteed with Team and Individual player awards awarded to the 1st and 2nd place teams in the gold bracket and 1 st place in silver bracket. Tournament Director Matthew Primbs 971-237-6529 [email protected] All communication prior to and during Tournament weekend shall be directed to the Tournament Director. Tournament Team Information: OFFICIAL ROSTERS: All coaches will need to provide a comprehensive player roster (Full player names and uniform numbers) in advance of the first tournament game played. MJBO will have an “open” roster policy in regards to the original roster submitted to the Tournament Director. No roster substitutions and/or modifications will be allowed after the initial comprehensive player roster is submitted and accepted by MJBO Tournament Director. GAME CHECK IN: Teams shall check in for all scheduled Tournament games with the appropriate site specific Tournament Official approximately twenty (20) minutes prior to the scheduled game time. Roster and/or line-up cards must also be prepared and made available to MJBO and the opposing team’s scorekeeper at least (20) twenty minutes before game time. Tournament Specific Rules: HOME/AWAY DESIGNATION: For pool and/or seeding games - the “home” & “away” team(s) will be determined by the toss of a coin, with the team physically residing the furthest from McMinnville, OR making the “call” prior to the coin being tossed. -
More on Defensive Regression (Or Runs) Analysis 7
More on Defensive A Regression (or Runs) Analysis Th is appendix has three primary objectives: fi rst, to disclose aspects of DRA not disclosed in chapter two; second, to address aspects of the model that raise issues related less to baseball per se than to statistical modeling in gen- eral; and third, to drive home the fundamental point that DRA is not an answer, but a method. Included in this appendix are certain alternative models I tried, and suggestions for further improvements, which should provide some sense of the range of alternative approaches that are possible. DRA POST-1951 Overview Th ere are essentially two DRA models: post-1951 and pre-1952. Th e post- 1951 model uses a subset of Retrosheet play-by-play data currently available for seasons aft er 1951, and was almost completely described in chapter two. Th e pre-1952 model must make do with considerably less data, which ren- ders it more primitive for infi elders and unavoidably more complicated for outfi elders. When we fi rst began explaining DRA, we took a ‘bottom-up’ approach, starting from the shortstop position and gradually building up until we had a team model. Here we’ll take a ‘top-down’ approach, revealing the entire post-1951 team model all at once, and then discussing its components. Likewise, we’ll start with a top-down discussion of the pre-1952 model. Th e following page presents the entire post-1951 model on one page, with a glos- sary of defi ned terms on the facing page. 3 AAppendix-A.inddppendix-A.indd 3 22/1/2011/1/2011 22:27:53:27:53 PPMM AAppendix-A.indd 4 p p e n d i x - A . -
Measuring Production and Predicting Outcomes in the National Basketball Association
Measuring Production and Predicting Outcomes in the National Basketball Association Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Michael Steven Milano, M.S. Graduate Program in Education The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: Packianathan Chelladurai, Advisor Brian Turner Sarah Fields Stephen Cosslett Copyright by Michael Steven Milano 2011 Abstract Building on the research of Loeffelholz, Bednar and Bauer (2009), the current study analyzed the relationship between previously compiled team performance measures and the outcome of an “un-played” game. While past studies have relied solely on statistics traditionally found in a box score, this study included scheduling fatigue and team depth. Multiple models were constructed in which the performance statistics of the competing teams were operationalized in different ways. Absolute models consisted of performance measures as unmodified traditional box score statistics. Relative models defined performance measures as a series of ratios, which compared a team‟s statistics to its opponents‟ statistics. Possession models included possessions as an indicator of pace, and offensive rating and defensive rating as composite measures of efficiency. Play models were composed of offensive plays and defensive plays as measures of pace, and offensive points-per-play and defensive points-per-play as indicators of efficiency. Under each of the above general models, additional models were created to include streak variables, which averaged performance measures only over the previous five games, as well as logarithmic variables. Game outcomes were operationalized and analyzed in two distinct manners - score differential and game winner. -
Psychological Bulletin Video Game Training Does Not Enhance Cognitive Ability: a Comprehensive Meta-Analytic Investigation Giovanni Sala, K
Psychological Bulletin Video Game Training Does Not Enhance Cognitive Ability: A Comprehensive Meta-Analytic Investigation Giovanni Sala, K. Semir Tatlidil, and Fernand Gobet Online First Publication, December 14, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000139 CITATION Sala, G., Tatlidil, K. S., & Gobet, F. (2017, December 14). Video Game Training Does Not Enhance Cognitive Ability: A Comprehensive Meta-Analytic Investigation. Psychological Bulletin. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000139 Psychological Bulletin © 2017 American Psychological Association 2017, Vol. 0, No. 999, 000 0033-2909/17/$12.00 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000139 Video Game Training Does Not Enhance Cognitive Ability: A Comprehensive Meta-Analytic Investigation Giovanni Sala, K. Semir Tatlidil, and Fernand Gobet University of Liverpool As a result of considerable potential scientific and societal implications, the possibility of enhancing cognitive ability by training has been one of the most influential topics of cognitive psychology in the last two decades. However, substantial research into the psychology of expertise and a recent series of meta-analytic reviews have suggested that various types of cognitive training (e.g., working memory training) benefit performance only in the trained tasks. The lack of skill generalization from one domain to different ones—that is, far transfer—has been documented in various fields of research such as working memory training, music, brain training, and chess. Video game training is another activity that has been claimed by many researchers to foster a broad range of cognitive abilities such as visual processing, attention, spatial ability, and cognitive control. We tested these claims with three random- effects meta-analytic models. -
Baseball/Softball
SAMPLE SITUTATIONS Situation Enter for batter Enter for runner Hit (single, double, triple, home run) 1B or 2B or 3B or HR Hit to location (LF, CF, etc.) 3B 9 or 2B RC or 1B 6 Bunt single 1B BU Walk, intentional walk or hit by pitch BB or IBB or HP Ground out or unassisted ground out 63 or 43 or 3UA Fly out, pop out, line out 9 or F9 or P4 or L6 Pop out (bunt) P4 BU Line out with assist to another player L6 A1 Foul out FF9 or PF2 Foul out (bunt) FF2 BU or PF2 BU Strikeouts (swinging or looking) KS or KL Strikeout, Fouled bunt attempt on third strike K BU Reaching on an error E5 Fielder’s choice FC 4 46 Double play 643 GDP X Double play (on strikeout) KS/L 24 DP X Double play (batter reaches 1B on FC) FC 554 GDP X Double play (on lineout) L63 DP X Triple play 543 TP X (for two runners) Sacrifi ce fl y F9 SF RBI + Sacrifi ce bunt 53 SAC BU + Sacrifi ce bunt (error on otherwise successful attempt) E2T SAC BU + Sacrifi ce bunt (no error, lead runner beats throw to base) FC 5 SAC BU + Sacrifi ce bunt (lead runner out attempting addtional base) FC 5 SAC BU + 35 Fielder’s choice bunt (one on, lead runner out) FC 5 BU (no sacrifi ce) 56 Fielder’s choice bunt (two on, lead runner out) FC 5 BU (no sacrifi ce) 5U (for lead runner), + (other runner) Catcher or batter interference CI or BI Runner interference (hit by batted ball) 1B 4U INT (awarded to closest fi elder)* Dropped foul ball E9 DF Muff ed throw from SS by 1B E3 A6 Batter advances on throw (runner out at home) 1B + T + 72 Stolen base SB Stolen base and advance on error SB E2 Caught stealing -
How to Do Stats
EXPLANATION OF STATS IN SCORE BOOK FIELDING STATISTICS COLUMNS DO - Defensive Outs The number of put outs the team participated in while each player was in the line-up. Defensive outs are used in National Championships as a qualification rule. PO - Put out (10.09) A putout shall be credited to each fielder who (1) Catches a fly ball or a line drive, whether fair or foul. (2) Catches a thrown ball, which puts out a batter or a runner. (3) Tags a runner when the runner is off the base to which he is legally entitled. A – Assist (10.10) Any fielder who throws or deflects a battered or thrown ball in such a way that a putout results or would have except for a subsequent error, will be credited with an Assist. E – Error (10.12) An error is scored against any fielder who by any misplay (fumble, muff or wild throw) prolongs the life of the batter or runner or enables a runner to advance. BATTING STATISTICS COLUMNS PA - Plate Appearance Every time the batter completes his time at bat he is credited with a PA. Note: if the third out is made in the field he does not get a PA but is first to bat in the next innings. AB - At Bat (10.02(a)(1)) When a batter has reached 1st base without the aid of an ‘unofficial time at bat’. i.e. do not include Base on Balls, Hit by a Pitched Ball, Sacrifice flies/Bunts and Catches Interference. R – Runs (2.66) every time the runner crosses home plate scoring a run. -
6U Baseball Division Is an Instructional Boys/Girls Baseball League
6U Baseball division is an instructional boys/girls baseball league. It is our desire That all players have an equal chance to develop and learn the basics of baseball while instilling a sense of sportsmanship and fair play. There should never be an argument/protest about a play from any coach or parent. If a problem arises, then please contact the baseball director. General 1. Both base coaches and field coaches, including the coach pitcher will act as umpires. Any coach can make a call at any base, depending on the circumstance and line of sight. 2. Close plays will go to the defense. 3. The game shall consist of five (5) innings. 4. No new inning shall begin one hour and thirty minutes after the game starting time. 5. Base distances are 50 feet. 6. The coach pitcher should not coach any base runner once the ball is hit. He may position the batter and encourage him before the ball is hit but all base runners should be taught and encouraged to listen to their first and third base coaches. 7. Official scores are not kept, and standings are not tracked. 8. The baseball or league operations director will determine unplayable fields or rainouts and update the hotline number one hour before scheduled games. If no cancellation is announced, then it is assumed that games will be played. Coaches should not take it upon themselves to cancel games. 9. Home teams are responsible for the followings setting up the bases and chalking the lines prior to the game, adding turface or quick dry to wet areas on the infield and putting away the bases, raking out chalk lines and cleaning dugout areas after the game. -
PHILADELPHIA PHILLIES (5-8) Vs
PHILADELPHIA PHILLIES (5-8) vs. NEW YORK METS (7-7) Wednesday, April 19, 2017 – Citi Field – 7:10 p.m. EDT – Game 14; Road 8 RHP Vince Velasquez (0-2, 9.00) vs. RHP Robert Gsellman (0-1, 9.28) LAST NIGHT’S ACTION: The Phillies defeated the New York Mets, 6-2, in 10 innings at Citi Field in New York … Starter Zach Eflin (ND) made his season debut; he tossed 5.0 innings and allowed 2 runs PHILLIES PHACTS on 3 hits with 3 walks and 4 strikeouts … The Phils were trailing 2-1 with two outs in the 8th inning when Record: 5-8 (.385) Cameron Rupp scored on a pinch-hit double by Andres Blanco to tie the game … The Phils would score Home: 2-4 4 runs in the top of the 10th inning to snap their three game losing streak against the Mets. Road: 3-4 Current Streak: Won 1 Last 5 Games: 2-3 TRANSACTIONS: Prior to tonight’s game, RHP Pat Neshek was placed on the paternity list … To take Last 10 Games: 4-6 his place on the 25-man roster, RHP Ben Lively was recalled from Lehigh Valley (AAA) … Lively will Series Record: 1-3-0 wear #49. Sweeps/Swept: 0/1 MAIK IN NEED OF SOME MAGIC: Third baseman Maikel Franco has gotten off to a rough start and PHILLIES VS. METS is mired in an 0-for-17 slump heading into tonight’s game … But, Franco has been the victim of incredible th 2017 Record: 1-3 bad luck thus far … According to MLB’s Statcast data, Franco’s 93.2 MPH average exit velocity ranks 11 2017 at Home: 0-3 among all major league hitters with at least 30 at bats this season, yet he is hitting just .160 (8-50) due 2017 at NYM: 1-0 to a .143 batting average on balls in play … Additional positive trends for Franco would be the fact that All-Time Record: 494-459 his walk rate has increased from last year (6.3 % to 8.9%) and his strikeout rate has dropped (16.8% All-Time at Citizens Bank Park: 53-70 to 12.5%) … Lastly, Franco is seeing 3.98 pitches per plate appearance this season after averaging 3.56 All-Time at Citi Field: 33-39 P/PA from 2014-16.